Wireless Sensor Networks: Lecture 1: Introduction
Wireless Sensor Networks: Lecture 1: Introduction
Wireless Sensor Networks: Lecture 1: Introduction
Lecture 1: Introduction
Prof. Matt Welsh
Harvard University
January 29, 2009
MicaZ (Crossbow)
WeC (Berkeley)
2009 Matt Welsh Harvard University
iMote2 (Intel)
Rene (Berkeley)
Limited CPU
Limited memory
Low-power radio
802.11a
802.11b
802.11g
11 Mbps
54 Mbps
Bluetooth
720 kbps
802.15.4
Zigbee
CC1000
250 kbps
38.4 kbps
Data rate
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Type
Data rate
Transmit pwr
Range (approx)
Cost
802.11b
11 Mbps
100 mW
100' 300'
~$100
802.11g
54 Mbps
100 mW
< 802.11b
~$100
802.11a
54 Mbps
100 mW
80'
~$100
Bluetooth
720 kbps
1 mW / 30 mW
30' / 300'
~$5
802.15.4
250 kbps
1 mW
30 225'
~$5
Power Consumption
Type
Current (receive)
Current (transmit)
802.11b
170-350 mA
285-490 mA
Bluetooth
35 300mA active
35 300 mA active
802.15.4
19.7 mA
17.4 mA
WINS
(UCLA/ROckwell)
Intel
rene
LWIM-III
(UCLA)
SmartDust
WeC
Intel/UCB
dot
Rene
BTNode
Intel
cf-mica
Eyes
trio
Mica
XBOW
rene2
Intel
MOTE2
Intel
iMOTE
Telos
XBOW
mica
XBOW
cc-dot
Bosch
cc-mica
XBOW
mica2
XBOW
micaZ
digital sun
rain-mica
Dust Inc
blue cc-TI
97 98
99
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
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Environmental Monitoring
UCLA, UC Berkeley, many others
Gunshot Detection
PinPtr, Vanderbilt
Radio modem
Konrad
Four-channel
sensor node
GPS receiver
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Glacier Monitoring
Glacsweb, Univ. Southampton
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12
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Feature extraction
SHIMMER in armband
Classification
(e.g., UPDRS scores)
2009 Matt Welsh Harvard University
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Urban-Scale Monitoring
CitySense, Harvard
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The Macroscope
Some have referred to this concept as a macroscope -a scientific instrument that observes entire systems.
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Intelligent Instrumentation
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Nodes in a WSN don't exist in isolation. They must coordinate their behavior.
Localization how do you know where nodes are? Use RF signals? Ultrasound?
Time synchronization how do nodes agree on a global clock?
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Prerequisites:
Introduce you to programming sensor networks using the Pixie OS and NesC language
Run on the Harvard MoteLab sensor network testbed
Research project
You pick the topic, write a proposal, do the project, give presentation, write final report
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You are allowed to miss two classes of paper reviews over the term
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Course Blog
http://harvard-cs263.blogspot.com
Each class, one person will blog the discussion and post it later that day
You are welcome to post comments, thoughts, musings, etc. as comments
Or, you can blog anything else you want (related to the course material).
This blog is public so be technically accurate and respectful!
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Programming Assignment
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Research Project
Ideal project is one that fits in with your own thesis topic in some way
Focus of project need not be on systems and networks
e.g., theory, AI, languages, hardware design, etc. are all valid
As long as it ties into the course topic in some way
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Project Requirements
Project Proposal
Short (4 pages max) on what you propose to do, why the project is interesting, and how
you plan to get started
Should include rough schedule of project milestones
Short project update due midway through semester short email on where you are and
how you plan to finish up your project
Research papers
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Project Ideas
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http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/~mdw/course/cs263/
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Syllabus
http://www.eecs.harvard.edu/~mdw/course/cs263
Primarily research papers from the last few years of key conferences
in the area: SenSys and IPSN in particular.
Most papers about 14 pages in length.
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Other Policies
No laptops!
Preference given to grad students in CS, then grad students in other disciplines, then
undergrads in CS, then undergrads in other disciplines.
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Grading
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Next lecture
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