Baro Mano Worksheet

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Name: Unit: Pressure

Worksheet
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1. Stiletto heels can exert great pressure mainly due to
a. the large force acting on it
acting on it
c. its large surface area
area

b. the small force


d. its small surface

2. Which of the following places has the highest atmospheric pressure?


a. on the top of a hill
b. in a car
c. on the roof top of a tall building
d. at the bottom of
the sea
3. Wind blows
a. from areas of high atmospheric pressure to low pressure areas
b. from areas of low atmospheric pressure to high pressure areas
c. only at areas above normal atmospheric pressure
d. only at areas below normal atmospheric pressure
4. The pressure in a liquid decreases with
a. increase in surface area
surface area
c. increase in depth
depth

b. decrease in
d. decrease in

5. A block of wood measuring 6m by 3m by 0.5m is placed on a table. If the mass


of the block of wood is 4500kg, what is the pressure on the table due to the
block? Take g=10N/kg
a. 2500Pa
b. 5000Pa
c. 9000Pa
d.22500Pa
6. A man stands on snow wearing a pair of skis. The total mass of the man is
60kg and each of the skis has an area of 0.2m2 in contact with the snow. A 1kg
mass has a gravitational force of 10N acting on it. What pressure does the man
exert on the snow?
a. 15N/m2
b. 30N/m2
c. 1500N/m2
d.
2
3000N/m
7. Which of the following does not cause the height of the mercury column of a
simple mercury barometer to vary?
a. changes in atmospheric pressure
b.
changes in the value of g
c. evaporation of mercury from the barometer reservoir
d.
leakage of air into the tube
9. In which of the following examples is the greatest pressure exerted?
a. a barefooted person standing on the beach
b. a
brick resting on the ground
c. an elephant standing on the ground
d. a
knife cutting a piece of meat

10. A tank 3 m long, 1 m wide, and 0.5 m deep is filled with oil which weighs 12
000 N. What is the pressure on the base of the tank due to the oil?
a. 4000 Pa
b. 6000 Pa
c. 8000 Pa
d. 18 000 Pa
11. Water of depth 10m exerts a pressure equal to atmospheric pressure. An air
bubble rises to the surface of a lake which is 20m deep. When the bubble
reaches the surface, its volume is 6cm3. What was the volume of the air bubble
at the bottom of the lake?
a. 2cm3
b. 3cm3
c. 12cm3
d.
3
18cm
12. A rigid tank containing air at atmospheric pressure has a capacity of 5000
cm3. A bicycle hand pump with a capacity of 500cm3 is used to pump more air
into the rigid container. Given that the hand pump is pumped twice to push two
tubes of air into the tank, what is the final air pressure in the tank? (take
atmospheric pressure as 100 000 Pa)
a. 100 000 Pa
b. 120 000 Pa
c. 500 000 Pa
d. 1 000 000 Pa

13. Oxygen can be supplied to a fish tank by bubbling air into the water. What
happens to the pressure and the volume of air bubbles while they are rising?
pressure
volume
a.
decreases
decreases
b.
decreases
increases
c.
increases
decreases
d.
increases
increases
15. A manometer contains water and a liquid X. The two liquids do not mix.
The pressure at level P in the water is equal to the pressure at level P in liquid
X.
The density of water is 1000 kg/m3. What is the density of liquid X?
a. 500 kg/m3
b. 800 kg/m3
c. 1250 kg/m3
d. 2000 kg/m

1. The figure shows a mercury barometer on a day when the atmospheric


pressure is 750mmHg. What is the pressure at point B, at the bottom of the
mercury reservoir?

2. The figure shows a manometer with limbs of cross-sectional area of 0.0015m 2.


It contains a liquid which exerts a pressure of 5000Nm -3. Calculate
i. the volume of liquid between the levels PQ and RS in the left-hand tube
ii. the weight of the volume of liquid in i.
iii. the excess pressure, in Nm-2, of the gas supply above the surrounding
atmospheric pressure

3. When a block of metal of mass 1.2kg stands on a horizontal surface, the area
of contact between the block and the surface is 8.0cm 2. Assuming that the force
of gravity acting on a mass of 1kg is 10N, calculate the pressure exerted by the
block on the surface.
4. The figure shows a U-tube manometer connected to a gas cylinder of large
volume. The atmospheric pressure is 76cm of mercury.

ai. What is the pressure at A in the right-hand tube?


aii. What is the pressure at B in the left-hand tube?
b. The tap is opened and mercury is run out until the level in the left-hand tube
drops to the 60cm mark.
i. assuming that the pressure in the gas cylinder remains constant, what is the
new position of the level in the right-hand tube?
ii. Explain how you arrived at your answer.

