The Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology: Chapter 11 Practice Te...

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Blood flows from the right ventricle into

the ___________.

pulmonary trunk

pulmonary trunk
superior vena cava
pulmonary veins
coronary artery
right atrium
Blood returning from the pulmonary
circuit of the circulatory system enters
the _______ of the heart.

left atrium

right atrium
right ventricle
sinus venosus
left ventricle
left atrium

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Which of the following is/are not a

vein(s) which ultimately drains into the
inferior vena cava (IVC)?
Great saphenous vein.
Basilic vein.
Hepatic veins.
Common iliac veins.
Basilic and hepatic veins.
Heart muscle is also called _________.

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Basilic vein.
This is a superficial vein, which drains
the medial aspect of the arm and
empties into the brachial vein,
ultimately emptying into the superior
vena cava (SVC).

myocardium

endothelium
endocardium
epicardium
myocardium
visceral pericardium
The correct sequence of parts that
function to carry cardiac impulses is:

SA Node - AV Node - Atrioventricular

bundle - Purkinje fibers.

AV Node - SA Node - Purkinje fibers

-Atrioventricular bundle.
AV Node - Atrioventricular bundle Purkinje fibers - SA Node.
SA Node - Purkinje fibers - AV Node Atrioventricular bundle.
SA Node - AV Node - Atrioventricular
bundle - Purkinje fibers.
Atrioventricular bundle - SA Node - AV
Node - Purkinje fibers.
The cusps of the atrioventricular (AV)
valves are anchored to the papillary
muscles by the:

chordae tendineae.

chordae tendineae.
coronary sinus.
fossa ovalis.
intercalated discs.
pericardium.

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The layer of serous membrane that

covers the heart and lies closest to the
sternum is the ________.

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parietal pericardium

endocardium
epicardium
myocardium
parietal pericardium
visceral pericardium
The mitral valve is on the same side of
the heart as the _________________.

aortic semilunar valve

superior vena cava

tricuspid valve
pulmonary semilunar valve
opening of the coronary sinus
aortic semilunar valve
The product of the stroke volume and
the heart rate is known as the
___________.
blood pressure
cardiac output
cardiac reserve
end-diastolic volume
end-systolic volume
The ____ valve consists of two flaps of
____.

cardiac output
Cardiac output is the amount of blood
pumped out by the heart every minute,
and is calculated as number of heart
beats/minute multiplied by the stroke
volume.

mitral, endocardium

mitral, epicardium
tricuspid, endocardium
mitral, endocardium
pulmonary semilunar valve (PSLV),
endocardium
aortic semilunar valve (ASLC),
endocardium

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The tricuspid valve prevents the

backflow of blood from the
_________________.

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right ventricle to the right atrium

left ventricle to the left atrium

right atrium into the left atrium
pulmonary trunk to the right ventricle
right ventricle to the right atrium
right ventricle to the pulmonary arch
The umbilical vein carries/passes:

oxygen and foods from the placenta to

the fetus.

metabolic wastes and carbon dioxide

from the fetus to the placenta.
oxygen and foods from the fetus to the
placenta.
from the navel directly into the inferior
vena cava.
oxygen and foods from the placenta to
the fetus.
What is the circulatory route that runs
from the digestive tract to the liver
called?
Coronary circuit.
Hepatic portal system.
Pulmonary circuit.
Renal portal system.
Systemic circuit.
At the arterial end of a capillary, blood
pressure is ____ than osmotic pressure,
and fluid flows ____ the capillary.

Hepatic portal system.

A portal system is a system of blood
vessels that begin in capillaries and end
in capillaries without passing through
the heart. The hepatic portal system
begins in the capillaries in the digestive
tract wall and ends in the capillaries in
the liver.
more, out of

less, into
less, out of
more, out of
more, into
equal, through

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Name the conductile tissue in the heart

located on the posterior wall of the right
atrium that has the highest rate of
depolarization in the heart.
Medulla oblongata.
Atrioventricular (AV) node.
Sinoatrial (SA) node.
Cranial nerve X - Vagus nerve.
What portion of the ECG indicates
ventricular repolarization?

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Sinoatrial (SA) node.

The SA node is made of specially
modified heart muscle cells, which send
out rhythmic impulses that initiate each
heartbeat, and hence set the pace for the
whole heart.

T wave.

P wave.
QRS complex.
R spike.
T wave.
P-Q interval.
What is the specific name of the tissue
that lines all the chambers of the heart?

Endocardium.

Endothelium.
Endocardium.
Simple cuboidal epithelium.
Simple squamous epithelium.

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When listening to the heart sounds

(frequently given as "lub-dup"),
__________.

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the first sound is caused by closure of

the AV valves, the second by closure of
the semilunar valves

the first sound is caused by closure of

the tricuspid valve, the second by
closure of the mitral valve
the first sound is caused by closure of
the mitral valve, the second by closure of
the tricuspid valve
both sounds are caused by contraction of
the ventricles, followed by contraction of
the atria
the first sound is caused by closure of
the AV valves, the second by closure of
the semilunar valves
the first sound is caused by contraction
of the Purkinje fibers, the second by
contraction of the papillary muscles
Which of the following fetal structures
carries the most oxygenated blood?

Umbilical vein.

Ductus arteriosus.
Umbilical arteries.
Ductus venosus.
Foramen ovale.
Umbilical vein.
You are not an athlete and you are not
physically fit. If you suddenly partake in
physical exercise, then the increased
demands of such vigorous exercise on
your body are met primarily by:

increased heart rate.

