Proceedings of COBEM 2009

Copyright 2009 by ABCM

20th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

November 15-20, 2009, Gramado, RS, Brazil

INSTRUCTIONS FOR FORMATTING THE PAPERS DINAMICA DOS

FLUIDOS COMPUTACIONAL/PRODERNA
The title should be specific to the study yet concise, and should allow sensitive and specific electronic retrieval of the article. It
should be comprehensible to readers outside your field. Avoid specialist abbreviations if possible. Present this in title case,
capitalizing all words except for prepositions, articles, and conjunctions. Titles should also include relevant information about the
design of the study, e.g.: Television watching and family dysfunction in medical journal editors: a case-control study.

Fir st Author s Name, e-mail

Abstr act. The abstract succinctly introduces the paper. We advise that it should not exceed 250300 words. The
abstract is conceptually divided into three sections. Background: include here a statement of the main research
question. Methodology/Principal Findings. include here the techniques used without going into methodological detail,
together with a summary of the most important findings with key numerical results given, with measures of error and
not just p values. Conclusions/Significance: concisely summarize the studys implications. Please do not include any
citations in the abstract. Avoid specialist abbreviations if possible.
Keywor ds: keyword 1, keyword 2, keyword 3 (up to 5 keywords)
1. INTRODUCTION
The introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context. As you compose the introduction,
think of readers who are not experts in this field. Include a brief review of the key literature. If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field, they should be mentioned so that a non-expert reader can delve into these
issues further. The introduction should conclude with a brief statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a
comment about whether that aim was achieved.
2. RESULTS
The results section should provide details of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions of the
paper. There is no specific word limit for this section. The section may be divided into subsections, each with a concise
subheading. Large datasets, including raw data, should be submitted as supporting information files; these are published
online alongside the accepted article. We advise that the results section be written in past tense.
All the symbols and notation must be defined in the text. Physical quantities must be expressed in the SI (metric)
units. Mathematical symbols appearing in the text must be typed in italic style.
Bibliographic references should be cited in the text by giving the last name of the author(s) and the year of
publication, according to the following examples: Recent work (Smith and Farias, 1997) or Recently, Smith and
Farias (1997). In the case of three or more authors, the form Smith et al. (1997) should be used. Two or more
references having the same authors and publication year must be distinguished by appending a, b, etc., to the year
of publication. For exemple: Recent work (Smith and Farias, 1997a)
Acceptable references include journal articles, numbered papers, dissertations, theses, published conference
proceedings, preprints from conferences, books, submitted articles (if the journal is identified) and private
communications. Internet sites can also be cited as references, adopting the formatting instructions from the Modern
Language Association as available in http://www.mla.org/style_faq4 recommendations (MLA).
References should be listed at the end of the paper according to instructions provided in Section 6.
3. DISCUSSION
The discussion should spell out the major conclusions of the work along with some explanation or speculation on
the significance of these conclusions. How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions and models in the field?
How can future research build on these observations? What are the key experiments that must be done? The discussion
should be concise and tightly argued. Conclusions firmly established by the presented data, hypotheses supported by the
presented data, and speculations suggested by the presented data should be clearly identified as such. The results and
discussion may be combined into one section, if desired.
4. MATERIALS AND METHODS

This section should pr ovide enough detail to allow full r eplication of the study by suitably skilled
investigator s. Protocols for new methods should be included, but well-established protocols may simply be referenced.

Proceedings of COBEM 2009

Copyright 2009 by ABCM

20th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

November 15-20, 2009, Gramado, RS, Brazil

We encourage authors to submit, as separate supporting information files, detailed protocols for newer or less wellestablished methods. These are published online only, but are linked to the article and are fully searchable.

