International Research Journal of Social Sciences_____________________________________ ISSN 23193565

Vol. 2(6), 19-32, June (2013)

Int. Res. J. Social Sci.

Impact of Indian Cinema on Adolescents:

A Sociological Study of Jaipur-Rajasthan, India
Goswami Ruchi and Kumari Manju
Department of Sociology, Rajasthan University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA

Available online at: www.isca.in

Received 24th May 2013, revised 11th June 2013, accepted 8th July 2013

Abstract
The term adolescence meaning to emerge or achieve identity is a relatively new concept, especially in development
thinking. The origins of the term from the Latin word, adolescere meaning to grow, to mature indicate the defining
features of adolescence. A human being starts communicating as soon as he starts producing his first noise in the act of
drawing his parents attention. Every emotion that we portray on our faces, the movement of our hands, the way we look at
someone and our speech instantly communicates our ideas to others. Communication is highly necessary for our society, as
it is only through exchange of ideas and co-operation that a society can grow and develop. This study is, therefore, timely
as the society needs to be made aware of the influence of Cinema on the social and moral turnout of the viewers. Via this
study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the social implications of Impact of Cinema on Indian Adolescents A
Sociological Study of Jaipur Therefore the current study proves that for adolescent Viewing Cinema as a powerful
medium of information, education and entertainment results in the process of opinion building in various social groups.
And cinema is the medium of cinema reciprocates in bringing a social change. And at-last it can be concluded that
adolescents are very much influenced by the cinema and they inhale psychological, cultural, sociological changes along
with the drastic changes in lifestyle, behavior, and so on.
Keywords: Cinema, Adolescent, Respondent, Society, Impact.

Introduction
A human being starts communicating as soon as he starts
producing his first noise in the act of drawing his parents
attention. Every emotion that we portray on our faces, the
movement of our hands, the way we look at someone and our
speech instantly communicates our ideas to others.
Communication is highly necessary for our society, as it is only
through exchange of ideas and co-operation that a society can
grow and develop. Effective communication is essential to
learn, to teach, to make relationships and to maintain them. In
the modern world, the importance of communication has
surpassed all previously slated levels. Interestingly, the means
of communication has outnumbered the means of food
production in the world today. The communicative technologies
in the world have been increasing not only in number, but also
in speed, accuracy and clarity.
Communication and development are the major domains of
human Endeavour which are intimately linked with each other
.The process of development calls for a strategy of
communication which is aimed at altering the targeted persons
from mere recipients of information to seekers of information.
The main function or purpose of communication is to change or
guide other people's behaviour1. Most Youth Say They Have No
Rules About How Much Time They Can Spend With TV, Video
Games, or Computers -Washington, D.C.

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Introduction to Indian Cinema: The birth of Cinema in India

can be attributed to the Lumiere brother`s. Only a few months
after the Lumiere brothers introduced the art of cinematography
in Paris in 1895, cinema made its presence felt in India. The
Lumiere brothers` held their first public showing at Watson
Hotel in Mumbai on July 7, 1896 and the Times of India
glowingly referred to it as the miracle of the century`.
Westerners, who were quick to realize the value of India as a
site of filmmaking both because of its natural beauty and its
`exotic` culture, were inspired to make films that used Indian
scenery and culture. However, this phenomenon did not create
much of a ripple. The Indian viewer took the new experience as
something already familiar to him, thanks to the art of shadow
play and the tradition of story-telling with hand-drawn images
accompanied by live sound.
Genre of Cinema: The term genre is used a lot around the
movie industry to break down the type of film into categories.
It's difficult to place a lot of films in a single category. For this
reason a lot of films have multiple genres.
For convenience all the movies are placed into following genre
series:
Animated, Action, Comedy, Action-comedy, Farce, Spoofs,
Satirical ,Western, Urban, Documentary, Mocumentary,
Childrens, Political, Thriller/Suspence, War, Hisorical, Fantasy,
Horror, Science fiction, Musical, Romance, Romantic Comedy,
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International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 23193565

Vol. 2(6), 19-32, June (2013)
Int. Res. J. Social Sci.
Indoctrination, Period (set in a different time), Mystery. Many
can be a combination of any of these. ie musical-comedy.

