General Fighting
General Fighting
General Fighting
AFPM 1-15
INSPECTOR GENERAL
2014
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CHIEF OF STAFF
ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES
CAMP GENERAL EMILIO AGUINALDO, QUEZON CITY
EMMANUEL T BAUTISTA
General AFP
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GENERAL HEADQUARTERS
ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES
DOCTRINES BOARD
Camp General Emilio Aguinaldo, Quezon City
FOREWORD
Above all AFPM 1-15 describes the roles that IGs perform across the
levels of command from the General Headquarters (GHQ) down to the Major
Services and subordinate units in order to ensure the operational readiness,
the effectiveness and the efficiency of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
(AFP) in performing its roles in the different mission areas.
ALEXANDER S LOPEZ
Rear Admiral AFP
Chairman
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GENERAL HEADQUARTERS
ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES
OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
Camp General Emilio Aguinaldo, Quezon City
PREFACE
Purpose
Scope
Application
ZYRIL D CARLOS
Rear Admiral AFP
The Inspector General
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The AFP Inspector General Manual (AFPM 1-15) reflects the
operations and processes of the IG. This doctrine provides guidance to all
Commanders from the Chief of Staff, AFP, the Commanders of Unified
Commands, Joint Task Forces, the Major Services and their subordinates in
utilizing the Inspector General as a tool for the effective and efficient
management of the organization. The following are the chapters of the
manual:
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Promulgation i
Foreword ii
Preface iii
Executive Summary iv
Table of Contents vi
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER 2 ORGANIZATION
CHAPTER 3 FUNCTIONS
ANNEXES
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1. The creation of the Inspector General Service (IGS) (as part of the
Philippine Army) was mandated by Commonwealth Act Nr 1 (National
Defense Act) dated 21 December 1935. Inspection became a primary function
of commanders upon establishment and activation of Army camps and
training cadres. The National Defense Act states that The Inspector General
Service shall be charged under such regulations as the Chief of Staff may
prescribe, the making of such inspections, investigations and reports as may
be prescribed in regulations or directed by the Chief of Staff.
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2. The AFP IGS system consists of The Inspector General (TIG), AFP, the
Command Inspectors General of the Major Services, Unified Commands
(UC), and AFP-Wide Support and Separate Units (AFPWSSUs). The IGS
system also includes the sub-systems and processes with which the IGS
performs its functions. As shown in the organizational set-up below, The
Inspector General, AFP exercises technical supervision over all the Inspectors
General of lower units (Refer to Figure 1.1).
3. To maintain and safeguard the viability and integrity of the IG system, all
IGs working within the IG system adhere to IG policy, doctrine, and other
mandated procedures as established and promulgated by TIG, AFP.
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f. The relationship of the Inspector General, AFP with other IGs is that
they support each other within the IG System. When an IG conducts an
inspection of a lower unit, the IG of the lower unit assists the inspecting IG in
the preparation, conduct, and monitoring of compliance. On the other hand,
lower IGs request assistance from the IGs of higher units when the findings
are not implementable at certain IG levels of command. IGs are also required,
when directed by their commanders, to assist lower units or subordinate
commanders.
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b. The IGS covers the whole AFP. To accomplish its mission, the IGs
conduct inspection, determine the appropriateness of all corrective actions
taken on its recommendations and evaluate the effectiveness of the results.
All other inspectors embrace every phase of activity within the sphere of their
respective commanders responsibility.
1) Strategic Level. The strategic level is concerned with the art and
science of implementing government policies. At this level, the IGs concern is
on ensuring that the GHQ abides by national policies in the implementation of
its campaigns and in performing various missions.
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1. The IGS insignia consists of three (3) distinct elements, namely: a spear,
a bolo, and a wreath of Sampaguita leaves.
a. Spear. The native spear stands for authority and power. In earlier
times, the spear signified the power and authority of the chief of the barangay
over his subjects.
b. Bolo
2) The placement of the spear and the bolo, both pointed downward,
signifies that the IGS is exercising its authority, power, industry and other
virtues solely for the defense of the right to freedom. The blade of the bolo
that faces up serves to portray that the accomplishment of IGS tasks are
focusing on the swift (no red tape or undue delay), yet humane dispensation
of justice.
