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    Community A Brief Introduction:: Norms Values Identity Place

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    Hamza Amjed
    A community is defined as a social unit that shares common norms, values, or identity, often in a specific geographical area. Communities can be small like neighborhoods or larger affiliations like national communities. They provide a sense of belonging through shared beliefs, resources, needs, and risks. Views of community have changed over time and there are different approaches, but all seem focused on understanding belonging. There are three main types of communities: rural communities in non-urban areas like villages; suburban communities located outside but near cities; and urban communities defined as densely populated cities or towns with over 2,500 residents. Characteristics of urban communities include density, diversity, modernization, and formal social structures.

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    Community A Brief Introduction:: Norms Values Identity Place

    Uploaded by

    Hamza Amjed
    95 views7 pages
    A community is defined as a social unit that shares common norms, values, or identity, often in a specific geographical area. Communities can be small like neighborhoods or larger affiliations like national communities. They provide a sense of belonging through shared beliefs, resources, needs, and risks. Views of community have changed over time and there are different approaches, but all seem focused on understanding belonging. There are three main types of communities: rural communities in non-urban areas like villages; suburban communities located outside but near cities; and urban communities defined as densely populated cities or towns with over 2,500 residents. Characteristics of urban communities include density, diversity, modernization, and formal social structures.

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    Sociology

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    Community

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    A community is defined as a social unit that shares common norms, values, or identity, often in a specific geographical area. Communities can be small like neighborhoods or larger affiliations like national communities. They provide a sense of belonging through shared beliefs, resources, needs, and risks. Views of community have changed over time and there are different approaches, but all seem focused on understanding belonging. There are three main types of communities: rural communities in non-urban areas like villages; suburban communities located outside but near cities; and urban communities defined as densely populated cities or towns with over 2,500 residents. Characteristics of urban communities include density, diversity, modernization, and formal social structures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    95 views7 pages

    Community A Brief Introduction:: Norms Values Identity Place

    Uploaded by

    Hamza Amjed
    A community is defined as a social unit that shares common norms, values, or identity, often in a specific geographical area. Communities can be small like neighborhoods or larger affiliations like national communities. They provide a sense of belonging through shared beliefs, resources, needs, and risks. Views of community have changed over time and there are different approaches, but all seem focused on understanding belonging. There are three main types of communities: rural communities in non-urban areas like villages; suburban communities located outside but near cities; and urban communities defined as densely populated cities or towns with over 2,500 residents. Characteristics of urban communities include density, diversity, modernization, and formal social structures.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    Community a Brief Introduction:

    A community is commonly considered social units (a group of people)


    who have something in common, such as norms, values, or identity. Often - but not
    always - communities share a sense of place that is situated in a given geographical
    area (e.g. a country, village, town, or neighborhood). Durable relations that extend
    beyond immediate genealogical ties also define a sense of community. People tend
    to define those social ties as important to their identity, practice, and roles in social
    institutions like family, home, work, government, society, or humanity, at
    large. Although communities are usually small relative to personal social ties
    (micro-level), "community" may also refer to large group affiliations (or macro-
    level), such as national communities, international communities, and virtual
    communities. The word "community" derives from the Old French comunet,
    which comes from the Latin communitas "community", "public spirit" (from
    Latin communis, "shared in common").Human communities may
    share intent, belief, resources, preferences, needs, and risks in common, affecting
    the identity of the participants and their degree of cohesiveness.

    Changes views of community:


    The idea of community is a confusing concept. It encapsulates issues
    of identity and belonging, similarity and difference, inclusion and exclusion, place
    and time, processes such as modernization, and has been considered both a spatial
    and social phenomenon. Some emphasize the communality of the term, such as
    Silks (1999; p6), suggestion that it infers common needs and goals, a sense of the
    common good, shared lives, culture and views of the world, and collective action.
    Others explore the relational aspect of the term, suggesting it offers a convenient
    shorthand term for the broad realm of local social arrangements beyond the private
    sphere of home and family but more familiar to us than the impersonal institutions
    of the wider society that can be identified in interlocking social networks of
    neighborhood, kinship and friendship Clearly, there are different ways of
    approaching the community question. These include communities based upon close
    geographical proximity), communities as localized social system binding social
    groups and institutions), or communities as forms of communion based on a
    common identity or set of believes and practices). All however, appear united
    around attempts to understand belonging.
    Types of community:
    Rural community
    Suburban community
    Urban community
    1) Rural Community:
    Any area that is not considered urban is rural. Countries and regions have
    different definitions of rural areas, and rural communities can define a
    region. The United States designates a rural area that has fewer than 2,500
    residents in an open part of the country. The Organization for Economic
    Cooperation and Development of Canada defines a rural population as an
    area where over 50 percent of the population lives in a rural community.
    Other areas of Canada may have anywhere from 15 to 49 percent of
    inhabitants living in rural communities. Urban areas have fewer than 15
    percent of a community dwelling in rural communities

    In general, a rural area or countryside is a geographic area that is


    located outside towns and cities. The Health Resources and Services
    Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
    defines the word "rural" as encompassing "...all population, housing, and
    territory not included within an urban area. Whatever is not urban is
    considered rural."

    Typical rural areas have a low population density and small


    settlements. Agricultural areas are commonly rural, though so are others
    such as forests. Different countries have varying definitions of "rural" for
    statistical and administrative purpose.

    Example:

    Pakistani village life is the traditional rural life of the people of Pakistan.

    The rural villagers of Pakistan commonly live in houses made of


    bricks, clay or mud. These typically have two or three rooms which house
    extended families. In the modern days they are living by making separate
    home for each family but they don't live way from each other, they are
    extending their villages by making more homes. In Gongrani, Baluchistan,
    people live in homes built within cliff-side caves that are connected by
    walkways. Most of the villagers are farmers but other rural occupations
    include blacksmiths, hairdressers and tailorers, shepherds.

    2) Suburban Community:
    Suburban means a community that is located in areas that are outside of the
    city or a large town. Another name for a suburban community is the suburbs.

    Many people who live in the suburbs often commute and work in the city.
    People from the suburbs get to work in many different ways. Some people who
    live in the suburbs, but drive to the city often drive in cars, take commuter trains,
    and shuttle buses.

    In suburban communities you will see housing subdivisions. Housing


    subdivisions are made up of single family homes on the same land. They are also
    known as cul-de-sacs. You will also see office parks or business parks. Not all
    people who live in the suburbs have to travel to the city for work. Some people
    also work in business parks. An office park or business park is a smaller building
    with 4-12 floors containing different business. In suburbs you will also see many
    roadways. The roadways in suburban are very important because they allow people
    to travel throughout the community and into the city.

    Example:

    All small places near cities like Lalamuse near Gujrat and so on..

    3) Urban Community:

    An Urban Community is a big city or town. It is considered an Urban


    Community if there are more than 2,500 people living in the community. Urban
    communities are often busy and crowded. Normally, the city is the most central
    location in a region. It is also referred to as downtown. In an Urban Community
    there are many buildings, houses, and people. People often live close together.

    In Urban communities you will see taller buildings. In cities there are
    often skyscrapers, which are very tall buildings. The tallest skyscraper in the world
    is in Taipei, it is the Taipei 101 and it is 1,671 feet tall. The tallest skyscraper in the
    United States is Sears Tower in Chicago, Illinois. This skyscraper is 1,451feet tall
    and is the fifth tallest in the world. You will also see many different forms of public
    transportation such as taxis, subways, and buses.

    Urban areas are also classified according to land use and density of population. But
    this can vary from developed countries to developing countries. For example, in
    Australia, urban cities must include at least a 1,000 residents with 200 or more
    people per square kilometer while in Canada, an urban area is defined with a
    density of 400 people per square kilometer In China, the density requirement for an
    urban area is about 1,500 people per square kilometer Statistically, two urban areas
    with less than two kilometers between them are considered one urban zone.

    Example:

    Like Pakistans urban areas include Lahore, Karachi, Islamabad, Rawalpindi,


    Quetta etc.