Physical changes: The onset of puberty is marked by rapid

growth and the development of secondary sexual characteristics.

Movie technical Formats: Film, much like Lomographers,

comes in many shapes, sizes, and kinds.

Psychological changes: The development of a sense of identity

distinct from parents and selfworth, the exploration of new
relationships with their peer groups, with the opposite sex,
families and the community. It is also a time of exploration (of
their own bodies, of ones capabilities and potential) and
experimentation (in sexual relationships, alcohol and tobacco
use). At this stage, media and peers exert a powerful influence.
Manifested by change, it is also a stage of extreme vulnerability
where, for instance, alcohol use could easily slip into alcohol
abuse if there is inadequate access to services and a supportive
environment. The support and understanding of parents during
this phase is critical in enabling them to meet these challenges
(WHO 1997 and 1998).

Standard film formats are: i. 135 or 35mm film (used in

cameras like the LC-A+ and Fisheye), ii. 120 or medium format
film (used in cameras like the Diana F+ and Lubitel 166+), iii.
45, 810, etc. called large format film or sheet film (used in
old-timey view cameras)
Standard film types are: i. color negative, ii. color positive or
slide, iii. black and white, iv. infrared
The most easily procured and processed film is 135 or 35mm
color negative film. This is the film that you can buy and get
developed at drugstores or one-hour photo labs.
120 film, slide film, black and white film, and infrared film
must be processed at the professional photo lab of your choice.
You can usually find these types of films at professional photo
labs or camera supply stores.

Adolescence is further complicated by the non simultaneous

nature of these changes. Different aspects of behaviour or
physical appearance occur at various ages.
Stages of Adolescence4,5: Three main stages of adolescence can
be discerned:

Infrared film is film that is simply sensitive to a larger spectrum

of light than our eyeballs are. It can yield other-worldly looking
images when exposed correctly, and can be devastating when
its not. True infrared film must also be loaded and unloaded in
complete darkness. This film is best left to the experienced
Lomographer. Most Lomography cameras can take any type of
35mm or 120 format film.

Early adolescence (9-13 years): characterized by a spurt of

growth and the development of secondary sexual characteristics.

Introduction of Adolescents: The term adolescence meaning

to emerge or achieve identity is a relatively new concept,
especially in development thinking. The origins of the term
from the Latin word, adolescere meaning to grow, to mature
indicate the defining features of adolescence.

Late adolescence (16-19 years): At this stage, adolescents have

fully developed physical characteristics (similar to adults), and
have formed a distinct identity and have well-formed opinions
and ideas5.

However, a universally accepted definition of the concept has

not been established.
Adolescents aged between 10-19 years account for more than onefifth of the worlds population. In India, this age group forms 21.4
percent of the total population2,3. Characterized by distinct physical
and social changes, the separate health, education, economic and
employment needs of adolescents cannot be ignored.
Adolescents as an age group usually tend to be subsumed under
the categories of either youth or children. The formulation of
definitions clearly demarcating the age and characteristics of
adolescents is only a recent phenomenon, and yet to be widely
recognized across the world.
The Adolescent period is characterised by a combination of
physical changes (puberty), behavior changes and shifts in
social grouping. Broadly, these changes are:

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Mid adolescence (14-15 years): This stage is distinguished by

the development of a separate identity from parents, of new
relationships with peer groups and the opposite sex, and of
experimentation.

Introduction of Current Research Study: Objectives of the

study: The present study aims to achieve the many objectives
by considering the main objective as to study on Impact of
Cinema on Indian Adolescents A Sociological Study of
Changing Behavior Pattern and Lifestyle This study mainly
discuss in detail the changes witnessed in the lifestyle, behavior,
change in interests, of the different sections of society and so
on.

