An Overview of The IEEE Color Books
An Overview of The IEEE Color Books
An Overview of The IEEE Color Books
H.Landis Floyd 11
S. Mark Halph
Lynn F. Saunders3
Fellow, IEEE
DuPont Co.
101 Beech Street
Wilmington, Delaware 19880
USA
Member, IEEE
Mississippi State University
Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762
USA
Fellow, IEEE
General Motors Corp.
485 West Milwaukee
Detroit, Michigan 48202
USA
I. INTRODUCTION
The IEEE Color Book standards series include 13
books with each one focusing on different aspects of
electric power. The Working Groups responsible for the
development and revision of the Color Book standards are
sponsored by the technical committees of the IAS
Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Department. The
objective of this document is to provide a summary for
each of the books to understand what is entailed in each
book. The summary will give a general overview of the
purpose of each book and some of the actual topics
contained in the chapters of each book. The different
sections of this document represent the different books by
their IEEE Standard number and their IEEE Book Color with
the summary following.
3226
(IEEE GREENBOOK)
The grounding of electrical systems is vital to the
efficient and effective operation of industrial and
commercial power systems.
That is why electrical
engineers charged with planning or modifying electrical
distribution systems need the most current, reliable
information on grounding today. This information can be
found in the IEEE Green Book. The Green Book is todays
essential source for providing up-to-date recommended
practices and information used throughout industry for the
grounding of industrial and commercial power systems.
The IEEE Green Book reviews practices and methods
of system grounding in detail. A thorough investigation of
grounding problems and methods for solving these
problems are presented. This provides electrical engineers
worldwide with the basis for applying fundamental
principles to specific work situations and applications.
The IEEE Green Book addresses many different
aspccts of grounding. The problems of system grounding,
which include connection to ground of neutral, of the
corner of the delta, or of the midtap of one phase, are
covered. The advantages and disadvantages of grounded
versus ungrounded systems are discussed. Information is
given on how to ground the system, where the system
should be grounded, and how to select equipment for the
grounding of neutral circuits. Connecting the frames and
enclosurcs of electrical equipment to the ground system is
addressed.
The fundamentals of making the
interconnection between the electrical equipment and
ground rods, water pipes, etc. are outlined. Even problems
relating to static electricity and lightning are covered in the
lEEE Green Book, along with a chapter concerning
sensitive electronic equipment. No other publication
contains so much useful, authoritative information on
grounding as IEEEs Green Book.
3227
OEEE BROWNBOOK)
Todays intensely competitive business environment
forces plant and building management to be very aware of
the total owning cost of the power distribution systems.
Further, they demand assurance of maximum return on
capital investments in the power system. Power system
studies are used to assure that this maximum return is
achieved, and the IEEE Brown Book is a valuable source of
information about the purpose for and techniques involved
in power system studies.
The IEEE Brown Book ties together the essential
fundamentals of power system studies, the most common
studies for design or operation of a power system, and the
basic computational methods with key information on the
various types of computer systems and their requirements.
Combined witb the engineers experience in power system
engineering, computers can help perform detailed studies
on both existing and proposed power systems which is
why computer studies are a focus in the IEEE Brown Book.
This book will help ensure high standards of power system
reliability and maximize the utilization of capital investment.
It is to be used in conjunction with the other IEEE Color
Books.
The planning, design, and operation of industrial and
commercial power systems require several studies to assist
in the evaluation of the initial and future system
performance, system reliability, safety, and the ability to
grow with production and/or operating requirements. The
power system analyses discussed in the IEEE Brown Book
can help answer many questions about an existing system,
such as the impact of expansion, the stability of the system,
the load distribution of the system, etc. Chapters are
devoted to different types of studies and indicate what is
nceded and how to prepare for the different studies. Some
of the studies discussed are load flow studies, short-circuit
studies, stability studies, motor-starting studies, harmonic
analysis studies, switching transient studies, reliability
studies, cable ampacity studies, ground mat studies,
coordination studies, and DC auxiliary power system
analysis. Therefore, the IEEE Brown Book is an excellent
sourcebook for power system analyses.
COMMERCIAL
POWERSYSTEMS
(IEEE GOLD BOOK)
The design of reliable industrial and commercial power
distribution systems is important because of the high cost
associated with power outages and their significant impact
on society. It is necessary to consider the cost of power
outages when making decisions for new power distribution
systems as well as to have the ability to make quantitative
cost-versus-reliability trade-off studies. The IEEE Gold
Book aims to provide credible data concerning equipment
reliability and the cost of power outages so that these
trade-off studies can be conducted.
