Manual SPAA 341 C2 PDF

RS 614 Ser.No.
SPAA 341 C
2
5
0
0
3
6
A
U
aux
18...80 V
80...265 V
~
0
U1 U2 U3
SPCS 2D26
0
SPCJ 4D28
0
SPCT 5D54
f
n
= 50Hz
60Hz
n I = 1A 5A ( ) I
n I = ( )
0B
I 1A 5A
n
U = ( )
0
U 100V
n I = ( )
0
I 1A 0,2A
120V 110V
1
2
3
4
5
6
A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
OPERATION INDICATORS
Shot 1 due
Shot 2 due
CBFAIL
Final trip
Shot 5 due
Shot 4 due
Shot 3 due
t
d
t
r
CBFP
CBFP
U
0b
> Start
U
0b
> Trip
U
01
> Start
/
I
01
> Start
U
01
> Trip
/
I
01
> Trip
U
02
> Start
/
I
02
> Start
U
02
> Trip
/
I
02
> Trip
I > Start
I
0
> Start
I > Trip
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
11
A
I
0
> Trip
I > Trip
>> I Start
>> I Trip
>>> I Start
>>> I Trip
>> I
0
Start
>> I
0
Trip
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCJ 4D28
TRIP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
L1 L2 L3 o
IRF
3 > I
I
I I I I
> n I I /
k
n
>> I I /
k 0
n 0
> I I /
0
0
2
3
A
n I / I >> >
>> t [ ] s
s t >> > [ ]
s 0
> t [ ]
0 t s [ ]
n 0 I I /
>>
> t [ ] s
> t [ ] s
> I
>>
% [ ]
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCT 5D54
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
IRF AR1
DEF
TRIP
AR3 AR2
O I
Shot 1
Shot 2
Shot 3
Shot 4
Shot 5
r
t
d
t
Final trip
0
0
2
2
A
AR4
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCS 2D26
TRIP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
IRF
I
o
I
o
U
0
0
3
7
A
o
U
0b
> U %
s
b
> [ ] t
s
1
> [ ] t
01
> U % [ ]
01
> I % [ ]
02
> I % [ ]
s
2
> [ ] t
02
> U % [ ]
[ ]
SPAA 341 C
Feeder Protection Relay
Users manual and Technical description
2
SPAA 341 C
Feeder Protection
Relay
Contents Features .......................................................................................................................... 3
Application ..................................................................................................................... 3
Description of operation................................................................................................. 4
Connections (modified 01-09) ........................................................................................ 6
Specification of input and output terminals (modified 95-11) ......................................... 8
Double-pole circuit breaker control ................................................................................ 9
Signal flow diagram (modified 96-11) ........................................................................... 10
Operation indicators ..................................................................................................... 11
I/O module .................................................................................................................. 11
Power supply module ................................................................................................... 12
Technical data (modified 02-06) ................................................................................... 12
Applications (modified 96-11) ....................................................................................... 15
Testing (modified 95-11) .............................................................................................. 29
Maintenance and repair ................................................................................................ 31
Spare parts .................................................................................................................... 31
Delivery alternatives ..................................................................................................... 31
Order numbers ............................................................................................................. 32
Dimensional drawings and mounting ........................................................................... 32
Ordering information ................................................................................................... 33
In addition to this general part the following descriptions of the individual modules
are included in the complete manual of the feeder terminal relay SPAA 341 C:
Combined overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28 1MRS 750093-MUM EN
Directional or non-directional earth-fault relay module SPCS 2D26 1MRS 750100-MUM EN
Auto-reclose relay module SPCT 5D54 1MRS 750095-MUM EN
General characteristics of D-type SPC relay modules 1MRS 750066-MUM EN
1MRS 750099-MUM EN
Issued 1995-05-04
Modified 2002-06-11
Version F (replaces 34 SPAA 10 EN1)
Checked MK
Approved OL
Data subject to change without notice
3
Features Three-phase overcurrent protection with three
stages
Two-stage non-directional earth-fault protec-
tion and phase discontinuity protection
Two-stage sensitive directional earth-fault pro-
tection
Two parallel measurements of neutral current:
sensitive and normal
Automatic reclosing allowing from one to five
auto-reclosures
Remote control of circuit breaker via auto-
reclose module
Five external control inputs enabling, for exam-
ple, external initiation of auto-reclosing
Seven freely configurable output relays and out-
put relays for self-supervision and circuit breaker
closing
Four trip contacts for double-pole CB opening
and double-pole CB closing
Recording of measured data which can be used
for analyzing the network condition
Transfer of data over serial communication bus
Continuous self-supervision and internal fault
diagnosis
Reading and writing of setting values via the
display and front panel push-buttons, a PC with
setting software or from higher systems levels
over the serial bus
Application The feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C is
designed to be used for selective short-circuit
and earth-fault protection of radial isolated neu-
tral networks, resonant earthed networks and
partially earthed networks
The integrated protection includes short-circuit
and earth-fault protection for one feeder, auto-
matic reclosing and signalling logic. The feeder
protection relay can also be used for applications
requiring two types of earth-fault protection: a
sensitive directional earth-fault protection and a
less sensitive non-directional earth-fault protec-
tion.
4
Description of
operation
The feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C is a
secondary relay system to be connected to the
current and voltage transformers of the network
section to be protected. The feeder protection
relay includes three protection relay modules:
a three-phase combined overcurrent and earth-
fault relay module type SPCJ 4D28, a direc-
tional or non-directional earth-fault relay mod-
ule type SPCS 2D26 and an auto-reclose relay
module type SPCT 5D54.
Combined over-
current and earth-
fault relay module
SPCJ 4D28
The overcurrent unit of the combined overcur-
rent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28 is
intended to be used for single-phase, two-phase
or three-phase overcurrent protection. It in-
cludes three overcurrent stages: I>, I>> and
I>>>. An overcurrent stage starts, as soon as the
current on one of the phases exceeds the setting
value of the stage concerned. Should the stage
still be started when the operate time selected for
the stage elapses, it trips the circuit breaker by
delivering the configured trip signal.
The earth-fault unit of the combined overcur-
intended to be used for non-directional earth-
fault protection. It includes two stages: a low-set
stage I
0
> and a high-set stage I
0
>>. When start-
ing the stage provides a start signal which can be
programmed to operate as the desired output
signal. Should the earth-fault persist when the
operate time elapses, the stage delivers a trip
signal.
The low-set stages (I> and I
0
>) may have a
definite or an inverse time characteristic, whereas
the high-set stages operate according to the
definite time characteristic only. The operation
of the stages can be totally blocked by means of
the configuration switches.
The overcurrent and earth-fault relay module
SPCJ 4D28 also provides protection against
phase discontinuity. This phase discontinuity
protection stage monitors the minimum and
maximum phase current and calculates the dif-
ferential current I between the phases. The
stage provides a trip signal if the differential
current is greater than the setting value when the
set operate time elapses.
Directional earth-
fault relay module
SPCS 2D26
The directional earth-fault relay module SPCS
2D26 includes two protection stages: a low-set
stage I
01
> and a high-set stage I
02
>. The start
value of the deblocking voltage U
0b
> is the same
for both I
01
> and I
02
>. The protection is based
on measuring the neutral current I
0
, the residual
voltage U
0
and the phase angle between these.
An earth-fault stage starts if the neutral current
and the residual voltage exceeds the set values
and the phase angle is within the specified
operating sector
b
. When these condi-
tions remain fulfilled during the set operate
time, the stage provides a trip signal.
The earth-fault relay module SPCS 2D26 can
also be configured to operate as a three-stage
residual voltage relay. Then the two neutral
current stages are replaced with two voltage
stages. The three residual voltage stages measure
the same voltage, but they can be given separate
start values and operate times.
5
Auto-reclose relay
module SPCT 5D54
The auto-reclose relay module SPCT 5D54 is
capable of performing from one to five auto-
reclose shots and tripping the circuit breaker
finally. The auto-reclose shots are freely pro-
grammable to be initiated by short circuit, over-
current, earth fault or via an external control
input. When required, the initiation of an auto-
reclose sequence can be blocked by a short
circuit.
An auto-reclose shot can be initiated by start or
trip of the protection. When started by a start
signal of one of the protection modules, the
auto-reclose module opens the circuit breaker,
and when the dead time set for the concerned
AR shot elapses, it closes the circuit breaker.
Should the fault still persist when the auto-
reclosure has been carried out, the protection
relay module operates again initiating the next
shot until the whole AR sequence has been
completed. Then, if the fault proves permanent,
definite tripping will follow. Definite trip can be
carried out either by a protection relay module
or by the auto-reclose module (final trip func-
tion). At definite tripping the red DEF TRIP
indicator on the auto-reclose module is lit and
information about which of the protection func-
tions that initiated the unsuccessful AR se-
quence is available via the output signals.
The auto-reclose module is provided with a
maintenance monitor that records the opera-
tions of the circuit breaker. Each CB opening
decrements the value of the monitor according
to the stress factors. The alarm signal of the
maintenance monitor can be used to block auto-
reclose operations. The maintenance monitor
also allows a pre-alarm level to be set.
Different types of information, e.g., informa-
tion about auto-reclosure in progress, alarm on
definite tripping, and circuit breaker failure
alarm, can also be received as contact informa-
tion from the auto-reclose module.
The external control inputs of the auto-reclose
module can be used to initiate an auto-reclose
sequence, to prevent or interrupt an auto-reclos-
ure and to prevent CB closing.
Circuit-breaker
failure protection
The circuit-breaker failure protection integrated
into the relay modules SPCJ 4D28 and SPCS
2D26 enables a secured circuit breaker trip
system. The breaker fail function is linked to the
output relay TS1 so that in the event of the local
circuit breaker failing to trip, the trip signal can
be rerouted directly to the upstream circuit
breaker.
6
Connections
(modified 01-09)
Fig. 1. Connection diagram for feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C
S
P
A
A

3
4
1

C
1 A
5 A
1 A
5 A
L
1
L
2
L
3
S
1
S
2
P
1
P
2
A N
d
a
d
n
U
1

(
S
P
C
J

4
D
2
8
)
A
R
I
N
H
U
2

(
S
P
C
S

2
D
2
6
)
U
3

(
S
P
C
T

5
D
5
4
)
B
S
1
B
S
2
1 A
C
B
P
O
S
B
S

2
B
S

1
C
B
P
O
S
A
R
IN
H
1 A
5 A
B
S
1
B
S
2
B
S
1
B
S
2
U
4
A
R
S
T
A
R
T
A
R
C
T
R
L
1 A
5 A
I
O
U
o
I
L
3
I
L
2
I
L
1
I
O
B
U
2
3
100/
110/
120 V
U
1
2
U
a
u
x
+

(
~
)
-

(
~
)
3
I
>
I
I
>
R
R
E
S
U
0
I
R
R
E
S
0
I
A
R
S
Y
N
C
C
IN
H
R
R
E
S
+
-
1
3
1
4
1
6
1
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
3
7
3
8
3
9
2
8
2
9
2
5
2
6
2
7
1
0
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
6
2
6
1
X
0
X
1
X
0
6
3
IR
F
I/O
I
R
F
+
+
IR
F
IR
F
+
+
+
+
T
S
1
S
S
1
S
S
2
S
S
3
T
S
2
T
S
1
S
S
1
S
S
2
S
S
3
T
S
2
S
S
2
S
S
3
T
S
2
C
B
C
S
T
S
3
S
S
4
I/O
T
S
3
S
S
4
I/O
T
S
3
S
S
4
-
0
-
I
I
0
+
+
-
T
S
1
S
S
1
S
S
1
T
S
1
S
S
2
T
S
2
S
S
3
T
S
3
S
S
4
C
B
C
S
+
+
+
+
+
SPA-ZC_
R
x
T
x
S
E
R
I
A
L
P
O
R
T
(
S
P
A
)
1
4
1
5
1
6
1
2
1
3
3
4
9
1
0
1
1
1
2
7
8
1
5
1
6
5
6
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
X
1
X
2
X
1
X
2
X
2
X
2
X
2
X
2
X
2
100/
110/
120 V
100/
110/
120 V
U
6
~
0.2 A
U
5
7
U
aux
Auxiliary voltage
TS1...TS3, CBCS Output relays (heavy-duty)
SS1...SS4 Output relays
IRF Self-supervision output relay
BS1, BS2 Control signals 1 and 2
CBPOS Circuit breaker status data
ARINH Signal for AR interruption and inhibition
ARCTRL Control signal for auto-reclosing
SS1...SS4
TS1...TS3, IRF Output signals
CBCS Signal for circuit breaker closing
U1 Combined overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28
U2 Directional earth-fault relay module SPCS 2D26
U3 Auto-reclose relay module SPCT 5D54
U4 I/O module
U5 Power supply module
U6 Energizing input module
SERIAL PORT Serial communication port
SPA-ZC Bus connection module
Rx/Tx Fibre-optic cable connections
Made in Finland
= 63
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
X0
5
1
2
3
4
6
37
38
39
X2
X1
Serial Port
SPA
CBCS BS2 CBPOS ARINH ARCTRL TS3 BS1
IRF SS1 SS2 SS3 SS4 TS1 TS2
7
8
9
14
61
62
63
13
16
25
26
27
17
28
29
I
L1
I
L2
I
L3
I
0B
U
a
u
x
U
12
U
23
U
0
I
0
Fig. 2. Terminals of feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C.
8
Specification of
input and output
terminals
(modified 96-11)
Terminal Terminal interval Function
group
XO 12 Phase current I
L1
(5 A). Overcurrent protection
13 Phase current I
L1
45 Phase current I
L2
46 Phase current I
L2
78 Phase current I
L3
79 Phase current I
L3
1314 Phase-to-phase voltage U
12
(100 V).
(Not used in SPAA 341 C)
1617 Phase-to-phase voltage U
23
(100 V).
(Not used in SPAA 341 C)
3738 Neutral current I
0B
(5 A). Earth-fault protection.
(SPCJ 4D28)
0B
(SPCJ 4D28)
0
(SPCS 2D26)
0
(0.2 A). Earth-fault protection.
(SPCS 2D26)
2829 Residual voltage U
0
(100 V). Earth-fault protection.
(Selection of rated voltage 110 V- and 120 V- possible)
6162 Auxiliary voltage supply. The positive pole of the DC supply
is connected to terminal 61. Auxiliary voltage range marked
on the front plate.
63 Protective earth
X1 12 External control signal BS1
34 External control signal BS2
56 Circuit breaker position input CBPOS. The input is energized
when the circuit breaker is open.
78 Auto-reclose inhibition signal ARINH
910 Auto-reclose control signal ARCTRL
11121314 Output relay CBCS
(heavy-duty, see "double-pole circuit breaker control")
1516 Output relay TS3 (heavy-duty)
X2 12 Output relay TS2 (heavy-duty)
34 Output relay TS1 (heavy-duty)
56 Output relay SS4
78 Output relay SS3
91011 Output relay SS2
1213 Output relay SS1
141516 Output relay IRF
The protection relay is connected to the fibre-
optic data bus via a bus connection module type
SPA-ZC 17 or SPA-ZC 21 that is fitted to the D
connector on the rear panel of the relay. The
optical fibres are connected to the counter con-
tacts Rx and Tx of the module. The selector
switches of the bus connection module are set to
the position "SPA".
9
Double-pole
circuit breaker
control
The circuit breaker closing can be implemented
as one-pole or double-pole connection. At dou-
ble-pole circuit breaker operation the control
voltage is applied to both sides of the circuit
breaker tripping coil: the negative and the posi-
tive polarity of the control circuit are separately
connected over the terminals 1112 and 1314
of the output relay CBCS.
Note!
When the CBCS relay is used with one-pole
connection the terminals 12 and 13 have to be
connected together.
Should double-pole circuit breaker opening be
required as well, two heavy-duty output relays
can be used for this purpose (e.g. TS2 and TS3).
+ + +
+
+
-
0
-
I
SS1 TS1 SS2 TS2 SS3 TS3 SS4 CBCS
+ + + + +
12 13 3 4 9 10 11 1 2 7 8 15 16 5 6 11 12 13 14 X1 X2 X1 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2
CLOSE OPEN
+ + +
+
+ -
0
-
I
SS1 TS1 SS2 TS2 SS3 TS3 SS4 CBCS
+ + + + +
12 13 3 4 9 10 11 1 2 7 8 15 16 5 6 11 12 13 14 X1 X2 X1 X2 X2 X2 X2 X2
OPEN OPEN CLOSE
a)
b)
Fig. 3. Principle of one-pole (a) and double-pole (b) operation.
10
Signal flow
diagram
(modified 96-11)
Fig. 4 illustrates the internal signals of the feeder
protection relay and their configuration. The
numbers given in the small squares refer to the
configuration switches to be used to connect the
control signals to the required functions and
configure the start and trip signals to operate as
desired output signals or AR initiation signals.
Fig. 4. Internal signals of feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C.
I
>
I
>
>
SPCJ 4D28 (U1)
I
L
1
,
I
L
2
,
I
L
3
I
o
BI
o
U
o
B
S
1
B
S
2
C
B
P
O
S
A
R
I
N
H
I
>
>
>
I
o
>
I
o
>
>
I
>
t
>
t
1
>
t
2
>
U
o
b
>
S
S
1
T
S
1
S
S
2
T
S
2
S
S
3
T
S
3
C
B
C
S
S
S
4
t
>
>
>
S
G
F
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
S
G
F
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
S
G
F
8
S
G
F
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
I
o
1
>
U
o
1
>
I
o
2
>
U
o
2
>
SGR11
SGR9
SGR7
SGR5
SGR3
SGR1
SGR10
SGR8
SGR6
SGR4
SGR2
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
SGB1 12346
SGB2 1234
SGB3 1234
&
&
I
o
1
>

/
U
o
1
>
I
o
2
>

/
U
o
2
>
S
G
F
1
/
8
SGB1 123
SGB2 123
SGB3 123
SGR3
SGR1
SGR4
SGR2
2 134567
SGR6
SGR5 2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
S
G
F
5
S
G
F
5
A
R
2
A
R
1
A
R
3
S
S
1
T
S
1
S
S
2
T
S
2
S
S
3
T
S
3
S
S
4
SPCS 2D26 (U2)
SGR1 2 134567
SGR2 2 134567
SGR3 2 134567
SGR4 2 134567
SGR5 2 134567
SGR6 2 134567
SGR7 2 134567
SGR8 2 134567
SGR9 2 134567
SGR10 2 134567
SGR11 2 134567
0

-
>

I
AR1
AR2
AR3
AR4
A
R
2
A
R
1
A
R
3
SGB1 123
SGB2 123
ARSYNC
CINH
CBPOS
ARINH
CBCS
Shot 1 due
CBOS
Def trip AR4
Def trip AR3
Def trip AR2
Def trip AR1
Shot 2 due
CBFAIL
Shot 5 due
Shot 4 due
Shot 3 due
1
3
1
2
X
2
4
3
X
2
1
1
1
0
X
2
2
1
X
2
8
7
X
2
1
6
1
5
X
1
6
5
X
2
1
4
1
3
X
1
1
2
1
1
9
SPCT 5D54 (U3)
R
R
E
S
S
P
A
A

3
4
1

C
t
b
>
t
>
t
>
>
t
o
>
t
o
>
>

11
Operation
indicators
2. Measured values, settings and start and trip
data are indicated on the displays of the relay
modules. Starting and tripping are indicated
by the red operation code to the left of the
display. The operation codes are explained in
the manuals of the separate protection relay
modules and on the system panel of the
feeder protection relay.
The start indications can be programmed to
remain on even though the stage resets. Nor-
mally, the numbers indicating start are auto-
matically reset, whereas the trip codes have to
be reset by pressing the RESET push-button.
The TRIP indicator at the bottom part of the
front panel can be set to indicate starting and
tripping. The BS1, BS2 and RRES signals
can be configured to automatically reset the
trip indicators. The closing signal of the auto-
reclose relay module is linked to the RRES
input, which can be used to reset the opera-
tion indicators after a successful auto-reclose
sequence. An unreset operation indicator does
not affect the operation of the relay module.
3. Measured values and settings presented on
the display are identified by yellow LEDs on
the front panel.
4. A permanent fault detected by the self-super-
vision system is indicated by the IRF indica-
tor of the concerned relay module. The fault
code appearing on the display when a fault
occurs should be recorded to facilitate main-
tenance and repair.
The operation indicators are described in detail
in the manuals of the individual relay modules.
RS 614 Ser.No.
SPAA 341 C
2
5
1
7
2
0
U
aux
18...80 V
80...265 V
~
0
U1 U2 U3
SPCS 2D26
0
SPCJ 4D28
0
SPCT 5D54
f
n
= 50Hz
60Hz
n
I = 1A 5A ( ) I
n
I = ( )
0B
I 1A 5A
n
U = ( )
0
U 100V
n
I = ( )
0
I 1A 0,2A
120V 110V
1
2
3
4
5
6
A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
OPERATION INDICATORS
Shot 1 due
Shot 2 due
CBFAIL
Final trip
Shot 5 due
Shot 4 due
Shot 3 due
t
d
t
r
CBFP
CBFP
U
0b
> Start
U
0b
> Trip
U
01
> Start
/
I
01
> Start
U
01
> Trip
/
I
01
> Trip
U
02
> Start
/
I
02
> Start
U
02
> Trip
/
I
02
> Trip
I > Start
I
0
> Start
I > Trip
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
11
A
I
0
> Trip
I > Trip
>> I Start
>> I Trip
>>> I Start
>>> I Trip
>> I
0
Start
>> I
0
Trip
Fig. 5. Front panel of feeder protection relay
SPAA 341 C.
1. The green LED U
aux
on the system panel is lit
when the power supply unit is operating.
I/O module The I/O module of the feeder protection relay
SPAA 341 C is fitted in the rear part of the relay,
in the same direction as the mother PC board.
The module can be withdrawn after undoing
the fixing screws and disconnecting the protec-
tive earth conductor of the cover and the flat
cable connected to the mother PC board.
The I/O module contains the output relays (8
pcs + IRF), the control circuits of the relays, the
electronic circuits for the five external control
inputs and the D connector required for serial
communications. The input and output signals
of the I/O module are linked to the mother
board over a flat cable. The relay module loca-
tions U1 and U2 are identical. The location U3
is intended for the auto-reclose module.
The output signals SS1...SS4, TS1...TS3 and
CBCS control an output relay with the same
designation. The operation of the stages are not
fixed to a particular output relay but can be
programmed for the desired output relays. It
should, however, be noted that the output relays
TS1, TS2, TS3 and CBCS can be used for
circuit breaker control. The configuration of the
switchgroups is described in detail in the relay
module manuals.
The operation of the external control inputs is
determined by the setting of the configuration
switchgroups of the relay modules. The control
inputs can be used for blocking one or several
protection stages, for resetting latched output
relays, selecting second settings, etc.
12
Power supply
module
The power supply module forms the voltages
required for the relay modules and the auxiliary
relay module. The power supply module is
located behind the system panel of the protec-
tion relay and can be withdrawn after removal of
the system panel.
The power supply module is available in two
versions as follows:
SPGU 240A1:
- rated voltage U
n
= 110/120/230/240 V ac
U
n
= 110/125/220 V dc
- operative range U = 80...265 V ac/dc
SPGU 48B2
- rated voltage U
n
= 24/48/60 V dc
- operative range U = 18...80 V dc
The voltage range of the power supply module
fitted in the relay is marked on the system panel
of the relay.
The power supply module is transformer con-
nected, i.e. the primary side and the secondary
circuits are galvanically isolated. The primary
side is protected by a fuse F1, located on the PC
board of the module. The fuse used in SPGU
240A1 is 1 A (slow) and that one used in SPGU
48B2 is 4 A (slow).
The green LED U
aux
on the front panel is lit
when the power supply module is in operation.
The supervision of the voltages supplying the
electronic circuits are integrated into the relay
modules. A self-supervision alarm is received, if
a secondary voltage deviates from its rated value
by more than 25%.
Technical data
(modified 02-06)
Energizing inputs
Rated current I
n
0.2 A 1 A 5 A
Terminal numbers X0/1-3,4-6 X0/1-2,4-5
X0/7-9,37-39 X0/7-8, 37-38
X0/25-27 X0/25-26
Thermal current withstand
- continuously 1.5 A 4 A 20 A
- for 10 s 5 A 25 A 100 A
- for 1 s 20 A 100 A 500 A
Dynamic current withstand
- half-wave value 50 A 250 A 1250 A
Input impedance <750 m <100 m <20 m
Voltage inputs
Rated voltage U
n
, selectable 100 V (110 V/120 V)
Terminal numbers X0/13-14, 16-17, 28-29
Continuous voltage withstand 2 x U
n
Rated burden of voltage input at U
n
<0.5 VA
Output contacts
Trip contacts
Terminal numbers X1/15-16, 11-12-13-14
X2/1-2, 3-4
- rated voltage 250 V ac/dc
- continuous current carrying capacity 5 A
- make and carry for 0.5 s 30 A
- make and carry for 3 s 15 A
Breaking capacity for dc when the control
circuit time constant L/R 40 ms at the
control voltage levels
- 220 V dc 1 A
- 110 V dc 3 A
- 48 V dc 5 A
13
Signalling contacts
Terminal numbers X2/5-6, 7-8, 9-10-11
X2/12-13, 14-15-16
X2/1-2, 3-4
- rated voltage 250 V ac/dc
- continuous current carrying capacity 5 A
- make and carry for 0.5 s 10 A
- make and carry for 3 s 8 A
Breaking capacity for dc when the control
circuit time constant L/R 40 ms at the
control voltage levels
- 220 V dc 0.15 A
- 110 V dc 0.25 A
- 48 V dc 1 A
External control inputs
Blocking/control (BS1, BS2)
- terminal numbers X1/1-2, 3-4
Circuit breaker position data
- terminal number X1/5-6
Auto-reclose control
- terminal number X1/7-8, 9-10
External control voltage
- operative range 18...250 V dc or
80...250 V ac
Current drain of activated control input 2...20 mA
Auxiliary power supply
Voltage ranges of power supply modules:
SPGU 240A1:
- rated voltage U
n
= 110/120/230/240 V ac
U
n
= 110/125/220 V dc
- operative range U = 80...265 V ac/dc
SPGU 48B2
- rated voltage U
n
= 24/48/60 V dc
- operative range U = 18...80 V dc
Power consumption, under quiescent/
operation conditions 10 W/15 W
Combined overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28
- see "Technical data" in the manual for the module.
Directional earth-fault relay module SPCS 2D26
Auto-reclose module SPCT 5D54
14
Data communication
Transmission mode Fibre-optic serial bus
Coding ASCII
Data transfer rate, selectable 4800 Bd or 9600 Bd
Electrical/optical bus connection module
powered from the host relay
- for plastic core cables SPA-ZC 21BB
- for glass fibre cables SPA-ZC 21 MM
Electrical/optical bus connection module
powered from the host relay or from an
external power source
- for plastic core cables SPA-ZC 17BB
- for glass fibre cables SPA-ZC 17 MM
Insulation Tests *)
Dielectric test IEC 60255-5 2 kV, 50 Hz, 1 min
Impulse voltage test IEC 60255-5 5 kV, 1.2/50 s, 0.5 J
Insulation resistance measurement IEC 60255-5 >100 M, 500 Vdc
Electromagnetic Compatibility Tests *)
High-frequency (1 MHz) burst disturbance test
IEC 60255-22-1
- common mode 2.5 kV
- differential mode 1.0 kV
Electrostatic discharge test IEC 60255-22-2 and
IEC 61000-4-2
- contact discharge 6 kV
- air discharge 8 kV
Fast transient disturbance test IEC 60255-22-4
and IEC 61000-4-4
- power supply 4 kV
- I/O ports 2 kV
Mechanical environmental test
Vibration test (IEC 60255-21-1) class 1
Chock/bump test (IEC 60255-21-2) class 1
Environmental conditions
Service temperature range -10...+55C
Transport and storage temperature range
(IEC 60068-2-8) -40...+70C
Temperature influence 0.2%/C
Damp heat test (IEC 60068-2-30) 93...95%, +55C, 6 cycles
Degree of protection by enclosure of
flush mounting relay case (IEC 60529) IP 54
Weight of fully equipped relay 6 kg
*) The tests do not apply to the serial port, which is used exclusively for the bus connection module.
15
Applications
Example 1.1.
Overcurrent and
earth-fault protec-
tion of a feeder,
resonant earthed
system
0
IRF
U6
BS1
BS2
SS1
SS2
SS3
SS4
TS1
TS2
TS3
SPAA 341 C
B
S
1
B
S
2
C
B
P
O
S
A
R
I
N
H
A
R
C
T
R
L
X
1
/
1
X
1
/
2
X
1
/
3
X
1
/
4
X
1
/
5
X
1
/
6
X
1
/
7
X
1
/
8
X
1
/
9
X
1
/
1
0
U4
I / O
IRF
SS1
SS2
SS3
SS4
TS1
TS2
TS3
I / O
I / O
BS1
U2 (SPCS 2D26)
U3 (SPCT 5D54)
U1 (SPCJ 4D28)
3I>
I
I>
U
I
0 I
0
RRES
BS1
BS2
RRES
BS2
CB POS
AR INH
AR START
AR SYNC
C INH
RRES
X
0
/
1
X
0
/
2
X
0
/
3
X
0
/
3
7
X
0
/
3
8
X
0
/
3
9
X
0
/
2
8
X
0
/
2
9
X
0
/
2
5
X
0
/
2
6
5

A
X
0
/
4
X
0
/
5
X
0
/
6
X
0
/
7
X
0
/
8
X
0
/
9
1

A
5

A
5

A
1

A
5

A
1

A
1

A
0
.
2

A
I
L1
I
L2
I
L3
I
0B
U
0
I
0
1
2
0
/
1
1
0
/
1
0
0

V
X
0
/
2
7
IRF
SS1
SS2
SS3
SS4
TS1
TS2
TS3
CBCS
A
N
da
dn
L1
L2
L3
+
-
U5
+
-
( ~ )( ~ )
U
aux
X0/61
X0/62
~
X1/16
I / O
IRF
X2/16
X2/15
X2/14
X2/12
X2/13
X2/8
X2/7
X2/11
X2/9
X2/10
X2/6
X2/5
X2/3
X2/4
X2/2
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
X1/14
X1/13
X1/12
X1/11
+
TS2
TS1
X1/15
TS3
SERIAL
PORT
X2/1
SS4
SS3
SS2
SS1
CBCS
CBFP
BLOCK.
X
0
/
6
3
1