1) Such a wreath links the spear and the bolo and its choice as an
element of the IGS insignia serves to include the trait of nationalism that is
conveyed by the Sampaguita, the countrys national flower. Moreover, the
Sampaguita represents purity, honesty, and integrity, as well as exceptional
Filipino cultural and intellectual achievement.
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1. Manning of IG Offices
c. Other IGs. DND Circular Nr 2 also provides that the IG position is a key
position next to that of the Vice Commander in the Major Services. IGs in the
Unified Commands and other units are being held by senior officers with rank
and seniority next to the Deputy Commander of the command.
2. Qualifications of IG Personnel
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a) Basic inspection;
b) Basic investigation;
c) Research and/or statistics;
d) Organizational development;
e) Financial management; and,
f) Stenography.
3. Grounds for Disqualification. The following are the bases for automatic
disqualification of any officer under consideration to join the IGS (either in
permanent or temporary duty):
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have completed the minimum requirements for assignment with the IGS
(Prescribed career course and skills); and,
d. Removal from the IGS Eligibility List. Officers and EPs in the list are
deemed automatically disqualified upon separation from the service and
conviction by a court or tribunal for offenses involving moral turpitude. The
IGS Eligibility Board shall determine the suitability for continued inclusion or
removal from the list of the concerned officers or EPs for violation of
regulation. Removal from the list is subject to publication of appropriate
orders.
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CHAPTER 2
ORGANIZATION
Figure 2.1 The Office of the Inspector General, AFP Organizational Chart
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oversees the readiness of naval forces while Philippine Air Force (PAF) IG
ensures the readiness of PAF forces.
8. The organization of the IGs of the Major Services, UCs, and AFPWSSUs
is aligned with the organization of the OTIG, AFP to facilitate coordination and
synchronization of actions. The structure may vary in order to accommodate
peculiarities inherent in the major services and subordinate IG units. However,
IGs should not lose sight of the functions and responsibilities as prescribed
herein as guide in coming up with a responsive organization.
The duties and responsibilities of the OTIG, AFP serves as a guide in the
crafting of staff memorandum by lower IG units. Applicable and additional
responsibilities may be determined by the lower IGs in accordance with the
mission they are mandated to perform.
a. Inquires into, and periodically report on, the discipline, efficiency and
effectiveness, economy, morale, training, and readiness of the AFP to the
Chief of Staff, AFP;
b. Maintains and safeguards the integrity of the AFP IG system and report
on the effectiveness of the system to the CSAFP;
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a. Assists The Inspector General in carrying out the mission and functions
of the office;
3. Executive Officer
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4. Administrative Division
e. Maintains and updates IGS Eligibility List and monitors the proper
placement/assignment of IGS trained personnel;
g. Maintains and secures admin records and prepares office history; and,
5. Inspection Division
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6. Investigation Division
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1. Per GHQ AFP Letter Directive dated 11 June 73, subject: Additional
Duties of Personnel Serving with the Inspector General Service, personnel
performing IG functions should not be given additional duties which will
interfere with their primary responsibilities. The strict implementation of this
policy is further emphasized in the GHQ AFP Letter Directive dated 14 June
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CHAPTER 3
FUNCTIONS
The Office of the Inspector General, AFP advises the Chief of Staff on the
state of efficiency and effectiveness of the AFP units relative to all functions of
command.
a. The IG inspection is the primary IG function and the one that allows
IGs to have the greatest impact on readiness and war fighting capability
throughout the armed forces. The primary purpose of all IG inspections is to
resolve systemic issues throughout the organization and, in doing so, to
evaluate the effectiveness of policies, determine the root causes of non-
compliance, and recommend changes to policy proponents.
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accidents, high rates of military combat casualty, sea mishaps, among others.
