LEED-NC MV Plan Template 7-9-08

This material was contributed for EVO Subscribers to see how others are addressing M&V design issues.
EVO makes no representation as to its adherence to IPMVP or its suitability for any purpose.
Facility
Measurement and Verification Plan
LEEDTM Energy and Atmosphere Credit 5
Prepared for
U.S. Green Building Council
1015 18th Street, NW, Suite 508
Washington, DC 20036
(202) 82-USGBC
Prepared by
Efficiency Valuation Organization
IPMVP Committee
July 2008
This material was contributed for EVO Subscribers to see how others are addressing M&V design issues.
EVO makes no representation as to its adherence to IPMVP or its suitability for any purpose.
2008 Energy Valuation Organization. All rights reserved.
This material was contributed for EVO Subscribers to see how others are addressing M&V design issues. EVO
makes no representation as to its adherence to IPMVP or its suitability for any purpose.
Sample IPMVP-Compliant LEED Measurement and Verification Plan
Sample IPMVP-Compliant LEED

Measurement and Verification Plan
Table of Contents
0
Executive Summary ..................................................................................................iv
General Introduction ................................................................................................. 1

1.1
1.2
Background ......................................................................................................... 1
Measurement & Verification ................................................................................ 1
Technical Approach .................................................................................................. 3

2.1
Building Energy Model Types .............................................................................. 3
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.1.4
2.1.5
2.1.6
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
3
General Building Overview ................................................................................ 10

Chilled Water System ........................................................................................ 10
Hot Water System ............................................................................................. 10
Air Distribution System ...................................................................................... 10
Building Management System........................................................................... 11
Lighting.............................................................................................................. 11
Verification and Monitoring Plan ............................................................................. 12

4.1
4.2
Building Energy Performance Evaluation ............................................................ 4

Determination of Energy Savings...................................................................... 6
Weather Data ...................................................................................................... 8
Short-term Monitoring and Analysis..................................................................... 8
Visual Inspections................................................................................................ 9
Training and Ongoing Accountability ................................................................... 9
Building System Description ................................................................................... 10

3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
Pre-construction Design Case (Model DCpre) ............................................................. 3

Pre-construction Baseline Case (Model BCpre) ........................................................... 3
Calibrated Post -construction Design Case (Model DCpost,cal) .................................... 3
Calibrated Post-construction Baseline Case (Model BCpost,cal) ................................... 4
Post -construction Design Case using TMY2 Weather (Model DCpost,typ)................... 4
Post- construction Baseline Case using TMY2 Weather (Model BCpost,typ) ................ 4
Performance Verification ................................................................................... 12