Research Methodology
The issue related to the time, and frequency invested by each
individual specially adolescents to watch cinema on one hand
and the impact of these on changing the behavior pattern and
lifestyle, on the other hand, have become hugely important for
every individual family having adolescents members. It is
relevant that even a single wrong decision of Parents on
adolescents that either to watch or not to watch the cinema and
other entertainment devices may sometimes leading to the

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Vol. 2(6), 19-32, June (2013)
Int. Res. J. Social Sci.
Sociological effect on the individual. Therefore a proper
Sociological Study of Changing Behavior Pattern and Lifestyle
by Impact of Cinema on adolescents is necessity of time6-8.
A number of studies had been conduced across the world
including India, to find out the impact of cinema on adolescents
by using different performance measure. But there was no
comprehensive study conducted on Adolescents sociological
impacts such as behavior pattern and lifestyle by watching
Cinema9,10.
Hence the present study was undertaken to fill this research gap
and analyze the Impact of Cinema on Indian Adolescents with
special reference to Sociological Study of Changing Behavior
Pattern and Lifestyle.
Formulation of Hypothesis:- A hypothesis is a tentative
generalization, the validity of which remains to be tested.
Hypothesis may be any hunch guess, imaginative idea, or any
assumption which becomes the basis for action or any
investigation. The current research study seeks to test these
assumptions. i. HO - Viewing Cinema as a powerful medium of
information, education and entertainment results in the process
of opinion building in various social groups. ii. HO -The
medium of cinema reciprocates in bringing a social change. iii.
HO - Adolescents are very much influenced by the cinema and
they inhale psychological, cultural, sociological changes along
with the drastic changes in lifestyle, behaviour, and so on.
Research Design: Research design we used was non
probability-that is purposive or we can say judgment sampling.
Samples were collected from 13 to 19 years age students from
VII Standard to XII Standard. A purposive sampling technique
was used to collect the samples .The choice of sample selection
was the judgment of the investigator. The purpose behind
selecting the teens was that in this age curiosity and interests are
at the peak of development and at this stage they are at the stage
of speedy growth. Total students -400 out of whom 100 students
from selected four schools including boys and girls. Equal
number was selected from both the classes so that equality of
sex ratio is maintained for any comparison.
Tools and Techniques: i. Questionnaire, ii. Case study: The
main techniques used in this study was to collect first hand data

that is primary data, using the questionnaire containing

33questions both open ended and close ended. The
questionnaire was divided into seven parts (Three Sections Sec
A to Sec C for Students {Questionnaire is attached as Annexure
A at last of the article} i. First part Section A consisted of Socio
Dynamic Information i.e primary information regarding
respondents name, age, Class, sex , fathers occupation, mothers
occupation, education level of mother and father, income group
etc. ii. b) The second part of the questionnaire i.e Section B
deals with the interest of respondents in Cinema. iii. c) Section
C constitutes the questions related to influence of cinema on
studies.

Results and Discussion

Socio Demographic Profile of Respondents in Current Study:
The present study Impact of Cinema on Indian Adolescents A
Sociological Study will examine the adolescents of Jaipur the
Pink City, the Capital of Rajasthan. This study extends the scope
of the demographic profile of school going students aging 13 to
19 years age students from VII Standard to XII Standard
including both from English medium and Hindi medium
background. The study also takes the respondents higher income
group families and even those from poor families. The study is
concerned to the sociological study of changing lifestyle and
behavior pattern of school going children and influence of cinema
that caters to a big factor of bringing changes in the adolescents.
Cinema leaves a major influence on the routine of adolescents in
todays info tech age. The world has turned a global village in the
sense that today in taking of elements from films influences the
adolescents up to a large extend.
Age group and Class of Respondents: The following table and
figure1 clearly signifies the age group and class with class
frequency of the respondents:
Religious status of the Respondents: Religion is one of the
integral and crucial part of Indian society. Adolescents at their
particular age learns about their religion. This is the age where
they start following the customs, traditions as followed by their
elders in family. Basically in the traditional Indian society in the
case of Adolescent boys they are free to move out but when we
see the case of girls, they are bound to abide the customs and
traditions in a right manner11.

Table-1
Age Group and Class of the Respondents
Age group of Students
Classes of Students
No of Students (Respondents)
(Respondents)
(Respondents)
13 -14
VIII and IX
100
15-16
IX and X
150
17-18
X and XI
100
19-20
XI and XII
50
Total Respondents
400

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Percentage Respondents
25.00%
37.50%
25.00%
12.50%
100%

