13 Ağustos 2015 Tam Yds Deneme Sinavlari

1
5. The correct time to start a baby on solid food

1. - 16.sorularda, cmlede bo braklan
---- its needs and readiness..
yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi
bulunuz.
A) builds up
B) depends on
1. The ---- of bromine in the Dead Sea water is
100 times that in the ocean.. C) cares for
D) puts forward
A) extraction
E) slows down
B) concentration
6. The word fossil ---- the English language from
C) composition
French at the time of Shakespeare meaning
D) complexity anything that was dug up or obtained by
digging..
E) sufficiency
A) broke into
2. North Korea is ---- to abandon its
nuclear programme without specific security B) turned out
guarantees from America and promises of
lots of aid.. C) carried away
D) went on
A) sincere
E) came into
B) nasty
7. Once the director ---- just how much was
C) boastful
at stake, he ---- immediate steps to deal with
D) unlikely the dispute..
E) provisional
A) realizes / will take
3. Maillarts graphical analysis of this B) has realized / had taken

particular engineering problem ----
mathematical complexity but could be C) had realized / took
applied to any cylindrical water container..
D) realized / takes
A) avoided E) would realize / has taken
B) deterred 8. The Romanian Privatisation Authority

announced last week that Renault of France -
C) abused
--- to be the sole bidder for a majority stake
D) negotiated in the national car company, Dacia, which ----
cheap cars for the domestic market..
E) released
A) would turn out / had made
4. The ---- thin walls of the alveoli allow oxygen
to move from the alveoli into the blood in the B) has turned out / made
capillaries..
C) would have turned out / is making
A) consciously D) is turning out / has made
B) adversely E) might turn out / makes
C) unexpectedly
D) extremely
E) alternatively
9. The name Kzlrmak emphasizes the colour 14. It took him several months to set ----
of this river, ---- the earlier name Halys the experiment, but results are beginning to
stresses its saltiness. . come ---- now..
A) whereas A) up / in
B) therefore B) off / over
C) whereby C) in / up
D) moreover D) over / out
E) indeed E) back / through
10. Henry VII's foreign policy was unheroic and 15. A prominent research scientist claims that
unspectacular, ---- did he go to war and that limiting alcohol intake can improve the
was when he invaded France.. overall health ---- breast-cancer survivors,
based on the belief that cancer risk may be
increased ---- alcohols action in raising
A) this once oestrogen metabolism..
B) never before
A) from / with
C) once again
B) through / over
D) only once
C) of / by
E) once more
D) about / at
11. Little is known about life on the ocean floor -
E) in / before
--- scientists have only recently developed
the technology for exploring it..
16. ---- the terrible state of the roads following
the heavy rains, it is almost impossible to
A) yet reach the village except in a tractor..
B) as
A) Unfortunately
C) though
B) Owing to
D) whereas
C) Even so
E) while
D) Except for
12. If microchips ---- from diamond wafers, then
E) In spite of
computers ---- less heat..
A) make / generate
B) had been made / will have generated
C) will be made / are to generate
D) were made / would generate
E) have been made / may have generated
13. Of the rock samples we have so far worked

on, this is probably ---- valuable..
A) the most
B) most
C) many
D) little
E) least
21. V.
17. - 21.sorularda, aadaki parada
numaralanm yerlere uygun den szck
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) While
B) Only if
Skiing is a winter sport which first requires sitting on a C) Until

chair lift at -5C with a wind chill factor of -40C, thus
making even (I) ---- devoted fans wonder why they D) Now that
are not sitting on a beach. As any skier will tell you, it
E) Unless
is all (II) ---- fear or going beyond. At a certain speed,
the thrills (III) ---- the fear. Thrills, in fact, (IV) ---- why
people love skiing. Then, there is the scenery. Skiers
often speak of how wonderful sights ski resorts offer
to people. (V) ---- it is true that many people are so
busy concentrating on tree avoidance that the bigger
picture is often missed, few pleasures measure up to
the feeling of exhilaration after a steep descent.
17. I.
A) the most
B) all
C) fewer
D) the only
E) rather
18. II.
A) across
B) towards
C) about
D) without
E) through
19. III.
A) has been overcoming
B) overcome
C) were overcoming
D) overcame
E) had overcome
20. IV.
A) perceive
B) conceal
C) abandon
D) explain
E) restrict
26. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) are studied
B) may be studied
The attempts, first by British warships and then C) were studied

troops, to force the Dardanelles in 1915 (I)---- one of
the most fascinating and controversial campaigns of D) must be studied
World War I. The Allies hoped to pass through the
E) have been studied
Dardanelles, drive Turkey out of the war and provide
assistance through the warm water ports of the Black
Sea (II) ---- a hard-pressed Russia. Winston Churchill 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
insisted on war, (III)---- his senior naval colleagues ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
objected. It was the first major amphibious operation
in modern warfare, using aircraft and photography
(IV) ---- radio communications and submarines. Its
lessons, positive as well as negative, (V) ---- by the 27. In general, when credit demand is low, ----. .
British planners for Normandy and even in the
Falklands conflict of 1982.
A) it is not sensible to take out loans during
deflation
B) following the wrong guideline could have been

22. I.
catastrophic
A) intend C) interest rates measure the cost of credit, not

the price of money
B) surrender
D) interest rates are correspondingly low
C) destroy
E) precautionary savings were rising at this time
D) submit
28. ---- even though shes still not prepared to
E) constitute
forgive herself. .
23. II.
A) The wrong person got blamed
A) to B) After all, she committed an error, not a crime
B) upon C) Others were also involved in the affair
C) within D) A lot of people have forgiven her
D) about E) She was wrongly accused
E) at
29. ---- who will become schizophrenic. .
24. III.
A) There seems to be a genetic predisposition
A) unless B) A cure is nowhere in sight
B) though C) Neither doctors nor scientists can accurately

predict
C) moreover
D) They confuse the real and the imaginary
D) since
E) Treatment of the disorder is improving
E) thus
25. IV.
A) because of
B) just as
C) in terms of
D) along with
E) in spite of
30. Before the 21st century has run its course, - 34. His temperature has returned to normal ----..
---..
A) until he goes off to another football match

A) the powers of computers have expanded vastly
due to advanced research B) if he stays quietly at home for a day or two
B) countless technologies not envisioned yet will C) that he will take two more aspirins in the
be available to us evening
C) a great deal of scientific effort is being made to D) why we all worried so much about him
find solutions to complex problems
E) so there is no need to call a doctor
D) most people in developed countries enjoy a
state of true health throughout their lives
35. A report issued by the International Energy
Agency warned that oil prices could be
E) our knowledge of the world around us has
volatile in 2016, ----..
improved to a great extent
31. If there is too much mineral accumulation in A) even though Venezuela had suspended trade
the compost, ----.. agreements with several countries
B) as several of Americas largest banks had

A) roots get burnt and plants die announced high profits
B) some plants need less fertilizer than others C) just as the inflation rate in the EU economic
zone has risen well under 1%
C) the flowering season was greatly reduced
D) so that Europes finance ministers came closer
D) most plants grow far more quickly in wet areas to agreeing radical reforms in banking
E) the growing conditions also need to be E) because production and refining capacity are
considered not enough to meet world energy needs
32. ----, water-borne diseases such as cholera 36. ----, others are more resistant to change and
will never be stamped out.. become dysfunctional and fail..
A) Though there has always been an abundant A) While most companies quickly adopt new
supply of water in these parts information technologies and thus survive
B) So long as the \'natives are educated in the B) Because companies differ in their goals and the
ways of hygiene strategies designed to reach them
C) Until their understanding of hygiene had been C) That most senior managers do not realize how
reinforced fragile the ongoing viability of a company can
be
D) Unless there is a safe water supply
D) Provided that the most flexible companies
E) If the mere boiling of water were adequate rapidly acquire new knowledge and apply it
quickly
33. Some studies report greater weight losses -
E) Unless the best companies meet the challenges
---..
that typically arise in the business environment
A) as if motivation can be taken into account
B) which had already been confirmed
C) when people eat or drink artificially sweetened

products
D) because the last meal of the day would be

alight one
E) though there is a
38. On dokuzuncu yzyln sonlarnda X nlar
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleye
kefedildiinde, bilim adamlar benzer tr
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke baka nlar bulmak iin hemen youn
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi aratrmalara giritiler..
bulunuz.
A) It was in the late nineteenth century that,

following the discovery of X-rays, scientists
37. Kuzey rlanda, Birleik Kralln ayrlmaz bir suddenly embarked on a serious research
parasdr; ancak, 1920de rlandann programme to trace various other similar rays.
Ynetimi Yasasna konmu olan hkmlere
gre, yar zerk bir ynetime sahiptir.. B) Following the discovery of X-rays in the
nineteenth century, comprehensive research
was soon undertaken by scientists in order to
A) Northern Ireland constitutes a major part of the detect other rays of the same kind.
United Kingdom even though, according to the
Government of Ireland Act of 1920, it is C) Towards the end of the nineteenth century,
governed semi-autonomously. when X-rays were discovered, scientists were
already involved in extensive research in order
B) According to the terms of the Government of to study other kinds of rays.
Ireland Act of 1920, Northern Ireland makes up
a significant part of the United Kingdom despite D) The discovery of X-rays in the late nineteenth
the fact that its government is semi- century motivated scientists to carry out
autonomous exhaustive research in order to detect other
types of rays.
C) Northern Ireland is an integral part of the
United Kingdom, but, in accordance with the E) When X-rays were discovered in the late
provisions made in 1920 in the Government of nineteenth century, scientists immediately set
Ireland Act, it has a semi-autonomous out on intensive research to find other similar
government. types of rays.
D) Northern Ireland is regarded as an essential

39. Shakespearein ailesi, idam, 13. yzyl
part of the United Kingdom and, under the
ortasnda kayda gemi olan Warwickshirel
terms of the Government of Ireland Act of
ekiya William Saksperee dayanmaktadr..
1920, is administered by a semi-autonomous
government
A) It is to William Sakspere, a Warwickshire robber
E) According to the provisions made in the 1920 in the mid-13th century, whose hanging is
Government of Ireland Act, Northern Ireland, recorded, that Shakespeares family is related
which is an inseparable part of the United
Kingdom, has a semi-autonomous B) William Sakspere was a mid-13th century
administration. Warwickshire robber whose hanging was
recorded and to whom Shakespeares family
can be traced
C) Shakespeares family can be traced back to a

Warwickshire robber, William Sakspere, who
was hung some time in the mid-13th century
D) Shakespeares family goes back to the

Warwickshire robber William Sakspere, whose
hanging was recorded in the mid-13th century.
E) Shakespeares family has been traced back to

William Sakspere, a Warwickshire robber,
whose hanging in the mid-13th century was
recorded.
40. The lungs are particularly prone to allergic 42. The Democratic Republic of Congos
reactions because they are exposed to large government set up a special commission last
quantities of airborne antigens, including week to review at least 60 mining contracts
dusts, pollens, and chemicals.. signed in the last ten years..
A) Akcierler, toz, polen ve kimyasallar dahil A) Son on yl iinde imzalanm olan 60 kadar
havadan gelen eitli antijenlere fazlasyla ak madencilik szlemesi, Demokratik Kongo
olduklar iin alerjik reaksiyonlardan ok Cumhuriyeti hkmetinin geen hafta
etkilenirler. oluturmu olduu zel bir komisyonca
incelenecektir.
B) Toz, polen ve kimyasallar gibi hava ile gelen
pek ok antijene ak olan akcierler, alerjik B) Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti hkmetince
reaksiyonlara olduka yatkndrlar geen hafta kurulan zel komisyon, ncelikle
son on yl iinde imzalanm olan 60 kadar
C) Alerjik reaksiyonlara fazlasyla yatkn olan madencilik szlemesini inceleyecektir.
akcierler, hava ile tanan toz, polen ve
kimyasallarn da arasnda bulunduu ok C) Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti hkmeti, son
sayda antijene aktrlar. on ylda imzalanm olan en az 60 madencilik
szlemesini gzden geirmek iin, geen hafta
D) Akcierler alerjik reaksiyonlara zellikle zel bir komisyon kurmutur.
yatkndr, nk toz, polen ve kimyasallar dahil
hava ile tanan byk miktardaki antijenlere D) Son on ylda imzalanm olan yaklak 60
aktrlar madencilik szlemesinin gzden geirilmesi
amacyla, Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti
E) Toz, polen ve kimyasallar gibi hava ile tanan hkmeti, zel bir komisyonu geen hafta
pek ok antijen, daima bunlara ak olan oluturmutur.
akcierlerde alerjik reaksiyonlara yol aar.
E) Geen hafta Demokratik Kongo Cumhuriyeti
hkmetince kurulan zel komisyonun amac,
41. Deprived of the moderating effects of the
son on ylda imzalanm bulunan 60 kadar
oceans, much of Central Asia experiences
madencilik szlemesini deerlendirmektir.
bitterly cold winters and boiling hot
summers..
A) Orta Asya ounlukla okyanuslarn yumuatc

etkilerinden uzak olduu iin, burada klar ok
souk ve yazlar olduka scak olur.
B) Orta Asya, okyanuslarn yumuatc etkilerinden

uzak olduu iin, pek ok blgede klar
olduka sert ve yazlar da son derece scak
geer.
C) Orta Asyann pek ok blgesinde klarn ok

sert ve yazlarn ok scak gemesi,
okyanuslarn yumuatc etkilerinin burada
bulunmamasndandr.
D) Okyanuslarn yumuatc etkilerinden yoksun

olan Orta Asyann byk blm, ok sert
souk klar ve son derece scak yazlar yaar.
E) Orta Asya, okyanuslarn yumuatc etkilerinden

tamamiyle yoksundur ve dolaysyla bu blgede
klar olabildiince souk, yazlar ise dayanlmaz
derecede scak geer.
45. It is pointed out in the passage that, in most
43. - 46.sorular aadaki paraya gre
professions, ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) foods with a lot of fat should never be

consumed
The immediate cause of obesity is the prolonged
consumption of a diet containing more calories than B) the amount of calories needed has increased
are needed to provide for the bodys tissue repair, dramatically
vital functions and physical activities. In modern
society, food has become very plentiful and C) people pay a lot of attention to the kind of food
attractive, and the physical effort demanded by many they consume
occupations has diminished. Most people in civilized
D) obesity has never been a serious concern
communities eat more than they require, and it is
surprising that obesity is not more common than it E) the amount of the physical effort previously
is.It is difficult to escape the conclusion that there required has declined
exists some unknown mechanism by which the body
is enabled to get rid of the surplus calories which 46. It is stressed in the passage that, if a diet
would otherwise be stored as fat. If there were not contains too many calories, ----..
such a mechanism, obesity would be much more
common.
A) the body becomes far more active and healthy
B) in the long run, it will most likely lead to obesity

43. According to the passage, it is not clear yet
by what means ----.. C) it usually has a good effect on the bodys vital
functions
A) fat is stored in the body and causes the D) its consumption should be stopped immediately
development of obesity
E) people in most civilized communities know how
B) obesity can be prevented most effectively or to avoid obesity
treated properly
C) the vital functions of the body can be

maintained most efficiently
D) the consumption of calorie-rich foods can be

increased in civilized communities
E) the body is able to eliminate its extra calories
44. One understands from the passage that

calories ----..
A) must be sufficient for the body to meet its

physical demands
B) are mainly derived from foods which are rich in

fat
C) are for the body to carry out its tasks and

activities
D) must be reduced so as to enable the body to

repair tissues
E) taken through the consumption of various

foods must always be limited
49. According to the passage, ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) most societies have solved the problem of
racism except the US
Nowadays, we all like to think we have got past the B) more and more studies reveal the situation on
racist nonsense of previous centuries, when even the racial attitudes is not what we would like to see
most eminent scientists, white ones, of course,
declared white people to be the pinnacle of human C) researchers have made enormous progress in
progress and other races to be inferior. We now eliminating racism
accept that no race is superior to another. There is no
D) various studies show that some people justify
question that most societies have made enormous
police violence
progress in eliminating such overt racial prejudice.
But an unsettling study published by researchers in E) Americans have considerably changed their
the United States suggests that there is still a long views regarding other races
way to go. Even today, the study finds, Americans of
various races still unconsciously dehumanize their 50. As it is pointed out in the passage, the
black fellow citizens by subtly associating them with experiment ---- ..
apes. In an experiment in which students were
subliminally flashed a photo of either an African-
American or a European-American face, and then A) produced results contradicting white scientists\'
beliefs
shown a blurry picture of an ape, those shown the
black face were quicker to recognize the ape. More B) tested whether police violence is justified on
troubling still, this association is not just confined to certain grounds
psychologists' tests: It also appears to bias people's
judgements about whether specific instances of police C) concluded that psychologists were wrong to
violence are justified. carry out the test
D) involved showing a picture of a human face and

of an ape
47. As can be clearly seen in the passage, racial
prejudice ----.. E) proved that racism is not as widespread as has
been thought
A) still prevails in this century
B) is the subject of previous centuries
C) can be eradicated with education
D) is the most observable in white scientists\'

attitudes
E) is triggered by exprements
48. As it is pointed out in the passage, ---- ..
A) over the centuries, racism has been declining,

especially in the US
B) more and more studies show that the white

race is superior
C) the association of a black face with apes is

evidence enough to show the existence of
racism
D) some races are inferior according to African-

Americans
E) psychologists do not believe there is racial

prejudice in the US
52. According to the passage, biodiversity hot
spots ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) are relatively small areas often damaged by

industrial practices such as dumping of toxic
Conservation biologists are applying their
chemicals or by such mishaps as oil spills
understanding of population, community, ecosystem,
and landscape dynamics in establishing parks, B) contain endangered species and unusually high
wilderness areas, and other legally protected nature numbers of species unique to that area
reserves. Choosing locations for protection often
focuses on biodiversity hot spots. These relatively C) would eventually be destroyed by human
activity in the next 10 to 15 years
small areas have a large number of endangered and
threatened species and an exceptional concentration D) consist merely of such aquatic ecosystems as
of endemic species, those that are found nowhere certain river systems and coral reefs
else.Together, the 'hottest' of Earths biodiversity hot
spots total less than 1.5% of Earths land but are E) are places where most species of plants and
home to a third of all species of plants and vertebrates have become extinct
vertebrates. There are also hot spots in aquatic
ecosystems, such as certain river systems and coral 53. It is explicitly stated in the passage that as
reefs. Because endemic species are limited to specific endemic species are only found in particular
areas, they are highly sensitive to deprivation of their places, ----..
natural environment. At the current rate of human
development, some biologists estimate that loss of A) they are very susceptible to habitat
habitat will cause the extinction of about half of the degradation
species in terrestrial biodiversity hotspots in the next
10 to 15 years. Thus, biodiversity hotspots can also B) hot spots have little terrestrial biodiversity
be hot spots of extinction. They rank high on the list
of areas demanding strong global conservation C) housing and beachside efforts at development
must be ended
efforts. Concentrations of species provide an
opportunity to protect many species in very limited D) concentrations of these species are to be
areas. However, species endangerment is truly a evenly distributed on Earth
global problem, and focusing on hot spots should not
detract from efforts to conserve habitats and species E) conservation efforts must be guided by critical
diversity in other areas. habitat factors
54. It is implied in the passage that one way to

slow the loss of biodiversity is to ----..
51. As it can be understood from the passage,
while some measures are taken to protect
species habitats, ----.. A) ensure the even distribution of species
B) get rid of the hot spots of endangered species

A) one must really increase human development
over the next 10 or 15 years C) control species population
B) aquatic systems need to be supported to D) establish protected areas

prevent drought
E) train conservation biologists
C) there have been no effects to protect the
hottest of hot spots
D) the conservation of habitats and species

diversity remains a local problem
E) biodiversity hot spots must be given priority in

conservation efforts
57. It is stated in the passage that the
progressive method ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) is praised by Stephanie Pitts in her book

