Modal Verbs: Verbe Modale
Modal Verbs: Verbe Modale
Modal Verbs: Verbe Modale
Conceptul de capacitate, posibilitate, necesitate sau obligatie este redat de asa numitele
"modal auxiliary verbs" : can, could, shall, should, must, need, ought to, used to, dare.
Caracteristici:
Nu au infinitiv lung
Nu primesc "s" la persoana a III a singular prezent simplu
Nu primesc "-ing"
Verbele care urmeaza sunt la infinitiv scurt; excceptie: used to, ought to
Nu au toate timpurile si modurile unui verb normal, de aceea unele au echivalenti
Formeaza interogativul prin inversiune; negativul + not
Can-could to be able to
May-might (numai in Indirect Speech) to be allowed to; to be permited to
Must to have to
Verbe modale
Will
Shall
Can
Could
May
Might
Must
Need
Should
Ought to
Would
Used to
Dare
Will
Shall
Hotarare The enemy shall not pass.
Promisiune If you get a good mark you shall have a present.
Refuz, insistenta, amenintare He shall pay for insulting my daughter.
Exprima o interdictie in acte oficiale All the candidats shall not bring(may not)
the dictionaries into the examination room.
Oferta, sugestie Shall I help you?
NOTA: What about going to the cinema? Lets go to the cinema, shall we?
Can
Abilitate fizica si intelectuala la prezent si viitor
Exprima o continuitate alaturi de verbele de perceptie
Exprima o permisiune (informal English)
Exprima o posibilitate atunci cand imprejurarile o permit If you come in my
town we can swim (I have a swimming pool)
Exprima o imposibilitate, neincredere: cu acest inteles
can poate fi urmat de un infinitiv prezent(pentru actiune simultana) sau
infinitiv perfect (pentru actiune anterioara )
Could
Abilitate fizica si intelectuala la trecut.Cu acest inteles
can/could poate fi inlocuit cu echivalentul.Dar cand intelesul este de to succid
in, to manage, to achieve-se foloseste numai echivalentul, dar nu si la negativ
Cerere politicoasa, mai politicoasa deca
can Could I help you?
May
Exprima o permisiune(formal english).Cu acest inteles el poate fi inlocuit cu
echivalentul
to be allowed to; to be permited to
Exprima o posibilitate.Cu acest inteles el poate fi inlocuit cu it is
possible/maybe/perhaps
Poate ca o cunosti
Might
Must
Dont have to
Lipsa de obligatie
Havent got to
Neednt
Must not
Im sure/certain/positive
Certain/obviously
Its likely/probable
Is likely
Need
A.verb notional, obisnuit= to be need of (dupa care apare un pronume, substantiv, verb la
gerunziu sau infinitiv lung)
Ex: Mother needs a pair of shoes.The windows need washing.
B.Verb modal auxiliar=to have to apare mai mult in interogativ si negativ; poate sa apara
si in afirmativ alaturi de never, hardly, barely
Ex: She need hardly mention her name, since I know it.
Diferenta dintre prezent si trecut:
Prezent
Do I need...?
Need I...?
ocazie speciala
Trecut
Should
NOTA: According to the wheather forecast it ought to rain today.He worked here for 5
years. You ought to know him.
Would
Used to
A nu se confunda cu
to use= a folosi
Used to
modal auxiliar cu forma numai de trecut
Desi e un modal auxiliar formeaza interogativul cu
did si negativul cu did not (formal english)
A nu se confunda cu:
to be/get accustomed to dupa care urmeaza un substantiv sau un verb la gerunziu
Ex:I am not used to drinking tea in the morning.
Dare
recomandari/sfaturi
need If you want to go hiking in the Rocky Mountains, you need to get a good
raincoat.
should To learn English really well, you should travel in America or Ireland.
ought You ought to call Catherine if you are thinking of not going.
sugestii
shall Shall I come back later?
might If you can't find the phone number in the yellow pages you might try
directory assistance.
could You could try a different shampoo if your hair is too dry.
can They can ask Uncle Peter for help if they don't understand.
let Let nature take her course.