The heart rate greatly increases when
special demands are imposed upon the
heart.

increased stroke volume.

increased heart rate.
increased blood volume.
All of the above.
increased heart rate and blood volume.

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Blood exits the left ventricle in which of

the following blood vessels?

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Aorta.

Pulmonary trunk.
Coronary arteries.
Pulmonary vein.
Aorta.
Superior vena cava.
Compared to an artery, the wall of a vein
differs in which of the following ways?

The middle tunic is thin.

It consists of three coats called tunics.

It is lined by a thin layer of endothelium.
It contains smooth muscle.
The middle tunic is thin.
Veins have an extra layer of muscle.
During fetal existence, the ____
connects the pulmonary trunk to the
aorta, allowing blood to bypass the fetal
lungs (which are nonfunctional).

ductus arteriosus
The ductus arteriosus connects the
pulmonary trunk to the aorta, allowing
blood to bypass the fetal lungs.

umbilical vein
ductus arteriosus
foramen ovale
umbilical artery
ductus venosus
Exchanges of nutrients, gases, wastes,
and other substances, between the blood
and tissue cells, occurs in __________.

capillaries

arteries
arterioles
capillaries
veins
venules

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Identify the final portion of the intrinsic

conduction system of the heart, which
transmits the wave of depolarization
over the ventricles, causing them to
contract from the heart apex toward the
atria.

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Purkinje fibers.

Atrioventricular bundle.
Atrioventricular node.
Bundle branches.
Purkinje fibers.
Sinoatrial node.
Most often, systemic arterial blood
pressure is measured in the ____ with
the auscultatory method, using a
stethoscope and sphygmomanometer.

brachial artery
Systemic arterial blood pressure is often
measured indirectly by the auscultatory
method in the brachial artery.

aorta
brachial artery
carotid artery
femoral artery
radial artery
Regarding homeostatic relationships
between the cardiovascular system and
other body systems, which of the
following picks up leaked fluid and
plasma proteins, and returns them to the
cardiovascular system?

Lymphatic system.

Urinary system.
Endocrine system.
Lymphatic system.
Respiratory system.

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What unique feature connects the

anterior and posterior blood supplies of
the brain, providing more than one
route for blood to reach brain tissue in a
given area?

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Circle of Willis.

Bundle branches.
Coronary circulation.
Ductus arteriosus.
Hepatic portal circulation.
Circle of Willis.
Various hormones and ions can have a
dramatic effect on heart activity. A
deficit of ____ ions, for example, causes
the heart to beat ____, and abnormal
heart rhythms occur.

potassium, feebly

calcium, excessively
potassium, excessively
magnesium, excessively
potassium, feebly
iron, excessively
Which of the following blood vessels is
NOT part of the systemic circulation?

Pulmonary arteries.

Aorta.
Carotid arteries.
Coronary arteries.
Inferior vena cava.
Pulmonary arteries.

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Which is the correct order of events

regarding operation of the
atrioventricular (AV) valves?
1 - Ventricles contract, forcing blood
against AV flaps.
2 - As the ventricles fill, AV flaps hang
limply into ventricles.
3 - Blood returning to the atria puts
pressure against AV valves, forcing them
open.
4 - Chordae tendineae tighten,
preventing valve flaps from everting into
the atria.
5 - AV valves close.
6 - Atria contract, forcing additional
blood into ventricles.

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3-2-6-1-5-4.

4-5-1-6-2-3.
3-6-2-1-5-4.
3-2-6-1-5-4.
3-6-2-5-1-4.
3-2-6-5-1-4.
Which of the following does NOT aid the
return of venous blood to the heart from
the lower extremities?

Gravity.

Valves in veins.
The skeletal muscle "pump."
The respiratory "pump."
Gravity.
The large lumens of veins.
What effect does the vagus nerve have
on the heart?

Slow steady heartbeat resulting in a

stronger heartbeat.

Slow steady heartbeat resulting in a

stronger heartbeat.
Increases heart rate by 25%.
None at all.
It kills the person instantly.

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Which of the following indicates atrial

depolarization in an electrocardiogram?

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P wave.

P wave.
QRS complex.
QT interval.
T wave.
PQ interval.
Which of the following is involved in
anchoring the AV valve flaps to the walls
of the ventricles?

Chordae tendineae.

Adhesions.
Cuspidors.
Chordae tendineae.
Fenestrations.
Purkinje fibers.
Which of the following is NOT true
during ventricular systole?

Semilunar valves close.

AV valves close.
Intraventricular pressure rises.
Semilunar valves close.
The atria are relaxed.
Chordae tendineae prevent AV valve
flaps from everting into the atria.
Which of the following would NOT
cause an increase in the heart rate?

Stimulation of the vagus nerve.

Exercise.
Sympathetic stimulation.
Stimulation of the vagus nerve.
Release of epinephrine into the blood.
An increase in body temperature.

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Which of the following would NOT lead

to an increase in cardiac output?

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A decrease in venous return.

An increase in stroke volume.

An increase in heart rate.
Release of epinephrine into the
bloodstream.
A decrease in venous return.
An increase in sympathetic stimulation.
Which of the following blood vessels
carries oxygen-rich blood?

Pulmonary veins.

Coronary sinus.
Inferior vena cava.
Pulmonary trunk.
Pulmonary veins.
Superior vena cava.
Which of the following blood vessels
returns blood to the left side of the
heart?

Pulmonary vein.

Aorta.
Coronary sinus.
Pulmonary arteries.
Pulmonary vein.
Superior vena cava.

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