Design and Performance Evaluation of Skew-Planar Antenna For UAV Application 2.4 GHZ Band
Design and Performance Evaluation of Skew-Planar Antenna For UAV Application 2.4 GHZ Band
Design and Performance Evaluation of Skew-Planar Antenna For UAV Application 2.4 GHZ Band
4 GHz band
Ardhian Ainul Yaqin , Teguh Prakoso, S.T., M.T., Ph.D.
Departement of Electrical Engineering
Diponegoro University
Semarang, Indonesia
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract Skew-planar antenna has a circular polarization
and an omnidirectioal radiation pattern which could be applied
on UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) antenna for covering all
flight manuver angles to minimize signal loss between airplane
and ground station controller. The Antenna has been designed
using CST Studio suite and the antenna skew-planar simulation
result has -47.067 dB s11, 1.0089 VSWR on resonance frequency
2.47 GHz, 400MHz bandwidth with 110.9 beamwidth on 2.4-2.5
GHz. Antenna simulation results for all flight angles are applied
and compared to several communication systems using Xbee
Zigbee and FrySky DJT 2.4 GHz telemetry transmitter module
bassed on link budget calculation of signal availability on
maximum distance.
Keywords Skew-planar antenna, UAV, link budget,
I.
INTRODUCTION
II.
A. Antenna Dimension
As shown as Figure 1 and figure 2, dimension of skewplanar antena consist of 4 elements antena tilted for several
degrees and connected to inner conductor and outer
conductor of coaxial cable for every element antena where Lb
is the length of straight element antena, La is the length of
curve element antena wich is the combination of La and Lb
make and Lc is length of coaxial cable, S is the gap
between connected antenna element inner conductor and outer
conductor of coaxial cable, D is diameter of cooper wire
(2)
Free space loss :
(3)
III.
LINK BUDGET
Communication
system
Xbee zigbee s2c
Xbee Pro zigbee s2c
Xbee 802.15.4
Xbee Pro 802.15.4
Xbeee Digimesh 2.4
Xbeee Pro Digimesh
2.4
Xbee wifi
DJT Fry Sky telemetry
Power transmit
(dBm)
8
18
0
0
0
demodulator
sensitivity (dBm)
-102
-101
-92
-100
-92
18
16
17,78
-100
-93
-98
IV.
CONCLUSION
[5]
[6]
TABLE 3.POWER BUDGET FOR TRANSMITTER SYSTEM XBEE PRO ZIGBEE S2C
Elavation
0
15
30
45
dBi
dBi
dBm
dBm
1,98
2,1
18
17,88
1,402
2,1
18
17,302
0,388
2,1
18
16,288
-0,23
2,1
18
15,67
60
75
90
-2,029
2,1
18
13,871
-7,025
2,1
18
8,875
-103,04
2,1
18
-87,14
75
-9,7629
3,5
0
-13,2629
0,19
-101
90
-38,396
3,5
0
-41,896
0,19
-101
-100,81
-100,81
TABLE 4. POWER BUDGET FOR RECEIVER SYSTEM XBEE PRO ZIGBEE S2C
Calculation of max distance for signal availibility 99,9% on receiver system with cloverleaf antenna
o
Elevation
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
Maximum total loss
dB 117,024 115,6265 112,4389 109,8584 106,1708 96,4221 -28,226
Large Scale fading
M1 dB
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Small scale fading
M2 dB
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
Free space path loss
L
dB 111,024 109,6265 106,4389 103,8584 100,1708 90,4221 -34,226
Maximum distance
R
km
3,56
3,03
2,10
1,56
1,02
0,33
0,00
TABLE 6. COMPARASION OF MAXIMUM DISTANCE CALCULATION
Communication
sistem
Xbee zigbee s2c
Xbee Pro zigbee s2c
Xbee 802.15.4
Xbee Pro 802.15.4
Xbeee Digimesh 2.4
Xbeee Pro Digimesh 2.4
Xbee wifi
DJT Fry Sky telemetry
Km
Km
Km
Km
Km
Km
Km
Km
0
1,26
3,56
0,16
0,40
0,16
3,17
1,12
2,45
15
1,07
3,03
0,14
0,34
0,14
2,70
0,96
2,09
30
0,74
2,10
0,09
0,24
0,09
1,87
0,66
1,45
Angle
45
0,55
1,56
0,07
0,17
0,07
1,39
0,49
1,08
60
0,36
1,02
0,05
0,11
0,05
0,91
0,32
0,70
75
0,12
0,33
0,01
0,04
0,01
0,30
0,10
0,23
90
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00
0,00