A
I
-
-
0
+
+
-
+
+
-
+
I
+
+
+
OC alarm
EF alarm
CBFAIL
C
B
F
P
B
L
O
C
K
.
Fig. 6. Feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C used for protecting a feeder in a resonant earthed
network.
16
Overcurrent relay
module SPCJ 4D28
The overcurrent relay module SPCJ 4D28 in-
cludes three overcurrent stages. By using all
three stages and giving each overcurrent stage its
own operate value and operate time good selec-
tivity with short operate times can be obtained.
The operation of the short-circuit protection is
based on blockings between the protection lev-
els. This means that when starting, the I>>>
stage of the overcurrent relay module of the
feeder provides a blocking signal to the I>> stage
of the overcurrent relay module of the infeeder.
When no blocking signal is received, the infeeder
overcurrent relay module perceives the fault as
being within its own protection range and trips
the circuit breaker. When required, the block-
ing functions can be extended beyond the relay
of the infeeder.
In general, the I>>> stage is used for tripping,
but in this example it is only used for providing
a blocking signal. Then the start value (blocking
level) is freely selectable.
The I
0
> stage is used for protecting a separate
feeder against a double short circuit. A double
short circuit occurs when two phase conductors
get in galvanic connection with earth. A double
short circuit is generally a serious situation with
dangerous voltages, because the fault currents
through earth may be of the same level as the
short circuit current. The protection is imple-
mented as single-stage, tripping protection. Two-
stage double short circuit protection is recom-
mended to be used if the lines of the network are
close to each other and the earth resistance is
small.
A possible DC component does not have to be
considered in the current setting, because due to
the peak-to-peak measurement method used,
asymmetry does not affect the sensitivity of the
start operation.
Definite time operation has been used in the
example, but inverse time characteristic can also
be selected for the stages I> and I
0
>, see example
3.1.
The phase discontinuity stage I> operates with
a tripping function when used for protecting the
overhead lines of the network against phase
discontinuity. The phase discontinuity protec-
tion can be used irrespective of earthing princi-
ple. Health and safety is an important consid-
eration for protecting against phase discontinu-
ity faults. An example can be a broken phase
wire that has fallen down on such a place that the
resistance towards earth is very high. The earth-
fault protection alone is not able to detect the
fault and thus the voltage is not disconnected. In
cable networks where phase discontinuity does
not cause dangerous situations the I stage can
be given an alarming function. The phase dis-
continuity protection is of special importance in
overhead lines.
In the resonant earthed network illustrated in
this example the relay module SPCS 2D26 is
used for the directional earth-fault protection of
the feeders.
Directional earth fault relays should also be used
when the network is often changed or when
high sensitivity is to be achieved. A directional
earth-fault relay allows earth faults with fault
resistances of several thousand ohms to be de-
tected in overhead lines. Changes in the exten-
sion of the network due to variations in the
network configuration do not cause inselectivity,
because the direction of the earth fault current
of a faulty feeder is opposite to the earth fault
current of a healthy feeder.
In the SPAA 341 type relay the directional earth
fault protection uses the sensitive neutral cur-
rent input; the rated values are 0.2 A / 1 A.
The basic angle of the relay module SPCS 2D26
can be set at 0, -30, -60 or -90. If the network
to be protected is resonant earthed or earthed via
a resistor, the basic angle should be set at 0.
When an isolated neutral system is protected the
basic angle is set at -90. It is also possible to use
an external control signal BS1 or BS2 for select-
ing the basic angle (0/-90) to be automatically
determined by the earthing situation of the
network. When the control voltage is connected,
the basic angle
b
= 0.
The start value of the low-set stage of the earth-
fault relay module should be set low enough to
fulfil the sensitivity requirements of the safety
regulations. The requirements regarding oper-
ate times are mainly fulfilled by the operation of
the high-set stage I
02
>.
The most convenient way of verifying the direc-
tional operation is by testing.
Directional or non-
directional earth-fault
relay module
SPCS 2D26
17
Auto-reclose relay
module SPCT 5D54
The auto-reclose relay module SPCT 5D54
enables different types of auto-reclosing. An
auto-reclose sequence is initiated either by a
start signal or by a trip signal.
In this example two auto-reclosures initiated by
the start of the protection are carried out. The
auto-reclosures are subject to a preset start delay
time starting from the start of the protection
relay module. The first auto-reclosure is delayed
only slightly to avoid unwanted auto-reclosures.
Shot 1 is a high-speed auto-reclosure (short dead
time) mainly used for extinguishing the arc at
the fault place. Before the second shot is initi-
ated, a longer start delay time is used to attempt
to burn the fault. The dead time of shot 2 is long,
a so called slow-speed auto-reclosure that typi-
cally lasts minutes. Should the fault still persist
when shot 2 has been performed, final CB
tripping (6) will follow and a DEF.TRIP alarm
signal is received (red indicator + contact alarms).
The operate time of the protection relay module
is longer than the start times of the auto-reclose
module and the final trip time. Thus the relay
module operates as a back-up for the auto-
reclose module, if the tripping carried out by the
auto-reclose module fails.
An auto-reclose sequence can also be initiated
by the trip signal of a protection relay module,
see example 3.1.
Fig. 7. An auto-reclose sequence, when AR initiated by the start signal.
Information about the status of the arc-suppres-
sion coil circuit breaker can be wired to the relay
as contact data and then, for instance, switching
to the second settings is possible when the status
changes.
The freely programmable output relay matrix of
the relay modules of the SPAA 341 C feeder
protection relay enables separate contact alarms
for overcurrent and earth fault.
The CBCS output contact can be used for
implementing two-pole CB closing. Should two-
pole CB opening be required as well, the trip
contacts TS2 and TS3 can be used for this
purpose. Single-pole circuit breaker control is
used in the example.
When operating, the circuit-breaker failure pro-
tection (CBFP) trips the circuit breaker of the
infeeder. The operation of the circuit-breaker
failure protection is described in the section
"Circuit breaker failure protection".
I / I0 fault
I>/I01> start
I>/I01> trip
Circuit breaker
OPEN signal
CLOSE signal
Alarm Def.Trip
Display and
operation indicator
0,1 s
HSAR 0,3 s
0,3 s
LSAR 120 s
0,2 s
1 2 6
DEF.
TRIP
18
In the case described in example 1 the switches
of feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C can be
configured as follows:
Configuration of SPCJ 4D28
Switch- Serial comm. Checksum Operation
group parameter
SGF1 S53 000 Definite time operation
SGF2 S54 000 All stages operate, automatic resetting of start
indicators
SGF3 S55 000 I stage operates, resetting time of I> & I
0
> = 40 ms
SGF4 S56 016 No self-holding for TS signals, the TS2 signal starts
the circuit-beaker failure protection
SGF5 S57 008 Signal TS2 controls the TRIP LED
SGF6 S58 004 Auto-reclosure (AR1) initiated by the I>> start signal
SGF7 S59 001 Auto-reclosure (AR2) initiated by the I> start signal
SGF8 S60 000 No auto-reclosures from the I
0
stages
SGB1 S61 000 No blocking/control by the BS1 signal
SGB3 S63 032 Operation indicators reset by CB closing
SGR1 S64 000 I> start not linked to the output contacts
SGR2 S65 008 I> trip linked to trip contact TS2
SGR3 S66 000 I>> start not linked to the output contacts
SGR4 S67 008 I>> trip linked to trip contact TS2
SGR5 S68 001 I>>> start linked to alarm contact SS1
SGR6 S69 000 I>>> trip not linked to output contacts
SGR7 S70 000 I
0
> start not linked to output contacts
SGR8 S71 008 I
0
> trip linked to trip contact TS2
SGR9 S72 000 I
0
>> start not linked to output contacts
SGR10 S73 008 I
0
>> trip linked to trip contact TS2
SGR11 S74 008 I>trip linked to output contacts TS2
19
Configuration of SPCS 2D26
group parameter
SGF1 S49 003 Earth-fault stages I
01
> & I
02
> operate in forward
direction, basic angle
b
= 0
SGF2 S50 000 Resetting time of stages I
01
/U
01
= 80 ms,
rated voltage of U
0
= 100 V, = 80
SGF3 S51 008 Signal TS2 controls TRIP LED
SGF4 S52 016 U
0
deblocking criterion in use, TS2 starts
the circuit-breaker failure protection
SGF5 S53 080 Auto-reclose sequence (AR3) initiated by I
01
> start
and I
02
> start
SGB3 S56 016 Operation indicators reset by CB closing
SGR1 S57 000 U
0b
> start not linked to the output contacts
SGR2 S58 000 U
0b
> trip not linked to output contacts
SGR3 S59 000 I
01
> start not linked to the output contacts
SGR4 S60 008 I
01
> trip linked to trip contact TS2
SGR5 S61 000 I
02
> start not linked to output contacts
SGR6 S62 008 I
02
> trip linked to trip contacts TS2
20
Configuration of SPCT 5D54
Setting Serial comm. Value Operation
parameter
Shot 1 1S2, 1S3, 1S4 1, 1, 1 AR1 - AR3 initiates shot 1
1S6, 1S7, 1S8 0,1 s Start delay times of shot 1
1S1 0,3 s Dead time shot 1
Shot 2 2S2, 2S3, 2S4 1, 1, 1 AR1 - AR3 initiates shot 2
2S6, 2S7, 2S8 0,3 s Start delay times of shot 2
2S1 120 s Dead time shot 2
Final trip 6S2, 6S3, 6S4 1, 1, 1 Final trip initiated by AR1 - AR3
6S6, 6S7, 6S8 0,2 s Operate times of final trip
group parameter
SGF1 S2 007 Shot 1 & 2 initiated by the start of the protection
SGF2 S3 000 No synchrocheck function, maintenance monitor
alarming
SGF3 S4 039 DEF.TRIP indicator is lit, when DEF.TRIP AR1,
AR2, AR3 or CBFAIL are activated
SGB1 S7 000 No blockings in use
SGR1 S10 000 Signal "AR1 in progress" not linked to output contact
SGR6 S15 016 Def trip AR1 linked to SS3
SGR9 S18 000 Def trip AR4 not linked to output contact
SGR10 S19 008 CB opening linked to TS2
SGR11 S20 004 CBFAIL linked to SS2
21
Fig. 8. The above diagram illustrates the configuration of the internal signals from the application
example 1.1 for the SPAA 341 C.
Note! The above configuration are not factory default settings.
I
>
I
>
>
SPCJ 4D28 (U1)
I
L
1
,
I
L
2
,
I
L
3
I
o
B
I
o
U
o
B
S
1
B
S
2
C
B
P
O
S
A
R
I
N
H
I
>
>
>
I
o
>
I
o
>
>
I
>
t
>
t
1
>
t
2
>
U
o
b
>
S
S
1

(
b
l
o
c
k
.
)
T
S
1

(
C
B
F
P
)
S
S
2

(
C
B
F
A
I
L
)
T
S
2

(
T
R
I
P
)
S
S
3

(
O
C

a
l
a
r
m
)
T
S
3
C
B
C
S
S
S
4

(
E
F

a
l
a
r
m
)
t
>
>
>
S
G
F
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
S
G
F
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
S
G
F
8
S
G
F
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
I
o
1
>
U
o
1
>
I
o
2
>
U
o
2
>
SGR11
SGR9
SGR7
SGR5
SGR3
SGR1
SGR10
SGR8
SGR6
SGR4
SGR2
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
SGB1 12346
SGB2 1234
SGB3 1234
&
&
I
o
1
>

/
U
o
1
>
I
o
2
>

/
U
o
2
>
S
G
F
1
/
8
SGB1 123
SGB2 123
SGB3 123
SGR3
SGR1
SGR4
SGR2
2 134567
SGR6
SGR5 2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
2 134567
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
S
G
F
5
S
G
F
5
A
R
2
A
R
1
A
R
3
S
S
1
T
S
1
S
S
2
T
S
2
S
S
3
T
S
3
S
S
4
SPCS 2D26 (U2)
SGR1 2 134567
SGR2 2 134567
SGR3 2 134567
SGR4 2 134567
SGR5 2 134567
SGR6 2 134567
SGR7 2 134567
SGR8 2 134567
SGR9 2 134567
SGR10 2 134567
SGR11 2 134567
0

-
>

I
AR1
AR2
AR3
AR4
A
R
2
A
R
1
A
R
3
SGB1 123
SGB2 123
ARSYNC
CINH
CBPOS
ARINH
CBCS
Shot 1 due
CBOS
Def trip AR4
Def trip AR3
Def trip AR2
Def trip AR1
Shot 2 due
CBFAIL
Shot 5 due
Shot 4 due
Shot 3 due
1
3
1
2
X
2
4
3
X
2
1
1
1
0
X
2
2
1
X
2
8
7
X
2
1
6
1
5
X
1
6
5
X
2
1
4
1
3
X
1
1
2
1
1
9
SPCT 5D54 (U3)
R
R
E
S
S
P
A
A

3
4
1

C
t
b
>
t
>
t
>
>
t
o
>
t
o
>
>

(modified 96-11)
22
Example 1.2.
Overcurrent and
earth-fault protec-
tion of an infeeder
cubicle, resonant
earthed network.
Fig. 9. Feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C1 used for protecting an infeeder cubicle in a resonant
earthed network.
IRF
U6
BS1
BS2
SS1
SS2
SS3
SS4
TS1
TS2
TS3
SPAA 341 C1
B
S
1
B
S
2
C
B
P
O
S
A
R
I
N
H
A
R
C
T
R
L
X
1
/
1
X
1
/
2
X
1
/
3
X
1
/
4
X
1
/
5
X
1
/
6
X
1
/
7
X
1
/
8
X
1
/
9
X
1
/
1
0
U4
I / O
IRF
SS1
SS2
SS3
SS4
TS1
TS2
TS3
I / O
U2 (SPCS 2D26)
U1 (SPCJ 4D28)
3I>
I
I>
U
I
0
RRES
BS1
BS2
RRES
X
0
/
1
X
0
/
2
X
0
/
3
X
0
/
3
7
X
0
/
3
8
X
0
/
3
9
X
0
/
2
8
X
0
/
2
9
X
0
/
2
5
X
0
/
2
6
5

A
X
0
/
4
X
0
/
5
X
0
/
6
X
0
/
7
X
0
/
8
X
0
/
9
1

A
5

A
5

A
1

A
5

A
1

A
1

A
0
.
2

A
I
L1
I
L2
I
L3
I
0B
U
0
I
0
1
2
0
/
1
1
0
/
1
0
0

V
X
0
/
2
7
+
-
U5
+
( ~ )( ~ )
U
aux
X0/61
X0/62
~
X1/16
I / O
IRF
X2/16
X2/15
X2/14
X2/12
X2/13
X2/8
X2/7
X2/11
X2/9
X2/10
X2/6
X2/5
X2/3
X2/4
X2/2
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
X1/14
X1/13
X1/12
X1/11
+
TS2
TS1
X1/15
TS3
SERIAL
PORT
X2/1
SS4
SS3
SS2
SS1
CBCS
X
0
/
6
3
1

A
+
0
I
-
-
0
+ +
I
L1
L2
L3
A
N
da
dn
-

23
The stages I> and I>>> of the overcurrent relay
module SPCJ 4D28 operate as two-stage back-
up protection for the outgoing feeders and the
busbar system and the I>> stage is used for the
short-circuit protection of the busbar system. If
a fault occurs on the feeder, the overcurrent
relay module of the outgoing feeder provides a
blocking signal to the overcurrent relay module
of the infeeder. Should the fault occur on the
busbar system no blocking signal will be issued
and the I>> stage of the overcurrent module of
the infeeder provides a trip signal to the infeeder
circuit breaker. Thus it is possible to use operate
times of 100 ms at busbar system faults. In the
same way the blocking arrangement can be
extended to include the HV side overcurrent
relay module of the main transformer.
The blocking circuit wiring is easily tested in the
Trip test mode of the relay modules. To test the
blocking circuit, the stage of the relay module
issuing the blocking signal is activated (see the
manual 34 SPC 3 "General characteristics of D-
type SPC relay modules") and then it is checked
from the display (register 0) of the relay module
to receive the blocking signal that it arrives
properly. When the I>>> stage of the overcur-
rent module of the feeder is started (signal SS1),
the right-most digit of register 0 will be 1 (=
blocking signal BS1 is activated).
The stages I
0
> and I
0
>> are used for protecting
the coil. Should the coil not be dimensioned for
continuous service, it can be designed so that
stage I
0
> has a signalling function and stage I
0
>>
a tripping function. The connection for measur-
ing the neutral current is illustrated in Fig. 9.
Auto-reclose functions are not used in the pro-
tection of the infeeder cubicle.
In a situation where the busbar circuit breaker is
closed and two main transformers are connected
in parallel, an external control signal can be used
for shifting to the second settings, where a short
operate time has been set for the short-circuit
protection. In a short-circuit situation the break-
ing capacity may not be sufficient and for this
reason tripping will be carried out by the circuit
breaker of the infeeder instead of the circuit
breaker of the feeder.
The back-up protection for the earth-fault pro-
tection of the network and the earth-fault pro-
tection of the busbar system can be imple-
mented using the U
0
protection based on three-
stage tripping. When operating the U
0b
> stage
disconnects the feeders most prone to earth
fault. After a preset time delay the U
01
> stage
disconnects the rest of the feeders and, finally,
the U
02
> stage opens the infeeder circuit breaker.
24
Example 2.1.
Overcurrent and
earth-fault protec-
tion of an outgoing
feeder in an isolated
neutral network.
Fig. 10. Feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C protecting an outgoing feeder in an isolated neutral
network
The protection of the outgoing feeder in the
isolated neutral network illustrated in Fig. 10 is
basically implemented in the same way as in the
resonant earthed network described in example
1.1.
The basic angle of the directional earth-fault
protection is set at -90. The rated current of the
energizing input is 1 A.
The same arrangement of blocking between the
protection levels as in example 1.1 can be
used.
U6
X
0
/
1
X
0
/
2
X
0
/
3
X
0
/
3
7
X
0
/
3
8
X
0
/
3
9
X
0
/
2
8
X
0
/
2
9
X
0
/
2
5
X
0
/
2
6
5

A
X
0
/
4
X
0
/
5
X
0
/
6
X
0
/
7
X
0
/
8
X
0
/
9
1

A
5

A
1

A
5

A
1

A
5

A
1

A
1

A
0
.
2

A
I
L1
I
L2
I
L3
I
0B
U
0
I
0
1
0
0
/
1
1
0
/
1
2
0

V
A
N
da
dn
L1
L2
L3
X
0
/
2
7
S1
S_
P1
P2
25
Example 2.2.
Overcurrent and
earth-fault protec-
tion of an infeeder
cubicle in an neutral
isolated network.
As in example 1.2 three-stage residual voltage
protection is used for the main earth-fault pro-
tection of the busbar system and for back-up of
the earth-fault protection of the network.
The short-circuit protection, too, can be imple-
mented in the same way as in example 1.2.
Fig. 11. Feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C1 used for the protection of an infeeder cubicle in a
neutral isolated network.
U6
X
0
/
1
X
0
/
2
X
0
/
3
X
0
/
3
7
X
0
/
3
8
X
0
/
3
9
X
0
/
2
8
X
0
/
2
9
X
0
/
2
5
X
0
/
2
6
5

A
X
0
/
4
X
0
/
5
X
0
/
6
X
0
/
7
X
0
/
8
X
0
/
9
1

A
5

A
1

A
5

A
1

A
5

A
1

A
1

A
0
.
2

A
I
L1
I
L2
I
L3
I
0B
U
0
I
0
1
0
0
/
1
1
0
/
1
2
0

V
L1
L2
L3
X
0
/
2
7
A
N
da
dn
26
Example 3.1.
Overcurrent and
earth-fault protec-
tion of a feeder in
a low-resistance
earthed network.
U6
X
0
/
1
X
0
/
2
X
0
/
3
X
0
/
3
7
X
0
/
3
8
X
0
/
3
9
X
0
/
2
8
X
0
/
2
9
X
0
/
2
5
X
0
/
2
6
5

A
X
0
/
4
X
0
/
5
X
0
/
6
X
0
/
7
X
0
/
8
X
0
/
9
1

A
5

A
1

A
5

A
1

A
5

A
1

A
1

A
0
.
2

A
I
L1
I
L2
I
L3
I
0B
U
0
I
0
1
0
0
/
1
1
0
/
1
2
0

V
L1
L2
L3
X
0
/
2
7
Fig. 12. Feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C used for protecting a feeder in a network earthed
through a resistor.
Both overcurrent protection and earth-fault pro-
tection are based on inverse time operation in
the example. This means that the operate time is
inversely proportional to the current.
The earth-fault protection has three protection
stages: an inverse time stage and a definite time
stage provided by the module SPCJ 4D28 and
a sensitive earth-fault stage provided by the
module SPCS 2D26. The operate time is long
(10...15 s) which means that the virtual neutral
current occuring at a short circuit does not cause
unwanted operations. The sensitive neutral cur-
rent stage is not used for initiating auto-reclosing.
In this example the earth-fault relay module
SPCS 2D26 is used as non-directional protec-
tion. In a situation with great capacitive earth-
fault currents directional earth-fault protection
is recommended.
The same blocking arrangement as in example 1
can be used between the different protection
levels.
27
In example 3.1 auto-reclosing is initiated by the
trip signal of a protection relay module. When
the set dead time elapses, the auto-reclose mod-
ule closes the circuit breaker and, simultane-
ously, a discriminating time (td) is started. Nor-
mally, this discriminating time is shorter than
the operate time of the protection relay module,
so the sequence is allowed to continue with the
second shot, the third shot, and so on, until the
selected sequence has been completed or the
fault has disappeared.
Should the fault become more serious during
the sequence (the short circuit current or the
earth fault current increases), the operate time of
the protection relay module shortens. When
the operate time is shorter than the discriminat-
ing time td, the auto-reclose sequence will not
continue, but the circuit breaker remains open
after the trip signal has been received from the
protection relay module, and a DEF.TRIP alarm
will be received from the auto-reclose module.
I>/I0 fault
I>/I01 start
I>/I01 trip
Circuit breaker
Alarm Def.Trip
Display and
operation indicator
CLOSE signal
1. AR 2. AR
1 2
DEF.
TRIP
Oper.time
td
td
7
3. AR
7 3
Fig. 13. An auto-reclose sequence, when auto-reclosing is initiated by a trip signal.
28
Example 3.2.
Overcurrent and
earth-fault protec-
tion of an infeeder
cubicle in a resist-
ance earthed
network.
(modified 95-11)
U6
X
0
/
1
X
0
/
2
X
0
/
3
X
0
/
3
7
X
0
/
3
8
X
0
/
3
9
X
0
/
2
8
X
0
/
2
9
X
0
/
2
5
X
0
/
2
6
5

A
X
0
/
4
X
0
/
5
X
0
/
6
X
0
/
7
X
0
/
8
X
0
/
9
1

A
5

A
1

A
5

A
1

A
5

A
1

A
1

A
0
.
2

A
I
L1
I
L2
I
L3
I
0B
U
0
I
0
1
0
0
/
1
1
0
/
1
2
0

V
L1
L2
L3
X
0
/
2
7
Fig. 14. Feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C3 used for the protection of an infeeder cubicle in a
resistance earthed network.
As in example 3.1 inverse time operation has
been used both for the overcurrent protection
and the earth-fault protection of the infeeder
cubicle and the busbar system.
The earth-fault protection (SPCJ 4D28) is non-
directional and has been arranged so that the
neutral current is measured via a current trans-
former in the neutral earthing circuit on the LV
side of the power transformer. No auto-reclosures
are used.
29
Testing The relay should be subject to regular tests in
accordance with national regulations and in-
structions. The manufacturer recommends an
interval of five years between the tests.
The test should be carried out as a primary test,
which includes the whole protection arrange-
ment from the instrument transformers to the
circuit breakers.
The test can also be carried out as a secondary
injection test. Then the relay has to be discon-
nected during the test procedure. However, it is
recommended to check the condition of the
signal and trip circuits as well.
Note!
Make sure that the secondary circuits of the
current transformers under no condition open
or are open, when the relay is disconnected and
during the test procedure.
The test is recommended to be carried out using
the normal setting values of the relay and the
energizing inputs used. When required, the test
can be extended to include more setting values.
As the settings of the relay modules vary in
different applications, these instructions present
the general features of the test procedure. Ordi-
nary current and voltage supply units and in-
struments for measuring current, voltage and
time can be used for the tests.
During the test procedure the relay records
currents, voltages and relay operations. If the
recorded data are used for the collection of
information for longer time periods (for exam-
ple, AR counters), these registers should be read
before the test procedure is started. After the test
the registers are reset and, if required, the read-
ings of the AR counters can be restored.
The relay settings may have to be changed
during testing. A PC program is recommended
to be used to read the relay settings before
starting the test to make sure that the original
settings are being restored when the test has
been completed.
The protection stages used (I>, I>>, I>>>, I
0
>,
I
0
>> and I>) are tested as follows:
- start value (the high-set stages for all three
phases)
- start time
- trip time
- trip indication, output relay operation and
signalling
- circuit breaker failure protection (CBFP)
Testing of over-
current and earth
fault relay module
SPCJ 4D28
General
Test the start value by gradually raising the
current, starting from zero, until the relay starts.
Record the current value required for starting.
The value should be within the permitted toler-
ances.
If the resetting value is to be tested as well, start
by raising the current until the relay starts and
then reduce the current until the relay resets.
When multi-stage protection relays are tested
the operation of the low-set stages may be a
problem when the high-set stages are tested.
Then it is often necessary to block or delay the
operation of the low-set stages, to be able to test
the operation of a high-set stage. In such a case
it is recommended to start from the highest stage
and then proceed to the lower stages. The ad-
vantage of this method is that the original set-
tings of the stages really are restored, because
otherwise the test cannot be carried out success-
fully.
Start value
Switch a current 2...2.5 times the setting value
of the protection stage to the relay. Measure the
operate time, i.e. the time from the closing of the
switch until the relay operates. The operate time
should be within the permitted tolerances, ex-
cept when the injected current is below 2 times
the setting value. In such a case the protective
algorithm adds about 20 ms to the operate
times.
When inverse times are measured the measure-
ment can be made with different supply cur-
rents, for example, 2 times and 10 times the
setting value, if required. The resetting time can
be measured from opening of the current switch
until resetting of the relay.
Start and trip times
30
Testing of
directional earth-
fault relay module
SPCS 2D26
General
Testing of the protection stages in use (U
0b
>,
U
01
>/I
01
> and U
02
>/I
02
>) includes:
- start value(s)
- start time
- trip time
- trip indication, output relay operation and
signalling
- circuit breaker failure protection (CBFP)
Measure the start value of the U
0b
> stage by
gradually raising the voltage, starting from zero,
until the relay starts. Record the voltage value
required for starting. The value should be within
the permitted tolerances.
Test the stages U
01
>/I
01
> and U
02
>/I
02
> in the
same way as the U
0b
> stage, if they are pro-
grammed to operate as U
0
stages. Otherwise
current and voltage should be fed to the relay
simultaneously. Start by setting the voltage above
the setting value and raise the current until the
relay starts. Record the value of the start current.
Then set the current at a value above the setting
value and raise the voltage until the relay starts.
Record the value of the start voltage.
The operation of the U
01
>/I
01
> stage and U
02
>/
I
02
> stage can be directional or non-directional.
If directional operation has been selected for the
stage the phase angle between the current and
voltage to be applied to the relay has to be equal
to the basic angle selected for the relay, to enable
relay operation. The directional operation can
be tested by setting the current and voltage
above their setting values and changing the
phase angle until the relay starts and resets.
To measure the resetting values use a current
and voltage above the setting values. Then de-
crease the current, voltage and phase angle until
the relay resets.
Start value
Switch a voltage and/or a current about 2...2.5
times the setting value of the protection stage to
the relay. Measure the operate time, i.e. the time
from closing the switch until the relay operates.
The operate times should be within the permit-
ted tolerances, except when the injected current
is below 2 times the setting value. In such a case
the protective algorithm adds about 20 ms to the
operate times. The resetting time is the time
from the opening of the current switch until the
relay resets.
Start and trip times
Testing of the auto-reclose relay module in-
cludes:
- initiation of auto-reclosure
- output relay operation
- timers
- alarm indication
Testing of auto-
reclose relay module
SPCT 5D54
The operation of the auto-reclose module is
recommended to be tested together with the
overcurrent and earth-fault relay modules. Al-
ways when an overcurrent stage or an earth-fault
stage has been tested, the operation of the same
stage should be tested with the auto-reclose
module. The most convenient way is to use a
circuit breaker for the testing and then connect
the current to be applied to the relay over the
contact of the circuit breaker. The test can also
be carried out without using the circuit breaker.
Then the required configuration is selected in
the auto-reclose relay module (SGF2/7=1).
Start the test by closing the circuit breaker and
wait for the possible reclaim time to elapse.
Connect the energizing current/voltage and al-
low the relay to run the entire AR sequence.
Depending on the configuration the sequence
may include one or several AR shots and ends in
definite tripping performed by a protection
relay module or the auto-reclose module (final
trip function).
During the auto-reclose sequence no actions
that could interrupt the sequence or cause an
alarm signal are allowed. Depending on the
configurations definite tripping will provide an
alarm signal (DEFTRIP).
Testing of auto-reclose
sequence
31
Maintenance and
repairs
When the feeder protection relay is used under
the conditions specified in "Technical data", the
relay requires practically no maintenance. The
feeder protection includes no parts or compo-
nents that are sensitive to physical or electrical
wear under normal operating conditions.
Should the temperature and humidity at the
operating site differ from the values specified, or
the atmosphere contain chemically active gases
or dust, the relay should be visually inspected in
association with the secondary testing of the
relay. This visual inspection should focus on:
- Signs of mechanical damage to relay case and
terminals
- Collection of dust inside the relay case; remove
with compressed air
- Signs of corrosion on terminals, case or inside
the relay
If the relay malfunctions or the operating values
differ from those specified, the relay should be
overhauled. Minor measures can be taken by
the customer but any major repair involving the
electronics has to be carried out by the manufac-
turer. Please contact the manufacturer or his
nearest representative for further information
about checking, overhaul and recalibration of
the relay.
The protection relay contains circuits sensitive
to electrostatic discharge. If you have to with-
draw a relay module, ensure that you are at the
same potential as the module, for instance, by
touching the case.
Note!
Protective relays are measuring instruments and
should be handled with care and protected
against moisture and mechanical stress, espe-
cially during transport.
Spare parts Combined overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28
Directional earth-fault relay module SPCS 2D26
Auto-reclose relay module SPCT 5D54
Power supply modules
- U = 80...265 V ac/dc (operative range) SPGU 240A1
- U = 18...80 V dc (operative range) SPGU 48B2
I/O module SPTR 9B25
Case (including connection module) SPTK 8B17
Bus connection module SPA-ZC 17_
SPA-ZC 21_
Delivery
alternatives
Type Equipment SPCJ SPCS SPCT
4D28 2D26 5D54
SPAA 341 C Basic version, including all relay modules x x x
SPAA 341 C1 Basic version excluding AR relay module x x
SPAA 341 C2 Basic version excluding earth-fault relay module x x
SPAA 341 C3 Basic version excluding earth-fault relay module x
and AR relay module
SPAA 341 C4 Basic version excluding overcurrent relay module x x
SPAA 341 C5 Basic version excluding overcurrent relay module x
and AR relay module
Delivery alternatives of feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C
32
Order numbers Feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C without test adapter:
RS 614 080-AA, CA, DA, FA
Feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C with test adapter RTXP 18:
RS 614 280-AA, CA, DA, FA
The letter combinations of the order number denote the rated frequency f
n
and
auxiliary voltage U
aux
of the protection relay:
AA: f
n
= 50 Hz and U
aux
= 80...265 V ac/dc
CA: f
n
= 50 Hz and U
aux
= 18...80 V dc
DA: f
n
= 60 Hz and U
aux
= 80...265 V ac/dc
FA: f
n
= 60 Hz and U
aux
= 18...80 V dc
Dimension
drawings and
mounting
The basic model of the protection relay case is
designed for flush-mounting. When required,
the mounting depth of the case can be reduced
by using raising frames: type SPA-ZX 301 re-
duces the depth by 40 mm, type SPA-ZX 302
by 80 mm and type SPA-ZX 303 by 120 mm.
When projecting mounting is preferred a relay
case type SPA-ZX 317 is used. The relay case for
projecting mounting is provided with front
connectors.
Raising frame
SPA-ZX 301
SPA-ZX 302
SPA-ZX 303
219
179
139
74
114
154
a b
226
1
6
2
1
3
6
229
293
259
30
34
a b
Panel cut-out
214 1
1
3
9