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Sciences__
___________________________________ISSN 23193565
Vol. 2(6), 19-32, June (2013)
Int. Res. J. Social Sci.
Above table and figure 2 shows the religion of adolescents as
respondents. It is evident that different category of students are
from different religions in the whole sample group. Out of
these respondents 48% i.e 192 no of students were
wer Hindus, 126
i.e 31% were Muslims and 51 students who replied were Sikhs
and holds 12.75% of whole population of sample under study.
Some student respondents were Christians also and this religion
of respondents holds 6% i.e 24 respondents. The respondent
respondents
belonging to different religions accessing cinema showed varied
interests in the viewership pattern.
19-20
20 XI & XII
13%

Medium of School Education of Respondents: In the present

study of Impact of Cinema on Indian Adolescents A
Sociological Study of Changing Behavior Pattern
Patt
and
Lifestyle. The adolescents selected as sample of the study to
acquire more reproducibility in the study basically belongs to
both medium of education i.e English and Hindi and are of both
gender i.e Male (Boys) and Female (Girls). The frequency of
each specific class of respondents in this category is explained
below in table and figure 3

13-14 VII & IX

25%

17-18
18 X & XI
25%
15-16 IX & X
37%

Figure-1
(Pie-- Chart) Age Group and Class of the Respondents

Religion of Students (Respondents)

Hindu
Muslim
Sikh
Christian
Others
Total Respondents

Table-2
Religious status of the respondents
No of Students (Respondents)
Percentage Respondents
192
48.00%
126
31.50%
51
12.75%
24
6.00%
07
1.75%
400
100%

Christian
6%

Others
2%

Sikh
13%
Hindu
48%

Muslim
31%

Figure-2
Religious status of the respondents

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Vol. 2(6), 19-32, June (2013)
Int. Res. J. Social Sci.
Parents Occupation of Adolescents as the Respondents:
Occupation is basically the activity that serves as one's regular
source of livelihood. The following table 4 and figure 4 clearly

indicates that the adolescents parents are doing business or job

or anything else. The chart also clarifies the difference between
the profession of boys and girls students.

Table-3
Medium of School Education of the respondents
English Medium
Age group of
Classes of
No of Students
Students
Students
Boys
No
Girls No
(Respondents)
(Respondents)
(Respondents)
and %age
and %age
13 -14
VIII and IX
99
36 (9.00%)
23 (5.75%)
15-16
IX and X
147
44 (11.00%)
20 (5.00%)
17-18
X and XI
97
16 (4.00%)
14 (3.50%)
19-20
XI and XII
57
15 (3.75%)
12 (3.00%)
Total Respondents
400

Hindi Medium
Boys
No
Girls No
and %age
and %age
19 (4.75%)
21 (5.25%)
47 (11.75%)
36 (9.00%)
38 (9.50%)
24 (6.00%)
11 (2.75%)
09 (2.25%)

14.00%

% age of Respondends

12.00%
10.00%
8.00%

13 -14 & VIII & IX

6.00%

15-16 & IX & X

4.00%

17-18 & X & XI

2.00%

19-20 & XI & XII

0.00%
English Medium
Boys %age

English Medium Hindi Medium Boys Hindi Medium Girls

Girls %age
%age
%age

Medium of School Education of Respondends

Figure-3
Medium of School Education of the respondents
Table-4
Parents Occupation of Adolescents as the Respondents
Profession of Parents of
Private Schools
Government Schools
Students (Respondents) Replied Boys No and
Girls No
Boys No and Girls No and
the Questionnaire
%age
and %age
%age
%age
Business
28 (7.00%)
30 (7.50%)
21 (5.25%)
26 (6.50%)
Government Job
22 (5.50%)
26 (6.50%)
11 (2.75%)
08 (2.00%)
Bank Services
19 (4.75%)
16 (4.00%)
12 (3.00%)
06 (1.50%)
Private Job
09 (2.25%)
06(1.50%)
23 (5.75%)
19 (4.75%)
Teaching
16 (4.00%)
09 (2.25%)
07(1.75%)
04(1.00%)
Agriculture
11(2.75%)
10 (2.50%)
24(6.00%)
20(5.00%)
Other
06(1.50%)
02(0.50%)
05(1.25%)
04(1.00%)
Total Respondents

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Total No of Parents
in Same profession
105 (26.25%)
67 (16.75%)
53 (13.25%)
57 (14.25%)
36 (9.00%)
65 (16.25%)
17(4.25%)
400 and 100%

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Int. Res. J. Social Sci.

