Geotechnical Survey Report Final
Geotechnical Survey Report Final
Geotechnical Survey Report Final
TENDER DOCUMENTS
Volume 6 - Geotechnical investigations
(for information only)
Amman- Jordan
21 September 2015
Truly,
TRIPLE CORPORATION
Consultants Engineers
Eng. Talal Abu Baker
Partner
CONTENTS
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Purpose of Study
1.2
Scope of Work
1.3
Project Data
6
7
2.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.
4.
GENERAL GEOLOGY
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
7
8
8
8
8
9
5.
Fill Materials
Recent Sediments Formation
Basalt (Qb,Qb3,Qb2,Qb1)
Amman Silicified Limestone Formation (B2)
Wadi Ghudran Formation (B1)
Wadi Al Sir Formation (A7)
FIELD INVESTIGATION
5.1
5.2
5.3
Drilling of Boreholes
Tests Pits Excavation
Sampling
5.3.1 Sampling from Boreholes
5.3.2 Sampling from Tests Pits
9
10
11
11
11
5.4
Field Testing
5.4.1 Electrical Resistivity
11
11
6.
LABORATORY TESTS
12
7.
ENGINEERING ANALYSIS
7.1
Site Geology
19
19
7.2
19
19
22
24
24
24
7.3
7.4
Materials Properties
7.2.1
Materials Physical Properties
7.2.2
Materials Mechanical Properties
7.2.3
Materials Chemical Properties
Ground Water
Geological Features and Cavities
8.
24
24
25
25
26
27
27
28
9.
DRAINAGE
28
10.
FOUNDATION INSPECTION
28
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: General Vertical Section of geological formation along pipeline corridor
Table 2: Borehole Number, Coordinates, Depth of Boreholes
Table 3: Tests Pits Numbers, Coordinates and Depths
Table 4: Standard Test Procedures of Laboratory Testing
Table 5: Summary of Physical Laboratory test results of borehole
Table 5 : Summary of Physical Laboratory test results of tests pits
Table 6: Summary of Mechanical laboratory test results of borehole Samples
Table 6 : Summary of Mechanical laboratory test results of tests pits Samples
Table 7 : Summary of Chemical laboratory test results are of borehole Samples
Table 7: Summary of Chemical laboratory test results are of tests pits Samples
Table 8: Materials Physical Properties
Table 9: Materials Mechanical Properties
Table 10: Materials Chemical Properties
Table 11: Recommended Allowable Net Bearing Capacities
Table 12: Seismological Area 2A
Table 13: Recommended Lateral Earth Pressures Coefficients
Table 14: Results of Slope Stability Analysis
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
21
23
24
26
26
27
28
APPENDIX A
Figure 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 General Site Plan and profile
APPENDIX B
B.1 Logs of Borehole
B.2 Logs of Test bit
APPENDIX C
Electrical Resistivity
APPENDIX D
General Geological Map
Legend to Symbols Used
1.
INTRODUCTION
This investigation was carried out according to the scientific theories and
practical experiences in soil mechanics, foundation and engineering geology,
which considered essential background for safe and economic foundation
design.
1.1
Purpose of Study
The main purpose of this study is to determine the subsurface conditions at
the proposed project sites, to provide sufficient recommendations and
geotechnical parameters for suitable foundation design of the proposed
pipelines and reservoirs.
1.2
Scope of Work
This study was carried out according to the following sequential manner:
1. Studying all available maps and information concerning the site and the
proposed project.
2. Conducting site visits to collect information regarding the geology of
the site area, present land use and surface drainage.
3. Drilling of the boreholes in accordance with your requirements and the
requirements of Jordanian Code of Practice, Site Investigation, volume
III, 1985.
4. Carry out electrical resistivity studies at the site area in accordance with
the contract requirements.
5. Analysis of field and laboratory tests results.
6. Conclusions and recommendations for the design and foundation
construction.
Khaw PS - Zaatry PS
Water Transmission Pipeline
2.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
According to the received information, the project is to be used for water supply
purposes. The project consists of ductile iron pipelines with approximate length of
34Km from Khaw PS to Zaatry PS Jordan and concrete blending reservoir at
Zaatry PS. The approximate area of the reservoir is 900 m2.
3.
4.
GENERAL GEOLOGY
The general geology is based on the geological map issued by Natural Resources
Authority geological directorate AL-Zarqa Map No. (3254 III) and AL-Mafraq
(3254IV) scale 1:50 000.
The general geological setting in Jordan is considered a part of the Nubo-Arabian
shield consisting of Precambrian platonic and metamorphic basement rock over lain
by thick sequences of sedimentary rocks up to carbonate rocks, which belong to the
Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary.
These varieties in the type of the materials causing large varieties in mechanical
characteristics ranging from soft and very weak compressible marl to hard and
strong limestone. This variations some times causing troubles for civil engineering
due to the existence of fracturing, discontinuities, karst, caves, cavities in addition to
high degree of weathering and the type of infilling materials.