1
Fig. 15. Dimension and mounting drawings for feeder protection relay SPAA 341 C.
33
The relay case is made of profile aluminium and
finished in beige.
The rubber gasket fitted to the mounting collar
provides an IP 54 degree of protection by enclo-
sure between the relay case and the mounting
base.
The hinged cover of the case is made of transpar-
ent, UV-stabilized polycarbonate polymer and
provided with two sealable locking screws. The
rubber gasket of the cover provides an IP 54
degree of protection between the case and the
cover.
The required input and output connections are
made to the screw terminals on the rear panel.
Terminal block X0 consists of screw terminals
fitted to the rear panel of the relay. The terminal
blocks X1 and X2 are provided with discon-
nectable multi-pole screw terminals. The male
parts of the disconnectable terminal blocks are
attached to the I/O module. The female parts
are included in the delivery. The female part can
be locked to the male part with fixing accessories
and screws.
Measured data, auxiliary voltage and protective
earth are wired to the terminal block X0. Each
terminal screw is dimensioned for one wire of
maximum 6 mm
2
or two wires of maximum 2.5
mm
2
.
Binary input and output signals are connected
to the multi-pole terminal blocks X1 and X2.
Each screw terminal is dimensioned for one wire
of maximum 1.5 mm
2
or two wires of maxi-
mum 0.75 mm
2
.
The 9-pole D-type connector is intended for
serial communication.
The bus connection modules (SPA-ZC 17, -21
or -22) and fibre-optic cables recommended by
the manufacturer should always be used for
serial communication.
Order data
Example
1. Number and type designation 10 SPAA 341 C units
2. Order number RS 614 080 -AA
3. Rated frequency f
n
= 50 Hz
4. Auxiliary voltage U
aux
= 110 V dc
5. Accessories 10 bus connection modules SPA-ZC 17 MM2A
6. Special requirements -
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCJ 4D28
TRIP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
L1 L2 L3 o
IRF
3 > I
I
I I I I
>
n
I I
/
k
n
>> I I
/
k
0
n 0
> I I
/
0
0
2
3
A
n
I
/
I >> >
>> t [ ] s
s t >> > [ ]
s
0
> t [ ]
0
t s [ ]
n 0
I I
/
>>
> t [ ] s
> t [ ] s
> I
>>
% [ ]
SPCJ 4D28
Overcurrent and earth-fault relay module
2
SPCJ 4D28
Overcurrent and earth-fault
relay module
Contents Characteristics ................................................................................................................ 2
Description of function .................................................................................................. 3
Overcurrent unit ....................................................................................................... 3
Earth-fault unit.......................................................................................................... 3
Filter characteristics of the measuring inputa ............................................................. 4
Phase discontinuity unit ............................................................................................ 4
Circuit breaker failure protection unit ....................................................................... 4
Output signals ........................................................................................................... 4
Auto-reclose start initiation signals ............................................................................ 5
Second settings .......................................................................................................... 5
Resetting ................................................................................................................... 5
Block diagram................................................................................................................. 6
Front panel ..................................................................................................................... 7
Operation indicators ....................................................................................................... 8
Settings (modified 1999-10) ............................................................................................ 9
Measured data .............................................................................................................. 16
Recorded information................................................................................................... 17
Menu chart ................................................................................................................... 20
Time/current characteristic curves (modified 2002-05) ................................................. 22
Technical data .............................................................................................................. 30
Serial communication parameters ................................................................................. 31
Event codes ............................................................................................................. 31
Remote transfer data................................................................................................ 33
Fault codes.................................................................................................................... 38
Characteristics Low-set overcurrent stage I> with definite time
or inverse definite time characteristic, the latter
with six selectable inverse-time curves.
High-set overcurrent stage I>> with definite
time characteristic. The high-set stage can be set
out of operation.
Superhigh-set overcurrent stage I>>> with defi-
nite time characteristic. The superhigh-set stage
can be set out of operation.
Low-set neutral overcurrent stage I
0
> with defi-
nite time or inverse definite time characteristic,
the latter with six selectable inverse-time curves.
High-set neutral current stage I
0
>> with defi-
nite time characteristic. The high-set stage can
be set out of operation.
Phase discontinuity stage with definite time
characteristic. The phase discontinuity stage
can be set out of operation.
Output relay matrix allowing any start or trip
signal from the protection stages to be routed to
the desired output relay.
Flexible configuration of auto-reclose start ini-
tiation signals.
Local display of measured and set values and
data recorded at the moment of a fault. Reading
and writing of setting values either via local
display and front panel push-buttons or from
higher-level systems over the serial interface and
the fibre-optic bus.
Self-supervision system continuously monitor-
ing the operation of the electronics and the
microprocessor. When a permanent fault is de-
tected the alarm output relay operates and the
other relay outputs are blocked.
1MRS 750093-MUM EN
Issued 1995-05-04
Modified 2002-05-15
Version E (replaces 34 SPCJ 18 EN1)
Checked MK
Approved OL
3
Description of
operation
Overcurrent unit
The overcurrent unit of the combined overcur-
designed to be used for single-phase, two-phase
and three-phase overcurrent protection. The
overcurrent unit includes three overcurrent
stages: a low-set stage I>, a high-set stage I>> and
a superhigh-set stage I>>>.
An overcurrent stage starts if the current on one
or more of the phases exceeds the set start value
of the concerned stage. On starting the stage
provides a start signal which can be routed to the
desired output relay. At the same time a numeri-
cal code indicating starting appears on the dis-
play. Should the duration of the overcurrent
situation exceed the set operate time of the stage
at definite time operation or, at inverse time
operation of stage I>, a time depending on the
level of the measured current, the stage operates
issuing an operate signal, which can be routed to
the desired output relay.
The operation of the overcurrent stages I> and
I>> can be inhibited by an external control
signal BS1, BS2 or RRES(BS3) applied to the
relay module. The external blocking signals are
configured with switchgroups SGB1...3.
The operation of the overcurrent stage I> can be
based on definite time or inverse time character-
istic. When inverse time characteristic is se-
lected four internationally standardized and two
special type time/current curves are available.
Both the mode of operation and the desired
time/current curve is selected with switchgroup
SGF1.
Note! At inverse time characteristic the effective
setting range of the low-set overcurrent stage is
0.52.5 x I
n
, although start current settings
within the range 2.55.0 x I
n
can be set on the
relay. At inverse time characteristic any start
current setting above 2.5 x I
n
of the low-set stage
will be regarded as being equal to 2.5 x I
n
.
If the high-set stage I>> is given a setting from
the lower part of the the setting range, the relay
module will contain two nearly identical opera-
tion stages. In this case the relay module SPCJ
4D28 can be used in two-stage load shedding
applications.
The set start current value I>>/I
n
of stage I>>
can be automatically doubled in a start situa-
tion, i.e. when the object to be protected is
connected to the network. Thus a set start
current value below the connection inrush cur-
rent level may be selected for the overcurrent
stage I>>. A start situation is defined as a situa-
tion where the phase currents rise from a value
below 0.12 x I> to a value above 1.5 x I> in less
than 60 ms. The start situation ends when the
currents fall below 1.25 x I>.
The I>> stage or the I>>> stage can be set out of
operation completely, if not needed. When an
overcurrent stage is set out of operation the set
start current of the stage is displayed with three
dashes "- - -".
The inverse time function of stage I> can be
inhibited, when stage I>> or stage I>>> is start-
ing, in which case the operate time is deter-
mined by these stages.
Earth-fault unit The earth-fault unit of the combined overcur-
provided with two protection stages: a low-set
neutral overcurrent stage I
0
> and a high-set
neutral overcurrent stage I
0
>>.
The low-set stage or the high-set stage starts, if
the neutral or residual current measured exceeds
the set start current of the concerned stage. On
starting the stage provides a start signal, which
can be routed to the desired output relay. At the
same time a numerical code indicating starting
appears on the display. Should the duration of
the neutral overcurrent situation exceed the set
operate time of the stage at definite time opera-
tion or, at inverse time operation of stage I
0
>, a
time depending on the level of the measured
current, the stage operates issuing an operate
signal, which can be routed to the desired out-
put relay.
The operation of the overcurrent stages I
0
> and
I
0
>> can be inhibited by an external control
signal BS1, BS2 or RRES(BS3) applied to the
relay module. The external blocking signals are
configured with switchgroups SGB1...3.
The operation of the low-set stage I
0
> can be
based on definite time or inverse time character-
istic. When inverse time characteristic is se-
lected four internationally standardized and two
special type time/current curves are available.
Both the mode of operation and the desired
time/current curve is selected with switchgroup
SGF1.
The I
0
>> stage can be set out of operation
completely, if not needed. When a neutral over-
current stage is set out of operation the set start
current of the stage is displayed with three
dashes "- - -".
The inverse time function of stage I
0
> can be
inhibited, when stage I
0
>> is starting, in which
case the operate time is determined by stage
I
0
>>.
4
Filter characteristics
of the measuring
inputs
A low-pass filter suppresses the harmonics of the
phase currents and the earth-fault current meas-
ured by the module. Figure 1 shows the signal
suppression as a function of the frequency.
dB 10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
f / f n
Fig. 1. Filter characteristics of the measuring
inputs of the module SPCJ 4D28
Phase discontinuity
protection unit
SPCJ 4D28 is provided with a phase disconti-
nuity protection unit which monitors the mini-
mum and maximum phase currents. The differ-
ence between these currents is calculated from
the expression I = (I
max
-I
min
)/I
max
x 100%. The
phase discontinuity protection is not in use
when the measured currents fall below 0.1 x I
n
.
The phase discontinuity protection stage starts,
if the current difference exceeds the set start
current I of the stage. Should the duration of
the phase discontinuity situation exceed the set
operate time t> of the stage the stage operates
issuing an operate signal, which can be routed to
the desired output relay. At the same time a red
operation indicator code is lit on the display.
The phase discontinuity protection stage can be
set out of operation completely, if not needed.
When the stage is set out of operation the set
start current is displayed with three dashes "- - -".
The operation of the phase discontinuity pro-
tection stage can be inhibited by an external
control signal BS1 applied to the relay module.
The external blocking signal is configured with
switch SGB1/6.
Circuit breaker
failure protection
unit
SPCJ 4D28 is provided with a circuit breaker
failure protection unit (CBFP) which provides a
trip signal TS1 within 0.1...1 s after the trip
signal TS2, TS3 or TS4 has been delivered,
provided the fault still persists after the time has
elapsed. The CBFP normally controls the cir-
cuit breaker which precedes the circuit breaker
in question. The CBFP can also be used to
establish a redundant trip system by using two
trip coils in the circuit breaker and controlling
one of the coils with TS2, TS3 or TS4 and the
other with TS1. The switches SGF4/5...7 are
used for activating the circuit breaker failure
protection. The operate time is set in submenu
5 of register A.
Output signals Switchgroups SGR1...11 are used for routing
the start or trip signals of any protection stage
to the desired start outputs SS1...SS4 or trip
outputs TS...TS4.
The output signals TS1TS4 can be assigned
a self-holding function with switches SGF4/
14. In this case the output signal remains
active, although the signal that caused the op-
eration resets. The resetting functions are ex-
plained in paragraph "Resetting". The TRIP
indicator on the front panel can be set to be lit
on activation of any of the output signals. The
operation indicator remains lit after the output
signal has disappeared. The functions are se-
lected with switchgroup SGF5.
5
Auto-reclose start
initiation signals
The start signals AR1, AR2 and AR3 can be
used as start initiation signals for the desired
autoreclose shots. The initiation signal AR2 can
be programmed to be activated by the desired
start and operate signals of the overcurrent
module. The start signal AR3 can be programmed
to be activated by the desired start and operate
signals of the earth-fault module and the initia-
tion signal AR1 by the start and operate signals
of both the overcurrent module and the earth-
fault module.
Either the main settings or the second settings
can be selected as currently used settings. Switch-
ing between the main settings and the second
settings can be done in three different ways:
1) By command V150 over the serial communi-
cation bus
2) By an external control signal BS1, BS2 or
RRES (BS3)
3) Via the push-buttons of the relay module, see
submenu 4 of register A. When the value of
submenu 4 is 0 the main settings are used and
when the value of submenu 4 is 1 the second
settings are used.
The main and second settings can be read and
set via the serial bus using the S parameters.
Those settings only, which currently are used,
can be read and set with the push-buttons and
the display on the front panel. When the second
settings are used the indicators of the settings are
flashing.
Note!
If external control signals have been used for
selecting the main or second settings, it is not
possible to switch between the settings over the
serial bus or using the push-buttons on the front
panel.
Second settings
The LED operation indicators, the operation
code numbers of the display, the latched output
relays and the registers of the module can be
reset with the push-buttons on the front panel,
with an external control signal or by a command
via the serial bus, see table below.
Way of resetting Resetting of Unlatching of Erasing of
indicators output relays registers
RESET x
PROGRAM (dark display) x x
RESET & PROGRAM x x x
External control signal
BS1, BS2 or RRES (BS3),
when
SGB23/6 = 1 x
SGB_7/ = 1 x x
SGB_8/ = 1 x x x
Parameter V101 x x
Parameter V102 x x x
Resettings
6
Block diagram
Fig. 2. Block diagram for overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28
I
L1
, I
L2
, I
L3
Phase currents
I
0
Neutral current
BS1, BS2, RRES (BS3) External signals for blocking or resetting
SGF1..8 Selector switchgroups for relay functions
SGB1...3 Selector switchgroups for external control signals
SGR1...11 Selector switchgroups for configuration of output relays
SS1...SS4, TS1...TS4 Output signals
AR1, AR2, AR3 AR start initiation signal
TRIP Red operation indicator
Note!
All input and output signals of the relay module
are not necessarily wired to the terminals of each
protection relay containing the SPCJ 4D28
module. The signals wired to the terminals are
shown in the signal diagram of the concerned
protection relay.
I
I
2 x I>>
I
BS1
BS2
RRES
(BS3)
Imax - Imin
Imax
I
SGR 1 / x
SGR 2 / x
SGR 3 / x
SGR 4 / x
SGR 5 / x
SGR 6 / x
SGR 7 / x
SGR 8 / x
SGR 9 / x
SGR 10 / x
SGR 11 / x
0.1..1s
50 ms
Settings (main / 2nd)
Reset trip indicators
Reset trip indicators and output relays
Reset trip indicators, output relays and
registers
TRIP
RESET
TS2
4
RESET +
PROGRAM
TS4
8
RESET +
PROGRAM
TS3
6
RESET +
PROGRAM
SS1 1
TS1 2 1
RESET +
PROGRAM
SS2 3
SS3 5
SS4 7
AR1
AR2
AR3
I> start
I> trip
I>> start
I>> trip
I>>> start
I>>> trip
Io> start
Io> trip
Io>> start
Io>> trip
1
2
3
4
5
6
SGF 6 / x
SGF 7 / x
SGF 8 / 5...8
SGF 8 / 1...4 1, 5
2, 6
3, 7
4, 8
1.5 x I>
1.25 x I>
&
60 ms
SGB 13/5
SGB 23/6
SGB 13/7
SGB 13/8
SGB 3/4
SGB 2/4
SGB 1/4
SGB 3/3
SGB 2/3
SGB 1/3
SGB 3/2
SGB 2/2
SGB 1/2
SGB 3/1
SGB 2/1
SGB 1/1
SGB 1/6
I>
I>
0.12 x I>
I>>>
Io>
Io>>
SGF 1/68
SGF1/5
I>>
SGF1/13
t>
30 ms
t>>
t>, k
30 ms
t>>>
50 ms
to>, ko
30 ms
to>>
SGF 4/1
SGF 4/2
SGF 4/3
SGF 4/4
1
1
1
1
SGF 4/5
SGF 4/6
SGF 4/7
SGF 5/1
SGF 5/2
SGF 5/3
SGF 5/4
SGF 5/5
SGF 5/6
SGF 5/7
SGF 5/8
SPCJ 4D28
L1
L2
L3
0
7
Front panel
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCJ 4D28
TRIP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
L1 L2 L3 o
IRF
3 > I
I
I I I I
>
n
I I
/
k
n
>> I I
/
k
0
n 0
> I I
/
0
0
2
3
A
n
I
/
I >> >
>> t [ ] s
s t >> > [ ]
s
0
> t [ ]
0
t s [ ]
n 0
I I
/
>>
> t [ ] s
> t [ ] s
> I
>>
% [ ]
Phase current and residual current indicators during
current measurement and phase fault indicators
at relay operation
Indicator for the start current of stage I>
Indicator for the operate time t> or time multiplier k
Indicator for the start current of stage I>> and
the operate time t>>
Indicator for the start current of stage I>>> and the
operate time t>>>
Indicator for the start current of stage I
0
>
Indicator for the operate time t
0
> and the time multiplier k
0
Indicator for the start current of stage I
0
>> and the
operate time t
0
>>
Indicator for the start current of stage I> and
the operate time t>
Indicator for the checksums of switchgroups SGF1...8
Indicator for the checksums of switchgroups SGB1...3
Indicator for the checksums of switchgroups SGR1...11
Fig. 3. Front panel of the combined overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCJ 4D28
TRIP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
L1 L2 L3 o
IRF
3 > I
I
I I I I
>
n
I I
/
k
n
>> I I
/
k
0
n 0
> I I
/
0
0
2
3
A
n
I
/
I >> >
>> t [ ] s
s t >> > [ ]
s
0
> t [ ]
0
t s [ ]
n 0
I I
/
>>
> t [ ] s
> t [ ] s
> I
>>
% [ ]
Device symbol
Indicator for self-supervision alarm
Display window
Reset and display step push-button
Setting push-button
Operation indicator
Type designation of relay module
8
Operation
indicators
Each protection stage has its own red start and
trip code shown as a number on the display. The
TRIP indicator at the bottom right corner is
shared by the different protection stages. Switch-
group SGF5 is used for defining the mode of
function of the TRIP indicator.
The code numbers indicating tripping and the
red TRIP indicator remain lit, when the protec-
tion relay has issued a trip signal. Thus it is easy
to identify the tripping stage. The indicators
remain lit even though the stage that caused the
indication resets, and they have to be separately
reset. On the other hand, the code numbers
indication starting automatically turned off when
the protection stage resets. If the stage that
started also operates the code number indicating
starting turns into a code number indicating
operation. When desired, the code numbers
indicating starting can be set to remain lit, by
giving switches SGF2/1...5 proper settings.
Operation indicators that remain lit are reset
either by pressing the RESET push-button on
the front panel or by command V101 over the
SPA bus. Unreset operation indicators do not
affect the operation of the relay module.
The table below shows the code numbers of the
display or the corresponding code numbers read-
able with parameter V9 indicating starting or
operation of the relay module.
Indication Parameter V9 Symbol Explanation
1 1 I> START Staring of overcurrent stage I>
2 2 I> TRIP Operation of overcurrent I>
3 3 I>> START Staring of overcurrent stage I>>
4 4 I>> TRIP Operation of overcurrent stage I>>
5 5 I>>> START Staring of overcurrent stage I>>>
6 6 I>>> TRIP Operation of overcurrent stage I>>>
7 7 I
0
> START Starting of earth-fault stage I
0
>
8 8 I
0
> TRIP Operation of earth-fault stage I
0
>
9 9 I
0
>> START Starting of earth-fault stage I
0
>>
0 0 I
0
>> TRIP Operation of earth-fault stage I
0
>>
11 11 I> TRIP Operation of phase discontinuity protection
stage I>
A 12 CBFP Operation of circuit breaker failure protection
unit
When one of the protection stages of the mod-
ule operates, the yellow LEDs on the upper part
of the front panel show on which phase the
current exceeded the set start current of the
stage, named phase fault indication. If, for in-
stance, code number 2 and indicators I
L1
and
I
L2
are lit, operation was caused by overcurrent
on the phases L1 and L2. The phase fault
indication is reset with the RESET push-but-
ton.
The self-supervision alarm indicator IRF indi-
cates that the self-supervision system of the relay
module has detected a permanent fault. Once a
fault has been detected the red indicator is lit. At
the same time the relay module delivers a con-
trol signal to the self-supervision system output
relay of the protection relay. In addition, in
most fault cases, a fault code appears on the
display to indicate the type of fault. This fault
code, which consists of a red figure one (1) and
a green 13 digit code number cannot be
removed by resetting. The code number should
be recorded after a fault situation and stated
when service is ordered.
9
Settings
Numerical
settings
(modified 99-10)
The setting values are indicated by the three
rightmost digits on the display.The LED indi-
cators adjacent to the symbols of the quantities
to be set indicates the quantity currently being
displayed.
Setting Explanation Setting range
(factory default)
I>/I
n
Start current of stage I> as a multiple of the energizing 0.55.0 x I
n
*)
input used. (0.5 x I
n
)
t> Operate time of stage I>, in seconds at definite time 0.05...300 s
characteristic. (0.05 s)
k Time multiplier k of stage I> at inverse time 0.05...1.00
characteristic. (0.05)
I>>/I
n
Start current of stage I>> as a multiple of the 0.5...40.0 x I
n
and * *)
energizing input used. (0.5 x I
n
)
t>> Operate time of stage I>>, in seconds. 0.04...300 s
(0.04 s)
I>>>/I
n
Start current of stage I>>> as a multiple of the 0.5...40.0 x I
n
and * *)
n
)
t>>> Operate time of stage I>>>, in seconds. 0.04...30 s
(0,04 s)
I
0
/I
n
Start current of stage I
0
> as a multiple of the 0.1...0.8 x I
n
n
)
t
0
> Operate time of stage I
0
>, in seconds, at definite time 0.05...300 s
characteristic. (0.05 s)
k
0
Time multiplier k
0
of stage I
0
> at inverse time 0.05...1.00
characteristic. (0.05)
I
0
>>/I
n
0
>> as a multiple of the 0.1...10.0 x I
n
and * *)
n
)
t
0
>> Operate time of stage I
0
>>, in seconds. 0.05...300 s
(0.05 s)
I> [%] Start current of stage I> as the difference between 10...100% and * *)
the minimum and maximum phase current measured, (10%)
expressed as percentage of the measured current of the
energizing input used. 10...100%.
t> Operate time of stage I>, in seconds. 1...300 s
(1 s)
CBFP Operate time in seconds of the circuit breaker failure 0.11.0 s
protection (0.2 s)
*) At inverse time characteristic the relay al-
lows setting above 2.5 x I
n
, but regards any
setting >2.5 x I
n
as being equal to 2.5 x I
n
.
** ) The stage can be set out of operation with
SGF switches. This state is indicated as
"- - -" on the display.
Note!
The continuous current carrying capacity of the
energizing inputs is 4.0 x I
n
.
10
Switch settings Additional functions required for individual
applications are selected with switchgroups
SGF1...8, SGB1...3 and SGR1...11. The switch
numbers, 1...8, and the switch positions, 0 and
1, are displayed when the switches are being set
manually. Normally, the checksums of the
switchgroups are displayed, see the main menu
in section "Menu chart".
The tables below indicates the factory default
settings of the switches and the corresponding
checksums. The method for manual calculation
of the checksum is shown at the end of this
section.
The switchgroups SGF1...8 are used for confi-
guring the desired functions as follows:
Switch Function Factory
default
SGF1/1 Definite time or inverse time characteristic for stage I>. 0
SGF1/2 When the inverse time has been selected, the desired 0
SGF1/3 current/time characteristic is selected as follows: 0
SGF1/1 SGF1/2 SGF1/3 Characteristic Operate time t> or
time/current curve
0 0 0 Definite time 0.05...300 s
1 0 0 Inverse time Extremely inverse
0 1 0 " Very inverse
1 1 0 " Normal inverse
0 0 1 " Long-time inverse
1 0 1 " RI type characteristic
0 1 1 " RXIDG type
characteristic
1 1 1 --- (Long-time inverse)
SGF1/4 Not in use 0
SGF1/5 Automatic doubling of the set start current of stage I>>, when the 0
object to be protected is connected to the network.
When SGF1/5 = 0, the doubling function is out of use.
When SGF1/5 = 1, the set start current of stage I>> is automatically
doubled. This feature allows the start current of stage I>> to be set
below the level of the connection inrush current.
SGF1/6 Definite time or inverse time characteristic for stage I
0
>. 0
SGF1/7 When the inverse time has been selected, the desired 0
SGF1/8 current/time characteristic is selected as follows: 0
SGF1/6 SGF1/7 SGF1/8 Characteristic Operate time t
0
> or
time/current curve
0 0 0 Definite time 0.05...300 s
1 0 0 Inverse time Extremely inverse
0 1 0 " Very inverse
1 1 0 " Normal inverse
0 0 1 " Long-time inverse
1 0 1 " RI type characteristic
0 1 1 " RXIDG type
characteristic
1 1 1 --- (Long-time inverse)
SGF1 0
11
default
SGF2/1 Mode of operation of the start indicating code numbers of the differ- 0
SGF2/2 ent stages. When the switches are in position 0, the start indication 0
SGF2/3 code number automatically resets, once the fault disappears. When 0
SGF2/4 the switch is in position 1, the code number remains lit, although the 0
SGF2/5 fault disappears. 0
Switch Stage Switch position
Code resets Code remains
SGF2/1 I> 0 1
SGF2/2 I>> 0 1
SGF2/3 I>>> 0 1
SGF2/4 I
0
> 0 1
SGF2/5 I
0
>> 0 1
SGF2/6 Inhibition of the operation of stage I>>, stage I>>> and stage I
0
>>. 0
SGF2/7 When the operation is inhibited the display shows "- - -", when the 0
SGF2/8 set value is displayed 0
Switch Stage Switch position
Not inhibited Inhibited
SGF2/6 I>> 0 1
SGF2/7 I>>> 0 1
SGF2/8 I
0
>> 0 1
SGF2 0
SGF3/1 Phase discontinuity protection stage I> to be set out of use. 1
When SGF3/1 = 1, the phase discontinuity protection stage is out
of use. The out of use state is indicated as "- - -" on the display.
SGF3/2 Resetting times of stage I> and I
0
>. 0
SGF3/3 0
SGF3/4 Switch Stage Switch position 0
SGF3/5 40 ms 100 ms 500 ms 1000 ms 0
SGF3/2 I> 0 1 0 1
SGF3/3 0 0 1 1
SGF3/4 I
0
> 0 1 0 1
SGF3/5 0 0 1 1
SGF3/6 Inverse time operation of stage I> to be inhibited by the starting of 0
stage I>>.
When SGF3/6 = 1, the inverse time operation is inhibited.
SGF3/7 Inverse time operation of stage I> to be inhibited by the starting of 0
stage I>>>.
SGF3/8 Inverse time operation of stage I
0
> to be inhibited by the starting of 0
stage I
0
>>.
SGF3 1
12
default
SGF4/1 Selection of self-holding for output signal TS1 0
When the switch is in position 0, the output signal returns to its
initial state, when the measuring signal that caused operation falls
below the set start level.
When the switch is in position 1 the output signal remains high
although the measuring signal that caused operation falls below
the set start level.
At self-holding the output signal is reset with the push-buttons on the
front panel, via an external control input or the serial bus, see section
"Description of function".
SGF4/5 Starting of the circuit breaker failure protection (CBFP) by signal TS2 0
When the switch is in position 1, the output signal TS_ starts the
circuit breaker failure protection. If the operate time of the CBFP
expires while the output signal is active, the CBFP generates an
operate signal TS1.
When the switch is in position 0, the CBFP is set out of use.
SGF4/8 Not in use 0
SGF4 0
SGF5/1 Selection of the signal to control the TRIP indicator on the front panel. 0
SGF5/2 When the switch corresponding to a certain output signal is in 1
SGF5/3 position 1, the TRIP indicator is lit on activation of the output signal. 0
SGF5/4 1
SGF5/5 Switch Output signal Switch position 0
SGF5/6 TRIP indicator TRIP indicator lit 1
SGF5/7 not lit 0
SGF5/8 1
SGF5/1 SS1 0 1
SGF5/2 TS1 0 1
SGF5/3 SS2 0 1
SGF5/4 TS2 0 1
SGF5/5 SS3 0 1
SGF5/6 TS3 0 1
SGF5/7 SS4 0 1
SGF5/8 TS4 0 1
SGF5 170
13
Switchgroups
SGF68
(modified 96-02)
Using the different start and operation signals as
autoreclose start initiation signals AR1, AR2 or
AR3. The signal selection possibilities are shown
in Fig. 4 below.
In the figure the start and operate signals of the
different protection stages are connected to the
desired autoreclose start line AR1, AR2 or AR3,
for instance, by encircling the signal crossing
point. The numbers of the different switches
and their weight factors are marked near the
crossing points. The checksums for the different
switch groups are obtained by adding the weight
factors of the selected switches.
Switches SGF6/78 and SGF7/78 are not
in use.
Fig. 4. Selection matrix for the autoreclose initiation signals
1 (1)
2 (2)
3 (4)
4 (8)
5 (16)
6 (32)
1 (1)
3 (4)
5 (16)
7 (64)
2 (2)
4 (8)
6 (32)
8 (128)
AR1 AR3
Autoreclose
initiating signal
AR2
1 = switchnumber
(1) = weighting factor
Checksum
(factory setting)
SGF6 =
( = 0)
SGF7 =
( = 0)
SGF8 =
( = 0)
SGF6
1 (1) 1 (1)
2 (2)
3 (4)
4 (8)
5 (16)
6 (32)
I>
t>
I>>
t>>
I>>>
t>>>
I >
t >
I >>
t >>
Operation stage
0
0
0
0
SGF7
SGF6
SGF8 SGF8
SGF6 = switchgroup
14
Switchgroups
SGB13
The functions of the control signals BS1, BS2
and RRES (BS3) are defined with switchgroups
SGB13. The matrix shown below can be used
as an aid for making the desired selections. The
control signals at the left side in the matrix can
be combined with the functions at the upper
side by encircling the desired intersection points.
Each intersection point is marked with a switch
number and the corresponding weight factor of
the switch is shown at the bottom row of the
matrix. By horizontally adding the weight fac-
tors of all the selected switches of a switchgroup
the switchgroup checksums is obtained.
Note!
Check if all the control signals of the relay
module SPCJ 4D28 are available in the protec-
tion relay in question.
t>> t >
0
t >>
0
Main
Second
BS1
BS2
RRES
(BS3)
Indicators
Indicators,
self-hold.,
registers
Indicators,
self-hold.
SGB1=
SGB2=
SGB3=
t> I>
2 4 8 16 32 64
Weighting
factor
1 128 32
2 3 4 5 7 1 8 6
2 3 4 5 6 7 1 8
2 3 4 5 6 7 1 8
( = 0)
( = 0)
( = 0)
Checksum
(factory setting)
Fig. 5. Control signal matrix of the combined overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28.
Switch Function
SGB_/1...4 Configuration of blocking signals to be applied to one or more protection stages
via the external control signals BS1, BS2 and RRES (BS3). When a switch is in
position 1, the operation of the concerned protection stage is blocked as long as
the control signal is high.
SGB_/5 Switching between main setting values and second settings, either via the serial
bus using command V 150, or using an external control signal.
When SGB_/5 = 0, the setting values cannot be switched with an external control
signal.
When SGB1/5 = 1, the currently used setting values are determined exclusively
by the state of the external control signal.
Note!
When the relay is provided with second settings in addition to the main settings,
it is important that switch SGB_/5 has the same setting in the main settings and
the second settings.
SGB1/6 Blocking of stage I> via the external control signal BS1. The principle of
operation is the same as for switches SGB_/14.
SGB23/6 Resetting of the operation indicators on the front panel, see section "Resetting"
SGB_/7 Resetting of the operation indicators and the latched output relays, see section
"Resetting"
SGB_/8 Resetting of the operation indicators, the latched output relays and the registers,
see section "Resetting"
15
Switchgroups
SGR111
(modified 96-02)
The start and operate signals of the protection
stages are combined with the outputs SS1
SS4 and TS1TS4 with the switches of
switchgroups SGR111.
The matrix shown below can be used as an aid
for making the desired selections. The start and
operate signals of the different protection stages
can be combined with the output signals
SS1SS4 and TS1TS4 by encircling the
desired intersection points. Each intersection
point is marked with a switch number and the
corresponding weight factor of the switch is
shown at the bottom row of the matrix. By
horizontally adding the weight factors of all the
selected switches of a switchgroup the switch-
group checksums is obtained.
Note!
Check if all the start and operate signals of the
relay module SPCJ 4D28 are available in the
protection relay in question.
Fig. 6. Output signal matrix of the combined overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28.
I>
t>
I>>
t>>
I>>>
t>>>
I >
t >
I >>
t >>
t>
SGR1
SGR2
SGR3
SGR4
SGR5
SGR6
SGR7
SGR8
SGR9
SGR10
SGR11
SS1 TS1 SS2 TS2 SS3 TS3 SS4 TS4
1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128
Switch-
group
Operation stage
SGR1 =
SGR2 =
SGR3 =
SGR4 =
SGR5 =
SGR6 =
SGR7 =
SGR8 =
SGR9 =
SGR10 =
SGR11 =
Weighting factor
Output signal
0
0
0
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Checksum
(factory setting)
( = 0)
( = 42)
( = 0)
( = 42)
( = 0)
( = 42)
( = 0)
( = 42)
( = 0)
( = 42)
( = 42)
I>
16
Manual checksum
calculation
Switch Weight factor Position Value
SGF1/1 1 x 1 = 1
SGF1/2 2 x 0 = 0
SGF1/3 4 x 1 = 4
SGF1/4 8 x 0 = 0
SGF1/5 16 x 0 = 0
SGF1/6 32 x 0 = 0
SGF1/7 64 x 1 = 64
SGF1/8 128 x 0 = 0
Checksum of switchgroup SGF1 = 69
The measured values are indicated by the three
right-most digits on the display. The measured
value currently presented is indicated by a yel-
low LED above the display.
Indicator Measured data Measuring
range
I
L1
Measured line current on phase L1 as a multiple of the rated 063 x I
n
current I
n
of the energizing input used.
I
L2
n
current I
n
I
L3
n
current I
n
I
0
Residual current as a multiple of the rated current I
n
of the 021 x I
n
energizing input used.
I
0
In the submenu of the residual current the difference I 0100%
between the minimum phase current and the maximum
phase current is available, expressed as a percentage.
Measured data
17
Recorded
information
The left-most digit of the display shows the
register address and the other three digits the
recorded information. The structure of the reg-
isters is presented in the section "Main menus
and submenus of settings and registers".
Register/ Recorded information
STEP
1 Current measured on phase L1, expressed as a multiple of the rated current I
n
. The
register is updated when one of the overcurrent stages (I>, I>> or I>>>) starts or
operates. Then the previous current values will be pushed forwards one step in the
stack while the oldest value is lost. The last five current values recorded are
memorized so that the most recent value is stored in the main register and the other
four values are stored in the subregisters. When the relay starts but does not operate,
the relay module memorizes the maximum current measured on phase L1 during the
start situation.
When the stage operates, the value of the current measured at the moment of
operation is recorded.
2 Register 2 records the events of phase L2. The operation principle is the same as that
of register 1.
3 Register 3 records the events of phase L3. The operation principle is the same as that
of register 1.
4 Duration of the latest start situation of stage I>, expressed as a percentage of the set
operate time or, at IDMT mode of operation, of the calculated operate time. The
register is updated, once the I> stage starts. Then the previously recorded values will
be pushed forwards one step in the stack while the oldest value is lost. The last five
current values recorded are memorized so that the most recently recorded value is
stored in the main register and the other four values are stored in the subregisters.
When the overcurrent stage operates, the counter reading is 100.
Subregister 5 states the number of times stage I> has started, i.e. how many times
the start value of the stage was exceeded, n(I>) = 0...255.
5 Duration of the latest start situation of stage I>>, expressed as a percentage of the set
operate time. The operation principle is the same as that of register 4.
Subregister 5 states the number of times stage I>> has started, i.e. how many times
the set start current of the stage were exceeded, n(I>>) = 0...255.
6 Residual current I
0
measured, expressed as a multiple of the rated current I
n
. The
register is updated each time one of the residual current stages (I
0
> or I
0
>>) starts or
operates. Then the previous current values will be pushed forwards one step in the
stack while the oldest value is lost. The last five current values recorded are
memorized in such a way that the most recent value is stored in the main register and
the other four values in the subregisters. When the relay starts but does not operate,
the relay module memorizes the maximum residual current measured during the
start situation.
When the stage operates, the value of the current measured at the moment of
operation is recorded.
18
STEP
7 Duration of the latest start situation of stage I
0
>, expressed as a percentage of the set
operate time or, at IDMT mode of operation, of the calculated operate time. The
register is updated each time the I
0
> stage starts. Then the previous values recorded
will be pushed forwards one step in the stack while the oldest value is lost. The last
five current values recorded are memorized so that the most recent value is stored in
the main register and the other four values are stored in the subregisters. When the
stage operates, the counter reading is 100.
Subregister 5 states the number of times stage I
0
> has started, i.e. how many times
the set start current of the stage was exceeded, n(I
0
>) = 0...255.
8 Duration of the latest start situation of stage I
0
>>, expressed as a percentage of the
set operate time. The operation principle is the same as that of register 7.
Subregister 5 states the number of times stage I
0
>> has started, i.e. how many times
the set start current of the stage was exceeded, n(I>>) = 0...255.
9 Unbalance ratio I expressed as a percentage, i.e. the difference between the
minimum phase current and the maximum phase current. When the phase
discontinuity protection unit operates, the register is updated with the value at the
moment of operation. Then the values recorded previously will be pushed forwards
one step in the memory stack while the oldest value is lost. The last five current values
recorded are available in the memory stack.
11 Continuous 15 min maximum demand current, updated once a minute.
Submenu 1 contains the highest maximum demand current value recorded after the
last relay reset.
0 Display of external blocking and control signals.
The right-most digit indicates the status of the external control signals of the relay
module as follows:
Displayed Activated signal
figure BS1 BS2 RRES
(BS3)
0
1 x
2 x
3 x x
4 x
5 x x
6 x x
7 x x x
The functions of the external control signals are defined with the switches of
switchgroups SGB1...3.
19
STEP
From register 0 it is possible to enter the TEST mode, in which the start and operate
signals of the module can be activated one by one. The table below shows the
activation order and the corresponding indicator lit when a signal is tested.
Indicator Signal activated
I> start signal of stage I>
t> operate signal of stage I>
I>> start and operate signal of stage I>>
I>>> start and operate signal of stage I>>>
I
0
> start signal of stage I
0
>
t
0
> operate signal of stage I
0
>
I
0
>> start and operate signal of stage I
0
>>
I> operate signal of stage I> activated
For further information about the operation, see description "General characteris-
tics of D-type SPC relay modules".
A Address code of the relay module, required by the serial communication system.
In addition, the following submenus are available in register A:
1. Selection of the data transfer rate, 4.8 kBd or 9.6 kBd, of the relay module. Default
setting 9.6 kBd.
2. Bus traffic counter indicating the operating state of the serial communication
system. If the relay module is connected to a system including a control data
communicator and the communication system is operating, the counter reading
is 0. Otherwise the numbers 0...255 are continuously scrolling in the counter.
3. Password required for remote setting. Settings cannot be changed over the serial
communication system unless a password (remote setting parameter V160) has
been given.
4. Selection of main and second settings (0 = main settings, 1 = second settings).
Default setting 0.
5. Selection of operate time for the circuit breaker failure protection, setting range
0.1...1.0 s. Default setting 0.2 s
When the display is dark, press the STEP push-
button for 1 second to go to the beginning of the
display menu. To go to the end of the display
menu, press the STEP push-button for a short
moment only (<0.5 s).
The values stored in registers 1...11 are cleared
by pressing the push-buttons RESET and PRO-
GRAM simultaneously, by a command V102
over the serial communication system or by an
external control signal BS1, BS2 or RRES. The
registers are cleared by failures in the auxiliary
power supply to the module. The setting values,
the address code, the data transfer rate and the
password of the relay module are not affected by
supply voltage failures. Instructions for specify-
ing the address code and the data transfer rate of
the relay module are given in the description
"General characteristics of D-type SPC relay
modules".
20
Menu chart
0
A
1
1
1
1
0
3
M
A
I
N

