Socio Economic Profile of Poultry Firms in Namakkal District - S. Vanaja

Vol . V : Issue.
21
ISSN : 0975-9999 (Print) 2349-1655 (Online)

Available online at www.selptrust.org
SELP Journal of Social Science
Vol V : Issue. 21
July - September 2014
SOCIO ECONOMIC PROFILE OF POULTRY FIRMS

IN NAMAKKAL DISTRICT
Dr. K.Chandrasekar,
Associate Professor of Commerce (Retd )
S. Vanaja
Ph.D Scholar
PG and Research Department of Commerce,
Kandaswami Kandars college- Velur (Namakkal),
ABSTRACT
The Indian poultry industry is growing. As the country progresses and people become
prosperous, they change their food habits and eat more eggs and meat. This phenomenon is seen
throughout the world. Indian poultry industry has the inherent potential to become the worldleader. A survey to study the prices of eggs and prices of poultry feed in 45 countries points out
that eggs are cheapest in India, even though feed costs are not cheapest.
Key words: poultry industry, Eggs, broiler, chicken, Socio-economic profile

entrepreneurs, This study would be useful to
the poultry entrepreneurs and the ancillary
industr ies to impr ove their business
opportunities.
Introduction
Poultry continues to be one of the
fastest growing segments of the agricultural
sector in India today. The growth rates of egg
production during last two to three years for
eggs and poultry meat are averaging at nearly
6% and 9% annually respectively. In India,
poultry sector growth may be attributed to
many factors like rising incomes and a rapidly
expanding middle class, together with the
emergence of vertically integrated poultry
producers that have reduced consumer prices
by lowering production and marketing costs.
Hence, there is a need to understand and
evaluate the status and structure of poultry
firms in Namakkal district with respect to the
Socio-economic pr ofile of the poultr y
Review of literature
Karthikeyan R and Neduchezhian V R
have analyzed the rapid growth of Indian
poultry industry is driven by a combination
of rising incomes, young and urbanizing
population and declining real poultry prices.
Nazrul Islam et al. have found that simple
poultry rearing practices do empower rural
women and improve their social status.
Hence, homestead poultry rearing and other
similar b usiness pr ojects should be
encour aged by gover nment and nongover nment development agencies as it
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Vol . V : Issue. 21
incr eases independent decision making

authority and the involvement of women in
their family affairs, which enhances the
socio-economic development of the rural
sector.
cooperative need to be extended in all

poultry producing states.
Research Methodology
The present research study is descriptive
in nature using both primary and secondary
data. Descriptive research includes surveys
and fact-finding enquiries of different kinds.
The major purpose of descriptive research
is description of the state of affairs, as it
exists at present. Primary data has collected
with the help of str uctur ed inter view
schedule and it has supplied to the selected
respondents. Secondary data has collected
from various books, journals, magazines,
periodicals, reports, official documents and
unpublished thesis.
Headley J C estimated that production

functions for egg-laying flocks of hybrid and
leghorn hens raised on low state farms. The
regression analysis indicated that flock size,
housing area, corn equivalent labor and
protein equivalents significantly contributed
for gross returns.
Pandey R K et al. studied the status of
poultry production in India and analyzed the
behavior of production cost of poultr y
products in selected areas. The study showed
that poultry had become a vital component
of the fa r m economy as it gener ated
additional income and employment in the
r ur al ar ea. T he study concluded that
availability of feed at reasonable prices
would provide an incentive to the farmers to
produce more poultry.
Profile of Namakkal district