However, the complexity of sedimentary rocks means that an engineering structure
may be founded on two or more kinds of materials, each with significantly differed
strength and compressibility characteristics. Therefore any classification of rocks
must be related to the two engineering properties. The properties of the intact rock
specimen and the characteristics of the entire rock body
The geology of the site can be summarized as follows:
4.1 Fill Materials Formation
The investigated corridor is covered with fill materials composed of about 30cm
asphalted layer followed by gravel of limestone and marl with silty clay (
Embankment of the Road itself ).
This formation consists of massive white chalk. The formation was deposited in a
moderately deep- water pelagic environment.
Holocene
Pleistocene sediments
Pleistocene
FORMATION
GROUP
Pliocene
STAGE
Campanian
Belqa
Santonian Coniacian
Turoinan
For more details refer to general geological map illustrated in (Appendix D).
5.
FIELD INVESTIGATION
Site visits were made on September, 5-10th, 2015 to carry out geological survey for
the general site area, locating the boreholes test bits and electrical resistivity within
the proposed pipe line route and reservoir site, to obtain as much information as
possible about land use and drainage and to determine the expected methods of
sampling and field testing.
The boreholes numbered 1-28 were drilled to depths ranging between 5.0 and
10.0 m below the existing ground surface. The locations of the boreholes are
shown on (Appendix A, Figure 1-3).
The depth of each borehole is presented on the logs of boring, (Appendix B).
Borehole number, Coordinates and depth of each borehole are summarized in
(Table 2).
Table 2: Borehole Number, Coordinates, Depth of Boreholes.
BH No.
BH1
BH2
BH3
BH4
BH5
BH6
BH7
BH8
BH9
BH10
BH11
BH12
BH13
BH14
BH15
BH16
BH17
BH18
BH19
BH20
BH21
BH22
BH23
BH24
BH25
BH26
BH27
BH28
Location
Blending reservoir
Zaatry
Pipe Line
Coordinate
N
1192060
1192079
1192079
1192074
1192060
1166800
1166823
1166726
1168752
1168791
1170130
1171667
1172952
1175206
1177020
1178688
1180594
1182533
1184422
1186655
1187616
1189072
1189120
1190549
1192092
1192948
1192059
1192091
273582
273547
273568
273589
273562
260201
260183
260738
261579
261673
262640
263974
264538
265480
266108
266620
267236
267864
267774
266570
266837
267955
267999
269071
270209
271638
273483
273438
Depth
(m)
10
10
10
10
10
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Figure
NO.
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
10
The tests pits numbers, coordinates and depths are summarized in (Table 3).
Table 3: Tests Pits Numbers, Coordinates and Depths
Location
Coordinates
No.
E
N
TP1
262807
1170242
TP2
Depth (m)
0.2
265385
1174967
2.3
267200
1180368
3.0
TP4
266929
1185902
2.2
TP5
268526
1189836
1.8
TP6
271237
1193110
0.7
TP3
Pipe Line
The detailed geological descriptions for each test pit are presented on the logs of
tests pits (Appendix B).
5.3 Sampling
5.3.1 Sampling from Boreholes
It is our knowledge that sampling of disturbed soil samples depends on the geology
and the nature of the subsurface materials encountered during drilling.
Undisturbed samples were obtained using double tube core barrel. Disturbed
samples were obtained at intervals of low engineering interest using down the
whole hammer. The samples were examined and classified in the field by our
geotechnical engineer. After visual inspection, all samples were marked, placed in
waterproof plastic bags, placed in sequence in wooden boxes, and taken to our
laboratories for testing.
5.3.2 Sampling from Tests Pits
Representative bulk samples of 45 kg in weight were collected from each layer
encountered in the tests pits. The samples were logged, marked and transported to
our laboratories for testing.
5.4 Field Testing
5.4.1 Electrical Resistivity Test
Six electrical resistivity tests were carried out at specific locations .The detailed
results of the electrical resistivity measurements are presented in (Appendix C).
11
6.
LABORATORY TESTING
The Laboratory testing program was designed to evaluate the pertinent physical,
mechanical and chemical properties of the soil and rock units encountered at site.
The following tests were performed according to ASTM standards:
Table 4: Standard Test Procedures of Laboratory Testing.
Item Description
Sieve Analysis(including natural moisture
1
content)
Mechanical analysis by sedimentation for fine
2
materials (including natural moisture content)
Dry & Bulk Densities of Cemented and
3
Cohesive Soil
4
Specific Gravity
Unconfined Compression Strength Test for
Cohesive Soil Samples.
Point Load Index of Rock Sample
6
7
8
Standard
ASTM D 422/
ASTM D 2216
ASTM D 422 /
D1140
Submit
ASTM D 4318;
Method A
ASTM D854
ASTM D 2166
ISRM 1985
10
Compaction Tests
Determination of the California Bearing Ratio
(CBR)
Determination of Sulphate Content of Soil.
11
12
BS 1377; Part 3
ASTM D 1557
ASTM D 1883
Summary of Physical Laboratory test results of tests pits and borehole Samples
are presented in (Table 5 and Table 6).
Summary of Mechanical laboratory test results of tests pits and borehole Samples
are presented in (Table 6 and Table 8).
Summary of Chemical laboratory test results are of tests pits and borehole Samples
presented in (Table 7 and Table 10).
12
Hydrometer(%)
BH No.