Monitoring Plan ................................................................................................. 12
Quality Assurance..................................................................................................... 1
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Schedule................................................................................................................... 1
Reporting .................................................................................................................. 2
ii
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Preface
LEED-NC 2.2, EA Credit 5: Measurement & Verification calls for the applicant to develop and
implement a Measurement & Verification (M&V) Plan consistent with Option D: Calibrated
Simulation (Savings Estimation Method 2), or Option B: Energy Conservation Measure Isolation,
as specified in the International Performance Measurement & Verification Protocol (IPMVP)
Volume III: Concepts and Options for Determining Energy Savings in New Construction, April,
2003.
The referenced IPMVP volume is one of several produced and maintained by the Efficiency
Valuation Organization (EVO). EVO is the only non-profit organization in the world solely
dedicated to creating measurement and verification (M&V) tools to allow efficiency to flourish.
Our vision is a global market that properly values the efficiency resource, enabling and assisting
the optimal investment in these opportunities.
The IPMVP Committee of EVO prepared this sample measurement & verification plan as an
example to LEED applicants and LEED reviewers of an IPMVP-compliant plan. The primary
authors of this plan are Mr. Tracy M. Phillips of Architectural Energy Corporation in Boulder,
Colorado and Mr. Kevin Warren, P.E. of Warren Energy Engineering, LLC in Pennsylvania.
Users with comments or questions are encouraged to discuss them at http://www.evo-world.org
by selecting Resources and then Forums.
iii
IPMVP Committee
0 Executive Summary
The measurement and verification plan presented here provides a systematic procedure for
determining the energy performance of the facilitys end-uses. The International Performance
Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP) provides the framework for this plan. IPMVP
Option D, Calibrated Simulation, has been selected as the method of M&V for this project. This
entails the use of an energy simulation model to estimate the annual building energy
consumption of the facility.
The following building systems will be investigated and analyzed during the M&V process:
HVAC components.
HVAC system: interaction of cooling, heating, and comfort delivery systems.
Building Automation System (BAS): control hardware and software, sequence of operations,
integration of factory controls with BAS.
Lighting system components.
All equipment will be monitored using the building automation system (BAS) with the exception
of lighting. Lighting panels and circuits will be monitored using remote data logging equipment.
Monitored points may include power, temperature, static pressure, airflow, water flow, status,
and humidity. The points monitored will depend on the applicable energy saving measures or
building end-uses to be measured and verified. The end-uses to be measured in addition to the
energy saving measures include:
Lighting systems and controls
Constant and variable load motors
Variable frequency drive operation
Chiller efficiency at variable loads
Cooling load
Air and water economizer and heat recovery cycles
Air distribution static pressures and ventilation air volumes
Boiler efficiencies
Building-related process energy systems and equipment
iv
IPMVP Committee
The following equipment will be monitored for a period of four weeks once the building has been
completely commissioned and is operating under normal occupancy:
Boilers
Hot Water Loop Pump
Chillers
Chilled Water Loop Pump
Cooling Tower
Condenser Water Loop Pump
Selection of lighting circuits
Air Handling Unit supply fans (1, 4, 8)
3 Selected zone temperatures
AHU economizer operation (1, 4, 8)
The facility is applying for LEED EA Credit 1 Optimize Energy Performance using Option 1
Whole Building Energy Simulation, which requires the development of a pair of energy models.
One model represents the pre-construction design case, and the other model represents the
pre-construction budget case, which is the design case model crippled to follow the Building
Performance Rating Method defined in Appendix G of ASHRAE Standard 90.1 2004.
Once all performance data collected as part of this M&V effort have been analyzed, inputs to the
pre-construction design case energy model will be revised to reflect the true operation of the
building (based on the interval data collected). The energy performance of this model will also
be calibrated using one year of utility billing information1. The same modifications (such as
correcting the building operating hours and setpoints) will be made to the baseline model.
The energy savings for the building are calculated by comparing the actual utility consumption
to the calibrated baseline model. The calibrated and the original design models are also
compared to shed light on the true energy performance of the buildings various energy saving
measures and building end-uses2.
An M&V report will be presented to the building owner that describes the results of the
monitored data analysis, and presents the energy performance results of the energy saving
measures and building end-uses. Recommendations will also be presented to the building
owner, that may potentially improve energy performance if the building is not performing as
expected. The report will be reviewed via a conference call between the M&V Consultant and
the building owner and facility personnel, to provide clarification of any of the items or
observations in the report.
The model will be calibrated to each months utility bill, within 10% of actual energy use. For the
purposes of the calibration run, actual weather data for this time period will be used, rather than the TMY
weather file, which is a 30-year average of weather conditions for the region.
2
Thirty-year average (typical) weather data is used to compare the energy performance of the two
calibrated post-construction energy models (budget and design cases).
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These M&V services will be performed annually by the M&V Consultant, to ensure ongoing
accountability of the buildings energy performance.
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IPMVP Committee
1 General Introduction
1.1
Background
Client is the project architect for the new 200,000 ft2 Facility in Anycity, Tennessee. The
architects client requires that the new facility be responsive to energy and environmental design
considerations to reduce operating costs and to provide a visible expression of sustainable
development and design. The client has established a sustainable design goal of Silver or better
under the U.S. Green Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
(LEEDTM) rating system.
The LEED Green Building Rating System is a voluntary, consensus-based, market-driven
building rating system based on existing proven technology. It evaluates environmental
performance from a whole-building perspective over a buildings life-cycle, providing a definitive
standard for what constitutes a green building. The LEED v.2.2 Energy and Atmosphere Credit
5, Measurement and Verification, provides for the ongoing accountability and optimization of
building energy and water consumption performance over time. This measurement and
verification (M&V) plan provides a framework for accomplishing this accountability and
optimization effort called for by the LEED credit.
1.2
Measurement & Verification
The M&V plan presented here provides a systematic procedure for determining the functional
performance and energy consumption of the buildings HVAC systems. The International
Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol (IPMVP) Volume III: Concepts and Options
for Determining Energy Savings in New Construction, April, 2003, provides the framework for
this plan. IPMVP Option D, Calibrated Simulation, has been selected as the method of M&V for
this project. This entails the use of an energy simulation model to determine end-use load
shapes and annual building energy consumption. Method 2 of Option D is used as required by
USGBC. This method compares the calibrated baseline model to actual consumption rather
than comparing it to the calibrated design model.
Though not specifically required by Option D, Method 2, we will also compare the original
design model to the calibrated design model. Rather than showing the savings for the building,
this comparison provides insight into the operation of the building.
Selected points will be monitored through the building automation system (BAS). If any points
cannot be monitored using the BAS, independent data logging equipment will be used to
capture the necessary data. The monitored data will be analyzed to determine the performance
and operating characteristics of various building HVAC system components, and the results
incorporated into the calibrated energy simulation to determine their impact on energy
consumption.
The following building systems will be investigated and analyzed during the M&V process:
HVAC components.
HVAC system: interaction of cooling, heating, and comfort delivery systems.
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Building Automation System (BAS): control hardware and software, sequence of operations,
integration of factory controls with BAS.
Lighting system components.
The implementation of option D as outlined in the IPMVP will entail the following items:
Outline the method for determining energy savings.
Determine and follow a site-specific plan.
Specify the variables and assumptions to be used in the calculations.
Establish quality assurance methods.
Specify reports to be provided and time frame outlined.
IPMVP Committee
2 Technical Approach
2.1
Building Energy Model Types
Regarding the technical approach used to measure and verify the energy performance of the
buildings end-uses, is useful to begin with a discussion of the various energy models and model
runs that can be compared. To this end, consider six models.
The pre models are those that were created prior to the building having been built. These
models represent the final result of a process of refining and optimizing the design of the facility
through use of the model to asses design alternatives. The post models will be created after
the building is occupied, commissioned and functioning under normal operating conditions.
These models will be calibrated based on system-level and monitored data performance
analysis results and using utility bills.
2.1.1
Pre-construction Design Case (Model DCpre)
The intent of Model DCpre is to predict the energy performance of the design building preconstruction. The building is modeled with the systems and control strategies as they are
designed, with assumptions regarding certain items such as equipment schedules, zone
temperature set points, etc., (for example, model DCpre may assume, based on the owners best
guess, that the mechanical systems would operate from 7:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.), and uses
typical weather data (TMY2)3. This is one of the two models that is submitted as part of the
initial LEED certification package to satisfy EA Credit 1 and EA Prerequisite 2.
2.1.2
Pre-construction Baseline Case (Model BCpre)
This model is created by taking model DCpre and adjusting building characteristics to comply
with the methodology outlined in LEED EA Credit 1 Optimize Energy Performance Option 1
Whole Building Energy Simulation. Essentially, model DCpre is crippled utilizing the methods
described in the Building Performance Rating Method in Appendix G of ASHRAE Standard 90.1
2004. The model uses typical weather data and assumptions similar to those defined for model
DCpre. This model is also known as the budget model, as it represents the baseline energy
budget for the facility. This is one of the two models that is submitted as part of the initial LEED
certification package to satisfy EA Credit 1 and EA Prerequisite 2.
2.1.3
Calibrated Post -construction Design Case (Model DCpost,cal)
This model is created from model DCpre. It uses actual weather data corresponding to the
calibration period, and uses monitored system performance data and utility bills to calibrate the
model. Operating schedules, equipment performance, and internal loads may all be altered to
calibrate the model. For example, model DCpre may have assumed that the mechanical systems
would operate from 7:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. but the building occupants actually operate the
systems until 7:00 p.m. This model will be constructed after at least a year of building operation.
Which is a file representing a 30-year average of weather conditions for the region.
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2.1.4
Calibrated Post-construction Baseline Case (Model BCpost,cal)
This model is created by taking model DCpost,cal, and adjusting building characteristics to comply
with the methodology outlined in LEED EA Credit 1 Optimize Energy Performance Option 1
Whole Building Energy Simulation, similar to the methodology described for the creation of
model BCpre (using model DCpre). Essentially, model DCpost,cal is crippled utilizing the methods
2004. Alternatively, this model can be created from model BCpre, applying the same
modifications to model BCpre that were applied to create model DCpost,cal. This model will be
constructed after at least a year of building operation.
2.1.5
Post -construction Design Case using TMY2 Weather (Model DCpost,typ)
This model is identical to model DCpost,cal but uses 30 year average weather data for the energy
simulation.
2.1.6
Post- construction Baseline Case using TMY2 Weather (Model BCpost,typ)
This model is identical to model BCpost,cal other than that long term average weather is used in
the simulation.
A summary of the model types are described in the following table.
Table 1 Building Energy Model Types
Model
Weather
Building Specs
Building Operation
DCpre
30-year average
(TMY2)
as-designed
BCpre
30-year average
(TMY2)
code compliant
DCpost,cal
actual
(calibration period)
actual
(calibration period)
30-year average
(TMY2)
as-designed
predicted
(pre-construction)
predicted
(pre-construction)
actual
(post-construction)
actual
(post-construction)
actual
(post-construction)
actual
(post-construction)l
BCpost,cal
DCpost,typ
BCpost,typ
2.2
30-year average
(TMY2)
code compliant
as-designed
code compliant
Building Energy Performance Evaluation
As part of the LEED certification process, a DOE-2.2 hourly building energy simulation (model)
of the building was created following current known design specifications and operating
conditions. This represented the building pre-construction Design Case, or DCpre. The model
was then crippled back to the ASHRAE 90.1-2004 Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-
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Rise Residential Buildings defined minimally compliant standard parameters, as described in