A battle between traditional and progressive B) was first proposed in the last decade
educators has raged since the 1930s, when modern
approaches to musical teaching were first proposed. C) is part of the primary school approach
Stephanie Pitts, author and editor of the British
Journal of Music Education, charts the course of this D) provides fewer opportunities for children to
learn about themselves
battle in her book A Century of Change in Music
Education. Both camps argued for music's inclusion in E) places emphasis on personal expression
the school curriculum, but their justifications and
proposed teaching methods conflicted. On the one
hand, declared traditionalists, music was a body of 58. It is pointed out in the passage that the two
music approaches ----..
knowledge made up of the great symphonies and folk
songs of Britain's repertoire. Students could be taught
to appreciate and sing this 'national songbook' as part A) have more disagreements than agreements
of a cultural education. This was the method that
dominated the classroom for decades, and is still part B) are equally disliked by students in schools
across Britain
of the primary school approach. On the other hand,
responded the progressives, if music was an C) complement each other in more ways than one
expression of our inner psyche, then children should
be encouraged to play and experiment in order to D) agree that music is a body of knowledge
learn more about themselves. 'Bring something to consisting of symphonies and folk songs
make noise with', they shouted.
E) think that music education should be a normal
part of cultural education
55. It is clear in the passage that ----..
A) differences between the two schools of music

education are minimal
B) it is likely that disagreement over the methods

of teaching music will be resolved shortly
C) the progressives in the field of music teaching

have the upper hand in application
D) teaching approaches in music are more or less

alike
E) both teaching methods believe music should be

taught in schools
56. According to the passage, traditional music -

---..
A) has been challenged for almost a century
B) is outdated and should be replaced
C) has found little acceptance in most school

curricula
D) is best suited to the expression of the inner

psyche
E) was finally replaced in the 1930s in schools

across Britain
60. According to the passage, the research done
into the microbial contamination and safety
cevaplaynz. of organic foods has not given definite
results because of the ----..
There have been very few studies comparing the

A) inadequate size of samples studied and
microbiological safety of organic and conventional ignoring seasonal and regional differences
food production. In theory, organic food could be
more prone to microbial contamination due to the B) organic food industrys efforts to market its
lack of preservatives and the use of animal waste or products as a healthier and safer alternative
manure as fertilisers are more commonly referred to.
C) difficulty in regulating each point in the food
However, the results of the present studies have not
chain
been conclusive due to a number of factors, including
a small sample size and a failure to take into account D) fatal outbreak of E. coli contamination in
seasonal and regional variations. Clearly, organic and regions where the organic food industry is
conventional foods are susceptible to contamination common
by pathogenic microorganisms at every point in the
food chain. It can occur during production from E) long survival rates of many pathogenic
organisms such as E. coli and salmonella
manure and water, during processing from
environmental sources and during the final handling
and packing, possibly as a result of poor human 61. It can be understood from the passage that
sanitation. One area where organic production inorganic food production, the risk of
systems might pose a higher risk is through the use of contamination by E. coli and other disease-
newer untreated manure as fertiliser. Studies carried causing bacteria increases ----..
out on organic and conventional produce found that
E. coli contamination was 19 times greater on organic A) since additives are inadequately used to
farms that used manure or compost less than 12 improve the nutritional quality of food
months old than on farms that used older
materials.Though the risks are reduced as manure B) during the final handling and packing stage
matures, researchers have found that many C) if chemical fertilisers are used more than
pathogenic organisms such as E. coli and salmonella manure or compost
can still survive up to 60 days or more in compost and
in the soil, depending on temperature and the D) when organic farmers use newer untreated
condition of the soil. manure as fertiliser
E) even if farmers wait for the maturation of

animal manure for use in the soil
59. It is clearly stated in the passage that both
organic and conventional foods ----..
62. One point made in the passage is that the
risk of contamination by E. coli could be
A) have brought many benefits to farmers, food reduced to a certain extent ----..
producers and consumers around the world
A) if organic farmers switch to the use of compost
B) have been extensively studied in the food chain
as fertiliser
for their microbiological safety
B) once further studies are carried out
C) depend on animal waste as the best source for
fertilisers
C) if manure or compost used as fertiliser is 12
months or older
D) are susceptible to contamination only if the
safety measures are not taken by farmers
D) unless E. coli or other disease-causing bacteria
are spotted within 60 days
E) can be contaminated due to environmental
sources and poor human sanitation
E) when soil nutrients are replenished with the
use of synthetic fertilisers
65. Kenny :- Ive heard that they are privatizing
63. - 67.sorularda, karlkl konumann
this bank.
bo braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek
ifadeyi bulunuz. Peter :- Yes, so they say.
Kenny :- ----
63. Manager: The Annual Shareholders Meeting Peter :- I dont have any precise information
is coming up. So we must get prepared for it. about them, but there are rumours that there
are at least two..
Secretary: Thats true. How, can I help?
Manager: _____ A) When is the privatization taking place?
Secretary: Of course, thats easy. It will be B) Do you know anything about the bidders?
ready by tomorrow..
C) How many people are employed at the bank?
A) Have the letters of invitation been sent out yet? D) Do you know whom they sold it to?
B) Wed better have a board meeting today. E) For how long has this bank operated?
C) I dont know. But there are likely to be a lot of

66. Helen : How long have the TVs nature
complaints.
documentaries been going?
D) Get the usual statistical information ready for Beth : For at least 40 years, I should think. -
me. ---.
Helen : Indeed they have. In one of the latest,
E) I know many of the employees are expecting a they actually show a penguin chick
sizeable rise in their wages. developing inside its egg!.
64. John: What do you think is the most serious A) The series explores the limits of animal
threat to our childrens future? endurance in hostile environments.
Nicole: Well, probably that there wont be B) And over that time theyve been transformed
enough energy. We need to develop beyond recognition.
alternatives to fossil fuels like petrol.
C) Moreover, the films grow even more
John: ---- spectacular and sophisticated.
D) Some of the worlds leading wildlife camera

Nicole: Probably, wind power. We need to use
teams are with the BBCs national history unit.
energy from the wind to meet our energy
needs in the future.. E) Some remarkable footage has been shot.
A) How will that work? Are you saying we should 67. Brian : The aim of this article, apparently, is
stop using our cars? to show that Shakespeare isnt as special as
hes made out to be!
B) That doesnt sound right. I am afraid I disagree Fred : ----
with you. Brian : Well; it points out that Shakespeares
King Lear and Cervantes Don Quixote were
C) What do you think is the best form of
written in the same year, and then asks
alternative energy?
which is the best?
D) Global warming is forcing everyone to think Fred : Yes. A tricky question. Thought-
about alternative energy. provoking, too..
E) People should give up their luxurious lifestyles

A) I dont want to hear any more!
and use less energy.
B) I shant bother to read it!
C) How does it manage to do that?
D) Thats the fashionable approach at the

moment!
E) Didnt Marlowe write his plays?

70. Although for many individuals, personal
68. - 71.sorularda, verilen cmleye anlamca
ethics are rooted in religious beliefs, this is
en yakn cmleyi bulunuz. not true for everyone..
A) Each individual has his own ethical standards

68. Until recently people felt that Nigerian and these always reflect his religious beliefs.
ministers were being too optimistic, but
there is now no question that the countrys B) Everyone has his own ethical code which may
financial position is growing steadily or may not have a religious foundation.
stronger..
C) With most people religious beliefs and ethical
standards are largely in harmony, at least in
A) It is now clear that Nigerias economy is in a most situations.
strong upward cycle but previously people
doubted the hopeful attitude of Nigerian D) There is a religious basis to the special ethical
ministers code of many people, but not, by any means, of
all people.
B) Nigerian ministers today have no
apprehensions about their countrys financial E) Ethical standards usually effect religious beliefs
status, as it is plain that it is constantly getting but there are certain rare exceptions.
better.
C) In the past, even though Nigerias economic 71. Over the years researchers have learned a lot
status was constantly improving, people were about how and why cancer forms. .
often mistrustful of its ministers confident
views. A) Through their research into cancer, scientists
have finally discovered the causes of the
D) Though Nigerian ministers were previously
disease and suggested various forms of
sceptical of positive ideas about their countrys
treatment.
financial status, it has become obvious that its
economy is advancing day by day. B) For many years, scientists have carried out
much research into different types of cancer
E) Today we see that Nigeria is progressing
and are now able to discuss them fully.
economically, but in the recent past, this was
not the case and economists were wary of the C) It has taken a long time for scientists to find out
optimistic views of its leaders. about various kinds of cancer and suggest
different methods of treatment.
69. An engineer must attempt to foresee possible
misuses of a product by a consumer, and D) For many years, cancer research has been a
take this into account in his design.. serious concern for researchers, who are now
able to explain the causes of this disease.
A) When designing a product an engineer should E) Those who are involved in cancer research
consider how a consumer might misuse it, and have, over time, come to know much about the
adjust the design accordingly. ways and causes of the diseases development.
B) An engineer should never forget that his

products will be misused and so he must make
them as safe as possible.
C) In designing a product, an engineer should

remember that it will most likely be misused by
consumers unless his design prevents this.
D) An engineer should design products that

consumers cannot possibly misuse.
E) Engineers know that, however well a product

has been designed, consumers will always find
a way to misuse it.
74. Ballet is theatrical representation in dance
72. - 75.sorularda, bo braklan yere,
form in which music also plays a major part in
parada anlam btnln salamak iin telling a story or conveying a mood. Some
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz. such form of entertainment existed in ancient
Greece. ----. From there, it was taken by
Caterina de Medici in the 16th century to
France in the form of a spectacle combining
72. In recent years, the amount of aid for singing, dancing, and speech. During the
developing countries has increased, and the 18th century, there were major developments
price of many drugs has fallen. So why does in technique, and ballet gradually became
one third of the worlds population still lack divorced from opera, emerging as an art form
access to proper healthcare? ----. Many in its own right..
charge high tariffs on life-saving medicines
and equipment, sometimes even taxing
products that are donated for free.. A) Ballet developed in the UK through the
influence of Marie Rambert
A) If these tariffs were lowered, it would B) But Western ballet as we know it today first
dramatically increase access to appeared in Renaissance Italy, where it was a
pharmaceuticals form of court entertainment
B) Thus, even in places where tariffs are waived, C) Ballet developed further in the USA through the
other barriers remain work of George Balanchine and the American
Ballet Theater
C) To a large extent, the fault lies with the poor
countries themselves D) In fact, it was drama, rather than ballet, which
greatly appealed to the Greeks
D) Naturally, it is the right of any nation to raise
income as it sees fit E) In the 20th century, Russian ballet had a vital
influence on the classical tradition in the West
E) These regulatory constraints are imposed on a
wide variety of medical equipment as well as
drugs 75. ----. For instance, Alpine scenery
predominates in the Tatra Mountains to the
south, while the North is dominated by lakes.
73. Konya is well-known for the life and work of Mountain lovers can make use of the well-
Celaleddin Rumi, or Mevlna, the founder of developed infrastructure of hostels and
the Mevlevi dervish sect in 13th century. ---- shelters, such as those found in the Tatras.
He brought his teachings to Seljuk-ruled The countless lakes of Warmia and Mazuria,
Konya and died there in 1273.. collectively known as the Land of a Thousand
Lakes, are a haven for water-sports
enthusiasts..
A) Mevlna Museum, which contains the tomb of
Rumi, is similar to a dervish lodge (tekke).
A) Since 1989, many new luxury hotels have been
B) Spiritual union and universal love were the built in Poland and the majority of them belong
central beliefs of his philosophy. to international hotel chains
C) Konyas largest mosque, Alaeddin Mosque, was B) Polands borders have changed continually with
finished in 1220 by Alaeddin Keykubad I. the course of history
D) The Semahane used to be the setting for the C) Bordering the Baltic Sea, Poland is one of the
whirling ceremony, but now it is a museum. largest countries in Central Europe, with a
population of around 39 million
E) Rumis father and some other dervish leaders
also set up their own sects. D) Warsaw, the capital of Poland, is located at the
centre of Poland, on the banks of the Vistula
River
E) Although situated on the plains of Central

Europe, Poland has an extremely varied
landscape
78. (I) Administrative law first came into use in
76. - 80.sorularda, cmleler srasyla
Turkey with the introduction of continental
okunduunda parann anlam btnln European legal thinking in the 19th century.
bozan cmleyi bulunuz. (II) The most influential model was that of
French administrative law. (III) This model
developed in the 1890s as a result of the
growing influence of Western academic
76. (I) Modern Bergama is a sleepy agricultural institutions, namely the Law and Political
market town in the midst of a well-watered Science Schools in Istanbul. (IV) The model
plain. (II) There has been a town here since was further developed when a system of
Trojan times. (III) Of Bergamas four main administrative courts, modelled on a French
tourist attractions, only the museum is in the pattern, was established by the Republic in
centre of the town. (IV) However, it was 1927. (V) Unlike the German and French
during the period between Alexander the Constitutions, the Turkish Constitution does
Great and the Roman domination that not merely characterize the Republic as a
Bergama, then called Pergamum, enjoyed its social state..
greatest prosperity. (V) At that time, it
became one of the Middle Easts richest and
most powerful small kingdoms.. A) I
B) II
A) I
C) III
B) II
D) IV
C) III
E) V
D) IV
E) V 79. (I) Science is systematic because of the

attention it gives to organizing knowledge
and making it readily accessible to all who
77. (I) The governments of the EU, the US, China, wish to build on its foundation. (II) If the
India, Japan, Russia and Korea initialled a results support the hypothesis, the scientist
treaty to build the International may use them to generate related
Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), hypotheses. (III) In this way science is both a
the worlds largest fusion machine, in personal and a social endeavour. (IV) In other
Provence, France. (II) It will take a decade to words, it is beneficial both to the individual
build and will then run for two further and to society at large. (V) Moreover, science
decades, performing tens of thousands of contributes a great deal to the improvement
fusion experiments. (III) At the end of that and the quality of human life..
time, say its backers, the world will know
once and for all if nuclear fusion is technically
viable. (IV) Once this point has been settled, A) I
the costs can be taken into consideration. (V)
As well as being the largest, the fusion B) II
reactor known as JET in Culham, Britain, is,
by common consent, the worlds most C) III
successful..
D) IV
A) I E) V
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
80. (I) The brains functions are both mysterious
and remarkable. (II) From the brain come all
thoughts, beliefs, memories, behaviours, and
moods. (III) The brain is the site of thinking
and the control centre for the rest of the
body. (IV) Before performing a physical
examination, the doctor interviews the
patient to obtain his or her medical history.
(V) The brain coordinates the ability to move,
touch, smell, hear, and see..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
SORU CEVAP SORU CEVAP
1 B 41 D
2 D 42 C
3 A 43 E
4 D 44 C
5 B 45 E
6 E 46 B
7 C 47 A
8 E 48 C
9 A 49 B
10 D 50 D
11 B 51 E
12 D 52 B
13 A 53 A
14 D 54 D
15 C 55 E
16 B 56 A
17 A 57 E
18 C 58 A
19 B 59 E
20 D 60 A
21 A 61 D
22 E 62 C
23 A 63 D
24 B 64 C
25 D 65 B
26 C 66 B
27 D 67 C
28 D 68 A
29 C 69 A
30 B 70 D
31 A 71 E
32 D 72 C
33 C 73 B
34 E 74 B
35 E 75 E
36 A 76 C
37 C 77 E
38 E 78 E
39 D 79 B
40 D 80 D
2
5. The partially digested food is ---- as it passes
along the small intestine..
bulunuz.
A) got off
B) broke down
1. The practical ---- of soil mechanics includes
the design of foundations and earth- C) let down
retaining structures..
D) gave in
A) application E) took off
B) appreciation 6. Cosmological and astrophysical observations

indicate that most of the universe is ----
C) reference
invisible substances that do not emit
D) detention electromagnetic radiation..
E) elimination
A) made up of
2. In the case of opera, the benefits of being B) taken over by

able to experience the whole production from
the comfort of your armchair are very ----.. C) lost in
D) held on
A) subtle
E) broken away from
B) demonstrative
7. Professional tennis, which got its start in
C) deliberate
1926 when the French player Suzanne
D) excessive Lenglen ---- 50, 000 US dollars for a tour, only
---- full recognition in 1968..
E) attractive
A) had been paid / has received
3. The Abel Prize in mathematics is intended
to finally ---- the gap left by Alfred Nobel, B) was paid / received
who chose to ignore mathematics when he
established the Nobel prizes.. C) has been paid / would receive
D) is paid / receives
A) fill
E) would be paid / had received
B) link
8. Throughout his term in office, President
C) avoid
Clinton ---- by allegations relating to the
D) refuse Whitewater real estate deal in which he and
his wife, Hillary Clinton, ---- prior to the 1992
E) exceed election..
4. Whereas in the past, some Asian countries A) is dogged / are involved

were driven ---- by ideology, today,
economics has become their driving force.. B) had been dogged / were involved
C) was dogged / had been involved

A) respectively
D) has been dogged / have been involved
B) unequally
E) was being dogged / may have been involved
C) likely
D) entirely
E) favourably
9. Unfortunately, ---- current 14. Immigrants who enter the borders of the
productivity growth looks impressive, the United States ---- early ---- 1900s and
rise in profits over the coming years is likely emigrated back to their original countries are
to prove disappointing.. estimated to be 30% of all admitted
immigrants..
A) since
A) such / that
B) just as
B) so / as
C) even though
C) more / than
D) if
D) too / for
E) which
E) as / as
10. ---- inflation and unemployment rise sharply
in Europe, the solidarity of the European 15. While fossil fuels took millions of years ----,
Union could break down in some damaging biofuels ---- in just a few months..
ways..
A) produced / were created

A) If
B) producing / created
B) As if
C) to be produced / has been created
C) Unless
D) to produce / are created
D) Until
E) having produced / may be created
E) Even though
16. Most of us are aware ---- our cars, our coal-
11. Public attention focuses ---- infant mortality generated electric power and even our
as a prime indicator of changes in a societys cement factories adversely affect the
health.. environment..
A) on A) whose
B) to B) that
C) at C) what
D) over D) whom
E) into E) which
12. ---- first consulting us I dont think he had

any right to reach such an agreement ---- the
strikers..
A) By / over
B) After / on
C) Before / from
D) In / to
E) Without / with
13. Plenty of evidence has come to light to prove

that he has been involved ---- smuggling..
A) through
B) at
C) by
D) in
E) over
21. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) has been prompting
B) is prompting
Water recycling is reusing wastewater to save C) will be prompting

bothenergy and the environment. Landscape
irrigation, cooling processes in oilrefineries and dust D) was prompting
control are (I) ----the most common non-potable (not
E) had been prompting
for drinking) purposes. Recycled water canmeet most
water demands (II) ---- itis adequately treated to
ensure waterquality. In situations where people are
overly (III) ---- to recycled water, they are more likely
to contractdiseases. However, no documented cases
of human health problems (IV) ---- contact with
recycled waterhave been reported. As such, demand
for recycled water is increasing veryrapidly, and with
no doubt, it (V) ----many recycling projects across the
world in following decades.
17. I.
A) upon
B) over
C) with
D) about
E) among
18. II.
A) so that
B) as long as
C) even though
D) as if
E) whereas
19. III.
A) exposed
B) objected
C) devoted
D) sentenced
E) entitled
20. IV.
A) as well as
B) rather than
C) as opposed to
D) instead of
E) due to
25. IV.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) cut down on
B) go in for
Cities, large and small, are at the heart of a fast C) turn back on
changingglobal economy they are a cause of, and a
response to world economic growth.Many urban areas D) fall behind with
are growing (I) ----their rural hinterlands are
E) make up for
depressed, which forces impoverished rural peopleto
move to the cities in search of work. These
newcomers often end up not (II) ---- the opportunities 26. V.
they arelooking for, so they become part of the urban
poor. (III) ---- arrival to the city, they often encounter A) Despite
lack ofhousing and infrastructure services. To (IV)----
the lack of available homes, newcomers often set up B) For the sake of
shelters on the cityoutskirts, usually on public-owned
land. They often live without electricity,running water, C) Unlike
a sewerage system, roads and other urban services. D) Owing to
(V) ---- dealing with poor sanitation andpollution from
dirty cooking fuels and primitive stoves, they are E) In addition to
exposed tomodern environmental hazards, such as
urban air pollution, exhaust fumes and
industrialpollution. 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
22. I.
27. ---- that engineers do not restrict themselves
to technical matters. .
A) unless
B) in case A) The engineering curriculum has long required