5. The figure shows two vertical tubes P and Q, each closed at the upper end.
The pressure in the space above the mercury meniscus in tube P is negligibly
small. There is a small amount of air in this space in the tube Q.
The density of mercury is 13.6 x 10 kg/m3. The gravitational force on a mass of
1.00kg is 10.0N.
Determine
i. the atmospheric pressure, in Pa, at that time.
ii. the pressure, in Pa, exerted by the air in the space at the top of tube Q

6. The tyres of a car are in contact with the ground over a total area 3.0 x 10 -2
m2. The total weight of the car is 6300N. Calculate the pressure exerted by the
tyres on the ground.
Why would you expect the temperature of the tyres to have risen after the car
has been in motion for some time?

MCQ Questions
1. Stiletto heels can exert great pressure mainly due to

a. the large force acting on it


b. the small force acting on it
c. its large surface area
d. its small surface area
2. Which of the following places has the highest atmospheric pressure?
a. on the top of a hill
b. in a cable car
c. on the roof top of a tall building
d. at the bottom of the sea
3. Wind blows
a. from areas of high atmospheric pressure to low pressure areas
b. from areas of low atmospheric pressure to high pressure areas
c. only at areas above normal atmospheric pressure
d. only at areas below normal atmospheric pressure
4. The pressure in a liquid decreases with

a. increase in surface area


b. decrease in surface area
c. increase in depth
d. decrease in depth
5. A simple barometer filled with water has to have a minimum length of
a. 1cm
b. 10cm
c. 10m
d. 100m
6. A block of wood measuring 6m by 3m by 0.5m is placed on a table. If the mass of the block of wood is 4500kg,
what is the pressure on the table due to the block? take gravitational force acting on a mass of 1kg to be 10N
a. 2500Pa
b. 5000Pa
c. 9000Pa
d.22500Pa
7. A man stands on snow wearing a pair of skis. The total mass of the man is 60kg and each of the skis has an area of
0.2m2 in contact with the snow. A 1kg mass has a gravitational force of 10N acting on it. What pressure does the man
exert on the snow?
a. 15N/m2
b. 30N/m2
c. 1500N/m2
d. 3000N/m2
8. Which of the following does not cause the height of the mercury column of a simple mercury barometer to
vary?
a. changes in atmospheric pressure
b. changes in temperature of the mercury
c. changes in the value of g
d. evaporation of mercury from the barometer reservoir
e. leakage of air into the tube
9. In which of the following examples is the greatest pressure exerted?
a. a barefooted person standing on the beach
b. a brick resting on the ground
c. a book resting on a table
d. an elephant standing on the ground
e. a knife cutting a piece of meat
10. A tank 3 m long, 1 m wide, and 0.5 m deep is filled with oil which weighs 12 000 N. What is the pressure on the
base of the tank due to the oil?
a. 4000 Pa
b. 6000 Pa
c. 8000 Pa
d. 18 000 Pa
e. 24 000 Pa
11. Water of depth 10m exerts a pressure equal to atmospheric pressure. An air bubble rises to the surface of a
lake which is 20m deep. When the bubble reaches the surface, its volume is 6cm 3. What was the volume of the air
bubble at the bottom of the lake?
a. 2cm3
b. 3cm3
c. 12cm3
d. 18cm3

12. A rigid tank containing air at atmospheric pressure has a capacity of 5000 cm3. A bicycle hand pump with a capacity of
500cm3 is used to pump more air into the rigid container. Given that the hand pump is pumped twice to push two tubes of air
into the tank, what is the final air pressure in the tank? (take atmospheric pressure as 100 000 Pa)
a. 100 000 Pa
b. 120 000 Pa
c. 500 000 Pa
d. 1 000 000 Pa
13. Oxygen can be supplied to a fish tank by bubbling air into the water. What happens to the pressure and the volume of air
bubbles while they are rising?
a.

pressure

volume

decreases

decreases

b.

decreases

increases

c.

increases

decreases

d.

increases

increases

14. The rudder of a large ship is operated hydraulically. Oil at high pressure exerts a force F on a piston that in turn moves a
lever arm.

The oil is at a pressure of 500kPa and the surface area of the piston is 0.20m2. What is the size of F?
a. 100N
b. 2500N
c. 100 000N
d. 250 000N
15. A manometer contains water and a liquid X. The two liquids do not mix. The pressure at level P in the water is equal to the
pressure at level P in liquid X. The density of water is 1000 kg/m3. What is the density of liquid X?

a. 500 kg/m3
b. 800 kg/m3
c. 1250 kg/m3
d. 2000 kg/m3

MCQ Answers
1. d
2. d

3. a
4. d
5. c
6. a
7. c
8. d
9. d
10. a
11. a
12. b
total vol of air at atm = 5000 + (2 x 500) = 6000cm3
P1V1 = 100 000 x 6000
Vol of air in rigid container after pumping 2 tubes of air into it = 5000cm 3
P2V2 = P2 x 5000
P1V1 = P2V2
100 000 x 6000 = P2 x 5000
P2 = 120 000 Pa
13. b
14. c
15. b

Structured Question Worked Solutions


1. The figure shows a mercury barometer on a day when the atmospheric pressure is 750mmHg. What is the
pressure at point B, at the bottom of the mercury reservoir?