Appendix G of the standard. This crippled model effectively represented the pre-construction
Budget Case, or BCpre. The comparison of these two models (DCpre and BCpre) is the basis for
EA Credit 1 in the initial LEED submission.
Model input values for DCpre were derived from as-built building plans, sequences of operation,
and discussions with the design team. The model was then revised to reflect a building
minimally compliant with ASHRAE 90.1 standards. The energy consumption for both the Budget
Case model (BCpre) and the Design Case model (DCpre) were calculated and compared, with the
difference in energy use referred to as the predicted energy savings or avoided energy use.
During the construction and Cx process, the M&V activities include working with the controls
contractor to ensure that the EMS will trend the necessary data. We will also coordinate with the
Cx agent and will make use of trend data collected by the Cx agent.
Once construction of the building and commissioning is completed, and the building is operating
under normal operating conditions, interval data is collected. Utility data is also collected during
this period. Performance data are collected, typically for a period of one month during the swing
season (so a greater range of ambient conditions can be captured by the data).
Typically the first detailed M&V analysis occurs one year after the building is operating under
these normal conditions. The performance data are analyzed, and once analysis is complete,
inputs to the design case energy model DCpre are revised to reflect the true operation of the
building. The energy performance of this model is then calibrated using one year of utility billing
information4 to create DCpost,cal.
Once model DCpost,cal is created and calibrated, the model is crippled utilizing the methods
2004. The resulting model is the calibrated baseline model BCpost,cal.
An M&V report is then presented to the building owner that describes the results of the
monitored data analysis, and presents the energy performance results of the energy saving
measures and building end-uses. Recommendations will also be presented to the building
owner that may potentially improve energy performance if the building is not performing as
expected. The report will be reviewed via a conference call between the M&V consultant and
the building owner and facility personnel, to provide clarification of any of the items or
observations in the report.
In addition to presenting the true energy performance of specific energy saving measures, the
report will present the energy performance of the different end-uses, using the output files from
the energy models. Energy use for the end uses will be reported in both MBtus, as well as
energy units appropriate for that end-use. The end uses will include:
Lighting
Task lighting
Miscellaneous plug loads
Space heating
The model will be calibrated to each months utility bill, within 10% of actual energy use. For the
purposes of the calibration run, actual weather data for this time period will be used, rather than the TMY
weather file, which is a 30-year average of weather conditions for the region.
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Space cooling
Heat rejection
Pumps
Ventilation fans
Refrigeration
Domestic hot water
Exterior equipment and lighting
Boiler efficiency and chiller efficiencies versus load will also be presented.
These M&V services will be performed annually by the M&V consultant, to ensure ongoing
accountability of the buildings energy performance.
2.3
Determination of Energy Savings
We have defined six simulation models. In addition to the output of these models, we have
access to the actual energy use of the facility. Let us consider what can be gained from
comparing the output of the various models and the actual data. Equally importantly, let us
consider what certain comparisons do not show.
Actual Bills - BCpost,cal = Energy Savings of the Building
This is the comparison that is defined in IPMVP Option D, method 2. Specifically, method 2
states that savings are obtained from subtracting the metered post-construction energy use
from the energy use of the calibrated Baseline model. This method is accepted by USGBC and
is our proposed method of calculating savings.
Since this compares actual bills to a calibrated baseline building, it can be used as an estimate
of the savings that occurred during the calibration period. Both values use the same weather,
but the weather may not be representative of long-term average weather conditions.
The energy savings will be determined using the following equations presented in the IPMVP:
Verified Energy Savings = Budget Case Energy Use Verified Design Case Energy Use
+/- Adjustments
Where:
Budget Case Energy Use = Annual simulated energy use from Model BCpost,cal
Verified Design Case Energy Use = Annual energy use from the utility bills
Adjustments were already included in the calibration process for BCpost,cal These are
expected to involve changes to operating schedules, temperature setpoints, and other
operating characteristics.
Actual Bills Model DCpost,cal
This difference should be quite small, since the bills are used to calibrate this model. The
difference can be thought of as the error or bias in the model.
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Actual Bills - Model DCpre

