AER Directive 066

Directive 066
Directive 066: Requirements

and Procedures for Pipelines
March 9, 2011
Effective June 17, 2013, the Energy Resources Conservation Board
(ERCB) has been succeeded by the Alberta Energy Regulator (AER).
As part of this succession, the title pages of all existing ERCB directives
now carry the new AER logo. However, no other changes have been
made to the directives, and they continue to have references to the
ERCB. As new editions of the directives are issued, these references
will be changed.
Some phone numbers in the directives may no longer be valid. Contact
AER Inquiries at 1-855-297-8311 or [email protected].
Directive 066
March 9, 2011
This edition includes a correction to Appendix 1 Operational Deficiencies, Section 66(f)(ix). The only
other changes are that references to EUB have been changed to ERCB, and references to Guides have
been changed to Directives.
Requirements and Procedures for Pipelines

The Energy Resources Conservation Board (ERCB/Board) has approved this directive on March 9, 2011.
<original signed by>
Dan McFadyen
Chairman
Contents
1
Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Purpose of the Directive ............................................................................................................ 3
1.2 What This Directive Contains ................................................................................................... 3
1.3 The ERCB Inspectors Conduct ................................................................................................ 3
1.4 Safety......................................................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Industry Compliance ................................................................................................................. 4
1.6 Exemptions................................................................................................................................ 4
Inspection Guide and Check Sheet.................................................................................................... 5

Pipeline Check Sheet ....................................................................................................................... 7
2.1 When to Use the Check Sheet ................................................................................................... 9
2.2 How to Complete the Check Sheet............................................................................................ 9
A Pipeline Identification......................................................................................................... 9
B Inspection Details ............................................................................................................. 10
C Inspection Results ............................................................................................................. 10
Pipeline Specifications...................................................................................................... 10
Construction...................................................................................................................... 12
Ground Disturbance .......................................................................................................... 15
Pressure Testing................................................................................................................ 16
Discontinued Pipeline ....................................................................................................... 19
Abandoned Pipeline.......................................................................................................... 19
Operations Review............................................................................................................ 19
Incident Cause................................................................................................................... 24
ERCB Directive 066: Requirements and Procedures for Pipelines (March 2011) 1
Other ................................................................................................................................. 25
Overall Inspection Result.................................................................................................. 25
D Comments ......................................................................................................................... 26
Enforcement Action ................................................................................................................ 26
2.3 Submission of Check Sheet ..................................................................................................... 26
Appendices
1
Operational Deficiencies ................................................................................................................. 27
2
ERCB Pipeline Inspectors Guide to Corrosion Failure Procedures ............................................... 41
2 ERCB Directive 066: Requirements and Procedures for Pipelines (March 2011)
Overview
1.1
Purpose of the Directive
Directive 066: Requirements and Procedures for Pipelines is

designed to ensure that ERCB Field Centre staff carry out
pipeline project inspections in a consistent manner throughout
Alberta. The directive and check sheet are also intended to
inform industry personnel about what is required to achieve a
satisfactory ERCB inspection.
The directive is primarily addressed to Field Centre inspectors.
It is also intended for use by industry as a guide to what they
can expect during a pipeline inspection.
1.2
What This Directive Contains
This directive describes the role of the ERCB Field Centre

inspectors and includes the ERCB check sheet that inspectors
complete for each pipeline project inspected, accompanied by a
step-by-step description of how to complete each part of the
form.
There are two appendices:
1) Operational Deficiencies, detailing criteria for determining
the level of noncompliance
2) The ERCB Pipeline Inspectors Guide to Corrosion Failure
Procedures
1.3
The ERCB Inspectors Conduct
The purpose of pipeline project inspections is to achieve

compliance with ERCB regulations and ensure safe and
efficient practices at all pipeline projects.
ERCB Field Centre inspectors represent the ERCB and must
display a positive attitude and fairness to all operators, which
requires job knowledge and the willingness to find out when
uncertainty occurs.
Inspectors must offer the operator the opportunity to be present
prior to and during a hands-on or active inspection that includes
opening and closing valves.
For safety reasons inspectors must contact the operator prior to
entering sour facilities.
Inspectors must comply where possible with company policies
whenever the company requires notification prior to inspection
or lease entry or if the inspection involves the use of specific
safety equipment.
Inspectors must always use a cooperative approach as the first
method attempted to achieve company compliance with ERCB
regulations. Where practical, they should have a brief
discussion with the companys senior personnel on site after the

inspection. This opportunity should be used to establish
contacts, exchange information, discuss deficiencies,
enforcement, and follow-up, and enhance relations.
Each inspector must have a copy of this inspection manual on
site when conducting an inspection.
1.4
Safety
Inspectors must refer to the ERCB Internal Guide 8: Safety

Manual prior to inspection of any facility and be sure to follow
all requirements.
They should point out any unsafe operating conditions and
practices to the operator. If necessary, the inspectors must also
advise Alberta Human Resources and Employment, Workplace
Health and Safety (formerly OH&S), and/or Alberta Municipal
Affairs, Safety Services (formerly Electrical Protection).
1.5
Industry Compliance
The ERCB believes that compliance in meeting or exceeding

regulations and standards is the responsibility of the energy
industry. The ERCB expects all industry participants to
understand its requirements and have an infrastructure in place
to ensure compliance. However, the ERCB also recognizes that
on occasion enforcement of regulations will be required to
ensure compliance.
The ERCB has implemented a three-level enforcement policy to
address the business issue of noncompliance with provincial
requirements. Directive 019: Compliance Assurance defines the
enforcement consequences when operators fail to meet
requirements and/or regulations. These consequences only
escalate to a higher severity when the operator fails to address
ERCB requirements and requests.
The criteria for determining the level of noncompliance are
given in Appendix 1: Operational Deficiencies. ERCB Field
Centre inspectors follow these criteria when completing the
Pipeline Check Sheet and determining the resulting
enforcement action.
1.6
Exemptions
Exemptions to the Pipeline Act and Regulation and CSA

standards must be approved by the ERCB.
2 Inspection Guide and Check Sheet
Pipeline Check Sheet

A. PIPELINE IDENTIFICATION
LICENSEE CODE
LICENSEE NAME
LICENSEE REPRESENTATIVE
PHONE NUMBER
LICENCE NUMBER
CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTOR
FILE/ENV NUMBER
STARTING (FROM) LOCATION
LINE NUMBERS
INSTALLATION NUMBERS
B. INSPECTION DETAILS
INSPECTION DATE
INSPECTOR NAME
FIELD CENTRE
TYPE OF INSPECTION
Construction
Test
FAILURE/HIT CAUSE CODE
INITIAL INSPECTION
SUBSTANCE
REINSPECTION
Operations
Failure/Hit
INVESTIGATION
COMPLETION DATE
C. INSPECTION RESULTS (Code: Satisfactory "X"; Low Risk Unsatisfactory "L"; High Risk Unsatisfactory "H")
PIPELINE SPECIFICATIONS
1
Substance
H2S Content
2
3
Outside Diameter
4
Wall Thickness
5
Materials Used
6
Type and Grade
7
Joint Type
8
Internal Coating
9
From and To Locations
10
From and To Facilities
11
Length of Pipeline/Route
12
Environment
13
MOP
CONSTRUCTION
14
Construction Approval
15
Construction Notice Received
16
Conditions
17
Valves/Fittings/Flanges
18
Road Crossing Pipe Specs
19
Railway Crossing Pipe Specs
20
Depth of Cover
21
Ditch Preparation
22
Joining/Inspection and Testing
23
Bored Crossings
24
Pipe Coating/Condition
25
Backfill Procedures
26
Lease Piping
27
GROUND DISTURBANCE
28
Crossing Agreements
29
Existing Pipelines Marked
30
Hand Excavation
31
Machine Within 60 cm
32
Notification Prior to Ground Disturbance
33
Notification Prior to Backfill
PRESSURE TESTING
34
Test Notice Received
35
Test Medium/Disposal
36
Test Piping
37
Test Under Operating Conditions
38
Safety Precautions
39
Pressure Test
40
Pressure Reading Between 25 and 90%
41
Test Pressure/Duration
DISCONTINUED PIPELINE
42
Physically Isolated/Disconnected
43
Left in Safe Condition
44
Corrosion Control
ABANDONED PIPELINE
45
Physically Isolated/Disconnected
46
Cleaned/Purged
47
Plugged/Capped
Safety Precautions
INCIDENT CAUSE
67
Failure/Hit
68
Spill
OTHER (Y/N)
69
Guide 58 Waste Management Requirements Met?
70
Facility Suspended?
71
Letter to Licensee Required?
72
OVERALL INSPECTION RESULT

ENFORCEMENT ACTION
OPERATIONS REVIEW
48
Operations and Maintenance Procedures
49
Emergency Procedures Manual
50
Pressure Test Data Records
51
Internal Corrosion Control
52
External Corrosion Control/Cathodic Surveys
53
Failure/Repair Records
54
Failure Notification
55
Crossing Agreements
56
Crossing Inspection Record
57
Leak Detection
58
Licence Status
59
Pipeline Crossing Signs
60
Aboveground Facility Identification
61
Compressor/Oil Pump Station Identification
62
Noise Control
63
Right-of-Way
64
Pressure Control Devices or Pressure Relief Devices
65
Surface Pipeline
66
Guide 55 Storage Requirements
Satisfactory
Records Review of Licensee Compliance?

Unsatisfactory
D. COMMENTS
Satisfactory Inspection (no action required)

Unsatisfactory Inspection
Noncompliance Level:_____________________
Consequences of Noncompliance:___________
Licensee's Signature _____________________________________________
Inspector's Signature ______________________________________________

Deadline Date ________________________________________________
Inspection Guide and Check Sheet
2.1
When to Use the Check Sheet
The ERCB inspector must complete a Pipeline Check Sheet

when conducting a construction, test, operations, or failure/hit
inspection.
The inspector must also complete a check sheet if a pipeline is
inspected due to a complaint, notification, or incident.
2.2
How to Complete the

Check Sheet
Note that the check sheet is in abbreviated format: each item on

the form may require several items to be inspected.
Record unsatisfactory item(s) in the appropriate box. Not all
items on the check sheet must be inspected during every
inspection. Mark only those items that are physically inspected.
This check sheet is used as a written record of every inspection
and for input into the ERCBs computer database. Complete a
separate check sheet for each licence and file number that is
inspected during construction inspections and for every licence
during operations or failure/hit inspections.
Leave a copy of the inspection form with the operator after each
inspection. If no operator is on site, send the inspection form to
the licensee.
Pipeline Identification
Licensee Name
Enter the complete name of the licensee.
Licensee Code
Enter the licensees code.
Licence Number
Enter the applicable licence number.
File/ENV Number
Enter the file number assigned to the licence or the ENV Event
Key number for failures/hits. (See Field Surveillance ENV
Completions internal guide.)
Line Numbers
Enter only the specific line numbers inspected.
Installation Numbers
Enter the installation numbers (from the ERCB database) of

installations inspected that are associated with the licence.
Licensee Representative
Enter the name of the licensees representative.
Phone Number
Enter the telephone number, including area code, of the

licensees representative.
Inspection Details
Inspection Date
Enter the date of inspection.
Inspector Name
Enter the name of the ERCB inspector.
Field Centre
Enter the name of the inspectors ERCB Field Centre.
Type of Inspection
Check the appropriate box(es) that indicates the type(s) of

inspection being conducted.
Failure / Hit Cause Code
Enter the applicable incident cause code.