The purpose of the IEEE Gold Book is to provide
sufficient information so that reliability analysis can be
performed on power systems without requiring cross
references to other texts. Information included in the book
is the result of extensive surveys of reliability of electrical
equipment in industrial plants and also the costs of power
outages for both industrial plants and commercial
buildings.
The reliability survey provides historical
experience to those who have not been able to collect their
own data.
The IEEE Gold Book contains many reliability aspects.
The basic concepts of reliability analysis by probability
methods, fundamentals of power system reliability
evaluation, the economic evaluation of reliability, and cost
of power outage data are included in the book. Reliability
3228
P E E BRONZEBOOK)
In todays society, energy management is a key issue
for commercial and industrial facilities. The IEEE Bronze
Book serves as an engineering guide for use in electrical
design for energy conservation. In this book, electrical
options are evaluated from an energy standpoint.
The IEEE Bronze Book provides a recommended
practice for electrical energy management in industrial and
commercial facilities. The intent of the practice is to
establish engineering techniques and procedures to allow
efficiency optimization in the design and operation of an
electrical system considering all aspects involved. By
considering all aspects, some things needing to be
addressed are safety, costs, environment, and management
needs.
By stressing energy management, the IEEE Bronze
Book embodies engineering, design, applications,
utilization, and to some extent the operation and
maintenance of electric power systems to provide for the
optimal use of electrical energy. The book focuses on all
these aspects. One chapter covers the combined efficient
use of electrical and thermal energy in a highly efficient and
cost-effective manner. Another chapter emphasizes that a
reduction of energy in one area can have a negative cffect
on energy needs in another area, which focuses on load
management. Other topics covered are the effects of fuel
cost on electric energy cost, cogeneration and its energy
saving potential, and new and existing electrical systems,
such as lighting. Thus, the IEEE Bronze Book mainly
provides information for the conservation of energy.
(IEEE YELLOWBOOK)
The importance of safety, reliability, maintenance, and
operation of electric power systems cannot be stressed
enough. Guidelines must be established to ensure that safe
procedures are followed for routine maintenance and
everyday operation of power systems. The IEEE Yellow
Book sets forth some recommended practices to provide
these guidelines.
The IEEE Yellow Book provides plant engineers with a
reference source for the fundamentals of safe and reliable
maintenance and operation of industrial and commercial
power systems, regardless of system size or complexity.
The most effective utilization of the information contained
in this guide would be its inclusion in a long-term
maintenance and operation strategy that is tailored to the
individual needs of each power system. This strategy
would ensure long-term reliability and would need to
include a procedure for auditing the performance.
3229
MI. IEEE
X N . IEEE STANDARDS
PROJECTPS51: IEEE
RECOMMENDED PRACTJCE FOR SHORT CIRCUrT
CALCULATIONS IN INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL
POWERSYSTEMS
(IEEE VIOLET BOOK)
Short circuit analyses are essential studies in electric
power systems. The focus of the IEEE Violet Book is to
provide the understanding and application of analytical
techniques of short circuit analysis in industrial and
commercial power systems.
However, the same
engineering principles apply to all electrical power systems,
including utilities and systems other than 60 hertz.
The IEEE Violet Book covers in more detail the basics
and understanding of short circuit currents than they are
discussed in the other texts of the IEEE Color Book series.
Some of the different items covered in this book include
chapters on the contributions to the short circuit current of
re-generative SCR drives and capacitors to faults. The
reference chapter in this hook is quite extensive and should
be very useful for any type of power system analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
3230
Appendix
For information on how you can become part of one or more of these Working Groups, contact the Working Group Chair. The
professional networking relationships developed through participation provide you immediate access to the most up-to-date,
extensive data on implementing power systems in commercial and industrial environments.
Green Book IEEE Std 142-1991
Red Book IEEE Std 141-1993
Recommended Practice for Grounding of Industrial and
Recommended Practice for Electric Power Distribution
Commercial Power Systems
for Industrial Plants
Chair: Lynn F. Saunders
Chair: William Moylen
GM Worldwide Facilities
Moylen Engineering
Tel: 313-974-9919 Fax: 313-974-8785
Tel: 313-582-9880 Fax: 313-582-9884
[email protected]
[email protected]
Gray Book IEEE Std 241-1990 (Reaff. 1997)
Recommended Practice for Electric Power Systems in
Commercial Buildings
Chair: R. Gerald lrvine
MTA Bridges and Tunnels
Telephone: + I -2 12-360-3085 Fax: Cl-2 12-360-2935
r.g. [email protected]
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