Ada446592 PDF
Ada446592 PDF
Ada446592 PDF
THE NATIONAL
SHIPBUILDING
RESEARCH
PROGRAM
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14. ABSTRACT
16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF 18. NUMBER 19a. NAME OF
ABSTRACT OF PAGES RESPONSIBLE PERSON
a. REPORT b. ABSTRACT c. THIS PAGE
SAR 19
unclassified unclassified unclassified
Antonio Manchinu
and
Frank McConnell
Shipping Research Services, Inc.
Alexandria, Virginia
Today no one in Norway uses any other system for ship breakdown. In addition, the
system is gathering a worldwide following.
The SFI Group System is a classification system for ship technical and cost in-
formation.
During the life cycle of a ship - from conceptual design through detailed design
and construction to operation and maintenance - much information must be exchanged
320
SRS SHIPPING RESEARCH SERVICES INC.
within an organization and between organizations. During the sixties, Norwegian
shipbuilding was booming. In addition, electronic data processing had come into
its own. Naval architects, shipbuilders, ship owners, regulatory bodies and
marine suppliers were looking for a common ground for specification indexing,
drawing, numbering and cost accounting.
The Norwegian shipbuilders took the lead, primarily because they were subcon-
tracting to each other, and asked their national research association to sponsor
an effort to develop a common ship breakdown system. The SFI Group System was,
thus, sponsored by the Ship Research Institute of Norway.
During the development phase, ship owners provided input to the working committee
and were, in fact, the first to test the system as a maintenance code on board
different types of ships - from cargo liners to North Sea trawlers. The exper-
ience gained from ship owners was very valuable.
The SFI Group System development was completed and tested in a pilot yard in 1972.
The test not only checked the comprehensiveness of the system but provided an
At the end of the test period, minor changes were made and the SFI Group System
was adopted by the Norwegian maritime community. Each user has a contact
who stays in touch with the Ship Research Institute concerning changes in ship
technology that might affect the system. The Norwegian Ship Research Institute,
or NSFI, maintains and revises the system as necessary to accommodate new technology.
The basic criteria for designing the SFI Group System were:
As shipbuilders had first crack at designing the system, the immediate argument
that had to be resolved was whether the system was to be function oriented or
Production oriented. This argument, although interesting, is moot. Production
methods change within a shipyard and certainly are different from shipyard to
shipyard. Engineering and estimating simply cannot accommodate a production-
oriented ship breakdown system whereas production can accommodate a function-
oriented ship breakdown.
The SFI Group System is, thus, a function-oriented system. Classification so-
cieties, ship owners and naval architects would be lost with a production-
oriented system.
Groups
Subgroups
1: Ship General
Includes costs which cannot be charged to any specific function on
board, such as launching, trial trips, guarantee work.
2: Hull
Includes hull and superstructure as well as cleaning and painting of
the ship.
4: Ship Equipment
Comprises equipment and systems which normally are peculiar to ships,
such as navigation equipment, anchoring equipment. It also includes
fishing equipment and weapon systems along with other working equip-
ment for special types of ships.
8: Ship Systems
Comprises auxiliary systems, such as bilge and ballast systems, fire
fighting and wash down systems, electrical distribution systems.
As an example, the freezing system for dry cargo would be derived from:
Illustrations of how this is presented in the SFI Group System book are:
Note that the description of each subgroup shows what that subgroup does not
include as well as what it does include.
The SFI Group System book contains several parts. There is a six-page guide to
use of the system follcwed by a matrix showing the 100 possible two-digit groups.
This is followed by a chapter for each main group. These chapters begin with a
325
SRS SHIPPING RESEARCH SERVICES INC.
EQUIPMENT FOR CARGO
35 36 37 39
LOADING AND FREEZING, RE-
FRIGERATING
GAS/VENTILA-
TION SYSTEMS SYSTEMS AND
DISCHARGING
SYSTEMS FOR AND HEATING FOR CARGO EQUIPMENT
SYSTEMS FOR HOLDS/TANKS. FOR CARGO.
CARGO.
substances. inhi-
bitors. spirits. etc .
357 367 377 387 397
Fuel gas system Special structures
with conditioning for loading/dis-
plant. charging over
sternistem.
Figure 1
326
SFI GROUP SYSTEM JAN. 73
36 Freezing, refrigerating and heating systems for cargo
362 FREEZING AND REFRIGERATING SYSTEMS FOR DRY CARGO
Freezing and refrigerating systems tar dry cargo (e.g. fruit, vegetables,
meat, etc.) and also for dry cargo and provisions combined, including such
as:
Refrigeration machinery with compressors including drive units, con-
densers, evaporators, cooling batteries, oil separators, driers, etc.