C) so that B) Many potential leaders were of the opinion
D) whenever C) The courses involved substantial reading and
writing assignments
E) because
D) The aim was to attract a wider audience
23. II.
E) He acquired a sophisticated knowledge of
scientific and technical matters
A) to find
28. ---- even though shes still not prepared to
B) finding
forgive herself. .
C) to have found
A) The wrong person got blamed
D) being found
B) After all, she committed an error, not a crime
E) to be found
C) Others were also involved in the affair
24. III.
D) A lot of people have forgiven her
A) About E) She was wrongly accused
B) To
C) Upon
D) For
E) By
29. When glucose or fatty acids are limited, ----.. 32. Kerrich carried out exhaustive experiments in
probability ----..
A) each antibody is designed to destroy just one

invader A) until the coin has been tossed a thousand times
B) cells are forced to use amino acids for energy B) if he had been arrested when the Germans
and glucose invaded Denmark
C) plant proteins are of lower quality than animal C) whether the coin toss is truly random
proteins
D) while he was interned in a camp in Jutland for
D) the body would have no storage site for extra the duration of the war
amino acids
E) that he has been acclaimed as one of South
E) in a normal, healthy individual, most diseases Africa\'s leading mathematicians
never have a chance to get started
33. Manufacturers could bring down the prices of
30. ---- because he had led the country into four their products ----..
wars which he had lost, and brought
economic ruin to his people..
A) in spite of careful market research
A) Serbia experienced widespread corruption B) as companies misjudge the market

under Milosevic, who ruled the country as a
dictator C) knowing how much the public was prepared to
pay
B) Many Serbians felt humiliated by the atrocities
committed in Bosnia by the Milosevic D) instead of spending so much on advertising
government
E) not only must you supply good product
C) Milosevics rule in Serbia literally meant
political tyranny, which led to pro-democracy 34. Environmentalists are not often fond of
protests in the country dams ----..
D) Milosevic, the ex-president of Serbia, was
protested nationwide and then removed from A) which had been built for both energy and
power irrigation
E) Today Serbias writers constantly remind their B) though two negative ecological forces
people of the shameful past of their country cancelled each other out
under Milosevic
C) unless the dams actually held back a vast
sedimentation load
31. If only she had come up with some positive
suggestions, ----.. D) since they frequently trap migratory fish
E) that failed to preserve their biological variety

A) the scheme certainly had very many drawbacks
over the years
B) nobody else is likely to complain
35. I would naturally have felt extremely
C) so far this is the best thesis to be submitted disappointed ----..
D) the others will already have been rejected
A) since he must have been by far the best
E) I wouldnt have minded her criticism of the applicant
project
B) unless the competition has had very few
entrants
C) even though the two teams were

extraordinarily well matched
D) if they hadnt sent us an invitation to the

concert
E) as the first prize went to a racist author

36. ----, it was not long before they could resume 38. Tiroid bezi ilevini yerine getirmedii zaman,
broadcasting.. bazal metabolizma hz yaklak % 40 der..
A) If only their permit had been renewed A) Invariably, the basal metabolic rate falls to
40% as soon as thyroid function is reduced.
B) Once the fault in the system had been found
B) When the thyroid gland does not carry out its
C) So long as the electrical supply remains stable function, the basal metabolic rate is reduced by
about 40%.
D) Since the maintenance team were on leave
C) Since there is no thyroid function, the basal
E) However unwelcome the delay might be metabolic rate has dropped to a level of 40%.
D) The reduction of the basal metabolic rate to a

37. - 42.sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleye level of 40% is inevitable only if the thyroid
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke ceases to function.
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi
bulunuz. E) A 40% reduction of the basal metabolic rate
occurs when the thyroids function is
compromised.
37. Elmaslar, muhteem gzellikleri iin ok 39. Gladyatr dvleri ilk kez Romada, M..
iddetle arzu edilir, ancak basit gerek u ki 264 ylnda, Junius Brutusun oullar
onlar sadece sktrlm kristalize tarafndan babalarnn ansna
karbondur.. dzenlenmitir..
A) Because of their wonderful beauty, one always A) Gladiator fights were first organized in Rome in
has a great desire for diamonds, but the truth the year 264 B.C. by the sons of Junius Brutus
is that they are no more than just compressed in memory of their father.
crystallized carbon.
B) The gladiator fights, which were held in Rome
B) Although diamonds are always desired for their in 264 B.C. for the first time, were organized by
exceptional beauty, in fact they are really only the sons of Junius Brutus as they wanted to
compressed crystallized carbon. commemorate their father.
C) Diamonds are much coveted for their exquisite C) The sons of Junius Brutus, who organized
beauty, but the simple truth is that they are gladiator fights in Rome in the year 264 B.C. for
just compressed crystallized carbon. the first time, did so in memory of their father.
D) Invariably one has a strong urge for diamonds D) Gladiator fights date back to 264 B.C., when
because of their extreme beauty even though the sons of Junius Brutus first organized a ritual
in truth, they are only compressed crystallized of sacrifice in Rome in memory of their father.
carbon.
E) The origin of gladiator fights goes back to 264
E) In fact, diamonds are merely compressed B.C., when the sons of Junius Brutus wished to
crystallized carbon, but there is always a honour the memory of their father in this way
widespread desire for them due to their in Rome.
magnificent beauty.
40. Albania remained under Turkish rule for more 42. Music in Western Europe in the fifteenth and
than four hundred years until it proclaimed sixteenth centuries reached such a high point
its independence on 28 November 1912.. of development that, like painting and
sculpture, it constituted one of the most
brilliant aspects of the era..
A) Arnavutluk, drt yz yl Trk ynetiminde
kaldktan sonra, 28 Kasm 1912de
bamszlna kavumutur. A) Bat Avrupada mzik, on beinci ve on altnc
yzyllarda yksek bir gelime noktasna
B) Drt yz yldan daha fazla Trk ynetiminde ulam olup, resim ve heykelin yan sra,
kalm olan Arnavutluk, bamszln 28 Kasm dneminin parlak bir ynn ortaya koymutur.
1912de elde etmitir
B) On beinci ve on altnc yzyllarda Bat
C) Bamszlna 28 Kasm 1912de kavuan Avrupada mzik, ylesine yksek bir gelime
Arnavutluk, drt yz yl akn bir sre Trk noktasna ulat ki, resim ve heykel gibi,
ynetiminde kalmtr dnemin en parlak ynlerinden birini
oluturmutur.
D) Arnavutluk, her ne kadar bamszln 28
Kasm 1912de elde etmise de, drt yz yldan C) Mzik, on beinci ve on altnc yzyllarda,
fazla bir sre Trk ynetiminde kalmtr resim ve heykele benzer yksek bir gelime
gstermi ve dneminin parlak bir ynn
E) Arnavutluk, 28 Kasm 1912de bamszln oluturmutur.
iln edinceye kadar, drt yz yldan fazla Trk
ynetiminde kalmtr D) On beinci ve on altnc yzyllarda Bat
Avrupada yksek bir gelime gsteren mzik,
tpk resim ve heykel gibi, dneminin en parlak
41. Undernutrition, a deficiency of essential
ynn temsil etmektedir.
nutrients, can result from inadequate intake
because of poor diet or poor absorption from
E) Mziin, on beinci ve on altnc yzyllarda Bat
the intestine..
Avrupada yksek bir gelime dzeyine ulam
olmas, tpk resim ve heykel gibi, dnemin ok
A) Temel besin eksiklii olan yetersiz beslenme, parlak bir ynn ortaya koymaktadr.
az beslenmeden veya barsaktaki az
emilimden dolay yeterli gda alnmamasndan
kaynaklanabilir.
B) Az beslenme veya barsaktaki az emilim

sonucu temel besinlerin yeterli alnamamas
nedeniyle, beslenme yetersizlii oluur
C) Temel besin eksiklii olarak anlalan beslenme

yetersizlii, az beslenme veya barsakta az
emilim sonucu ortaya kmaktadr
D) Az beslenme veya barsaktaki az emilim

nedeniyle yeterli gda alnamamas, temel
besinlerin eksikliine ve yetersiz beslenmeye
yol amaktadr.
E) Temel besinlerin eksikliine bal olarak oluan

beslenme yetersizliinin kayna, az beslenme
veya barsaktan az emilim olmasdr
45. One understands from the passage that the
automatic rather than conscious control of
cevaplaynz. the breath ----..
A) limits the bodys ability to meet its metabolic

What controls our breathing? We obviously have
needs
some conscious control over it because we can
voluntarily hold our breath for a short while or B) causes a sudden fall in the number of
breathe faster and deeper. Most of the time, however, inhalations per minute
automatic control centres in our brain regulate our
breathing movements. Automatic control is essential, C) disrupts the movements of rib muscles and
undermines the rhythm of inhalation
for it ensures coordination between the respiratory
and circulatory systems and the bodys metabolic D) is very complicated due to the lack of
needs for gas exchange. Anatomically, our breathing coordination between the pons and the medulla
control centres are located in parts of the brain
called'the pons' and 'the medulla.' Nerves from the E) is of vital importance for gas exchange to take
medullas control centre signal the diaphragm and place in the body
ribmuscles to contract, making us inhale. These
nerves send out signals that result in about 10-14 46. The passage explains in a relatively detailed
inhalations-per minute when we are at rest. Between way ----..
inhalations, the muscles relax, and we exhale. The
control centrein the pons smooths out the basic
A) how breathing is regulated by the automatic
rhythm of breathing set by the medulla. control centres in the brain
B) the functions of the diaphragm and rib muscles

43. It is clear from the passage that the pons and C) the side effects that the conscious control of
the medulla ----.. the breath causes
D) why the pons and the medulla cannot have a

A) are mainly responsible for the efficient
coordinated function
performance of the circulatory system
E) why our breathing movements vary from 10 to
B) perform functions that are interrelated and
14 inhalations per minute
complementary
C) work together to ensure motor coordination
D) hardly have any effect on our breathing rate

and movements
E) have no effect upon the circulatory system
44. According to the passage, when we hold our

breath, ----..
A) we show we have some conscious control over

our breathing
B) the automatic breathing control centres in the

brain begin to work much faster
C) the rate of gas exchange through the

respiratory system increases rapidly
D) the movements of the diaphragm and rib

muscles get out of control
E) the number of signals from the medulla to the

respiratory system begins to increase
48. It can be inferred from the passage that ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) preoccupation with vitality is no longer a
relevant concept in the contemporary world
Humans are preoccupied with vitality; that is, a B) it is not cultural inheritance, but genetic
concern with the generation, transmission, properties that make people a nation
continuation and protection of life itself. The obvious
social tie formed around this preoccupation is the C) transmission of genetic properties is considered
family. However, numerous individual families of a to be the most important task of a family
nation understand themselves to be just that; thus,
D) the majority of people ignore the importance of
the continuation of the nation into the future is
kinship to form a nation
regarded as entailing the continuation of the families
into the future. Anthropological studies reveal that E) the way we think or behave is associated with
humans have always formed not only families, but what we have inherited from our parents
also larger groups of which families are a part.
Parents transmit to their own offspring not only their 49. One can conclude from the passage that ----..
flesh and blood genetic properties in a broader term
but also their cultural inheritance; the language,
traditions, customs and so forth of the larger group, A) family is an inseparable part of a nation as it
of the nation. This cultural inheritance is usually contributes greatly to its sustainment
viewed by the parents as being quite precious to their B) parents tend to have difficulty in conveying
existence. This intergenerational transmission of their cultural characteristics to children
ones culture may be part of the reason for the
tendency to view the nation as a form of kinship, C) anthropological studies ignore the role of the
because what is being transmitted is a part of ones family in nation formation
self to ones descendants
D) ones genetic properties hardly have an
influence on developing his or her cultural traits
47. It is understood from the passage that ----.. E) families may not remain as transmitters of
physical traits in the future
A) cultural inheritance of a nation lies mainly in its

50. The passage is mainly about the ----..
historical background
B) larger groups are more effective than families A) effects of cultural differences in the
while transmitting culture to a new generation transmission of customs and traditions
C) a combination of factors compels people to B) human nature that needs to regenerate
form groups of families and preserve their continually for both biological and social
principles reasons
D) anthropologists efforts to explore into the C) superiority of the older generation over the
formation of ancient families are worth praising new in maintaining strong family relationships
E) cultural properties of a nation will still be D) improvement of the understanding of being a
conveyed despite structural changes in the family and a nation in general
family
E) historical and cultural aspects of the relation
between family and individuals
52. According to the passage, there had been a
limitation for astronomers, since they ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) did not have sufficient data to improve their

studies on the Multiverse
Astronomers have a reputation for bringing us
stunning discoveries: new planets and galaxies on the B) could only study the properties of the universe
edge of the known universe. But now they are on the that were observable to them
trail of the most notable finding of all: evidence for a
whole new universe beyond our own. For millennia, C) were not able to understand the consequences
philosophers have insisted everything we see is part of cosmic expansion
of the all-encompassing totality called the universe.
D) lacked the necessary telescopes to observe the
And for centuries, astronomers have been mapping universe in detail
its immensity, using more and more powerful
telescopes to probe deeper into space. It seemed E) had difficulty in collaborating with each other
clear, however, that there was a limit to what they and following accurate scientific methods
could see, as they were examining what was
comprehensible for them. Since the discovery of 53. According to the passage, the Multiverse
cosmic expansion, they believed there must be a final model is thought to be ----..
frontier, but today, there is mounting excitement that
it may be possible to probe beyond this far horizon.
A) irreplaceable
According to the latest theories in cosmology, what
has been regarded as the universe might be just one B) outdated
of an infinite number making up something far
grander the Multiverse. But the Multiverse model is C) controversial
highly problematic; the biggest difficulty is that the
existence of such parallel universes can be neither D) reliable
verified nor falsified. No less amazing, an orbiting E) irrational
observatory, named Planck, has revealed many
features about our universe such as its age and size
since it was launched in 2009, and astronomers 54. It can be understood from the passage that
Planck ----..
believe it may be able to travel the Multiverse and do
even more.
A) has been designed especially for determining
the age and size of the universe
51. It can be inferred from the passage that the B) is the most powerful device that has ever been
Multiverse model ----.. sent to space
C) is more appealing to astronomers than the

A) contradicts the idea that human life can be Multiverse model
maintained on other planets
D) has already provided much information about
B) consists of multiple universes which are the Multiverse
completely similar to each other
E) may be able to reveal the presence of other
C) has been scientifically approved by a great universes beyond our own
number of astronomers
D) is a hypothetical set of possible universes that

together comprise all that exists
E) suggests that each universe affects one

another in terms of physical laws
56. One point that differentiates Moodys from
other credit rating agencies is that it ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) puts more emphasis on the probability of

default than what will happen when a default
A credit rating agency measures credit worthiness of
occurs
institutions from companies to governments and
assesses their ability to pay back a loan. The top B) assigns credit ratings to institutions that have
three credit rating agencies are Standard and Poors already defaulted on payments
(S&P), Fitch Ratings and Moodys. Each rating agency
has developed its own rating system. Fitch Ratings C) gives an opinion about whether an institution
has a reliable credit quality or if it is subject to
developed its system in 1924, which was later
default
adopted by S&P. Both use a system of letter sliding
from the best rating AAA to the lowest D for D) measures both how likely it is that there might
borrowers already defaulting on payments. In detail, be a default and the ability of the borrower to
AAA represents the best quality borrowers that are return to AAA status
reliable and stable without any foreseeable risk to
future payments, while D means the institution has E) is concerned with the time the institution is
likely to remain in default
defaulted on payment obligations, having failed to
pay back the loans S&P and Fitch Ratings assert it
will keep on doing so. Moodys follows a different 57. It is understood from the passage that ----..
rating system. It argues that their ratings have a
superior approach that considers not only the A) the grade of an institution is not lowered if the
likelihood of default, but also the severity of the default is temporary and will be resolved soon
default. In addition, S&P and Fitch Ratings are only
interested in how likely a borrower is to default, B) companies are more prone to default when
whereas Moodys cares how long the default is likely compared to governments
to last. Most importantly, S&P does not care what the
C) borrowers turn to Moodys if S&P and Fitch
recovery value will be the amount of money that the
Ratings cannot agree with their credit grades
lender will end up with after the borrower has
defaulted. Moodys, by contrast, tries to figure out the D) high grades do not guarantee that the
expected losses, which makes it more preferable institution is not vulnerable to default on
payments
E) an institution is expected to default over the

55. It is implied in the passage that ----.. long term if it has D grade in the rating
system of S&P and Fitch Ratings
A) an institution will not be able to take any more
loans if it has been downgraded by Moodys 58. It is stated in the passage that ----..
B) credit ratings provided by agencies determine

the financial strength of institutions to meet the A) the amount of money that can be refunded
payments after a default increases if an institution has a
high grade in S&Ps rating system
C) the top three rating agencies have shaped their
rating systems in cooperation with each other B) S&P has been going beyond just rating
institutions on the basis of how likely they are
D) S&P was the first rating agency to effectively to default
use the rating system of letter sliding from
AAA to D C) payment obligations are considered to be
extraneous when Moodys is trying to estimate
E) no rating agencies apart from the top three are the possible losses
able to provide accurate credit ratings to
institutions D) Moodys seems to be more advantageous, as it
takes into account how much could be suffered
after a default
E) how long a default will last can be partially

calculated by detecting the recovery value
60. It can be understood from the passage that
humans used to consider their visual system
cevaplaynz. superior to that of animals because ----..
A) the evolutionary process was not taken into

We humans long assumed that our visual system
account in previous studies
stood at the top of evolutionary success. Our
knowledge of colour vision was primarily based on B) experiments on colour vision did not include
what humans see: researchers easily performed any species besides humans
experiments on colour perception in humans.
Although scientists obtained supporting information C) the studies conducted on other species only
focused on the firing of neurons
from a variety of other species by recording the firing
of neurons, we remained unaware until the early D) other mammals were unable to perceive
1970s that many vertebrates, mostly animals other ultraviolet light
than mammals, see colours in a part of the spectrum
that is invisible to humans: the ultraviolet. In fact, the E) research on colour vision was insufficient to
discovery of ultraviolet vision began with studies of demonstrate the complexity of animal
insects conducted by Sir John Lubbock, who perception
discovered sometime before 1882 that in the
presence of ultraviolet light, ants would pick up their 61. The misconception caused by Karl von Frisch
young and carry them to dark areas or to areas and his students findings was that ----..
illuminated by longer wavelengths of light. In the mid-
1900s, Karl von Frisch and his students showed that A) several insects can make use of ultraviolet light
bees and ants not only see ultraviolet light as a
distinct colour but use ultraviolet in skylight as a B) certain birds cannot perceive ultraviolet light
compass. The finding that a great number of insects
perceive ultraviolet light misleadingly gave rise to the C) some animals have ultraviolet receptors
idea that this spectral region provides a private
D) many insects do not need daylight
sensory channel that avian predators like eagles and
vultures cannot see. Nothing, however, could have E) only bees and ants can see ultraviolet as a
been further from the truth. Subsequent research distinct colour
showed that birds, lizards, turtles and many fish have
ultraviolet receptors in their retinas. 62. It is stated in the passage that ----..
A) Karl von Frisch pioneered research in ultraviolet

59. The study carried out by Karl von Frisch and vision of vertebrates
his students revealed that ----..
B) scientists were unaware of the methods used
to study animal perception in the past
A) Sir John Lubbocks findings about ants vision
were inaccurate C) the firing of neurons was an effective way to
experiment on human vision
B) only certain insects could perceive ultraviolet in
the form of a colour spectrum D) until the late 19th century, ultraviolet vision
was unknown to humans
C) bees and ants could see ultraviolet as a colour
on its own E) the alleged superiority of animal visual system
has not been accepted by some researchers
D) many vertebrates had ultraviolet receptors in
their retinas
E) some animals had difficulty with vision in the

presence of ultraviolet light
65. Molly: - It says here that Gertrude Stein was
one of the century's most publicised but
bo braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek least read authors.
ifadeyi bulunuz. Eileen : - I find that very sad. If one writes,
one must want to be read.
Molly:- ----
Eileen: - Right. And just look who listened to
63. Client: What are the chances of winning the her - Hemingway, Thornton Wilder and
case? even Picasso!.
Lawyer: _____
A) In fact, Picasso painted her portrait.
Client: Do you mean the chances are slight?
B) Yes. But she had the satisfaction of knowing
Lawyer: Well, I cant say Im very hopeful.. that people visited her to listen to her talking.
C) She actually spent more of her life in Paris than