This comparison shows how well the model predicted the energy use of the building.
Model DCpost,cal - Model DCpre
These two models estimate the energy use of the building using the best information available
at the time. The LEED-NC Version 2.2 Reference Guide states that one the purposes of Option
D is:
Calibration of the as-built simulation model to actual energy use reveals ECM/design or
operational underperformance.
We disagree slightly with this statement. Such a comparison reveals areas in which the actual
operating characteristics of the facility differ from the assumptions modeled in the original asbuilt model. The intent of Model DCpre is to predict the energy use of the building. However, any
such model includes many assumptions about how the building will operate. Differences
between the original and calibrated models may be due to:
1) Errors in the original model that are discovered during the calibration process,
2) Changes in the design between design and as-built,
3) Equipment operating at sub-design efficiency
4) Controls sequences of operations differing from those modeled, or
5) They may be largely due to how the building is operated (such as the actual hours of
operation) that are outside the control of the modeler.
It is important to point out that changes in how the building is used by the owner, while they may
have a large impact on the energy usage of the building, have a much smaller impact on the
energy savings of the building.
BCpost,cal - DCpost,cal
This is the comparison that is defined in IPMVP Option D, Method 1. Specifically, Method 1
states that savings are obtained from subtracting the energy use of the calibrated as-built
model from the energy use of the calibrated Baseline model. This method is not currently
accepted by USGBC.
This is an estimate of the energy savings of the building as compared to a code compliant
building, operating with the specific weather for the calibration period, and with the actual
operating characteristics of the occupied building. It can be used as an estimate of the savings.
However, the comparison has at least one major bias. Both values use the same weather, but
the weather may not be representative of long-term average weather conditions.
BCpost,typ - DCpost,typ
This the energy savings of the building as compared to a code compliant building, operating
with typical weather, and with the actual operating characteristics of the occupied building. If you
could only do one M&V report ever, then this option would be the most accurate and unbiased
estimate of the long term savings of the actual building, as operating, compared to a code
baseline building.
IPMVP Committee
2.4
Weather Data
Two forms of weather data are required for this analysis: typical and actual. Data that is typical
of long term average weather conditions was used in the original energy models used to predict
the energy savings of the building. Specifically, the appropriate typical meteorological year
(TMY) weather data set for Anycity, Tennessee was used. TMY data is not appropriate for
calibration of the model after construction. Instead, the calibrated models will be simulated using
the actual weather data for the calibration period. This weather data is collected from NOAAs
National Climactic Data Center. The data must be manipulated to conform to the format
required by DOE2.2.
Information on obtaining actual weather data (as opposed to typical data) can be found here:
http://www.eere.energy.gov/buildings/energyplus/cfm/weatherdata/weather_request.cfm
Information on appropriate typical meteorological year weather data can be found here:
http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/pubs/tmy2/
2.5
Short-term Monitoring and Analysis
Short-term monitoring will be performed on a variety of system components using the BAS or
independent data logging equipment for points that cannot be monitored by the BAS. These
monitored points will help to assess the actual operation of the buildings general components
and specific system components. The data are then used as part of the calibration process of
the simulation model, leading to DCpost,cal.
For cases in which the BAS cannot be used for system monitoring, data logging will be
performed using portable data logging equipment. The data collected using any remote data
logging equipment will be compiled with the data collected via the BAS, and all data analyzed
using a suite of analysis tools. The Onset EnergyProTM logger will be used for all remote data
logging. The data logger equipment specifications have been included in the appendix.
Power will be measured for most major pieces of equipment, as previously described. For some
equipment status will be monitored and combined with spot measurements of equipment power
to calculate associated load shapes. For lighting fixtures, current for whole lighting panels or
individual lighting circuits will be monitored and combined with spot measurements of equipment
power to calculate associated lighting load shapes.
The points monitored will depend on the applicable energy saving measures or building enduses to be measured and verified. The end-uses to be measured in addition to the energy
saving measures may include:
Lighting systems and controls
Constant and variable load motors
Variable frequency drive operation
Chiller efficiency at variable loads
Cooling load
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Air and water economizer and heat recovery cycles
Air distribution static pressures and ventilation air volumes
Boiler efficiencies
Building-related process energy systems and equipment
Indoor water risers and outdoor irrigation systems
2.6
Visual Inspections
Visual inspections of lighting fixtures and controls, as well as HVAC equipment characteristics
and controls will be performed. These observations will be incorporated into the DOE-2 model
as necessary, to verify predicted energy performance.
2.7
Training and Ongoing Accountability
Although the M&V Consultant will only perform detailed M&V services once a year, facility
personnel will be trained, and materials developed, that will allow facility personnel to
periodically check on the buildings energy and water performance throughout the year, albeit
with less rigor than the full annual M&V efforts. These materials will be based on observations
made during the initial M&V effort, and will involve detailed instructions for the facility personnel
to check trend data, or perform targeted functional performance tests, to identify any changes in
the energy or water performance of the building, that may warrant immediate attention.
IPMVP Committee
3 Building System Description

