Signal and System Interview Questions
Signal and System Interview Questions
Signal and System Interview Questions
Signal is a physical quantity that varies with respect to time, space or any other independent
variable.
2. Define system.
A set of components that are connected together to perform the particular task.
3.What are the major classifications of the signal?
(i)
Discrete time signal
(ii)
Continuous time signal
4.Define discrete time signals and classify them.
Discrete time signals are defined only at discrete times, and for these signals, the independent
variable takes on only a discrete set of values.
Classification of discrete time signal:
1.Periodic and Aperiodic signal
2.Even and Odd signal
5.Define continuous time signals and classify them.
Continuous time signals are defined for a continuous of values of the independent variable. In
the case of continuous time signals the independent variable is continuous.
For example:
(i) A speech signal as a function of time
(ii) Atmospheric pressure as a function of altitude Classification of
continuous time signal:
(i)
Periodic and Aperiodic signal
(ii)
Even and Odd signal
6. Define time shifting property
A signal x(t) may be sifted in time by replacing the independent variable t by t t0, where t0 is
known as the shifting factor. If t0 > 0, the signal is shifted to the right and it result in a delay of
the signal. If t0 <0, the signal is shifted to the left and it result in an advance of the signal.
7. Define time scaling
A second modification of the independent variable involves replacing t by at, where a is called
scaling factor. If a>1, it results in compression (speeded up), and if 0<a<1, it results in
expansion (slowed down).
8.Define continuous time unit step and unit impulse.
iii. Distributive
28.Write down the exponential form of the Fourier series representation of a periodic
signal?
x(t)=ak ejkot
Here the summation is taken from - to .
ao=1/T x(t) dt
Time shifting property states that; when a periodic signal is shifted in time, the magnitudes of
its Fourier series coefficients, remain unaltered.
31.Write short notes on dirichlets conditions for Fourier series.
a. x(t) must be absolutely integral
b. The function x(t) should be single valued within the interval T.
c. The function x(t) should have finite number of discontinuities in any finite
interval of time T.
d. The function x(t) should have finite number of maxima &minima in the
interval T.
32.State parsevals theorem for continuous time periodic signals.
1/T x(t)2 dt = ak2
Parsevals relation states that the total average power in a periodic signal equals the sum of
the average power in all of its harmonic components.
33.Define continuous time system.
A continuous time system is a system in which continuous time input signals are applied and
result in continuous time output signals.
34.Define Fourier transform pair.
Consider the aperiodic signal x(t) &Fourier transform of x(t) is defined as
X(j) = x(t) e-jt dt -------------(1)
Inverse Fourier transform of x(t) is given by
x(t) =1/2 X(j) ejt d ------(2)
Equations (1) & (2) are referred to as the Fourier transform pair.
37.Define Z transform.
The Z transform of a discrete time signal x[n] is denoted by X(z) and it is given as
X(z)=x[n] z-n.and the value n ranges from - to +. Here z is the complex variable. This
Z transform is also called as bilateral or two sided Z transform.
38.What are the two types of Z transform?
(i) Unilateral Z transform
(ii) Bilateral Z transform
vi. ROC of two sided sequence is the concentric ring in the z plane.
This can be obtained by using the Low pass filer before the sampling process. It is also
called as antialiasing filter.
The process of converting discrete time sample data in to a continuous time signal is called
signal reconstruction.
The zero order hold systems samples a continuous time signal x(t) at a given instant and hold
this value until the next instant at which another sample is taken.
59.What is interpolating function?