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    SG Quadratic Theory

    Uploaded by

    zahirul007
    This document discusses quadratic theory, which is an important part of higher mathematics courses. It defines polynomial functions as having the format axn + bx(n-1) + ... + c, where n is a non-negative whole number. The degree of a polynomial is the largest power of x. Quadratic equations have degree 2. The discriminant of a quadratic equation tells us how many real roots it has: two real roots if the discriminant is positive, no real roots if negative, and one real root if zero. The document provides examples of finding the roots of quadratic equations by factorizing or using the quadratic formula, as well as examples of determining the number of roots based on the discriminant.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    SG Quadratic Theory

    Uploaded by

    zahirul007
    79 views3 pages
    This document discusses quadratic theory, which is an important part of higher mathematics courses. It defines polynomial functions as having the format axn + bx(n-1) + ... + c, where n is a non-negative whole number. The degree of a polynomial is the largest power of x. Quadratic equations have degree 2. The discriminant of a quadratic equation tells us how many real roots it has: two real roots if the discriminant is positive, no real roots if negative, and one real root if zero. The document provides examples of finding the roots of quadratic equations by factorizing or using the quadratic formula, as well as examples of determining the number of roots based on the discriminant.

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    mathematics

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    This document discusses quadratic theory, which is an important part of higher mathematics courses. It defines polynomial functions as having the format axn + bx(n-1) + ... + c, where n is a non-negative whole number. The degree of a polynomial is the largest power of x. Quadratic equations have degree 2. The discriminant of a quadratic equation tells us how many real roots it has: two real roots if the discriminant is positive, no real roots if negative, and one real root if zero. The document provides examples of finding the roots of quadratic equations by factorizing or using the quadratic formula, as well as examples of determining the number of roots based on the discriminant.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    79 views3 pages

    SG Quadratic Theory

    Uploaded by

    zahirul007
    This document discusses quadratic theory, which is an important part of higher mathematics courses. It defines polynomial functions as having the format axn + bx(n-1) + ... + c, where n is a non-negative whole number. The degree of a polynomial is the largest power of x. Quadratic equations have degree 2. The discriminant of a quadratic equation tells us how many real roots it has: two real roots if the discriminant is positive, no real roots if negative, and one real root if zero. The document provides examples of finding the roots of quadratic equations by factorizing or using the quadratic formula, as well as examples of determining the number of roots based on the discriminant.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Page 1 of 3

    Scottish Credit Level Standard Grade Course


    www.mathsrevision.com
    Quadr at i c Theor y
    Created by
    Graduate Bsc (Hons) MathsSci (Open) GIMA


    Quadratic Theory is a very important part of the Higher Still course and in
    Mathematics generally as it seems to pop up everywhere!

    A polynomial function has the format


    ax
    n
    Where n is a positive non-negative whole number
    x
    4
    x
    3
    + x
    2
    +
    ax
    2
    b x + c + 0
    x
    b b
    2
    4ac
    ( )

    2a
    x
    b b
    2
    4ac
    ( )
    +
    2a
    b
    2
    4ac 0 >
    2
    b
    2
    4ac 0 <
    b 4ac 0

    And f

    he discriminant of a quadratic equation is defined as being

    he discriminant tells us a lot of useful information about the roots. We can have
    Means 2 real roots

    Means no real roots

    Means one real root


    The degree of the polynomial is given by the largest power of x.

    Has degree 4


    When the highest power is of degree 2 we give it a special name quadratic equation ".

    We can find the roots of a quadratic (where it cuts the x-axis) by either factorising
    (If this can be done easily) or by using the formula below.



    or


    T

    b
    2
    4ac

    T
    three situations:-



    Scottish Credit Level Standard Grade Course
    www.mathsrevision.com
    Quadr at i c Theor y
    Created by
    Graduate Bsc (Hons) MathsSci (Open) GIMA


    1. State which of the following functions are polynomial functions justifying your




    answer, stating the degree of the function where appropriate.
    x
    3
    x
    2
    + 2x + 1 +
    x
    2
    1 +

    x
    3
    x
    4
    +
    1
    2
    x
    6
    + + 5


    Solution
    Polynomial of degree 3



    Not polynomial since -2 is a negative whole number


    x
    3
    x
    2
    + 2x + 1 +

    x
    2
    1 +


    x
    3
    x
    4
    +
    1
    2
    x
    6
    + 5 +
    Polynomial of degree 6
    2. Find the roots of the following quadratic functions below.



    x
    2
    5x 6 +



    Solution
    x
    2
    20x 100 +


    x
    2
    5x 6 + x 3 ( ) x 2 ( ) 0

    x 3

    x 2



    x
    2
    20x 100 + x 10 ( ) x 10 ( ) 0

    x 10

    Page 2 of 3

    Scottish Credit Level Standard Grade Course
    www.mathsrevision.com
    Quadr at i c Theor y
    Created by
    Graduate Bsc (Hons) MathsSci (Open) GIMA


    3. Find a quadratic equation that satisfies the given roots.

    x 5 and

    x 8

    Solution

    Hence we have

    0 x 8 ( ) x 5 ( )


    x
    2
    13x 40 + 0



    . By finding the discriminant of the quadratic equations below, determine the
    d



    4
    number roots each function has (you can evaluate them if you wish if you nee
    the practice!)
    x
    2
    1 0

    x
    2
    1 + 0

    x
    2
    2x + 1 + 0



    Solution

    x
    2
    1 0

    b
    2
    4ac 0
    2
    41 1 ( ) [ ] 4 0 >

    Hence 2 real roots
    x
    2
    1 + 0 b
    2
    4ac 0
    2
    41 1 ( ) 4 0 < Hence no real roots

    + 0 x
    2
    2x + b
    2
    4ac 2 ( )
    2
    41 1 ( ) 0 Hence one real root 1






    Page 3 of 3

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