Depth (m)
Materials Description
ASTM D 422
Dry density
Bulk
Density
ASTM D 4318
Specific
Gravity
ASTM C 182
W%
3""
No.4
No.10
No.40
No.200
4.75mm
2.0mm
425m
75m
Sand
Silt
Clay
LL
PL
PI
UCS
AASHTO
g/cm 3
g/cm 3
g/cm 3
BH1
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLAY
10.3
100
100.0
90.0
80.7
75.0
25.0
37.7
37.3
43.00
25.00
18.00
CL
A-7-6
1.641
1.830
2.609
BH2
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLAY
11.5
100
100.0
94.1
88.3
71.6
28.4
36.0
35.6
51.70
33.42
18.28
MH
A-7-6
1.695
1.890
2.711
BH3
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLAY
12.3
100.0
100.0
95.6
86.2
69.4
34.6
34.8
30.6
42.3
27.80
14.5
CL
A-7-6
1.541
1.730
2.723
BH4
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLALY
14.1
100.0
100.0
98.7
87.1
68.2
31.8
34.2
34.0
36.2
23.10
13.1
CL
A-6
1.630
1.860
2.711
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLAY
15.3
100.0
100.0
89.0
85.0
70.0
30.0
35.1
34.9
35.9
23.00
12.9
CL
A-6
1.509
1.740
2.619
8.0-9.50
BASALT
3.5
BH6
1.0-2.50
LIMESTONE
3.9
BH8
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLAY
13.5
100.0
100.0
91.0
87.2
71.2
28.8
35.8
35.4
39.7
23.60
16.1
CL
A-6
1.787
1.850
2.614
BH10
1.0-2.50
LIMESTONE
3.5
BH11
1.0-2.50
LIMESTONE
4.7
BH12
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLAY
9.9
100.0
100.0
90.0
88.1
70.5
29.5
35.4
34.1
36.0
22.90
13.1
CL
A-6
1.692
1.860
BH15
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLAY
10.5
100.0
100.0
95.0
83.0
68.2
31.8
34.2
34.0
37.80
23.20
14.60
CL
A-6
1.557
1.72
BH17
1.50-3.00
MARL
8.6
35.60
23.10
12.50
CL
1.886
BH20
1.50-3.00
MARL
9.8
36.00
22.00
14.00
CL
1.934
BH21
1.50-3.00
MARL
10.6
38.0
23.10
14.9
CL
1.882
BH22
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLAY
12.6
100.0
100.0
90.0
80.0
76.0
24.0
38.2
37.8
40.0
25.10
14.9
CL
A-6
1.569
1.820
BH23
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLAY
13.6
100.0
100.0
91.3
82.0
71.0
29.0
35.7
35.3
38.2
25.00
13.2
CL
A-6
1.689
1.882
BH25
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLAY
12.6
100.0
100.0
90.0
82.0
72.0
28.0
36.2
35.8
42.3
27.00
15.3
CL
A-7-6
1.589
1.889
BH27
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLAY
13.5
100.0
100.0
93.0
84.2
75.0
25.0
37.7
37.3
38.0
23.80
14.2
CL
A-6
1.655
1.875
BH28
1.0-2.50
SILTY CLAY
12.6
100.0
100.0
91.3
85.2
71.0
29.0
35.7
35.3
37.0
22.0
15.0
CL
A-6
1.622
1.855
BH5
16
13
2.745
Table 5 :Summary of Physical Laboratory Test Results of Excavated Tests Pits Samples
Seive Analysis
Hydrometer(%)
TP No.
Depth (m)
Materials Description
Dry density
Bulk
Density
ASTM D 4318
ASTM D 422
Specific
Gravity
ASTM C 182
W%
3""
No.4
No.10
No.40
No.200
4.75mm
2.0mm
425m
75m
Sand
Silt
Clay
LL
PL
PI
39.9
31.4
8.5
UCS
AASHTO
g/cm 3
g/cm 3
g/cm 3
A-6
1.641
1.830
2.609
TP-1
0.0-0.20
Fill Materials
10.3
71.6
51.2
46.3
36.8
32.0
TP-2
1.0-2.00
Silty Clay
11.5
100
100.0
94.1
88.3
71.6
28.4
36.0
35.6
51.70
33.42
18.28
MH
A-7-6
1.695
1.890
2.711
TP-3
1.00-2.00
Silty Clay
12.3
100.0
100.0
95.6
86.2
69.4
34.6
34.8
30.6
42.3
27.80
14.5
CL
A-7-6
1.541
1.730
2.723
0.50-1.00
Silty Clay
14.1
100.0
100.0
98.7
87.1
68.2
31.8
34.2
34.0
36.2
23.10
13.1
CL
A-6
1.630
1.860
2.711
1.50-2.00
MARL
10.6
38.0
23.10
14.9
CL
1.882
2.619
TP5
0.50-1.00
Silty Clay
3.5
100.0
100.0
90.0
88.1
70.5
29.5
35.4
34.1
36.0
22.90
13.1
CL
A-6
1.769
1.860
TP6
1.0-2.50
Silty Clay
3.9
100.0
100.0
95.0
83.0
68.2
31.8
34.2
34.0
37.80
23.20
14.60
CL
A-6
1.655
1.72
TP4
17
14
Triaxial(UU)
Consolidation Cc
BH No.