    Characteristics of urban community:


    Urban community is an area which is developed and civilized base on geographical
    condition. A sociological analysis urban community contains several salient
    features. The characteristics of urban community are following:

    1. Urban society thickly populated many people comes from rural areas and
    settles down here for batter facilities of life.
    2. This society has homogeneity in profession it means that there are many
    profession through which people can earn.
    3. In urban areas there is difference in dress, language and custom because
    there are a variety of people having different backgrounds.
    4. Have got fast means of communications that is they gets aware of what is
    happening around the word rapidly.
    5. The areas have got fast rat of change because of education and modern
    technology.
    6. These area have got complex culture because of mixing of other cultures
    in it.
    7. Urban areas have got formal social life. Urban areas have got weak
    interaction and ties on the basis of their complex.
    8. In these areas there is high rate of pollution because of factories and auto
    mobiles.
    9. In urban areas people not much gracious to their guests of their busy life.
    10. As a rule, in the same country and at the same period, the size of an urban
    community is much larger than that of a rural community. In other words,
    urbanity and size of community are positively correlated.
    11.Density of population in urban areas is greater than in rural communities.
    Urbanity and density are positively correlated.
    12.In case of urban community there is a preponderance of love marriages
    and inter-caste marriages. One also comes across a greater number of
    divorces. Sons and daughters considerable freedom choosing their life
    partners.
    13. In the urban areas, the major occupations and industrial, administrative
    and profession in nature. Divisions of labour and occupational
    specialization are very much common in towns/cities/metropolises.
    14.The urbanities attach supreme importance to their own welfare and
    happiness. They hesitate to think are act for the good of others.
    15.In urban community there is emphasis on rationality. People are inclined
    to reason and argue. There is relationship with others is governed, for the
    most part, by the consideration of gain are loss. Relationship takes place
    on contractual basis. Once the contract is over, human relationship
    automatically comes to a close.

    Characteristics of rural community:


    The ten essential characteristics of the rural community are as follows:
    a) Size of the Community:

    The village communities are smaller in area than the urban communities. As the
    village communities are small, the population is also low.

    b) Density of Population:

    As the density of population is low, the people have intimate relationships and
    face-to-face contacts with each other. In a village, everyone knows everyone.

    c) Agriculture is the Main Occupation:


    Agriculture is the fundamental occupation of the rural people and forms the basis
    of rural economy. A farmer has to perform various agricultural activities for which
    he needs the cooperation of other members. Usually, these members are from his
    family. Thus, the members of the entire family share agricultural activities. That is
    the reason why Lowry Nelson has mentioned that farming is a family enterprise.

    d) Close Contact with Nature:

    The rural people are in close contact with nature as most of their daily activities
    revolve around the natural environment. This is the reason why a ruralite is more
    influenced by nature than an urbanite. The villagers consider land as their real
    mother as they depend on it for their food, clothing and shelter.

    e) Homogeneity of Population:

    The village communities are homogenous in nature. Most of their inhabitants are
    connected with agriculture and its allied occupations, though there are people
    belonging to different castes, religions and classes.

    f) Social Stratification:

    In rural society, social stratification is a traditional characteristic, based on caste.


    The rural society is divided into various strata on the basis of caste.

    g) Social Interaction:

    The frequency of social interaction in rural areas is comparatively lower than in


    urban areas. However, the interaction level possesses more stability and continuity.
    The relationships and interactions in the primary groups are intimate. The family
    fulfills the needs of the members and exercises control over them.

    h) Social Mobility:

    In rural areas, mobility is rigid as all the occupations are based on caste. Shifting
    from one occupation to another is difficult as caste is determined by birth. Thus,
    caste hierarchy determines the social status of the rural people.

    I) Social Solidarity:
    The degree of social solidarity is greater in villages as compared to urban areas.
    Common experience, purposes, customs and traditions form the basis of unity in
    the villages.

    i) Joint Family:

    Another characteristic feature of the rural society is the joint family system. The
    family controls the behavior of the individuals. Generally, the father is the head of
    the family and is also responsible for maintaining the discipline among members.
    He manages the affairs of the family.

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