%age of Students (Respondends)

30.00%
25.00%
20.00%
Private School Boys %age
15.00%
Private School Girls %age
10.00%

Government School Boys

%age
Government School Girls
%age
Total %age of Parents in
Same Profession

5.00%
0.00%

Profession // Occupation of Parents

Figure-4
Parents Occupation of Adolescents as the Respondents
Interest in Cinema of Adolescents Respondents in Study: As
discussed earlier to study the Impact of Cinema on Indian
Adolescents a questionnaire had been surveyed in the research
and the section B of questionnaire i.e which deals with the
interest in cinema of the adolescents respondents is been
analyzed here so that we may get an idea about the percentage
of adolescents in then society interested for the social change
through media and cinema specially.
To observe the interest in cinema of adolescents who acted as
respondents in current study following questions were asked:
Statement 1 Do you watch Cinema?
Respondents reply is shown below in table and figure 5 below:
Table-5
Respondents opinion that they watch Cinema
Opinion of
No of
%age of
Respondents
respondents
respondents
Opinion Yes
387
96.75%
Opinion No
13
3.25%
Total Respondents
400
100%
It is evident from the above data that nearly all the respondents
who replied out of 400 approached, 97.00% students (387)
watch cinema, whereas only 3.00% students i.e only eight (13)
respondents says they dont watch cinema. This makes the study
more significant as the impact will be more prone on
respondents who watch cinema.
Statement 2: What is the factor which takes you to the
Cinema Hall?
Respondents reply is shown below in Figure 5 and 6 below:

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Opinion No
2%
Opinion
Yes
98%

Figure-5
Respondents opinion that they watch Cinema
Table-6
Respondents opinion about the factor which takes them to
Cinema Hall
Opinion of Respondents
No of
%age of
respondents respondents
Time Pass
106
26.50%
Overwhelming Factor
34
8.50%
Imagination
68
17.00%
Curiosity
74
18.50%
Soothing Your senses
81
20.25%
To study the Craft
21
5.25%
Respondents Did not replied
16
4.00%
Total Respondents
400
100%
There are various factors which make evident role to move any
person to cinema hall. It is evident from the above table that
nearly 26% of the sample population under study moves to
cinema for time passes only.

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Respondent
To study s Did not
the Craft replied
4%
5%
Soothing
Your
senses
20%

The curiosity is maximum in the age of adolescents; therefore

19% of these respondents have curiosity the blaming factor
which makes them to go to cinema hall. They are curious about
the world; they want to explore the world and its lifestyle with
the help of cinema.

Time Pass
26%

Around 5.50% i.e 21 respondents belong to the class where they

are more prone to art and craft of cinema. These respondents
move to cinema to study craft. There were around 4% of
respondents who left this question unanswered.
Statistical Analysis: To test the hypothesis with the help of
above opinion question and answers in table above; students
ttest was applied. In the two tailed t test it was supposed
that12-15.
Ho = = o
Ho = o; Where the population mean =50.

Overwhelmi
ng Factor
9%
Curiosity
19%

Imagination
17%

Figure-6
Respondents opinion about the factor which takes them to
Cinema Hall
As the respondents are school adolescents they are having the
factor soothing senses and imagination also the main factor
which makes them to move to cinema hall. There percentage is
20% and 17 % respectively.

At 5% level of significance critical value (C.V) of t= 2.45 for

6degree of freedom. Since the computed value of t= 0.182 is
less than the table value of t which falls in acceptance region;
hence Null Hypothesis Ho is accepted.
Statement 3: What is the frequency of accessing other media
in a day?
Respondents reply is shown below in table 7 below:-

Table-7
Respondents opinion about frequency of accessing other media in a day
No of Respondents
One Hour

Two Hours

Three Hours

Four Hours

Five Hours

News Papers

344

34

15

03

02

Total No of
Respondents (%age
of Respondents)
400 (100.00%)

Magazines

173

21

06

04

03

207 (51.75%)

Internet

184

32

10

04

00

237 (59.25%)

SMS

222

72

03

05

01

303 (75.75%)

MMS

06

05

04

02

02

19 (4.75%)

Social Networking

205

38

07

02

02

254(63.50%)

Telephone

295

11

02

03

01

312 (78.00%)

iPods

19

10

02

01

00

32 (8.00%)