Depth (m)
Materials Description
Stress Kg/cm2
ASTM D 2166
BH1
1.0-1.50
Silty Clay
2.21
2.33
2.0-2.50
Silty Clay
2.34
2.41
8.-9.50
BASALT
260
Limestone
82.00
2.19
2
C(Kg/cm )
Strain %
ASTM D 2435
ASTM D 2850
0.07
0.651
16.4
0.476
19.63
0.530
17.8
BH5
BH6
BH8
1.0-1.50
Silty Clay
BH11
1.-1.50
Limestone
2.22
93
BH15
1.0-1.50
Silty Clay
1.98
2.08
BH20
1.50-2.00
MARL
2.03
2.23
BH21
1.50-2.00
MARL
2.12
2.49
BH22
1.50-2.00
Silty Clay
1.85
1.99
BH25
10.-1.50
Silty Clay
2.45
2.59
BH27
1.0-1.50
Silty Clay
2.34
2.51
BH28
1.0-1.50
Silty Clay
2.17
2.24
15
18
0.3
0.5
Table 6 :Summary of Mechanical Laboratory Test Results of Excavated Tests Pits Samples
Proctor
CBR
ASTM D 1557
TP No.
Depth (m)
Materials Description
Stress Kg/cm2
56 Blows
Strain %
ASTM D 2166
M.D.D (g/cm)
opt.W%
19.3
1.8
16.9
0.1"
0.2"
20.1
TP-1
0.0-0.20
Fill Materials
TP-2
1.0-2.00
Silty Clay
2.34
2.41
7.4
6.30
1.65
19.2
TP-3
1.00-2.00
Silty Clay
2.17
2.24
8.7
8.4
1.55
15.14
0.50-1.00
Silty Clay
2.45
2.59
6.4
5.8
1.655
17.15
1.50-2.00
MARL
2.03
2.23
TP5
0.50-1.00
Silty Clay
1.85
1.99
9.6
8.9
1.745
14.65
TP6
1.0-2.50
Silty Clay
1.98
2.08
5.4
4.8
1.65
15.45
TP4
19
16
Chemical Analysis
BH No.
Depth (m)
Materials description
So3 %
CL %
PH
BH1
1.0-2.50
Silty Clay
0.002
0.001
7.1
BH2
1.0-2.50
Silty Clay
0.018
0.002
6.8
BH3
1.0-2.50
Silty Clay
0.009
0.000
7.5
1.0-2.50
Silty Clay
0.010
0.001
7.6
8.0-9.50
BASALT
Nill
Nill
7.1
BH10
1.0-2.50
Limestone
Nill
Nill
7.3
BH11
1.0-2.50
Limestone
Nill
Nill
6.9
BH17
1.50-3.0
MARL
Nill
Nill
6.9
BH21
1.50-3.0
MARL
Nill
Nill
6.9
BH23
1.0-2.50
Silty Clay
0.017
0.001
6.8
BH25
1.0-2.50
Silty Clay
0.021
0.000
7.4
BH27
1.0-2.50
Silty Clay
0.019
0.001
7.2
BH28
1.0-2.50
Silty Clay
0.026
0.002
7.4
BH5
17
20
Chemical Analysis
TP No.
Depth (m)
Materials description
So3 %
CL %
PH
TP-1
0.0-0.20
Fill Materials
0.018
0.002
6.8
TP-2
1.0-2.00
Silty Clay
0.008
0.001
6.7
TP-3
1.00-2.00
Silty Clay
0.009
0.000
7.5
0.50-1.00
Silty Clay
0.010
0.002
7.3
1.50-2.00
MARL
Nill
Nill
6.9
TP5
0.50-1.00
Silty Clay
0.001
0.000
7.3
TP6
1.0-2.50
Silty Clay
0.019
0.001
7.2
TP4
21
18
7.
ENGINEERING ANALYSIS
7.1 Site Geology
The visual lithological description of the materials encountered in the boreholes
drilled and tests pits excavated disclosed general similarities. For more details
reference should be made to the individual logs of tests pits documented and
presented in (Appendix B).
The encountered subsurface materials consist of the following materials starting
from the existing ground surface:
1. Fill materials composed of asphalted layer followed by gravel of Limestone
and Chert with Silty Clay (Road Embankment).
2. Brown, moist, stiff to very stiff Silty Clay with gravel of
Chert.
Limestone and
3. Yellow, dry, very weak Marl, with patches of Clayey Marl and fragment of
limestone.
4. Interbedded thinly to thick layers of moderately strong Limestone, strong
Chert and very weak Marl.
5. Dark grey moderately strong, Basalt with pockets of Silty Clay and voids
7.2 Materials properties
Physical properties of the materials encountered were obtained from the
laboratory investigation program.
7.2.1
19
the soil. The results of the particle size distribution tests of the sand show the
proportions of different fractions in the soil mass
The POTENTIAL FOR EXPANSIVENESS of the clay soil was found by
plotting the plasticity indexes against the corresponding clay fractions on the
WILLIAMS and DONALDSONS, Modified Chart for Expansiveness
Physical properties obtained from the laboratory tests results for materials
encountered in boreholes are summarized in (Table 8).