A) If I were you, I wouldnt let it worry me so in America.
much.
D) Though she spent very little time there she
B) So long as nothing surprising happens, all actually understood America very well.
should be well.
E) It wasn\\'t very wise of her to stay in France
C) The documents we have submitted contain during the German occupation for she was
strong evidence in our favour. Jewish.
D) Dont worry, Ive handled plenty of cases like

this. 66. Jeff : Are there considerable cultural
differences in the way business is conducted
E) Well, a lot depends on the testimony of the between China and Western countries?
witnesses. Neal :Oh yes, there are many differences and
you have to be aware of these if you want to
succeed in China.
64. Carol : People appreciate the extraordinary Jeff : ----
beauty of butterflies, but their colours and Neal : Well, in Western-style business, we
shapes might also be functional, mightnt focus on the deal, the possibilities and the
they? risks. In China, top businessmen spend a
Paul : Ive really no idea. In what way? good deal of time exploring what sort of
Carol : ---- person you are..
Paul : Really? Thats interesting..
A) Your character is more important than what

A) This specific chapter is on the evolution of you do.
patterns on the wings of butterflies.
B) What sort of differences?
B) For instance, the markings that resemble eyes
on butterflies may help them startle predators C) Have you ever done business in China? How
and then escape from them. does one go about making business contacts
there?
C) This has to do with genetics. One should try to
learn more about it. D) What are the advantages of doing business in
China?
D) This book gives examples of all of this and
more. E) Which regions of China are the best for making
high profits?
E) Some dark forms of swallowtail butterflies
mimic unrelated inedible species. Is that what
you are referring to?
67. Jane : The point is made in this article that 69. According to de-miners, up to 90 per cent of
we need a reliable source of electricity to their time is spent combing areas that
meet our needs in the 21st century. ultimately prove to be free of mines..
Larry : But we also need clean air.
Jane : ----
Larry : So you mean that nuclear power A) De-miners point out that they spend almost all
plants dont pollute the air. Right? . of their time searching thoroughly for mines in
areas which, in the end, turn out to be without
them.
A) Well, with nuclear energy, we can have both
B) As de-miners have pointed out, the search for
B) Why not? Nuclear energy already generates mines in areas which in fact do not have any
more than 20 per cent of Americas electricity. mines usually takes quite a long time.
C) Year by year there is a growing need for more C) As far as de-miners are concerned, a lot of time
energy nationwide. is needed to undertake a search for mines in
areas where it is almost impossible to discover
D) In other words, the development of new energy them.
sources is very important to Americas energy
future. D) As we learn from de-miners, it takes some time
to look for mines in areas in which one
E) I am afraid the world is fast heading towards a discovers that actually there are no mines.
huge environmental disaster.
E) For de-miners, it takes little time to search for
mines in areas which in fact do not have them.
en yakn cmleyi bulunuz. 70. Stopping the international obesity epidemic
is as tough a problem as any now facing
public-health officials..
68. No other building embodies the history of

Paris more than does the famous cathedral of A) Public-health officials are trying hard, as they
Notre-Dame.. do with any other problem, to prevent the
spread of obesity throughout the world.
A) Of all the great buildings of Paris, the cathedral B) Public-health officials are finding it very hard to
of Notre-Dame holds a very special place prevent obesity throughout the world, which is
among the people. very serious like any other problem that
concerns them.
B) The only building in Paris that is of any real
significance is surely the magnificent cathedral C) Obesity is so common throughout the world
of Notre-Dame. that its prevention is a very difficult problem for
health-officials, who are already dealing with
C) Of all the buildings in Paris, it is the celebrated other problems.
cathedral of Notre-Dame that most truly
represents the past of that city. D) For public-health officials, the prevention of
obesity, which is widespread throughout the
D) Except for the famous cathedral of Notre- world, is an extremely difficult problem like any
Dame, none of the buildings of Paris are other they are currently concerned with.
historically representative.
E) It is not so challenging a task for public-health
E) With the exception of the renowned Notre- officials, who are already dealing with many
Dame, few of the buildings of Paris are in serious problems, to prevent obesity in the
anyway remarkable. world
71. Though management may not realize it, a 73. The science of computers and the technology
very large proportion of the success of this of their use are broad and complex subjects.
company is due to the loyalty and hard work _____ . Consequently, as in other similar fields
of its workers.. so in computer sciences, there is a great
variety of terminology and jargon..
A) Whether or not management is aware of it, this

company owes its success, to a very large A) Even children in primary schools now learn to
extent, to the industry and loyalty of its staff. use computers
B) Whatever management may say, the success B) Obviously there are several types of computers
of this company depends more than anything which would serve this particular purpose
else on the dedication of those who work here. adequately
C) Management should be made to recognize that C) The languages the computer understands are
the role of the staff is of first importance in the easily understood by even ordinary people
companys success.
D) One recent development is that computers are
D) As management realizes full well, it is the getting smaller and smaller
workers in the factory who make it so
successful. E) Moreover the rapid rate of change in this field
has contributed still further to this complexity
E) The workers in this company, with their hard
work and devotion, contribute more to the
74. Countries engage in international trade
success of the company than management
because they benefit from doing so. ---- Thus,
does.
trade plays a vital role in achieving such an
essential task since it frees each countrys
residents from having to consume goods in
the same combination in which the domestic
parada anlam btnln salamak iin economy can produce them. If the US
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz. specialized its production but did not engage
in international trade, US residents would
have large quantities of wheat and soybeans
but no coffee or bananas..
72. People have lived on Earth for two million
years. For most of that time, the population
has remained small, as the number of births A) Any country that attempted to achieve self-
has more or less equalled the number of sufficiency by producing everything consumed
deaths. Improved medicine and health care, would face a difficult task.
better sanitation, improved farming methods,
producing more and better food, and less B) We can easily see the benefits from trade along
physical work have all led to fewer infant with productive specialization at the individual
deaths and more people living longer. ---- level.
Today the worlds population is nearly 7
billion, and is rising at the rate of about one C) The gains from trade arise because it allows
million a week.. countries to specialize their production by
allocating resources to their most productive
uses.
A) The population is concentrated on areas where
the climate is suitable for farming methods. D) The fact that political boundaries divide the
world into nation-states does not alter trades
B) Poverty drives many people to flee their potential for expanding output.
country in search of better life elsewhere.
E) In market-oriented economies, existing firms
C) This has caused a huge increase in population make most consumption decisions besides
over the last 150 years. controlling production patterns.
D) Immigration and travel do not seem to have a

relevant impact on this change.
E) The worlds population is not equally

distributed around the world.
75. After more than 30 years without building a 77. (I) Many people mistakenly believe that
nuclear plant, US power companies are sign language is just a loose collection of
seeking licences for over 30 new reactors. In pantomime- like gestures. (II) But in truth,
addition, more than 300 reactors have been sign languages are highly structured
proposed worldwide. Countries such as linguistic systems with all the grammatical
Egypt, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela complexity of spoken languages. (III)Contrary
have serious plans to build their first nuclear to another common misconception, there is
plant. ----. no universal sign language. (IV) Sign
languages have several kinds of linguistic
structure, including phonological,
A) In other parts of the world, some 40 reactors morphological and syntactic levels. (V) Deaf
are already under construction, though many people in different countries use
have been underway for decades with no end very different sign languages..
in sight.
B) Annual emissions of greenhouse gases are A) I

expected to double by 2050, from a current 7
billion tonnes of carbon dioxide each year to B) II
more than 14 billion tonnes.
C) III
C) According to a recent report, nuclear power is a
major solution to the Wests growing electricity D) IV
needs, and increased nuclear use can
substantially lower greenhouse gas emissions. E) V
D) On the contrary, a countrys use of nuclear

78. (I) In the fall of 2000 and the winter of 2001,
power has much to do with government
Britain was beset by a series of problems. (II)
intervention, whether through state loans or
In September 2000, rising oil prices prompted
streamlined regulations.
protests by truck drivers and farmers who
demanded a reduction in the fuel tax. (III) In
E) Therefore, global electricity demand is
November 2000, a series of unusually severe
estimated to nearly double by 2030, with
rainstorms and tornadoes caused high
nuclear power currently accounting for about
flooding and killed 12 people. (IV) In June
15 per cent of global use.
2001, Blair won a second landslide victory,
with the Labour Party capturing 413 seats in
Parliament. (V) In February 2001, foot-an-
-mouth disease broke out among British
okunduunda parann anlam btnln livestock, prompting other countries to ban
bozan cmleyi bulunuz. British meat import and forcing the slaughter
of thousands of cattle, pigs and sheep..
76. (I) Most episodes of illness with a fever in A) I

children are caused by viral infections,
although bacterial infections can also B) II
produce a fever. (II) The first symptom of a
severe eye infection is usually swollen and C) III
red eyelids. (III) In fact, it is often hard to
D) IV
distinguish a bacterial infection from a viral
infection. (IV) Though bacterial infections can E) V
be serious, they usually respond readily to
antibiotics. (V) Prompt diagnosis of a
bacterial infection is thus important to
ensure prompt treatment..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
79. (I) The history of the German occupation of
France is dirty, tragic, and sometimes darkly
comic. (II) It is also one of the most intensely
researched subjects of the past decades. (III)
In May of 1940, the Germans attacked
France, and in June they entered Paris. (IV)
More than 8, 000 books and articles have
been devoted to this subject. (V) However,
Julian Jacksons recent book, France: The
Dark Years, 1940-1944, is an exceptional
contribution to the already-accumulated
knowledge of the occupation..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
80. (I) Devaluation of the Jamaican dollar made

Jamaican products more competitive on the
world market, and the country achieved
record growth in tourism and agriculture. (II)
Jamaica was inhabited by Arawak Indians
when Columbus explored it in 1494 and
named it St. Iago. (III) It remained under
Spanish rule until 1655, when it became a
British possession. (IV) In the following
decades disease decimated the Arawaks. (V)
As a result, slaves were brought from Africa
to work on the sugar plantations..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 A 41 A
2 E 42 B
3 A 43 B
4 D 44 A
5 B 45 E
6 A 46 A
7 B 47 C
8 C 48 E
9 C 49 A
10 A 50 B
11 A 51 D
12 E 52 B
13 D 53 C
14 E 54 E
15 D 55 B
16 B 56 E
17 E 57 E
18 B 58 D
19 A 59 C
20 E 60 E
21 C 61 B
22 E 62 D
23 B 63 E
24 D 64 B
25 E 65 B
26 D 66 B
27 A 67 A
28 D 68 C
29 B 69 A
30 D 70 D
31 E 71 A
32 D 72 C
33 D 73 E
34 D 74 C
35 D 75 A
36 B 76 B
37 C 77 D
38 B 78 D
39 A 79 C
40 E 80 A
3
5. During the 1930's Japan, with its cost
advantage, began to ---- Britain's role as chief
yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi exporter of textiles..
bulunuz.
A) take over
1. Pollution could one day endanger the worlds B) hold up

---- of oxygen..
C) put off
A) expectation D) keep out
B) supply E) look after
C) extinction
6. Shortly after that volunteer firemen were
D) recovery called out with trucks and equipment to ----
the forest fire..
E) decline
A) get out
2. Both Saudi Arabia and China know that it is in
their ---- interest to cooperate economically B) put out
and increase trade between them..
C) hold up
A) notable D) break down
B) precious E) hand out
C) mutual
7. It ---- a mistake to think that all bacteria are
D) responsible harmful, for, without some species, we ---- for
long..
E) implicit
A) is / had not survived
3. In the steel industry there has been
a progressive increase in capital outlay; B) would be / could not survive
but fortunately this has been ---- by a fall in
labour costs.. C) will be / have not survived
D) has been / would not have survived

A) accompanied
E) had been / did not survive
B) conducted
8. The once radical notion that birds ----
C) reinforced
from dinosaurs ---- stronger and stronger
D) rejected since palaeontologists first started taking it
seriously a couple of decades ago..
E) engaged
A) descended / has grown
4. In December 1831, at the age of 22, Darwin
began a round-the-world sea voyage that ---- B) have descended / grew
influenced his thinking..
C) had descended / had grown
A) obscurely D) descend/ is growing
B) legitimately E) are descending / was growing
C) hopefully
D) respectfully
E) profoundly
9. Changes in ownership taste and a preference 13. Compared with the United States after 9/11,
for alternate modes of transport over India has reacted ---- the Mumbai attacks ----
ownership will be significant factors ---- the restraint..
car industry transforms..
A) over / from
A) whether
B) for / in
B) such as
C) by / to
C) otherwise
D) to / with
D) as
E) at / over
E) but
14. The Houston Caribbean Festival brings a
10. ---- some countries possess nuclear feast ---- music and colour ---- the streets of
weapons and others do not, there will be downtown Houston each year..
chronic global Insecurity,.
A) on / by
A) Thanks to
B) at / over
B) In case of
C) of / to
C) So long as
D) above / off
D) Just as
E) to / within
E) As if
15. People who have deficiency of vitamin A tend
11. The assumption that mental functions are at to be more susceptible to infection and are
their sharpest ---- our brains mature in our more likely to experience severe symptoms -
early 20s has been questioned by a new --- a cold, flu or other type of non-serious
research study.. infection..
A) until A) in spite of
B) although B) regardless of
C) as if C) due to
D) when D) in the event of
E) unless E) in order to
12. Studying foreign languages obviously makes 16. Since typhoons depend on heat and moisture
you smarter about foreign cultures, but, to sustain them, these storms always form
quite frankly, that ---- the least important over warm oceans near the equator ---- sea-
reason for learning other tongues if you ---- surface temperatures are at least 26C..
to become a truly horizontal thinker..
A) which
A) was / wanted
B) where
B) has been / had wanted
C) when
C) will be / would want
D) that
D) is being / has wanted
E) what
E) is / want
20. IV.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) By
B) From
No single countryowns Antarctica. (I) - C) About

---,countrieswishing to have a say in how the Antarctic
(both the continent itself and thesurrounding D) Along
Southern Ocean) is governed (II)----, and agree to
E) Without
abide by, the Antarctic Treaty. However, prior to
thesigning of the Antarctic Treaty in 1959, several
countries had made claims to parts of Antarctica, 21. V.
some ofwhich overlapped. The Treaty does not (III)----
these claims; Article IV of the Treaty states in part, A) as
No acts oractivities taking place while the present
Treaty is in force shall constitute abasis for asserting, B) while
supporting or denying a claim to territorial
sovereigntyin Antarctica. (IV) ---- avoidingthe claims C) if
issue in this way, it was possible to produce a treaty D) until
that manyparties could sign. Unfortunately, this
means that (V) ---- many countries follow the spirit of E) before
cooperation of theTreaty, there are still disputes over
territory that remain unresolved and comeup from
time to time.
17. I.
A) Instead
B) For example
C) At least
D) In short
E) Similarly
18. II.
A) were to sign
B) had to sign
C) must sign
D) may sign
E) used to sign
19. III.
A) jeopardize
B) withdraw
C) underestimate
D) recognize
E) deteriorate
25. IV.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) without
B) by
In the nineteenth century there was no easy way C) towards

toheat water. People generally used fires to do it, (I) -
--- first they had to chop wood or collect coal, and D) in
then theyhad to light the fire and keep it burning. In
E) within
cities, the wealthy heated theirwater with gas made
from coal, but it didnt burn clean, and the heater had
tobe lit every time they wanted hot water; if they (II) - 26. V.
--- to put out the flame, the tank could blow up. (III) -
---, in many areas, wood, coalor gas was expensive A) fell apart
and hard to find. To get around these problems in
ruralareas, many farmers found a safer, easier and B) broke up
cheaper way to heat water: (IV) ---- painting a metal
water tankblack and putting it in the sun to absorb as C) went down
much solar energy as possible. Buteven on clear hot D) took off
days it generally took several hours to get the water
hot,and it cooled off as soon as the sun (V)----. E) ran away
27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun

22. I. ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) once
B) before 27. Although the British Royal Navy claims that it

was not operating any warships in the area at
C) if the time, ----..
D) but
A) underwater noise hasnt been fully recognized
E) since as a form of pollution
B) it must have been military sonar that killed the

23. II. whales and dolphins
C) there are no hard and fast guidelines for

A) had forgotten seismic surveys
B) could have forgotten D) the UK would have had 25 warships which
carried active sonar
C) will forget
E) a number of marine mammals beached
D) forget
themselves during this American military
E) forgot operation
24. III. 28. As he grew older, ----..
A) Moreover A) he grew less active and less dogmatic
B) As a result B) hell start to interfere less with the affairs of the

company
C) Even so
C) hes not grown any wiser
D) Therefore
D) he now seems determined to assert his
E) Instead authority
E) the more he plays the role of the big

businessman
29. Shortly after the Golden Gate Bridge was 33. Colours, sounds and smells are always
opened, ----. . present in the material world but are
meaningless to us ----..
A) some aesthetic and artistic concerns may have

dominated the visual design of the bridge A) although separate analyses of art and mind
lead to a misunderstanding of each
B) it has been an enormously successful bridge
by most aesthetic and functional criteria B) yet the things we cannot perceive with our five
senses are called abstract notions
C) its roadway proved to be overly flexible under
certain wind conditions C) so we have specific knowledge of the brain as
reflected by neurological principles
D) the design of the bridges towers was tested on
scale models, and construction of the bridge D) whether we are just beginning to understand
started these natural processes
E) a number of such structures were acting E) unless they first activate our senses and are
similarly then represented as cognitive events
30. When sunlight hits a raindrop, ----.. 34. The distinctive decoration of scrolls, birds
and flowers on this Chinese vase indicates -
---..
A) a ray of sunlight actually consists of a mixture
of differently-coloured light
A) why it had been comparatively rare
B) a typical raindrop is spherical in shape
B) whether or not it was actually Cantonporcelain
C) the rainbow is actually a circle which is
centered on the point that is directly opposite C) that it was made especially for the European
the sun from the observer market
D) there is a reduction in its speed and this causes D) but apparently it is not of the very best quality
the light to bend
E) since the style is still popular today
E) refraction is the bending of light as it passes
from one medium to another
35. ----, you can work on extinguishing any
undesirable behaviours.
31. If Iran were to go nuclear, ----. .
A) Unless you proceed to the interviewers office

A) Russia and China did their best to stop it for your interview
B) the United States may have taken preventive B) Although previous work experience is sought
action by almost all employers nowadays
C) other countries in the region would follow suit C) Once you are able to see yourself interacting
with others
D) the UN Security Council sanctions need to be
enacted without delay D) Whereas there is much to be learned about
human nature in general
E) it can fire hundreds of missiles at Israel
E) Just as any communicative event requires at
least one person to be around
32. ---- we really ought to leave as soon as
possible..
A) Since we shall probably have a long wait at the

bus station
B) Since the roads are always busy at this hour
C) Though it is getting very late
D) Until we know which plane they are coming on
E) If theres no need to hurry.