Namakkal District is a newly formed
district from Salem District. It is functioning
from 01-01-1997.It consists of 5 Taluks
namely
Namakkal.
Ras ipur am,
Tir uchengode , Par amathi Velur and
KolliHills.Thedistrictisboundedbysalem
on the north, Karur on the south, Trichy and
Salem on the east and Erode on the West.
For Administrative pruposes the district has
been divided into 2 Revenue Divisions, 5
Taluks, 30 Revenue firkas . For local
arrangements, the district has been divided
into 5 Municipalities, 15 Panchayats
Unions,19 Town Panchayats and 322
Village Panchayats. Thiruvaraikkal as it is
mentioned in the inscription found on the
north west and south walls of the deserted
temple on the Hill. Since it produces major
part of Eggs sent to all over other parts of
our country, and is also called Poultry
Town as it contains quite a number of
poultry Farms And also now called as Egg
City.
Iqbaluddin mentions that in most of the

poultry pockets in India, marketing was still
controlled by private traders. Fluctuation in
the prices of poultry products was one of the
main constraints for attracting investment in
the sector. Market intervention scheme for
procurement of eggs in Andhra Pradesh,
Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya
Pradesh and Rajasthan by NAFED had shown
encouraging results though the magnitude of
operation is very small.
Seetharaman studied the pattern of poultry
development in India. He observed that out
of nine states, with well-developed poultry
industry only in two of them in Gujarat and
Maharashtra, the poultry cooperatives were
doing well. He recommended that poultry
49
Vol . V : Issue. 21
Research Methodology
The present research study is descriptive
in nature using both primary and secondary
data. Primary data has collected with the help
of structured interview schedule and it has
supplied t o the selected r es pondents.
Secondary data has collected from various
books, journals, magazines, periodicals,
reports, official documents and unpublished
thesis.
illiterates, the educational qualification of

17.28 per cent of the respondents is primary
level, the educational qualification of 23.51
per cent of the r espondents is Higher
Secondary, 42.78 per cent of the respondents
are Graduates and 8.78 per cent of the
respondents are Post graduates.
Sampling Technique
Stratified random sampling method was
used as the sampling technique. The study
area is restricted to Namakkal district which
has been divided into 2 Revenue Divisions, 5
Taluks, 30 Revenue firkas . from each block
10 sample respondents were selected based
on propor tionate convenience sampling
methods, hence the sample size would be 360
.Off which 353 sample could be finalized and
remaining seven interview scheduled has
removed due to incomplete.
Highest per centages (96 .88%) of

respondents were Hindu and 3.12 per cent
of them are Christian. 3.12 per cent of the
respondents are SC, 85.55 per cent of the
respondents are BC, 10.76 per cent of the
respondents are MBC and 0.57 per cent of
the respondents are OC.
Table 1 S ocial profile of poultry
Regarding the Annual Income (Rs.) the

distribution shows that 3.40 per cent of the
respondents have annual income of Less than
l Lakhs, 28.90 per cent of the respondents
have 1 Lakh - 5 Lakhs, 13.31 per cent of the
respondents have annual income of 5 Lakhs
- 10 Lakhs and 54.39 per cent of the
respondents have Above - 10 Lakhs. 49.58
per cent of the respondents are from Nuclear
family and remaining 50.42 per cent of the
respondents are from Joint family.
entrepreneurs
Source: Interview Schedule
The table 1 shows the distribution of
demographic variables of the respondents
observed over the factors of Gender, Age in
years, Marital status, Education, Religion,
Community, Annual Income, Type of Family,
Size of family and Type of House.
75.07 per cent of samples of respondents
were Male and 24.93 per cent were female.
7.37 per cent were 26 - 35 years old, 38.53
per cent were the age group of 36-45 years
and 54.11 per cent were Above 45 years.
Regarding the Marital Status the distribution
shows that all the respondents are married.
15.30 per cent of the respondents have

Up to 3 members in their family, 66.01 per
cent of them have 4 - 6 members, 15.86 per
cent of them have 7 - 9 members and 2.83
per cent of them have above 9 members.
95.18 per cent of the respondents ar e
7.65 per cent of the respondents are