20
No.
Type of Materials
Moisture
Content %
Bulk
Density
g/cm3
Specific
Gravity
g/cm3
Plasticity
Index
PI
Expansiveness
Recompacted
Permeability
cm/s
USCS /
AASHTO
1.
Dry
----
----
7.6-8.1
----
----
A-2-4
2.
Dry
1.72-1.889
2.6142.723
14.5-16.1
Medium
----
CI / A-7
3.
Basalt
Dry
2.6-2.8
-----
----
----
------
------
4.
Interbedded
Dry
----
----
-----
----
----
----
5.
Marl
Moist
1.882-1.934
Low
---
----
CL
4.
Limestone
Dry
----
----
----
----
----
----
21
22
CBR %
N
o.
Type of Materials
Unconfined
(Normal
Stress)
Kg/cm2
Point Load
Triaxial UU
Is(50)
UCS
Kg/cm2
C
Kg/cm2
Proctor
Consolida
tion
Cc
65 Blows
M.D.D
g/cm3
Opt.W
%
0.1
0.2
14.220.1
13.119.3
Modulus of
deformation
Kg/cm2
Poisons
Ratio
----
----
----
----
160
0.35
0.5
15
10000
0.25
1.0
25
1.
Fill Materials
----
----
----
----
----
----
1.6931.733
15.26
-17.5
2.
----
----
----
----
-----
0.3
1.5411.763
15.45
-17.2
3.
Basalt
----
2.02.7
50.267.4
----
----
-----
----
----
4.
Interbedded
6000
0.25
0.5
25
5.
Marl
300
0.3
0.5
15
6.
Limestone
10000
0.25
1.0
25
----
2.12.8
50.467.2
----
----
----
----
23
----
5.4-8.1 4.8-7.6
----
----
-----
----
7.2.3
The obtained results of the sulphate and chloride contents show that the soil is
considered not aggressive to buried concrete. (See BS. CP 110: Part 1: 1972).
The chemical properties of the encountered materials are summarized in (Table 10).
Table 10: Materials Chemical Properties
No.
Type of Materials
So3 %
Cl %
1.
Fill Materials
2.
3.
PH
0.0130.021
0.01010.025
0.0020.004
0.0000.003
Basalt
Nil
Nil
6.9-7.3
4.
Interbedded
Nil
Nil
6.9-7.3
5.
Marl
Nil
Nil
6.9-7.3
6.
Limestone
Nil
Nil
6.9-7.3
6.8-7.4
7.1-7.6
Aggressiveness
Not
Aggressiveness
Not
Aggressiveness
Not
Aggressiveness
Not
Aggressiveness
Not
Aggressiveness
Not
Aggressiveness
Ground Water
No free or confined ground water was encountered at the time of investigations in any
of the excavated tests pits.
7.4
No caves or cavities were encountered in any of the excavated tests pits. Generally,
the area is mostly stable. Minor faults are located at the general area of the site as
shown on the attached general geological maps (Appendix A).
However, the geological formation encountered at the site and our field observation
show that cavities and caves may be encountered at general sites areas.
8.
8.1 Introduction
The following conclusions and recommendations are based on the results of the
engineering analysis of the field and laboratory investigations and the nature of the
proposed structures. If the nature of the proposed structure will be adjusted or
deviated, these recommendations consequently may need adjustment. Therefore, we
24
1. The proposed Zaatry PS blending reservoir and pipeline and other related
facilities shall be laid on natural materials, which were encountered at the level of
the pipe installation depth. Foundation ground when reached shall be cleaned from
loose materials before laying the pipelines.etc.
2. Fill materials shall be removed and considered not suitable as foundation ground
and shall be replaced by compacted base coarse materials or other approved
materials of gravelly soil.
3. The foundations of proposed Zaatry PS blending reservoir should be placed at a
minimum depth of 2.00 m below the finished level of the ground surrounding the
building and should be penetrated to a minimum depth of 1.0 m within the above
recommended foundation ground.
4. Where the vertical side slopes of the pipelines trenches will not be stable due to
excavation, it is recommended that shoring or sloping will be necessary. Bracing
and protection measures shall be designed and installed for worker safety
according to the related engineering guidelines.
Special care shall be taken if cavities may be encountered during excavation
of trench.
5. Thrust block:
a. The parameters required for the design of the thrust blocks are determined
from the laboratory tests results of the pipelines sites and the mechanical and
physical properties of the encountered materials.
8.3
=
=
=
=
=
=
25
F.S
Nc, Nq and N = Terzghi factors depending on the angle of internal friction, which
equal zero when the soil is in fully saturation conditions.
Nc = 5.7, Nq= 1.0 and N= 0.0
It is recommended that the above-mentioned type of foundations at Zaatry proposed
blending reservoir be designed for a net allowable bearing capacity of 1.8 Kg/cm2 for
silty clay materials.
The allowable bearing capacity for the limestone and basalt rocks materials can be
determined using Goodman equation considering the factor of safety of 20. The used
equation is :
qa = qu / F
qa
qu
F
The calculated values of the allowable bearing capacity for the limestone materials are
ranges from 4.1 to 4.65 kg/cm2. The calculated values of the allowable bearing
capacity for the basalt materials are ranges from 13.0 to 13.10 kg/cm2.