Special inspections are conducted to ascertain the causes of such incidents
and enable the concerned commanders to take corrective actions. The results
of Special Inspections may also lead to investigations. Moreover, special
inspections may be conducted concurrently with AGIs.
f. The Inspection Cycle. Figure 3.1 shows the Inspection Cycle that
guides IGs in their work.
1) Planning/Preparation
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3) Improve the system. Inspectors view the unit like a manager who
aspires and acts to enable the unit to perform effectively and efficiently.
Instead of finding faults, they assist in providing solutions. They aim to inspire
the unit personnel. They bring to the attention of the Commander matters
which are of his concern.
2. Scope of Investigation
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4. Conduct of Investigation
b. After evaluation with the complaint and the Inspector General concurs
with the findings of the Chief, Investigator that the complaint has merits and
falls within the investigative function of IG, the course of investigation follows
the following procedure (Refer to Annex G Flowchart on the IGS Conduct of
Investigation).
2) Issuance of IG Directive
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requirements that which can only be ascertained through the careful study of
the directive and related documents. It is advantageous in each case to detail
the elements of the mission for constant reference during the investigation.
4) Research and Study the Case. A careful study of the directive, all
applicable regulations, circulars and bulletins are reviewed in order to
familiarize the inspectors general/inspectors with all aspects of the case. In
addition, inspectors examine all related documents at the headquarters and
copies of relevant material form part of the investigating officers working file.
Arrangements are made to send additional documents to the investigation
site. Relatedly, investigators also identify probable witnesses to be
interviewed and units/offices to be coordinated in order to collect additional
information and evidence to build up an air-tight case. All these actions are
meant to better prepare the investigating officers to perform their functions.
a) Testimonial evidences
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b) Documentary evidence
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and place under the circumstances alleged have an important bearing on its
credibility. Entries in a diary made in anticipation of investigation are closely
scrutinized. If a false entry has been made, it demonstrates fear of an
investigation. Generally, however, a statement of fact in an official record is
accepted as satisfactory proof of that fact; and,
c) Physical Evidence
6) Summon Witnesses/Respondents
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summons or similar directives without any justifiable excuse is dealt with the
extent allowed by applicable regulations or policies as circumstances may
warrant. Likewise, all AFP Commanders are directed to see to it that
concerned personnel comply with summons issued by proper authority
(CSAFP Directive dated 21 October 1996; Subject: Compliance with
Summons and Similar Directives).
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b. If there is reason to suspect that the witness is not telling the truth, the
investigating officer discovers this by adroit questioning rather than with
threats and accusations. If the witness is closely questioned, he generally
incriminates himself.
c. The witness is held to the issue. He is not allowed to wander from the
subject and introduce a mass of extraneous detail nor be permitted to evade
or avoid answering a question except on the grounds of self-incrimination.
Witnesses sometimes attempt to avoid giving a direct answer to a question by
a reply which is either evasive or not responsive to the question. This can be
avoided by asking simple, clear and direct questions. Complete statements
are required. The investigating officer controls the discussion.
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names of two new witnesses who, when questioned, supplies him with
valuable direct evidence.
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1) It must be intelligible;
2) The subject matter must be systematically arranged; and,
3) The statements and references must be correct.
c. Types of Written Reports. There are two types of written reports. Each
report is a formal, written document with sworn testimony and necessary
exhibits appended.
2) The multiple type report is normally used when there are numerous
allegations or when the subject matter of the allegations is complex. This form
of report has been defined as a report within a report since each allegation is
considered and treated as a separate matter within the body of the entire
report.