M
E
N
U
R
E
V
S
T
E
P
.5
s
F
W
D
S
T
E
P
1s
1 2
STEP 0.5 s PROGRAM 1s
SUBMENU
FWD STEP 1 s REV. STEP 0.5 s
Normal status, display off
Status of external control
signals
Relay module identification
address for communication
Communication rate
setting [kBd]
000
IRF
Loss of bus traffic time
counter 0255
8
3
8
3
Setting of switchgroup
SGB1
1 2
Value of current IL1, latest
memorized event n
2 1 2
3 1 2
4 1 2
Duration of I> starting, latest
memorized event n
5 1 2
6 1 2
7 1 2
8 1 2
9 1 2
11 1
Maximum demand current
value for 15 minutes
MAIN MENU SUBMENU
Current in phase L1
Neutral current Io Differential current I
Start value I>
Operate time t> or
multiplier k
Start value I>>
Start value I>>>
Start value Io>
Operate time to> or
multiplier ko
Start value Io>>
Start value I
SGR1
SGF1
SGR7
SGR2
SGB2
SGF7
SGF2
SGF3
SGF8
SGB3
SGR3
SGR8
1
2
7
2
2
7
Operate time to>>
Operate time t>
Operate time t>>
Operate time t>>>
1
memorized event n
memorized event n
Value of current IL1,
event n-1
event n-1
event n-1
event n-2
event n-2
event n-2
Duration of I>> starting,
latest memorized event n
Value of current Io, latest
memorized event n
Value of current I, latest
memorized event n
Duration of Io> starting,
Duration of Io>> starting,
Duration of I> starting,
event n-1
event n-1
Value of current Io,
event n-1
Value of current I,
event n-1
event n-1
event n-1
event n-2
event n-2
event n-2
Value of current I,
event n-2
event n-2
event n-2
Highest maximum demand
value found
A
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Current in phase L2
Current in phase L3
Value, that can be set in the
setting mode
=
I> t> I>> I>>> Io> to> Io>> I>
Fig. 7. Main and submenus of the combined overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28.
21
The procedure for entering a submenu or a
setting mode, setting a value and entering the
TEST mode is described in detail in the manual
1MRS 750066-MUM EN: "General charac-
teristics of D-type SPC relay modules". A short
guide follows:
Desired step Push-button Action
Forward step in main menu or submenu STEP Press for more than 0.5 s
Rapid scan forward in main menu STEP Keep depressed
Backward step in main or submenu STEP Press less than 0.5 s
Entering a submenu from the main menu PROGRAM Press for 1 s
(activated when released)
Entering or leaving a setting mode PROGRAM Press for 5 s
Incrementation of value in setting mode STEP
Moving cursor in setting mode PROGRAM Press for about 1 s
Storing a setting value in setting mode STEP and Press simultaneously
PROGRAM
Erasing of memorized values and re- STEP and
setting of latched output relays PROGRAM
Resetting of latched output relays PROGRAM Note! Display must be dark
SGF5
5
Number of I> starts since
latest reset
4 5 6
9 10 11
4 5 6
Password for altering
settings
Selection of main vs.
second settings
Operate time for the
CB-failure protection
SGF4
SGR10
SGR5
SGR4
SGF6
SGR6
SGR11
SGR9
event n-4
event n-3
Value of current IL3
event n-3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
event n-4
event n-4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
Number of I>> starts since
latest reset
Number of Io> starts since
latest reset
Number of Io>> starts since
latest reset
event n-3
3
event n-3
event n-3
event n-3
Value of current I,
event n-3
event n-3
event n-3
event n-4
event n-4
event n-4
Value of current I,
event n-4
event n-4
event n-4
3 4 5
A
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
5
Number of I> starts since
latest reset
22
The relay module incorporates four internation-
ally standardized time/current curve groups named
"extremely inverse", "very inverse", "normal in-
verse" and "long-time inverse". The relationship
between time and current is in accordance with
the standards BS 142 and IEC 60255-3, and can
be expressed as follows:
t [s] =
where t = operate time
k = time multiplier
I = phase current value
I> = set current value
k x
I
I>
Time/current
characteristics
(modified 2002-05)
The overcurrent stage I> and the low-set re-
sidual current stage I
0
> can be given definite
time or an inverse definite time operation char-
acteristic. The settings of the switches SGF1/
1...3 determine the mode of operation of stage
I> and the switches SGF1/68 that of the stage
I
0
>. See section "Setting switches".
At the IDMT characteristic, the operate time of
the stage will be a function of the current: the
higher the current, the shorter is the operate
time. Six time/current curve groups are avail-
able. Four of these comply with the BS 142 and
IEC 255 standards and two curve groups, the RI
and the RXIDG curve groups are special type
curve groups according to ABB praxis.
The values of the constants and determine
the slope as follows:
Time/current
curve group
Normal inverse 0.02 0.14
Very inverse 1.0 13.5
Extremely inverse 2.0 80.0
Long-time inverse 1.0 120.0
The standard BS 142.1966 defines the normal
current range to be 2...20 times the setting
value. In addition, the relay has to start at the
latest when the current exceeds the setting value
by 1.3 times, if the time/current characteristic is
normal inverse, very inverse or extremely in-
verse. For the long-time inverse characteristic
the normal current range is specified to be 2...7
times the setting and the relay is to start when
the current exceeds the setting value by 1.1
times.
The operate time tolerances specified by the
standard are as follows (E denotes accuracy in
per cent, - = not specified):
- 1
I/I> Normal Very Extremely Long time
2 2,22E 2,34E 2,44E 2,34E
5 1,13E 1,26E 1,48E 1,26E
7 - - - 1,00E
10 1,01E 1,01E 1,02E -
20 1,00E 1,00E 1,00E -
In the normal current ranges specified above the
inverse time stages of the overcurrent and earth-
fault relay module SPCJ 4D28 fulfil the toler-
ance requirements of class 5 at all degrees of
inversity.
The time/current characteristics according to
the IEC and BS standards are illustrated in Fig.
811.
Note.
The actual operate time of the relay, presented
in the graphs in Fig. 811, includes an addi-
tional filter and detection time plus the operate
time of the trip output relay. When the operate
time of the relay is calculated using the math-
ematical expression above, these additional times
of about 30 ms in total have to be added to the
time received.
Characteristics
according to
IEC 60255 and
BS 142
( )
23
RI-type
characteristic
The RI-type characteristic is a special character-
istic that is principally used to obtain time
grading with mechanical relays. The character-
istic can be expressed by the mathematical ex-
pression
t [s] =
where t = operate time in seconds
k = time multiplier
I = phase current
I> = set start current
The characteristic is illustrated in Fig. 12.
k
I>
I
The RXIDG-type characteristic is a special char-
acteristic that is principally used in earth-fault
protection, in which a high degree of selectivity
is required also at high-resistance faults. In this
case the protection can operate in a selective
way, even if they are not directional.
Mathematically, the time/current characteristic
can be expressed as follows:
t [s] = 5.8-1.35 x log
e
where t = operate time in seconds
k = time multiplier
I = phase current
I> = set start current
The characteristic is illustrated in Fig. 13.
I
k x I>
( )
0.339 - 0.236 x
RXIDG-type
characteristic
24
1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 20 I/I>
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
k
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
20
30
40
70
60
50
t/s
Fig. 8. Inverse-time characteristics of overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28
Extremely inverse
25
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 I/I>
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
k
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
20
70
60
50
40
30
t/s
Very inverse
26
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
k
1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 20 I/I> 6
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
t/s
Normal inverse
27
1 2 3 4 5 10 20 6 7 8 9
I/I>
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
k
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
t/s
Long-time inverse
28
Fig. 12. Inverse-time characteristic of overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28
RI-type inverse
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 I/I>
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
k
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
3
4
5
6
7
9
10
20
70
60
50
40
30
t/s
2
8
29
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
k
1 2 3 5 7 8 9 10 20 I/I> 6
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
2
3
4
5
7
8
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
t/s
30 40
6
9
0.05
4
0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.3
Fig. 13. Inverse-time characteristic of overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28
RXIDG-type inverse
30
Technical data Feature Stage I> Stage I>> Stage I>>>
Start current
- at definite time 0.55.0 x I
n
0.540.0 x I
n
and 0.540.0 x I
n
and
- at inverse time 0.52.5 x I
n
Start time, typ. 70 ms 40 ms 40 ms
Operate time at definite 0.05300 s 0.04300 s 0.0430 s
time characteristic
Time/current characteristic Extremely inv.
at inverse mode Very inv.
Normal inv.
Long-time inv.
RI type inv.
RXIDG type inv.
Time multiplier k 0.051.0
Reset time, typ. 40 ms 40 ms 40 ms
Retardation time <30 ms <30 ms <30 ms
Reset ratio, typ. 0.96 0.96 0.96
Operate time accuracy 2% of set 2% of set 2% of set
at definite time mode value or 25 ms value or 25 ms value or 25 ms
Accuracy class index E 5
at inverse time mode
Operation accuracy 3% of set value 3% of set value 3% of set value
Feature Stage I
0
> Stage I
0
>> Stage I>
Start current 0.10.8 x I
n
0.110.0 x I
n
and 10100% and
Start time, typ. 70 ms 50 ms 150 ms
Operate time at definite 0.05300 s 0.05300 s 1300 s
time characteristic
Time/current characteristic Extremely inv.
at inverse mode Very inv.
Normal inv.
Long-time inv.
RI type inv.
RXIDG type inv.
Time multiplier k 0.051.0
Reset time, typ. 40 ms 40 ms 80 ms
Retardation time <30 ms <30 ms
Reset ratio, typ. 0.96 0.96 0.90
Operate time accuracy 2% of set 2% of set 2% of set
at definite time mode value or 25 ms value or 25 ms value or 25 ms
Accuracy class index E 5
at inverse time mode
Operation accuracy 3% of set value 3% of set value 1 unit 3% of
set value
31
Serial
communication
parameters
Event codes
The start and operate situations of the protec-
tion stages and the states of the output signals
are defined as events and provided with event
codes, which can be transmitted to higher sys-
tem levels via the serial bus. An event, which is
to be communicated, is marked with a multi-
plier 1. The event mask is formed by the sum of
the weight factors of all those events, that are to
be communicated.
Event mask Code Setting range Default setting
V155 E1E12 04095 1365
V156 E13E24 04095 1365
V157 E25E32 0255 192
V158 E33E42 01023 12
Event codes of the combined overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCJ 4D28
Code Event No. represent- Default
ing the event value
E1 Starting of stage I> 1 1
E2 Starting of stage I> reset 2 0
E3 Tripping of stage I> 4 1
E4 Tripping of stage I> reset 8 0
E5 Starting of stage I>> 16 1
E6 Starting of stage I>> reset 32 0
E7 Tripping of stage I>> 64 1
E8 Tripping of stage I>> reset 128 0
E9 Starting of stage I>>> 256 1
E10 Starting of stage I>>> reset 512 0
E11 Tripping of stage I>>> 1024 1
E12 Tripping of stage I>>> reset 2048 0
Default value of event mask V155 1365
E13 Starting of stage I
0
> 1 1
0
> reset 2 0
E15 Tripping of stage I
0
> 4 1
0
> reset 8 0
0
>> 16 1
0
>> reset 32 0
0
>> 64 1
0
>> reset 128 0
E21 Starting of stage I> 256 1
E22 Starting of stage I> reset 512 0
E23 Tripping of stage I> 1024 1
E24 Tripping of stage I> reset 2048 0
32
Code Event No. represent- Default
ing the event value
E25 Output signal SS1 activated 1 0
E26 Output signal SS1 reset 2 0
E27 Output signal TS1 activated 4 0
E28 Output signal TS1 reset 8 0
E41 Circuit breaker failure protection operated 256 0
E42 Circuit breaker failure protection reset 512 0
E50 Restart of microprocessor * -
E51 Overflow of event register * -
E52 Temporary interruption in data communication * -
E53 No response from the module over the data
communication * -
E54 The module responds again over the data
communication * -
Explanations:
0 not included in event reporting
1 included in event reporting
* no code number
- cannot be programmed
Note.
The event represented by the codes E52...E54
are generated by a higher-level control data
communicator, for example type SRIO 1000M.
33
Remote transfer data In addition to the event data all input data (I
data), setting values (S values), recorded infor-
mation (V data) and certain other data of the
overcurrent module can be read via the SPA bus.
Parameters marked with a W letter can be
altered via the SPA bus.
When setting values are altered via the MMI on
the front panel or via the serial bus, the module
checks that the entered parameter values are
within the permitted setting range. The relay
module refuses to accept a too high or a too low
setting value, but keeps the old setting value
unchanged.
Altering parameter values via the serial bus
usually requires the use of a password. The
password is a number within the range 1999.
The default password is 1.
The password is opened by writing the password
number to parameter V160 and closed by writ-
ing the password number to parameter V161.
The password is also closed on loss of auxiliary
supply to the relay module.
The password can be changed via the serial bus
or via the MMI of the module. When the
password is to be changed via the serial bus, the
password must be opened first. The new pass-
word is written to parameter V161. The change
of the password via the MMI of the module is
carried out in register A, subregister 3, in which
case the new password is written over the old
one.
If an incorrect password is given seven times in
a row via the serial bus, the password is auto-
matically set to zero and after this it cannot be
opened via the serial bus. Now the password can
be opened only via the MMI of the module.
R = readable data
W = writable data
(P) = writing enabled with password
The measured currents and the status of the
external control signals can be read (R) with
parameters I1I8.
When the value of parameters I6I8 is 1, the
corresponding control inputs are energized.
Information Parameter Value
Current measured on phase L1 I1 0...63 x I
n
n
n
Residual current measured I4 0...21 x I
n
Maximum phase current difference I5 10...100%
Control signal BS1 I6 0 or 1
Control signal BS2 I7 0 or 1
Control signal RRES (BS3) I8 0 or 1
Inputs
34
Outputs The state information indicates the state of a
signal at a certain moment. The recorded func-
tions indicate such activations of signals, that
happen after the last reset of the registers of the
module. When the value = 0, the signal has not
been activated and when the value = 1, the signal
has been activated.
Output stages
States of the protection stages State of stage Recorded Value
(R) functions (R)
Starting of stage I> O1 O21 0 or 1
Tripping of stage I> O2 O22 0 or 1
Starting of stage I>> O3 O23 0 or 1
Tripping of stage I>> O4 O24 0 or 1
Starting of stage I>>> O5 O25 0 or 1
Tripping of stage I>>> O6 O26 0 or 1
Starting of stage I
0
> O7 O27 0 or 1
Tripping of stage I
0
> O8 O28 0 or 1
Starting of stage I
0
>> O9 O29 0 or 1
Tripping of stage I
0
>> O10 O30 0 or 1
Tripping of stage I> O11 O31 0 or 1
Output signals
Operation of output signals State of output Recorded Value
(R, W, P) functions (R)
Output signal SS1 O12 O32 0 or 1
Output signal TS1 O13 O33 0 or 1
Enable of output O41 0 or 1
signals SS1TS4
35
Setting values
Variable Used Main Second Setting range
settings setting setting
(R) (R, W, P) (R, W, P)
Start current of stage I> S1 S41 S81 0.55.0 x I
n
Operate time or S2 S42 S82 0.05300 s
time multiplier k of stage I> 0.051.0
Start current of stage I>> S3 *) S43 S83 0.540 x I
n
Operate time of stage I>> S4 S44 S84 0.04300 s
Start current of stage I>>> S5 *) S45 S85 0.540 x I
n
Operate time of stage I>>> S6 S46 S86 0.0430 s
0
> S7 S47 S87 0.10.8 x I
n
Operate time or S8 S48 S88 0.05300 s
time multiplier k of stage I
0
> 0.051.0
0
>> S9 *) S49 S89 0.110 x I
n
Operate time of stage I
0
>> S10 S50 S90 0.05300 s
Start value of stage I> S11 *) S51 S91 10100%
Operate time of stage I> S12 S52 S92 1300 s
Checksum, SGF 1 S13 S53 S93 0255
Checksum, SGB 1 S21 S61 S101 0255
Checksum, SGR 1 S24 S64 S104 0255
Operate time of the circuit - S121 S121 0.11.0 s
breaker failure protection
*) If the protection stage has been set out of function, the display shows 999 for the currently
used value.
36
Measured and
recorded parameter
values
Measured value Para- Data Value
meter direction
Last 15 min maximum demand current V1 R 02.5 x I
n
Number of starts of stage I> V2 R 0255
Number of starts of stage I>> V3 R 0255
Number of starts of stage I
0
> V4 R 0255
Number of starts of stage I
0
>> V5 R 0255
Number of starts of stage I> V6 R 0255
Stage/phase that caused operation V7 R 1 = I
L3
>, 2 = I
L2
>,
4 = I
L1
>, 8 = I
0
>,
16 = I
L3
>>, 32 = I
L2
>>,
64 = I
L1
>>, 128 = I
0
>>
Stage/phase that caused operation V8 R 1 = I
L3
>>>, 2 = I
L2
>>>,
4 = I
L1
>>>
Operation indication code on the display V9 R 012
Maximum 15 min demand current V10 R 02.55 x I
n
The last five recorded values can be read (R)
with parameters V11V59. Event n denotes
the youngest recorded value and n-1 the next
youngest and so forth.
Registered value Event Measuring
n n-1 n-2 n-3 n-4 range
Phase current I
L1
V11 V21 V31 V41 V51 063 x I
n
(register 1)
Phase current I
L2
V12 V22 V32 V42 V52 063 x I
n
(register 2)
Phase current I
L3
V13 V23 V33 V43 V53 063 x I
n
(register 3)
Earth-fault current I
0
V14 V24 V34 V44 V54 021 x I
n
(register 6)
Difference current I V15 V25 V35 V45 V55 0100%
(register 9)
Start duration, stage I> V16 V26 V36 V46 V56 0100%
(register 4)
Start duration, stage I>> V17 V27 V37 V47 V57 0100%
(register 5)
Start duration, stage I
0
> V18 V28 V38 V48 V58 0100%
(register 7)
Start duration, stage I
0
>> V19 V29 V39 V49 V59 0100%
(register 8)
37
Control parameters
Information Para- Data Value
meter direction
Resetting of operation indicators and V101 W 1 = reset perfomed
latched output relay
Resetting of indicators and latched
output relay and clearing of registers V102 W 1 = reset perfomed
Remote control of setting V150 R,W 0 = main settings enforced
1 = second settings
enforced
Overcurrent even mask V155 R,W 0...4096, see section
"Event codes"
Residual/unbalance current event mask V156 R,W 0...4096, see section
"Event codes"
Output signal event mask V157 R,W 0...255, see section
"Event codes"
Output signal event mask V158 R,W 0...1023, see section
"Event codes"
Opening of password for remote setting V160 W 1...999
Changing and closing of password for V161 W, P 0...999
remote setting
Activation of self-supervision system V165 W 1 = self-supervision
system activated
and IRF LED lit
Formatting of EEPROM V167 W, P 2 = formatting
Fault code V169 R 0255
Data communication address of V200 R,W 1...254
relay module
Data transfer rate V201 R,W 4800 or 9600 Bd (R)
4.8 or 9.6 kBd (W)
Program version V205 R 116 _
Reading of event register L R Time, channel number
and event code
Rereading of event register B R Time, channel number
and event code
Type designation of relay module F R SPCJ 4D28
Reading of module state data C R 0 = normal state
1 = module been subject
to automatic reset
2 = event register overflow
3 = events 1 and 2 together
Resetting of module state data C W 0 = resetting
Time reading and setting T R,W 00.000...59.999 s
The maximum capacity of the event register is
65 events. The content of the register can be
read by the L command, 5 events at a time, only
once. Should a fault occur, say, in the data
communication, the B command can be used to
re-read the contents of the register. When
required, the B command can be repeated. In
general, the control data communicator reads
the event data and forwards the information to
an output device. Under normal conditions the
event register of the relay module is empty. The
control data communicator also resets abnor-
mal status data, so this data is normally zero.
38
Fault codes Once the self-supervision system has detected
an internal relay fault, the IRF indicator on the
front panel of the relay module is lit. At the same
time the self-supervision alarm relay that is
normally picked up, drops off. In most situa-
tions a fault code appears on the display of the
relay module. This fault code consists of a red
number one (1) and a green code number that
identifies the fault type. The fault codes should
be recorded and stated when service is ordered.
The table below lists some of the fault codes of
the combined overcurrent and earth-fault relay
module SPCJ 4D28.
Fault code Type of fault
4 Relay control circuit faulty or missing
30 Read Only Memory (ROM) faulty
50 Random Access Memory (RAM) faulty
51 Parameter memory (EEPROM) faulty, block 1
52 Parameter memory (EEPROM) faulty, block 2
53 Parameter memory (EEPROM) faulty, blocks 1 and 2
54 Parameter memory (EEPROM) faulty, blocks 1 and 2 have different checksums
56 Parameter memory (EEPROM) key faulty. Formatting by writing V167 = 2
195 Too low a value on the reference channel with multiplier 1
203 Too high a value on the reference channel with multiplier 1
252 Filter of I0 channel faulty
253 No interruption from the A/D converter
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCS 2D26
TRIP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
IRF
I
o
I
o
U
1
7
2
1
B
o
U
0b
> U %
s
b
> [ ] t
s
1
> [ ] t
01
> U % [ ]
01
> I % [ ]
02
> I % [ ]
s
2
> [ ] t
02
> U % [ ]
[ ]
SPCS 2D26
Directional or non-directional
earth-fault relay module
2
SPCS 2D26
Directional or non-
directional earth-fault
relay module
Contents Features .......................................................................................................................... 2
Directional earth-fault protection (modified 2002-06) ............................................... 3
Residual voltage protection........................................................................................ 5
Residual voltage input ............................................................................................... 5
Circuit-breaker failure protection .............................................................................. 5
External control signals .............................................................................................. 5
Output signals ........................................................................................................... 5
Auto-reclose initiation signals .................................................................................... 5
Second settings .......................................................................................................... 6
Resetting ................................................................................................................... 6
Block schematic diagram ................................................................................................ 7
Front panel ..................................................................................................................... 8
Operation indicators (modified 2002-06) ........................................................................ 9
Settings ......................................................................................................................... 10
Configuration switches (modified 2002-06) .................................................................. 11
Measured data .............................................................................................................. 17
Recorded data (modified 2002-06) ................................................................................ 18
Main menus and submenus of settings and registers (modified 2002-06) ...................... 20
Technical data .............................................................................................................. 22
Serial communication parameters (modified 2002-06) .................................................. 22
Fault codes.................................................................................................................... 28
Appendix 1 ................................................................................................................... 29
Technical data affected by versions SW 186 B.............................................................. 35
Recommendations for setting the module SPCS 2D26, SW 186 B .............................. 35
Features Directional or non-directional low-set neutral
overcurrent stage I
01
> with definite time char-
acteristic.
Directional or non-directional high-set neutral
overcurrent stage I
02
> with definite time char-
acteristic.
When required, both directional neutral over-
current stages of the directional earth-fault pro-
tection can be configured to operate as residual
voltage stages. Then the relay module includes
three separately adjustable residual voltage stages.
Output relay matrix allowing any start or oper-
ate signal to be linked with the desired output
signal.
Programmable auto-reclose initiation signals.
Digital display of measured values, setting val-
ues and data recorded in a fault situation.
Setting values to be written and read using the
local display and front panel push-buttons, via a
PC with configuration software or from higher
levels over the serial port and the fibre-optic
serial bus.
Continuous self-supervision system including
both hardware and software. When a perma-
nent fault is detected, a control signal is deliv-
ered to the signal relay and the other outputs are
blocked.
1MRS 750100-MUM EN
Issued 1995-05-04
Modified 2002-06-24
Version C (replaces 34 SPCS 5 EN1)
Checked
Approved
3
Description of
operation
Directional earth-
fault protection
(modified 2002-06)
The directional earth-fault unit of the phase
overcurrent and earth-fault relay module SPCS
2D26 has two protection stages: a low-set cur-
rent stage I
01
> and a high-set current stage I
02
>.
The directional earth-fault unit measures the
neutral current I
0
, the residual voltage U
0
and
the phase angle between residual voltage and
neutral current. An earth-fault stage starts if all
of the three criteria below are fulfilled at the
same time:
- the residual voltage U
0
exceeds the start level
set for the U
0
> stage. The setting is the same
for stage I
01
> and stage I
02
>.
- the neutral current I
0
exceeds the set start value
of stage I
01
> or stage I
02
>.
- if the phase angle between residual voltage and
neutral current falls within the operation area
b
, where
b
is the characteristic basic
angle of the network and is the operation
sector.
The setting value of the characteristic basic
angle
b
of the network is selected according
to the earthing principle of the network, that
is, -90 in an isolated neutral network, and 0
in a resonant-earthed network, earthed through
an arc suppression coil (Petersen coil), with or
without a parallel resistor. The basic angle can
be set at -90, -60, -30 or 0 via the SGF
switches. In addition, the basic angle of the
network can be changed via an external control
signal, in which case the alternatives are -90 and
0. The operation sector can be set to 80
or 88 for both stages.
The operation direction can be measured ei-
ther using the phase-angle measuring principle
or the I
0
cos/I
0
sin principle. Normally, the
angle measuring principle is used, but, when
required, the I
0
cos principle can be used to
obtain selectivity with other I
0
cos/I
0
sin
measuring relays and to improve the operation
of healthy lines in an earth-fault situation.
The operation direction (forward or reverse) can
be individually selected for the two earth-fault
stages. When an reverse direction has been se-
lected, the operation characteristic is the same as
that illustrated in Fig. 1a) and 1b), but turned
180.
U
0
I
0
I
0_
>
NON-OPERATION
SECTOR
U
0
I
0
I
0_
b
NON-OPERATION SECTOR
>
Fig. 1a. Operation characteristic when the basic
angle
b
= -90.
Fig. 1b. Operation characteristic when the basic
angle
b
= 0.
Fig. 1c. Operation characteristic sin. Fig. 1d. Operation characteristic cos.
U
0
I
0
I
0
_>
2
2
U
0
I
0
I
0
_>
2 2
4
Fig. 1e. Operation characteristic of the directional earth-fault protection unit of the earth-fault relay
module SPCS 2D26 illustrated in an I
0
- diagram, when the basic angle
b
= 0.
Both earth-fault stages can be configured to
provide non-directional earth-fault protection.
Then the relay module measures neutral current
only, or it measures both neutral current and
residual voltage.
When starting, the earth-fault stage provides a
start signal, and at the same time an operation
code is lit on the display to indicate starting.
Should the stage still be started, when the oper-
ate time set for the stage elapses, it provides an
operate signal.
The angle between voltage and current allows
the direction of the fault location to be deter-
mined.
The operation of stage I
01
> and stage I
02
> can be
prevented by applying an external control signal
BS1, BS2 or RRES to the relay module. The
switchgroups SGB1...3 are used for configuring
the blocking signals.
The operation of the high-set stage I
02
> can be
totally inhibited. In such a situation the setting
value of the concerned stage is indicated as "- - -"
on the display.
A band-pass filter suppresses the harmonics of
the neutral current and the residual voltage
measured by the earth-fault relay module. For
example, the third harmonic is reduced by at
least 17 dB. Harmonics of higher order are
reduced even more.
Fig. 2. Filtering of the input circuits of the
neutral current I
0
and the residual voltage U
0
in
the directional earth-fault relay module SPCS
2D26.
N.B.! Changes in the functions of the earth-
fault stages I
01
> and I
02
> are presented in Ap-
pendix 1, page 29.
dB 10
0
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
f / f n
-90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
Io[%] / In
SGF2/8 = 0 SGF2/8 = 0
SGF2/8 = 1 SGF2/8 = 1
5
Residual voltage
protection
The neutral current stages I
01
> and I
02
> can be
configured to operate as residual voltage stages
in which case the directional earth-fault relay
module operates as a three-stage residual voltage
module. The three stages measure the same
voltage, but the sensitivity and the operate time
can be separately set for the stages. The alarm
and operate signals of the stages can be configured
to operate as desired output signals.
Three alternative rated voltages U
n
are available:
100 V, 110 V or 120 V. The switches SGF2/6
and SGF2/7 are used for selecting the desired
rated voltage.
The earth-fault relay module SPCS 2D26 is
provided with circuit-breaker failure protection
(CBFP), which provides an operate signal TS1
0.1...1 s after the operate signal TS2, TS3 or
TS4, unless the fault has disappeared during this
time. Generally, the control contacts of the
circuit-breaker failure protection are used for
operating the next circuit breaker towards the
source. The circuit-breaker failure protection
can also be used for establishing a redundant CB
trip system by providing the circuit breaker with
two tripping coils, one being controlled by the
signal TS2, TS3 or TS4 and the other by the
signal TS1. The switches SGF4/5...7 are used
for alerting the circuit-breaker failure protec-
tion. The operate time is set in subregister 5 in
register A.
Three external control signals BS1, BS2 and
RRES are available to the earth-fault relay mod-
ule SPCS 2D26. The control signals can be used
for blocking the operation of the protection
stages, for switching between main and second
settings and for resetting operation indicators,
output relays and registers, and for selecting the
basic angle. The switches of the SGB
switchgroups are used for configuring the exter-
nal control signals.
The switchgroups SGR1...SGR6 can be used to
link the start and operate signals of any protec-
tion stage to the desired output relays SS1...SS4
or TS1...TS4.
The switches SGF4/1...4 allow a latching fea-
ture to be selected for the output signals
TS1...TS4. When this function has been se-
lected, the output signal remains active, even
though the signal that caused the operation
resets. The means of resetting the output relays
are shown in the table in section "Resetting".
The operation of the TRIP indicator on the
front panel can be configured to be lit by the
activation of any output signal. The trip indica-
tor remains lit when the output signal resets.
The switchgroup SGF3 is used for configuring
the trip indicator. The means of resetting are
shown in the table in paragraph "Resetting".
Residual voltage
input
Circuit-breaker
failure protection
External control
signals
Output signals
The signal AR1 or AR3 is used to initiate an
auto-reclose sequence. The signals can be pro-
grammed to be activated by the start or operate
signals of the earth-fault stages. Switchgroup
SGF5 is used to select the initiation signals to be
used.
Initiation signals for
auto-reclosing
6
Second settings Two different setting values are available for the
relay: main setting values and second setting
values. Switching between these two types of
setting value can be done as follows:
1) Over the serial bus, using the command V150
2) By means of an external control signal: BS1,
BS2 or RRES
3) Via the push-buttons on the front panel of
the relay module and subregister 5 of register
A. Selecting the value 0 for the subregister
activates the main settings, whereas the value
1 activates the second settings.
The S parameters allow the main setting values
and second setting values to be read and set over
the serial bus. The push-buttons on the front
panel can be used for reading and setting the
actual setting values only.
Note!
If external control signals have been used for
selecting the main or second settings, it is not
possible to switch between the settings over the
serial bus or using the push-buttons on the front
panel.
The operation indicators on the front panel of
the relay module, the operation codes on the
display, latched output relays and the registers
of the relay module can be reset in three ways:
with the push-buttons on the front panel, via an
external control signal or a serial communica-
tion parameter as shown in the table below.
Means of resetting Operation Output Registers
RESET x
PROGRAM x
PROGRAM, when
display is dark x x
RESET & PROGRAM x x x
BS1, BS2 or RRES, when
SGB_/5 = 1 x
SGB_/6 = 1 x x
SGB_/7 = 1 x x x
Parameter V101 x x
Parameter V102 x x x
Resetting
7
Block schematic
diagram
Fig. 3. Block schematic diagram for earth-fault relay module SPCS 2D26
U
0
Residual voltage to be measured
I
0
Neutral current to be measured
BS1, BS2 and RRES External control signals
SGF1...5 Switchgroups for configuring the operation of the module
SGB1...3 Switchgroups for configuring the external control signals
SGR1...6 Switchgroups for configuring the output relay matrix
SS1...SS4,
TS1...TS4 Output signals
TRIP Red trip indicator
AR1, AR3 Internal initiation signals for auto-reclosing
Note!
All input and output signals of the module are
not necessarily wired to the terminals of every
relay assembly using this module. The signals
wired to the terminals are shown in the diagram
illustrating the flow of signals between the relay
modules of the relay assembly.
SPCS 2D26
U
0
I
0
U >
0b
U >
U >
0b
t >
01
I >
01
U >
02
I >
02
SGF1/1..2
SGB1..3/1
SECOND SETTINGS
SGB1...3/4
SGR1
SGR2
SGR3
SGR4
SGR5
SGR6
S
G
F
1
/
8
RRES
SGB1
SGB2
SGB3
80 ms
t
1
>
U
I
01
>/
01
>
t
2
>
80 ms
80 ms
TRIP INDICATOR + OUTPUT RELAY RESET
COMPLETE RELAY RESET
SGB1...3/6
SGB1...3/7
SGB1...3/5
TRIP INDICATOR RESET
b
&
&
AR1
AR3
SGF5/1
SGF5/2
SGF5/3
SGF5/4
SGF5/5
SGF5/6
SGF5/7
SGF5/8
SGF1/4
BS2
BS1
SGB1..3/2
SGF1/6
SGB1..3/3
I
02
>/ > U
02
0.1...1s
TRIP
RESET
TS2
4
RESET +
PROGRAM
TS4
8
RESET +
PROGRAM
TS3
6
RESET +
PROGRAM
SS1
1
TS1
2
1
RESET +
PROGRAM
SS2 3
SS3 5
SS4 7
SGF 4/1
SGF 4/2
SGF 4/3
SGF 4/4
1
1
1
1
SGF 4/5
SGF 4/6
SGF 4/7
SGF 3/1
SGF 3/2
SGF 3/3
SGF 3/4
SGF 3/5
SGF 3/6
SGF 3/7
SGF 5/8
SGF1/5
SGF4/8
BACTRL
SGB1...3/8
8
Front panel
Fig. 4. Front panel of earth-fault relay module SPCS 2D26
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCS 2D26
TRIP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
IRF
I
o
I
o
U
1
7
2
1
B
o
U
0b
> U %
s
b
> [ ] t
s
1
> [ ] t
01
> U % [ ]
01
> I % [ ]
02
> I % [ ]
s
2
> [ ] t
02
> U % [ ]
[ ]
Indicators for U
0
, I
0
and
Indicators for:
Start value of stage U
0b
>
Operate time t
b
>
Start value of stage I
01
>
01
>
Operate time t
1
>
02
>
02
>
Operate time t
2
>
Checksums of switchgroups SGF1...5
Checksums of switchgroups SGB1...3
Checksums of switchgroups SGR1...6
Device symbol
Self-supervision alarm
indicator
Display
RESET and STEP
push-button
Programming push-
button
Operation indicator
Type designation of
the relay module
9
Operation
indicators
(modified 2002-06)
Each earth-fault stage has its own start indicator
and operate indicator presented as a red number
on the display. In addition, the earth-fault stages
share a TRIP indicator located at the right
bottom corner of the relay module. The switch-
group SGF3 is used for configuring this TRIP
indicator.
The code indicating operation and the red TRIP
indicator remain lit after the relay has issued an
operate signal, thus facilitating the identifica-
tion of the stage that operated. The codes indi-
cating operation and the red TRIP indicator
remain lit, even though the stage resets, and have
to be separately reset. The numbers indicating
start go out when the stage resets. Should the
stage provide an operate signal before resetting,
the start indicating numbers start indicating
operation. When required, the trip indicator for
stage U
0b
>can be set to automatically reset when
the fault disappears. This function is selected
with the switch SGF2/1. A latching function
can be selected for the start indicators of the
stages I
0
_>and U
0
_> (switches SGF2/23).
This means that the indications have to be
manually reset.
Unreset operation indicators are reset with the
push-buttons on the front panel of the relay, via
an external control signal or over the serial bus,
see the table in the section "Description of
operation". Unreset indicators do not affect the
operation of the relay module.
The symbols of the numbers indicating start
and operation on the display and in the serial
communication parameters are explained in the
following table:
Operation Parameter V4 Symbol Explanation
code
1 1 U
0b
> START Start of residual voltage stage U
0b
>
2 2 U
0b
> TRIP Operation of residual voltage stage U
0b
>
3 3 I
01
>/U
01
> START Start of stage I
01
>/U
01
>
4 4 I
01
>/U
01
> TRIP Operation of stage I
01
>/U
01
>
5 5 I
02
>/U
02
> START Start of stage I
02
>/U
02
>
6 6 I
02
>/U
02
> TRIP Operation of stage I
02
>/U
02
>
A 12 CBFP Operation of circuit-breaker failure
protection
Note! When U
0b
is used as deblocking stage, set the time t
b
> to 300 s in order avoid the operation
indicator U
0b
> TRIP.
Once the self-supervision system of the relay
module has detected a permanent fault, the red
self-supervision alarm indicator IRF is lit. At the
same time the relay module delivers a control
signal to the output relays of the self-supervision
system of the relay assembly. In most cases a
fault code that shows the nature of the fault
appears on the display of the relay module. This
fault code consisting of a red digit 1 and a green
code number cannot be reset from the display.
The code should be recorded and stated when
service is ordered.
10
Settings The setting values are indicated by the three
right-most digits on the display. When a LED in
front of a setting value symbol is lit, it indicates
that that particular setting value is being dis-
played. The default setting is given in parenthe-
ses below the setting range.
Setting Description Setting range
(Default setting)
U
0b
> (%U
n
) Start voltage of stage U
0b
> as a percentage of the 2.0...80.0% U
n
rated voltage (2.0% U
n
)
t
b
> (s) Operate time of stage U
0b
> in seconds 0.1...300 s
(0.1 s)
I
01
> (%I
n
) Start current of stage I
01
> as a percentage of the 1.0...100% I
n
*)
rated current (1.0% I
n
)
U
01
> (%U
n
01
n
*)
n
)
t
1
> (s) Operate time of stage I
01
> or stage U
01
(0.1 s)
I
02
> (%I
n
) Start current of stage I
02
> as a percentage of the 1.0...100% I
n
*)
rated current (1.0% I
n
)
U
02
> (%U
n
02
n
*)
n
)
t
2
> (s) Operate time of stage I
02
> or stage U
02
(0.1 s)
CBFP Operate time of circuit-breaker failure protection 0.1...1.0 s
in seconds (0.2 s)
*) A state when the stage has been set out of use (switch SGF1/_) is indicated as "- - -" on the
display.
Note!
Changes in the functions of the earth-fault stages
I
01
> and I
02
> are presented in Appendix 1, page
29.
Note!
The rated voltage U
n
of the residual current
input, 100 V, 110 V or 120 V, is selected by
means of the software switches SGF2/6...7. The
configuration of the configuration switchgroups
SGF1...5, SGB1...3 and SGR1...6 are described
in the section "Configuration switches".
11
Configuration
switches
(modified 2002-06)
The switchgroups SGF1...5, SGB1...3 and
SGR1...6 are used to select additional functions
required for individual applications. In addition
to these switchgroups, the module is provided
with a switchgroup SGX, which can be pro-
grammed from the front panel via submenu 6 in
register A or over the serial SPA communication
using parameter V152. The number of the
switches, 1...8, and the position of the switches,
0 and 1, are displayed during the setting proce-
dure. Normally, the checksums of the switch-
groups are indicated on the display. These are
found in the main menu of the relay module, see
section "Main menus and submenus of settings
and registers". The default settings with check-
sums are also given in the tables. The calcula-
tion of the checksum is described in the end of
this section.
Switch Operation Default
SGF1/1 Selection of basic angle. The operation area of the protection = 0
SGF1/2 basic angle
b
operation sector. 0
SGF1/1 SGF1/2 Basic angle
0 0 -90
1 0 -60
0 1 -30
1 1 0
SGF1/3 Selection of operation direction for the low-set stage stage I
01
> 0
When SGF1/3 = 0, the low-set stage I
01
> operates in forward direction.
When SGF1/3 = 1, the low-set stage I
01
> operates in reverse direction.
SGF1/4 Selection of directional or non-directional operation for the low-set 0
stage I
01
>
When SGF1/4 = 0, the operation of the low-set stage I
01
> is directional.
When SGF1/4 = 1, the operation of the low-set stage I
01
> is non-
directional.
SGF1/5 Selection of directional or non-directional operation for the high-set 0
stage I
02
>
When SGF1/5 = 0, the operation of the high-set stage I
02
> is
directional.
When SGF1/5 = 1, the operation of the high-set stage I
02
> is
non-directional.
SGF1/6 Operation of stage I
02
>/U
02
> 0
When SGF1/6 = 0, the high-set stage I
02
>/U
02
> is alert
02
>/U
02
> is out of operation
SGF1/7 Selection of operation direction for the high-set stage stage I
02
> 0
02
> operates in forward direction.
02
> operates in reverse direction.
SGF1/8 Selection of I
0
/U
0
operation 0
When SGF1/8 = 0, the relay module provides two-stage neutral
current protection. In addition the relay module includes a separate
residual voltage stage.
When SGF1/8 = 1, the relay module provides three-stage residual
voltage protection.
SGF1 0
Switchgroup SGF1
12
Switchgroup SGF2
SGF2/1 Selection of mode of operation for the trip indicator of stage U
0b
>. 0
When SGF2/1 = 0, the operation indicator remains lit until manually
reset (latching function)
When SGF2/1 = 1, the operation indicator (2) resets once the fault
disappears.
SGF2/2 Selection of operation mode for the start indicators of the stages I
0
_> 0
SGF2/3 and U0_>. When the switches are in position 0, the start indicators reset 0
once the fault disappears. To select a latching indication mode of operation,
the SGF2 switch for the concerned stage has to be set in position 1:
When SGF2/2 = 1, the start indicator (3) for stage I
01
> or stage U
01
>
has to be manually reset.
When SGF2/3 = 1, the start indicator (5) for stage I
02
> or stage U
02
>
has to be manually reset.
SGF2/4 Selection of resetting time of stage I
01
>/U
01
> 0
SGF2/5 0
Switch Switch position
80 ms 100 ms 500 ms 1000 ms
SGF2/4 0 1 0 1
SGF2/5 0 0 1 1
SGF2/6 Selection of rated voltage U
n
for the residual voltage energizing circuit 0
SGF2/7 0
Switch Switch position
100 V 110 V 120 V Not in use
(100 V)
SGF2/6 0 0 1 1
SGF2/7 0 1 0 1
SGF2/8 Selection of operation areas for the directional earth-fault protection 0
When SGF2/8 = 0, the operation sector is 80
When SGF2/8 = 1, the operation sector is 88
SGF2 0
13
Switchgroup SGF3
SGF3/1 Selection of the output signal to control the front panel TRIP indicator. 0
SGF3/2 When the switch linked with the concerned output signal is in position 1, 1
SGF3/3 the TRIP indicator is lit by the activation of the signal. 0
SGF3/4 1
SGF3/5 Switch Controlled Switch position 0
