E M Waves
E M Waves
E M Waves
com
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
physicswithikgogia
Page 1
www.physicsbeckons.wordpress.com
physicswithikgogia
Page 2
www.physicsbeckons.wordpress.com
physicswithikgogia
Page 3
www.physicsbeckons.wordpress.com
physicswithikgogia
Page 4
www.physicsbeckons.wordpress.com
physicswithikgogia
Page 5
www.physicsbeckons.wordpress.com
Properties:
1. Variations in both electric and magnetic fields are in same
phase. Hence both attain their maxima and minima
simultaneously and at same position as shown below..
physicswithikgogia
Page 6
www.physicsbeckons.wordpress.com
Page 7
www.physicsbeckons.wordpress.com
-10
m to 3.8 x 10
-7
m.
Frequency range
The gamma rays have a frequency range of 8 x 10
14
hz to 3 x
17
10 hz.
Source
They are emitted in electric discharge through gaseous
atoms and molecules are present in solar radiations.
Uses
Medical applications
Sterilization
Killing bacteria and germs in food stuff
Detection of invisible writing
Detection of forged documents
Study of finger prints
4. LIGHT WAVES OR VISIBLE SPECTRUM
WAVELENGTH RANGE
THEY occupy a band between infrared and uv waves.
THEIR WAVELENGTH RANGE IS 7.8 x 10-7 m to 3.8 x 10-7 m
frequency Range
The light waves have a frequency range of 4 x 1014 Hz to 8 x
1014 Hz.
Source
They are produced by excited Atoms and molecules & Black
bodies.
Uses: Optics and Optical Instruments
Vision and photography
Decorative lighting
physicswithikgogia
Page 8
www.physicsbeckons.wordpress.com
-3
m.
14
3 X 10 Hz TO 4 X 10 Hz.
Source
They are emitted by Molecules
Hot bodies
Are present in solar radiations.
Uses
In Industry
Medicine
Astronomy
Night vision devices Green house Revealing secret writings on ancient
walls.
6. Micro waves
Wavelength range
THEY occupy a band between infrared and radiowaves.
Their wavelength range is 7.8 x 10-7 m TO 10-3 m.
Frequency range
The microwaves have a frequency range of
3 X 1011 hz TO 4 X 1014 hz.
Source
They are emitted molecules
Hot bodies
Are present in solar radiations.
Uses
In industry
Medicine
Astronomy
Night vision devices
Green house
Revealing secret writings on ancient walls.
physicswithikgogia
Page 9
www.physicsbeckons.wordpress.com
7. Radio Wave
WAVELENGTH RANGE
THEIR WAVELENGTH RANGE IS 0.3 m to A few km.
THEY occupy a band between microwaves and power frequencies.
frequency Range
The radio waves have a frequency range of 109 Hz to 3 x 1011 Hz .
Source
They are produced by Oscillating electronic circuits.
Uses
Radar
mobile telephony
analysis of atomic and molecular structure
Microwave ovens for cooking.
Sample Problems
Q1.In a plane em wave, the electric field oscillates sinusoidally at a
frequency of 2.0 1010 Hz and amplitude of 48 Vm1.
(a) What is the wavelength of the wave?
(b) What is the amplitude of the oscillating magnetic field?
(c) Show that the average energy density of the electric field equals the
average energy density of the magnetic field. [c = 3 108 ms1]
Q2.What is the nature of waves used in photography during
physicswithikgogia
Page 10
www.physicsbeckons.wordpress.com
Apllications of microwaves:
(i) Used in microwave ovens for cooking, baking, grilling.
(ii) Used in Radar and microwave communication links.
Q4.Name the electromagnetic radiations which are produced
when high energy electrons are bombarded on a metal target.
Ans. X-rays.
Name the electromagnetic radiations having the wavelength
range from 1 mm to 700 nm. Give its two important
applications.
Ans. The radiations are called Infrared radiations.
Applications
(i) Used to relieve muscular pain in human body.
(ii) Used for cooking/remote control devices.
physicswithikgogia
Page 11