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As Inspectors General seek to further improve the quality of their outputs, they
continuously conduct researches and special studies on matters related to
their functions, particularly the conduct of inspections and investigations, and
their results. To achieve consistently good inspection and investigation
results, all IG personnel are equipped with the necessary competency to
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perform their tasks. IG courses and related trainings are, thus, offered for
military personnel and civilian employees within the IG system. IG trainings
and their impact on the IG functions are also assessed. Improvements in the
IG performance of functions are achieved through the research and training
function of the IG.
b. Training
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1. General Assistance
b. The PPBER is a management tool that provides the framework for the
conduct of program and budget evaluation processes. It is intended to assess
the results achieved and funds expended against AFP-established
programmatic and financial management objectives. The review output serves
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as the basis for timely, informed decisions toward fast tracking of planned
activities and realignment of resources during budget execution.
b. Programs and activities include those that are specified in the annual
plans of the unit and those directed and funded by higher headquarters.
Planned programs and activities are those that are undertaken purposely to
achieve a particular objective, task, or mission which has a regular budget
allocated to the unit concerned. Special programs and activities, sometimes
referred as unprogrammed activities, are those directed by higher commands
to be implemented by the lower units.
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b. The OTIG, AFP maintains the IGS Eligibility List and monitors the
assignment of IGS eligible personnel.
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CHAPTER 4
IG PROCESS AND OPERATIONS
The IG Process and Operational Cycle discussed in this chapter illustrate the
interplay of the IG functions of investigation, inspection, research and training,
and the other IG functions and activities,
1. The following is the process along with the activities through which the IG
accomplishes its mandated mission of reporting matters pertaining to the
performance of the mission, state of discipline, and efficiency and economy of
individual commands and installations:
2. As shown in Figure 4.1, the functions of IGs emanate from their mandate
of ensuring that units adhere to the performance standards set forth under
existing AFP Rules and Regulations. Reports or observation of violations of
regulations and policies emanate from complaints coming from individuals, as
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1) Setting Standards
(3) The Annual Plan and Budget (APB). The AFP APB sets the
limits within which AFP planning and budgeting is undertaken. Units prepare
their APBs based on their budgetary allocations. The APB outlines the AFPs
programs/activities/projects (P/A/Ps) and those of its units that ensure the
operational readiness and the accomplishment of Operations tempo
(OPTEMPO) activities in order to achieve the Major Final Output (MFO) or the
objectives of the unit.
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bases for evaluation but such practices are carefully evaluated and formalized
to become reliable references.
2) Planning Activities
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the conduct of inspections and investigations and vice versa through the
regular reporting of units of their programs and budget implementation. In
summary, to evaluate unit performance, the IG performs the following
activities to accomplish its functions which are discussed in detail in Chapter
3, Functions:
1) Report
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The AGI Rating Systems are parameters used on inspections of key units that
are undergoing that process to measure the set standards of the four key
inspection areas.
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unit is termed Partially Mission Capable which has a readiness rating of 51-
74%.
b. Leadership; Morale and Welfare; and, Discipline, Law and Order (LMD)
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to accomplish, or not, the objectives and the targets as reflected on its Annual
APB. For the UCs, mission accomplishment is an evaluation of the execution
of its campaign plans. Basically, campaign plans are operational strategies of
which its programs and activities are reflected in the APB for resource
allocation. Mission accomplishment also looks at the units compliance on
operational directives and priorities from the higher headquarters including the
DND.
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ANNEX A
GLOSSARY
CE - Civilian Employee
COA - Commission on Audit
CSAFP - Chief of Staff, AFP
EP - Enlisted Personnel
ETAD - Extended Tour of Actual Duty
HR - Human Rights
HRO - Human Rights Office
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PM - Provost Marshal
PPBER - Program Performance and Budget Execution Review
PDR - Philippine Defense Reform
RA - Republic Act
REDCON - Readiness Condition
UC - Unified Command
UPR - Unit Primary Responsibility
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Definition of Terms
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REDCON 1 (R1) The state of a unit being fully prepared for and
capable of undertaking sustained military operations to accomplish a given
mission, able to perform its given mission without assignment of additional
personnel and equipment and/or training; such units are designated as
FULLY MISSION CAPABLE.
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ANNEX B
REFERENCES
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Division, 5500 21st Street, Suite 2305, Fort Belvoir, Virginia 22060-
5935, April 2008.