Video Games

220

71

06

03

01

301 (75.25%)

Audio Media FM

82

192

84

11

03

372 (93.00%)

Books

19

46

186

128

21

400(100.00%)

Media

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120.00%
%age of usage of media

100.00%
80.00%
Total No of %age of
Respondents who
Access Other Media

60.00%
40.00%
20.00%
0.00%

Other Media
Figure-7
Respondents opinion about frequency of accessing other media in a day
The above Figures-7 indicate that for entertainment the
adolescents have various other media and there frequency is
mentioned clearly. News paper is the most evident sector where
around 100% of population says that they read News paper daily
atleast for one hour. 344; 34 and 15 students read news paper
daily for one hour, two hour and three hour respectively.
Around 51.75% of total population of sample reads magazines
and 59.25% of respondents use internet, the fastest growing
communication media. 173 respondents read magazine for one
hour and 21 reads for two hour daily. Whereas 184 students use
internet daily for one hour and 32 uses it for two hour daily.
There are 10 students who use internet for three hours daily.
As maximum numbers of persons are having mobiles and
students use it for SMS as the shortest and cheapest sector of
communication. Around 222 students daily spend nearly one
hour for SMS to their friends. This segment is opted overall by
75.75% of total population.
MMS and iPods is a significant development of SMS and other
entertainment technology but is usable by only urban and higher
income group students; therefore 4.75% of total population use
MMS and 8% of total population use iPods.
Facebook most popularly and other social networking are fastest
in the growth to all segments of society. Around 205 students
spend daily one hour for social networking. They might be
moreover the same people who use internet daily. The total of
63.50% of sample population uses this media.
Telephone and Video games are also the segments for
entertainment where the student adolescents spend their
time.312 (78%) and 301(75.25%) of total population uses this
media respectively.
As the FM radio of various frequency is freely available in jaipur
therefore the students uses it as the all-time segment of

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entertainment. Around 93.00% of total students under study uses

FM radio and that also maximum uses it for two hours daily.
Books are the sources of knowledge for aegis. Students are the
class which keeps maximum study and general knowledge
books and study the most of time. Around 186 students study
books for three hours and 128 students might be of senior class
uses it for four hours daily. All 400 (100%) of students
respondents uses books daily.
Statistical Analysis: To test the hypothesis one way ANOVA is
used in the above data of opinions about frequency of using
other media by respondents.
Result: For (4,40) degree of freedom F0.05 =5.72
(10,40) df F 0.05 =2.66.

and for

The calculated value of F is more than the table value at 5%

level of significance. Therefore Null Hypothesis is rejected and
it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between
various Media Modes and there frequency of hourly watching
by respondents.
Statement:4 Where do you like to watch a movie?
Respondents reply is shown below in table 8 below:
Table-8
Respondents opinion about place to watch movie
Opinion of Respondents
No of
%age of
respondents respondents
Television
116
29.00%
Theatre
209
52.25%
Internet
44
11.00%
Home Theatre
15
3.75%
Multimedia
07
1.75%
Respondents Did not replied
09
2.25%
Total Respondents
400
100%

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News-Paper

Magazine

Four
Three
Hours
Hours
1%
4%
Five Hours
Two Hours
0%
9%

Three
Hours
3% Four
Two Hours Hours
10%
2%
Five Hours
One Hour 1%
84%

One Hour
86%

SMS

Four
Hours
2%
Three Five Hours
Hours
0%
1%

Three
Hours
Four Hours
4%
2%

INTERNET

Five Hours
0%

Two Hours
14%

Two Hours
24%
One Hour
80%

One Hour
73%

MMS
Four Five Hours
Hours 11%
10%

Three
Hours
21%

One Hour
32%

Social Networking

Four Hours
1%
Two Hours
15%

Three
Hours
3%

Five Hours
1%

Two Hours
26%

One Hour
80%

Figure-8
Pie Charts of Respondents frequency of using other media
The above Figures predicts about the opinion of respondents
about the place to watch cinema. Theatre is the most common
media of watching cinema with 209 respondents watching
cinema in theater, and holds 52.25% of total population.

International Science Congress Association

The television is the second most common place to watch

cinema or movie by adolescents. As it holds 29.00% of
respondents population.