Circulation system (for brine, ammonia, Freon or similar) with circu-
Iation pumps, valves, insulation, pipes, etc.
Fans for circulation by/through cooling batteries.
Drip water trays with drain pipes.
Also included here is the refrigeration machinery (which follows the ship)
for containers, with connection hoses and associated machinery as stated
above, together with refrigeration machinery for plate freezers, for freez-
ing tunnel, for ice production and far RSW plant (Note! see also Ref.) with
associated machinery as stated above.
Ref: Containers with separate refrigeration machinery (which follows
the container) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Insulation of cargo holds and tanks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Ventilation plant with ozone generator, etc. for refrigerated cargo
holds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
dity, etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
Supply lines from separate cooling water system for cargo equip-
. . . . . . . . 384
RSW plant (seawater part) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
Plate freezers, freezing tunnel (in factory plant for fish, etc.) . . . . 468
Refrigeration machinery for provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 554
Supply lines from the ships main cooling water system for thaw-
ing (de-icing) of refrigeration machinery, se resp. s.gp in . . . . gp 72
Drain pipes from sink, including those, in cargo holds . . . . . . . . 804
363 DIRECT COOLING SYSTEMS FOR LIQUID CARGO
Direct cooling systems (one or more stages) for recondensation of gas
cargo, where the boil-off is extracted from the tanks, compressed and con-
densed directly by cooling water. The system includes such as:
Suction pipes from tanks or loading/discharging pipes with valves,
etc.
Fluid separators with return pump, piping, etc.
Compressors with drive units (low and high pressure compressors
for multi-stage plant), filters, etc.
Medium pressure vessels with equipment (for multi-stage plant).
Fluid collectors.
Cargo condensers.
Return pipes for the condensed cargo to tanks or to the Ioading/dis-
charging system.
Also included here is the arrangement for lubricating the compressors, with
equipment for oil regeneration.
The cooling plant, or parts of it, can have subsidiary functions (but comes
under this s.gp) and function as:
Pumps for cargo heating.
Producer of gas for transfer of cargo for discharging by means of
pressure.
Continues
The books are loose leaf to facilitate changes and are made of all water resis-
tant materials. A condensed, pocket-sized version containing only the main group
matrices and index is also available.
For those requiring even further breakdown than the three-digit system provides,
NSFI has developed two sets of supplementary codes. Designed primarily for ma-
terial, the first set is for direct purchased material and must be used in con-
junction with the appropriate subgroup (Figure 4). Using our freezing and re-
frigerating systems for dry cargo example, the number 362 003 would always
identify the freezing system compressor or compressors. The second, or section
2 detail code, is a listing of stock materials and does not necessarily need to
be identified with the appropriate subgroup (Figure 5). Each of the detail codes
contains three digits and is published in a supplementary booklet.
With its flexibility and functional orientation, the SFI Group System can be
used for any shipyard classification problem. It can, and should, be used con-
sistently in all of the following areas:
1. indexing of specifications
2. drawing identification
INDEX
Figure 3
329
S F I DETALJKODE MAI 1974 H.gr. 3/s. 23
Figure 4
330
S F I DETAIL CODE, FEB. 1976 M. Cl. 2/p. 1
CL. 22 PIPES AND HOSES INCL, PARTS FOR PLATE AND CAST
IRON PIPES.
S.cl. 220 General.
221 Steel pipes.
222 Non ferreous metal pipes.
223 plastic pipes and plastic hoses.
224 Other hoses and flexible pipes.
225 Plate pipes and associated parts.
226 Cast iron pipes and associated parts.
227 Discharge pipes and associated parts (sail pipes).
228
229 Diverse.
Figure 5
331
4. work package identification
9. estimating
After several years of use, the information retrieval capabilities of the ship-
Now, carry the application of the SFI Group System one step further as the Nor-
wegians have done. Have all shipyards, naval architects, marine suppliers, the
ABS, MarAd, the Navy and ship owners use the same system. Communications be-
come easy. Specifications for new construction, repair, material and subcon-
tracting are more consistent in format. Design and testing criteria for each
system can readily located. Cost and progress reporting do not need to be
translated from one account system to another. Duplicate sets of financial books
in the willingness of MarAd and the Navy to jointly agree to such a move.
With or without standardization, if your shipyard doesnt have a functionally-
oriented classification system similar to the SFI Group System, it should have.
And if your system isnt as good as the SFI Group System, it should be. The
http://www.nsnet.com/docctr/
Documentation Center
The University of Michigan
Transportation Research Institute
Marine Systems Division
2901 Baxter Road
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2150
Phone: 734-763-2465
Fax: 734-763-4862
E-mail: [email protected]