For corrosion failures, see Appendix 2 for the necessary
procedures to follow.
Initial Inspection or
Reinspection
Check the appropriate box that indicates if the inspection is an

initial one or a reinspection.
Substance
Enter the applicable code from the licence for the substance
that the pipeline transports.
Inspection Results
All items inspected, except those in the Other category, must be marked X for satisfactory, L for
low risk unsatisfactory, or H for high risk unsatisfactory. Items under Other must be marked Y for
yes or N for no. See Directive 019 for details on consequences for low and high risk noncompliances.
See Appendix 1 for operational deficiencies.
Pipeline Specifications
1.
Substance
The substance code on the licence is that of the substance being

transported in the pipeline. See Directive 056, Unit 3, Table 3.1.
By definition, each licence is substance specific. For example,
there cannot be a saltwater line and an oil effluent line on the
same licence.
2.
H2S Content
The hydrogen sulphide (H2S) content is equal to or less than

that stated on the licence.
If any (H2S) is being transported in the gas, calculate the partial
pressure to see if the pipeline must be built to conform to sour
specification.
The partial pressure is determined by multiplying the mole
(mol) fraction of H2S in the gas phase by the maximum
operation pressure (MOP) in kilopascals (kPa). The partial
pressure of H2S in the gas phase determines if sour service
materials are required.
For gas pipelines, sour service materials are required if the

partial pressure of H2S in the gas phase exceeds 0.35 kPa.
For multiphase pipelines (oil-well effluent), sour service
materials are required if the combination of H2S in the gas
phase is in accordance with either of the following:
the system pressure is < 1400 kPa and the H2S content in
the gas phase is > 50 mol/kmol, or
the system pressure is >1400 kPa and the partial pressure of

the H2S in the gas phase is >70 kPa.
If the pipeline is transporting more than 10 moles of H2S per

kilomole of natural gas, certain other requirements must be
looked at, adhering to Interim Directive (ID) 81-3 setback
requirements. General design and material requirements are
found in CSA Standard Z662, Clauses 4 and 5; Pipeline
Regulation, Section 13; and Directive 56, Schedule 3.
3.
Outside Diameter
The outside diameter of the pipe is that stated on the licence.

The outside diameter can be found stencilled on the outside of
the pipe coating, as required by CSA Standard Z245.1.
4.
Wall Thickness
The wall thickness of the pipe is that stated on the licence.

The wall thickness can be found stencilled on the outside of the
pipe coating, as required by CSA Standard Z245.1.
Wall thickness for repairs and crossings may vary, provided
that the minimum requirements in CSA and the regulations are
met.
5.
Materials Used
Materials used are those stated on the licence (Directive 56,

Table 3.2; Pipeline Regulation, Section 2(1)).
6.
Type and Grade
The pipe type and grade are those stated on the licence
(Directive 56, Tables 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6).
Type is the standard to which the pipe was manufactured
(API, ASTM, or CSA).
Grade is the specification of the material used in the pipe.
Mill certificates certifying pipe as meeting a specified grade for
the pipe supersede stencilling on pipe.
Type and grade for repairs and crossings may vary, provided
that the minimum requirements in CSA and the regulations are
met.
7.
Joint Type
The joint type is that stated on the licence (Directive 56, Table
3.7).
8.
Internal Coating
The internal coating is as approved on the licence (Directive 56,

Table 3.8).
9.
From and To Locations
10.
From and To Facilities
The from and to locations of the pipeline being built are

those stated on the licence (Pipeline Regulation, Section 3(1)).
The facilities the pipeline is going from and to are those stated
on the licence (Directive 56, Table 3.9).
11.
Length of Pipeline/Route
The length of the pipeline and its route correspond to what is

stated on the licence (Pipeline Regulation, Section 3(1)).
The actual route of the pipeline being built corresponds to that
stated on the licence (Pipeline Regulation, Section 3(1)).
12.
Environment
The actual environmental crossing of the pipeline corresponds

to that represented by the environment code stated on the
licence (Directive 56, Table 3.11).
Confirm that all necessary approvals have been obtained from
Alberta Environment (Directive 56, Unit 3, Step 10).
13.
MOP
Specifications for valves, flanges, fittings, and pipe are

compatible with the licensed MOP (Pipeline Regulation,
Sections 9, 10 and 19(1)).
If two or more pipelines are connected, see Pipeline Regulation,
Sections 9 and 10.
Construction
14.
Construction Approval
The operator holds the necessary ERCB approval, in

accordance with the Pipeline Act, Part 4, Section 7, which
states that no person shall construct a pipeline or undertake any
operations preparatory or incidental to the construction of a
pipeline unless he is the holder of an approval. (Also see
Directive 56.)
All rights-of-way must be surveyed according to the Survey Act
and all notification requirements must be met, as described in
Directive 56, Table 1.3, Schedule 1, and Appendix 1.
An application is not required if
the pipeline is used for a utility cooperative pipeline and is

operated at a maximum pressure of 700 kPa or less;
the pipeline replacement is less than 100 metres (m) long,

the replaced pipeline is removed, and the work is carried
out within the existing right-of-way;
the total pipeline is less than 50 m long and does not

convey natural gas > 10 mol/km H2S;
a pipeline or tie-in is wholly within a single surface lease

boundary, except when
- the pipeline route is within the access road to a well site
or
- the pipeline conveys high vapour pressure (HVP) or
natural gas containing > 10 mol/km H2S.
15.
Construction Notice Received
The required 24-hour construction notice has been given to the

appropriate Field Centre prior to the start of construction of any
pipeline (Pipeline Regulation, Section 17).
16.
Conditions
The company has complied with all conditions stated on the

licence (Pipeline Act, Section 11).
17.
Valves/Fittings/Flanges
All valves, fittings, and flanges have a manufacturers rating

equal to or greater than the proposed MOP of the pipeline
(Pipeline Regulation, Section 10).
If used in sour service, the valves, fittings, and flanges must
meet the requirements set out in the respective CSA Standards
Z245.15, Z245.11, and Z245.12 respectively.
All bolt studs extend completely through the nuts on flange
installations (CSA Standard Z662, Clauses 5.2 and 5.3).
Sectionalizing valves are installed on both sides of major water
crossings and other locations appropriate for the terrain (HVP
and low vapour pressure [LVP] only) (CSA Standard Z662,
Clause 4.4.8).
Sectionalizing block valves are installed at spacings
commensurate with class locations (CSA Standard Z662, Clause
4.4.4 and Table 4.6; Pipeline Regulation, Section 10;
IL 91-8):
25 km for Class 2 Gas
15 km for Class 2 HVP or carbon dioxide (CO2)
15 km for Class 3 HVP or CO2
15 km for Class 4 HVP or CO2
Valve spacing variance should not normally exceed 25 per cent
of the applicable distances listed above.
18.
Road Crossing Pipe

Specifications
Road and highway crossing pipe specifications are at least to

minimum standards and extend to the full width of the right-ofway of the highway or road (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 4 and
Tables 4.8 and 4.9, and Clause 6.2.10; Pipeline Act, Sections
39(1,2,3,4) and 40; Pipeline Regulation, Section 16(1,2)).
A highway is a primary roadway within the meaning of the
Public Highways Development Act or a secondary road within
the meaning of the Public Highways Development Act

numbered between 900 and 999, Pipeline Act 11F (Pipeline
Regulation, Section 18(1a,1b,1c,2)).
19.
Railway Crossing Pipe

Specifications
Railway crossing pipe specifications are at least to minimum

standards (CSA Standard Z662, Clauses 4.8.3 and 6.2.10).
20.
Depth of Cover
Depth of cover meets the minimum requirements of CSA

Standard Z662, Clause 4 and Table 4.8; and Pipeline
Regulation, Sections 18 and 19.
21.
Ditch Preparation
The pipeline ditch is free of any projections or materials that

may damage the pipe or coating during lowering in or back
filling (CSA Standard Z662, Clauses 6.2.6, 13.3.4.6, and
13.1.4.4).
22.
Joining/Inspection and Testing
Methods of joining pipe are in accordance with applicable

standards and regulations (CSA Standard Z662, Clauses 6.2,
7.2, and 7.2.8 [steel], 13.1.5 [fibreglass], 12.7 [polyethylene gas
distribution], 13.3.5 [polyethylene oilfield], 7.4.2 [mechanical
interference fit joints], 4.5.2 [threaded]).
For joint codes, see Directive 56, Table 3.7.
Thermoplastic pipe joints have CSA certification (CSA
Standard B 137.4).
Inspection and testing in accordance with CSA Standard Z662,
Clauses 7.2.8, 7.2.9, 7.2.11, and 7.2.12 where applicable.
23.
Bored Crossings
Bored road, railway, and water crossings have a hole diameter

as close as practical to the outside diameter of the carrier pipe
(CSA Standard Z662, Clause 6.2.10.3).
24.
Pipe Coating/ Condition
Stockpiling, transporting, handling, and placing of the pipe are

being done in such a manner as to prevent any damage to the
pipe or the coating (CSA Standard Z662, Clauses 6.2.5 and
9.2.7).
25.
Backfill Procedures
Precautions are being taken while back filling to prevent any

damage to the pipe from rocks or frozen dirt (CSA Standard
Z662, Clause 6.2.7).
Sizing plate runs should be considered if field bends or possible
dents from backfilling procedures are suspected. Consideration
for wall thickness changes must be addressed (CSA Standard
Z662, Clauses 6.2.3 and 6.2.7.2).
If spoil pile is rocky or in frozen lumps, then rock shield
padding or shading the pipe with non-rocky or frozen material
is being used (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 6.2.7.2).
26.
Lease Piping
All on-lease piping is suitable to withstand the MOP of the

pipeline it is connected to (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 4).
The use of threaded pipe-to-pipe or pipe-to-component
connections for buried pipe is not permitted (CSA Standard
Z662, Clause 4.5.2).
Supports are designed to support the pipe without causing
excessive local stresses and without imposing excessive axial or
lateral friction forces that might prevent the desired freedom of
movement (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 4.6.4).
Supports must not be welded to the pipeline if the specified
minimum yield strength (SMYS) is greater than 50 per cent
(CSA Standard Z662, Clause 4.6.5).
A pipeline or tie-in is wholly within a single surface lease
boundary, except when
the pipeline route is within the access road to a well site, or
the pipeline conveys HVP or sour natural gas.
27.
Safety Precautions
All pipeline construction is being done in a safe and efficient

manner to ensure the safety of workers and the public (CSA
Standard Z662, Clause 10.4; Pipeline Act, Part 5, Section
29(1); IL 92-3).
Ground Disturbance
28.
Crossing Agreements
The operator has obtained approval in writing from the licensee

of an existing pipeline prior to a ground disturbance taking
place within the right-of-way of the existing pipeline or within
5 m of an existing pipeline if a right-of-way does not exist
(Pipeline Regulation, Sections 20.1 and 22(1)).
29.
Existing Pipelines Marked
The position and alignment of an existing pipeline are marked

with clearly distinguishable warning signs at adequate intervals
before a ground disturbance takes place in controlled areas
(Pipeline Regulation, Section 21(2)).
A controlled area extends 30 m on each side of an existing
pipeline (Pipeline Regulation, Section 20).
30.
Hand Excavation
Pipelines are hand exposed before any mechanical excavation

takes place within 5 m of an existing pipeline (Pipeline
Regulation, Section 22(7)).
31.
Machine Within 60 cm
Mechanical excavation equipment is not being used within 60

cm of a pipeline without direct on-site supervision by a
representative of the licensee of the existing pipeline (Pipeline
The pipeline must first be hand exposed or exposed by a

method approved by the ERCB (e.g., hydrovac, water jet, or
other nonmechanical methods).
32.
Notification Prior to Ground