36. The nests birds leave behind provide clues 38. evredeki deiikliklerin, beyinlerimizde
about their lives and environment ----.. zamann znel biimde alglanmasna nasl
yol at sorusu, ruhbilimcileri ve beyin
aratrmaclarn dndrmeye devam
A) as the architectural complexity of these nests etmektedir.
hardly untangles their genealogy
B) just as archaeological sites supply glimpses of A) Psychologists and brain researchers have
human history recently started to wonder how changes in the
environment cause the brain to experience
C) but nest-collecting was a popular boyhood time subjectively.
hobby in the 19thcentury
B) The question of how changes in the
D) despite the fact that they remain a largely environment give rise to the subjective
untapped scientific resource experience of time in our brains continues to
preoccupy psychologists and brain researchers
E) before they lay eggs in order to sustain the
continuation of their species C) How changes in the environment can lead to
the subjective experience of time in our brains
is a matter of discussion among psychologists
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleye and brain researchers.
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi D) The subjective time experience of our brains
bulunuz. resulting from environmental changes has long
been a controversial issue among psychologists
and brain researchers
E) The reasons behind the subjective perception

37. Srcsz metrolar, kii bana den
of time by the brain have not yet been
25.200 dolarlk mill geliri ve tkr tkr ileyen
explained by psychologists or brain researchers
ticaret merkezleri ile Singapur, Asyann en
Batllam ehirleri arasndadr. .
39. Ekonomik kalknma gibi, siyasi barklk,
Afganistan iin zmn gerekten bir
A) With its driverless subways, $25,200 per capita paras olmak zorundadr..
income and smoothly running business centres,
Singapore is among the most westernized cities
in Asia. A) Political reconciliation, just like economic
development, must indeed be regarded as a
B) One of the most westernized cities in Asia is final settlement in Afghanistan.
Singapore, for it has driverless subways,
$25,200 per capita income and smoothly B) Not only economic development but also
running business centres political reconciliation has really to be the
ultimate settlement in Afghanistan.
C) It is because of the driverless subways,
$25,200 per capita income and smoothly C) It is essential that, in addition to economic
running business centres that Singapore is one development, political reconciliation must in
of the most westernized cities in Asia. fact be considered for a lasting solution in
Afghanistan.
D) Singapore remains the most westernized city in
Asia with driverless subways, $25,200 per D) As part of a lasting solution in Afghanistan,
capita income and smoothly running business political reconciliation as well as economic
centres. development must indeed be taken into
consideration.
E) The reason why Singapore is regarded as one
of the most westernized cities in Asia is that it E) Like economic development, political
has driverless subways, $25,200 per capita reconciliation does indeed need to be part of
income and smoothly running business centres. the solution for Afghanistan.
40. Although Plato loves Homer and regularly 42. As some columnists have also pointed out,
cites from his epics, he insists on the the year 2000 was a year in which the world
censorship of those passages that represent shifted its balance..
morally controversial behaviour..
A) Baz ke yazarlarnn belirttiine gre,

A) Platon, Homerosu sevmesine ve onun dnyadaki dengeler 2000 ylnda olduka
destanlarndan dzenli olarak alntlar deimitir.
yapmasna ramen, ahlk bakmdan tartmal
davranlar yanstan blmlerin sansr B) 2000 ylnda dnyann dengesini deitirdii,
edilmesinde srar eder. baz ke yazarlarnn ortak grdr.
B) Homerosu seven Platon, onun destanlarna C) Baz ke yazarlar, 2000 ylnda dnyann
srekli atfta bulunsa da ahlk anlamda zararl dengesinin deitii konusunda gr birlii
davranlar tasvir eden blmlerin sansr iindedir.
edilmesi iin ok aba gstermitir.
D) Baz ke yazarlarnn da belirttii gibi, 2000 yl
C) Platon, bir yandan Homerosu sevmi, bir dnyann dengesini deitirdii yl oldu.
yandan da onun destanlarndaki ahlka aykr
davranlar ieren blmlere iaret ederek, E) Baz ke yazarlarnn da vurgulad gibi,
bunlarn sansr edilmesi iin srekli talepte dnya dengesinin en ok deitii yl, 2000
bulunmutur yldr.
D) Homerosu sevmi olmasna ramen, Platon,

onun destanlarndaki ahlk bakmdan kabul
edilemez blmleri eletirerek, bunlarn sansr
edilmesi gerektiini vurgular
E) Platon, Homerosu sevmi olsa bile, onun

destanlarn srekli eletirerek, ahlka aykr
davranlar ne karan blmlerin tamamen
sansr edilmesinin art olduunu ileri srer.
41. Despite the rapid industrialization of

countries such as China and India, climate
change is neither any one countrys fault nor
any one countrys responsibility..
A) in ve Hindistann hzl sanayilemesi

nedeniyle oluan iklim deiiklii, kesinlikle
baka bir lkenin suu veya sorumluluu
deildir
B) in ve Hindistan gibi lkelerin hzl

sanayilemelerine ramen, iklim deiiklii, ne
herhangi tek bir lkenin hatasdr, ne de
herhangi tek bir lkenin sorumluluudur
C) in ve Hindistan dahil, pek ok lkenin hzla

sanayilemesi sonucu ortaya kan iklim
deiiklii, herhangi bir lkenin suu olmad
gibi, sorumluluu da deildir.
D) Tek bir lkenin suu veya sorumluluu olmayan

iklim deiiklii, in ve Hindistan dahil, pek ok
lkenin hzla sanayilemesi sonucunda ortaya
kmtr.
E) in ve Hindistann yan sra, eitli lkelerin

hzla sanayilemesi, iklim deiikliine yol
am olup, tek bir lke sulu veya sorumlu
deildir.
44. It is understood from the passage that ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) a persons diet may also cause genetic
mutations that can change the properties of
cells
There are several factors that increase the risk of
cancer. Mutations that affect genes are believed to B) the effects of environmental factors cannot be
contribute to the development of cancer. These genes separated from those of age and genetics
produce proteins that regulate growth and alter cell
division and other basic cell properties. Cancer- C) pesticides are claimed to contribute to cancer
causing genetic mutations may result from the more than any other kind of chemicals
damaging effects of drugs and viruses. Additionally,
D) there are still a number of chemicals whose
environmental factors such as air pollution and harmful effects have not been proved
radiation increase the risk of cancer. Some chemicals
like pesticides are known to cause cancer, and many E) drugs are widely used to fight against cancer
others are suspected of doing so, but more study is although they can sometimes destroy ones
needed to identify those chemicals that increase the health
risk. The threat of cancer may also vary according to
geographical features. This geographic variation in 45. It is clearly stated in the passage that ----..
cancer risk is multifactorial: a combination of
genetics, diet and environment. For example, the
A) a patients age must be taken into account
Japanese, who follow a diet that mainly includes
while following a treatment process for some
smoked foods, have high rates of colorectal cancer. cancer types
When they immigrate to the US and eat a Western
diet, the risk level declines to that of the US. Age is B) the immune system can be strengthened in
another risk factor. While some cancers like Vilms older people in order to avoid the risk of
tumor occur almost exclusively in children, cancers of developing cancer
the lungs and kidneys are more common in older
C) children can also suffer from cancer resulting
people, probably due to constant exposure to
from the weakening of the bodys immune
carcinogens and weakening of the bodys immune system
system. However, not all people who are exposed to
carcinogens or who have other risk factors develop D) some types of cancer are more likely to
cancer. progress in people whose immune systems
have become less efficient through the years
E) age is thought to increase the risk of

43. One can understand from the passage that - developing cancer, but most cancer types are
---.. seen in young adults
A) once cells become cancerous, they lose their 46. It can be inferred from the passage that ----..
control mechanisms and divide continuously
B) the final step in cancer development is the A) if a person is frequently subjected to

change in which the cells genetic properties carcinogens, he or she will certainly suffer from
are negatively affected cancer
C) mutations make cells more susceptible to B) where people live and what they eat may
carcinogens, thus increasing the risk of determine whether they will develop any type
developing cancer of cancer
D) cells can be more resistant to cancer after they C) even when the immune system functions
have undergone some mutations caused by normally, cancer can escape its successful
viruses protection
E) when genes are mutated, they may D) some environmental factors leading to cancer
malfunction and experience unusual growth, can be handled to decrease the risk while
which can cause cancer others have no way to be prevented
E) the risk of developing any type of cancer in the

US is less than Japan since Americans are more
careful about carcinogens
49. We learn from the passage that, unlike
other major Spanish banks, Popular ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) shows no interest whatsoever in expanding

Spain's third-largest bank, Banco Popular, B) usually prefers to operate through its
raised some eyebrows recently when it agreed to ownnumerous branches
buy Portugal's Banco Nacional for $638
million. Shareholders voted overwhelmingly in C) has been investing heavily in New
approval of the acquisition. Normally, however, Worldbusinesses
Popular's approach is far more conservative: a
D) has had a long-term relationship
singleminded devotion to organic retail growth in
withPortuguese banks
its home market as opposed to takeovers. Over
the past decade, the bank has worked hard to build E) has always followed an aggressive
its base, cultivating the market for mortgages, bankingpolicy
consumer loans, and, recently, loans to small
and midsize businesses. As rivals looked to the 50. It is clear from the passage that Popular
New World and bought up smaller banks at has worked hard to ----..
home. Popular expanded its retail network to 2,
200 branches throughout Spain, it also added
Internet and telephone banking operations that are A) increase its operations and has succeeded
based in the branches. The effort has paid off. In each B) beat its rivals in taking over foreign banks
of the past three years, the bank has gained 300,
000 customers. C) earn the approval of its shareholders
butwithout much success
D) limit its operations to two or three major ones

47. It is pointed out in the passage that
the takeover of the Portuguese bank by E) limit the number of new customers
Banco Popular ----..
A) was originally proposed by an overwhelming

majority of shareholders
B) came as a great surprise to the bank\'s

shareholders
C) was not regarded by the shareholders as a

profitable investment
D) received the full support of the shareholders
E) made no impression on the banking community

in Spain
48. According to the passage, the banking

policy of Banco Popular ----..
A) has remained unchanged over the pastdecade

and caused no surprises
B) has been severely criticized by itsshareholders
C) is in need of some radical changes if it is

toremain in the forefront
D) has in need of some radical changes if it is

toremain in the forefront
E) is usually traditional andunassertive

53. We understand from the passage that
what counts most in business ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) is very often the brand name, products

generally being indistinguishable
To some people, branding is about the art of
lying successfully and creating value out of nothing. B) is the spirit of the people responsible for
A good brand inspires trust, but the marketing the brands
relationship between the brand and the reality of the
product offered is frequently elastic. Branding is C) is a company\'s competitive spirit to outdo its
therefore an art and the people who do it best are in rivals
great demand. In many business segments entry
D) is short-term profitability
is easy as barriers are low and there is scarcely
any means of differentiating your product from that E) is not customer-confidence but business
of the competitor. Branding is all there is left to expansion
make a difference. Mobile phone companies are
a classic lease, in which one company can copy 54. It is emphasized in the passage that
the competitor's contracts. Each company those involved in the successful design
offers virtually the same handsets. Apart from and promotion of brands ----..
network coverage, brand is everything. Another
classic example is airlines. Anyone can charter the
A) frequently confine their activities to very
same Boeing 737and run an airline as long as it
fewbusinesses
can secure slots. The difference is finally down
to service and marketing. B) are not aware of the fact that they
aremisleading the public
C) usually undergo a long period of

51. The main point made in the passage is that - rigorousprofessional training
---..
D) are very highly valued in the business world
A) mobile phone companies are moreenterprising E) are clearly indifferent to the requirements
than others ofservice and marketing
B) charter airlines are not to be trusted
C) branding is often more important j than

theproduct itself
D) service and marketing are given far too

muchimportance in business
E) businesses need not be honest about

thequality of their products

some people regard ----..
A) mobile phone companies as

possessingidentical network coverage
B) charter airlines as failing miserablyin

theprovision of services
C) branding as just another production expense
D) branding as an ingenious way of hiding thetruth

about a product
E) the relationship between the brand and

theproduct as rigid
56. It can be understood from the passage that -
---..
cevaplaynz.
A) massive flooding wiped out the dinosaurs in

Indias Deccan traps
The fate of the dinosaurs may have been sealed half
abillion years before life even appeared, by B) two geological time bombs near the Earths
twogeological time bombs that still exist near our crust are indeed responsible for the beginning
planetscore. A controversial new hypothesis links of life on the Earth
massiveeruptions of lava that coincided with many of
the Earthslargest extinctions to two unusually hot C) a new hypothesis reveals the process by which
the continents were formed
sections ofmantle 2, 800 kilometres beneath the
Earths crust.These sections formed just after the D) scientists are still debating over the reasons of
Earth itself, 4.5billion years ago. If the hypothesis is the different mass extinctions of life on the
correct, they haveperiodically burst through the Earth
planets crust, creatingenormous oceans of lava
which poisoned theatmosphere and wiped out entire E) enormous eruptions of basaltic lava occurred
branches of the treeof life. Debates still rage over 4.5 billion years ago
what caused differentmass extinctions, including the
one that wiped out thedinosaurs. An asteroid that 57. As it is pointed out in the passage, large
smashed into the Earth 65million years ago is no igneousprovinces (LIPs) ----..
doubt partially to blame for thedemise of the
dinosaurs. But, a less-known school ofthought has it A) support only the most primitive of life forms
that this and other extinctions occurredwhen cracks
in the crust let huge amounts of lava pourout from B) formed after vast amounts of lava came out
the centre of the Earth. Each event flooded atleast from the Earths core
100, 000 square kilometres, leaving behind
distinctgeological regions known as large igneous C) only exist in the Asian continent
provinces(LIPs), such as Indias Deccan traps, which D) are located on the weakest part of the Earths
wereformed during the time when the dinosaurs crust
becameextinct.
E) conclusively account for the systematic demise
of all species on the Earth
55. According to a new hypothesis put forward

byscientists, dinosaurs may have been wiped 58. According to the passage, the writer is of
out ----.. theopinion that ----..
A) after pieces of the mantle burst through the A) dinosaurs may have become extinct because
Earths crust, creating vast oceans of lava all the trees and plants were wiped out
B) half a billion years after the formation of the B) it is not possible that the end of dinosaurs
planet could be accounted for by an asteroid crashing
into the Earth
C) when volcanic rocks from the surface were
forced deep into the mantle C) this new hypothesis helps us to understand
how the core was formed
D) when two sections of the planets crust were
blown apart D) the Earths crust is more fragile than was
originally thought
E) after they were forced out of Indias Deccan
traps E) there is a connection between extinctions and
large igneous provinces (LIPs)
60. One point made in the passage is that in
order toprotect pedestrians, ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) policymakers in Europe and the US are

promoting investment in hybrid vehicles rather
Saving the planet might be the selfless motive
than motor vehicles
fordriving electric cars, but most owners derive
thegreatest pleasure from the silence of their B) European and US lawmakers are setting up
vehicles.However, its a pleasure soon to disappear regulations to make electric vehicles noisier
aslawmakers in Europe and the US prepare rules to
makethem noisier. The argument is that pedestrians C) both European and US authorities are
encouraging the purchase of electric vehicles
wouldbe safer, especially those with impaired vision
for future sustainability
andhearing. Although some figures from the US do
suggestthat proportionately there are higher collision D) electric car owners would probably be
rates withelectric vehicles, conclusive data is restricted to usage in less densely populated
neverthelessscarce. Do people really navigate the areas
urban jungleusing only their ears? Or indeed the
latestdiesel-engined vehicles, which, at low speeds, E) European and US lawmakers will not support
policies that encourage investment in
are veryquiet? In fact, electric cars offer a rare
manufacturing facilities for electric cars
opportunity to cutboth chemical and noise pollution
and we shouldembrace them. The sound made by
internal-combustionengines is just an unwelcome 61. It can be understood that the writer of the
waste product. Somepeople may find it useful, but passage ----..
then so did those whogathered up the dung from all
our horse-drivencarriages to use as fertiliser. Insisting A) prefers the noise of electric cars to the sound
that electric carsmake a noise would be like passing a made by internal-combustion engines
law in the early20th century, obliging drivers of the
new-fangled 'motorvehicle' to deposit a load of well- B) insists that electric vehicles make a noise for
rotted compost on theside of the road every 50 miles. safety reasons
C) is against making electric vehicles noisy
D) encourages the passing of a law to ban electric

59. It is clearly stated in the passage that
cars
theowners of electric vehicles might be
interested inenvironmental conservation, but E) is irritated by the silent approach of electric
----.. vehicles on the roads
A) more research and development initiatives are 62. According to the passage, we ought to
required to improve their design welcomeelectric cars, as ----..
B) most of them prefer to drive internal-
combustion engines for safety reasons A) pedestrians will in the future learn to hear them
coming
C) electric vehicles put the safety of pedestrians
first in crowded urban areas B) most people are indifferent to the waste
products of internal-combustion engines
D) they find them more expensive than those with
internal-combustion engines C) they offer an opportunity to reduce petroleum
dependence
E) they get more pleasure from the silence of
their electric cars D) they can go faster than the latest diesel-
engined vehicles
E) they provide a chance to stop chemical and

noise pollution
65. Reg : Have you put your house up for sale
yet?
bo braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek Dave : Oh, yes. And Ive had several offers.
ifadeyi bulunuz. The estate agent is urging me to accept the
last one.
Reg : ----
Dave : Ive noticed that. Mine actually
63. Helen : I think forensics programmes on TV wanted me to accept the initial offer, and
are giving a distorted view of what forensic that was really low..
science can or cannot do.
Mark : ----
Helen : But they do. Some attorneys think A) Thats typical. They like to get the sale over as
that these forensics programmes can affect soon as possible.
the jurors demands and decisions..
B) Why is that?
A) I think most people are responsible enough not C) And why is that? Are they really offering a very
to be affected. good price?
B) You do? In what way? D) Its not a buyers market at the moment.
C) Do you actually watch those programmes? E) Dont let him push you into a sale.
D) Oh, come on. People dont take those

programmes seriously! 66. Matthew : Ive been looking at this map of
the worlds oil.
E) Whats on TV this evening? George : Yes. I took a look at that, too. What
surprised you most?
Matthew : ----
64. Doctor : Good to see you again. Whats the George : Yes. I hadnt realized that either..
problem this time?
Patient : Upon awakening, I feel pain and
tightness on the sides of my face. A) I dont think anything did.
Doctor : ----
Patient : I hope its not serious and can be B) I dont know. But production costs for North
treated easily.. Sea Oil are going up.
C) The newly discovered oil reserves in West

A) Sleeping pills may be used occasionally to help Africa could have proved useful.
people who have trouble sleeping because of
pain. D) Nothing really.
B) How interesting! I have always stated that E) The fact that central and South America come
people can take steps to break the habit of second, after the Middle East, for oil reserves.
tooth grinding.
67. Sue : Is your computer reasonably modern?
C) I see. Generally, a case like this results from
Wendy : ----
muscle spasms brought on by repeated muscle
Sue : Then its terribly out of date! With
or tooth clenching and tooth grinding.
computers there are new things happening
D) Of course, treatment is needed when a person all the time.
has jaw pain or trouble moving his jaw. Wendy : That may be. But Im comfortable
with mine and have no intention of changing
E) People with this condition need to suppress it..
yawns, cut food into small pieces, and eat food
thats easy to chew.
A) I suppose so. Ive never really thought about it.
B) Are you trying to sell me a new one?
C) Probably not. Its a bit slow, though, and that

can be annoying.
D) Oh, yes. Ive had it about six years, thats all
E) I dont know. But its been giving me a lot of

trouble lately.
70. Libya is almost all desert with the exception
of the cities of Tripoli and Benghazi, which
en yakn cmleyi bulunuz. traditionally have had little in common..
A) Libya is so covered by desert that it has only