5. TEXTUAL ELEMENTS
5.1. Mathematical equations
Arabic numerals must be used as equation numbers, enclosed between parentheses, right-aligned, as shown in the
examples below. Equations should be referred to either as Eq. (1) in the middle of a phrase or as Equation (1) in the
beginning of a sentence. Matrix and vector quantities can be indicated either by brackets and braces, as in Eq. (1), or in
bold style, as in Eq. (2). Symbols used in the equations must be defined immediately before or after their first
appearance.
One blank line must be included above and below each equation.
(1)
(2)
5.2. Figur es and tables Legends
The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure, but the figure should also be
discussed in the text. An enlarged version of the figure and its full legend will often be viewed in a separate window
online, and it should be possible for a reader to understand the figure without switching back and forth between this
window and the relevant parts of the text. Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words. The legend
itself should be succinct, while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations. Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods.
Figures and tables should be placed in the text as close as possible to the point they are first mentioned and must be
numbered consecutively in arabic numerals. Figures must be referred to either as Fig. 1 in the middle of a phrase or as
Figure 1 in the beginning of a sentence. The figures themselves as well as their captions must be centered in the
breadth-wise direction. The captions of the figures should not be longer than 3 lines.
The legend for the data symbols as well as the labels for each curve should be included into the figure. Lettering
should be large enough for ease reading. All units must be expressed in the S.I. (metric) system.
One blank line must be left before and after each figure.

Figure 1. Diagram of shear modulus versus frequency at 303 K

Color figures and high quality photographs can be included in the paper. To reduce the file size and preserve the
graphic resolution, figures must be saved into GIF (figures with less than 16 colors) or JPEG (for higher color density)
files before being inserted in the manuscript.
The table title should be concise, no more than one sentence. The rest of the table legend and any footnotes should
be placed below the table. Footnotes can be used to explain abbreviations.
Tables must be cell-based, such as would be produced in a spreadsheet program or in Microsoft Word. Do not

Proceedings of COBEM 2009

Copyright 2009 by ABCM

20th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering

November 15-20, 2009, Gramado, RS, Brazil

provide tables as graphic objects. Tables must be no larger than one printed page (7inches x 9.5inches). Larger tables
can be published as online supporting information. Bold and italics formatting will be preserved in the published
version; however, more extensive formatting will be lost. Do not include color, shading, lines, rules, text boxes, tabs,
returns, or pictures within the table.
Tables must be referred to either as Tab. 1 in the middle of a phrase or as Table 1 in the beginning of a sentence.
The tables themselves as well as their titles must be centered in the breadth-wise direction. The titles of the tables
should not be longer than 3 lines. The font style and size used in the tables must be similar (both in size and style) to
those used in the text body. Units must be expressed in the S.I. (metric) system. Explanations, if any, should be given at
the foot of the tables, not within the tables themselves.
One blank line must be left before and after each table.
The style of table borders is left free. An example is given in Tab. 1.
Table 1. Experimental results for flexural properties of CFRC-4HS and CFRC-TWILL composites.
Span/depth ratio = 35:1. Average results of 7 specimens.
Composite Properties
Flexural Strength (MPa)(1)
Flexural Modulus (GPa)(1)
Mid-span deflection at the failure stress (mm)
(1)
: measured at 25C

CFRC-TWILL
209 10
57.0 2.8
2.15 1.90

CFRC-4HS
180 15
18.0 1.3
6.40 0.25

6. CONCLUSIONS
Draw some conclusions of the data shown. Was the result satisfactory? Explain if the results have physical
significance. The method applied is adequate to the problem? What are the drawbacks?
7. REFERENCES
The list of references must be introduced as a new section, located at the end of the paper. All references included in
the reference list must have been mentioned in the text. References must be listed in alphabetical order, according to the
last name of the first author. See the following examples:
ABCM, 2004. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Engineering and Mechanical Sciences. 1 Feb. 2007,
<http://www.abcm.org.br/journal/index.shtml.>
Bordalo, S.N., Ferziger, J.H. and Kline, S.J.,1989, The Development of Zonal Models for Turbulence, Proceedings of
the 10th Brazilian Congress of Mechanical Engineering, Vol.1, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, pp. 41-44.
Coimbra, A.L., 1978, Lessons of Continuum Mechanics, Ed. Edgard Blcher, S.Paulo, Brazil, 428 p.
Clark, J.A.,1986, Private Communication, University of Michigan, Ann Harbor.
MLA. 12 April 2003, How do I document sources from the Web in my works-cited list?. Modern Language
Association. 22 February 2007 < http://www.mla.org/style_faq4 >.
Soviero, P.A.O. and Lavagna, L.G.M.,1997, A Numerical Model for Thin Airfoils in Unsteady Motion, RBCM- J. of
the Brazilian Soc. Mechanical Sciences, Vol.19, No. 3, pp. 332-340.
Sparrow, E.M., 1980, Forced Convection Heat Transfer in a Duct Having Spanwise-Periodic Rectangular
Protuberances, Numerical Heat Transfer, Vol.3, pp. 149-167.