3.1
General Building Overview
The project involves construction of a new classroom building. The building has four above
ground floors plus a basement. The basement houses mechanical equipment. The first through
fourth floors house primarily offices, lounges and classrooms. Floors 2 through 4 are
rectangular. The first floor has the same rectangular footprint with additional wings on both sides
for two large lecture halls.
3.2
Chilled Water System
Chilled water will be provided by a 225-ton water cooled screw chiller (CH-1), located in the
basement. The cooling tower will be located on a pad on the ground above. The design calls for
chilled water temperature reset based on CHW valve position. Chilled water coils at the air
handlers will be equipped with 2-way valves, making the loop variable flow. The loop will be a
variable speed primary loop driven by a pair of 10 HP pumps equipped with VFDs.
3.3
Hot Water System
The proposed facility will be heated by a pair of gas-fired condensing hot water boilers. The hot
water coils at the AHUs and at the VAV reheat boxes are equipped with 2-way control valves.
Heating hot water will be circulated in the building in a primary/secondary arrangement. The
primary loop will be constant speed. The proposed primary hot water pumps are 3 HP. The
secondary loops are variable speed equipped with VFDs and are 15HP.
3.4
Air Distribution System
The plans show a total of 3 major air handlers. All of these units will be equipped with chilled
water coils and with glycol preheat coils a well as outside air economizers. The chilled water
coils are to be equipped with 2-way control valves.
Unit
Serves
SF HP
SF CFM
RF HP
AHU - 1
Levels 1, 2, 3, 4
2 x 50
70,500
25
AHU - 2
Lecture 1
10
8,800
N/A
AHU 3
Lecture 2
5,500
N/A
AHU-1 will serve most of the building. It will be a variable air volume system that distributes air
to VAV boxes with hot water reheat coils. Supply air will be pressurized by a pair of 50 HP
plenum fans. In addition to the chilled water and glycol coils, it will be equipped with a direct
evaporative cooling section with a saturation efficiency of 89%. Use of this section should
reduce hours when the chiller is required. Return air will be ducted and drawn back by a 25 HP
VFD-controlled return fan. CO2 monitoring will be used to control the minimum outside air
volume.
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AHU-2 and AHU-3 will each serve large lecture halls. These will be single zone units and have
CO2 monitoring to control the minimum outside air volume. These units will be equipped with
VFDs but serve constant volume networks; there will be no VAV boxes or automatic dampers
that will reduce the airflow to the spaces.
3.5
Building Management System
A Johnson Controls Metasys energy management system will control all mechanical equipment
and also lighting circuits.
3.6
Lighting
Lighting will primarily be provided by hardwired compact fluorescent lamps, T5 lamps, and by
premium T8 lamps with low ballast factor electronic ballasts. The fixture schedule specifically
state that the electronic ballasts for the T8 lamps have BF of 0.8, thus complying with the
program definition.
IPMVP Committee
4 Verification and Monitoring Plan