68. Many people prefer to eat organic food, that the cities of Tripoli and Benghazi, which are
is, food unpolluted by chemical fertilizers and totally different from each other.
pesticides..
B) If one leaves out Tripoli and Benghazi, cities
historically almost completely unlike each
A) A growing number of people are interested in other, nearly all of Libya is covered by desert.
organic food, since it is produced free of
chemicals and pesticides. C) Libyas cities of Tripoli and Benghazi, which do
not share a common tradition, are not affected
B) Organic food is thought to be healthier as no by the desert which completely covers the
chemical fertilizers or pesticides are used in its country.
production.
D) Since Libyas cities of Tripoli and Benghazi,
C) Obviously, organic food is preferable since it is which have little shared tradition, are situated
free of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. on the coast, the rest of the country is
completely covered by desert.
D) The preference for organic food has led to a
reduction in the use of chemical fertilizers and E) Because Libya is covered by desert, its cities of
pesticides. Tripoli and Benghazi, which do not have a
common historical heritage, are situated by the
E) Organic food, food produced without the aid of sea.
chemical fertilizers or pesticides, has many
adherents.
71. On sunny days I always feel more cheerful,
and so, I think, do most people. .
69. Students will usually concentrate harder in
the lesson if they know they will be organized
into small groups for interactive discussion.. A) Ive often noticed that on sunny days you see a
lot more cheerful people
A) Once students get used to being split up for B) I cant understand why people feel more
interactive discussion, their ability to cheerful when the sun shines.
concentrate generally improves.
C) Once the sun comes out I am sure we shall all
B) On the whole, when students know they are start to look more cheerful
going to be split up into small groups for
interactive discussion, they will concentrate D) I suppose most people are like me and feel
better. more cheerful when the sun shines.
C) One way to improve concentration is to split E) Like many people I become very happy as long
students up into small groups for interactive as the sun shines brightly
discussion.
D) Interactive discussion is a sure way of

encouraging students to increase their powers
of concentration.
E) The best way to stimulate concentration is to

organize these students into small groups for
interactive discussion.
74. For decades, China has been content to let
the invisible hand of the market work its
parada anlam btnln salamak iin magic on the countrys economy. But theres
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz. one area where the government wants to
reassert state control: healthcare. ---- Today,
nearly 40 per cent of the population cant
afford to see a doctor. The average hospital
72. With more than 600 species of orchids, stay for a Chinese citizen costs nearly as
Nicaragua is prime territory for one of much as an individuals annual per capita
natures most exquisite treasures. The Selva income in the country. Healthcare grievances
Negra Mountain Resort in the central part of have been at the heart of thousands of
the country boasts at least 14 species in its organized protests countrywide in recent
grounds, with 14 hiking trails that make years..
orchid sightings anything but rare. ----. The
best time to visit this particular region is in
the dry season, from February to May, when A) Some hospitals have had to hire security
there is little rain and temperatures are cool.. personnel to protect medical staff from angry
mobs.
A) The dodsoniana, one of these newly identified B) By comparison, Japanese pay just 15 per cent
species, was found just 4 years ago of their medical spending out of pocket.
B) Five new species have been discovered in C) So the government has recently developed a
recent years in other parts of the country strategy to provide affordable medical
insurance to 90 per cent of its population by
C) Selva Negra is situated in a cloud forest an 2010.
ecosystem ideal for orchids and other air plants
D) In fact, the free market reforms in China were
D) If an orchids growing conditions are gradually first initiated in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
modified to acclimatize it to a new location, the
plant can make a healthy transition E) The Chinese government has already met
many of its economic goals and is now
E) In fact, the Stanhopea flower looks like a beginning to address scientific and
hovering butterfly, and some are very technological development.
aromatic, with a fragrance of vanilla or hot
chocolate
75. ---- Like the French Revolution, they brought
down not only a regime, but an empire. Like
73. World War II left Europe a land of wreckage the French Revolution, they gave way to
and confusion. Millions of refugees travelled violence. And again like the French
hundreds or thousands of miles on foot to Revolution, they had sweeping international
return to their homes while others were consequences. These revolutions and the fall
forcibly displaced from their lands. ----. Food of the Soviet Union marked the end of the
remained in dangerously short supply, and Cold War, which had structured international
even a year after the war roughly 100 million politics and shaped the everyday lives of
people in Europe still lived on less than 1, millions of people since the end of World War
500 calories per day.. II..
A) In some areas housing was practically A) The Iron Curtain had established one of the
nonexistent, with no available means to build most rigid borders in European history.
anew
B) The Eastern European revolutions of 1989 and
B) The Soviet campaign to control eastern Europe the subsequent collapse of the Soviet Union
did not go unchallenged were a revolutionary turning point.
C) Historians estimate that in World War II nearly C) The collapse of the Soviet Union opened up
50 million people died both Russia and its former imperial dominions.
D) Even more than World War I, World War II D) In the 1970s and 1980s, the Eastern European
involved the combined efforts of whole nations faced serious financial difficulties.
populations
E) The Czechs staged demonstrations against
E) Since industry was essential to winning the Soviet domination towards the end of 1988.
war, centres of industry became vital military
targets
78. (I) Cervantess masterpiece, the satirical
novel Don Quixote, recounts the adventures
okunduunda parann anlam btnln of a Spanish gentleman, Don Quixote of La
bozan cmleyi bulunuz. Mancha. (II) Indeed, Cervantes was fully
aware of the developments of the novel as a
new literary form. (III) In the novel, Don
Quixote is fifty years old and has already
76. (I) Psychotherapy refers to the treatment become unbalanced by his constant reading
of mental disorders by psychological means of chivalric epics. (IV) His mind is filled with
(II) As a result, despite differences in all kinds of fantastic adventures. (V) So, he
techniques, most methods of psychotherapy sets out on a knightly adventure, imagining
have certain basic features in common. windmills to be giants, and flocks of sheep to
(III)The term embraces a variety of be armies of infidels..
techniques, all of which are intended to help
emotionally disturbed individuals modify
their behavior, thoughts and A) I
notions.(IV)Some psychotherapists believe
that modification of behavior is dependent on B) II
the individual's understanding of his or her
unconscious motives and conflicts. (V) Others C) III
focus on changing habitual patterns of
D) IV
thinking and behavior rather than on
unconscious conflicts.. E) V
A) I 79. (I) One of the major strategies to manage

global warming is prevention. (II) Prevention
B) II of global warming involves developing ways
to prevent the buildup of greenhouse gases
C) III
in the atmosphere. (III) It is the ultimate and
D) IV best solution because it is permanent. (IV)
However, it requires new technologies that
E) V have not yet been developed. (V) Most of all,
environmental problems are connected to
overpopulation..
77. (I) The average salt concentration in the
oceans at the present time is around 35
grams per litre of sea water. (II) Geological A) I
evidence shows that this figure has remained
constant for the last 1.5 billion years. (III) B) II
Actually, this means that the oceans must
lose nearly three billion tons of salt each year C) III
to balance the amount that enters them. (IV)
D) IV
Suggested mechanisms for this process
include loss through sea spray, chemical E) V
reactions at the sea floor, biological activity,
and the formation of salt deposits on land.
(V) It is true that floating ice would not 80. (I) Plot is the sequence of incidents or events
change sea levels if it melted.. of which a story is composed. (II) Most short
stories will hardly have room for more than
one or two developed characters. (III) When
A) I recounted by itself, it bears about the same
relationship to a story that a map does to a
B) II journey. (IV) Just as a map may be drawn on
a finer or grosser scale, a plot may be
C) III
recounted with lesser or greater detail. (V) It
D) IV may include what a character says or thinks,
as well as what he does..
E) V
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 B 41 B
2 C 42 D
3 A 43 C
4 E 44 D
5 A 45 D
6 B 46 B
7 B 47 D
8 A 48 E
9 D 49 B
10 C 50 A
11 D 51 C
12 E 52 D
13 D 53 A
14 C 54 D
15 D 55 A
16 B 56 D
17 A 57 B
18 C 58 E
19 D 59 E
20 A 60 B
21 B 61 C
22 D 62 E
23 E 63 D
24 A 64 C
25 B 65 A
26 C 66 E
27 B 67 D
28 A 68 E
29 C 69 B
30 D 70 B
31 C 71 D
32 B 72 C
33 E 73 A
34 C 74 C
35 C 75 B
36 B 76 B
37 A 77 E
38 B 78 B
39 E 79 E
40 A 80 B
4
5. Team success ---- the cooperation and
collective efforts of human beings who may
yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi or may not even like each other..
bulunuz.
A) gets into
1. These novels illustrate the author's ---- for B) makes up

the struggles of young people and the proper
help that should be given.. C) takes off
D) depends on
A) deceit
E) puts off
B) obligation
6. 40-50 percent of managers and executives
C) alteration
time is ---- meetings, that either they call, or
D) disturbance have to attend..
E) concern
A) brought up
2. Bacteria are truly remarkable in terms of B) taken up with

their adaptations to extreme environments
and their abilities to survive in parts of Earth C) held up
that are ---- to other forms of life..
D) made out
A) distasteful E) carried out
B) cordial 7. While the battle ---- out in the open,

the technological capability of the coalition
C) inhospitable
forces ---- them the lead..
D) persuasive
A) had been fought / was giving
E) discreet
B) was fought / would give
3. A detailed understanding of why the World
Trade Center towers collapsed will mean that C) was being fought / gave
engineers can ---- the lessons learned into
D) would have been fought / will give
future designs..
E) is being fought / has given
A) participate
8. Alcohol ---- every organ of the body, but the
B) reproduce most dramatic evidence of its disruptive
behaviour ---- in the liver..
C) incorporate
D) reinstate A) affected / has appeared

E) demonstrate B) affects / appears
4. Most multiple-sclerosis patients suffer C) is affecting / appeared

weakness and visual problems, and they
D) had affected / would appear
become ---- more disabled..
E) has affected / had appeared
A) hardly
9. The European Commission has put forward
B) progressively that policies to cut greenhouse gases will not
work ---- individuals share the vision of a low-
C) absolutely
carbon society..
D) solely
A) provided that
E) plausibly
B) after
C) but
D) while
E) unless
10. Some people have a talent for science and 15. Until its collapse, the Roman Empire, also
mathematics, ---- others are good at art and known as the Holy Roman Empire was ---- a
music.. feared opponent, ---- a respected territorial
power in the world..
A) such as
A) whether / or
B) rather than
B) so / that
C) while
C) too / as
D) no matter
D) not only / but also
E) otherwise
E) so / as
11. The Old Wives Tale is one of ---- impressive
novels I have read for a long time.. 16. Although ancient Persian potters ----
aluminum to their clay ---- their pottery, pure
aluminum wasn't discovered until 1825..
A) a more
B) most A) added / to strengthen
C) the most B) add / strengthened
D) least C) had added / strengthen
E) the little D) have added / strengthening
E) will add / having strengthened

12. Waste heat can be turned ---- electricity
using a type of solar cell powered ---- heat
rather than light..
A) from / with
B) on / to
C) by / from
D) into / by
E) off / through
13. This comprehensive Encyclopedia of

Antarctica spans subjects ranging ---- the
history of exploration ---- glaciology, geology
and biology..
A) through / in
B) of / with
C) in / of
D) from / to
E) over / for
14. Some types of microscopic organisms, called

hyperthermophilic bacteria, can survive ----
extremely high temperatures, sometimes
even ---- 100C..
A) under / for
B) on / with
C) in / by
D) at / above
E) within / as
21. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) competitive
B) dominant
London, which is the largest city in Europe, is hometo C) efficient

about seven million people. (I) ----by the Romans in
the 1st century A.D. as an administrative centre and D) fascinating
tradingport, the capital is now the main residence of
E) vague
the British monarchs, and thecentre of government.
(II) ----possessing many museums and art galleries,
London has many other attractions,which make it an
exciting city, (III)---- a wide variety of entertainment.
Various cultural developments thathave taken place
recently (IV) ----to the citys range of attractions.
However, there are many other (V) ---- towns to
explore, such as thehistoric centres of York and Bath.
17. I.
A) Represented
B) Destroyed
C) Followed
D) Changed
E) Founded
18. II.
A) In addition to
B) Rather than
C) Compared to
D) In case of
E) Contrary to
19. III.
A) by
B) with
C) in
D) from
E) about
20. IV.
A) had added
B) were adding
C) have added
D) will add
E) should have added

26. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) their own
B) theirs
The Spanish are famous for their natural C) the others

sociabilityand appetite for life. They (I) ----to put as
much energy into enjoying life as they do into their D) one anothers
work. The (II) ---- lazy Spaniard is a myth, butmany
E) themselves
people fit their work to the demands (III)---- their
social lives, rather than be ruled by the clock. The day
isquite long in Spain, and the Spanish have a word, 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
madrugada, for the timebetween midnight and dawn, ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
(IV) ----city streets are often still full of people
enjoying (V) ----.
27. ---- because they were continually forced to

defend their own conquests against other
22. I. invaders..
A) knew A) The Romans did not usually impose heavy tax

burdens on the cities they conquered
B) are known
B) The geography of the Italian peninsula had a
C) have known
decisive influence on Romes development
D) were knowing
C) The Romans were descended from various
Indo- European peoples that had crossed the
E) are to be known
Alps into Italy during the second millennium
B.C.
23. II.
D) The Romans were a sternly military society
almost from the moment they settled on Italian
A) typical soil
B) dissatisfied E) The Romans looked to their gods to bestow

upon their households and their city the
C) dominant blessings of prosperity, victory, and fertility
D) unpleasant
28. ---- where bones that span six million years of
E) challenging human evolution have been dug up over the
last 25 years..
24. III.
A) New archaeological evidence helps us to
understand the evolution of primitive humans
A) towards
B) Various fossils have recently been found in an
B) at
Ethiopian valley
C) of
C) The history of human evolution can best be
D) into traced through the study of fossils
E) through D) The new discoveries in Ethiopia significantly

expand our knowledge of primitive humans
25. IV. E) In Ethiopia, a wide range of fossils, including

teeth, skull, jaw and hand bones, have been
discovered
A) where
B) which
C) that
D) when
E) how
29. If teamwork were taught along with reading, 32. ----, the current flows steadily in one
writing and mathematics, ----.. direction, and this is called directed current..
A) some of the research in this area would centre A) When a battery is connected to a circuit
on bad behaviours that degrade a teams
performance B) Though the electric plugs have still to be
checked
B) it is only after a great tragedy or triumph that
the importance of teamwork is drawn into the C) As electrical energy can easily be transformed
spotlight into other forms of energy
C) there would be enormous benefits to students D) Whenever the supply of electricity to homes
and society alike and factoriesis cut off
D) a crucial question that should be asked before E) Because the electric wiring has been specially
putting a team together is whether you need designed to carry heavy loads
one at all
33. Overconsumption of vitamin A is potentially
E) a successful team would deal with its members
most dangerous in pregnant women, ----..
who do not contribute anything to the group
30. ----, just as his sister represented female A) but pregnant women are not advised to eat
excellence.. liver because of its large vitamin A content
B) so it helps build resistance to minor infections

A) Homers epic The Iliad, in which the Olympian and is needed for healthy skin
gods are portrayed, refers to Apollo as the god
who sends disease with his arrows C) as large doses can cause birth defects and
many other health problems
B) Apollo was one of the twelve gods of Olympus
and, during the Trojan War, he supported the D) while it is usually obtained from milk, cheese
Trojans against the Greeks and vegetable sources
C) In mythology, Apollo, who was the twin brother E) and this makes no difference to the efficacy of
of Artemis, known also as Diana, was the vitamin A
considered to represent masculine physical
perfection 34. You can only write a good summary of a
passage ----..
D) Among the ancient Greeks, Apollo was
worshipped not only as the god of poetic and
musical inspiration but also as the god of the A) if you ever need to go back to review it
sun
B) why you have read it carefully
E) In antiquity, Apollos temple at Delphi was
often visited by large crowds because it was a C) when you have fully understood it
major centre for prophesies
D) that it uses words from the essay
31. Although AIDS still has no cure, ----.. E) whether the summary is objective
A) the devastating effects of HIV infection seemed 35. Environmentalists are criticizing the patent
unstoppable office for delaying its decision on some new
measuring instruments ----..
B) remarkable progress has been made in
understanding and treating HIV infection
A) while the guidelines have been consistently
C) a specific dietary strategy for the treatment of ignored
the disease has not been devised
B) if applications for patents on plants are on the
D) the severity of wasting may determine the increase
duration of survival
C) before objections were filed against patents on
E) the causes of malnutrition and wasting in HIV a herbicide resistant plant
infection are related to the disease itself
D) since they believe that these are urgently
needed to detect certain problems
E) as if the controversy had actually died down

36. Some types of breast cancer grow very slowly 38. Shakespeare, her ne kadar tm yaratclk
and spread to other parts of the body ----.. enerjisini ncelikle sahneye odaklam olsa
da, kendisi ayn zamanda ann en nde
gelen lirik airi idi..
A) as an infected breast usually appears red and
swollen
A) Even if Shakespeares creative energy was
B) so long as they can be detected primarily focused on the stage, he was indeed
the most admired lyric poet of the period.
C) only after they become very large
B) For Shakespeare, the stage was the focus of his
D) so that the diseased breast may be removed creative energy, but he was also a leading lyric
poet of his time.
E) because recently two separate genes for breast
cancer have been identified C) It was on the stage that Shakespeare mainly
focused his creative energy, even though he
was regarded as the most eminent lyric poet of
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleye the period.
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi D) Shakespeare was the most respected lyric poet
bulunuz. of his age, although his creative energy was
mainly focused on the stage.
E) Although Shakespeare focused all his creative

energy primarily on the stage, he was as well
37. ster kendinden emin byk ocuk, ister ok
the foremost lyric poet of his age.
ynl ortanca ocuk olun, aile iindeki
konumunuz i seiminizden evliliinizin ne
kadar baarl olduuna kadar her eyi 39. Su ve binalar stmak ve elektrik retmek iin
etkileyebilir.. kullanlabilen gne enerjisi, tkenmez bir
kaynaktr ve fosil yaktlarndan daha az evre
sorunlarna neden olur..
A) Everything, from your choice of career to the
success of your marriage, is determined by
whether you were born as a confident first child A) Compared with fossil fuels, solar energy causes
or as a resourceful younger child a few environmental problems, but it is an
inexhaustible source that can be used for the
B) No matter what your position in the family may heating of water and buildings and also to
be, your choice of career and the success of generate electricity.
your marriage depend highly on whether you
have been a confident elder child or a B) As an inexhaustible source, solar energy, which
resourceful middle child. can be used for the generation of electricity
and also for the heating of water as well as
C) Whether you are a confident first-born or a buildings, has fewer environmental problems
resourceful middle child, your position in the than do fossil fuels.
family can affect everything from your choice
of career to how successful your marriage is. C) Solar energy, which can be used to heat water
and buildings and generate electricity, is an
D) It seriously matters, both as regards your inexhaustible source and causes fewer
career and the success of your marriage, environmental problems than do fossil fuels.
whether you were born the confident elder
child or the resourceful middle child of the D) Although solar energy has much fewer
family environmental problems than do fosil fuels, it is
indeed an inexhaustible source that can be
E) Even if you are a confident first child rather used to heat water and buildings and generate
than a resourceful middle child, everything electricity.
from your choice of career to how successful
your marriage is will be affected by your E) Solar energy is so inexhaustible a source that,
position in the family. since it causes fewer environmental problems
than do fossil fuels, it can be used to heat
water and buildings and generate plenty of
electricity.
40. The amount and severity of global warming 42. The findings of a ten-year study reveal that
depend on how much greenhouse gas we add two species of seahorses have been living in
to the atmosphere.. the waters around Britain without anyone
realizing they were there..
A) Atmosfere ne kadar sera gaz ilve edersek,

buna bal olarak, kresel snmann miktar ve A) ngiltere'nin evresindeki sularda daha nce
younluu deiir. onlarn orada yaadn kimsenin bilmedii iki
tr denizatnn olduu on yllk bir almayla
B) Kresel snmann miktar ve iddeti, atmosfere ortaya kt.
ne kadar sera gaz ilve ettiimize baldr.
B) On yllk bir almann bulgular ngiltere'nin
C) Kresel snmann miktarna ve iddetine bal evresindeki sularda onlarn orada olduunu hi
olarak, atmosfere ne kadar sera gaz ilve kimsenin farketmedii iki tr denizatnn
ettiimiz anlalabilir. yaamakta olduunu gsteriyor.
D) Atmosfere ilve ettiimiz sera gaznn ne C) ngiltere'nin evresindeki sularda iki tr

miktarda olduu, kresel snmann miktar ve denizatnn yaadn ilk kez ortaya karan on
younluuna baldr. yllk alma bu trlerin hi farkedilmediini
belirtiyor.
E) Atmosfere ne lde sera gaz ilve ettiimize
bal olarak, kresel snmann miktar ve D) On yllk almann sonularna gre
iddeti anlalr. ngiltere'nin evresindeki sularda hi kimsenin
bilmedii iki tr denizatnn yaamakta olduu
bildiriliyor.
41. A striking feature of pregnancy is that blood
pressure and peripheral vascular resistance
E) ki tr denizat hi kimseye belli etmeden
fall soon after conception..
ngiltere'nin evresindeki sularda yaarken on
yllk bir alma onlar ortaya kard.
A) Dllenme sonras kan basncnn ve periferal
vaskler direncin dmesi, gebeliin dier bir
arpc zelliidir.
B) Dllenmeyi takiben, kan basnc ve periferal

vaskler direncin dmesi, gebelikle ilgili
nemli bir zelliktir.
C) Gebeliin bir dier nemli zellii, dllenme

sonucunda, kan basncnn ve periferal vaskler
direncin dmesidir.
D) Gebeliin arpc bir zellii, kan basnc ve

periferal vaskler direncin, dllenmeden hemen
sonra dmesidir.
E) Gebeliin bir baka arpc belirtisi, dllenme

olur olmaz, kan basncnn ve periferal vaskler
direncin dmeye balamasdr.
44. According to the passage, doctors now
approach sleeping pills as ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) a short-term solution to the problem of

insomnia
Just a few decades ago, doctors would dispense
sleeping pills as if they were sweets. Today, sleeping B) an essential way to help insomniacs to become
pills are no longer considered to be an appropriate normal sleepers
solution to chronic sleeplessness. As they treat only
the symptoms of insomnia, any improvement in sleep C) a useful method to reduce sleeplessness on its
can only be temporary, thereby perpetuating the own
cycle of insomnia and drug-induced sleep. Ironically,
D) a suitable means to cope with the disturbances
many people initially turn to sleeping pills, as of insomnia
insomnia has left them helpless and out of control.
However, pills can become a trap that escalates E) an effective measure to prevent insomnia to a
feelings of dependency, lowered self-esteem and great extent
guilt. Then insomniacs end up having to cope with
two stressful problems: insomnia and dependency on 45. According to the passage, the primary
sleeping pills. Most patients prefer non-drug drawback of sleeping pills is that they ----..
approaches like avoiding caffeine and nicotine, but
they do not know how best to escape the
A) produce inconsistent results in some people
sleeplessness. However, some doctors guide their
patients by prescribing the smallest possible dose, to B) affect the personality of the user adversely
be used only after two consecutive nights of bad
sleep. As an alternative to supplement the pills, C) have many side effects like allergic reactions
professionals provide such sleep aids as
antihistamines which produce drowsiness as a side D) fail to show promising results in people with
low self-esteem
effect. Also, synthetic melatonin has recently been
marketed and publicized as a natural sleeping pill. E) lose all their effectiveness when taken
Although several studies found that melatonin was irregularly
effective for promoting sleep, the studies focused on
normal sleepers, not insomniacs. All in all, it seems
that careful implementation of new behavioural success in treating the problem of insomnia -
patterns provides the most promising results to ---..
sufferers
A) is associated with using synthetic melatonin
43. According to the passage, initially B) centres around following non-drug approaches
professionals assisted patients with sleep
deprivation by ----.. C) lies primarily in changing the way that patients
behave
A) prohibiting the use of alternative drugs D) depends on extensive use of the sleeping pills
B) increasing the amount of sugar in their diet E) can be reached by substituting the sleeping
pills with antihistamines
C) monitoring their sleep patterns
D) prescribing them medicine
E) observing their allergic reactions

the banks involved in the Abacha money
cevaplaynz. scandal ----..
A) rejected offhand the demands of the