Disturbance
Any operator proposing to undertake a ground disturbance in a

controlled area has notified the owner of the existing line at
least two days and not more than seven days prior to
commencing the ground disturbance (Pipeline Regulation,
Section 21(1)).
33.
Notification Prior to Backfill
Any operator undertaking a ground disturbance that

exposes any part of an existing pipeline has notified the
owner of the existing pipeline 24 hours prior to backfilling
Pressure Testing
34.
Test Notice Received
The appropriate Field Centre must be notified at least 48 hours

prior to the commencement of any test (Pipeline Regulation,
Section 32(1,2)).
Prior to pressure testing, the completed pipe sections have been
cleaned of construction debris and foreign matter (CSA
Standard Z662, Clause 6.2.8).
35.
36.
Test Medium/Disposal
Test Piping
ERCB approval is required if
water is the test medium in aluminum pipelines or any

liquid other than fresh water is used as a test medium in any
pipeline and the volume of the test section exceeds 500 m3
(Pipeline Regulation, Sections 43 and 44), or
the hoop stress level during the test exceeds 100 per cent
SMYS, or the volume of the test section will exceed 3 m3
and the pipeline crosses or is within 100 m of flowing water
and the hoop stress during the test will exceed 30 per cent
SMYS (Pipeline Regulation, Sections 43 and 44).
All test piping that is not a permanent part of the pipeline is

limited to a test pressure that will result in a hoop stress level
not greater than 75 per cent SMYS (CSA Standard Z662,
Clause 8.9.1).
All piping within 20 m from the connection of the test piping is
limited to a test pressure that will result in a hoop stress level
not greater than 90 per cent of SMYS (Pipeline Regulation,
Section 40).
All road and railway crossings that will be at 80 per cent SMYS
or more during gaseous medium testing must be pretested or the
road or the railway must be closed to traffic during the pressure
test (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 8.2.8).
All valves and fittings on test piping are limited to a test

pressure not greater than the manufacturers working rating
during the test (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 8.9.1).
37.
Test Under Operating

Conditions
Pipelines are tested in place under the same conditions as those

that will prevail when the pipelines will be in operation
(Pipeline Regulation, Section 29). (The line should be
backfilled prior to testing unless conditions apply as outlined in
CSA Standard Z662, Clauses 8.1.2 and 8.1.3).
Tie-in welds between tested sections for pipelines operating at
stresses of 30 per cent SMYS or greater are to be
radiographically or ultrasonically inspected until found to be
satisfactory, unless the tie-in welds will be subjected to a
pressure test (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 7.2.8.2.1).
In the case of a sour service pipeline (refer to Section 2 of this
directive), the tie-in welds are radiographically inspected
irrespective of stress levels (CSA Standard Z662, Clause
7.2.8.2.2).
38.
Safety Precautions
Testing is done in a manner that ensures the protection of

persons and property in the vicinity of the pipeline (Pipeline
Regulation, Section 30).
39.
Pressure Test
All pressure tests are recorded on a chart unless otherwise

allowed by the ERCB (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 8.6;
Pipeline Regulation, Section 35(1)).
Upon completion of any pressure test, results are recorded.
The location and specifications of the tested pipeline or part of
the pipeline are identified by reference to an existing plan, as
well as an elevation profile where necessary, as outlined in the
Pipeline Regulation, Section 37.
The final documentation contains the following information:
Company name
Approval number
Line number and/or section number
Legal description
Date
Time on and off
Test medium
Gauge pressure
Recorder range on chart face
Significant pressure deviations reconciled by documentation
40.
Pressure Reading Between

25 and 90 per cent
The instrument used to record the pressure during the test is

selected so that the pressure reading occurs between 25 and 90
per cent of the full range of the instrument (Pipeline Regulation,
Section 35(3)).
Each pressure-recording instrument is periodically calibrated to
maintain accuracy within 2 per cent of its range. The ERCB
may require verification of such calibration (Pipeline
Regulation, Section 35(4,5); CSA Standard Z662, Clauses 8.6.1,
8.6.2, and 8.6.2.4).
41.
Test Pressure/Duration
Test pressure is adequate for the MOP of the pipeline;

permissible stress levels during the test are not exceeded
Testing with non-toxic gas is permitted in Class 1 areas up to 95
per cent SMYS (Pipeline Regulation, Section 45). For
additional requirements for gaseous air testing, see CSA
Standard Z662, Clauses 8.2.2, 8.2.4.3, 8.2.6.3, and 8.2.8.
Maximum strength test pressure for liquid medium is 110 per
cent SMYS (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 8.2.4.2) or limit
reached by a pressure volume plot.
Sour natural gas pipelines (greater than 10 moles of H2S per
kilomole of natural gas) for all class locations are tested to
minimum 1.40 x MOP (Pipeline Regulation, Section 41(3)).
A testing procedure is approved and a pressure/volume plot is
conducted whenever the pipeline is pressure tested above 100
per cent SMYS (Pipeline Regulation, Section 39(1)).
The test pressure of any pipeline must not be less than 700 kPa
unless the ERCB approves a lower test pressure (Pipeline
The MOP is in accordance with CSA Standard Z662, Table 8.1.
Note that Pipeline Regulation, Section 41(3), supersedes

Table 8.1 for sour natural gas.
Pressure tests of lease piping are adequate for the MOP of the
connecting pipeline.
Note that testing against a closed valve is not

recommended.
Pressure test can be conducted up to 1.5 times the rating of the

valve or flange.
See CSA Standard Z662, Clause 8 and Table 8.1, and Pipeline
Regulation, Sections 6, 39, 40, 41, 45, and 46.
Discontinued Pipeline
42.
Physically Isolated/
Disconnected
The discontinued line or part of a pipeline is physically isolated

or disconnected from any operating facility (CSA Standard
Z662, Clause 10.13; Pipeline Regulation, Section 61(a,b,c,d);
ID 2000-9; Directive 56). Pipelines that have not been in
normal operation within the previous 12 months must have
ERCB consent to resume operation (Pipeline Regulation 64).
These pipelines should be scrutinized to ensure that proper
corrosion mitigation procedures have been in place.
43.
Left in Safe Condition
The discontinued pipeline is left in a safe condition (Pipeline

Regulation, Section 61(a,b,c,d)).
Safe condition means that there is no opportunity for
explosive, flammable, poisonous, or environmentally damaging
gases, liquids, or vapours to be emitted if the pipeline is
damaged by any means.
44.
Corrosion Control
Corrosion control measures are maintained on discontinued

pipelines (CSA Standard Z662, Clauses 9 and 10.13.1.2;
Pipeline Regulation, Section 62).
Abandoned Pipeline
45.
Physically Isolated/
Disconnected
The abandoned pipeline is physically isolated or disconnected

from any operating facility (CSA Standard Z662, Clauses
10.14.1 and 10.14.2; Pipeline Regulation, Section
67(1a,1b,1c,1d); ID 2000-9; Directive 56).
46.
Cleaned/Purged
The abandoned pipeline is cleaned if necessary and purged with

fresh water, air, or inert gas and left in a safe condition (CSA
Standard Z662, Clause 10.14.2; Pipeline Regulation, Section
67).
Safe condition means that there is no opportunity for
explosive, flammable, poisonous, or environmentally damaging
gases, liquids, or vapours to be emitted if the pipeline is
damaged by any means.
47.
Plugged/Capped
The abandoned pipeline is plugged or capped at all open ends

(CSA Standard Z662, Clause 10.14.2; Pipeline Regulation,
Section 67).
Operations Review
48.
Operations and Maintenance

Procedures
The company has documented an operations and maintenance

procedure for its pipeline system (CSA Standard Z662, Clause
10.2.1.1; Pipeline Regulation, Section 49).
The company must
49.
Emergency Procedures
Manual
document operating and maintenance procedures;
operate and maintain its pipeline system in conformance

with such procedures; and
modify such procedures from time to time as experience

dictates and as changes in operating conditions require.
A licensee of a pipeline transporting gas containing 10 or more

moles of H2S per kilomole of natural gas or a liquid-filled
pipeline transporting an HVP liquid must maintain an
emergency procedures manual (CSA Standard Z662,
Clause 10.4.10; Pipeline Regulation, Sections 50(1a,1b,1c,1d,
1e) and 50(2)).
The licensee of a pipeline transporting HVP liquids must
periodically conduct emergency exercises structured to test the
licensees internal capabilities for initial response to the
emergency procedures described in the manual and to test any
leak detection and supervisory control and data acquisition
systems associated with the pipeline (CSA Standard Z662,
Appendix E; Pipeline Regulation, Section 50(3)).
The company must retain a record describing the results of the
emergency exercise for a period of two years from the time of
the exercise (Pipeline Regulation, Section 5(1)(d)).
The emergency procedures manual must be updated at least
once each year (Pipeline Regulation, Section 50(2)).
50.
Pressure Test Data Records
All original and follow-up test data results, including any

pressure, temperature, or pressure-volume plots, and other
documentation must be retained by the licensee for the
operating life of the pipeline (CSA Standard Z662, Clause
8.6.2).
51.
Internal Corrosion Control
Appropriate methods to detect and mitigate internal corrosion

are employed to protect pipelines transporting any liquid or gas
or combination thereof that may cause the interior to corrode
(CSA Standard Z662, Clause 9; Pipeline Regulation, Section
53(a,b,c).
Each licensee must monitor to determine the effectiveness of
mitigation procedures (CSA Standard Z662, Clauses 9.4.3 and
9.5).
The results of the inspection or tests must be recorded and
retained for a minimum of six years (Pipeline Regulation,
Section 53).
52.
External Corrosion Control/

Cathodic Surveys
Each buried steel or aluminum pipeline must have an external

protective coating and be cathodically protected in its entirety
within one year following completion of construction (CSA

