1.1 Prob Sheet Energy Analysis of Closed Systems

ENERGY ANALYSIS OF CLOSED SYSTEMS
Basic Processes
Boundary Work fo r a Constant-Volume Process
1.A rigid tank contains air at 5 0 0 kPa and 150C. As a result of heat transfer to the
surroundings, the temperature and pressure inside the tank drop to 65C and 4 0 0 kPa,
respectively. Determine the boundary work done during this process.
Boundary Work for a constant - Pressure Process
2. The volume of 1 kg of helium in a piston-cylinder device is initially 7 m 3. Now helium is

compressed to 3 m3 while its pressure is maintained constant at 150 kPa. Determine the initial
and final temperatures of helium as well as the work required to compress it, in kJ ( R = 2.0769
KJ/Kg.K )
Boundary Work for a constant -Temperature Process
3. Calculate the total work, in kJ, produced by the isothermal process of Fig. when the system
consists of 3 kg of oxygen.
4. A mass of 2.4 kg of air at 150 kPa and 12C is contained in a gas-tight, frictionless pistoncylinder device. The air is now compressed to a final pressure of 600 kPa. During the process,
heat is transferred from the air such that the temperature inside the cylinder remains constant.
Calculate the work input during this process.
Boundary Work for a Polytropic Process
5. A piston-cylinder device initially contains 0.07 m3 of nitrogen gas at 130 kPa and 120C. The
nitrogen is now expanded polytropically to a state of 100 kPa and 100C. Determine the
boundary work done during this process. ( R = 0.2968 KJ/Kg.K )
6. During some actual expansion and compression processes in piston-cylinder devices, the gases
have been observed to satisfy the relationship PVn = C, where n and C are constants. Calculate
the work done when a gas expands from 350 kPa and 0.03 m3 to a final volume of
0.2 m3 for the case of n = 1.5.
7. A piston-cylinder device initially contains 0.07 m3 of nitrogen gas at 130 kPa and 180C. The
nitrogen is now expanded to a pressure of 80 kPa polytropically with a polytropic exponent
1
whose value is equal to the specific heat ratio (called isentropic expansion). Determine the final
temperature and the boundary work done during this process. ( R = 0.2968 KJ/Kg.K ), =1.395
8. A piston-cylinder device contains 0.15 kg of air initially at 2 MPa and 350C. The air is first
expanded isothermally to 500 kPa, then compressed polytropically with a polytropic exponent of
1.2 to the initial pressure, and finally compressed at the constant pressure to the initial state.
Determine the boundary work for each process and the net work of
the cycle.
Specific Heats
9. 1-kg of oxygen is heated from 20 to 120C. Determine the amount of heat transfer required
when this is done during a (a) constant-volume process and (b) isobaric process.
( Properties The specific heats of oxygen at the average temperature of
(20+120)/2=70C=343 K are cp = 0.927 kJ/kgK and cv = 0.667 kJ/kgK )
Application of First Law for Closed System

10. Consider a piston-cylinder device that contains nitrogen gas as the system. Initially, the
system is at 1 MPa and 427C. It now undergoes an isobaric process until its temperature
is 27C. Determine the final pressure and the heat transfer, in kJ/kg, associated with this process.
Cp = 1.039
11. A closed system containing 2-kg of air undergoes an isothermal process from 600 kPa and
200C to 80 kPa.Determine the initial volume of this system, the work done,
and the heat transfer during this process.
12. A piston-cylinder device containing argon gas as the system undergoes an isothermal process
from 200 kPa and 100C to 50 kPa. During the process, 1500 kJ of heat is transferred to the
system. Determine the mass of this system and the amount of work produced.
( R = 0 .2081 )
13. Argon is compressed in a polytropic process with n = 1.2 from 120 kPa and 10C to 800 kPa
in a piston-cylinder device. Determine the work produced and heat transferred during this
compression process, in kJ/kg. ( R=0.2081 , Cv = 0.3122 )
14. A piston-cylinder device, with a set of stops on ''O the top, initially contains 3 kg of air at 200
kPa and 27C. Heat is now transferred to the air, and the piston rises until it hits the stops, at
which point the volume is twice the initial volume. More heat is transferred until the pressure
inside the cylinder also doubles. Determine the work done and the amount of heat transfer for
this process. Also, show the process on a P-v diagram
15. Air is contained in a cylinder device fitted with a piston- cylinder. The piston initially rests on
a set of stops, and a pressure of 300 kPa is required to move the piston. Initially, the air is at 100
kPa and 27C and occupies a volume of 0.4 m3. Determine the amount of heat transferred to the
air, in kJ, while increasing the temperature to 1200 K. Assume air has
constant specific heats evaluated at 300 K.
16. Air is contained in a piston-cylinder device at 600 kPa and 927C, and occupies a volume of
0.8 m3. The air undergoes and isothermal (constant temperature) process until the pressure in
reduced to 300 kPa. The piston is now fixed in place and not allowed to move while a heat
transfer process takes place until the air reaches 27C. (a) Sketch the system showing the
energies crossing the boundary and the P-V diagram for the combined processes.
(b) For the combined processes determine the net amount of heat transfer, in kJ, and its direction.
Assume air has constant specific heats evaluated at 300 K.
17. An ideal gas contained in a piston-cylinder device undergoes an isothermal compression
process which begins with an initial pressure and volume of 100 kPa and 0.6 m3, respectively.
During the process there is a heat transfer of 60 kJ from the ideal gas to the surroundings.
Determine the volume and pressure at the end of the process.
18. A piston-cylinder device contains helium gas initially at 150 kPa, 20C, and 0.5 m3. The
helium is now compressed in a polytropic process (PVn = constant) to 400 kPa and 140C.
Determine the heat loss or gain during this process.
19. Nitrogen gas is expanded in a polytropic process with n = 1.45 from 2 MPa and 1200 K to
200 kPa in a piston cylinder device. How much work is produced and heat is transferred during
this expansion process, in kJ/kg?
20. A frictionless piston-cylinder device and a rigid tank initially contain 12 kg of an ideal gas
each at the same temperature, pressure, and volume. It is desired to raise the temperatures of both
systems by 15C. Determine the amount of extra heat that must be supplied to the gas in the
cylinder which is maintained at constant pressure to achieve this result. Assume the molar mass
of the gas is 25.

1.1 Prob Sheet Energy Analysis of Closed Systems

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

1.1 Prob Sheet Energy Analysis of Closed Systems

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

1.1 Prob Sheet Energy Analysis of Closed Systems

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ENERGY ANALYSIS OF CLOSED SYSTEMS

2. The volume of 1 kg of helium in a piston-cylinder device is initially 7 m 3. Now helium is

Application of First Law for Closed System

You might also like