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Vol . V : Issue. 21
Initial Investment in business, Ownership

status of your business, Size of your
enterprise, Relevant working experience,
For mal Tr aining, Sour ce of finance,
Motivating factors, Major expenditure,
Received loan from banks, and Sufficiency
of bank loan to meet working capital.
residing in Own house and 4.82 per cent of

the respondents are residing in rented house.
Table 2 E conomic profile o f poultry
entrepreneurs
Regarding the Location of Enterprise the

distribution shows that 92.35 per cent of the
respondents are located in rural and 7.65 per
cent of the respondents are in urban. 71.10
per cent of the r espondents ar e Fir st
gener ation and 28.90 per cent of the
respondents are Second generation.
44.48 per cent of the respondents became
an entrepreneur by their Own interest,. 94.90
per cent of the respondents Owned and 5.10
per cent of the respondents Rented / on
Lease.
Regarding the Initial Investment in
business the distribution shows that 9.07 per
cent of the respondents initially invested Up
to l Lakh, and 47.31 per cent of the
respondents initially invested Above 10
Lakhs.
Regar ding the Ownership status of
business, the distribution shows that 45.89 per
cent of the respondents are Single owner / Sole
Proprietor and 23.23 % of the enterprises are
Micro, 28.90 % of the enterprises are small
and 47.59 % of the enterprises are medium.
71.67% of the respondents have Relevant
working experience and 26.06 % of the
respondents have attended formal training.
Source: Interview Schedule
Regarding the Source of finance the

distribution shows that the Source of 24.93%
of the respondents are Own savings and 44.48
% of the respondents are motivated to Earn
money
The table 2 shows the distribution of profile

of the respondents observed over the factors
of Location of enterprises, Entrepreneurial
backgr ou nd, Inducer to b ecome an
entrepreneur, Nature of building occupied,
Regarding the Received loan from banks

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Vol . V : Issue. 21
the distribution shows that 88.10% of the

respondents have receive loan from public
sector banks, 7.37% of the respondents have
received loan from private sector banks and
the distribution shows that 4.53 % of the
respondents received loan from co operative
banks. 81.59% of the respondents loan to meet
working capital, 12.75% of the respondents
are some extent and the distribution shows
that 5.67 % of the respondents not sufficiency
of loan to meet working capital.
References
Conclusion
Karthikeyan R and Nedunchezhian V R.
Headley J C. 1964. Economics of Scale

and Size in Floor Managed Laying
Flocks. World Agril. Economics and
Rural Economy Volume 3, pp 351-358
Iqbaluddin. 1996. Poultry Development

Policies and Planning for Higher
Production Environmental Production
Income and Employment. Proceeding of
the 20th World Poultry Congress, New
Delhi, Volume III, pp 333-342.
A study on poultry farms is one of the

emerging and most important aspects in the
socio economic development of the particular
region. Indian Poultry Industry is one of the
fastest growing segments of the agricultural
sector today in India. The Indian Poultry
Industry is 5,000 years old, since last 4
decades, it began to witness remarkable
growth from backyard to poultry industry.
Indian poultry industry has been growing at
annual varying rates of 8-15% and this growth
in the past few decades made India fifth
largest producer of eggs and ninth largest
producer of poultry broiler. Hence there is a
vast and enormous growth in poultry business
in the Namakkal distr ict . P r oper and
appropriate institutional and infrastructural
ar r angements should pr ovide to these
industries to sustain and retain the name of
the Egg city of Tamil Nadu forever.
2013. Vertical Integration Paving Way to

Organised Retailing in Indian Poultry
Industr y. Inter national J our nal of
Business and Management Invention,
Volumen 2, pp 39-46.
Nazrul Islam, Ezaz Ahmed and Janet

Chew. 2012. Empowerment Factors of
Rur al Women T hr ough Homestead
Poultry Rearing in Bangladesh
Pandy R K, Bhardwaj S P, Nirman K P S

and Mahajan V K. 1996. Economic
Analysis of Pr ice Behaviour and
Marketing of Eggs. Indian Journal of
Agricultural Marketing, pp 343-357.
Seetharaman. 1996. The Role of Poultry

Co-operation in India. Proceedings of the
20th World Poultry Congress, New Delhi.
India, Volume 3, pp 343-357.
52

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Vol . V : Issue.

ISSN : 0975-9999 (Print) 2349-1655 (Online)