SGF3/6 by signal TRIP is not lit TRIP is lit 1
SGF3/7 0
SGF3/8 SGF3/1 SS1 0 1 1
SGF3/2 TS1 0 1
SGF3/3 SS2 0 1
SGF3/4 TS2 0 1
SGF3/5 SS3 0 1
SGF3/6 TS3 0 1
SGF3/7 SS4 0 1
SGF3/8 TS4 0 1
SGF3 170
When the switch = 0, the output signal resets, when the signal that
caused the operation falls below the setting value.
When the switch = 1, the output signal remains active, even though
the signal that caused the operation falls below the setting value.
A signal provided with self-holding is reset via the push-buttons on
the front panel, an external control input or the serial bus,
see "Description of operation".
SGF4/5 Circuit-breaker failure protection (CBFP) started by signal TS2 0
When the switch = 1, an output signal TS_ starts the time circuit of
the circuitbreaker failure protection. If the set operate time elapses,
the output signal still being active, the relay issues a trip signal TS1.
When the switch = 0, the circuit-breaker failure protection is out of
operation.
SGF4/8 Selection of U
0
deblocking for the directional earth-fault stages I
01
> and I
02
>. 0
When SGF4/8 = 0, U
0
deblocking is in use
When SGF4/8 = 1, U
0
deblocking is not in use
SGF4 0
Switchgroup SGF4
14
Switchgroup SGF5 The switches of switchgroup SGF5 are used to
select those start and operate signals of the earth-
fault protection which are to be used as auto-
reclose initiation signal AR1 or AR3. The pro-
gramming of the signals is shown in the figure
below.
The start and operate signals are linked with the
desired signal lines AR1 or AR3, for example, by
circling the intersection of the signals. Each
intersection is marked with the number and
weighting value of the switch. The checksum of
the switchgroup is obtained by adding the weight-
ing values of the switches selected.
Fig. 5. Matrix for programming the AR initiation signals.
Operative stage
1 (1)
2 (2)
3 (4)
4 (8)
AR1
Autoreclose
initiation signal
AR3
5 = switchnumber
(16) = weighting factor
SGF5
5 (16)
5 (16)
6 (32)
7 (64)
8 (128)
I >/
U >
t >
01
01
1
t >
2
I >/
U >
02
02
SGF5
SGF5
SGF5 = switchgroup
Checksum
(factory setting)
SGF5 =
( = 0)
Switchgroup SGX The SGX switchgroup is programmed either
from the front panel via submenu 6 in register A
or over the serial communication using param-
eter V152.
SGX/1 Selection of operation principle for the directional earth-fault stages I
01
> 0
and I
02
>
When SGX/1= 0, phase-angle measuring function
When SGX/1= 1, I
0
cos function
SGX/2 Switches 26 are available in version SW 186 B presented in Appendix 1,
SGX/3 page 29.
SGX/4
SGX/5
SGX/6
15
Switchgroups
SGB1...3
The switchgroups SGB1...3 are used for
configuring the use of the control signals BS1,
BS2 and RRES. The matrix below can be used
for the programming. The control signals are
linked to each other, for example, by circling the
intersection of the lines. Each intersection is
marked with the number and the weighting
value of the switch. By adding the weighting
values of the switches selected the checksums of
the switchgroups are obtained to the right of the
matrix.
Main
Second
BS1
BS2
RRES
Indicators
Indicators,
self-hold.,
registers
Indicators,
self-hold.
SGB1=
SGB2=
SGB3=
2 4 8 16 32
Weighting
factor
1 64
2 3 4 6 1 7
2 3 4 5 6 1 7
2 3 4 5 6 1 7
5
t >
b
t >
1
t >
2
128
8
8
8
0
-90
(=0)
(=0)
(=0)
Checksum
(factory setting)
Fig. 6. Matrix for programming the earth-fault relay module SPCS 2D26.
Switch Operation
SGB_/1...3 Selection of the external control signals BS1, BS2 or RRES to be used for blocking
the earth-fault stages. When the switch is in position 1, the concerned stage is
blocked by the activation of the control signal.
SGB_/4 Selection of main setting values or second setting values using an external control signal.
When SGB_/4 = 0, the main or second setting values are determined according
to the actual setting, that is, the setting selected via command V150 over the serial
interface or manually with the pushbuttons.
When SGB_/4 = 1, an external control signal is used for selecting main setting or
second setting values. The main settings are active, when no control voltage is
applied to the control input, whereas the second settings are active, when a control
voltage is applied to the control input.
N.B. When SGB_/4 is in position 1, the relay module does not accept main
settings or second settings made over the serial interface or via the pushbuttons
on the front panel.
N.B. Only one of the switches SGB13/5 is allowed to be in position 1.
N.B. Switch SGB_/4 must always be in the same position in the main settings and
the second settings
SGB_/5 Resetting of front panel operation indicators
SGB_/6 Resetting of front panel operation indicators and latched output relays
SGB_/7 Resetting of front panel operation indicators, latched output relays and registers
SGB_/8 Selection of the basic angle
b
using an external control signal. Available
alternatives: 0 and -90.
When SGB_/8 = 0, the basic angle is determined according to the actual setting,
that is, the setting selected with switches SGF1/12.
When SGB_/8 = 1, the basic angle
b
is determined using an external control
signal. When no control voltage is applied to the input, the basic angle
b
= -90
and when a control voltage is applied to the input the basic angle
b
= 0.
16
Switchgroups
SGR1...6
The switchgroups SGR1...6 are used to configure
the start and and operate signals of the protec-
tion stages to operate as desired output signals
SS1...SS4 or TS1...TS4.
The matrix below can be used for the program-
ming. The start and operate signals are linked
with the desired output signal SS1...SS4 or
TS1...TS4, for example, by circling the intersec-
tion of the signals lines. The switch number is
marked at each intersection and the weighting
value of the switch is given under the matrix. By
adding the weighting values of the switches
selected the checksums of the switchgrops are
obtained to the right of the matrix. The checksum
of the factory setting is given in parenthesis.
Note!
Before starting the programming, check that all
the output signals of the relay module SPCS
2D26 are in use in the relay concerned.
U >
I > /
U >
0b
01
01
t >
b
I > /
U >
02
02
t >
1
t >
2
SGR1
SGR2
SGR3
SGR4
SGR5
SGR6
SS1 TS1 SS2 TS2 SS3 TS3 SS4 TS4
1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128
Switch-
group
Operative stage
SGR1 =
SGR2 =
SGR3 =
SGR4 =
SGR5 =
SGR6 =
Weighting factor
Output signal
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Checksum
(factory setting)
( = 0)
( = 42)
( = 0)
( = 42)
( = 0)
( = 42)
Fig. 7. Output relay matrix for earth-fault relay module SPCS 2D26
17
Example of
checksum
calculation
Switch Weighting value Position Value
SGF1/1 1 x 1 = 1
SGF1/2 2 x 0 = 0
SGF1/3 4 x 1 = 4
SGF1/4 8 x 0 = 0
SGF1/5 16 x 0 = 0
SGF1/6 32 x 0 = 0
SGF1/7 64 x 1 = 64
SGF1/8 128 x 0 = 0
Checksum of switchgroup SGF1 69
Measured data
LED Measured data Measuring range
indicator
U
0
Residual voltage measured by the relay module expressed 0...106% x U
n
as a percentage of the rated voltage U
n
I
0
Neutral current measured by the relay module expressed 0...210% x I
n
as a percentage of the rated current I
n
The phase angle is the difference between the basic angle
b
-1800...+180
selected and the earth-fault current I
0
.
N.B! The phase angle cannot be measured unless the input
signals are at least 0.3%. Otherwise the display shows "- - -".
being presented on the display is indicated by
yellow LEDs above the display.
The values measured are indicated by the three
green right-most digits on the display. The data
18
Recorded data
(modified 2002-06)
The left-most digit of the display shows the
address of the register and the other three digits
the value recorded. The structure of the registers
is presented in "Main menus and submenus of
settings and registers".
Registers 1...6 are updated once a protection
stage starts or starts and operates. Then the
previous items are moved one step forward the
oldest item being lost. The five latest values are
stored in the memory: the most recent value
stored in the main register and the other four
values in the subregisters.
Register/ Data recorded
STEP
1 Residual voltage U
0
expressed as a percentage of the rated voltage U
n
2 Neutral current I
0
expressed as a percentage of the rated current I
n
3 The phase angle between basic angle and current I
0
(see Figure 1a).
Once a protection stage starts, but without operating, the value measured at the
moment of start is recorded in registers 1...3. If one of the stages starts and provides
an operate signal, the value recorded at the moment of operation is stored in the
registers. The registers are updated when all the stages have reset.
4 Duration of the start situation of stage U
0b
> expressed as a percentage of t
b
>
5 Duration of the start situation of stage I
01
> or stage U
01
> expressed as a percentage
of t
1
>
6 Duration of the start situation of stage I
02
> or stage U
02
> expressed as a percentage
of t
2
>
Registers 4...6 store the duration of the start situations of the protection stages. The
values are expressed as a percentage of the set operate time. When the stage operates,
the counter reading is 100.
Registers 4...6 contain the subregister 5, which stores the number of times the
concerned stages have started (0...255)
19
Register/ Data recorded
STEP
0 Display of external blocking and control data. The right-most digit on the display
indicates the status of the external control signals. The following alternatives are
available:
Digit displayed Active signal
BS1 BS2 RRES
0
1 x
2 x
3 x x
4 x
5 x x
6 x x
7 x x x
The switchgroups SGB1...3 are used to configure the external control signals.
From this register the TEST mode of the output relays can be entered. In this test
mode the start and operate signals can be activated one by one. The test mode is
described in detail in the document"General characteristics of D- type SPC relay
modules".
A Address code of the earth-fault relay module, required for serial communication.
Register A contains the following additional subregisters:
1. Setting of the data transfer rate of the relay module: 4.8 or 9.6 kBd. Default
setting 9.6 kBd.
2. Bus traffic monitor. If the relay module is connected to a data communication
system and the communication operates properly, the value of the monitor is 0.
Otherwise the numbers 0...255 are rolling.
3. Password required for remote setting. The password (parameter V160) must
always be entered before a setting can be changed over the serial bus.
4. Selection of main and second settings (0 = main settings, 1 = second settings)
5. Setting of operate time for circuit-breaker failure protection, setting range
0.1...1.0 s. Default setting 0.2 s.
6. Switchgroup SGX. Detailed information on page 14 and in Appendix 1, page29.
Default setting 0.
When the display is dark, access to the begin-
ning of the main menu is gained by pressing the
STEP push-button on the front panel for more
than 1 s. Pressing the STEP push-button for less
than 0.5 s gives direct access to the end of the
main menu of the relay module.
The values recorded in registers 16 can be
reset by pressing the front panel pushbuttons
STEP and RESET simultaneously, with an ex-
ternal control signal, or via a serial communica-
tion parameter. In addition, an interruption in
the supply voltage will clear the registers, except
when SGX/2 = 1, in which case the data is stored
in a non-volatile memory. The setting values of
the module, the address code and the data
communication rate of the serial communica-
tion are stored in a non-volatile memory, which
retains the information at a power failure. In-
structions for setting the address and data trans-
fer rate of the module are given in the document
"General characteristics of D-type SPC relay
modules".
*) See Appendix 1
20
Main menus and
submenus of
settings and
registers
(modified 2002-06)
Fig. 8. Main menu and submenus for earth-fault relay module SPCS 2D26.
Residual voltage U
0
Neutral current I
0
Phase angle
Starting value U >
0b
Operation time t >
Starting value I >
01
Starting value U >
01
Operation time t >
1
Starting value I >
02
Starting value U >
02
Operation time t >
2
MAIN MENU
M
A
I
N
M
E
N
U
R
E
V.
S
T
E
P
.
5
s
F
W
D.
S
T
E
P
1
s
Latest memorized event (n),
value of residual voltage U0
1
value of neutral current I0
value of phase angle
Relay unit identification
adress for communication
Communication rate
setting [Baud]
Duration of event n,
starting of stage U > 0b
starting of stage I >/U > 01 01
starting of stage I >/U > 02 02
Loss of bus traffic
time counter 0..255 s
Status of external relay
blocking / control signal
000
A
1
U I t 0b & U0b 01 I 01&t 1 I &t 02 2 IRF
SUBMENU
REV. STEP 0.5 s FWD. STEP 1 s
Checksum of
switchgroup SGF1
1
1
Checksum of
switchgroup SGB1
1
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR1
I 02
1
2
3
4
5
6
0
A
b
b
2
1
2
2
1
3
2
1
4
2
1
5
2
1
6
2
Checksum of
switchgroup SGF2
2
Checksum of
switchgroup SGF3
3
Checksum of
switchgroup SGB2
2
Checksum of
switchgroup SGB3
3
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR2
2
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR3
3
1
1 2
Event n-1,
residual voltage U0
Event n-1,
neutral current I0
Event n-1,
phase angle
Duration of event n-1,
starting of stage U >
0b
Event n-2,
residual voltage U0
Event n-2,
neutral current I 0
Event n-2,
phase angle
starting of I >/U > 01 01
21
The procedure for entering a submenu or a
setting mode, the configuration of the module
and the operation of the TEST mode are de-
scribed in detail in the manual "General charac-
teristics of D-type SPC relay modules". Below a
simplified instruction.
Desired step or function Push-button Action
One step forward in main menu or submenu STEP Press for more than 0.5 s
Rapid browse forwards in main menu STEP Keep depressed
One step backwards in main menu or submenu STEP Press for less than 0.5 s
Entering a submenu from the main menu PROGRAM Press for 1 s
(activated when the
push-button is released)
Entering or quitting a setting mode PROGRAM Press for 5 s
Increasing a value in the setting mode STEP
Moving the cursor in the setting mode PROGRAM Press for about 1 s
Storing a setting value in the setting mode STEP & Press simultaneously
PROGRAM
Resetting of memorized values and latched STEP &
output relays PROGRAM
Resetting of latched output relays PROGRAM Note!
Display must be dark.
Password for
altering settings
A
6
5
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Checksum of
switchgroup SGF4
4
Checksum of
switchgroup SGF5
5
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR4
4
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR5
5
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR6
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
4 5
Selection of main
vs. second setting
Operation time for
CB failure protection
Event n-3,
residual voltage U
Event n-3,
neutral current I 0
Event n-3,
phase angle
Event n-4,
residual voltage U0
Event n-4,
neutral current I0
Event n-4,
phase angle
Number of stage U >
starts since latest reset
0b
Number of stage I >/U >
01 01
Number of stage I >/U >
02 02
0
6
Setting of switch-
group SGX
1
2
3
22
Technical data Residual voltage stage U
0b
>
Setting range U
0b
> 2.0...80.0% U
n
Start time, typical 100 ms
Operate time t
b
> 0.1...300 s
Resetting time, typical 60 ms
Pick-up/drop-off ratio, typical 0.96
Operate time accuracy 2% of set value of 25 ms
Operation accuracy 3% of set value
Low-set stage I
01
> or U
01
>
Operation direction of stage I
01
> forward or reverse
Basic angle
b
-90, -60, -30 or 0
Operation sector 80, 88.
Extended and reduced operation sector *)
Operation principle Phase-angle measuring function or
I
0
cos function
Operation characteristic of stage I
01
> directional or non-directional
Setting range I
01
> 1.0...100% I
n
Setting range U
01
> 2.0...80.0% U
n
Operate time t
1
> 0.1...300 s
Resetting time, typical 80, 100, 500 or 1000 ms
Operate time accuracy 2% of set value or 25 ms **)
Operation accuracy 3% of set value + 0.0005 x I
n
Start value of phase angle measurement
- neutral current 0.33% I
n
- residual voltage 0.2% U
n
High-set stage I
02
> or U
02
>
Operation direction of stage I
02
> forward or reverse
Basic angle
b
-90, -60, -30 or 0
Operation sector 80, 88.
Extended and reduced operation sector *)
Operation principle Phase-angle measuring function or
I
0
cos function
Operation characteristic of stage I
02
> directional or non-directional
Setting range I
02
> 1.0...100% I
n
Setting range U
02
> 2.0...80.0% U
n
Operate time t
2
> 0.1...300 s
Resetting time, typical 100 ms
Operate time accuracy 2% of set value or 25 ms
Operation accuracy 3% of set value + 0.0005 x I
n
*) See "Technical data affected by version SW 186 B", page 35
**) When the I
01
> stage is set to detect disruptive discharge pulses exceeding 100 ms (SGF2/4,5),
the operate time can be extended correspondingly (max. 1 s).
23
The event codes E50...E54 and the events rep-
resented by these are always included in event
reporting and cannot be excluded. The event
codes E52...E54 are generated by the control
data communicator (e.g. SRIO 1000M).
Event codes for earth-fault relay module SPCS 2D26:
Code Event Weighting Default
value
E1 Start of stage U
0b
> 1 1
E2 Start of stage U
0b
> reset 2 0
E3 Operation of stage U
0b
> 4 1
E4 Operation of stage U
0b
> reset 8 0
E5 Start of stage I
01
>/U
01
> 16 1
E6 Start of stage I
01
>/U
01
> reset 32 0
E7 Operation of stage I
01
>/U
01
> 64 1
01
>/U
01
> reset 128 0
E9 Start of stage I
02
>/U
02
> 256 1
E10 Start of stage I
02
>/U
02
> reset 512 0
02
>/U
02
> 1024 1
02
>/U
02
> reset 2048 0
Default of event mask V155 1365
E50 Restarting of microprocessor
E51 Overflow of event register
E52 Temporary disturbance in data communication
E53 The relay module does not respond over the data bus.
E54 The module responds again over the data bus
Serial
communication
parameters
(modified 2002-06)
Event codes
Special codes have been specified to represent
certain events such as start and operation of the
protection stages and different states of the
output signals. The event codes can be trans-
ferred to higher-level systems over the serial bus.
Events to be included in event reporting are
marked with a "1". An event mask is obtained by
adding the weighting values of the events in-
cluded, see the table below.
Event mask Codes Setting range Default setting
V155 E1...E12 0...4095 1365
V156 E13...E20 0...255 192
V157 E21...E28 0...255 12
24
Data to be
transferred over
the serial bus
In addition to the event codes input data (I data),
output data (O data), setting values (S data)
memorized data (V data), and some other data
can be read from the module over the serial bus.
The values of parameters marked with the letter
W can be changed over the SPA bus.
When a setting value is to be changed, either via
the push-buttons on the front panel or over the
serial bus, the relay module checks whether the
given parameter value is legal. A value outside
the permitted setting range will not be memo-
rized, but the previous setting will be retained.
Changing a setting parameter over the serial bus
requires a password in the range 1..999. The
default setting is 1.
The password is opened by giving the serial
communication parameter V160 the desired
numerical value. Parameter V161 is used for
closing the password. The password is also closed
by failures in the voltage supply.
The push-buttons of the relay module or a
command given over the serial bus can be used
to change the password. To be able to change the
password over the serial bus, the password first
has to be opened. The new password is entered
using parameter V161. When using the push-
buttons, the new password is written in the place
of the old one in subregister 3 of register A.
Should the wrong password be given seven
times, it turns into a zero and can no longer be
opened over the serial bus. Then the password
can be given a new numerical value via the push-
buttons only.
R = data to be read from the module
W = data to be written to the module
(P) = writing allowed through a password
The parameters I1...I6 can be used to read
measured values (R) and status data of external
control signals. Value 1 for a parameter I4...I6
means that the signal is active.
Data Parameter Values
Residual voltage U
0
measured I1 0...106% x U
n
Neutral current I
0
measured I2 0...210% x I
n
Phase angle between basic angle
b
and I
0
I3 -1800...+180,
999 = signal too low
to be measured
Control signal BS1 I4 0 and 1
Control signal BS2 I5 0 and 1
Control signal RRES I6 0 and 1
Input data
25
Outputs The actual status data provide information about
the present status of the signals. The events
stored in the memory indicate those signal
activations which have taken place after the
resetting of the relay module. When the value is
0, the signal is not activated and when the value
is 1, the signal has been activated.
Status data of protection stages
Protection stage/signal Actual status Memorized Values
data (R) events (R)
Stage U
0b
>, start signal O1 O21 0 or 1
Stage U
0b
>, operate signal O2 O22 0 or 1
Stage I
01
>/U
01
Stage I
01
>/U
01
Stage I
02
>/U
02
Stage I
02
>/U
02
Signal activations
Output signal Actual status Memorized Values
data (R,W,P) events (R)
Permission for remote control of output signals O41 0 or 1
26
Setting values
Setting Actual Main Second Setting range
values(R) setting setting
values values
(R,W,P) (R,W,P)
0b
> S1 S41 S81 2.0...80% U
n
Operate time of stage U
0b
> S2 S42 S82 0.1...300 s
01
> S3 *) S43 S83 1.0...100% I
n
01
> S4 *) S44 S84 2.0...80% U
n
01
>/U
01
> S5 S45 S85 0.1...300 s
02
> S6 *) S46 S86 1.0...100% I
n
02
> S7 *) S47 S87 2.0...80% U
n
02
>/U
02
> S8 S48 S88 0.1...300 s
Checksum, SGF1 S9 S49 S89 0...255
Checksum, SGB1 S14 S54 S94 0...255
Checksum, SGR1 S17 S57 S97 0...255
Circuit-breaker failure operate time - S121 S121 0.1...1.0 s
*) If the stage is out of use, the actual value of this stage is indicated as 999.
Value measured Code Data Values
direction
Number of starts, stage U
0b
> V1 R 0...255
Number of starts, stage I
01
> or U
01
> V2 R 0...255
Number of starts, stage I
02
> or U
02
> V3 R 0...255
Operation indicator V4 R 0...6, 12 *)
*) See "Operation indicators"
Measured and stored
parameter values
The parameters V11...V56 can be used to read
the five latest values stored in the registers to be
read. Event n = is the most recent value recorded,
event n-1 = the value before that, and so on.
Value measured Event Measuring
n n-1 n-2 n-3 n-4 range
Residual voltage U
0
(register1) V11 V21 V31 V41 V51 0...106% I
n
Neutral current (register 2) V12 V22 V32 V42 V52 0...210% I
n
Phase angle (register 3) V13 V23 V33 V43 V53 -1800...+180,
999 = signal
too low to be
measured
Duration of start sitaution, V14 V24 V34 V44 V54 0...100%
stage U
0b
> (register 4)
Duration of start situation, V15 V25 V35 V45 V55 0...100%
stage I
01
> or U
01
> (register 5)
Duration of start situation, V16 V26 V36 V46 V56 0...100%
stage I
02
> or U
02
> (register 6)
27
Data Code Data Values
direction
Resetting of front panel operation
indicators and latched output relay V101 W 1 = resetting
Resetting of operation indicators,
output relays and registers V102 W 1 = resetting
Remote control of settings V150 R,W 0 = main settings active
1 = second settings active
Switchgroup SGX V152 R, W(P) 0...63
Event mask for stages U
0b
>, I
01
/U
01
> V155 R,W 0...4095, see "Event codes"
and I
02
/U
02
>
Event mask for output signals V156 R,W 0...255, see "Event codes"
Event mask for output signals V157 R,W 0...255, see "Event codes"
Opening of password for remote setting V160 W 1...999
Changing or closing password
for remote setting V161 W(P) 0...999
Activation of self-supervision V165 W 1 = self-supervision output
is activated and IRF LED
is lit
EEPROM formatting V167 W(P) 2 = formatting
Internal fault code V169 R 0...255
Data communication address of
relay module V200 R,W 1...254
Data transfer rate V201 R,W 4.8 or 9.6 kBd
Program version symbol V205 R 117_
Reading of event register L R Time, channel number
and event code
Re-reading of event register B R Time, channel number
event code
Type designation of relay module F R SPCD 2D26
Reading of module status data C R 0 = normal status
to automatic reset
2 = overflow of event
register
3 = events 1 and 2 together
Resetting of module status data C W 0 = resetting
Time reading or setting T R,W 00,000...59,999 s
re-read the contents of the register. When re-
quired, the B command can be repeated. In
28
Fault codes
4 Faulty trip relay path or missing output relay card
30 Faulty program memory (ROM)
50 Internal RAM faulty
51 Parameter memory (EEPROM) block 1 faulty
52 Parameter memory (EEPROM) block 2 faulty
53 Parameter memory (EEPROM) block 1 and block 2 faulty
54 Parameter memory (EEPROM) block 1 and block 2 faulty, different checksums
55 Faulty parameter area in RAM
56 Parameter memory (EEPROM) key fault. To be formatted by giving parameter V167
the value 2.
195 Too low a value in reference channel with multiple 1
203 Too high a value in reference channel with multiple 1
252 I
0
channel faulty
253 No interruption from A/D converter
29
Appendix 1
General
Appendix 1 describes the improvements made
in the operation of the directional earth-fault
stages I
01
> and I
02
> of the relay module SPCS
2D26 at normal and intermittent earth faults
on the faulted line or on healthy lines. The
changes are valid in program version SW 186 B
and later.
Description of
functions added
to version SW 186 B
or later
Storing of recorded data in non-volatile memory
An optional function to be selected with switch
SGX/2 has been added to the module SPCS
2D26. This function enables the recorded data
to be stored in a non-volatile memory. The
recorded data, i.e. residual voltage U
0
, neutral
current I
0
, phase angle , duration of the start
situation of U
0b
, duration of the start situation
of I
01
> or U
01
>, are retained also during a power
supply failure, provided the recorded data in-
clude one or more trip functions.
Extending the negative part of the operation sector
of the earth-fault stages
An optional function, selectable with switches
SGX3 and SGX4, extending the negative part of
the operation sector to -120 or -170 have been
added to the directional earth-fault stages I
01
>
and I
02
>. As the operation sector of the earth-
fault stages can be set to -120 or -170, the
operation of the earth-fault relay of the faulted
line can be considerably improved at an inter-
mittent earth fault.
Reducing the positive part of the operation sector of
the earth-fault stages
An optional function, selectable with switches
SGX/5 and SGX/6, reducing the positive part of
the operation sector to +60, +70 or +80,
when SGF2/8 = 0 (+68, +78 or +88, when
SGF2/8 = 1) have been added to the directional
earth-fault stages I
01
> and I
02
>. This function
can be selected in special situations, where the
phase angle measured for the healthy line may
turn towards the operation area.
Intermittent earth
faults
A typical intermittent earth fault consists of one
or several earth fault current peaks during one
disruptive discharge. The peak current is very
high and the time between the disruptive dis-
charges may exceed 200 ms. For intermittent
earth fault settings, see "Recommendations for
setting the relay module SPCS 2D26", page 35.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
-100 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
[ms]
0
I
0
U
Figure 1. An intermittent earth fault measured in an underground cable.
30
Programming
switches SGX/2...6
The programming switches SGX/2...6 have been
put into use. The switches can be programmed
either from the front panel of the module, via
submenu 6 in register A, or over the serial SPA
communication, parameter V152.
Functions to be selected with the programming
switchgroup SGX:
Switch Function Default
setting
SGX/1 Selection of operation principle for the directional earth-fault stages I
01
> 0
and I
02
>
When SGX/1 = 0, phase-angle measuring function
When SGX/1 = 1, I
0
cos function
1)
1)
When the operation sector -120 or -170 has been selected with the
switches SGX/3 and SGX/4, the phase-angle measuring function will
be automatically selected for the negative side and a I
0
cos function for
the positive side, see figure 2, page 32.
SGX/2 Selection of principle of storing recorded data 0
When SGX/2 = 0, recorded data are stored in a volatile memory,
i.e. the data will be lost at a supply voltage failure
When SGX/2 = 1, recorded data are stored in a non-volatile memory
SGX/3...4 Selection of negative operation sector for the directional earth-fault 0
stages I
01
> and I
02
>
SGX/3 SGX/4 Operation sector Operation sector
when SGF2/8 = 0 when SGF2/8 = 1
0 0 - 80 - 88
1 0 -120 -120
0 1 -170 -170
1 1 -120 -120
SGX/5...6 Selection of positive operation sector for the directional earth-fault 0
stages I
01
> and I
02
>
SGX/5 SGX/6 Operation sector Operation sector
when SGF2/8 = 0 when SGF2/8 = 1
0 0 +80 +88
1 0 +70 +78
0 1 +60 +68
1 1 +60 +68
SGX/7...8 Not in use 0
31
Configuration
alternatives for
the directional earth-
fault stages
1. Earth-fault stages with phase-angle measuring function
U
0
I
0
= 0
b
I _> = 1,0 % x I
0 n
Operation
area
Non-operation
area
Positive
operation
area
Negative
operation
area
Fig.1. Example of three operation areas: , -80...0...+80, -120...0...+80 and -170...0...+80,
when the basic angle is
b
= 0.
Table 1: Operation areas to be selected with the SGX switches at phase-angle measuring function
Switch Earth-fault stages with phase-angle measuring function, SGX/1 = 0
Stage I
01
> and I
02
>
SGF2/8 SGX/5 SGX/6 SGX/3=0 & SGX/4=0 SGX/3=1 & SGX/4=0 SGX/3=0 & SGX/4=1
0 0 0 -80...0...+80 -120...0...+80 -170...0...+80
0 1 0 -80...0...+70 -120...0...+70 -170...0...+70
0 0 1 -80...0...+60 -120...0...+60 -170...0...+60
1 0 0 -88...0...+88 -120...0...+88 -170...0...+88
1 1 0 -88...0...+78 -120...0...+78 -170...0...+78
1 0 1 -88...0...+68 -120...0...+68 -170...0...+68
32
2. Earth-fault stages with I
0
cos function on the positive sector and phase-angle measuring
function on the negative sector
U
0
I _> = 5,0 x I
0 n
I
0
= 0
b
Operation
area
Non-operation
area
Positive
operation
area
Negative
operation
area
Fig.2. Example of two operation areas: , -120...0...+80 & I
0
cos and -170...0...+80 &
I
0
cos, when the basic angle
b
= 0.
Table 2: Operation areas to be selected with the SGX switches at I
0
cos function on the positive
sector and phase-angle measuring function on the negative sector
Switch Earth-fault stages with I
0
cos function on the positive sector
and phase-angle measuring function on the negative sector.
SGX/1 = 1 & SGX/3 = 1 or SGX/4 = 1
Stage I
01
> and I
02
>
SGF2/8 SGX/5 SGX/6 SGX/3=1 & SGX/4=0 SGX/3=0 and SGX/4=1
0 0 0 -120...0...+80 & I
0
cos -170...0...+80 & I
0
cos
0 1 0 -120...0...+70 & I
0
cos -170...0...+70 & I
0
cos
0 0 1 -120...0...+60 & I
0
cos -170...0...+60 & I
0
cos
1 0 0 -120...0...+88 & I
0
cos -170...0...+88 & I
0
cos
1 1 0 -120...0...+78 & I
0
cos -170...0...+78 & I
0
cos
1 0 1 -120...0...+68 & I
0
cos -170...0...+68 & I
0
cos
33
3. Earth-fault stages with I
0
cos function on the positive and the negative sector
U
0
I
0
= 0
b
I _> = 5,0 x I
0 n
Operation area
Non-operation area
Positive
operation
area
Negative
operation
area
Fig.3. Example of operation area -80 & I
0
cos...0...+80 & I
0
cos, when the basic angle is
b
= 0.
Table 3: Operation areas to be selected with SGX switches at I
0
cos function on the negative and
the positive sector.
Switch Earth-fault stages with I
o
cosj function on both sectors,
SGX/1 = 1 & SGX/3 = 0 & SGX/4 = 0
Stage I
01
> and I
02
>
SGF2/8 SGX/5 SGX/6
0 0 0 -80 & I
0
cos...0...+80 & I
0
cos
0 1 0 -80 & I
0
cos...0...+70 & I
0
cos
0 0 1 -80 & I
0
cos...0...+60 & I
0
cos
1 0 0 -88 & I
0
cos...0...+88 & I
0
cos
1 1 0 -88 & I
0
cos...0...+78 & I
0
cos
1 0 1 -88 & I
0
cos...0...+68 & I
0
cos
34
Fig.4 Overview of operation areas of the directional earth-fault stages, when the basic angle
b
= 0
and the start current I
0
_> = 1.0% x I
n
at phase-angle measuring function and 5.0% x In at I
0
cos
measuring function.
-170 -120 -90 -60 -30 0 30 60 90
I _> = 1 % x I
0
n
I _> = 5 % x I
0
n
10
20
40
80
100
60
120
I [%]/I
0
n
Phase-angle
measuring function cos() measuring operation
35
Technical data
affected by
versions
SW 186 B
Earth-fault stages I
01
> and I
02
>
Operation sector SW: -117 _, 186 A -80, -88
-186 B -80, -88, -120, -170 (+60, +68, +70, +78)
Recommenda-
tions for setting
the module
SPCS 2D26,
SW 186 B
To maximize the functionality of the module at earth faults apt to develop into intermittent faults,
the following module settings are recommended
Definition of setting values
- The residual voltage U
0b
> is calculated as normal.
- The start current for the earth-fault stages I
01
> and I
02
> are calculated as normal.
- The operate times t
01
> and t
02
> are calculated as normal.
Programming of switches
SGF1/1 = 1 basic angle 0 for resonant-earthed networks
SGF2/2 = 1 - " -
SGF2/4 = 0 I
01
> reset time 500 ms
SGF2/5 = 1 - " -
SGF2/8 = 0 operation area, = 80
SGX/3 = 0 negative operation area of stages I
01
> and I
02
>, -170
SGX/4 = 1 - " -
SGX/1 = 1 I
0
cos function on the positive side
SGX/5 = 0 positive operation area +80
SGX/6 = 0 - " -
Other settings
Other module settings have to be adapted to the calculations made for the line and the network.
Other issues to consider
Reactor compensation
To obtain maximum protection for both the faulted line and the healthy lines, a compensation
degree of 510% (overcompensated) is recommended.
Residual voltage relay
To avoid unselective tripping by the residual voltage relay, the operate time of the relay must be long
enough compared to the operate times of the directional earth-fault relays of the feeders. At an
intermittent earth fault, the earth-fault stages of the faulted line may be delayed. For this reason,
the operate time of the residual voltage relay is at least 5 s (or at least twice the operate time of the
directional earth-fault stages).
Local recommendations and regulations
In this document we have paid no attention to local recommendations and regulations, which have
to be considered by the user.
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCT 5D54
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
IRF AR1
DEF
TRIP
AR3 AR2
O I
Shot 1
Shot 2
Shot 3
Shot 4
Shot 5
r
t
d
t
Final trip
0
0
2
2
A
AR4
SPCT 5D54
Auto-reclose relay module
2
SPCT 5D54
Auto-reclose relay module
Contents
Features From one to five successive auto-reclose (AR)
shots selectable
Three internal AR initiation lines from the
overcurrent and earth-fault stages
One external AR initiation line
Auto-reclosing initiated by start and trip signals
Final tripping by the protection or by the auto-
reclose module after a preset time delay
Circuit breaker control over serial port and
optical bus
Digital display of setting values and recorded
values
Setting values to be entered via front panel push-
buttons or a PC
Continuous self-supervision including both soft-
ware and hardware
At an internal fault the self-supervision system
relay operates and the outputs of the module are
blocked
Features .......................................................................................................................... 2
Application ..................................................................................................................... 3
Block schematic diagram (modified 96-12) ..................................................................... 4
AR shots and final trip function ................................................................................ 6
Setting instructions .................................................................................................... 6
Initiation of auto-reclosing ........................................................................................ 7
Discriminating time and reclaim time ....................................................................... 8
Final trip function ..................................................................................................... 8
DEF.TRIP alarm....................................................................................................... 8
Lock-out .................................................................................................................... 8
Interruption of auto-reclosing.................................................................................... 9
Circuit breaker supervision logic ............................................................................... 9
Aids to circuit breaker maintenance ........................................................................... 9
CBFAIL alarm......................................................................................................... 10
Synchrocheck input ARSYNC................................................................................. 10
Inhibition of circuit breaker closing CINH............................................................ 10
AR inhibition and interruption input ARINH....................................................... 10
Recording of auto-reclose operations ....................................................................... 10
Resetting ................................................................................................................. 10
Front panel ................................................................................................................... 11
Settings (modified 96-12) .............................................................................................. 13
Configuration switchgroups (modified 96-12) .............................................................. 15
Recorded data ............................................................................................................... 19
Main menu and submenus for settings and registers ..................................................... 22
Technical data .............................................................................................................. 24
Event codes ................................................................................................................... 24
Data to be transferred over the serial bus (modified 96-12) ........................................... 27
Trouble shooting .......................................................................................................... 33
Definitions ................................................................................................................... 35
1MRS 750095-MUM EN
Issued 95-05-05
Modified 96-12-16
Version C (replaces 34 SPCT 7 EN1)
Checked TK
Approved TK
3
Application The majority (about 80-85%) of MV overhead
line faults are transient and are automatically
cleared by momentarily deenergizing the line.
The rest of the faults (15-20%) can be cleared by
longer interruptions. Deenergizing of the fault
place for the desired period of time is imple-
mented by auto-reclose relays. Auto-reclose re-
lays are capable of clearing most of the faults. At
a permanent fault auto-reclosing is followed by
final tripping. A permanent fault has to be
located and cleared before the fault location can
be reenergized.
The auto-reclose module SPCT 5D54 can be
used for auto-reclosing together with any circuit
breaker suitable for auto-reclosing. The module
provides five programmable auto-reclose shots
which can perform from one to five successive
auto-reclosures of desired type and duration, for
instance, one high-speed and one delayed auto-
reclosure. When reclosing is initiatiated by start
of the protection, the auto-reclose module is
capable of tripping the circuit breaker finally in
a short operate time, if the fault still persists
when the last reclosure selected has been carried
out.
Fig. 1 illustrates a typical auto-reclose situation,
where one auto-reclose shot has been performed
after the fault was detected. In case a) the auto-
reclose shot is initiated by a start signal of the
protection, after the start delay time has elapsed.
In case b) the auto-reclose shot is initiated by a
trip signal of the protection. In both cases the
auto-reclose sequence was successful.
Auto-reclose initiated
by start of protection
Auto-reclose initiated
by trip of protection
Protective relay
Auto-reclose relay
Circuit breaker (CB)
Protective relay
Auto-recloser
Circuit breaker (CB)
Instant of fault
Start signal
Start delay time
CB open
pulse
Open
Close
Dead time
CB close
pulse
Start signal
Open
Close
Dead time
CB close
pulse
Trip
signal
Reclaim time Shot 1
Reclaim time Shot 1
Operating time
Operating time
a)
b)
Fig. 1. Signal scheme illustrating the auto-reclose operation
4
Fig. 2. Simplified block diagram for auto-reclose relay module SPCT 5D54
Initiation
Blocking
Start delay
time 1...20
&
SHOT 1...5
AR1AR4
1
1
1
1
t
Initiation
Final Trip
time 1...4
DEF. TRIP
Circuit breaker
control logic
Sequence control
(Shot pointer)
CBPOS, ARINH
CINH, ARSYNC
Maintenance monitor
CBOS, CBCS
CBFAIL
Definite Trip from a
protection module
FINAL TRIP
DEF. TRIP ALARM
1
1
1
t
&
t
t
t
Dead time 1...5
td1...4
tr
S
R
X1 (auto-reclose sequences)
Block schematic
diagram
SPCT 5D54
RESET
SS1
TS1
SS2
TS2
SS3
TS3
SS4
CBCS
RRES
SGR1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
DEF
TRIP
COMPLETE RELAY RESET
SGB1..3/5
SGB1..3/4
OPERATION INDICATOR RESET
SGR10
SGR11
Shot 1 due
SGR2
SGR3
SGR4
SGR5
SGR6
SGR7
SGR8
SGR9
Shot 2 due
Shot 3 due
Shot 4 due
Shot 5 due/tr due
Def trip AR1
CBOS
CBFAIL
Def trip AR2
Def trip AR3
Def trip AR4
CBCS
AR1
AR2
AR3
AR4
CBPOS
ARINH
ARCTRL
BS2
RRES
SGB1...2/1
SGB1
SGB2
SGB3
SGB1...2/2
SGB1...2/3
ARSYNC
CINH
X3
SGF3/1
SGF3/2
SGF3/3
SGF3/4
SGF3/5
SGF3/6
autoreclose
sequences
X1
AR1
AR2
AR3
SGB2/6
5
AR initiation signals
AR1 Internal AR initiation line from protection relay modules
AR4 AR initiation line via an external control input
AR control signals
CBPOS Circuit breaker position signal (energized = open)
ARINH Signal for AR interruption and inhibition
ARCTRL External AR control signal, to be configured with the SGB1 switches
BS2 External AR control signal, to be configured with the SGB2 switches
RRES Internal AR reset signal, to be configured with the SGB3 switches
ARSYNC External signal for AR synchrocheck (energized = enabled)
CINH External signal for blocking of CB closing (energized = blocked)
Output signals to be configured
SHOT1DUE Signal "AR shot 1 due"
DEFTRIP AR1 Signal "AR failed or final trip by AR1"
CBOS Signal for CB opening (tripping)
CBFAIL Signal "CB opening or closing failed"
Output relays
SS1...SS4 Signal relays
TS1...TS3 Heavy-duty relays, one-pole CB control
CBCS Heavy-duty relay, two-pole CB closing
Configuration switches
SGF Switchgroup for configuring the functions
SGB Switchgroup for configuring the control inputs
SGR Switchgroup for configuring the output signals
Explanation of abbreviations used
AR Auto-reclosing
CB Circuit breaker
AR_ Auto-reclose initiation lines AR1...AR4
CBOS Signal for circuit breaker opening (tripping)
CBCS Signal for circuit breaker closing (CB close signal)
CBFAIL Signal for circuit breaker failure
Def trip Alarm for definite tripping
t
r
Reclaim time
t
d
Discriminating time
6
Setting
instructions
Description of
operation
AR shots and final
trip function
The operation of the auto-recloser is illustrated
in Figure 3. The shot pointer indicates the shot
to start when the auto-reclose module receives
its AR initiation signal through one of the
initiation lines AR1...AR4. The boxes beneath
the initiation lines AR1...AR4 determine the
action to be taken when an auto-reclose initia-
tion signal is received. Start means that an auto-
reclose shot is initiated, block means that the
autoreclose shot is prevented when the initia-
tion signal is active. Dash means that no action
will be taken.
The programmable start delay associated with
the boxes in the gray area is activated, if the auto-
reclose shot is initiated by the start signal of a
protection stage (selected with SGF1). After the
start delay the circuit breaker is opened by the
auto-reclose module. When the auto-reclose
shot is initiated from the trip signal of the
protection, a protective relay module trips the
circuit breaker and initiate the AR shot simulta-
neously.
The AR shots start from tripping of the circuit
breaker and the dead time of the shot is started.
When the dead time has elapsed, the circuit
breaker is closed and simultaneously reclaim
and discrimination time starts running. A new
initiation signal received during the discrimina-
tion time will inhibit further AR shots and the
shot pointer moves to stage (6). An auto-reclose
request during the reclaim time will increase the
shot pointer and performs the function selected.
If not, the shot pointer moves down to the stage
(7). At this point the AR module is locked-out
during the reclaim time, after which the shot
pointer is reset and the module is prepared for a
new AR sequence.
Final trip function
Dead time 1
Dead time 2
Dead time 3
Dead time 4
Dead time 5
Shot 1
Shot 2
Shot 3
Shot 4
Shot 5
Final Trip
Lock-out
Start
Block
-
-
-
Yes
Start
Start
-
-
-
Yes
Start
Start
-
-
-
No
Start
-
-
-
-
Yes
I
n
i
t
i
a
t
i
o
n

