Designation: B100 13

Standard Specification for

Wrought Copper-Alloy Bearing and Expansion Plates and

Sheets for Bridge and Other Structural Use1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B100; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope*

E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for

the Determination of Chemical Composition
E478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys

1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for

wrought copper-alloy bearing plate and bearing sheets for
application in bridges and other structures. Specifically, the
plates and sheets are to be used for fixed or expansion bearings
where the motion is slow and intermittent with pressures not
exceeding 3 ksi (20 MPa).

3. General Requirements
3.1 The following sections of Specification B248 constitute
a part of this specification:
3.1.1 Terminology,
3.1.2 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance,
3.1.3 Sampling,
3.1.4 Number of Tests and Retests,
3.1.5 Specimen Preparation,
3.1.6 Test Methods,
3.1.7 Significance of Numerical Limits,
3.1.8 Inspection,
3.1.9 Rejection and Rehearing,
3.1.10 Certification,
3.1.11 Test Reports,
3.1.12 Packaging and Package Marking, and
3.1.13 Supplementary Requirements.

1.2 UnitsValues stated in inch-pound units are to be

regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:2
B248 Specification for General Requirements for Wrought
Copper and Copper-Alloy Plate, Sheet, Strip, and Rolled
Bar
B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E9 Test Methods of Compression Testing of Metallic Materials at Room Temperature
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
E54 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Special Brasses
and Bronzes (Withdrawn 2002)3
E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and
Copper Alloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)3

3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to one

of those referenced in 3.1 appears in this specification, it
contains additional requirements that supplement those appearing in Specification B248.
4. Terminology
4.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper
alloys, refer to Terminology B846.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Orders for product to this specification should include
the following information:
5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
5.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. designation (for example,
C51000),
5.1.3 Dimensions: length, width, thickness (Section 11 and
Table 1),
5.1.4 Quantity or weight for each size,
5.1.5 Temper (Section 8),
5.1.6 When product produced of Copper Alloy UNS No.
C61300 is to be used in applications requiring welding (Table
2, footnote B), and

1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.01 on Plate,
Sheet, and Strip.
Current edition approved April 1, 2013. Published April 2013. Originally
approved in 1935. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B100 08. DOI:
10.1520/B0100-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

B100 13
TABLE 1 Thickness and Weight Tolerances
Weight Tolerance,%

Ordered Weight lb/ft2 (kg/m2)A

Over

Ordered Thickness, in. (mm)

Under

Plates and Sheets 20 in. (508 mm) and Under in Width

4.5
3.5
Under 18 (3.18)
18 to 316 (3.18 to 4.76), excl
4
3
316 to 14 (4.76 to 6.35), excl
4
2.5
14 to 516 (6.35 to 7.94), excl
3.5
2.5
516 to 38 (7.94 to 9.52), excl
2.5
2.5
38 to 716 (9.52 to 11.1), excl
2.5
2.0
716 to 12 (11.1 to 12.7), excl
2.5
2.0
12 to 58 (12.7 to 15.9), excl
58 to 34 (15.9 to 19.0), excl
34 to 1 (19.0 to 25.4), excl
1 (25.4) or over
Plates and Sheets Over 20 in. (508 mm) in Width
5.0
5.0
All thicknesses

5.0 to 7.5 (24.4 to 36.6), excl

7.5 to 10.0 (36.6 to 48.8), excl
10.0 to 12.5 (48.8 to 61.0), excl
12.5 to 15.0 (61.0 to 73.2), excl
15.0 to 17.5 (73.2 to 85.4), excl
17.5 to 20.0 (85.4 to 97.6), excl
20 (97.6) or over

All weights

Thickness Tolerance, %
Over

Under

9
8
7
6
5
4.5
4B
3.5B
3B
2.5B
2.5B

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

10.0

For purposes of calculating weights, cross section, etc., the density of rolled phosphor bronze (Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C51000 and C51100) shall be taken as 0.320
lb/in.3 (8.86 g/cm3) and the density of rolled copper silicon alloy (Copper Alloy UNS No. C65500) as 0.308 lb/in.3 (8.53 g/cm3).
B
These Over thickness tolerances apply to plates and sheets 10 in. (254 mm) and under in width. For plates and sheets over 10 to 20 in. (254 to 508 mm), incl. in width
the Over thickness tolerances shall be as follows:
Ordered Thickness, in. (mm)......................Thickness Tolerance, Over, %
716 to 58 (11.1 to 15.9), excl....................4.5
58 to 34 (15.9 to 19.0), excl.......................4.0
34 (19.0) or over.......................................3.5

TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements

Composition %

Element
Copper (incl Silver)
Phosphorus
Tin
Silicon
Aluminum
Iron
Manganese
Zinc, max.
Lead, max.
Nickel, max.
Other named elements
A
B

C51000
remainder
0.030.35
4.25.8
...
...
0.10 max.
...
0.30
0.05
...
...