Standard Z662, Clauses 9.2.1.2 and 9.2.2; Pipeline Regulation,
Section 52(1,2a,2b,2c)).
For existing bare piping, refer to CSA Standard Z662, Clause
9.2.3.
Each licensee must conduct an annual inspection or test to
determine the effectiveness of external corrosion mitigation
procedures on all steel and aluminum lines in its pipeline
system (Pipeline Regulation, Section 52(1)).
53.
Failure/Repair Records
A licensee must retain a record of all leaks for the life of the
pipeline system (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 10.3.4; Pipeline
Regulation, Section 55(1,2)).
54.
Failure Notification
When a leak, break, or contact damage occurs in a pipeline, the

licensee must immediately inform the ERCB of the location of
the leak, break, or contact damage (Pipeline Act, Section 36 (1)
and 36 (1.1).
55.
Crossing Agreements
If a ground disturbance is to take place in the right-of-way of a

pipeline or within 5 m of a pipeline where there is no right-ofway, the licensee has an approval in writing (Pipeline
56.
Crossing Inspection Record
A licensee of an existing pipeline who has been notified of a

proposed ground disturbance must
inspect its pipeline before the start of the ground

disturbance to ensure that the locating and marking have
been properly carried out; and
carry out such inspections of the ground disturbance

necessary to ensure the continued safety of the pipeline
(Pipeline Regulation, Section 22(3)(a)(b)).
The licensee must inspect the exposed part of the pipeline

before backfilling to ensure that no damage has occurred
When a licensee inspects a pipeline, a written record of the

inspection must be made and retained by the licensee for a
minimum of two years (Pipeline Regulation, Section 22(6)).
57.
Leak Detection
Leak detection systems must be tested annually to demonstrate

continued effectiveness (CSA Standard Z662, Clause E4.3). The
licensee of a pipeline transporting HVP liquids must
periodically conduct emergency exercises (simulation leaks)
structured to test the licensees internal capabilities for initial
response to the emergency procedures described in its
emergency procedures manual (see item 50) and to test any leak
detection and supervisory control and data acquisition systems
associated with the pipeline (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 10.2.6
and Appendix E; Pipeline Regulation, Sections 6(3) and 50(3)).
58.
Licence Status
The pipelines operational status is the same as reflected in

ERCB records: O (operational), D (discontinued), A
(abandoned), R (removed). The operational status for
discontinued/abandoned must be reported to the ERCB within
90 days of completion of the work.
59.
Pipeline Crossing Signs
The licensee has erected pipeline warning signs meeting the

requirements of the Pipeline Regulation at each side of a
crossing where a pipeline crosses a highway, road, railway, or
watercourse (Pipeline Regulation, Section 23).
Surface lines are buried at all road and trail crossings, and
pipeline warning signs are placed at the point of pipeline entry
and exit of each crossing (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 10.2.9;
Pipeline Regulation, Section 19(2,3)).
60.
Aboveground Facility
Identification
Warning signs identify all aboveground pipeline facilities and

are erected adjacent to the facility in each case (CSA Standard
Z662, Clause 10.2.8.6; Pipeline Regulation, Sections 24(1,2)
and 25). All pertinent data on signs must be accurate.
61.
Compressor/ Oil Pump

Station Identification
A large sign showing the name of the facility, the name of the
licensee, an emergency telephone number, and a warning
symbol is erected at the entrance to gas compressor stations and
oil pumping stations (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 10.2.9;
Pipeline Regulation, Section 25(1); Oil and Gas Conservation
Regulations).
62.
Noise Control
Compressor stations and pump stations are operated so that the

maximum noise levels are in accordance with ERCB ID 99-8
(Pipeline Regulation, Section 14; ID 99-8; Directive 38).
63.
Right-of-Way
Operating companies must patrol their pipelines in order to

observe surface conditions on and adjacent to their rights-ofway, indications of leaks, construction activity performed by
others, and other conditions affecting the safety and operation
of the pipelines. Particular attention must be given to the
following:
a) construction activity
b) dredging operations
c) erosion
d) ice effects
e) scour
f) seismic activity
g) soil slides
h) subsidence
i) water crossings
Frequency of patrols are in accordance with Pipeline

Regulation, Section 14.1 (CSA Standard Z662, Clause 10.5).
64.
Pressure Control Devices or

Pressure Relief Devices
During the steady-state operation of a pipeline, the operating

pressure of the pipeline must not exceed the MOP as per the
requirements described in CSA Standard Z662, Clause 4.14.1.
If two or more pipelines are connected such that one operates at
a pressure higher than the other, they are designed so that the
pipeline system operating at the lower pressure is not subjected
to a pressure greater than its MOP (CSA Standard Z662,
Clauses 4.14.2, 4.14.3, and 4.14.4; Pipeline Regulation,
Sections 9 and 58).
Pressure control, pressure limiting, and pressure-relieving
systems (or devices) must be inspected at least once per
calendar year, as detailed in CSA Standard Z662, Clause 10.6.5.
Records of such tests and inspections and the records of any
corrective action taken must be retained by the operating
company.
Pipeline valves that might be required during an emergency
must be inspected and partially operated at least once per
calendar year, as detailed in CSA Standard Z662, Clause
10.6.6.2.
65.
Surface Pipeline
All surface pipelines have
a pressure-relieving device if there is any possibility of a

pressure increase to above the allowable MOP due to a rise
in ambient air temperature;
a system to allow for adequate expansion or contraction due

to temperature change; and
suitable restraints to adequately control lateral or vertical

movement.
Surface lines are buried at all road and trail crossings, and
pipeline warning signs are placed at the point of pipeline entry
and exit of each crossing.
Additional precautions, such as extra pipeline warning signs,
are taken to indicate the presence of a surface line when
equipment might be working in the vicinity of the pipeline or
conditions might obscure or endanger the pipeline (Pipeline
Regulation, Section 19).
66.
Directive 55 Storage
Requirements
Record noncompliance on check sheet and specify details in

D: Comments section using Appendix 1.
Appropriate material and waste storage must be conducted

in accordance with ID 95-3 and Directive 55. This includes
aboveground tanks, underground tanks, containers, storage
facilities, bulk pad storage, and inspection, monitoring, and
record keeping requirements for those materials produced,
generated, or used by the upstream petroleum industry
under ERCB jurisdiction.
All facilities constructed after January 1, 1996, must meet

the requirements of Directive 55.
Operators of facilities constructed and operated prior to

January 1, 1996, are required to demonstrate that their
storage practices, facilities, and containment devices meet
the requirements of Directive 55.
Incident Cause
67.
Failure/Hit
If a noncompliance is noted during the failure investigation and

records review, record that noncompliance on the check sheet
and specify details in D: Comments section using Appendix 1.
All failures/hits must be reported to the ERCB in accordance
with the Pipeline Act, Sections 36(1) and 36(1.1). Note that
Appendix 2 must be followed when dealing with all corrosionrelated failures.
Select/failure mechanism from the following list:
CD
MD
JF
CW
CX
CI
DO
EM
GW
IF
MJ
MS
OE
WF
OP
PF
SR
VF
UN
Construction damage
Mechanical damage
Mechanical joint failure
Corrosion at girth or fillet weld
Corrosion external
Corrosion internal
Damage by others
Earth movement
Girth weld failure
Installation failure
Miscellaneous joint failure
Miscellaneous
Operator error
Other weld failure
Overpressure failure
Pipe failure
Seam rupture
Valve or fitting failure
Unknown
68.
Spills
Spill and line failure details are to be recorded on the ERCBs

ENV form (see Field Surveillance ENV Completions internal
guide). This section (69) applies to noncompliance and
enforcement of containment and cleanup. Record noncompliance on check sheet and specify details in D: Comments
section using Appendix 1.
Immediate steps must be taken to contain and clean up

spills of any size or type. The ERCBs authority to require
and direct cleanup activities where necessary is detailed in
the Pipeline Act, Section 37(1).
Spills of refined products on or off lease must be contained

and cleaned up in accordance with the guidelines of the
Pollution Control Division of Alberta Environment. (See
EUB IL 98-1: Memorandum of Understanding Between
Alberta Environmental Protection and the Alberta Energy
and Utilities Board Regarding Coordination of Release
Notification Requirements and Subsequent Regulatory
Response.)
The landowner must be advised of any spills off lease or

significant spills on lease, and the company must
adequately address all concerns.
Other (Enter Y for yes, or N for no for items 70-73)

69.
Directive 58 Waste
Management
Requirements Met?
Enter N if the licensee is not in compliance with the

requirements of Directive 58. See Directive 64 for enforcement
action.
70.
Facility Suspended?
Enter Y if the licensee is requested to suspend operations for

any length of time (Pipeline Act, Sections 29(1), 30, and 31).
71.
Letter to Licensee Required?
Enter Y if a letter is being sent to the licensee. If the overall

inspection result is H (high risk unsatisfactory), the inspector
must send a letter to the licensee stating escalating
consequences for noncompliance.
72.
Records Review of Licensee

Compliance?
Enter Y if a records review of the pipeline inspection system

for licensee compliance has been completed. Escalate or
remove the licensee from the enforcement ladder based on the
inspection history.
Overall Inspection Result
Indicate if the overall inspection is Satisfactory or

Unsatisfactory by entering an X in the appropriate box. The
overall result is Unsatisfactory if any item on the Pipeline
Check Sheet is marked Low or High Risk.
Comments
Clearly define the necessary work that must be completed by
the operator in the Comments section.
Enforcement Action
Enter X if the inspection is satisfactory.
Enter the appropriate code (U, M, or S) if the inspection is
unsatisfactory.
Indicate the appropriate noncompliance level and consequences
for noncompliance (see back of check sheet form).
Licensees Signature
Be sure that the licensee of the inspected facility signs the

completed inspection sheet.
Inspectors Signature
As ERCB inspector, sign the completed inspection sheet.
Deadline Date
Enter the date by which the necessary work detailed under

Comments must be completed.
2.3
Give the licensee a copy of the completed check sheet.
Submission of Check Sheet
File the completed Pipeline Check Sheet with the local Field
Centre.
Follow-Up/Reinspections
A reinspection Check Sheet must be completed and entered to

clear unsatisfactory inspections from the database.
Appendix 1 Operational Deficiencies

The level of each deficiency is based on the criteria set out in Directive 019: ERCB
Compliance Assurance.
Inspection Results
Low Risk unsatisfactory event/inspection (L) a contravention of regulation(s) or

requirement(s) that represents an acceptable level of risk that requires mitigative
measures within an acceptable time frame.
High Risk unsatisfactory event/inspection (H) a contravention of regulation(s)

or requirement(s) that represents an unacceptable level of risk requiring the inclusion
of mitigative measures, provided the benefits outweigh the risks.
The ERCB may escalate noncompliance issue(s) to any level should conditions
warrant.
Compliance and Noncompliance Results
Inspection results are rated X - satisfactory, L low risk unsatisfactory, and H
high risk unsatisfactory. Items below are numbered in accordance with the Pipeline
Check Sheet.
Pipeline Specifications
H 1. Substance is different from that stated on licence and the line is

operating.
H 2. H2S content is higher than that stated on licence and the line is
operating.
.
H 3. a. Pressure design does not meet CSA Standard Z662, Clause 4.3.3,
or Pipeline Regulation, Section 13.
L
b. Outside diameter differs from that stated on the licence but meets
the pressure design of CSA Standard Z662, Clause 4.3.3, or
L
b. Wall thickness differs from that stated on the license but meets
H 5. Materials used: Pipe material is not as stated on the licences.

b. Type and grade differ from that stated on the licence but meet
7. Joint type
a. Joint type is different from that stated on licence but allowed by

CSA Standard Z662 and Directive 56, Table 3.7.
b. Joint type is different from that stated on licence and is not

allowed by CSA Standard Z662.
c. Threaded steel is used and buried below ground.
8. Internal coating is not as approved.
9. From or To location is different from that stated on licence.
10. From or To facilities code is different from that stated on licence.
11. Length of pipeline/route: Route is different from that stated on

licence.
H 12. Environment code is different from that stated on licence.