s
i
g
n
a
l

A
R
1
I
n
i
t
i
a
t
i
o
n

s
i
g
n
a
l

A
R
2
I
n
i
t
i
a
t
i
o
n

s
i
g
n
a
l

A
R
3
E
x
t
e
r
n
a
l

i
n
i
t
.

s
i
g
n
a
l

A
R
4
Reclaim time
td1
td2
td3
td4
S
h
o
t

p
o
i
n
t
e
r
Shot pointer = Shot 1
Ready to respond to new fault incidents
Circuit breaker
closing
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
Fig. 3. Functional diagram for the auto-reclose relay module SPCT 5D54
All settings are made using the front mounted
push buttons or via the serial interface with the
SPA parameters. The relay operating sequence
can be determined by using the gray area in the
figure above. The text in the boxes are then
converted to numbers as follows: Dash (-)=0,
Start=1, Block=2, Yes=1 and No=0.
Example, make the settings for shot 2 with push
buttons:
1) the text in the boxes of shot 2 converted to
numbers is 2,1,1,0
2) press the push button STEP until the indica-
tor "shot 2" is lit.
3) set the value 211 in the main menu
4) set the value 0 in the first submenu of shot2
The dead time of the shot is set in the second
submenu and the submenus 3...6 contains the
start delay settings. Detailed examples of push-
button operations is contained in section Set-
tings and Examples of push-button operations
in General characteristics of D-type SPC relay
modules.
When making the same setting via the serial
communication each box is represented by a
SPA parameter (2S2=2, 2S3=1, 2S4=1 and
2S5=0).
7
Initiation of auto-
reclosing
The protective stages to initiate or block the AR
functions are selected with SGF switches of the
protective relay modules. See sections "auto-
reclose initiation signals" in the userguides of
the protective relay modules.
The start of the AR shots are subject to the
following conditions:
1) An AR shot of a value smaller than that
indicated by the shot pointer cannot be started
2) An initiation signal (AR1...4) has to be active
and the corresponding setting has to be Start.
3) No initiation signal that inhibits (Block) the
shot must be active
4) Should a start delay have been set for the AR
shot (rf. Auto-reclose shot initiated by a start
signal of a protection relay module), the
initiation signal still has to be active when the
start delay elapses, to enable initiation of the
AR shot.
Example (see Figure 3):
The initiation signals AR1 and AR2 are as-
sumed to be activated when the value of the shot
pointer is 2 (AR shot 1 has just been made). AR
shot 2 would be the next one to start, but it is
blocked by AR1. The AR shots 3...5 have not
been configured to be initiated by either signal,
but the final trip function (6) has. So the next
operation will be final tripping.
An AR shot initiated by a trip signal of the
protection (SGF1/1...5 = 0) starts immediately.
The circuit breaker is then opened by a protec-
tion relay module.
A start delay can be set to delay the start of an AR
shot. Separate start delays can be set for each box
in the gray area in Figure 3.
When the AR shot is to be initiated by the start
signal of the protection (SGF1/1...5=1), the
circuit breaker is opened by the auto-reclose
module as soon as the start delay time of the
concerned AR shot has elapsed. The value zero
can also be selected for the start delay.
What is important for the start delay is that the
corresponding initiation signal remains active
throughout the time. Should the initiation sig-
nal reset the time delay starts from zero again.
The use of another initiation signal for blocking
the start of an AR shot does not influence the
time delay.
In the example in Fig. 4 input AR2 has a starting
function and AR1 an blocking function. In case
a) momentary activation of input AR1 does not
influence the start of the AR shot, nor the start
delay. The input AR1 used for blocking in case
b) remains active for a longer time than the start
delay of AR2. The AR shot is started 50 ms after
the blocking via AR1 is reset.
AR2
(Start)
Start delay time
Shot started
AR2
AR1
Start delay time
Shot started
AR1
(Block)
50 ms delay after
block signal reset
50 ms delay after
block signal reset
a) b)
Fig. 4. Examples of AR initiation
An auto-reclose shot can be blocked by e.g. a
high-set overcurrent stage. If an activation of
initiation line AR1 is selected to block shot 1 it
means that shot 1 is blocked as long as the
initiation line AR1 is activated. However shot 2,
3, 4, 5 or the final trip function can be initiated.
The block function does not increase the value
of the shot pointer so if no shot or final trip can
be initiated the AR module will wait until the
block signal is reset or that the protection per-
forms definite tripping.
Auto-reclose shot
initiated by a trip
signal
Auto-reclose shot
initiated by a start
signal
Auto-reclose shot
blocked by an
initiation signal
8
Discriminating time
and reclaim time
Definete tripping of the circuit breaker can be