4.1
Performance Verification
In addition to the measures that exceed the ASHRAE 90.1 Standard, general system
characteristics and performance will be verified as part of the M&V process. This section
describes the specific building system components and control strategies that will be assessed
and analyzed to characterize their performance and operation. The components selected are
those that may affect overall building energy consumption, and include the measures that
exceed the ASHRAE 90.1 Standard. These components to be verified as part of the M&V
process are listed in Table 2.
Components that will not affect energy consumption differences in the Budget and Design
Cases directly are classified as energy neutral. These include:
-
Building occupancy density;
Outdoor shading;
Electrical power density (plug loads);
Infiltration;
Occupancy and plug load schedules;
Zone temperature setpoint schedules.
Although these factors are essentially energy neutral, that is to say, they are the same in both
the Budget and Design Cases, they can affect buildings loads, which may in turn affect the
predicted savings associated with the measures that exceed the ASHRAE 90.1 Standard.
Therefore, any large changes to these types of building characteristics will be documented and
implemented into both the Budget and Design Case models to recalculate savings as
necessary.
4.2
Monitoring Plan
The following table outlines the monitoring points to be used to accomplish the verification tasks
outlined in Section 4. Each major piece of equipment has been designated whether or not it has
points to be monitored. The BAS will be used to monitor most of the selected points. Points that
cannot be trended using the BAS will be monitored using independent data loggers. All data
(trended and logged) will be collected at the same sampling rate, and during the same sampling
period, to allow for easy comparison of data streams and subsequent analysis of equipment
performance and operation. Specifications for the data logging equipment, and the BAS control
points, are included in the appendix.
Note that for constant-speed motors, spot measurements of power will be combined with
monitored motor status, to calculate electric consumption. Similarly, for motors equipped with
VFDs, spot measurements of power will be taken at a number of various motor speeds. VFD
speed will be monitored and combined with the spot measurements to calculate electric
consumption.
IPMVP Committee
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Table 2 Verification Components and Monitoring Points List

#
System
Measure / Verification Component
Boilers
Hot water reset based on outside air

temperatures. System enabled based
on outside air temperatures.
Verify Measure / Condition

- boiler efficiency (920%) through combustion efficiency test
Monitoring Points
- boiler enable
- heating plant enabled when outside air temperature drops

below 60F, and enable when temperature rises above 65F
- second boiler enabled when heating water supply
temperature is 5F (adjustable) below set point; second
boiler disabled when heating water load is less than 90% of
the output capacity of one boiler
- hot water temperature set point reset from 140F to 120F
based on outside air temperatures from 40F to 60F.
Hot Water Loop
Variable-flow loop; hot water pumps

equipped with VFDs.
- variable-flow operation, to maintain pressure differential set

point between supply and return heating water piping mains
- interlocked with boiler operation; two minute delay on boiler
disable
- VFD speed
- pump status
- differential pressure between supply and return

- water flow rate
- heating water supply and return temperatures
Chillers
Chilled Water
Loop
Equipped with VFDs. Reset chilled

water supply temperature to maintain
air handler discharge air temperature.
Variable-flow loop; chilled water

pumps equipped with VFDs.
- chiller efficiency (NPLV = 0.50)
- chiller power
- chiller VFD operation
- chiller efficiency (calculated point)
- chilled water supply temperature reset from 48F to maintain

air handler discharge air temperature
- variable-flow operation to maintain discharge air temperature
at main air handling unit (increased pump speed as
discharge air temperature drops)
- pumps interlocked with chiller operation
- if both pumps operating, operate at same speed
5
6
Cooling Tower
Equipped with VFDs. Serves tenant

condenser water system as well as
chiller plant. Reset condenser water
supply temperature based on outside
air wet-bulb temperature and chiller
operation.
- cooling tower fan VFD operation, modulate to maintain

condenser water supply temperature
- cooling towers interlocked with chiller operation and tenant
condenser water system
- condenser water set point control: 1) If one or both chillers
are running, then setpoint shall be 7F (adjustable) above
outside air wet bulb temperature (i.e. 7F approach). The
setpoint shall not be set lower than the minimum condenser
entering water temperature recommended by the chiller
manufacturer. 2) If neither chiller is running, then setpoint
shall be 85F (adjustable) to satisfy the heat pumps on the
To be combined with spot measurements of power.