13. MOP
L
a. MOP is greater than that stated on licence but does not exceed
the manufacturers rating of the pipe, valves, flanges, or fittings
or the limitations for sour natural gas as applicable.
b. MOP is greater than that stated on licence and exceeds the

manufacturers rating of the pipe, valves, flanges, or fittings and
connecting pipelines.
Construction
H 14. There is no approval to construct.
L
15. No construction notice is given to appropriate ERCB Field Centre.
H 16. Conditions stated on licence are not met.

H 17. Valves, fittings, or flanges do not meet the requirements of the
licence for the pipeline.
H 18. Road crossings are unsatisfactory.
H 19. Railway crossings are unsatisfactory.
H 20. Depth of cover is unsatisfactory.
H 21. Ditch preparation is unsatisfactory.

H 22. Joining/radiograph is unsatisfactory.
H 23. Bored crossings are unsatisfactory.
H 24. Pipe coating/handling conditions are unsatisfactory.
H 25. Backfill procedures are unsatisfactory.
H 26. Lease piping is unsatisfactory.
H 27. Safety precautions are unsatisfactory.
Ground Disturbance
H 28. The status of crossing agreements is unsatisfactory.
H 29. a. Marking of existing pipelines inside a controlled area is
unsatisfactory.
H
b. Total disregard for the requirements for marking of pipelines

inside a controlled area.
H 30. a. Hand excavation: Mechanical excavation takes place within 5 m

of existing pipeline prior to hand exposure.
H
b. Total disregard for the hand excavation requirements.
H 31. Machine working within 60 cm without authorization from the

owner of the existing crossing.
H 32. Notification to the owner of the existing pipeline prior to ground
disturbance was unsatisfactory.
H 33. Notification to the owner of the existing pipeline prior to backfill
was unsatisfactory.
Pressure Testing
L
34. No test notice is given to the appropriate ERCB Field Centre.
H 35. Test medium/disposal unsatisfactory.

H 36. Test piping unsatisfactory.
H 37. Not tested under operating conditions.
H 38. Safety precautions unsatisfactory.
L
39. Pressure test recorded unsatisfactory.
40. Test pressure not between 25 and 90 per cent of the pressure recorder
range.
H 41. Test pressure/duration does not conform to requirements.

Discontinued Pipeline
L
42. Not physically isolated/disconnected.
H 43. Not left in safe condition.

L
44. Corrosion control unsatisfactory.
Abandoned Pipeline
H 45. Not physically isolated/disconnected.
H 46. Not cleaned/purged and left in a safe condition.
L
47. Not plugged/capped.
Operations Review
L
H
48. a. Operations and maintenance procedures manual incomplete.

b. No operations and maintenance procedures manual, or not
followed.
H 49. a. Emergency procedures manual unsatisfactory.

H
b. No approved site-specific emergency response plan (ERP) where

required.
c. Safety equipment specified in ERP not installed.
d. Copy of ERP not readily available.
e. ERP manual not updated yearly, and exercises not held or details
not documented.
f.
g. Operator not communicating with residents in emergency

planning zone (EPZ).
Operator on-site representative not familiar with ERP.
50. Pressure test data records unsatisfactory.
H 51. a. Internal corrosion controlno records in corrosive environment.

L
b. Internal corrosion controlno records in noncorrosive

environment.
c. Internal corrosion controlno monitoring and mitigation in

corrosive environment.
H 52. a. External corrosion control/cathodic surveysno records of

survey results.
H
L
b. Cathodic protection systemnot operational or not installed.

53. Failure/repair records unsatisfactory.
H 54. Failure to notify appropriate ERCB Field Centre.

H 55. No crossing approval in place.
L
56. Crossing inspection record unsatisfactory.
H 57. Leak detection unsatisfactory.

L
L
H
58. a. Pipe has been discontinued or abandoned but is still shown as

operating on ERCB records.
b. Pipe is operating but is shown as discontinued or abandoned on
ERCB records.
59. a. Pipeline sign missing or defaced on one side of crossing.
b. Pipeline sign missing or defaced on both sides of a crossing.
60. Aboveground facility identification unsatisfactory.
61. Compressor/oil pump station identification unsatisfactory.
H 62. Facility exceeding permissible sound levels.

L
63. a. Right-of-way maintenance and patrols not being performed

and/or documented.
b. Right-of-way maintenance and patrols not being performed

and/or documented in Class 2, 3, or 4 area.
H 64. a. Pressure control devices or pressure relief device installations

unsatisfactory (i.e., not installed where required or does not
function).
H
L
b. Required function tests not conducted or recorded.

65. Surface pipeline unsatisfactory.
66. Directive 55 Storage Requirements (references are to Directive 55
sections)
a. General storage practices (Section 3)
i)
Materials not consumed within two years.
ii) Oilfield wastes/empty barrels stored more than one year.
iii) All temporary single-walled aboveground tanks not diked

(unless operation qualifies for it to be optional).
iv) Temporary tank (not diked) not emptied or removed from

site within 72 hours of completing the operation (drilling,
completions, testing, or servicing operations).
v) Contaminated material stored directly on the ground.

b. Siting of storage areas/facilities (Section 3.6)
i)
Not readily accessible for fire fighting and other emergency

procedures.
ii) Located on a floodplain.
iii) Located within 100 m of normal high-water mark of a body

of water, permanent stream, or water well used for domestic
purposes.
c. Aboveground storage tank(s) with an internal volume less than
5 m3 (Section 5.1)
i)
Not externally coated or made from weather and corrosionresistant material.
d. Aboveground storage tank(s) with internal volume equal to or

greater than 5 m3 (Section 5.3)
L
i)
Steel tank(s) not externally coated.
ii) Spill control device(s) not installed/inadequate.
iii) No measures in place to prevent overfilling of tanks.
iv) No tank dike where required.
v) Liner not installed where required/insufficient liner.
vi) Tank loading/unloading areas not designed to contain spills

or leaks.
vii) Tank dike(s) deteriorating, developing leaks, or unable to

withstand hydrostatic head.
viii) Insufficient tank dike capacity.
ix) Tank dike(s) contain openings (e.g., open dike drains).
x) Impervious liner does not cover the dike and the area within
the dike not keyed into dike walls.
xi) Aboveground tank not tested at the required five-year

frequency; operator cannot demonstrate tank integrity.
xii) Inadequate leak detection methods.
xiii) Indoor aboveground storage tanks not surrounded by

containment device and/or drain and collection tank with
sufficient capacity.
e. Double-walled tanks with internal volume >5 m3 (Section 5.33)
i)
ii) Spill control device(s) not installed/inadequate.
iii) No system to monitor interstitial space.
iv) No barriers to protect tank from vehicular damage.
v) Automatic shutdown system not checked on a monthly basis.

f.
No measures in place to prevent overfilling of tank(s)

(alarms/automatic shutoffs).
Underground storage tank(s) including associated piping

(Section 6.0)
i)
No leak detection and secondary containment where

required.
ii) Underground storage tank(s) not double walled (tanks

installed after October 31, 2001).
iii) Newly installed tank(s) and associated piping not tested prior
to service.
iv) Steel tank(s) not cathodically protected or externally coated.
v) Tank loading/unloading areas not designed to contain spills

or leaks.
vi) Spill control devices not installed/inadequate.
vii) Tank breathing vents not designed to prevent fluid overflow.
viii) No measures in place to prevent overfilling of tanks.
ix) Underground tank(s) not tested at the required three-year

frequency; operator cannot demonstrate tank integrity.
g. Storage containers with combined volume >1 m3 on site
(Section 7)
i)
Insufficient or no secondary containment (dikes, curbs, and

collection trays).
ii) No weather protection where required.

h. Bulk pads for the storage of solid materials (Section 9)
i)
ii) Not constructed of compacted clay, synthetic liner, concrete,

or asphalt.
iii) No continuous curb on three sides and/or curb height not

minimum 15 cm.
iv) No leachate collection or leak detection system where

required.
i.
Using concrete as primary containment where there is

potential for stored materials to leach (bulk pads constructed
after October 31, 2001).
Inspection, monitoring, and record keeping (Section 10)
i)
Inventory records for last two years not available.
ii)
Records of inspection and corrosion monitoring programs

not available.
iii) Other records not available where required.
iv) Applicable approvals, licences, or permits not on site or at

field/plant offices.
j.
Withdrawal of storage tanks from service (Section 12)

i)
Aboveground/underground tanks out of service do not meet

the requirements.
Incident Cause
67. Failure/Hit
Consequences for Failure Mechanism
CD
CONSTRUCTION DAMAGE
Examples of construction failures include, but are not limited to,
damage to coating or pipe caused during handling

bending
improper installation of river/swamp weights
improper installation of shrink wraparound sleeves
poorly taped joint or holiday (jeep)
damaged/disbonded coating causing shielding of cathodic
protection
improper ditch preparation causing stress failure
settlement at risers or supports
improper joint alignment
poor cleaning and prepping of joints prior to welding or joining
Company representatives are responsible to ensure proper

installation during construction to eliminate the above failure
mechanisms. Where damage is found, the following will apply:
L
a. Poor construction practices resulting in failure after one years

service/operation.
H b. Poor construction practices resulting in failure within one years

service/operation.
H c. Total disregard for CSA requirements and ERCB acts and
regulations.
MD MECHANICAL DAMAGE
H
Includes dents, scrapes, and gouges to pipe body that were not
repaired or replaced at time of contact; the system has been allowed
into service and failed due to stress or corrosion.
JF
MECHANICAL JOINT FAILURE
Includes gasket, screwed couplings, O ring leakage, mechanical

interference joints, bell, and spigot overinsertion, damaging internal
coating.
CW CORROSION AT GIRTH OR FILLET WELD
Record as either corrosion external (CX) or corrosion internal (CI)
(see below).
CX
CORROSION EXTERNAL
H a. Cathodic potential is less than nominal 0.85 volts on an operating or

discontinued system.
H b. Cathodic protection not installed within one year of service/
operation.
L
c. Failure to follow the investigative procedures detailed in Corrosion

Guide, Section 1.3 (Appendix 2).
H d. Failure to follow the investigative procedures detailed in Corrosion

Guide, Sections 2 and 4 (Appendix 2).
CI
CORROSION INTERNAL
H a. There is no documented monitoring or mitigation program in place

and/or company is not following program.
H b. There is no monitoring or mitigation program in place for pipelines
with major potential public and environmental consequences, as
referenced in Appendix 2, Section 4.
H c. Failure to follow the investigative procedures detailed in Corrosion
Guide, Sections 2, 3, and 4 (Appendix 2).
L
d. Failure to follow the investigation procedures detailed in Corrosion

Guide, Sections 1.1, 1.2, and 3 (Appendix 2).
DO DAMAGE BY OTHERS
X a. All ground disturbance requirements were complied with and no

records, survey plans, or caveats indicated lines existed.
H b. Proper procedures were not followed.
H c. Complete disregard for the acts and regulations.
EM EARTH MOVEMENTincludes river changes, frost
heaves, and slope movement
X a. Right-of-way surveillance was conducted and documented and
action was taken.
H b. Right-of-way surveillance was conducted and documented but no
action was taken.
H c. No right-of-way surveillance was conducted.
GW GIRTH WELD FAILUREincludes metal failure in the
heat-affected zone of weld or weld imperfections; not
corrosion related
X a. Mandatory nondestructive inspection requirements were followed.
H b. Mandatory nondestructive inspections requirements were not
followed.
IF
INSTALLATION FAILUREfailures at a compressor

station, pumping station, meter station, etc., that are all part of
pipeline surface installation
X a. Compressors and pump units are designed for safe and efficient
operation of the units throughout the range of operating conditions
with emergency shutdown systems.
H b. Designed for full range of operating conditions, but emergency
shutdown and safety protection devices do not meet requirements.
H c. Not designed for full range of operating conditions.
MJ
MISCELLANEOUS JOINT FAILUREincludes plastic

butt fusion, socket fusion, plastic butt and fibreglass threaded
or bonded joining, welding or explosion welding of aluminum,
mechanical interference fit, or thermal joining
X a. Proper techniques have been used during construction and operation.