carried out by a trip signal of the protection or
by the final trip function (6) of the auto-reclose
module. The final trip function (6) has to be
initiated by the start of the protection and allows
final CB tripping to be carried out in a shorter
time than the operate time of the protective
relay module. In this case the fault is most
probably of a permanent nature, and waiting for
the protection relay to trip might aggravate the
damage further. For the final trip function (6)
the desired trip time can be selected separately
for the initiation signals.
The purpose of the DEF.TRIP alarm is to give
an alarm when, after tripping of the CB, further
auto-reclosures are prevented.
A DEF TRIP alarm signals is given:
- when the final trip function (6) has operated
- when a protection relay module has tripped
(the circuit breaker was opened, an initiation
signal was active and no auto-reclosing was
started)
- if one of the initiation signals AR1...4 remains
active for more than two minutes
The alarm signal remains active until the fault
disappears. However, the duration of the alarm
signal is always at least 0.2 s. Four different
output signals are available: one for each initia-
tion signal. Thus it is possible to distinguish
between the alarms, for instance, those caused
by earth fault and those caused by short circuit.
Should several initiation signals be active at the
same time, only one alarm signal will be given
(the smallest in number). If, for example, AR2
and AR4 are active at the moment of tripping
the alarm signal is provided by "DEF.TRIP
AR2".
Should the circuit breaker position status input
CBPOS not be in use and final tripping is to be
carried out by the protection, special arrange-
ments are required. In this case the CBPOS
input is connected in parallel with the opening
coil of the circuit breaker (SGF2/7=1 and SGF2/
8=1). Then the auto-reclose module gets infor-
mation about the CB opening via the CBPOS
input and uses this information to generate a
DEF.TRIP alarm signal.
When the last shot or the final trip function (6),
has been carried out, the shot pointer indicates
the value LOCK-OUT (7), which means that
the auto-reclose module does not respond to any
initiation signal during the reclaim time. In
addition, the shot pointer indicates the value (7)
in the following situations:
- the circuit breaker operation failed
- the circuit breaker maintenance monitor is
zero (determined by the setting of SGF2/7)
- the circuit breaker is manually closed during
an auto-reclose sequence
- the circuit breaker is manually closed under
normal conditions (determined by the setting
of SGF1/6...7)
- the external input for inhibiting and inter-
rupting auto-reclosing (ARINH) is active
- the auto-reclose programme has been set out
of operation
When the signal or situation that resulted in
lock-out resets the reclaim time t
r
starts. When
the set reclaim time t
r
has elapsed the shot
pointer returns to the value (1).
When the circuit breaker is closed by the AR
shots 1...4, a discriminating time t
d
will be
started. Should one of the initiation signals
AR1...AR4 be activated during the discriminat-
ing time, the AR shot pointer moves to the value
(6). Then further AR shots are prevented and
definite tripping will follow. This function is
generally used at inverse time operation in order
to limit the number of auto-reclosures when
reclosing aggravates a fault situation further (the
operate time of the relay module shortens). The
discriminating time t
d
can be set out of use by
selecting the value 0.
The reclaim time is always started or restarted at
the circuit breaker close operation. A new initia-
tion signal during the reclaim time will perform
the next shot if selected. When all shots are
executed the auto-recloser is locked-out. When
the reclaim time has elapsed the lock-out situa-
tion is ended and the shot pointer return to its
original value (1).
Final trip function (6)
DEF.TRIP alarm
Lock-out
9
Interruption of
auto-reclosing
- the auto-reclose program is set out of use
- the auxiliary voltage supply to the relay is
interrupted or the internal self-supervision
system of the AR module detects a fault.
In all the cases mentioned above specified infor-
mation about the cause of the interruption can
be obtained over the serial communication sys-
tem.
When the auto-reclose module operates the
circuit breaker, it also checks that the state of the
CB position input changes properly during the
set pulse lenght. To be able to check the position
data the auto-reclose module needs information
about the position of the circuit breaker
(CBPOS). When required, the auto-reclose mod-
ule is able to operate without this information.
In such a case the control operations are not
supervised, i.e. whether they are successful or
not.
For the operation of the circuit breaker the
length of the open pulse and the close pulse of
the module is adjustable. These times are maxi-
mum times. If no CB position information is
available the control impulses are in accordance
with the setting. Open and close signals cannot
be active at the same time. If so, the open signal
interrupts the close signal. When CB position
information is available, the impulse is inter-
rupted, once the CB position has changed.
Should the circuit-breaker position remain un-
changed during the control operation a circuit
breaker fail alarm will be issued (CBFAIL).
In addition, the following conditions are checked
before the circuit breaker is closed:
- the circuit breaker is open
- the AR initiation signals AR1...4 are not active
- the close inhibit input CINH is not energized
- the value of the circuit breaker maintenance
monitor must be greater than zero, if SGF2/
6=1.
- if the synchrocheck function is in use, the
input ARSYNC has to be energized
Once the conditions mentioned above are ful-
filled the circuit breaker is closed. The maxi-
mum waiting time for the conditions to be
fulfilled is 2 seconds. Should one or several
conditions prevent closing, an alarm signal
CBFAIL will be given in 2 seconds.
An auto-reclose sequence (AR shots 1...5) can
be interrupted or is interrupted in the following
cases:
- the opening or closing of the circuit breaker
fails (CBPOS input does not change status)
- the CB status data changes from "open" to
"closed" during the dead time of the auto-
reclosure, for example, due to manual closing
of the circuit breaker
- the ARINH input is activated
- the circuit breaker is opened by remote control
(parameter V1)
Circuit breaker
supervision logic
When the maintenance monitor reaches the
value zero, a permanent CBFAIL alarm signal is
issued. The maintenance monitor can be so
configured (SGF2/6) that the value zero pre-
vents CB closing and auto-reclose operations.
The alarm is reset by giving the maintenance
monitor a new value.
In addition, a pre-alarm level can be set for the
maintenance monitor. When the monitor
reaches this level or falls below it, a pulse-shaped
CBFAIL alarm signal is given when the CB is
opened. The pre-alarm function can be set out
of use by choosing the setting value zero (0) for
it.
The maintenance monitor can be set out of use
by setting all weighting factors at zero.
The purpose of the maintenance monitor is to
provide an alarm signal or, possibly, prevent
closing of the circuit breaker after a certain
number of CB operations. The operation of the
maintenance monitor is based on counting the
number of times the circuit breaker has opened.
As soon as the auto-reclose module notices a
circuit breaker trip the value of the maintenance
monitor decreases.
Different load on the circuit breaker influences
the maintenance monitor in a different way, for
instance, overcurrent may have a weighting
factor of 20 and manual CB opening a weight-
ing factor of 1, which means that the monitor
value is decreased by 20 or 1, respectively. The
auto-reclose module has five weighting factors:
opening initiated by AR1, by AR2, by AR3, by
AR4, and manual control. The weighting fac-
tors can be set in the range 0...50.
Aids to circuit
breaker maintenance
10
CBFAIL alarm
Synchrocheck input
ARSYNC
AR inhibition and
interruption input
ARINH
Recording of auto-
reclose operations
Resetting
The CBFAIL alarm is a 0.2 s pulse that is
obtained when a CB operation fails or the
maintenance monitor reaches or falls below the
set pre-alarm level. A possible auto-reclose
sequence in progress is interrupted by unsuc-
cessful circuit breaker operation.
The ARSYNC input is used, for example, to
delay or to avoid the connection of transmission
lines fed from different directions, when the
phase angle difference of the network sections is
too large. Should there be no information about
synchronism within 2 seconds after the dead
time has elapsed, the auto-reclose sequence will
be locked out and a CBFAIL alarm will be
issued.
When the ARSYNC input is activated (ener-
gized) the synchronism condition is fulfilled.
The switches SGF2/1...5 can be used to specify
whether information about synchronism is re-
quired for the individual AR shots. If the dead
time is short, the circuit breaker can be closed
without synchronism being lost.
When the ARINH input is activated any auto-
reclose operation in progress will be locked out.
When the ARINH signal disappears a reclaim
time t
r
starts, and not until this time has elapsed
an auto-reclose sequence can be carried out.
The auto-reclose module records all shots made
and also successful auto-reclosures. Registers
containing information about the number of
successful auto-reclosures can be accessed over
the serial communication and over the event
reporting system. The auto-reclose module de-
cide if the auto-reclosure (the last AR shot) was
successful or not when the reclaim time t
r
has
elapsed.
Registers containing information about the
number of all shots made can be accessed via the
push-buttons or over the serial communication.
The operation indicators on the front panel of
the relay module, the operation codes on the
display and the registers can be reset via the front
panel push-buttons, an external control signal
or over the serial bus, as shown in the table
below.
Means of resetting Resetting of Resetting of
operation indicators registers
RESET x
PROGRAM x
RESET & PROGRAM x x
ARCTRL, BS2 and RRES, when
SGB_/4=1 x
SGB_/5=1 x x
Parameter V101 x
Parameter V102 x x
Activation of the CINH input prevents CB
closing in situations where the CB spring is not
charged or the gas pressure is below the permit-
ted level. When the CINH input is activated
(energized), CB closing is inhibited. If the CINH
input is not reset within two seconds after the
dead time has elapsed, the auto-reclose sequence
will be locked out and a CBFAIL alarm will be
issued.
Inhibition of circuit
breaker closing
CINH
11
Front panel
Fig.5. Front panel of auto-reclose module SPCT 5D54
Yellow indicators for
AR initiation
Operation indicators for
settings
Device symbol
Self-supervision indicator
Digital display
Reset and display step
push-button
Programming push-button
Indicator for definite tripping
Type designation of relay module
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCT 5D54
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
IRF AR1
DEF
TRIP
AR3 AR2
O I
Shot 1
Shot 2
Shot 3
Shot 4
Shot 5
r
t
d
t
Final trip
0
0
2
2
A
AR4
12
Operation
indicators
The auto-reclose module is provided with a
programmable DEF.TRIP operation indicator.
Normally, the operation indicator is lit, if the
last AR shot selected is unsuccessful. The opera-
tion indicator remains lit until reset, either via
the push-buttons on the front panel, an external
control command or over the serial bus.
The yellow LEDs above the digital display show
the AR line that caused the operation. The
LEDs are reset by the initiation of a new shot or
when the reclaim time elapses.
The left-most red figure on the display is also
used for operation indication. The indications
A1...A6 can be manually reset. Unless reset they
disappear as soon as the next AR shot starts. The
other indications are always automatically reset.
Indication Explanation Resetting
1 AR shot 1 in progress automatic resetting
6 Final trip activated automatic resetting
7 Discriminating time running automatic resetting
8 Reclaim time running automatic resetting
A1 CB opening failed automatic or manual reset
A2 CB closing failed automatic or manual reset
A3 Closing inhibited after AR (ASYNC, CINH) automatic or manual reset
A4 Pre-alarm signal from maintenance monitor automatic or manual reset
A5 Alarm signal from maintenance monitor automatic or manual reset
A6 AR initiating signal active > 2 minutes automatic or manual reset
Once the self-supervision system has detected a
permanent fault the red self-supervision alarm
indicator is lit. At the same time the relay
module delivers a control signal to the self-
supervision output relay of the protection as-
sembly. In addition, in most cases a fault code is
lit on the display of the module. This fault code
that consists of a red "1" and a green code
number indicates the nature of the fault and
cannot be reset. It should be recorded and stated
when service is ordered.
13
Settings The settings of the module can be entered either
via the push-buttons and the display on the
front panel or over the serial communication
system. The setting values are indicated by the
three digits to the right on the display. The LED
indicators in front of the setting value symbols
on the front panel indicate the group of settings
or the setting value displayed at a given moment.
Manual setting of the module is described in
"Main menu and submenus of settings and
registers".
(Default value)
Shot 1 Selection of operation mode for signals AR1...3:
AR1 (the third digit from the right) 0...2
AR2( the second digit from the right) 0...2
AR3 (the right-most digit) 0...2
(000)
0 = no operation
1 = Initiation of AR shot 1 (Start)
2 = Initiation of AR shot 1 inhibited (Block)
1st submenu:
Selection of the operation mode for signal AR4 0...2
(the right-most digit): (--0)
0 = no operation
1 = Initiation of AR shot 1 (Start)
2 = Blocking of AR shot 1 (Block)
2nd submenu:
Dead time of AR shot 1 0.2...300 s (5 s)
Start delay time
3rd submenu: - for initiation signal AR1 0...10 s (0 s)
4th submenu: - for initiation signal AR2 0...10 s (0 s)
Shot 2 See shot 1
Shot 3 See shot 1
Shot 4 See shot 1
Shot 5 See shot 1
14
(Default value)
Final trip Selection of operation mode for signals AR1...3:
AR1 (the third digit from the right 0...1
AR2( the second digit from the right) 0...1
AR3 (the right-most digit) 0...1
(000)
0 = no final trip signal from the AR module (No)
1 = final trip signal from the AR module (Yes)
Submenu 1:
Selection of operation mode for signal AR4 0...1
(the right-most digit): (--0)
0 = no final trip signal from the AR module (No)
1 = final trip signal from the AR module (Yes)
Operate time of final tripping when
2nd submenu: - initiated by signal AR1 0...5.0 s (0 s)
3rd submenu: - initiated by signal AR2 0...5.0 s (0 s)
4th submenu: - initiated by signal AR3 0...5.0 s (0 s)
5th submenu: - initiated by signal AR4 0...5.0 s (0 s)
t
r
Reclaim time 0.2...300 s (10 s)
1st submenu:
Lenght of CB closing signal 0.1...2.0 s (0.2 s)
2nd submenu:
Lenght of CB opening signal 0.1...2.0 s (0.2 s)
Note! The control signals are interrupted once
information about change in CB position is received
t
d
Discriminating time of AR shot 1 0...30 s (0 s)
1st submenu: Discriminating time of AR shot 2 0...30 s (0 s)
2nd submenu: Discriminating time of AR shot 3 0...30 s (0 s)
3rd submenu: Discriminating time of AR shot 4 0...30 s (0 s)
Switchgroups
See "Configuration switchgroups" for more details
SGF Switchgroups for the configuration of functions 0...255
SGB Switchgroups for the configuration of blocking and
control signals 0...255
SGR Switchgroups for the configuration of the output relays 0...255
Maintenance monitor
Stress factor for CB opening
1 - manual operation 0...50 (0)
1st submenu: - initiated by signal AR1 0...50 (0)
2nd submenu: - initiated by signal AR2 0...50 (0)
3rd submenu: - initiated by signal AR3 0...50 (0)
4th submenu: - initiated by signal AR4 0...50 (0)
2 Value of CB maintenance monitor 0...999 (999)
1st submenu:
Pre-alarm level 0...50 (0)
15
Configuration
switchgroups
The switchgroups SGF1...4, SGB1...3 and
SGR1...11 are used for selecting functions re-
quired for different applications. The switch
number, 1...8, and position, 0 or 1, are dis-
played during the setting procedure. In normal
service only the checksums of the switchgroups
are indicated on the display. These checksums
are found in the main menu of the relay module,
see "Main menu and submenu of settings and
registers". The tables show the default settings
of the switches and the checksum of the
default setting.
SGF1/1 Initiation of AR shot 1 0
When the switch = 0, the AR shot is initiated by a trip signal of
the protection.
When the switch = 1, the AR shot is initiated by a start signal of the
protection, after the set start delay.
SGF1/6 Function at manual CB closing 0
SGF1/7 0
SGF1/6 SGF1/7 Explanation
0 0 Auto-reclosing and final trip by the AR module
is inhibited during the reclaim time
1 0 Auto-reclosing is inhibited during the reclaim
time. Final trip by AR module possible.
0 1 Closing does not affect the operation
1 1 Not in use (same as 0 - 0)
Note! Should the circuit breaker be manually closed during
the dead time, the AR sequence will always be interrupted
SGF1/8 Not in use 0
SGF1 0
Swtichgroup SGF1
16
Switchgroup SGF2
SGF2/1 Synchrocheck for AR shot 1 0
When the switch = 0, no synchrocheck function is available
When the switch = 1, the ARSYNC signal has to be active before
the circuit breaker is closed (waiting time max. 2 s)
SGF2/6 Operation of CB maintenance monitor when it is zero 0
When SGF2/6 = 0, the monitor has only an alarming function
When SGF2/6 = 1, the monitor inhibits CB closing and auto-reclosing
SGF2/7 Use of CB position data input CBPOS 0
When SGF2/7 = 0, CB position data is available and wired to
the CBPOS input.
When SGF2/7 = 1, CB position data is not available,
see SGF2/8 if definite trip alarm is required.
SGF2/8 Use of CB trip data (voltage over opening coil) instead of CBPOS 0
position data. To be able to use this switch, SGF2/7 has to be
in position 1.
When SGF2/8 = 0, the CBPOS input is not in use.
When SGF2/8 = 1, the voltage of the CB opening coil is connected
to the CBPOS input. If CB position data is not available and final
tripping is initiated by a trip signal of the protection, the AR module
is not capable of providing a DEF.TRIP signal unless the voltage of
the CB opening coil, instead of CB position data, is connected to
the CBPOS input and SGF2/8 = 1.
SGF2 0
The DEF.TRIP operation indicator is lit
SGF3/1 - when the signal Def.trip AR1 is activated 1
SGF3/5 - when the signal CBOS is activated 0
SGF3/6 - when the signal CBFAIL is activated 1
SGF3/7 Select operation of output signal "Shot 5 due/tr due" (see figure 2). 0
When SGF3/7 = 0, the output signal is active when shot 5 is in progress
When SGF3/7 = 1, the output signal is active when reclaim time is
running
SGF3/8 Not in use 0
SGF3 47
Switchgroup SGF3
17
Switchgroups
SGB1...3
The switchgroups SGB1...3 are used to con-
figure the control signals ARCTRL, BS2 and
RRES. The matrix below can be used for the
configuration. The control signals are linked
with the desired functions by circling the inter-
sections of the lines. The switch number is
marked at each intersection point and the corre-
sponding weighting factor below the matrix.
Adding the weighting factors of the selected
switches of each switchgroup gives the switch-
group checksums to the right of the matrix.
Switches not mentioned are not used and should
be in the position 0.
Note!
Before starting the programming, check whether
all control signals of the relay module SPCT
5D54 are used in the relay assembly.
ARCTRL
BS2
RRES
Reset
indicators
SGB1=
SGB2=
SGB3=
2 4 8 16
Weighting
factor
1
2 3 4 1
2 3 4 5 1
2 3 4 5 1
5
(=0)
(=0)
(=0)
Checksum
(factory setting)
AR4
AR
CINH
SYNC
Control
inputs
Reset
indicators,
registers
AR3
32
6
Fig. 6. Control signal matrix for auto-reclose module SPCT 5D54
Switch Function
SGB_/1 AR initiation AR4
SGB_/2 Synchrocheck ARSYNC
SGB_/3 Inhibition of CB closing CINH
SGB_/4 Resetting of front panel operation indicators
SGB_/5 Resetting of operation indicators and registers
SGB2/6 BS2 linked to AR3
SGB1,3/6 Not in use
SGB_/7 Not in use
SGB_/8 Not in use
18
Switchgroups
SGR1...SGR11
The switchgroups SGR1...11 are used to
configure the output signals of the module to
operate as desired output signals SS1...SS4 or
TS1...TS3.
The matrix below can be used for the configura-
tion. The signals are linked with the desired
output signal SS1...SS4 or TS1...TS3, for exam-
ple, by circling the intersections of the signal
lines. The switch number is marked at each
intersection and the weighting factor of the
switch is given below the matrix. By adding the
weighting values of the switches selected from
each switchgroup the checksums of the
switchgroups are obtained to the right of the
matrix. (The checksums of the default setting
are given in parenthesis).
Note!
Before starting the programming check whether
all output signals of the relay module SPCT
5D54 are in use in the concerned protection
relay.
Fig. 7. Output relay matrix for the auto-reclose relay module SPCT 5D54
Shot 1
SS1 TS1 SS2 TS2 SS3 TS3 SS4
1 2 4 8 16 32 64
Operation
signal
SGR1 =
SGR2 =
SGR3 =
SGR4 =
SGR5 =
SGR6 =
SGR7 =
SGR8 =
SGR9 =
SGR10 =
SGR11 =
Weighting
factor
Output signal
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Checksum
(factory setting)
( = 0)
( = 0)
( = 0)
( = 0)
( = 0)
( = 0)
( = 0)
( = 0)
( = 0)
( = 0)
( = 0)
due
Shot 2
due
Shot 3
due
Shot 4
due
Shot 5/
tr due
Def.trip
AR1
Def.trip
AR2
Def.trip
AR3
Def.trip
AR4
CBOS
CB
FAIL
19
Recorded data The red digit on the display indicates the address
code of the register and the other three digits the
value of the register.
STEP
3 Total number of AR shots 1 (0...999). Register 3 includes four subregisters with
the following contents:
Total number of AR shots 1 (0...255), initiated by
1) signal AR1
2) signal AR2
3) signal AR3
4) signal AR4
1) signal AR1
2) signal AR2
3) signal AR3
4) signal AR4
1) signal AR1
2) signal AR2
3) signal AR3
4) signal AR4
1) signal AR1
2) signal AR2
3) signal AR3
4) signal AR4
1) signal AR1
2) signal AR2
3) signal AR3
4) signal AR4
20
STEP
8 Total number of DEF.TRIP alarm signals (0...999). Register 8 includes four
subregisters with the following contents:
Total number of DEF.TRIP alarm signals (0...255), initiated by
1) signal AR1
2) signal AR2
3) signal AR3
4) signal AR4
9 The main register contains information about the number of AR shots (0...5)
carried out during the latest AR sequence. If the final trip function (6) has operated,
the value of the register is added by 10. The main register and the four subregisters
form a memory stack. A new value stored in the main register moves the previous
value of the main register to subregister 1, the value of subregister 1 is moved to
subregister 2, and so on. The old value of subregister 4 will be lost. The following
information is stored in the subregisters:
Number of AR shots carried out
1) during the second last AR sequence
2) during the third last AR sequence
3) during the fourth last AR sequence
4) during the fifth last AR sequence
0 Display of external control signals
The right-most digit indicates the state of the signals ARINH, ARCTRL and BS2.
The states are indicated by the numbers 0...7. Each signal has its own weighting
value. The value shown on the display is the sum of the weighting values of the
activated signals.
The weighting values of the signals are as follows:
1 = ARINH activated
2 = ARCTRL activated
4 = BS2 activated
The middle green number shows the position of the circuit breaker:
0 = circuit breaker open (input energized)
1 = circuit breaker closed (input not energized)
The green number to the left indicates the states of the signals AR1, AR2 and AR3.
The states are indicated by the numbers 0...7. Each input signal has its own
weighting value. The value shown on the display is the sum of the weighting values
of the activated signals.
The weighting values of the signals are as follows:
1 = AR1 activated
2 = AR2 activated
4 = AR3 activated
21
STEP
From this register it is possible to enter the TEST mode, in which the output signals
of the relay module can be activated one by one. The setting operation indicators
and their corresponding output signals are presented below.
Note!
The CB closing signal can also be activated in the TEST mode.When all setting
indicators are flashing, the CBCS signal can be activated by pressing the push-
buttons STEP and PROGRAM simultaneously.
BEFORE STARTING THE TEST PROCEDURE, MAKE SURE THAT IT IS
SAFE TO CLOSE THE CIRCUIT BREAKER!
Setting indicator Output signal
No indication Self-supervision IRF
SHOT 1 AR shot 1 in progress
Final trip DEF.TRIP alarm signal by AR1
t
r
DEF.TRIP alarm signal by AR2
t
d
DEF.TRIP alarm signal by AR3
SGF DEF.TRIP alarm signal by AR4
SGB CBOS signal
SGR CBFAIL signal
All flashing CBCS signal
A Address code of the AR relay module, required for serial communications. Register
A has four subregisters with the following contents:
1. Selection of the data transfer rate: 4800 or 9600 Bd (4.8 or 9.6 kBd).
2. Bus traffic monitor. If the relay module is connected to a data communication
system and the communication is in operation, the value of the monitor is 0.
Otherwise the numbers 0...255 are rolling.
3. Password required for remote setting.
4. Selection of the operation mode for the AR module. When the register value is
one (1) the AR program is out of use and when it is zero (0) the AR program is
in use.
The registers are reset by pressing the RESET
and PROGRAM push-buttons simultaneously.
The registers, the address of the relay module,
the data transfer rate and the password are not
affected by voltage failures. Instructions for set-
ting the address and the data transfer rate are
given in the document "General characteristics
of D-type relay modules".
22
Main menu and
submenus for
settings and
registers
Fig. 8. Main menu and submenu for the auto-reclose relay module SPCT 5D54
Checksum of
switchgroup SGF2
2
3
Checksum of
switchgroup SGB3
2
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR2
3
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR3
MAIN MENU
M
A
I
N
M
E
N
U
R
E
V.
S
T
E
P
.5
s
F
W
D.
S
T
E
P
1
s
SUBMENUS
REV. STEP 0.5 s FWD. STEP 1 s
Checksum of
switchgroup SGF1
1
1
Checksum of
switchgroup SGB1
1
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR1
2
Checksum of
switchgroup SGB2
Checksum of
switchgroup SGF3
3
1 2
Dead time shot 1
Dead time shot 2
Dead time shot 3
Dead time shot 4
Dead time shot 5
1 2
1
1
1 2
2
2
1 2
7
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR7
8
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR8
4
5
6
7
8
0
A
1
1 2
1 2
1 2
Relay unit identification
adress for communication
1
Communication rate
setting [kBaud]
2
Number of shots during the
latest AR situation, event (n)
2
1 2
Loss of bus traffic time
counter 0..255 s
Status of external relay
blocking / control signal
1 000 IRF
3 1 2 Total number of shot 1
Number of shot 1
initiated by AR1
Number of shot 1
initiated by AR2
Number of shot 2
initiated by AR2
Number of shot 3
initiated by AR2
Number of shot 4
initiated by AR2
Number of shot 5
initiated by AR2
Number of shot 2
initiated by AR1
Number of shot 3
initiated by AR1
Number of shot 4
initiated by AR1
Number of shot 5
initiated by AR1
1
2
1
Stress factor for
manual open
Reading of the CB
maintenance monitor
2
Stress factor for
a CB open by AR1
Stress factor for
a CB open by AR2
Final-trip time for
AR1
CB close pulse time CB open pulse time 1 2
9 1 2
Number of shots during
AR situation, event (n-1)
Total number of definite trips
Number of definite trips
initiated by AR1
Number of definite trips
initiated by AR2
Reclaim time
Select shot 2 function
by AR1, AR2 and AR3
Select shot 2
function by AR4
Select final trip function
by AR1, AR2 and AR3
Select final trip
function by AR4
Select shot 3
function by AR4
Select shot 4
function by AR4
Select shot 5
function by AR4
Select shot 1
function by AR4
by AR1, AR2 and AR3
by AR1, AR2 and AR3
by AR1, AR2 and AR3
by AR1, AR2 and AR3
1 CBCS
1
pre-alarm from
maintenance monitor
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Discriminating time, shot 1
Discriminating time,
shot 2
shot 3
2 1
Total number of shot 2
11
23
The procedure for entering a submenu or a setting mode and configuring the
module is described in detail in "General characteristics of D-type SPC relay
modules. Below a simplified instruction.
Desired step or function Push-button Action
One step forwards in STEP Press for more
main menu or submenu than 0.5 s
Rapid browse forwards STEP Keep depressed
in main menu
One step backwards in STEP Press for less than 0.5 s
main menu or submenu
Entering a submenu PROGRAM Press for 1 s
from the main menu
Entering or quitting a PROGRAM Press for 5 s
setting mode
Increasing a value in STEP Press for about 0.5 s
the setting mode
Moving the cursor in PROGRAM Press for about 1 s
the setting mode
Storing a setting value in STEP & Press simultaneously
the setting mode PROGRAM
Resetting of memorized STEP & Note!
values PROGRAM Display must be dark
4
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR4
5
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR5
6
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR6
9
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR9
0
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR10
11
Checksum of
switchgroup SGR11
3 4
3 4
3 4
3 4
3 4
3 4
Password for
altering settings
Auto-recloser
ON/OFF
3 4
3 4
Stress factor for
a CB open by AR3
Stress factor for
a CB open by AR4
3
Final-trip time for
AR2
Number of shot 1
initiated by AR4
Number of shot 2
initiated by AR4
Number of shot 3
initiated by AR4
Number of shot 4
initiated by AR4
Number of shot 5
initiated by AR4
Number of shot 1
initiated by AR3
Number of shot 2
initiated by AR3
Number of shot 3
initiated by AR3
Number of shot 4
initiated by AR3
Number of shot 5
initiated by AR3
3 4
Number of definite trip
initiated by AR3
Number of definite trip
initiated by AR4
4 5
Final-trip time for
AR3
Final-trip time for
AR4
shot 4
3
3
The value can be changed in setting mode
Submenus are indicated by blinking numbers
Start delay
time for AR1
3 4 5 6
Start delay
time for AR2
Start delay
time for AR3
Start delay
time for AR4
3 4 5 6
3 4 5 6
3 4 5 6
3 4 5 6
Start delay
time for AR1
Start delay
time for AR2
Start delay
time for AR3
Start delay
time for AR4
Start delay
time for AR1
Start delay
time for AR2
Start delay
time for AR3
Start delay
time for AR4
Start delay
time for AR1
Start delay
time for AR2
Start delay
time for AR3
Start delay
time for AR4
Start delay
time for AR1
Start delay
time for AR2
Start delay
time for AR3
Start delay
time for AR4
24
Technical data Maximum number of successive AR shots
during a sequence 5
Start delay 0.00...10.0 s
Dead time 0.20...300 s
Discriminating time 0.00...30.0 s
Reclaim time 0.20...300 s
Final trip time 0.00...5.00 s
CB closing impulse 0.10...2.00 s
CB opening impulse 0.10...2.00 s
Operate time accuracy 1% of setting value or 30 ms
Event codes Connected to a data communicator over the
SPA bus, the auto-reclose module generates
events which can be printed out, for instance, on
a printer. The events are printed in the format:
time, text, event code. The event text is written
by the user.
Most of the events can be included in or ex-
cluded from reporting by writing an event mask
(V155...V158) to the module. The parameters
of the event mask are presented in the tables
below.
The event codes E50...E54 and the events rep-
resented by these cannot be excluded from event
reporting.
Maximum 60 events can be stored in the event
buffer. When the 61st event message is received
the code E51 will be stored in the buffer. The
buffer and the code E51 are reset by giving the
parameter WC the value 0.
The event codes E52...E54 are generated by a
higher-level data communicator unit (e.g. SACO
100M, SRIO 1000M, etc.)
Detailed information about the serial commu-
nication over the SPA bus is given in the docu-
ment "SPA Bus Communication Protocol" 34
SPACOM 2EN1.
Channel Code Event Weighting Default
coefficient
General events
0 E1 AR (shots 1...5) started 1 1
0 E2 AR (shots 1...5) initiated by AR1 2 0
0 E6 AR (shots 1...5) ended 32 1
0 E7 AR sequence successful 64 0
0 E8 AR sequence initiated by AR1 successful 128 0
0 E50 Restart of module * -
0 E51 Overflow of event register * -
0 E52 Temporary disturbance in data communication * -
0 E53 No response from the module over the data comm. * -
0 E54 The module responds again over the data comm. * -
Event mask V155 = 33
25
coefficient
Circuit breaker events
0 E12 Change in CB position: 1 -> 0 (open) 1 1
0 E13 Change in CB position: 0 -> 1 (closed) 2 1
0 E14 Manual CB opening 4 1
0 E15 Manual CB closing 8 1
0 E16 OPEN output activated 16 0
0 E17 OPEN output reset 32 0
0 E18 CLOSE output activated 64 0
0 E19 CLOSE output reset 128 0
Alarm events
0 E20 CB opening failed 1 1
0 E21 CB closing failed 2 1
0 E22 CB closing inhibited 4 1
0 E23 Alarm from maintenance monitor 8 1
0 E24 Maintenance monitor alarm reset 16 1
0 E25 Initiation signal AR1...4 activated >2 min 32 1
0 E26 Alarm E25 reset 64 1
0 E27 Attempt to activate an output without open/close
selection 128 1
Auto-reclose events
0 E28 AR in use 1 1
0 E29 AR not in use 2 1
0 E30 AR interrupted by the signal ARINH 4 1
0 E31 AR interrupted by CB closing during
the AR sequence 8 1
0 E32 AR interrupted by CB opening during
the AR sequence 16 1
0 E33 t
d
started 32 0
0 E34 t
d
elapsed 64 0
0 E35 t
r
started or restarted 128 0
0 E36 t
r
elapsed 256 0
Events for AR shot 1
1 E1 AR shot 1 started 1 1
1 E2 AR shot 1 initiated via AR1 2 0
1 E6 AR shot 1 concluded 32 0
1 E7 AR shot 1 successful 64 0
Event mask 1V155 = 1
26
coefficient
Final trip events
6 E1 Final trip 1 1
6 E2 Final trip via AR1 2 0
27
coefficient
Events for DEF.TRIP alarm
7 E1 DEF.TRIP alarm activated 1 1
7 E2 DEF.TRIP alarm activated by AR1 2 0
7 E6 DEF.TRIP alarm reset 32 1
Data to be
transferred over
the serial bus
In addition to the event codes input data (I data),
output data (O data), setting values (S data)
memorized data (V data), and some other data
can be read from the module over the serial bus.
The values of parameters marked with the letter
W can be changed over the SPA bus.
When a setting value is changed, either via the
push-buttons on the front panel or over the
given parameter value is legal. A value outside
the permitted setting range will not be memo-
rized, but the previous setting will be retained.
To be able to change a setting parameter over the
serial bus a password in the range 1..999 is
required. The default setting is 1.
The password is opened by giving the serial
communication parameter V160 the desired
numerical value. Parameter V161 is used for
closing the password. The password is also closed
by failures in the voltage supply.
The push-buttons of the relay module or a
command over the serial bus can be used to
change the password. To be able to change the
password over the serial bus, the password first
has to be opened. The new password is entered
via parameter V161. When using the push-
buttons, the new password is written in the place
of the old one in subregister 3 of register A.
Should the wrong password be given 7 succes-
sive times, it turns into a zero and can no longer
be opened over the serial bus. Then the pass-
word can be given a new numerical value via the
push-buttons only.
R = data to be read from the module
W = data to be written to the module
(P) = writing allowed through a password
Data Channel Code Data Value
direction
Status of input signals
Signal ARINH 0 I1 R 0 = not active
1 = active
CBPOS circuit breaker position 0 I2 R 0 = open
1 = closed
Signal ARCTRL 0 I3 R 0 = not active
1 = active
Signal BS2 0 I4 R 0 = not active
1 = active
Signal RRES 0 I5 R 0 = not active
1 = active
Input signal AR1 0 I6 R 0 = not active
1 = active
1 = active
1 = active
1 = active
28
direction
Status data of output signals
Signal AR shot 1 due 0 O1 R 0 = not active
1 = active
1 = active
1 = active
1 = active
1 = active
DEF.TRIP alarm via AR1 0 O6 R 0 = not active
1 = active
1 = active
1 = active
1 = active
Signal CBOS 0 O10 R 0 = not active
1 = active
Signal CBFAIL 0 O11 R 0 = not active
1 = active
AR in progress 0 O12 R 0 = AR not in progress
1 = AR shot 1 in progress
Output relay test
Enable output relay test 0 O20 R,W(P) 0 = not active
1 = active
Signal SS1 (enabled with (O20) 0 O21 R,W(P) 0 = not active
1 = active
Signal TS1 (enabled with (O20) 0 O22 R,W(P) 0 = not active
1 = active
1 = active
1 = active
1 = active
1 = active
1 = active
Signal CBCS
(CB closing, enabled with (O20) 0 O28 R,W(P) 0 = not active
1 = active
29
direction
Setting parameters
Setting values for AR shot 1 on channel 1, for AR shot 2 on channel 2, etc.
Dead time, AR shots 1...5 1...5 S1 R,W,(P) 0.2...300 s
Initiated by signal AR1 1...5 S2 R,W,(P) 0 = no operation
1 = AR shot initiated
2 = initiation of AR shot
blocked
blocked
blocked.
blocked.
Start delay when AR shot initiated by
- signal AR1 1...5 S6 R,W,(P) 0...10 s
- signal AR2 1...5 S7 R,W,(P) 0...10 s
- signal AR3 1...5 S8 R,W,(P) 0...10 s
- signal AR4 1...5 S9 R,W,(P) 0...10 s
Discriminating time t
d
1...4 S10 R,W,(P) 0...30 s
Final trip on channel 6
Final trip initiated by
- signal AR1 6 S2 R,W,(P) 1 = final trip by signal AR1
Final trip time, when initiated by
- signal AR1 6 S6 R,W,(P) 0...5.0 s
- signal AR2 6 S7 R,W,(P) 0...5.0 s
- signal AR3 6 S8 R,W,(P) 0...5.0 s
- signal AR4 6 S9 R,W,(P) 0...5.0 s
30
direction
General setting values on channel 0
Reclaim time t
r
0 S1 R,W,(P) 0.2...300 s
Checksum
- switchgroup SGF1 0 S2 R,W,(P) 0...255
- switchgroup SGB1 0 S7 R,W,(P) 0...255
- switchgroup SGR1 0 S10 R,W,(P) 0...255
Circuit breaker maintenance monitor
Stress factor, when CB opened
- manually 0 S21 R,W,(P) 0...50
- via signal AR1 0 S22 R,W,(P) 0...50
Pre-alarm level of CB
maintenance monitor 0 S26 R,W,(P) 0...50
Value of maintenance monitor 0 S27 R,W,(P) 0...999
Length of closing pulse 0 S28 R,W,(P) 0.1...2.0 s
Length of opening pulse 0 S29 R,W,(P) 0.1...2.0 s
Secured remote control of circuit breaker
Opening selected (signal CBOS) 0 V1 R,W 0 = not selected
1 = selected
Closing selected (signal CBCS) 0 V2 R,W 0 = not selected
1 = selected
Carry out selected open/close 0 V251 W 1 = carry out (V1, V2)
control operation
Cancel selected open/close
control operation 0 V252 W 1 = cancel (V1,V2)
31
direction
Recorded values
Values recorded for AR shot 1 on channel 1, values recorded for AR shot 2 on channel 2, etc.
Total number of AR shots 1...5 V1 R 0...999
Number of AR shots initiated by
- signal AR1 1...5 V2 R,W,(P) 0...255
- signal AR2 1...5 V3 R,W,(P) 0...255
- signal AR3 1...5 V4 R,W,(P) 0...255
- signal AR4 1...5 V5 R,W,(P) 0...255
Number of successful AR shots initiated by
- signal AR1 1...5 V6 R,W,(P) 0...255
- signal AR2 1...5 V7 R,W,(P) 0...255
- signal AR3 1...5 V8 R,W,(P) 0...255
- signal AR4 1...5 V9 R,W,(P) 0...255
Total number of DEF.TRIP alarms 0 V5 R 0...999
Number of DEF.TRIP alarms initiated by
- signal AR1 0 V6 R,W,(P) 0...255
- signal AR2 0 V7 R,W,(P) 0...255
- signal AR3 0 V8 R,W,(P) 0...255
- signal AR4 0 V9 R,W,(P) 0...255
Number of reclosures carried out during the last AR sequence (0...5).
Should the final trip function have operated (6), the value of the register has been added by 10.
AR sequence n 0 V10 R,W,(P) 0...5, 11....15
AR sequence n-1 0 V11 R,W,(P) 0...5, 11....15
Operation indicator 0 V15 R 0...9 ( A = 9)
Control parameters for the module
Resetting of operation indicators 0 V101 W 1 = resetting
Resetting of operation indicators
and registers 0 V102 W 1 = resetting
Operation mode of AR module,
ON/OFF 0 V153 R,W 0 = AR shots in use
1 = AR shots not in use
Resetting of AR module
(resetting of timers and shot pointer) 0 V154 R,W 1 = resetting
Event masks, see also "Event codes"
Event mask for events
- E1...E11 0 V155 R,W 0...2047
- E12...E19 0 V156 R,W 0...255
- E20...E27 0 V157 R,W 0...255
- E28...E36 0 V156 R,W 0...511
32
direction
Event mask
- for AR shot 1 1 V155 R,W 0...127
- for AR shot 2 2 V155 R,W 0...127
- for AR shot 3 3 V155 R,W 0...127
- for AR shot 4 4 V155 R,W 0...127
- for AR shot 5 5 V155 R,W 0..127
- for final trip 6 V155 R,W 0..31
- for DEF.TRIP alarm 7 V155 R,W 0...63
Opening of password for remote setting 0 V160 W 1...999
Changing or closing the password 0 V161 W(P) 0...999
Activation of self-supervision output 0 V165 W 1 = self-supervision
output is activated
and IRF LED is lit
0 = IRF reset
Testing of LED indicators 0 V166 W,(P) 0...28
EEPROM formatting 0 V167 W(P) 2=formatted
Internal fault code 0 V169 R 1...255
Data communication address
of the module 0 V200 R,W 1...254
Data transfer rate 0 V201 R,W 4800 or 9600 Bd (R)
4.8 or 9.6 kBd (W)
Program version 0 V205 R 122 _
Reading of event register 0 L R Time, channel number
and event code
Re-reading of event register 0 B R Time, channel number
and event code Type designation
of relay module 0 F R SPCT 5D54
Reading of module status data 0 C R 0 = normal status
to automatic reset
2 = overflow of event
register
3 = events 1 and 2
together
Resetting of module status data 0 C W 0 = resetting
Time reading or setting 0 T R,W 00.000...59.999 s
re-read the contents of the register. When
required, the B command can be repeated. In
When a setting value is changed, either via the
push-buttons on the front panel or over the
given parameter value is legal, i.e. within the
permitted ranges. A value outside the permitted
setting range will not be memorized, but the
previous value will be retained.
33
Trouble-shooting
Circuit
breaker
open
Indication
on display
A1
CB opening failed. No information about change
of CB position (closed -> open) was received during
the opening impulse (S29) and, consequently,
the AR sequence was interrupted.
However, the circuit breaker was opened.
CB closing failed.
- CB faulty
- closing circuit faulty
- closing impulse too short
CB closing prevented.
- CINH input energized
- one of the initiation signals continuously active
- the ARSYNC input is not energized
(synchrocheck selected)
CB closing prevented.
- maintenance monitor zero
(inhibiting function selected)
CB closing failed.
- one of the initiation signals (AR1...4)
continuously active
Indication
on display
A2
Indication
on display
A3
Indication
on display
A5
Indication
on display
A6
Fig. 9. Possible error indications when the circuit breaker remains open
34
Fig. 11. Possible error indications, when no DEF.TRIP alarm is received.
Auto-reclosing
does not start
Indication
on display
8
Reclaim time tr running.
- the ARINH input for inhibiting and interrupting
auto-reclosing is energized
Circuit breaker maintenance monitor zero
(inhibiting function)
One of the initiation signals AR1...4 continuously
active
AR not in
use
The auto-reclose sequence does not start,
if the circuit breaker is open
Circuit
breaker
open
The auto-reclose function has been set out of use.
Serial communication parameter V153=1
(subregister 4 of register A)
- AR initiation has not been programmed
- the AR start delay exceeds the operate time of
the protection relay
Protection
relay ope-
rated
Indication
on display
A5
Indication
on display
A6
Fig. 10. Possible error indications when auto-reclosing does not start
No DEF.TRIP
alarm is received
No final
trip
Not
programmed
The alarm function has not been
programmed with the SGR switches
If the operate time of the final trip function
is longer than the operate time of the relay,
no alarm will be received. The final trip function
has to be set out of operation or a shorter
operate time selected.
No final trip by the AR module.
See Fig. 9.
Incor. progr.
of final trip func.
(6)
35
Definitions Reclosure
Operation, whereby the circuit breaker is auto-
matically closed after a preset time delay from
circuit breaker opening initiated by the protec-
tion relay.
Auto-reclose sequence
An auto-reclose sequence is a sequence of opera-
tions on one network fault. An auto-reclose
sequence may include (SPCT 5D54) from one
to five reclosures, final trip and definite trip
alarm.
Shot pointer
The purpose of the shot pointer is to control the
order of the operations (AR shots and final trip)
during an auto-reclose sequence. After the lapse
of the reclaim time t
r
the shot pointer returns to
the initial value one (1), whereupon the module
is ready for a new auto-reclose sequence.
Lock-out
Automatic reclosing is prevented until the re-
claim time has elapsed.
Start delays (used when reclosing is initiated by
the start of the proteciton)
Start delays are used to delay the initiation of an
auto-reclose operation. The initiation signal
must still be active when the start delay expires,
to enable initiation of the AR shot or final trip
function.
Dead time
The time between the CB open signal and the
CB close signal
Reclaim time (t
r
)
The time following a closing operation, which
must elapse before the auto-reclose relay will
initiate a new reclosing sequence in the event of
further fault incidents.
Discriminating time (td)
The discriminating time starts, when the circuit
breaker is closed by one of the AR shots 1...4. An
auto-reclose attempt during the discriminating
time prevents further auto-reclosures and leads
to lock-out.
Final trip (used when reclosing is initiated by
the start of the proteciton)
This facility provides a faster trip from the AR
module when the last shot in the sequence
proves unsuccessful. If one of the protection
relay modules starts and delivers a new initiation
signal to the AR module after the last shot, the
AR module delivers a trip signal after a short
operate time.
DEF.TRIP (definite trip alarm)
Alarm on unsuccessful auto-reclosing.
Circuit breaker maintenance monitor
The maintenance monitor counts the circuit
breaker operations. The monitor gives an alarm
and can be configured to block auto-reclose
operations.
CBFAIL
Alarm on failed circuit breaker operation or
maintenance monitor alarm.
CBPOS
Circuit breaker position input. The circuit
breaker is assumed to be open when the input is
energized.
ARSYNC
If the synchronism check function has been
selected, a close operation will not be made
unless the ARSYNC signal (synchrocheck func-
tion) is active.
CINH
The CINH signal prevents circuit breaker clos-
ing.
ARINH
The ARINH signal inhibits and interrupts auto-
reclosing.
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCJ 4D29
TRIP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
L1 L2 L3 o
IRF
3 > I
I I I I
>
n
I I
/
k
s > t [ ]
n
>> I I /
s >>[ ] t
s
o
>
k
o
[ ] t
n o
> I I /
s >>
o
t [ ]
n
>>
o
I / I
8
7
9
B
I
Relay symbol
Self-supervision alarm indicator
(Internal Relay Fault)
Display, 1 + 3 digits
Reset / Step push-button
Programming push-button
Trip indicator
Module type designation
Fastening screw
Indicators for measured
quantities
Indicators for setting
parameters
Indicators for switchgroups
SGF, SGB and SGR
Fastening screw
General characteristics of
D-type relay modules
2
General characteristics
of D type relay modules
Contents Front panel lay-out ......................................................................................................... 1
Control push buttons ..................................................................................................... 3
Display ........................................................................................................................... 3
Display main menu ................................................................................................... 3
Display submenus ..................................................................................................... 3
Selector switchgroups SGF, SGB, SGR .......................................................................... 4
Settings ........................................................................................................................... 4
Setting mode ............................................................................................................. 4
Example 1: Setting of relay operation values .............................................................. 7
Example 2: Setting of relay switchgroups ................................................................... 9
Recorded information................................................................................................... 11
Trip test function ......................................................................................................... 12
Example 3: Forced activation of outputs ................................................................. 13
Fault codes.................................................................................................................... 15
1MRS 750066-MUM EN
Issued 95-04-12
Version A (replaces 34 SPC 3 EN1)
Checked JH
Approved TK
3
Control
push-buttons
The front panel of the relay module contains
two push buttons. The RESET / STEP push
button is used for resetting operation indicators
and for stepping forward or backward in the
display main menu or submenus. The PRO-
GRAM push button is used for moving from a
certain position in the main menu to the corre-
sponding submenu, for entering the setting
mode of a certain parameter and together with
the STEP push button for storing the set values.
The different operations are described in the
subsequent paragraphs in this manual.
Display The measured and set values and the recorded
data are shown on the display of the protection
relay module. The display consists of four digits.
The three green digits to the right show the
measured, set or recorded value and the leftmost
red digit shows the code number of the register.
The measured or set value displayed is indicated
by the adjacent yellow LED indicator on the
front panel. When a recorded fault value is being
displayed the red digit shows the number of the
corresponding register. When the display func-
tions as an operation indicator the red digit
alone is shown.
When the auxiliary voltage of a protection relay
module is switched on the module initially tests
the display by stepping through all the segments
of the display for about 15 seconds. At first the
corresponding segments of all digits are lit one
by one clockwise, including the decimal points.
Then the center segment of each digit is lit one
by one. The complete sequence is carried out
twice. When the test is finished the display turns
dark. The testing can be interrupted by pressing
the STEP push button. The protection func-
tions of the relay module are alerted throughout
the testing.
Display main menu Any data required during normal operation are
accessible in the main menu i.e. present meas-
ured values, present setting values and recorded
parameter values.
The data to be shown in the main menu are
sequentially called up for display by means of
the STEP push button. When the STEP push
button is pressed for about one second, the
display moves forward in the display sequence.
When the push button is pressed for about 0.5
seconds, the display moves backward in the
display sequence.
From a dark display only forward movement is
possible. When the STEP push button is pushed
constantly, the display continuously moves for-
ward stopping for a while in the dark position.
Unless the display is switched off by stepping to
the dark point, it remains lit for about 5 minutes
from the moment the STEP push button was
last pushed. After the 5 minutes' time-out the
dispaly is switched off.
Display submenus Less important values and values not very often
set are displayed in the submenus. The number
of submenus varies with different relay module
types. The submenus are presented in the de-
scription of the concerned protection relay
module.
A submenu is entered from the main menu by
pressing the PROGRAM push button for about
one second. When the push button is released,
the red digit of the display starts flashing, indi-
cating that a submenu has been entered. Going
from one submenu to another or back to the
main menu follows the same principle as when
moving from the main menu display to another;
the display moves forward when the STEP push
button is pushed for one second and backward
when it is pushed for 0.5 seconds. The main
menu has been re-entered when the red display
turns dark.
When a submenu is entered from a main menu
of a measured or set value indicated by a LED
indicator, the indicator remains lit and the ad-
dress window of the display starts flashing. A
submenu position is indicated by a flashing red
address number alone on the dispaly without
any lit set value LED indicator on the front
panel.
4
Selector switch-
groups SGF, SGB
and SGR
Part of the settings and the selections of the
operation characteristic of the relay modules in
various applications are made with the selector
switchgroups SG_ . The switchgroups are soft-
ware based and thus not physically to be found
in the hardware of the relay module. The indi-
cator of the switchgroup is lit when the checksum
of the switchgroup is shown on the display.
Starting from the displayed checksum and by
entering the setting mode, the switches can be
set one by one as if they were real physical
switches. At the end of the setting procedure, a
checksum for the whole switchgroup is shown.
The checksum can be used for verifying that the
switches have been properly set. Fig. 2 shows an
example of a manual checksum calculation.
When the checksum calculated according to the
example equals the checksum indicated on the
display of the relay module, the switches in the
concerned switchgroup are properly set.
Switch No Pos. Weigth Value
1 1 x 1 = 1
2 0 x 2 = 0
3 1 x 4 = 4
4 1 x 8 = 8
5 1 x 16 = 16
6 0 x 32 = 0
7 1 x 64 = 64
8 0 x 128 = 0
Checksum = 93
Fig. 2. Example of calculating the checksum of
a selector switchgroup SG_.
The functions of the selector switches of the
different protection relay modules are described
in detail in the manuals of the different relay
modules.
Settings Most of the start values and operate times are set
by means of the display and the push buttons on
the front panel of the relay modules. Each
setting has its related indicator which is lit when
the concerned setting value is shown on the
display.
In addition to the main stack of setting values
most D type relay modules allow a second stack
of settings. Switching between the main settings
and the second settings can be done in three
different ways:
1) By command V150 over the serial communi-
cation bus
2) By an external control signal BS1, BS2 or
RRES (BS3)
3) Via the push-buttons of the relay module, see
submenu 4 of register A.
Setting mode Generally, when a large number of settings is to
be altered, e.g. during commissioning of relay
systems, it is recommended that the relay set-
tings are entered with the keyboard of a
personal computer provided with the necessary
software. When no computer nor software is
available or when only a few setting values need
to be altered the procedure described below is
used.
The registers of the main menu and the submenus
contain all parameters that can be set. The
settings are made in the so called setting mode,
which is accessible from the main menu or a
submenu by pressing the PROGRAM push
button, until the whole display starts flashing.
This position indicates the value of the param-
eter before it has been altered. By pressing the
PROGRAM push button the programming se-
quence moves forward one step. First the
rightmost digit starts flashing while the rest of
the display is steady. The flashing digit is set by
means of the STEP push button. The flashing
cursor is moved on from digit to digit by press-
ing the PROGRAM push button and in each
stop the setting is performed with the STEP
push button. After the parameter values have
been set, the decimal point is put in place. At the
end the position with the whole display flashing
is reached again and the data is ready to be
stored.
A set value is recorded in the memory by press-
ing the push buttons STEP and PROGRAM
simultaneously. Until the new value has been
recorded a return from the setting mode will
have no effect on the setting and the former
value will still be valid. Furthermore any attempt
to make a setting outside the permitted limits for a
particular parameter will cause the new value to be
disqualified and the former value will be main-
tained. Return from the setting mode to the
main menu or a submenu is possible by pressing
the PROGRAM push button until the green
digits on the display stop flashing.
5
NOTE! During any local man-machine com-
munication over the push buttons and the dis-
play on the front panel a five minute time-out
function is active. Thus, if no push button has
been pressed during the last five minutes, the
relay returns to its normal state automatically.
This means that the display turns dark, the relay
escapes from a display mode, a programming
routine or any routine going on, when the relay
is left untouched. This is a convenient way out
of any situation when the user does not know
what to do.
Before a relay module is inserted into the relay
case, one must assure that the module has been
given the correct settings. If there however is
any doubt about the settings of the module to be
inserted, the setting values should be read using
a spare relay unit or with the relay trip circuits
disconnected. If this cannot be done the relay
can be sett into a non-tripping mode by pressing
the PROGRAM push button and powering up
the relay module simultaneously. The display
will show three dashes "- - -" to indicate the non-
tripping mode. The serial communication is
operative and all main and submenues are acces-
sible. In the non-tripping mode unnecessary
trippings are avoided and the settings can be
checked. The normal protection relay mode is
entered automatically after a timeout of five
minutes or ten seconds after the dark display
position of the main menu has been entered.
First measuring value
Last measuring value
Memorized values etc.
Actual setting value 1
SUBMENU MAIN MENU SETTING MODE