It is recommended that the above-mentioned type of foundations be designed for a
net allowable bearing capacity of 3.0 Kg/cm2 for limestone materials and 13.0
Kg/cm2 for basalt materials
The allowable bearing capacities summarized in (Table 11) for each materials type.
Table 11: Recommended Allowable Net Bearing Capacities
Silty Clay
Limestone
3.0
Basalt
13.0
Type of materials
Type of
soil section
Seismic zone,
Z
SD
0.15
Seismicity
Accelerating
Factor
Ca
0.22
Seismicity
Velocity
Factor
Cv
0.32
26
design, this extra depth should be filled with lean concrete or concrete with 3% of
cobbles
8.7
To minimize instability problems, this may occur during excavations in the side
slopes of the foundation excavations. The recommended safe cut slopes summarized
in Table, below are given for the weakest materials encountered in each borehole.
Table 14: Results of Slope Stability Analysis
Recommended
Permanent Cut Slopes
V
H
1
4
No.
Materials
1.
Fill Materials
2.
3.
Basalt
4.
Interbedded
5.
Marl
6.
Limestone
If the above mentioned side slopes could not be achieved then shoring system shall be
considered.
9.
DRAINAGE
10.
FOUNDATION INSPECTION
It must be noted that the limited drilled boreholes show the subsurface materials at the
locations and depths drilled only, and not reflect the subsurface conditions at whole
site area.
It is essential that the foundation ground reached should be inspected by our office
immediately after excavation is completed in order to ensure that suitable materials
have been reached, and to detect signs of potential problems and that foundations are
placed on fairly uniform materials.
28
APPENDIX A
FIGURE 1,2,3,4and 5 General Site Plan and Profile
+0.00
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
-5.0
Basalt
Basalt
Basalt
-10.0
BH1
BH2
Figure No.
Report No.
Scale
BH3
4
SI15056
Ver
1 :100
+0.00
B
Silty Clay
Silty Clay
-5.0
Basalt
Basalt
-10.0
BH4
BH5
Figure No.
Report No.
Scale
5
SI15056
Ver
1 :100
APPENDIX B
APPENDIX B1
Logs of Boreholes
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 10/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 273582
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
IF(mm)
SCR (%)
RQD (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1192060
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
SILTY CLAY
0.5
1
1.5
85
---
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
BASALT
6.5
7
7.5
8
8.5
9
9.5
10
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 10/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 273547
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
80
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1192079
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
Basalt
8.5
9
9.5
10
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 10/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 273568
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
90
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1192079
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
Basalt
8.5
9
9.5
10
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 10/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 273589
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
85
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1192074
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
SILTY CLAY
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
BASALT
8.5
9
9.5
10
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 10/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 273562
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
80
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1192060
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7
7.5
Basalt
8.5
9
9.5
10
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 5/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 260201
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
90
Pressure
Symbol
SCR (%)
65
Fractures
RQD (%)
95
IF(mm)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1166800
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
LIMESTONE
2.5
3.5
4.5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 5/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 260183
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
IF(mm)
SCR (%)
RQD (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1166823
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
SILTY CLAY
0.5
1.5
2.5
INTERBEDDED
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 7/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 260738
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
90
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1166726
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3.5
4.5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 7/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 261579
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
85
Pressure
Symbol
SCR (%)
80
Fractures
RQD (%)
95
IF(mm)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1168752
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
LIMESTONE
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 7/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 261673
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
85
Pressure
Symbol
SCR (%)
75
Fractures
RQD (%)
90
IF(mm)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 116791
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
LIMESTONE
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 7/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 262640
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
85
Pressure
Symbol
SCR (%)
70
Fractures
RQD (%)
92
IF(mm)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1170130
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
LIMESTONE
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 8/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 263974
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
80
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1171667
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3.5
4.5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 8/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 264538
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
80
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1172952
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3.5
4.5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 8/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 265480
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
85
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1175206
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3.5
4
BASALT
4.5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 8/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 266108
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
85
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1177020
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 8/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 266620
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
85
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1178688
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw - Za'atry
Drilling
: 9/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 267236
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
IF(mm)
SCR (%)
RQD (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1180594
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
SILTY CLAY
0.5
1.5
2
70
15
2.5
MARL
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 9/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 267864