C51100

C61300

remainder
0.030.35
3.54.9
...
...
0.10 max.
...
0.30
0.05
...
...

remainder
0.015 max.
0.200.50
0.10 max.
6.07.5
2.03.0
0.20 max.
0.10
0.01
0.15A
B

C61400
remainder
0.015 max.
...
...
6.08.0
1.53.5
1.0 max.
0.20
0.01
...
...

C65500
remainder
...
...
2.83.8
...
0.8 max.
0.51.3
1.5 max.
0.05
0.6A
...

Ni value includes Co.

When the product is for subsequent welding applications and is so specified by the purchaser, chromium, cadmium, zirconium, and zinc shall each be 0.05 % max.

6.2.1 The product shall be manufactured by hot working,

cold working, and annealing processes as to produce a uniform
wrought structure in the finished product.
6.2.2 The product shall be hot or cold worked to the finished
size and subsequently annealed, when required, to meet the
temper properties specified.

5.1.7 When product is purchased for agencies of the U.S.

government (Section 10).
5.2 The following options are available under this specification and should be specified in the contract or purchase order
when required:
5.2.1 Heat identification or traceability (Section 6.1.2),
5.2.2 Certification (Specification B248), and
5.2.3 Test Report (Specification B248).

7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The material shall conform to the chemical requirements
prescribed in Table 2 for the Copper Alloy UNS No. designation specified in the ordering information.

6. Material and Manufacture

6.1 Material:
6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be cast bar, slab,
cake, billets, and so forth of Copper Alloy UNS No. C51000,
C51100, C61300, C61400, or C65500 of such purity and
soundness as to be suitable for processing into the products
prescribed herein.
6.1.2 In the event heat identification or traceability is
required, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.

7.2 These compositional limits do not preclude the presence

of other elements. By agreement between the manufacturer and
the purchaser, limits may be established and analysis required
for unnamed elements.
7.3 Copper, given as the remainder, may be taken as the
difference between the sum of results of all elements analyzed
and 100 %.

6.2 Manufacture:
2

B100 13
7.4 When all elements listed in Table 2 for the specified
Copper Alloy UNS No. designation are determined, the sum of
results shall be 99.5 % min except for C61300 which shall be
99.8 %.

11.3 Length tolerances for square sheared metal in all

widths 120 in. (3048 mm) and under shall be 6116 in. (1.56
mm). When tolerances are specified as all plus or all minus,
double the values given.

8. Temper

11.4 Length tolerances for sawed metal for all widths up to

and including 120 in. (3048 mm) shall be 614 in. (6.35 mm).
When tolerances are specified as all plus or all minus, double
the values given.

8.1 The temper of product furnished to this specification,

and as defined in Practice B601, shall be as follows:
UNS Alloy No.
C51000
C51100
C65500
C61300
C61400

Temper
H03 (34 hard)
H03 (34 hard)
H01 (14 hard)
M20 (as hot rolled) or 061 (annealed)
M20 (as hot rolled) or 061 (annealed)

11.5 Width tolerances for square sheared metal or sawed

metal for widths up to and including 120 in. (3048 mm) for all
thicknesses shall be 6116 in. (1.56 mm). When tolerances are
specified as all plus or all minus, double the values given.

9. Mechanical Property Requirements

12. Sampling

9.1 Product in final form shall conform to the requirements

of Table 3.
9.1.1 Product in plate form less than 34 in. (20 mm) in
thickness and product in sheet form shall conform to the tensile
requirements when tested in accordance with Test Method E8.
9.1.2 Product in plate form 34 in. (20 mm) or over in
thickness shall conform to either tensile or compression
requirements when tested in accordance with Test Method E8
or Test Method E9 respectively.
9.1.2.1 In case of dispute, Test Method E8 shall govern.
9.1.3 The properties of product over 18 in. (460 mm) in
width and over 34 in. (20 mm) in thickness shall be subject to
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

12.1 Other Tests:

12.1.1 Samples used for the preparation of tensile test
specimen shall be taken so that the longitudinal axis of such
specimen is parallel to the direction of rolling.
13. Number of Tests and Retests
13.1 Tests:
13.1.1 Chemical AnalysisChemical composition shall be
determined as the average of at least two replicate determinations of each specified element.
13.1.2 Other TestsTensile, compression and hardness test
results shall be reported as the average of results obtained from
at least two sample portions selected and each specimen must
meet the requirements of this specification.

10. Purchases for U.S. Government Agencies

13.2 Retests:
13.2.1 When requested by the manufacturer or supplier, a
retest shall be permitted should test results obtained by the
purchaser fail to conform with specification requirements.
13.2.2 Retesting shall be as directed in the product specification for the initial test(s), except that the number of test
specimens shall be twice that normally required for the test.
13.2.3 Test results for all specimens shall conform to the
product specification requirements in retest and failure to
conform shall be cause for lot rejection.

10.1 When identified in the contract or purchase order,

product purchased for agencies of the U.S. government shall
conform to the requirements stipulated in the Supplemental
Requirements section of Specification B248.
11. Dimensions, Mass and Permissible Variations
11.1 For the purpose of determining conformance with the
dimensional requirements prescribed in this specification, any
measured value outside the specified limiting values for any
dimensions may be cause for rejection.
11.2 The thickness of the plates and sheets may be specified
by weight per square foot (metre) or in common or decimal
fractions of an inch (millimetre). The plates and sheets shall
conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1 as to
tolerances in weight and thickness.