Second setting
value for stage 1
2
1
Main setting
value for stage 1
1 0 0 0
INCREASE VALUE
STEP 0,5 s
MOVE FIGURE OR DECIMAL POINT
CURSOR WITH BUTTON PROGRAM 1 s
STORE NEW SETTING BY PRESSING
STEP AND PROGRAM SIMULTANEOUSLY
WHEN THE VALUE IS READY AND THE
WHOLE DISPLAY IS BLINKING
Actual setting value 2
FWD.STEP 1 s
REV. STEP 0,5 s
FWD.STEP 1 s
REV. STEP 0,5 s
NOTE! IN MOST MENU CHARTS THE SUBMENUS HAVE BEEN DRAWN IN A HORIZONTAL DIRECTION IN ORDER TO GET
ALL MAIN AND SUBMENU POSITIONS SHOWN IN THE SAME CHART.
STEP 0,5 s PROGRAM 1 s PROGRAM 5 s PROGRAM 5 s
Fig.3. Basic principles of entering the main menus and submenus of a relay module.
6
Current on phase L1
Current on phase L2
Current on phase L3
Neutral current Io
Maximum demand current
value for 15 minutes
4
Second setting
value for t> or k
Actual operate time t> or
multiplier k for stage I>
2 1
Second setting
value for I>>
Actual start value I>> 2 1
Second setting
value for t>>
Actual operate time t>>
of stage I>>
2 1
Second setting
value for Io>
Actual start value Io> 2 1
Second setting
value for to> or ko
Actual operate time to>
or multiplier ko
2 1
Second setting
value for Io>>
Actual start value Io>> 2 1
Second setting
value for to>>
Actual operate time to>> 2 1
Main setting of
SGF1 checksum
Actual setting of functional
switchgroup SGF1
2 1
Actual setting of blocking
switchgroup SGB
1
Main setting of
SGB checksum
Actual setting of relay
switchgroup SGR1
1
Main setting of
SGR1 checksum
2
Event (n-1)
value of phase L1
Event (n-2)
value of phase L1
Latest memorized, event (n)
value of phase L1
1
1 2
Event (n-1)
value of phase L2
Event (n-2)
value of phase L2
value of phase L2
2
1 2
Event (n-1)
value of phase L3
Event (n-2)
value of phase L3
value of phase L3
3
1 2
Main setting
value for t> or k
Main setting
value for I>>
Main setting
value for t>>
Main setting
value for Io>
Main setting
value for to> or ko
Main setting
value for Io>>
Main setting
value for to>>
Second setting of
SGB checksum
2
Second setting
value for I>
2 1
Main setting
value for I>
Actual start value I>
SUBMENUS
FWD. STEP 1 s REV. STEP 0.5 s
M
A
I
N
M
E
N
U
R
E
V.
S
T
E
P
.5
s
F
W
D.
S
T
E
P
1
s
MAIN MENU SUBMENUS
STEP 0.5 s PROGRAM 1 s
Highest maximum
demand value found
1
Main setting of
SGF2 checksum
Main setting of
SGR2 checksum
Fig. 4.Example of part of the main and submenus for the settings of the overcurrent and earth-fault
relay module SPCJ 4D29. The settings currently in use are in the main manu and they are displayed
by pressing the STEP push button. The main menu also includes the measured current values, the
registers 1...9, 0 and A. The main and second setting values are located in the submenus and are
called up on the display with the PROGRAM push button.
7
Example 1 Operation in the setting mode. Manual setting
of the main setting of the start current value I>
of an overcurrent relay module. The initial value
a)
Press push button STEP repeatedly until the
LED close to the I> symbol is lit and the current
start value appears on the display.
b)
Enter the submenu to get the main setting value
by pressing the PROGRAM push button more
than one second and then releasing it. The red
display digit now shows a flashing number 1,
indicating the first submenu position and the
green digits show the set value.
c)
Enter the setting mode by pressing the PRO-
GRAM push button for five seconds until the
display starts flashing.
d)
Press the PROGRAM push button once again
for one second to get the rightmost digit flash-
ing.
e)
Now the flashing digit can be altered. Use the
STEP push button to set the digit to the desired
value.
f)
Press the PROGRAM push button to make the
middle one of the green digits flash.
g)
Set the middle digit with of the STEP push
button.
h)
leftmost green digit flash.
for the main setting is 0.80 x I
n
and for the
second setting 1.00 x I
n
. The desired main start
value is 1.05 x I
n
.
5 x 1 s
1 s
5 s
1 s
5 x
1 s
2 x
1 s
0. 8 0
1 0. 8 0
1 0. 8 0
1 0. 8 0
1 0. 8 5
1 0. 8 5
1 0. 0 5
1 0. 0 5
RESET
STEP
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
RESET
STEP
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
8
1 s
0 x
1 s
0 x
1 s
5 s
1 1. 0 5
1 1. 0 5
1 1. 0 5
1 1. 0 5
1 - - -
1 1. 0 5
2 1. 0 0
i)
Set the digit with the STEP push button.
j)
decimal point flash.
k)
If needed, move the decimal point with the
STEP push button.
l)
whole display flash. In this position, corre-
sponding to position c) above, one can see the
new value before it is recorded. If the value
needs changing, use the PROGRAM push but-
ton to alter the value.
m)
When the new value has been corrected, record
it in the memory of the relay module by pressing
the PROGRAM and STEP push buttons simul-
taneously. At the moment the information en-
ters the memory, the green dashes flash once in
the display, i.e. 1 - - -.
n)
Recording of the new value automatically initi-
ates a return from the setting mode to the
normal submenu. Without recording one can
leave the setting mode any time by pressing the
PROGRAM push button for about five sec-
onds, until the green display digits stop flashing.
o)
If the second setting is to be altered, enter
submenu position 2 of the setting I> by pressing
the STEP push button for approx. one second.
The flashing position indicator 1 will then be
replaced by a flashing number 2 which indicates
that the setting shown on the display is the
second setting for I>.
Enter the setting mode as in step c) and proceed
in the same way. After recording of the re-
quested values return to the main menu is
obtained by pressing the STEP push button
RESET
STEP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
until the first digit is switched off. The LED still
shows that one is in the I> position and the
display shows the new setting value currently in
use by the relay module.
9
Example 2
5 s
1 x
1 s
1 x
1 s
Operation in the setting mode. Manual setting
of the main setting of the checksum for the
switchgroup SGF1 of a relay module. The initial
value for the checksum is 000 and the switches
SGF1/1and SGF1/3 are to be set in position 1.
This means that a checksum of 005 should be
the final result.
n x 1 s
1 s
a)
Press push button STEP until the LED close to
the SGF symbol is lit and the checksum appears
on the display.
b)
Enter the submenu to get the main checksum of
SGF1 by pressing the PROGRAM push button
for more than one second and then releasing it.
The red display now shows a flashing number 1
indicating the first submenu position and the
green digits show the checksum.
c)
Enter the setting mode by pressing the PRO-
GRAM push button for five seconds until the
display starts flashing.
d)
Press the PROGRAM push button once again
to get the first switch position. The first digit of
the display now shows the switch number. The
position of the switch is shown by the rightmost
digit.
e)
The switch position can now be toggled be-
tween 1 and 0 by means of the STEP push
button and it is left in the requested position 1.
f)
When switch number 1 is in the requested
position, switch number 2 is called up by press-
ing the PROGRAM push button for one sec-
ond. As in step e), the switch position can be
altered by using the STEP push button. As the
desired setting for SGF1/2 is 0 the switch is left
in the 0 position.
g)
Switch SGF1/3 is called up as in step f) by
pressing the PROGRAM push button for about
one second.
0 0 0
1 0 0 0
1 0 0 0
1 1 0
1 1 1
1 2 0
1 3 0
RESET
STEP
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
10
1 x
n x 1 s
5 s
5 x 1 s
1 0 0 5
1 - - -
1 0 0 5
0 0 5
1 3 1
h)
The switch position is altered to the desired
position 1 by pressing the STEP push button
once.
i)
Using the same procedure the switches SGF 1/
4...8 are called up and, according to the exam-
ple, left in position 0.
j)
In the final setting mode position, correspond-
ing to step c), the checksum based on the set
switch positions is shown.
k)
If the correct checksum has been obtained, it is
recorded in the memory by pressing the push
buttons PROGRAM and STEP simultaneously.
At the moment the information enters the
memory, the green dashes flash in the display,
i.e.1 - - -. If the checksum is incorrect, the
setting of the separate switches is repeated using
the PROGRAM and STEP push buttons start-
ing from step d).
l)
Recording the new value automatically initiates
a return from the setting mode to the normal
menu. Without recording one can leave the
setting mode any time by pressing the PRO-
GRAM push button for about five seconds,
until the green display digits stop flashing.
m)
After recording the desired values return to the
main menu is obtained by pressing the STEP
push button until the first digit is turned off.
The LED indicator SGF still shows that one is
in the SGF position and that the display shows
the new checksum for SGF1 currently in use by
the relay module.
RESET
STEP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
11
Recorded
information
The parameter values measured at the moment
when a fault occurs or at the trip instant are
recorded in the registers. The recorded data,
except for some parameters, are set to zero by
pressing the push buttons STEP and PRO-
GRAM simultaneously. The data in normal
registers are erased if the auxiliary voltage supply
to the relay is interrupted, only the set values and
certain other essential parameters are maintained
in non-volatile registers during a voltage failure.
The number of registers varies with different
relay module types. The functions of the regis-
ters are illustrated in the descriptions of the
different relay modules. Additionally, the sys-
tem front panel of the relay contains a simplified
list of the data recorded by the various relay
modules of the protection relay.
All D type relay modules are provided with two
general registers: register 0 and register A.
Register 0 contains, in coded form, the informa-
tion about e.g. external blocking signals, status
information and other signals. The codes are
explained in the manuals of the different relay
modules.
Register A contains the address code of the relay
modul which is reqiured by the serial communi-
cation system.
Submenu 1 of register A contains the data trans-
fer rate value, expressed in kilobaud, of the serial
communication.
Submenu 2 of register A contains a bus commu-
nication monitor for the SPAbus. If the protec-
tion relay, which contains the relay module, is
linked to a system including a contol data
communicatoe, for instance SRIO 1000M and
the data communication system is operating,
the counter reading of the monitor will be zero.
Otherwise the digits 1...255 are continuously
scrolling in the monitor.
Submenu 3 contains the password required for
changing the remote settings. The address code,
the data transfer rate of the serial communica-
tion and the password can be set manually or via
the serial communication bus. For manual set-
ting see example 1.
The default value is 001 for the address code, 9.6
kilobaud for the data transfer rate and 001 for
the password.
In order to secure the setting values, all settings
are recorded in two separate memory banks
within the non-volatile memory. Each bank is
complete with its own checksum test to verify
the condition of the memory contents. If, for
some reason, the contents of one bank is
disturbed, all settings are taken from the other
bank and the contents from here is transferred to
the faulty memory region, all while the relay is
in full operation condition. If both memory
banks are simultaneously damaged the relay will
be be set out of operation, and an alarm signal
will be given over the serial port and the IRF
output relay
12
Trip test function Register 0 also provides access to a trip test
function, which allows the output signals of the
relay module to be activated one by one. If the
auxiliary relay module of the protection assem-
bly is in place, the auxiliary relays then will
operate one by one during the testing.
When pressing the PROGRAM push button
for about five seconds, the green digits to the
right start flashing indicating that the relay
module is in the test position. The indicators of
the settings indicate by flashing which output
signal can be activated. The required output
function is selected by pressing the PROGRAM
push button for about one second.
The indicators of the setting quantities refer to
the following output signals:
Setting I> Starting of stage I>
Setting t> Tripping of stage I>
Setting I>> Starting of stage I>>
Setting t>> Tripping of stage I>>
etc.
No indication Self-supervision IRF
The selected starting or tripping is activated by
simultaneous pressing of the push buttons
STEP and PROGRAM. The signal remains
activated as long as the two push butttons are
pressed. The effect on the output relays depends
on the configuration of the output relay matrix
switches.
The self-supervision output is activated by press-
ing the STEP push button 1 second when no
setting indicator is flashing. The IRF output is
activated in about 1 second after pressing of the
STEP push button.
The signals are selected in the order illustrated in
Fig. 4.
REGISTER 0
I> START I> TRIP I START I TRIP Io> START Io> TRIP IoSTART Io TRIP
PROGRAM
5 s
PROGRAM
1 s
PROGRAM
1 s
PROGRAM
1 s
PROGRAM
1 s
PROGRAM
1 s
PROGRAM
1 s
PROGRAM
1 s
PROGRAM
1 s
STEP &
PROGRAM
STEP &
PROGRAM
STEP &
PROGRAM
STEP &
PROGRAM
STEP &
PROGRAM
STEP &
PROGRAM
STEP &
PROGRAM
STEP &
PROGRAM
I
t
I>
t>
Io>
to>
Io
to
IRF
STEP
PROGRAM
1 s
Fig. 5.Sequence order for the selection of output signals in the Trip test mode
If, for instance, the indicator of the setting t> is
flashing, and the push buttons STEP and PRO-
GRAM are being pressed, the trip signal from
the low-set overcurrent stage is activated. Re-
turn to the main menu is possible at any stage of
the trip test sequence scheme, by pressing the
PROGRAM push button for about five sec-
onds.
Note!
The effect on the output relays then depends on
the configuration of the output relay matrix
switchgroups SGR 1...3.
13
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCJ 4D29
TRIP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
L1 L2 L3 o
IRF
3 > I
I I I I
> n I I /
k
s > t [ ]
n >> I I /
s >>[ ] t
s o
>
k
o
[ ] t
n o> I I /
s >>
o
t [ ]
n >>
o
I / I
8
7
9
B
I
Example 3
n x 1 s
0 0 0 0
5 s
0 0 0 0
Trip test function. Forced activation of the
outputs.
a)
Step forward on the display to register 0.
b)
Press the PROGRAM push button for about
five seconds until the three green digits to the
right.
c)
Hold down the STEP push button. After one
second the red IRF indicator is lit and the IRF
output is activated. When the step push button
is released the IRF indicator is switched off and
the IRF output resets.
d)
Press the PROGRAM push button for one
second and the indicator of the topmost setting
start flashing.
e)
If a start of the first stage is required, now press
the push-buttons PROGRAM and STEP simul-
taneously. The stage output will be activated and
the output relays will operate according to the
actual programming of the relay output
switchgroups SGR.
0 0 0 0
RESET
STEP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
PROGRAM
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCJ 4D29
TRIP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
L1 L2 L3 o
IRF
3 > I
I I I I
> n I I /
k
s > t [ ]
n >> I I /
s >>[ ] t
s o
>
k
o
[ ] t
n o> I I /
s >>
o
t [ ]
n >>
o
I / I
8
7
9
B
I
14
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCJ 4D29
TRIP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
L1 L2 L3 o
IRF
3 > I
I I I I
> n I I /
k
s > t [ ]
n >> I I /
s >>[ ] t
s o
>
k
o
[ ] t
n o> I I /
s >>
o
t [ ]
n >>
o
I / I
8
7
9
B
I
SGR
SGB
SGF
SPCJ 4D29
TRIP
PROGRAM
RESET
STEP
L1 L2 L3 o
IRF
3 > I
I I I I
> n I I /
k
s > t [ ]
n >> I I /
s >>[ ] t
s o
>
k
o
[ ] t
n o> I I /
s >>
o
t [ ]
n >>
o
I / I
8
7
9
B
I
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
f)
To proceed to the next position press the PRO-
GRAM push button for about 1 second until
the indicator of the second setting starts flash-
ing.
g)
Press the push buttons PROGRAM and STEP
simultaneously to activate tripping of stage 1
(e.g. the I> stage of the overcurrent module
SPCJ 4D29). The output relays will operate
according to the actual programming of the
relay switchgroups SGR. If the main trip relay
is operated the trip indicator of the measuring
module is lit.
h)
The starting and tripping of the remaining
stages are activated in the same way as the first
stage above. The indicator of the corresponding
setting starts flashing to indicate that the con-
cerned stage can be activated by pressing the
STEP and PROGRAM buttons simultaneously.
For any forced stage operation, the output
relays will respond according to the setting of
the relay output switchgroups SGR. Any time
a certain stage is selected that is not wanted to
operate, pressing the PROGRAM button once
more will pass by this position and move to the
next one without carrying out any operation of
the selected stage.
It is possible to leave the trip test mode at any
step of the sequence scheme by pressing the
PROGRAM push button for about five seconds
until the three digits to the right stop flashing.
PROGRAM
1 s
RESET
STEP
PROGRAM
15
Operation
indication
Fault codes
A relay module is provided with a multiple of
separate operation stages, each with its own
operation indicator shown on the display and a
common trip indicator on the lower part of the
front plate of the relay module.
The starting of a relay stage is indicated with one
number which changes to another number when
the stage operates. The indicator remains glow-
ing although the operation stage resets. The
In addition to the protection functions the relay
module is provided with a self-supervision sys-
tem which continuously supervises the function
of the microprocessor, its program execution
and the electronics.
Shortly after the self-supervision system detects
a permanent fault in the relay module, the red
IRF indicator on the front panel is lit . At the
same time the module puts forward a control
signal to the output relay of the self-supervision
system of the protection relay.
In most fault situations a fault code, indicating
the nature of the fault, appears on the display of
the module. The fault code, which consists of a
red figure "1" and a three digit green code
number, cannot be removed from the display by
resetting. When a fault occurs, the fault code
should be recorded and stated when service is
ordered. When in a fault mode, the normal
relay menus are operative, i.e. all setting values
and measured values can be accessed although
the relay operation is inhibited. The serial com-
munication is also operative making it possible
to access the relay information also from a
remote site. The internal relay fault code shown
on the display remains active until the internal
fault possibly disappears and can also be re-
motely read out as variable V 169.
indicator is reset by means of the RESET push
button of the relay module. An unreset opera-
tion indicator does not affect the function of the
protection relay module.
In certain cases the function of the operation
indicators may deviate from the above princi-
ples. This is described in detail in the descrip-
tions of the separate modules.
1
M
R
S

7
5
0
0
9
9
-
M
U
M

E
N
ABB Oy
Substation Automation
P.O.Box 699
FIN-65101 VAASA
Finland
Tel. +358 (0)10 22 11
Fax.+358 (0)10 22 41094
www.abb.com/substationautomation

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Definete tripping of the circuit breaker can be

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