NPLV = Non-standard part load value
IPMVP Committee
- VFD speed
- pump status
- water flow rate

- chilled water supply and return temperatures
- VFD speed

#
System
Condenser Water
Loop
Constant speed.
Tenant
Condenser Water
Loop
Constant-flow primary, variable-flow

secondary loops. Secondary loop
pumps equipped with VFDs. Utilizes
two plate-and-frame heat exchangers.

tenant condenser water system.
- pumps interlocked with cooling tower operation
Monitoring Points
- VFD speed
- pump status
- condenser water supply and return temperatures

7
- secondary loop variable-flow operation, to maintain pressure

differential set point between supply and return piping mains
- pumps interlocked with cooling tower operation and watercooled tenant AC units
- secondary loop pump VFD speed
- primary and secondary loop pump status
- secondary loop water flow rate
- heat exchange temperatures
- secondary loop differential pressure between supply

and return
- loop temperatures maintained between 60F and 90F
- condenser water supply and return temperatures

- heat exchanger entering and exiting water
temperatures
- condenser water system load (calculated point)
Air Handling Unit
VAV; discharge air temperature reset

to satisfy worst-case cooling zone.
Airside economizers. Supply and
return fans equipped with VFDs.
Office areas served by under-floor air
distribution, with static pressure set
point reset.
- supply fan VAV operation, to maintain duct static pressure

set point of 0.5 wc
- discharge air temperature
- return fan VFD operation, modulate to maintain airflow at

90% supply airflow, less a constant value to maintain space
at slight positive pressure relative to ambient. Initially set
constant equal to the sum of the flow rates for exhaust. Both
fans operate at same speed
- return air temperature
- discharge air temperature reset as high as possible to satisfy

worst-case cooling zone
- minimum and main outside air damper positions
- minimum outside air fraction maintained; demand controlled

ventilation performed in assembly area
- duct static pressure
- mixed air temperature

- mixed air damper position
- return air damper position
- exhaust air damper position
- supply and return fan VFD speed
- economizer operates when outside air temperature lower

than return air temperature
- total supply airflow
- optimized start; morning warm up operation (outside air

dampers closed, return dampers open, heating coil on, as
long as return air temperature below 70F)
- entering outside airflow
- raised floor plenum static pressure set point of 0.05 wc;

reset based on zone temperatures
47
- total return airflow

- chilled water valve position
- hot water valve position
- cooling coil entering and leaving temperatures
- heating coil entering and leaving temperatures
- raised floor plenum static pressure
Zones
Zones have occupied and unoccupied

set points. CO2 levels monitored and
maintained.
- occupied temperature set points of 76F for cooling and 70F

for heating; and unoccupied heating set point will also be
used (user defined)
- CO2 levels not above 800 ppm
- zone temperature set points

- zone terminal heating coil valve position
- zone CO2 levels
To be combined with spot measurements of power.
- zone temperatures
IPMVP Committee

#
System
10
HVAC
Operates according to occupancy

schedule. Utilizes optimum start / stop.
- equipment only operates during occupancy schedule
12
Miscellaneous
Exhaust Fans
Exhaust fans serving toilet, electrical,

and mechanical spaces.
- toilet exhaust only operates when central air handling unit

operates
Monitoring Points
- optimum start / stop operation
- electrical room exhaust operates continuously

- main electrical and all mechanical room exhaust operate to
maintain zone temperature set points
13
Lighting
Lighting in restrooms controlled via

occupancy sensors
14
Ambient / Building
Lighting in restrooms controlled via

occupancy sensors
- lighting fixture and ballast type installed

- lighting in restrooms controlled by occupancy sensors
- outside dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures
IPMVP Committee
5 Quality Assurance
Quality assurance activities will include BAS sensors will be calibrated as part of the Cx effort.
Model DCpost,cal will be calibrated within 10% of each months actual utility bill.
6 Schedule
Trends will be programmed during the commissioning phase. Short term loggers will be installed
after Cx is largely complete and during a swing period. Data will be collected for a period of
four weeks. Visual inspection of all proposed equipment and controls upgrades will also be
performed during this period, as well as combustion analysis tests performed for the boiler.
Results developed by analyzing the collected monitored data and calculating the verified energy
savings will be presented in a summary report. The report will detail the information described in
the Technical Approach section (section 2). Once the report is reviewed by the building owner
and facility personnel, a conference call will be scheduled to discuss the findings and potentially
discuss recommendations to improve the buildings energy performance.
The M&V Consultant will direct and coordinate all M&V tasks outlined within this plan on an
annual basis, including:
Assist the building facility personnel and commissioning agents to set up the required
trends outlined in Table 2 including sampling interval, trending time period, and trend
duration.
Coordinate inspections of the completed installation of components outlined Table 2,