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
IF(mm)
SCR (%)
RQD (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1182533
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
INTERBEDDED
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 9/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 267774
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
IF(mm)
SCR (%)
RQD (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1184422
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
INTERBEDDED
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 9/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 266570
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
IF(mm)
SCR (%)
RQD (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1186655
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
SILTY CLAY
0.5
1.5
2
75
15
2.5
MARL
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 9/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 266837
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
IF(mm)
SCR (%)
RQD (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1187616
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
SILTY CLAY
0.5
1.5
75
20
2.5
MARL
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 9/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 267955
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
75
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1189072
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 9/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 267999
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
80
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1189120
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 9/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 267995
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
75
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1189115
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 9/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 270209
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
80
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1192092
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 7/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 271638
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
IF(mm)
SCR (%)
RQD (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1192948
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
2
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 9/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 273483
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
IF(mm)
SCR (%)
RQD (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1192059
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
FILL MATERIALS
1.5
2.5
3
80
--
SILTY CLAY
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
LOG OF BORING
Project
Location
: Khaw- Za'atry
Drilling
: 10/9/2015
Supervisor By :
Elevation
: --
Coordinates : E : 273438
Unconfined
qu
Point Load
I50
DESCRIPTION
Dry Density
g\cm 3
Pressure
Symbol
Fractures
--
IF(mm)
RQD (%)
80
SCR (%)
TCR (%)
Sampling
Depth (m)
S.P.T N Blows
N : 1192091
LL
PL
l-------O-------l
0.5
1.5
SILTY CLAY
2.5
3.5
4.5
5
End of Borehole
Sheet 1 of 1
TRIPLE CORPORATION-CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS
APPENDIX B2
Logs of Tests Pits
Project No. :
: TP1
: --
Coordinates E : 262807
: AL-ZARQA
N : 1170242
Date
Water level
Total Depth
: Not Encountered
: 5/9/2015
: 3.0m
Elevation
Depth
USC
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Description
Symbol
LL %
PI %
W%
MDD
gm/cm3
AASHTO
Ground Surface
FILL MATERIALS
Composed of silty clay with gravel of
limestone
LIMESTONE
End of Test Pit
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
Sheet: 1 of 1
Project No. :
Project : KHAW-AL-ZA'ATARY
Location
: TP2
: --
Coordinates E : 265385
: AL-ZARQA
N : 1174967
Date
Water level
Total Depth
: Not Encountered
: 6/9/2015
: 3.0M
Elevation
Depth
USC
Description
Symbol
LL %
PI %
W%
MDD
gm/cm3
AASHTO
Ground Surface
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
SILTY CLAY
Dark brown ,Dry , stiff silty clay with gravel
of limestone
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
Sheet: 1 of 1
Project No. :
: TP3
:
Coordinates E : 267200
: AL-MAFREQ
N : 1180368
Date
Water level
Total Depth
: Not encountered
: 6/9/2015
: 3.0
Elevation
Depth
USC
Description
Symbol
LL %
PI %
W%
MDD
gm/cm3
AASHTO
Ground Surface
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
SILTY CLAY
Dark brown ,Dry , stiff silty clay with gravel
of limestone
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
Sheet: 1 of 1
Project No. :
: TP4
:
Coordinates E : 266929
: AL-MAFREQ
N : 1185902
Date
Water level
Total Depth
: Not encountered
: 7/9/2015
: 3.0
Elevation
Depth
USC
Description
Symbol
LL %
PI %
W%
MDD
gm/cm3
AASHTO
Ground Surface
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
SILTY CLAY
Light brown , Dry .Stiff silty clay with gravel
of limestone
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
MARL
Yallow , Dry , moderately weak and some
fragment of limestone
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
Sheet: 1 of 1
Project No. :
: TP5
:
Coordinates E : 268526
: AL-MAFREQ
N : 1189836
Date
Water level
Total Depth
: Not encountered
: 7/9/2015
: 3.0
Elevation
Depth
USC
Description
Symbol
LL %
PI %
W%
MDD
gm/cm3
AASHTO
Ground Surface
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
SILTY CLAY
Light brown , Dry , with gravel ol limestone
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
Sheet: 1 of 1
Project No. :
: TP6
:
Coordinates E : 271237
: AL-MAFREQ
N : 1193110
Date
Water level
Total Depth
: Not encountered
: 8/9/2015
: 3.0
Elevation
Depth
USC
Description
Symbol
LL %
PI %
W%
MDD
gm/cm3
AASHTO
Ground Surface
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
SILTY CLAY
Light brown , Dry , with gravel ol limestone
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
Sheet: 1 of 1
APPENDIX C
Electrical resistivity
RS6
RS5
RS4
RS3
RS2
RS1
Figure.1.Illustrateresistivitysoundingsbasedongeologicalmap.
2. Resistivity survey.
2-1. Methodology, Measurements and data acquisition.
Geoelectrical resistivity methods have proved to be very useful in geological
applications like mining exploration, geotechnical investigations, hydrology and
others. The electrical resistivity of any material is defined as the resistance (in ohms)
between the opposite faces of a unit cube of that material. The resistivity is expressed
by in ohm meters (.m). In sounding the measured resistance values at the surface
reflect the vertical distribution of resistivity values in a geological section. As
sounding gives the vertical distribution of resistivity values with respect to various
layers in the subsurface at the sounding point and called as vertical electrical sounding
(VES).
The application of resistivity sounding method, an important tool in
interpretation of the data, has been the comparison of the apparent resistivity curves
derived from the field observations with apparent resistivity curves computed for
assumed models of the subsurface stratification. In curve matching technique, the
field sounding curve is compared with theoretical sounding curves computed for
various layer parameters. When the field curve matches with a particular theoretical
curve, the layer parameters of the theoretical curves have been taken as the solution
for the field sounding data. A ten of vertical electrical soundings (VES) with
Schlumberger array were conducted utilizing Syscal R1 plus (Image.1) at different
locations within the study area (table.1), the maximum electrode spacing used
AB/2=25m to get more than 5m depth.