In an agreement made outside the courts in Basle,
Nigeriangovernment
Switzerland, Nigerian state representatives, Swiss
federal officers and executives from a dozen B) resisted the reforms the court suggested
European banks have agreed on the return of around
1.1 billion euros of the late dictator Sani Abacha's C) did not take the matter at all seriously
investments, to Nigeria. The conclusion of what has
D) will be remembered for illegal dealings formany
been one of the world's largest investigations into
years to come
money laundering comes as a huge relief to
regulators and bankers in Switzerland, the UK, E) were unwilling to change their bankingpractices
Liechtenstein, Luxembourg and Jersey,
the destinations that provided safe havens
50. It is understood from the passage that
for Abacha's stolen millions. In exposing just the Abacha case ----..
how easily Abacha was able to make deposits of
tens or hundreds of millions of dollars in
European banks that pride themselves on A) has revealed several significant shortcomingsin
watchfulness and integrity, the Nigerian investigators the European banking system
highlighted major failings in both the legislative and B) was first investigated and legally settled
executive competencies of the European inNigeria
banking community. Reform has already taken
place. Undoubtedly more will follow, but the sorry tale C) has given rise to much friction among
of how Europe's banks aided the dictator's outrageous theEuropean countries involved
years of theft cannot be forgotten.
D) was the most scandalous court-case, of theyear
in Basle
47. It is clear from the passage that the E) was opened at the suggestion of a
decision taken at Basle ----.. dozenEuropean banks
A) concerned the recovery, by Nigeria, of thehuge

amount of money appropriated byAbacha
B) involved a complete restructuring , of

bankingthroughout Europe
C) was not welcomed by the Nigeriansthemselves
D) finally brought the practice of moneylaundering

to an end
E) sent shock waves through the

bankingcommunity in Europe and caused
theclosedown of several banks
48. According to the passage, banks

in Switzerland and Britain, among
other countries, ----..
A) had clearly always been very strongly opposed

to money-laundering
B) allowed Abacha to deposit extremely large

amounts of money without, apparently, asking
any questions
C) had invested widely in Abacha\'s Nigeria
D) were particularly, anxious to settle the Abacha

case as quickly as possible
E) introduced a series of radical reforms all of a

similar nature, at the request of their
governments
the absence of patent laws in a number of
cevaplaynz. poor countries ----..
A) has angered the rest of the

Patent laws do little or nothing to help poor countries
internationalcommunity
dig their way out of poverty, and could even make
matters worse. That's the controversial conclusion of B) is bound to end by the year 2006
an independent commission on intellectual property
rights appointed by the British government. Its report, C) is of no importance and should be ignored
launched recently in Geneva, contains 50 radical
D) has caused the drain of their scientificpotential
recommendations to help make these rights work to
the advantage of poor countries. Britain's Department E) is to the disadvantage of native inventors
for International Development has already
promised to look hard at the suggestions, but it's
53. According to the passage, it is not yet
unclear whether the rest of the international
certain that the recommendations made by
community will listen. The World Trade Organization the British government appointed
has persuaded most countries to sign an commission ----..
intellectual property rights (IPR) agreement that
obliges them to impose Western style laws on
everything from patents to copyrights by 2006. But A) actually aim to benefit poor countries
the new report argues that these laws only benefit B) will be ratified by the World TradeOrganization
rich countries with strong traditions of invention, and
do little to aid the transfer of technology to poor C) will be finally rejected by the
countries. The report argues that poor countries internationalcommunity
should be given a lot more flexibility So as to
customize those laws, and up to a decade longer to D) will gain the approval of a majority ofcountries
do so. At present, many poor countries don't E) will aid the transfer of technology to
have intellectual property laws at all. That means poorcounties
local inventors can't get protection for their ideas, but
it also means people can buy cheap versions
54. One point made in the passage is that it is
of medicine or software that have been
to the advantage of poor countries ----..
patented elsewhere. Since poor countries often have
little to patent in the first place, the benefits of
having no laws can outweigh the disadvantages. A) not to have patent laws
B) to sign the intellectual property

rightsagreement
51. According to the passage, the findings of
a special commission set up to examine C) to accept western style laws regardingpatents
the proposed new patent laws ----..
D) to encourage the work of local inventors
A) have been widely accepted by theinternational E) to combat their poverty by accepting

community cheapgoods from abroad
B) suggest that poor countries will not benefitfrom

them
C) have been submitted to the World

TradeOrganization for approval
D) recommend that they be introduced over avery

long period of time
E) has aroused much controversy with theBritish

government
56. It is stated in the passage that ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) biological diversity is a luxury when people are
in need of food and medical products
Species diversity provides the foundation for B) hunting and fishing, unlike other
individualecosystems and thus is the prerequisite for environmentally harmful activities, are
thefunctioning of the biosphere. It is an necessary for human survival
immeasurablesource of food and medicinal products,
and anirreplaceable resource as a gene pool. Due to C) most cases of biological destruction remain
theincreasing destruction and pollution of natural unknown to the public
habitats, over-fishing and hunting, humans are
D) the public should be more concerned about the
destroying thebiological multitude of life, and with possible loss of species like the tiger
that, the basis oftheir own well-being. The public is
concerned when awell-known species like the tiger, E) biological diversity is more important for some
whale, or mountaingorilla becomes endangered; individual ecosystems than others
however, the majority ofother cases are hardly ever
noticed by the public. Apartfrom the decline of 57. One can understand from the passage
species diversity within habitats, lossof genetic thatbiological destruction ----..
diversity within individual species has alsobeen
observed. The destruction of individualpopulations
A) affects those who make the wilderness a basis
leads to a reduction in genetic regenerationcapacity
for their livelihoods
within a species. For instance, selectivedeforestation
reduces the quality of the genetic materialof affected B) comes about mostly from natural catastrophes
tree species, since only strong, healthy treesare rather than human activity
logged and the weaker ones are left
behind.Humankinds intentional or unintentional C) is most common in temperate areas such as
introduction ofexotic animal and plant species to new New Zealand, which includes many species
habitats playsan important role as well. These so- D) helps local species to reproduce and multiply
called neozicspecies can become a threat to local
species and leadto their complete extinction. For E) impacts the capacity of a species to produce
instance, the flightlessKiwi bird in New Zealand is genetically healthy offspring
threatened with extinctionby introduced rats and feral
cats. 58. As it is clearly stated in the passage, the Kiwi
bird ----..
55. It can be inferred from the passage that A) was introduced into New Zealand along with
thedestruction of species ----.. animals such as rats and feral cats
B) has become a symbol for conservation

A) is a process that can lead to disaster for throughout New Zealand
mankinds future prospects
C) has never been able to adapt to the harsh
B) can help man search for better living conditions environment of New Zealand
C) is a part of the natural cycle of life and death D) is under threat because of other animals that
on Earth were introduced into its habitat
D) is a necessity in terms of the well-being of the E) is a prime example of what is called a neozic
planet and mankind species
E) has been exaggerated and a more balanced
view needs to be taken
61. The main point made in the passage is that -
---..
cevaplaynz.
A) industries need to look carefully at the raw

materials used
Imagine an industrythat runs out of raw materials.
Companies go bankrupt, workers are laid off,families B) the economic system currently in place must
suffer and associated organizations are thrown into be rethought
turmoil.Eventually, governments are forced to take
drastic action. Welcome to globalbanking, recently C) population explosion is one of the greatest
brought to its knees by the interruption of itslifeblood threats to mankind as it requires more planning
the flow of cash. In thiscase, we seem to have been
D) all governments should have a responsibility to
fortunate. In the nick of time, governments help out in times of crisis
releasedreserves in order to start cash circulating
again. But what if the reserves hadnot been there? E) the global banking system can throw the world
What are we going to do when our supplies of vital into turmoil
materialssuch as fish, tropical hardwoods, metals like
indium and fresh water dry up? Welive on a planet 62. It is pointed out in the passage that in the
with finite resources that is no surprise to anyone past ----..
so whydo we have an economic system in which all
that matters is growth more growth means using
A) an economic system of growth was easy to
more resources.When the human population was
establish
counted in millions and resources were sparse,people
could simply move to new pastures. However, with 9 B) resources were more valuable than they are
billion peopleexpected around 2050, moving on is not today
an option. As politicians reconstructthe global
economy, they should take head. If we are to leave C) it was easy for people to find new resources
any kind ofplanet to our children, we need an
D) industry was far less dependent on raw
economic system that lets us live within ourmeans. materials
E) it was rare for businesses to actually fail

59. The author starts the passage with an
example from industry in order to ----..
A) explain why raw materials are used in industry ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) present the conditions of the workers who are

currently employed
63. Meghan : Did you know that the government
C) indicate the possible consequences of global will reduce the amount of taxes you have to
industrialization pay this year if your baby is born on or before
December 31st?
D) emphasize the importance of raw materials
Anna : Well, mines due on December 27th.
E) describe the impact of the banking system on Meghan : ----
industry Anna : Me too. I could really use a bit of extra
money for the babys things..
60. According to the passage, the global banking

crisis was resolved because governments - A) Well, I hope its not born after the deadline.
---..
B) Oh no, you might miss the deadline if its
overdue!
A) cooperated closely with the industry
C) How nice to have a baby born around the New
B) sold off large supplies of cash Year.
C) involved the necessary organizations D) What does your daughter think about having a
new little brother or sister?
D) bought new supplies of vital materials
E) Well, thats all right, then.
E) acted quickly to find a solution
64. Charles : Aircraft manufacturers are doing 66. Sam : Dont forget, clean coal means
their best to build ever more efficient, more different things to different people.
reliable, less polluting, quieter planes. Charles : I know it does. But at least people
Colleague : Yes, but there is a long way are beginning to realize that coal can be
before absolute reliability can be achieved! cleaned and, indeed, should be.
Charles : ---- Sam : ----
Colleague : Theres no doubt about that. Yet Charles : It used to be. But there are now
every effort must be made for ultimate new systems that are far more efficient and
reliability.. far less expensive..
A) Let me stress once again that, as the economy A) Whats the big problem, sulpher dioxide?
develops and per capita income rises, per
capita travel rises even faster. B) Clean coal technologies fall into three
categories.
B) Considered in technical terms, there have been
few dramatic changes in large-aircraft design C) But isnt the cleaning of coal an extremely
since the 1960s. expensive process?
C) It is a fact that, by the early 1940s, airplanes D) Coal that has been aged gives out more
had made it possible to cross the Atlantic in heat and fewer gases.
one long day of travel.
E) Is it really possible to clean coal?
D) On the other hand, in the 1960s, touring
families and students could fly from the US to
67. James : Are you planning to attend any of the
Europe on overnight charter flights.
plays at the Shakespeare festival this year?
Allie : ----
E) Agreed. However, despite occasional horrific
James : One critic, Harold Bloom, says that
crashes, modern airliners are about the safest
its because he teaches us more about
means of travel ever devised.
ourselves than any other writer.
Allie : That could be the reason..
65. Clark: I just read an interesting article in this
magazine about what makes business
successful. A) Id like to, but Im not sure Ill have time. Why
do you ask?
Sally: What does it say?
B) No, but did you know that he wasnt really
respected by the public during his own
Clark: ----
lifetime? It was only a hundred years later that
he was taken seriously.
Sally: Well, that sounds very interesting. I
never thought of it in that way before..
C) Im planning to see all of them. In fact, Ive
already bought a season ticket.
A) I dont know if I agree with you, because the
idea sounds ridiculous. D) Do you know, Shakespeares really not my
favourite thing.
B) It seems that high-performance businesses use
their expertise not just to serve markets, but E) Yes, of course. I wonder what it is that makes
also create them. his plays so popular, year after year.
C) The article is a bit difficult to explain to a

person with no background in business
administration.
D) It says something about how to make a

business profitable, but I dont quite
understand it.
E) It is very difficult for a large company to stay in

businesses these days.
70. If there hadnt been such a strong wind, it
would not have been so difficult to put out
en yakn cmleyi bulunuz. the fire..
A) If the wind hadnt been so strong, it would have

68. Unlike his contemporaries, who favoured been much easier to put out the fire.
quiet urban scenes, the sixteenth-century
Dutch painter Bruegel exulted in depicting B) When a strong wind began to blow it was even
the ordinary life of the peasantry.. more difficult to control the fire.
C) It was the strong wind which made it difficult

A) Although it was Bruegel alone among the Dutch for us to put out the fire.
painters in the sixteenth century that was
primarily interested in the representation of D) As the wind was really very strong, it took them
rural scenes, his contemporaries continued to a long time to put out the fire.
deal in their works with various aspects of
urban life. E) Its always difficult to put out a fire when there
is a strong wind blowing.
B) The Dutch painter Bruegel in the sixteenth
century mainly focused on the representation
71. With an economic growth over the past
of ordinary scenes from rural life, just as his
decade of nearly 50 per cent, Ireland enjoys a
contemporaries were much interested in
level of prosperity greater than that of
depicting urban life.
Britain..
C) The representation of rural scenes from the life
of the peasants was the Dutch painter A) Unlike Britain, Ireland has much prosperity
Bruegels primary interest, but his since it has done its best over the past decade
contemporaries in the sixteenth century took to achieve an economic growth of 50 per cent.
urban life as their main subject.
B) Irelands prosperity, which is much higher than
D) Urban life with its happy scenes was one of the that of Britain, has led to a 50 per cent rate of
major interests of the Dutch painters in the economic growth over the past decade.
sixteenth century, but Bruegel differed from
them to some extent by his depiction of C) Both Britain and Ireland enjoy a high level of
peasants hard life. prosperity, which has resulted from a 50 per
cent rate of economic growth over the last ten
E) Contrary to the painters of his time, who years.
preferred in the first place to represent
peaceful scenes from urban life, the Dutch D) Irelands economic growth over the past
painter Bruegel, who lived in the sixteenth decade has been just 50 per cent, and this has
century, took much joy in the depiction of led the country to a level of prosperity which is
scenes from the simple life of the peasants. comparable to that of Britain.
E) During the past ten years, Ireland achieved

69. A drug may affect several functions, even
almost 50 per cent economic growth, which has
though its targeted at only one..
enabled it to become more prosperous than
Britain.
A) While a drug may be used for various functions,
it becomes effective only if it is taken for a
specific function.
B) Despite various other uses, a drug usually has

a function for a special effect.
C) The functions expected of a drug are various

even if it is used for a specific disease.
D) However effective a drug may be, its functions

have to be several.
E) A drug is taken for a specific purpose, but it

may have a range of other effects.
73. We tend to think that stress is like a pair of
slippers one size fits all. Either we are
parada anlam btnln salamak iin stressed or we are not. But the fact is that it
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz. comes in different shapes, sizes and levels of
intensity. ---- However, the danger is that
stress, which often increases as weage, is a
major driver of health problems. Stress
72. An independent city close to Berlin, Potsdam diminishes our immune system and it alters
has almost 150, 000 inhabitants and is the variability of our heart rates, which may lead
capital of Brandenburg. ----. The town to fatal health problems..
blossomed in the 1600s, during the era of the
Great Elector, and then again in the 18th
century, when the splendid summer palace, A) For example, stress heightens all of our
Schloss Sanssouci, was built for Frederick the biological systems so that we can deal with a
Great. Potsdam suffered badly in World War potential threat.
II, particularly on April 14 and 15, 1945, when
the Allies bombed the town centre.. B) Furthermore, some of us certainly worry more
than others and some of us are much better
equipped to cope with emergencies than others
A) The Marmorpalais (Marble Palace) is located on
the edge of the lake in the Neuer Garten, a C) The big difference between stress today and
park northeast of Potsdams centre stress yesterday is not the fact that cavemen
did not have e-mail; its that their stress was
B) Despite its wartime losses, Potsdam is today temporary.
one of Germanys most attractive towns
D) Too much stress can lead to a number of
C) The Schloss Cecilienhof played an important problems like heart attacks, cancer and
role in history in 1945, when it served as the disabling accidents.
venue for the Potsdam Conference
E) In contrast, there seems to be a direct
D) The first documented reference to the town relationship between stress and aging; more
dates from A.D. 993; it was later granted stress means faster aging.
municipal rights in 1317
E) Tourists flock to see the magnificent royal 74. Forensic science, which is a multidisciplinary
estate, Park Sanssouci, and to stroll in the field, involves the use of scientific techniques
Neuer Garten to solve criminal cases. TV shows in America
are giving their viewers a distorted view of
how it is carried out. The actors playing
forensic personnel, for instance, are a
mixture of police officer, detective and
forensic scientist. However, this job
description does not exist in the real world. -
--- In fact, specialization within forensic
laboratories has been the norm since the late
1980s. Every forensic scientist needs to know
about other disciplines, but no scientist is an
expert in every area..
A) Police detectives, who used to gather about

five pieces of evidence from a crime scene, say
they are collecting more today.
B) Yet, TV shows often incorrectly portray forensic

scientists as having ample time for every case.
C) Law enforcement, investigations and forensic

science are each so complex that they demand
their own education, training and methods.
D) Several TV detectives or technicians, however,

often devote their full attention to one
investigation.
E) Even so, enrolment in forensic science studies