with the commissioning agents and take spot measurements of power, temperature,
or flow on selected equipment as necessary. A subcontractor will be hired to perform
the necessary combustion efficiency testing of the new boiler.
Analyze the collected trend data to assess and verify the performance of the
components outlined in Table 2.
Determine calibration adjustments based on the results of the monitored data

analysis and implement these adjustments into the Budget and Design Case models
(used to create BCpost,cal - DCpost,cal) as appropriate. Any adjustments will be approved
by the building owner.
Revise and calibrate the Design Case model (DCpost,cal) as necessary based on utility
billing information as well as the results of the system inspections and trended data
analysis to reflect actual building operation.
Calculate the various energy savings and model comparisons using the six different
model types and the utility billing information, as described in Sections 2 and 3 of this
plan..
Develop a report that presents the results of the investigation, data analysis, and
verified energy performance of the buildings (presenting a subset of the calculated
energy saving comparisons developed as part of the previous task). The report will
also provide insight into methods to improve energy performance of the building
systems.
IPMVP Committee
Develop materials and train facility personnel to perform periodic inspection (most likely
quarterly) of the buildings energy performance.
7 Reporting
The M&V report will include the following: graphs of selected metered end uses, historical utility
data, results of the simulation models, charts showing the calibration of the models.
At the heart of the report is a comparison of the energy use of each of the end uses. An
example of such a table is shown below:
End-use
Chiller Energy Use
(kWh/yr)
Peak Cooling Load (tons)
Peak CHW Pump
Demand (kW)
Occupied schedule
Original Model
Calibrated Model
125,000
130,000
225 tons
215 tons
Reason for Change

Longer hours of
operation
12
24
2 pumps are
required at peak,
original model
assumed 1 pump
7:00 17:00 M-F
7:00 18:00 M-F

plus
8:00 12:00 Sat
Owners prerogative
In addition, we will report the total savings which, as shown earlier, is equal to:
Savings = Actual Bills - BCpost,cal
IPMVP Committee
Appendix: Monitoring Equipment Specifications and BAS

Control Points
Appendix
IPMVP Committee

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Sample IPMVP-Compliant LEED Measurement and Verification Plan

Sample IPMVP-Compliant LEED

Executive Summary ..................................................................................................iv

General Introduction ................................................................................................. 1

Technical Approach .................................................................................................. 3

Building Energy Model Types .............................................................................. 3

General Building Overview ................................................................................ 10

Verification and Monitoring Plan ............................................................................. 12

Building Energy Performance Evaluation ............................................................ 4

Building System Description ................................................................................... 10

Pre-construction Design Case (Model DCpre) ............................................................. 3

Performance Verification ................................................................................... 12

Efficiency Valuation Organization

Sample IPMVP-Compliant LEED Measurement and Verification Plan

Efficiency Valuation Organization

Sample IPMVP-Compliant LEED Measurement and Verification Plan

Efficiency Valuation Organization

Sample IPMVP-Compliant LEED Measurement and Verification Plan

HVAC system: interaction of cooling, heating, and comfort delivery systems.

Lighting system components.

Lighting systems and controls

Constant and variable load motors

Variable frequency drive operation

Chiller efficiency at variable loads

Air and water economizer and heat recovery cycles

Air distribution static pressures and ventilation air volumes

Building-related process energy systems and equipment

Efficiency Valuation Organization

Sample IPMVP-Compliant LEED Measurement and Verification Plan

Hot Water Loop Pump

Chilled Water Loop Pump

Condenser Water Loop Pump

Selection of lighting circuits

Air Handling Unit supply fans (1, 4, 8)

3 Selected zone temperatures

AHU economizer operation (1, 4, 8)

Efficiency Valuation Organization

Sample IPMVP-Compliant LEED Measurement and Verification Plan

Efficiency Valuation Organization

Sample IPMVP-Compliant LEED Measurement and Verification Plan

Measurement & Verification

HVAC system: interaction of cooling, heating, and comfort delivery systems.

Efficiency Valuation Organization

Sample IPMVP-Compliant LEED Measurement and Verification Plan

Lighting system components.

Outline the method for determining energy savings.

Determine and follow a site-specific plan.

Specify the variables and assumptions to be used in the calculations.

Establish quality assurance methods.

Specify reports to be provided and time frame outlined.

Efficiency Valuation Organization

Sample IPMVP-Compliant LEED Measurement and Verification Plan

Building Energy Model Types

Pre-construction Design Case (Model DCpre)

Pre-construction Baseline Case (Model BCpre)

Calibrated Post -construction Design Case (Model DCpost,cal)

Efficiency Valuation Organization