14. Specimen Preparation

14.1 Chemical Composition:
14.1.1 Preparation of the test specimen for chemical analysis shall be the responsibility of the reporting laboratory.
14.1.2 In case of dispute, the sample preparation shall be in
accordance with Practice E255.

TABLE 3 Mechanical Requirements

Tension
Tensile strength, min, ksi (MPa )
Elongation in 2 in. (50.8 mm), min, %
Compression
Yield strength (0.1 % offset) min, ksiA (MPaB )
Permanent set under 100 ksiA (690) MPaB )%
Hardness
Plates 14 in. (6.35 mm) and over in thickness,
Brinell, min
Plates under 14 in. (6.35 mm) in thickness,
Rockwell, min
A

A
B

14.2 Tensile:
14.2.1 The test specimens shall be prepared in accordance
with Test Method E8, Figs. 7 or 8. The longitudinal axis of the
specimen shall be parallel to the direction of rolling.

60 (415)
10
25 (170)
620

14.3 Compression:
14.3.1 The specimen shall be 1 in.2 (645 mm2) in crosssectional area and the height shall be the thickness of the plate
from which the sample is taken.

130 HB
75 HRB

14.4 Hardness:
14.4.1 The test specimen shall be of a size and shape to
permit testing by available test equipment and shall be taken to

ksi = 1000 psi.

See Appendix X1.

B100 13
from full size and machined specimens and they differ, the
results of the full size specimen shall be used.
15.2.1.1 Although a considerable range of testing speed in
permitted, the rate of stressing to yield strength should not
exceed 100 ksi/min (690 MPa/min). Above the yield strength,
the movement per minute of the testing machine head under
load should not exceed 0.5 in./in. (0.5 mm/mm) of gage length
(or distance between grips for full section specimens).
15.2.1.2 Elongation shall be determined as specified in the
first two subsections of the section Elongation of Test
Method E8.
15.2.2 Yield strength for compression requirements shall be
determined by successive application and releases of the load
until 0.1 % offset is determined.

permit testing in a plane parallel or perpendicular to the

direction of deformation given to the product.
14.4.2 The surface of the test specimen shall be sufficiently
smooth and even to permit the accurate determination of
hardness.
14.4.3 The test specimen shall be free from scale and
foreign matter and care shall be taken to avoid any change in
condition, for example, heating or cold working.
15. Test Methods
15.1 Chemical Analysis:
15.1.1 The following table is a list of published test
methods, some of which are considered by ASTM as no longer
viable. These and others not listed may be used subject to
agreement.
Element
Aluminum
Copper
Iron (0.003 to 1.25 %)
Iron (1.0 to 5.0 %)
Lead
Manganese
Nickel
Phosphorus
Silicon
Tin
Zinc

16. Rejection and Rehearing

Test Method
E478
E478
E478
E54
E478 (AA)
E62
E478 (Photometric)
E62
E54 (Sulfuric acid)
E478
E478 (AA)

16.1 RejectionRefer to Specification B248.

16.2 Rehearing:
16.2.1 When notified of product rejection, the manufacturer,
or supplier, may make claim for a retest to be conducted by the
manufacturer, or supplier, and the purchaser.
16.2.2 Samples of the rejected product shall be taken in
accordance with the product specification and tested by both
parties following the test method(s) specified in the product
specification, or alternatively, upon agreement of both parties,
an independent laboratory may be selected to perform the
testing following the specified test methods.

15.2 The product furnished shall conform to the mechanical

property requirements enumerated in this specification when
tested in accordance with the following appropriate method:
Test

Test Method

Tensile
Compression
Rockwell Hardness
Brinell Hardness

E8
E9
E18
E10

17. Keywords
17.1 bearing plates; bearing sheets; bridges; copper-alloy
plates; copper-alloy sheets; expansion bearing plates; expansion bearing sheets; structures ; UNS No. C51000; UNS No.
C51100; UNS No. C61300; UNS No. C61400; UNS No.
C65500

15.2.1 Tensile requirements shall be determined from full

size specimens when practical. Whenever results are obtained

APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. METRIC EQUIVALENTS

stress is the newton per square metre (N/m2), which has been
named the pascal (Pa) by the General Conference on Weights
and Measures. Since 1 ksi = 6 894 757 Pa the metric equivalents are expressed as megapascal (MPa), which is the same as
MN/m2 and N/mm2.

X1.1 The SI unit for strength properties now shown is in

accordance with the International System of Units (SI). The
derived SI unit for force is the newton (N), which is defined as
that force which when applied to a body having a mass of one
kilogram gives it an acceleration of one metre per second
squared (N = kgm/s2). The derived SI unit for pressure or

B100 13
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee B05 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (B100 08)
that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved April 1, 2013.)
(1) Changes were made in Section 15 regarding Test Methods
to be used.
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