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ANNEX C
RECORD OF CHANGES
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ANNEX D
RECOMMENDATION FOR CHANGES
____________________________
_________________________
______________________
(Originating Agency)
_________________
(Date)
Comment:
Recommendation:
__________________
(Signature of CO)
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ANNEX E
DELINEATION OF FUNCTIONS OF INVESTIGATING OFFICES
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5. Internal Audit. The Office of the Internal Audit shall recommend and
advise AFP unit/office on internal auditing functions in order to achieve an
efficient fiscal administration in the accomplishment of the AFPs mission;
conduct terminal and special audits; conduct fund and property audit on
accounts of accountable officers; update internal audit policies and
recommend necessary corrective measures; monitor and consolidate unit
compliance on findings and observations embodied in the COA audit reports
on GHQ & Major Services and IAS, DND reports for submission to higher
authorities.
6. Human Rights Office (HRO). The Human Rights Office shall plan,
implement, and supervise programs, measures, and mechanisms to uphold,
protect, and promote respect for Human Rights (HR) or adherence to
International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and other International HR instruments;
receive formal complaints on alleged violations of HR and IHL and cause
investigation; monitor/assess incidents of alleged violations as reported in
open sources and conduct immediate inquiry for further actions; monitor
violations of HR and the IHL by threat groups and cause the immediate filing
of cases/complaints and assists the victims/families.
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MATRIX OF DELINEATIONS
(Ref: AGPCR2 44-29 dated 30 September 1999; Staff Memoranda of OTIA and HRO)
Inspector Office of the Office of Ethical Judge Advocate Office of the Internal Human Rights Office
General Service Provost Marshal Standards and General Service Audit
General Public
Accountability
Conducts Maintains order Ensures the Files criminal and/or Recommends and Upholds and promotes
inquiries, and discipline in implementation of administrative cases advises AFP unit/office respect for HR and
researches, military the AFP Code of against active on internal auditing adherence to IHL
surveys, and Arrests and Ethics military/civilian function Receives formal
studies and investigates AFP Pursues AFPs personnel Conducts terminal and complaints on alleged
makes rules and vision to eradicate Files cases against special audits violations of HR and
corresponding regulations graft and corruption retired AFP personnel Conducts fund and IHL and causes
reports offenders Conducts continuous who committed fraud property audit on investigation
Assists in the Maintains and education and and abuse while in accounts of Monitors/assesses
formulation of operates complaint information active service accountable officers incidents of alleged
plans, policies processing offices dissemination Provides legal advice Updates internal audit violations as reported
and programs and detention towards to AFP investigating policies and in open sources and
Investigates facilities professionalization offices upon request recommends conducts immediate
irregularities in Investigates of the AFP necessary corrective inquiry for further
transactions and administrative Collects, compiles measures actions
violation of offenses in the and analyzes all Monitors and Monitors violations of
policies AFP sworn SAL of consolidates unit HR and the IHL by
committed by Assists judicial military personnel compliances on threat groups and
units and reports authorities in the and CE findings and cause the immediate
to the CSAFP enforcement of observations filing of cases/
court processes embodied in the COA complaints and assists
Maintains, audit reports on GHQ the victims/families
manages and & Major Services and
operates the IAS, DND reports for
centralized DLO submission to higher
clearance system authorities
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ANNEX F
FLOWCHART ON THE IGS CONDUCT OF EVALUATION PRIOR
INVESTIGATION
OP COMPLAINANT
DND
AGI INSPECTION
INDIVIDUAL UNIT
INDIVIDUAL YES
C, INVES RECOM
REFERRAL TO OTHER NO ANALYSIS OF
INVESTIGATIVE OFC NO
ALLEGATION
NO
YES
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ANNEX G
FLOWCHART ON THE IGS CONDUCT OF INVESTIGATION
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ANNEX H
IG REPORT OF INVESTIGATION
NO
REFERRAL TO OTHER
INVESTIGATIVE
OFFICE
YES
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