Solution
Pressure = 750 + 80 = 830 mmHg
2. The figure shows a manometer with limbs of cross-sectional area of 0.0015m 2. It contains a liquid which exerts
a pressure of 5000Nm-3. Calculate
i. the volume of liquid between the levels PQ and RS in the left-hand tube
ii. the weight of the volume of liquid in i.
iii. the excess pressure, in Nm-2, of the gas supply above the surrounding atmospheric pressure

Solution
i. volume = 0.0015 x 0.5 = 0.00075m3
ii. weight = 0.00075 x 5000 = 3.75N
iii. pressure = 3.75/0.00015 = 2500Nm-2
3. When a block of metal of mass 1.2kg stands on a horizontal surface, the area of contact between the block and
the surface is 8.0cm2. Assuming that the force of gravity acting on a mass of 1kg is 10N, calculate the pressure
exerted by the block on the surface.
Solution
pressure = force/area = (1.2 x 10)/8 = 1.5Nm-2
4. The figure shows a U-tube manometer connected to a gas cylinder of large volume. The atmospheric pressure is 76cm of mercury.

ai. What is the pressure at A in the right-hand tube?


aii. What is the pressure at B in the left-hand tube?
b. The tap is opened and mercury is run out until the level in the left-hand tube drops to the 60cm mark.
i. assuming that the pressure in the gas cylinder remains constant, what is the new position of the level in the right-hand tube?
ii. Explain how you arrived at your answer.

Solution
ai. 76cmHg. (because A is exposed to the atmosphere so it experiences atmospheric pressure)

aii. 106cmHg (because the pressure at B equals the point in line with it in the other tube. The pressure there is atmospheric pressure + pressure due to the column of mercury) = 76 + 30
bi. The new position in the right-hand tube is at the 30cm mark
bii. The pressure of the gas cylinder remains the same, hence the difference between the levels of mercury in A and B remains constant. Since B drops by 20cm, A likewise will drop by 20cm from the 10cm mark
to the 30cm mark.

5. The figure shows two vertical tubes P and Q, each closed at the upper end. The pressure in the space above
the mercury meniscus in tube P is negligibly small. There is a small amount of air in this space in the tube Q.
The density of mercury is 13.6 x 10 kg/m3. The gravitational force on a mass of 1.00kg is 10.0N.
Determine
i. the atmospheric pressure, in Pa, at that time.
ii. the pressure, in Pa, exerted by the air in the space at the top of tube Q

Solution

i. Atmosphere pressure = hpg = (75.0/100)(13.6 x 103)(10.0) = 1.02 x 105 Pa


ii. air pressure at top of tube Q = atmospheric pressure - liquid pressure due to 60.0cm of mercury
= 1.02 x 105 - (60.0/100)(13.6 x 103)(10.0)
= 2.04 x 104 Pa
6. The tyres of a car are in contact with the ground over a total area 3.0 x 10 -2 m2. The total weight of the car is
6300N. Calculate the pressure exerted by the tyres on the ground.
Why would you expect the temperature of the tyres to have risen after the car has been in motion for some time?
Solution
Pressure exerted by the tyres = weight/area = 6300/3.0 x 10-2 = 210 000 N/m2
The temperature of the tyres rises because the work done in overcoming friction with the road is transformed to heat energy

Applications of Atmospheric Pressure


(i) Drinking straw
When we suck through a straw, the air pressure in the straw is
lowered. Then the pressure of the atmosphere acting on the
surface of the drink in the glass pushes the water up the straw
and into our mouth.
(ii) Rubber sucker
When the sucker is pressed into place, most of the air behind
it is squeezed out. The sucker is held in position by the pressure
of atmosphere on the outside surface of the rubber. If the seal between
the sucker and the surface is airtight , the sucker will stick permanently.
(iii) Syringe
Pulling up the piston reduces the atmospheric pressure

inside the cylinder. The atmospheric pressure on the liquid surface


then pushes the liquid up into the syringe. If we then hold the plunger
in place and lift the syringe out of liquid , none will fall out.
This is again due to atmospheric pressure.

(iv)Vacuum cleaner
A vacuum cleaner produces only a partial vacuum.
The fan inside the cylinder blows air out of the vents.
Which less air inside, the air pressure there drops.
The atmospheric pressure outside then pushes air up
the cleaner hose ,carrying dust and dirt with it.

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