H b. Manufacturers techniques and specifications not followed.
MS MISCELLANEOUSincludes erosion from external jetting
action, vandalism, lightning strikes, flooding from rivers
X No enforcement action requiredacts outside of operator control.
OE
OPERATOR ERROR
H Operating and maintenance procedures manual not followed.

WF OTHER WELD FAILUREincludes weldolet branch
connections
L
a. Caused by preventable external forces (e.g., wildlife rubbing against

riser on line pipe).
H b. Proper installation procedures were not used or followed.

OP
OVERPRESSURE FAILUREincludes frozen lines,

waxed-off lines, pig stuck in line, hydrate plugs, switch failure,
thermal overpressure
Inappropriate construction or design, or documented operating

procedures not followed.
PF
PIPE FAILUREincludes pipe body failures, stress

corrosion cracking, hydrogen-induced cracking, brittle cracks,
running cracks, failure of plastic pipes, failure due to fatigue
and lamination separations (metallurgical report must follow)
X a. No enforcement action required if cause is a manufacturing defect

and the operator was not aware of potential indicators (as listed
above) prior to failure.
H b. Operator is aware of pipe body issues but has not implemented

mitigative measures.
SR
SEAM RUPTUREincludes those caused by electric

resistance welding (ERW) mill defects, but not failures due to
overpressurization or corrosion
X a. No enforcement action required if cause of failure is a manufacturing

defect that the operator was not aware of.
H b. The operator is aware that the line has integrity issues but has not
implemented mitigative measures.
VF
VALVE OR FITTING FAILUREincludes gasket

blowouts, pig trap failures
X a. No enforcement action required if manufacturing flaw not detected.

H b. Pressures do not comply with manufacturers rating, or maintenance
and testing frequency are not followed.
UN
UNKNOWNlines that fail beneath creeks, roads, or traverse

slopes that cannot be readily exposed and are abandoned in
place
If the line has a history of previous corrosion failures, use the same
mechanism code for this failure as the last. All lines must be cleaned
and purged if they are to be abandoned in place. This may require
installation of a sleeve to prevent further spillage while product is
being displaced. Where a sleeve can be installed, the failure cause
must be documented with the ERCB.
X No enforcement action required.
68. Spill
H
a. Release reporting (Pipeline Act 36(1); IL 98-1)Operator is

aware of a reportable release but neglects to report it. The ERCB
may discover the spill during an inspection, receive a report from
a third party, or receive a complaint.
b. Release detail accuracy
i)
Spill reported as contained on lease when it is off lease.
ii) Actual affected area significantly different from or larger

than reported.
iii) Actual volume of release significantly larger than reported.
iv) Operator fails to report that spill has entered water.
v) Operator advises that spill has been cleaned up when it has

not. Cleanup refers to all free fluids being removed.
vi) The reported location of spill is incorrect.

c. Control and containment (Pipeline Regulation 54)
i)
Operator does not take immediate steps to shut off source of

liquid release (i.e., continues to produce well with leak while
awaiting equipment and/or repairs).
ii) Unaddressed spill into water, operator aware, no action is

being taken.
iii) Operator does not take steps to contain spill as soon as

possible and prevent spill from spreading (e.g., berms,
dykes, booms if on water).
d. Recovery and cleanupSpill not adequately cleaned up. (Free

fluids still remain.)
e. Waste disposal
i)
ii) A one-time treatment site is not limited to a single

application of waste, as per Directive 58, Section 16.2.
iii) Inappropriate material put into land treatment site (i.e., salt
contaminated).
iv) Spill material moved off site for land treatment without
meeting conditions in IL 98-2.
v) Spill material (waste) not properly stored.

f.
Spill wastes taken to facility not authorized to accept/handle.
Area security
i)
Area is unsafe and steps not taken to restrict public access.
ii) Steps not taken to restrict animal access.
The above could include fencing, barricades, signage, manning of site, etc.
H
g. Landowner notificationRelease has affected off-lease area and

landowner/resident not contacted.
Other (Y/N)
69. Are Directive 58 requirements met?
70. Is the facility being suspended?
71. Is a letter to the licensee required because the overall inspection
result is H?
72. Has there been a records review of licensee compliance?
Appendix 2
ERCB Pipeline Inspectors Guide to
Corrosion Failure Procedures
Appendix 2Contents
Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 43
1
First Failure.................................................................................................................................... 44
1.1 Internal Corrosion FailuresAll Products .......................................................................... 44
1.2 Internal Corrosion FailuresAdditional Requirements for Level 1
Sour Natural Gas and CSA Class 1 HVP Pipelines ............................................................. 46
1.3 External Corrosion FailuresAll Products ......................................................................... 47
Repeat Failures .............................................................................................................................. 49

2.1 Internal or External Corrosion FailuresAll Products........................................................ 49
Failures on Internally Coated Pipelines ......................................................................................... 51

3.1 Internal or External Corrosion FailuresAll Products........................................................ 51
Failures on Pipelines with Major Potential Public and Environmental Consequences.................. 51

4.1 General Requirements.......................................................................................................... 51
4.2 Return to Service.................................................................................................................. 51
4.3 Large-Diameter Pipelines..................................................................................................... 52
Resumption of Operation of Discontinued or Abandoned Pipelines ............................................. 52
Enforcement................................................................................................................................... 52
Corrosion Failure Procedures Flowchart ....................................................................................... 53
Overview
These guidelines were developed by the ERCB in consultation with industry and pipeline
corrosion specialists to standardize the ERCB and industry approach to dealing with
corrosion-related failures by expanding upon the existing Pipeline Act and Regulation
and CSA standards. The aim is to enhance pipeline integrity and reduce the frequency of
pipeline failures in Alberta. The procedures detailed here are presented in a flowchart in
Section 7.
The following definitions explain terms as used in this appendix.
Dry sweet gasfor the purposes of this guide only, dry sweet gas contains no H2S and
its water dew point is at all times below the minimum pipeline system operating
temperature (see CSA Z662-99, Clause 9.4.1.1, definition).
Engineering assessmenttypically includes an analysis of the design parameters,
materials, construction techniques, operating history, and maintenance done regarding a
pipeline for the purpose of establishing whether the pipeline is fit for intended service.
For further clarification, see Clause 10.11.6 of CSA Z662-99. Engineering assessments
that involve engineering principles must be reviewed by the ERCB Pipeline Section of
the Operations Group.
Integrity and integrity assessmentIntegrity is the expectation that a pipeline is not
leaking and that it is safe to resume operation in a defined service for a defined period of
time. Long-term integrity is the expectation that the pipeline is not leaking and that it is
safe to resume operation for an indefinite period of time in accordance with defined
operating and maintenance criteria. An integrity assessment considers the existing
condition of the pipeline and the suitability of the corrosion control plan, operating
characteristics, and maintenance programs.
Pipeline SectionThe ERCB Operations Group Pipeline Section is the ERCB pipeline
inspectors contact for ERCB pipeline technical support. The Pipeline Section can be
reached at (403) 297-8432, 297-8148, 297-3367, or 297-8967.
Pipeline systemany line or lines licensed for the same substance and associated with
one facility.
Repeat failureany failure that results from the same or similar cause as a previous
failure on either the same line or on another line within the same pipeline system.
Sour natural gasas defined and used in ERCB Directive 56, gas containing more than
10 mol/kmol H2S.
First Failure
1.1
Internal Corrosion FailuresAll Products

1.1.1
Visual examination of failures
Unless an in situ repair will be completed, the failed pipe must be removed for visual
examination. For large-diameter pipe, it may not be feasible or necessary to remove the
failure if a repair sleeve is used. The minimum length of pipe to be replaced is specified
in CSA Z662-99, Clause 10.8.5.3. If corrosion is apparent, an entire joint should be
removed, if possible, so it may be examined for severe corrosion. In certain locations it
may not be possible, feasible, or necessary to remove full joints, such as at water or road
crossings or on slopes. If an in situ repair is completed, the repair will be considered as
temporary until the requirements set out here in Section 1.1 are met.
1.1.2
Lab analysis
A sample containing the failure must be cut out and sent for lab analysis to determine
failure cause and/or mechanism, unless the cause and mechanism are obvious or already
known. Any pipe structural failure (e.g., buckling, collapse, rupture, or seam failure)
should be sent for metallurgical or mechanical analysis. The failed section should not be
disturbed (e.g., cleaned, torch cut, or split) and should be taped off or sealed on the ends.
1.1.3
Visual examination of adjacent pipe
The remainder of the removed section should be split, cleaned, and inspected for further
corrosion.
1.1.4
Replacement
Any replaced section must be replaced with pipe having the same grade and wall
thickness or, if not available, grade and wall thickness sufficient to ensure that equal or
higher pressure and stress capability are maintained.
1.1.5
Localized corrosion
If the corrosion appears to be localized (restricted to a single area), acceptable options for
repair would be to either replace the section and follow with a pressure test or replace the
section using pretested pipe followed by radiographic, ultrasonic or other nondestructive
weld inspection. A documented corrosion plan must be prepared as outlined in 1.1.8
below.
1.1.6
Nonlocalized corrosion
If the corrosion is not localized (restricted to a single area) or there is reason to suspect
that the corrosion could be inherent to other parts of the pipeline, then further action is
required. A pressure test or internal inspection must be conducted or an engineering
For additional requirements for sour natural gas and HVP pipelines, see Sections 1.2 and 4; for pipelines having
higher failure consequence, see Section 4; for repeat failures, see Section 2.
assessment done. A documented corrosion plan must be prepared as outlined in 1.1.8

below.
1.1.7
Sleeve repairs
If cutout is not feasible, a temporary repair sleeve may be appropriate. For a leaking
internal corrosion failure, a repair would be done by using a pressure containment sleeve.
The welds on the sleeve must be inspected without causing damage. As the pipeline is
being pressured up for return to service, the sleeve must be visually inspected for any
leaking defects (e.g., using a soap test). See CSA Z662-99, Clause 10.8.5.4 and Table
10.1, for clarification on sleeve use.
1.1.8
Corrosion mitigation plan
If a failure indicates a corrosive condition, the operator must have a documented plan to
prevent further corrosion failures. This plan must consider other lines within the same
pipeline system and include details of the mitigative measures to be adopted. The
Pipeline Regulation, Sections 52 and 53, requires the operator to maintain records of any
corrosion maintenance activities for at least six years. Typical mitigative and monitoring
measures for internal corrosion could include combinations of the following: lab analysis
to determine failure cause, pipeline cleaning by pigging or chemicals, inhibition
(continuous and/or batch), maintenance pigging, electronic monitoring devices, corrosion
coupons, fluids analysis, and flow modelling. If operator expertise is insufficient, the
operator should enlist expert third-party assistance.
1.1.9
Evaluation of corrosion mitigation plan
Details of the plan must be discussed with the operator to ensure that the plan is
reasonable for that pipeline or pipeline system and the existing operating conditions.
1.1.10 Coating inspection
The exposed pipeline must be inspected visually for external coating condition. Defects
such as disbondment, taped repairs, improperly applied shrink sleeves, or ripples
resulting from areas of soil shear may exist. If external corrosion is found, the coating
must be removed and the pipe examined. Inspection for stress corrosion cracking (SCC)
using wet magnetic particle inspection should also be conducted in areas where external
corrosion has been found unless the company has sufficient documentation to show that
SCC is unlikely.
1.1.11 Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) inspection
Even though the pipeline may not exhibit external corrosion, if it meets the criteria for
high probability of SCC, the operator must conduct an examination for SCC. The
exposed pipeline segment must be examined and the operator must consider assessment
of other parts of the system as well. If SCC has been confirmed, the ERCB Pipeline
Section, Operations Group, must be notified for possible further follow-up. Excavation
and investigation of exposed pipe is an acceptable method to conduct evaluations for
SCC.
1.1.12 Return to service (satisfactory pipeline integrity)