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International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 23193565

Vol. 2(6), 19-32, June (2013)
Int. Res. J. Social Sci.
Internet is also the common entertainment media and 11.00% of
internet users watch cinema on Internet. Whereas other
respondents watch cinema at Home Theater or Multimedia. And
2.25% o f respondents did not replied to this question.

At 5% level of significance critical value (C.V) of t= 2.57 for 5

degree of freedom. Since the computed value of t= 0.35 is less
than the table value of t which falls in acceptance region; hence
Null Hypothesis Ho is accepted.

Statistical Analysis: To test the hypothesis with the help of

above opinion question and answers in table; students ttest
was applied. In the two tailed t test it was supposed that12-15.
Ho = = o
Ho = o; Where the population mean =50.

Statement: 5, 6 and 7: are related with frequency of

watching movie and other media, ringtones downloading
etc.
Responses to all these frequency of using media questions are
described in table 10 below of all the respondents:

Multimedia
Home Theatre 2%
4% Respondents Did not
Internet
replied
11%
2%
Television
26%
Theatre
55%

Figure-9
Respondents opinion about place to watch movie

Media
Theatre

Table-10
Respondents opinion about frequency of various media
No of Respondents (%age of Respondents)
Once in a Twice in Once in a
Once in Six
Daily
week
a week
Month
Months
02
16
09
229
144

Total No of
Respondents
400(100.00%)

Television

342

07

06

31

14

400(100.00%)

Internet

201

108

22

02

11

344 (86.00%)

Home Theatre

09

06

12

41

23

91 (22.75%)

CD /DVD player

64

121

119

94

02

400(100.00%)

Downloading Ringtones and Caller Tunes

15

46

29

74

65

229 (57.25%)

Print (Newspapers, Magazines, Journals, Books)

391

01

03

04

01

400(100.00%)

Audio(Visual, Television, Radio, FM)

388

02

01

04

05

400(100.00%)

New Media (Internet for movies, film songs)

08

06

09

07

41

71 (17.75%)

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28

%age of respondents

International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 23193565

Vol. 2(6), 19-32, June (2013)
Int. Res. J. Social Sci.
120%
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0%

Types of Media
Figure-10
Respondents opinion about frequency of various media
Daily
1%

Once in Six
Months
36%

Twice in a
week
2%
Once in a
week
4%

THEATRE

Twice in a Once in a
week
Month
1%
8%

Once in Six
Months
4%

TELEVISION

Once in a
week
2%

Daily
85%
Once in a
Month
57%
Twice in a
week
6%

Once in a
MonthOnce in Six
1% Months
3%

INTERNET

Daily
59%
Once in a
week
31%

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Once in Six
Months
1%
Once in a
Month
23%
Twice in a
week
30%

CD/DVD PLAYER

Daily
16%

Once in a
week
30%

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International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 23193565

Vol. 2(6), 19-32, June (2013)
Int. Res. J. Social Sci.

Home Theatre

Downloading Ringtones
& Caller Tunes

Once in a Month
1%
Once in a week
0%

Daily
7%

Once in
Six
Months
28%

Daily Once in a
Once in
week
10%
Six
7%
Months
Twice in a
25%
week
13%
Once in a
Month
45%

Once in a
week
20%
Once in a
Month
32%

Twice in a
week
13%

Twice in a week
Once in Six
1%
Months
1%

Daily
97%

Print(Newspapers, Magazines, Journals, Books)

Once in a Month
1%
Once in a week
0%

Twice in a week
Once in Six
1%
Months
1%

Daily
97%

Print(Newspapers, Magazines, Journals, Books)

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International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 23193565

Vol. 2(6), 19-32, June (2013)
Int. Res. J. Social Sci.
Once in a Month
1%

Audio(Visual, Television,Radio, FM)

Twice in a week
1%
Once in a week
3%

Once in Six
Months
1%

Daily
94%

New Media(Internet for movies, film songs)