Image.1. Show Iris resistivity meter and electrode configuration.
Table-1.
Coordinate
RSNo.
E
RS1
260350
1166823
RS2
261776
1168951
RS3
266758
1179000
RS4
267226
1185413
RS5
269047
1190477
RS6
272512
1192432
T
The resistivity measurements are normally made by injecting current into the ground
through two current electrodes; C1 and C2 in figure.2, and measuring the resulting
voltage difference at two potential electrodes (P1 and P2). From the current (I) and
voltage (V) values, an apparent resistivity (pa) value is calculated.
a = k V / I
Where;
k is the geometric factor which depends on the arrangement of the four
electrodes.
RS1
AB/2 MN
RS2
AB/2 MN
AB/2 MN
AB/2 MN
1.5
324.5
10
10
37.8
1.5
213.2
10
10
11.8
216.2
11
10
38.7
137.6
11
11
11.2
2.5
159.2
12
10
39
2.5
99
12
12
9.7
83.4
13
10
14.1
74.6
13
13
9.5
55.8
14
10
13.9
47
14
14
9.1
40
15
10
14.7
31.2
15
15
10.1
28
16
10
15.2
19.3
16
16
11
23.7
17
10
15.8
15
17
17
11.2
22.1
18
10
16.2
13
18
18
11.7
21
20
10
17
12.7
20
20
12.4
10
19.8
22
10
18
10
12.5
22
22
14
10
19.3
25
10
19.6
10
12.1
25
25
15.4
Table-3.
RS3
AB/2 MN
RS4
AB/2 MN
AB/2 MN
AB/2 MN
1.5
221.9
10
10
18
1.5
324.5
10
10
37.9
146.35
11
10
15.8
216.2
11
10
38.7
2.5
107.75
12
10
14.3
2.5
159.2
12
10
39
83.4
13
10
14.1
123
13
10
40
55.8
14
10
13.9
78.4
14
10
41
40
15
10
14.7
55.5
15
10
42
28
16
10
15.2
44
16
10
34.3
23.7
17
10
15.8
38.5
17
10
44.5
22.1
18
10
16.2
35.9
18
10
46
21
20
10
17
34.7
20
10
49
10
19.8
22
10
18
10
34
22
10
52.3
10
19.3
25
10
19.6
10
38.6
25
10
57.4
Table-4.
RS5
AB/2 MN
RS6
AB/2 MN
AB/2 MN
AB/2 MN
1.5
76.8
10
10
59
1.5
88.3
10
10
65
65
11
10
60.7
83.1
11
10
68.2
2.5
48.3
12
10
63
2.5
59.8
12
10
70.5
42.5
13
10
66
54
13
10
74.3
44.5
14
10
68
56
14
10
75.5
50.6
15
10
70
62.1
15
10
77.5
53.3
16
10
72
64.8
16
10
80.3
56.6
17
10
74
68.1
17
10
81.5
58.4
18
10
76.1
69.9
18
10
83.6
62
20
10
78.2
73
20
10
84.8
10
57
22
10
79
10
74
22
10
86.5
10
64
25
10
80.3
10
64.5
25
10
87.8
a apparent resistivity
Resistivity and conductivity values listed from surface to 5m depth in table.5.
Table.5.
RS
No.
0-1
.m
mS/m
1-2
.m
mS/m
Depth (m)
2-3
.m
mS/m
3-4
.m
698
1.43 115.85 8.63 49.93
20
54
562.5 1.78 562.5 1.78 13.67 73.15
15
440.5 2.27
68.9 14.51 40.9 24.45 38.95
698
1.43 115.85 8.63 49.93
20
54
63.75 15.68 172.74 5.79 34.3 29.15 34.3
126
7.94
17.7
56.5 443.1 2.25 26.2
475.1 4.23 175.12 12.81
92
41.9 83.9
305.1 4.735
158
15.97 130.7 48.7 178.5
SD: Standard deviation.
RS1
RS2
RS3
RS4
RS5
RS6
Mean
SD
mS/m
4-5
.m
mS/m
18.51
22
45.45
66.66 4.29
233
25.67
6.8
147
18.51
22
45.45
29.15 34.3 29.15
38.16 222.6 4.49
47.5 144.63
57
43.29 208.76
76
APPENDIX D
Geological Map
Legend for Sample Used
Geological Legend
Symbol
Formation
Fuheis Formation
Shyayb Formation
WSL
ASL
WG
AQB
Geological Map
Scale : 1:50000
TRIPLE CORPORATION
LEGEND TO SYMBOLS USED
TOP SOIL
MARLSTONE
FILL MATERIALS
INTERBEDDED
SILTY CLAY
SAND
MIXTURE MATERIALES
SANDSTONE
CLAY
MARL
LIMESTONE
MARLY LIMESTONE
CHALKY LIMESTONE
DOLOMATIC
LIMESTONE
SILICIFIED LIMESTONE
BASALT
PHOSPHATIC LIMESTONE
CLAYEY MARL
CORE DRILLING
DISTURBED SAMPLING
SPT TEST
CASING DEPTH
INSTALATION
SHELLBY TUBE
AUGAR