In cases where pipeline integrity has been confirmed, the pipeline can return to service
while the documented corrosion plan is being developed.
1.1.13 Temporary service (long-term integrity is uncertain)
If long-term pipeline integrity is uncertain but it is desirable to allow the pipeline to
return to temporary operation based on significant need, the following measures must be
considered to minimize any risks of failure and to minimize potential spill volume:
pressure reduction, line patrol (aerial or using gas leak detection equipment but being
aware of sour natural gas hazards), pressure monitoring, and additional metering.
Before allowing any return to service, the following matters must also be considered: the
severity of the exhibited corrosion, the potential likelihood of failure, population density,
and possible environmental and public risk as a consequence of failure.
The operator must provide within 30 days a written plan of further action for ERCB
review. Normal pipeline operations may be resumed only after further work is done that
confirms or re-establishes long-term integrity. Further work could include an engineering
assessment. The need to allow such pipelines to return to temporary service must be
discussed with the local ERCB Field Centre Team Leader (FCTL) or the ERCB
Operations Leader prior to approval.
1.1.14 Audit
Selected operators will be audited for corrosion prevention activities, the presence of a
documented corrosion monitoring and mitigation plan, and their compliance with the plan
within 12 months of the failure.
1.1.15 Discontinuation/abandonment
If a pipeline is discontinued or abandoned, the company must notify the ERCB, as
required in ERCB Directive 56, within 90 days of completing discontinuation or
abandonment operations.
1.2
Internal Corrosion FailuresAdditional Requirements for Level 1 Sour Natural Gas (as per
ID 81-3) and CSA Class 1 HVP Pipelines
1.2.1
Temporary service
Temporary operation without proof of long-term integrity will not be allowed.

1.2.2
Confirmation of integrity
Proof of long-term integrity can be achieved through one or more of the following:
internal electromagnetic or ultrasonic in-line inspection, followed by necessary
repairs
replacement of the line
For additional requirements for Level 2, 3, or 4 sour natural pipelines and Class 2, 3, or 4 HVP pipelines,
see Section 4.
installation of a liner, as per the procedures of CSA Z662-99

flow modelling analysis, followed by verification digs, necessary repairs, and
implementation of an appropriate corrosion prevention program
an engineering assessment of the pipeline integrity, followed by any necessary
repairs
additional corrosion control program modifications as necessary; note that at least
one of the prior items must also be implemented
A pressure test alone will not be considered as adequate proof of long-term integrity.
Note that sour natural gas lines require pressure testing to 1.4 x MOP.
Random cutouts, ultrasonic inspection, and shadow shots are not adequate proof of
integrity.
1.3
External Corrosion FailuresAll Products

For additional requirements for Level 2, 3, or 4 sour natural gas pipelines and Class 2, 3,
or 4 HVP pipelines, are given in Section 4.
1.3.1
Visual examination of coating and failure
The exposed pipeline section must be examined visually for external coating condition.
Defects such as disbondment, taped repairs, improperly applied shrink sleeves, or ripples
resulting from areas of soil shear may exist. If external corrosion is found, the coating
must be removed and the pipe examined. Inspection for SCC using wet magnetic particle
inspection should be conducted in areas where external corrosion has been found unless
the company has sufficient documentation to show that SCC is unlikely. If the failure
appears to be the result of third-party damage, it may be unnecessary to conduct SCC
examination.
1.3.2
Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) inspection
Even though the pipeline may not exhibit external corrosion, if it fits the criteria for high
probability of SCC, the operator must conduct an examination for SCC. The exposed
pipeline segment must be examined and the operator must consider assessment of other
parts of the system as well. If SCC has been confirmed, the Pipeline Section should be
notified for possible further follow-up. Excavation and investigation of the exposed pipe
is an acceptable method to conduct evaluations for SCC colonies.
1.3.3
Replacement
Any replaced section must be replaced with pipe having the same grade and wall
thickness or, if not available, grade and wall thickness sufficient to ensure that equal or
higher pressure and stress capability are maintained.
1.3.4
Localized corrosion
If the corrosion appears to be localized (restricted to a single area), acceptable options for
repair would be to either replace the section and follow with a pressure test or replace the
For additional requirements for sour natural gas and HVP pipelines, see Sections 1.2 and 4; for pipelines having
higher failure consequence, see Section 4; for repeat failures, see Section 2.
section using pretested pipe followed by radiographic, ultrasonic, or other nondestructive

weld inspection. A documented corrosion plan must be prepared as outlined in 1.3.7
below.
1.3.5
Nonlocalized corrosion
If corrosion is not localized (restricted to a single area) or there is reason to suspect that
the corrosion could be inherent to other parts of the pipeline, further action is required. A
pressure test or internal inspection must be conducted or an engineering assessment done.
A documented corrosion plan must be prepared as outlined in 1.3.7 below.
1.3.6
Sleeve repair
If cutout is not feasible, a repair sleeve may be appropriate. For a leaking external
corrosion failure area, a repair would be done by using a pressure containment sleeve. If a
pressure containment sleeve is used on nonleaking corrosion, the pipe must be tapped to
pressurize the annulus between the pipe and the sleeve CSA Z662-99, Clause
10.8.5.4.2(g)). The welds on the sleeve must be inspected without causing damage. As
the pipeline is being pressured up for return to service, the sleeve must be visually
inspected for any leaking defects. A reinforcement repair sleeve would be used on a
nonleaking external corrosion area. See CSA Z662-99, Clause 10.8.5.4 and Table 10.1,
for clarification on sleeve use.
1.3.7
Corrosion mitigation plan
If a failure indicates a corrosive condition, the operator must have a documented plan to
prevent further corrosion failures. The plan must consider other lines within the same
pipeline system and include details of the mitigative measures to be adopted. The
Pipeline Regulation, Sections 52 and 53, requires the operator to maintain records of any
corrosion maintenance activities for at least six years. Typical mitigative and monitoring
measures for external corrosion could include combinations of the following: evaluation
of cathodic protection system, close interval survey, C scan, coating evaluation, and SCC
evaluation. If operator expertise is insufficient, the operator should enlist expert thirdparty assistance.
1.3.8
Evaluation of corrosion mitigation plan
Details of the plan must be discussed with the operator to ensure that the plan is
reasonable for that pipeline or pipeline system and the existing operating conditions.
1.3.9
Return to service (satisfactory pipeline integrity)
In cases where pipeline integrity has been confirmed, the pipeline can return to service
while the documented corrosion plan is being developed.
1.3.10 Temporary service (long-term integrity is uncertain)
If long-term pipeline integrity is uncertain but it is desirable to allow the pipeline to
return to temporary operation based on significant need, the following measures must be
considered to minimize any risks of failure and to minimize potential spill volume:
pressure reduction, line patrol (aerial or using gas leak detection equipment but being
aware of sour natural gas hazards), pressure monitoring, and additional metering.
Before allowing any return to service, the following matters must also be considered: the
severity of the exhibited corrosion, the potential likelihood of failure, population density,
and possible environmental and public risk as a consequence of failure.
The operator must provide within 30 days a written plan of further action for ERCB
review. Normal pipeline operations may be resumed only after further work is done that
confirms or re-establishes long-term integrity. Further work could include an engineering
assessment. The need to allow such pipelines to return to temporary service must be
discussed with the local ERCB Field Centre Team Leader (FCTL) or the ERCB
Operations Leader prior to approval.
1.3.11 Third-party damage/construction damage
If failure is a result of third-party or construction damage and the operators assessment
indicates that other corrosion is not a problem, then a repair using pretested pipe followed
by radiographic, ultrasonic, or other nondestructive testing of the weld is sufficient. If
either construction damage or mechanical damage initiated failure, the cause must be
recorded as such.
1.3.12 Audit
Selected operators will be audited for corrosion prevention activities, the presence of a
documented corrosion monitoring and mitigation plan, and their compliance with the plan
within 12 months of the failure.
1.3.13 Discontinuation/abandonment
Repeat Failures
A repeat failure could be either on the same line or on another line within the same
pipeline system (see definitions in Overview). Note that the requirements below are to be
used in conjunction with those found in Sections 1.1 and 1.3.
2.1
Internal or External Corrosion FailuresAll Products

2.1.1
Insufficient due diligence
If an operator experiencing a repeat failure is not following its pipeline operations and
maintenance manual and a documented corrosion mitigation plan or does not have a
suitable manual or plan in place, then the pipeline cannot be returned to service until
these issues are resolved to the satisfaction of the ERCB.
2.1.2
Failures on dry sweet gas pipelines
For repeat failures on dry sweet gas (see definition in Overview) where there is no
significant environmental or public risk and the operator has been following an
acceptable operations and maintenance manual and documented corrosion mitigation
plan, further written integrity assessments will not routinely be required.
2.1.3
Return to servicedry sweet gas pipelines
If a written integrity assessment and modified corrosion control plan are required, they
must be satisfactory to the ERCB inspector. Once the integrity assessment is satisfactory
or it is determined that no further integrity assessment is required, dry sweet gas pipelines
may be returned to service in combination with an acceptable leak monitoring program,
such as visual inspections or flame ionization inspections.
2.1.4
Failures other than dry sweet gas pipelines
For repeat failures on other than dry sweet gas (see definition in Overview) pipelines, the
failure indicates that the previous corrosion control program may not be adequate.
Therefore, the company must provide a complete written integrity assessment of the
subject pipeline(s) and a thorough plan to prevent any further failures. This may require
an engineering assessment or third-party consultation, which must consider the pipeline
condition, extent of corrosion, product carried, population density, environmental and
public risk, and proposed mitigative and operational changes necessary to prevent further
failures.
2.1.5
Return to serviceother than dry sweet gas pipelines
Details of the written integrity assessment and modified corrosion control plan must be
satisfactory to the ERCB inspector, and the engineering assessments must be satisfactory
to the ERCB Pipeline Section before the pipeline may be returned to service.
2.1.6
Audit
Selected operators will be audited for corrosion prevention activities, the presence of an
acceptable operations and maintenance manual and documented corrosion monitoring
and mitigation plan, and for compliance with such documents within 12 months of the
failure.
2.1.7
Discontinuation/abandonment