Daily
11%

Once in Six
Months
58%

Once in a week
8%
Twice in a week
13%

Once in a Month
10%

Figure-11
Pie carts of Respondents opinion about frequency of Individual media
The above data in figures represents the opinion about frequency
of using other media by respondents. Theater is used by 400
(100%) respondents with maximum going once a month i.e 229.
Television is the most common entertainment form and is viewed
by 400 respondents i.e 100%. Television is watched daily by 342
respondents.
The frequency of using internet is daily for 201 students and 108
students once in a week. The total respondents who use internet
are 86.00%. Home theatre is less common and used by 22.75%
population of sample only.
CD/DVD is also common among students for watching cinema as
all the students i.e 400 respondents which holds 100% of total
population uses these entertainment devices. Downloading
ringtones is common these days mostly among students as
57.25% students uses this facility of mobiles. Around 46 students
uses it once a week and 74 uses once in a month. Normally the
movie watched in cinema impacts the students to download the
favorite song of the movie in there mobiles.

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Print media is the largest accepted and used media and 100% of
population uses this. 391 students reads daily newspaper etc other
print media. Audio FM radio is also used by 388 students daily.
New Media is also common among 17.75% population.
Films as mass media continue to play an important role in leisure
pattern of our society. Despite television, many people today go
to the theatre to see the films to enjoy the photography and music
and sound effects, whenever they have leisure time. (Srinivas,
1962), Some enjoy it on television, whereas, some watch it on
video at their own convenience, without being under the pressure
of following the time schedule of a theatre or television.
Many foreign films are also being shown in theatres as well as on
television. Many feel that these films pose a threat to our cultural
identity. These films help people to know the culture, values, and
people of the world.
As a result, they are able to select their value system with more
wisdom and maturity, because cultural openness also contributes
to the development of mind.

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International Research Journal of Social Sciences___________________________________________________ISSN 23193565

Vol. 2(6), 19-32, June (2013)
Int. Res. J. Social Sci.
Statistical Analysis: To test the hypothesis One way ANOVA is
used in the above data of opinions about frequency of using other
media by respondents.
Result: For (4,32) degree of freedom F0.05 =5.75 and for (8,32) df
F 0.05 =3.08.
The calculated value of F is less than the table value at 5% level
of significance. Therefore Null Hypothesis is accepted and it can
be concluded that there no significant difference between various
Media Modes and there frequency of opinion in respondents.

4.

Eugene V. Beresin M.D., The Impact of Media Violence on

Children and Adolescents, Opportunities for Clinical
Interventions, 23-33 (2007)

5.

CEDPA Facts on Asia and Country Profile, Girls Rights:

Societys Responsibility, Taking Action Against Sexual
Exploitation and Trafficking, Mumbai, (1997)

6.

Agarwal N.P., Advanced

Publications, Jaipur (2011)

7.

Ahmed S.A., Bombay Films: The Cinema as Metaphor for

Indian Society and Politics, Univ. of Cambridge, 305-14 (1992)

8.

Madan T.N., Non- Renunciation: Themes and Interpretations of

Hindu Culture, OUP, New Delhi (1988)

9.

Murthy N.V., Understanding Indian Cinema, in New Quest,

No. 71, September- October (1988)

Conclusion
The direction, in which Film Industry and Cinema are moving
today, has generated enormous social tension to which we have
not been able to find appropriate solutions. The situation as on
date is that via these commercials, power has been transferred to
business houses that have consistently ignored the social
implications of their actions. The problem is fundamental, as on
the basis of the review of literature, it has been established that
the content of Films and Movies is damaging for not only society,
but morality too. Complaints and concerns about Cinemas have
been extensive since their advent17,18. Although some substantial
research has been done on the positive and negatives both
consequences of cinema across the world, the behavioral
consequences and sociological impact of cinema on adolescents
and its values caused by exposure to them is yet an unexplored
area. The researchers have not come across much research on this
issue in India. This study is, therefore, timely as the society needs
to be made aware of the influence of Cinema on the social and
moral turnout of the viewers. Via this study, an attempt has been
made to evaluate the social implications of Impact of Cinema on
Indian Adolescents A Sociological Study of Jaipur Therefore
the current study proves that for adolescent Viewing Cinema as a
powerful medium of information, education and entertainment
results in the process of opinion building in various social groups.
And cinema is the medium of cinema reciprocates in bringing a
social change. And at-last it can be concluded that adolescents are
very much influenced by the cinema and they inhale
psychological, cultural, sociological changes along with the
drastic changes in lifestyle, behavior, and so on.

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International Science Congress Association

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