Failures on Internally Coated Pipelines

3.1
Internal or External Corrosion FailuresAll Products

3.1.1
General requirements
The same procedure as for other failures must be followed, unless failure was initiated at
a joint due to improper joining procedures.
3.1.2
Joint failures
If a failure was initiated at a joint, further digs must be conducted to inspect joints using
nondestructive testing methods. Failures due to improper joining procedures must be
recorded as mechanical joint failure.
3.1.3
Internal coating integrity
Repairs must re-establish continuous internal coating integrity at the repaired location. If
coating integrity cannot be restored, an alternative method of corrosion prevention must
be implemented, such as inhibition or use of other liners.
Failures on Pipelines with Major Potential Public and Environmental

Consequences
Pipelines with major potential failure consequences include
any Level 2, 3, or 4 sour natural gas pipeline (as per ID 81-3)
any pipeline in a CSA Z662-99 Class 2, 3, or 4 area (except dry sweet gas)
any pipeline 323.9 mm (12 inch) diameter or larger
any liquids pipeline crossing water or within 100 m of a water body
any liquids pipeline crossing parks or wetlands
any flammable liquids pipeline within 1.5 km of villages, towns or cities
4.1
General Requirements
The same investigative technique and follow-up as used for repeat failures must be used.
4.2
Return to Service
All assessments, evaluations, and corrosion monitoring and mitigation plans must be
fully completed and reviewed by ERCB staff before considering recommissioning. Longterm integrity must be assured by the use of one or more of the following:
internal electromagnetic or ultrasonic in-line inspection, followed by necessary
repairs
replacement of the line
installation of a liner as per the procedures of CSA Z662-99
a suitable alternative course of action (supported by an engineering assessment) that
meets with the satisfaction of the ERCB field inspectors and ERCB Pipeline Section
staff
A pressure test alone will not be considered as adequate proof of long-term integrity.
Note that HVP lines in CSA Z662-99 Class 2, 3, or 4 must be tested to 1.5 x MOP and all
sour natural gas lines must be tested to 1.4 x MOP.
4.3
Large-Diameter Pipelines
Any failure of a pipeline 323.9 mm (12 inch) or larger must be reported to the ERCB
Pipeline Section for their possible follow-up.
Resumption of Operation of Discontinued or Abandoned Pipelines

5.1
Assessment Procedures
The requirements of CSA Z662-99, Clause 10.13.2, which outline the engineering
assessment procedures that are necessary, are to be followed before making application
for resumption.
5.2
Application Requirement
An application for resumption (licence amendment) is submitted to the ERCB following
the normal Directive 56 process and must include the required assessment information.
5.3
Technical Inquiries
Technical inquiries may be directed to the ERCB Pipeline Section.
Enforcement
The ERCB has adopted an enforcement process that includes guidelines for ERCB
enforcement actions when dealing with regulatory noncompliance. Companies failing to
meet requirements or follow ERCB direction will be subject to escalating enforcement
consequences. Details of the ERCB enforcement process are contained in Directive 019:
ERCB Compliance AssuranceEnforcement.
Although the procedures in this corrosion guide are not detailed in the Pipeline Act or
Regulation, they are recognized as representing good practice and are written to reduce
potential future failures that could result in environmental and public impacts. If a
licensee does not conduct failure incident reviews and follow-up according to the general
intent of this guide, the licensee will be subject to ERCB-applied enforcement processes
as outlined in Directive 019, based on the potential or actual impact on the public and
environment.
Corrosion Failure Procedures Flowchart (page 1)

The numbers within parentheses in this four-page flowchart refer to the relevant
preceding sections in the corrosion guide (Appendix 2).
Internal
Corrosion
(1.1)
Large-diameter
pipe?
(1.1.1)
Yes
No
Is cutout
feasible?
(1.1.1, 1.1.7)
No
Don't need
to remove
the failure if
sleeve used.
(1.1.1, 1.1.7)
Yes
Remove an
entire joint.
(1.1.1)
Yes
Is corrosion
apparent?
(1.1.1)
No
Is failure
cause known?
(1.1.2)
Remove
failed pipe.
(1.1.1)
Visually inspect
remainder
of joint.
(1.1.3)
Yes
No
Send failure
for lab analysis.
(1.1.2)
Good
coating integrity?
(1.1.10)
No
Yes
Probability
of SCC?
(1.1.10, 1.1.11)
Yes
Conduct
investigations
for SCC.
(1.1.10, 1.1.11)
No
Company does
further work to
establish integrity.
(1.1.11, 1.1.13)
Is corrosion
localized?
(1.1.5)
Yes
Replace pipe
and pressure
test or use
pretested pipe.
(1.1.5)
No
Replace pipe and
pressure test or
use pretested
pipe and
engineering
assessment
(1.1.6)
Joint failure
on internally coated
pipe?
(3.1)
Failure
frequency?
Yes
No
Inspect joints,
re-establish
internal coating,
or use
alternate method.
(3.1)
Repeat
failure
To
page
4
First
failure
To
page
3

External
Corrosion
(1.3)
Visually examine
coating and pipe.
(1.3.1)
Good
coating integrity?
(1.3.1)
No
Probability
of SCC?
(1.3.1, 1.3.2)
Yes
Conduct
investigations
for SCC.
(1.3.1, 1.3.2)
Yes
Inspect for SCC.

(1.3.1)
No
Don't need
to remove
the failure if
sleeve used.
(1.3.6)
No
Yes
Is there
external
corrosion?
(1.3.1)
No
Isolated
third-party
damage?
(1.3.11)
Yes
No
Is corrosion
localized?
(1.3.4)
Yes
No
Yes
Remove
failed pipe.
(1.3.3)
Replace pipe
and pressure test
or use pretested
pipe and
engineering
assessment.
(1.3.5)
Failure
frequency?
Is cutout
feasible?
(1.3.6)
Replace pipe and

pressure test or
use pretested
pipe. (1.3.4)
Repeat
failure
To
page
4
First
failure
To
page
3

From
page
1 or 2
First failure
Company does
further work to
establish integrity.
(1.3.10, 1.1.13)
Request written
action plan.
(1.3.10, 1.1.13)
Allow temporary
operation.
(1.3.10, 1.1.13)
No
Will the pipeline
be discontinued
or abandoned?
(1.3.13, 1.1.15)
Yes
No
Good
pipeline integrity?
(1.3.9, 1.3.10,
1.1.12, 1.1.13)
Is there
significant need for
the pipeline?
(1.3.10, 1.1.13)
No
Company must
notify EUB within
90 days.
(1.3.13, 1.1.15)
Yes
Yes
Sour gas
Level 1 or HVP
Class 1?
(1.2)
No
Determine
appropriate
temporary
measures.
(1.3.10, 1.1.13)
Yes
Environmental
or public risk?
(Special precautions?)
(4)
No
Allow pipeline to
return to normal
service.
(1.3.9, 1.1.12)
Yes
Assess corrosion
mitigation
approach.
(4)
Is suitable
corrosion mitigation
plan in place?
(1.3.7, 1.3.8,
1.1.8, 1.1.9)
No
Request further
work to complete
corrosion
mitigation plan.
(1.3.8, 1.1.9)
Yes
If not operating,
allow pipeline to
return to normal
service.
(1.3.9, 1.1.12)
Within 12
months, audit
corrosion work.
(1.3.12, 1.1.14)

From
page
1 or 2
Repeat failure
Will the pipeline

be discontinued or
abondoned?
(2.1.7)
Company must
notify EUB within
90 days.
(2.1.7)
Yes
No
Was there
due diligence?
(2.1.1)
Yes
No
Dry, sweet
gas; no risk?
(2.1.2)
No
Yes
Yes
Thoroughly
evaluate written
integrity
assessment and
prevention plan.
(2.1.4)
Is suitable
plan in place?
(2.1.2, 2.1.5)
No
Obtain further
data to complete
evaluation of
integrity
assessment and
prevention plan.
(2.1.5)
Return to service
with appropriate
precautions.
(2.1.2)
Within 12 months,
audit manual and
corrosion work.
(2.1.6)
No
Are
assessment and
plan suitable?
(2.1.5)
Yes
Environmental
or public risk?
(Special precautions?)
(4)
Yes
Assess corrosion
mitigation
approach.
(4)
No
Allow pipeline to
return to normal
service.
(2.1.5)
Is suitable
plan in place?
(2.1.2, 2.1.3,
2.1.4)
No
Request further
work to complete
corrosion
mitigation plan.
(2.1.4)
Yes
Allow pipeline to
return to normal
service. (2.1.5)
Within 12 months,
audit manual and
corrosion work.
(2.1.6)

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Directive 066

Directive 066: Requirements

Requirements and Procedures for Pipelines

Inspection Guide and Check Sheet.................................................................................................... 5

Purpose of the Directive

Directive 066: Requirements and Procedures for Pipelines is

What This Directive Contains

This directive describes the role of the ERCB Field Centre

The ERCB Inspectors Conduct

The purpose of pipeline project inspections is to achieve

discussion with the companys senior personnel on site after the

Inspectors must refer to the ERCB Internal Guide 8: Safety

The ERCB believes that compliance in meeting or exceeding

Exemptions to the Pipeline Act and Regulation and CSA

2 Inspection Guide and Check Sheet

Pipeline Check Sheet

FAILURE/HIT CAUSE CODE

OVERALL INSPECTION RESULT

Records Review of Licensee Compliance?

Satisfactory Inspection (no action required)

Licensee's Signature _____________________________________________

Inspector's Signature ______________________________________________

Inspection Guide and Check Sheet

When to Use the Check Sheet

The ERCB inspector must complete a Pipeline Check Sheet

How to Complete the

Note that the check sheet is in abbreviated format: each item on

Enter the complete name of the licensee.

Enter the licensees code.

Enter the applicable licence number.

Enter only the specific line numbers inspected.

Enter the installation numbers (from the ERCB database) of

Enter the name of the licensees representative.

Enter the telephone number, including area code, of the

Enter the date of inspection.

Enter the name of the ERCB inspector.

Enter the name of the inspectors ERCB Field Centre.

Check the appropriate box(es) that indicates the type(s) of

Failure / Hit Cause Code

Enter the applicable incident cause code.

Check the appropriate box that indicates if the inspection is an

The substance code on the licence is that of the substance being

The hydrogen sulphide (H2S) content is equal to or less than

For gas pipelines, sour service materials are required if the

the system pressure is >1400 kPa and the partial pressure of

If the pipeline is transporting more than 10 moles of H2S per

The outside diameter of the pipe is that stated on the licence.

The wall thickness of the pipe is that stated on the licence.

Materials used are those stated on the licence (Directive 56,

Type and Grade

The internal coating is as approved on the licence (Directive 56,

From and To Locations

From and To Facilities

The from and to locations of the pipeline being built are

The length of the pipeline and its route correspond to what is

The actual environmental crossing of the pipeline corresponds

Specifications for valves, flanges, fittings, and pipe are

The operator holds the necessary ERCB approval, in

the pipeline is used for a utility cooperative pipeline and is