has recently increased substantially at many
universities.
75. Efforts to identify a single personality profile 77. (I) In 1537, the Ottoman admiral-in-chief
of the helpful person have not been very Kheir-ad-Din launched a campaign to annex
successful. Rather, it appears that particular Venetian possessions around the coasts of
personality traits and abilities dispose people Greece. (II) The most famous admiral of his
to help in specific types of situations. For day, Andrea Doha was admired and
instance, a study revealed that adults with a distrusted equally. (Ill) He also raided the
high need for approval were more likely to Italian coast, ravaging the Papal States and
donate money to charity than those the domains of the Spanish Habsburg
individuals who were low in need for social dynasty. (IV) In desperation the Christian
approval, but only when other people were states united to face a common enemy,
watching them. ----. forming a Holy League under the leadership
of Pope Paul III. (V) In the summer of 1538,
they assembled a large fleet under the
A) In contrast, empathy means feelings of overall command of the Habsburg's admiral,
sympathy and caring for others, in particular, the Genoese Andrea Doria..
sharing vicariously or indirectly in the suffering
of others.
A) I
B) As expected, the people in the high-empathy
condition experienced significantly greater B) II
empathy, as reflected in self-ratings of
sympathetic and compassionate feelings. C) III
C) Presumably, this shows that people high in a D) IV

need for approval are motivated by a desire to
win praise from others and so act in a helpful E) V
manner only when their good deeds are likely
to be noticed. 78. (I) During the Late Bronze Age, trade became
an increasingly important aspect of
D) Further insights into personality and
international relations. (II) Seaborne trade
helpfulness come from studies of individuals
flourished up and down the coast of the
who regularly donate their services for the sake
eastern Mediterranean, allowing smaller,
of being more helpful.
seaside centres to become powerful
merchant city-states. (III) The great coastal
E) Finally, women are more likely than men to be
cities of the eastern Mediterranean became
the primary caregivers for the family, thus
wealthy entrepts for the exchange of a
making them appear to be more helpful and
bewildering variety of goods. (IV) Bronze Age
empathetic.
Greece was an important and well integrated
part of the Mediterranean world. (V) At the
same time, the great states of the region
continued to exploit their control of overland
okunduunda parann anlam btnln trade routes, relying more than ever on
bozan cmleyi bulunuz. moving goods to an international market..
A) I
76. (I) The brain has three tasks to carry out
when contemplating a chessboard. (II) It is a B) II
game that has strong adherents, but it is not
for everyone. (III)It must comprehend the C) III
rules, as each piece moves according to its
D) IV
own powers and restraints. (IV) Then it must
analyze potential moves, which involves E) V
envisioning different configurations on the
board. (V) Lastly, it must decide which move
is most advantageous..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
79. (I) On 26 July 1956, Egypt seized the Suez
Canal. (II) Egypts president at the time,
Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser, announced the
nationalization of the Suez Canal Company.
(III) His main aim was to provide funding for
the construction of the Aswan High Dam. (IV)
Violence is endemic in the Middle East even
as the geopolitical landscape is changing
rapidly. (V) His unilateral decision led to the
invasion of the Canal area by a joint British
and French force..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
80. (I) Although many archaeological virtual

libraries have been created, the official one
for archaeology worldwide is
ArchNet (archnet.uconn.edu). (II) A number
of established journals also have a Web
presence. (III) Maintained by the University
of Connecticut; it catalogues thousands of
links, according to geographical region and
subject. (IV) Academic electronic journals and
publishers, academic departments and
museums are also listed. (V)Another virtual
library for archaeology, ARGE, divides
information by country, subject or period,
and visits and evaluates Web sites
before including them..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 E 41 D
2 C 42 B
3 C 43 D
4 B 44 A
5 D 45 B
6 B 46 C
7 C 47 A
8 B 48 B
9 E 49 D
10 C 50 A
11 C 51 B
12 D 52 E
13 D 53 A
14 D 54 A
15 D 55 A
16 A 56 C
17 E 57 E
18 A 58 D
19 B 59 D
20 C 60 E
21 D 61 B
22 B 62 C
23 A 63 A
24 C 64 E
25 D 65 B
26 E 66 C
27 D 67 E
28 B 68 E
29 C 69 E
30 C 70 A
31 B 71 E
32 A 72 D
33 C 73 B
34 C 74 C
35 D 75 C
36 C 76 B
37 C 77 B
38 E 78 D
39 C 79 D
40 B 80 B
5
5. The cardiovascular system is ---- of the heart
and all of the blood and lymphatic vessels in
yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi the body..
bulunuz.
A) spread out
1. The auroras are caused by the ---- of solar B) brought together

winds with gases in the Earth's atmosphere..
C) held out
A) intersection D) made up
B) completion E) taken down
C) interaction
6. The strengthening of a nation does not solely
D) perception ---- weaponry, but also economy, culture and
knowledge make nation a strong..
E) distraction
A) set out
2. In the past decade, technology has become -
--- to freeze human embryos and then B) take along
successfully transplant them into host
mothers, thereby giving some young women C) draw up
the option of postponing childbirth..
D) rely on
A) appropriate E) make for
B) negligible 7. Today one third of the carbon dioxide (CO2)

given off by burning fossil fuels ---- the
C) potential
oceans, thus ---- their naturally alkaline pH..
D) degraded
A) is entering / reduces
E) available
B) enters / reducing
3. When she referred in her paper to
biocomplexity, many in the audience C) had entered / will reduce
scratched their heads and ---- what that word
D) will enter / reduced
meant..
E) would enter / having reduced
A) expected
8. Some Italian film makers believe that once
B) suspected Americans ---- making films in Rome again,
local films ---- as well..
C) wondered
D) improved A) would start / had flourished

E) rejected B) have started / will have flourished
4. Since many people are unaware of the C) will start / are flourishing
miseries of poverty and hunger, it is ---- easy
D) start / will flourish
for them to feel contented..
E) started / would flourish
A) painfully
9. I may never be able to come back to Turkey, -
B) barely --- I want to see as much as possible while I
am here..
C) violently
D) offensively A) since
E) usually B) unless
C) because
D) so
E) although
10. Different tools are used to measure different 14. The Bush Administrations restoration of
things; ----, balances measure weight, stop diplomatic relations with Libya ---- more than
watches measure time, and thermometers a quarter of a century of often violent
measure temperature.. confrontation is largely the result of several
years ---- painstaking and mostly secret
diplomacy..
A) for example
B) instead A) for / by
C) otherwise B) in / over
D) on the contrary C) after / of
E) however D) through / through
E) at / with
11. ---- commonly associated with hot and dry
environments, reptiles are found in a wide
range of habitats and climates around the 15. I sent an e-mail to everyone in the
world.. department, asking for articles for this
special issue, but ---- there has been no
response..
A) Although
B) Now that A) so long
C) When B) on time
D) Since C) until then
E) Just as D) even later
E) so far
12. If humans ---- forever, it ---- our civilization in
ways more profound than just about any
other technological breakthrough.. 16. After 1960 more and more scientists were
taking interest in the issue of global warming
as the observations declared ---- the level of
A) have lived / transformed carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has rapidly
elevated..
B) could live / would transform
C) live / would have transformed A) unless

D) will live / transforms B) what
E) would live / has transformed C) when
D) where
13. Psychological studies show that Belgian and
French workers place greater importance ----
E) that
personal independence than do workers ----
many other countries..
A) in / of
B) on / in
C) about / by
D) to / for
E) of / within
21. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) would have stood
B) stands
Cleopatras Isle, now known as Sedir Adas, is a C) was standing

tinysite, (I) ---- an overall length ofonly about three
and a half kilometres, situated in south-western Asia D) had stood
Minor.It is believed that Cleopatra landed there and
E) has stood
(II) ---- fell in love with it. It is (III) ---- believed that the
unique sand of the little beach on itwas brought from
Egypt (IV) ---- herpleasure by Mark Antony. This sand
is truly a special kind, described asresembling a
silkworms eggs. This description is certainly
accurate, for everysand grain (V) ---- separate
anddistinct.
17. I.
A) with
B) which
C) that
D) its
E) whose
18. II.
A) carefully
B) always
C) rarely
D) immediately
E) repeatedly
19. III.
A) yet
B) sometimes
C) already
D) ever
E) also
20. IV.
A) for
B) at
C) with
D) about
E) to
26. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) from
B) for
Todays tomatoes, peppers and other C) with

agriculturalproduce do not have the same nutritional
value (I) ---- the fruits and vegetables of 50 years ago. D) at
Recently,levels of protein and vitamins (II) ----by as
E) by
much as 38%. A (III) ----reason is the new growing
techniques. We are making plants grow bigger
andfaster but not better. (IV) ----,one piece of advice 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
could be Eat more fruit and vegetables to make up ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
(V) ---- the lower levels of proteinand vitamins.
27. ----, even though the number of paintings he

22. I. produced wasnt large..
A) as
A) It is true that Leonardo da Vinci lived in Milan
until 1499 when the city was captured by the
B) like
French forces
C) more than
B) Leonardo da Vinci was born in or near the small
D) such as town of Vinci, a days journey from Florence
E) so as C) Leonardo da Vincis writings on painting were

first published in 1651 in Paris from his
scattered notes as Treatise on Painting
23. II.
D) Leonardo da Vinci is one of the very few artists
whose reputation has from his own time
A) would drop onwards always remained at the highest level
B) drop E) When Leonardo da Vinci came to Florence as a
young man, he became the Florentine painter
C) will drop Verrocchios apprentice
D) have dropped
28. Since the bus broke down just outside Bursa,
E) would have dropped ----..
24. III. A) there wouldnt be another bus for an hour
B) there was still snow by the side of the road

A) relative
C) we were late for our appointment in Ankara
B) likely
D) it was particularly cold that night
C) gradual
E) some people would even blame the driver
D) previous
E) sensitive
25. IV.
A) Furthermore
B) Likewise
C) Therefore
D) On the contrary
E) For instance
29. If the war is of short duration, ----. 33. ----, there is enough food and water for
everyone..
A) a deep recession would have been possible

A) If they had used their resources properly
B) oil prices are likely to rise briefly and then fall
sharply B) Though nature would have been spoiled
C) a weak economy is obviously more vulnerable C) Unless we take care of our green fields
than a strong one
D) If we learned to respect the environment
D) in contrast with American ones, Europe\'s stock
markets have underperformed E) Provided that they are used well
E) such imbalances should have been corrected a

34. Mozart, who was one of the leading
long time ago
representatives of the Classical style in
music, was only thirty-five ----..
30. ---- whether the company would find
enough fresh talent to survive..
A) because the Church continued to provide
support for music
A) Throughout the 1990s skeptics wondered
B) as opera flourished in the eighteenth century
B) Even before their gifted choreographer died
C) when he died of rheumatic fever
C) The executive committee will express its
concern D) even though Bach was certainly the greatest
composer of Baroque music
D) This had naturally answered the question of
E) just as Rousseau composed music and wrote an
E) Thus a revitalized spirit emerged opera
31. Until people got into the habit of collecting 35. RNA interference, ----, can turn specific genes
and arranging documents .. off..
A) the best type of history is. after all, social and A) that a new technology could be developed
personal
B) whose ability to understand the brain was
B) it was virtually impossible to record history with accelerating
any degree of accuracy
C) just as hypertension in animals is common
C) the present preferred style of history had
already come into being D) in that nanoparticles can latch onto cancer cells
D) the archaeological evidence would have been E) which scientists have only recently begun to
adequate understand
E) our attitude to modem trends may have been

36. Geologists note that coal is similar to tar ----..
mistaken
32. A colour-blind person cannot see any A) as we might expect coal to last another 200
difference between two colours ----.. years
B) unless environmental issues may limit how

A) while to people with normal sight they are much of this resource is exploited
clearly different
C) in that both are relatively difficult to mine
B) as if red and green were completely different without dangerous environmental
consequences
C) if this were the case with traffic-lights
D) because the world is using these energy
D) since this is a potentially dangerous situation sources so inefficiently at the moment
E) whether the top light or the bottom light E) while tar is also formed by tobacco burning
signals stop
38. Son derece saygn bir yazar ve muhalif olan
Vaclav Havel, 1989da ekoslovakya
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke cumhurbakan seilince, lkedeki aa
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi yukar 42 yllk komnist ynetim sona erdi..
bulunuz.
A) The election in 1989 of Vaclav Havel, a much

admired writer and rebel, as the president of
37. Atmosferde karbon dioksit ve dier sera Czechoslovakia ended the 42-year Communist
gazlarnn art, nmzdeki yllarda regime in the country.
olabilecek ok daha cidd bir kresel snma
hakknda kayglara neden olmaktadr.. B) In 1989 when Vaclav Havel, a highly respected
writer and dissident, was elected president of
Czechoslovakia, nearly 42 years of Communist
A) As carbon dioxide and various other rule in the country came to an end.
greenhouse gases increase in the atmosphere,
there are serious concerns that a major global C) Communist rule in Czechoslovakia had lasted
warming will happen in the near future. for about 42 years before Vaclav Havel, who
was admired greatly as a writer and political
B) The increase of carbon dioxide and other rebel, was elected president of the country.
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are
causing concerns about a much more serious D) Vaclav Havel was so respected in
global warming that may occur in the years Czechoslovakia as a writer and political figure
ahead. that, when he was elected president in 1989,
the Communist regime in the country, which
C) Because of the increase of carbon dioxide and had lasted for over 42 years, came to an end.
various other greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere, a great deal of serious concern is E) As a dissident and an extremely admired
expressed about a major global warming that writer, Vaclav Havel was elected president of
may happen in a few years. Czechoslovakia in 1989, and this brought to an
end the 42-year Communist rule in the country.
D) There are many concerns that a very serious
global warming will occur in the years ahead
39. lk dnem Osmanl padiahlar hakkndaki
owing to the increased carbon dioxide and
kaynaklar, mimari eserler ve baz sikkeler
various other greenhouse gases in the
dnda, yeterli deildir..
atmosphere.
E) Since carbon dioxide and many other A) Apart from some architectural works and some
greenhouse gases have increased in the coins, there are no reliable records about the
atmosphere, there is a great deal of serious early Ottoman sultans.
concern about the possibility of a major global
warming in the near future. B) Except for some architectural works and coins,
there are not enough sources related to the
early Ottoman sultans.
C) The sources about the early Ottoman sultans

are so scarce that very little is known about
them, except through architectural works and
coins.
D) Sources about the early Ottoman sultans are

not adequate except for architectural works
and some coins.
E) Besides architectural works and coins, sources

about the Ottoman sultans are fairly sufficient.
40. Even though a number of measures have 42. Many social psychologists have turned their
been taken to prevent the smuggling of attention to promoting health practices such
arms, the problem has not yet been solved.. as avoiding the abuse of alcohol, tobacco and
other substances..
A) Alnan tm nlemler, silah kaakln

engellemede ve sorunu kkten zmlemede A) Gnmz sosyal psikologlar ar alkol, ttn
yetersiz kalmtr. ve dier maddelerden kanma gibi salk
uygulamalarn ilerletmeye abalyor.
B) Silah kaakl sorununun zmlenebilmesi
iin daha pek ok nlem alnmas gerekiyor. B) Birok sosyal psikolog ilgisini ar alkol, ttn
ve dier maddelerden kanma gibi salk
C) Alnan eitli nlemler sonucu silah kaakl uygulamalarn ilerletmeye yneltti.
azalmsa da sorun tamamen zmlenmi
deildir. C) Gnmzde, sosyal psikologlarn ou alkol,
ttn ve dier maddelerden kanma gibi salk
D) Silah kaakln engellemek iin bir dizi uygulamalarn ilerletmeyle ilgilenmeye
nlem alnmasna ramen, sorun henz baladlar.
zmlenmi deildir.
D) Ar alkol, ttn ve dier maddelerden
E) Silah kaaklna kar alnan bir dizi nleme kanma gibi salk uygulamalarn ilerletmeyle
ramen, sorunun zm mmkn ilgilenen birok sosyal psikolog var.
grlmemektedir.
E) Ar alkol, ttn ve dier maddelerden
kanma gibi salk uygulamalarn ilerletmekle
41. Gorbachev came to power in 1985 in the
ilgilenen sosyal psikolog says artyor.
former Soviet Union partly because he was
promising to make sweeping changes..
A) 1985te eski Sovyetler Birliinde kkl

deiiklikler yapmaya sz vermi olan
Gorbachev iktidara getirilmitir.
B) Eski Sovyetler Birliinde 1985te Gorbachevin

iktidara gelmesinin nedeni, beklenen kkl
deiikliklerin bir ksmn yapmaya sz vermi
olmasdr.
C) Gorbachev ok kapsaml deiiklikler yapmaya

sz verdii iin, Sovyetler Birliinde 1985te
iktidara getirilmitir.
D) Gorbachev, ksmen, geni kapsaml deiiklikler

yapmaya sz verdii iin, eski Sovyetler
Birliinde 1985te iktidara gelmitir.
E) Gorbachev, eski Sovyetler Birliinde nemli

deiiklikler yapmaya sz vererek 1985te
iktidar ele geirmitir.
45. The passage is mainly about ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) different ways in which the human body makes
use of vitamin C
Vitamin C boosts the immune system B) why we should begin taking vitamin C
bystrengthening the action of white blood cells that supplements
destroy harmful bacteria andviruses, such as cold and
flu viruses. It is also an important C) how vitamin C is absorbed into the human body
antioxidant,protecting the watery internal parts of
D) the benefits of vitamin C as compared to other
cells from the damaging effects ofexcess free
vitamins
radicals, and it works in partnership with vitamin E
which protectsthe fatty outer part of the cells. E) how much vitamin C we should obtain from
Moreover, vitamin C can help to preventcholesterol food
from becoming oxidised, a phenomenon now thought
to be theprecursor to the furring of arteries the
46. It can be understood from the passage that -
reduction of blood flow througharteries. High intakes ---..
of vitamin C are also linked with lower levels
ofstomach cancer. In addition, vitamin C improves the
absorption of iron fromnon-meat sources, so ensuring A) inadequate amounts of vitamin C can cause
a regular intake is useful if you are avegetarian. Also, adrenal glands to produce cortisone
it has mild antihistamine properties, thus allergy B) vitamin C often needs to be in contact with
sufferersmay find it helpful. Furthermore, when we other vitamins to be of any use to the human
are under physical or mental stress,vitamin C is body
depleted from our adrenal glands; it plays a
regulatory role inthe production of the hormone C) vitamin C consumption inhibits cholesterol
cortisone that helps us cope with the pressuresof life. oxidation
D) vitamin C is beneficial in mild amounts, but is

harmful when abundant
43. According to the passage, vitamin C helps to
----. E) it is better to get our daily supply of vitamin C
from meat rather than any other kind of food
A) prevent the external parts of cells from being

invaded by bacteria and viruses
B) defend the inner parts of cells against certain

harmful particles
C) overcome all the symptoms of allergic

reactions
D) control the absorption of the iron available in

meat sources
E) cure many diseases by increasing the number

of white blood cells
44. It is implied in the passage that ----..
A) even moderate amounts of vitamin C can help

to fight against stomach cancer
B) we need to take regular doses of vitamin C, as

our body cannot store it
C) any kind of vitamin deficiency in vegetarians

can be compensated with high intakes of
vitamin C
D) vitamin C is the most important vitamin

because of its many beneficial properties
E) vitamin C helps us deal with stress by

regulating the production of cortisone
50. It is pointed out in the passage that due to
the current decline of the US economy, ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) many immigrants who entered the US

illegallyhave been deported
Immigrants have long complained about
US employers who cheat or abuse them and B) employers have Introduced pay cuts
threaten to have them deported if they protest. foreveryone
Generally, the problem has been confined to the
lowest rungs of the workforce, such as Mexican C) immigrant abuse has been on the
farm hands who enter the country illegally. increase,especially with regard to professionals
But nowadays, the weak US economy has sparked
D) immigration laws have been tightened
an outbreak of abusive treatment among the
legions of professional immigrant employees who E) immigrants in the lowest rungs of theworkforce
flocked to the US on perfectly valid visas during the have been particularly badly hit
late-1990s boom. Usually, theirs are the cases
of employers who do not pay full salary or benefits.
47. According to the passage, the abuse

of immigrant workers in the US ----..
A) has largely been a matter of deportation
B) has only applied to those who did not hold valid

visas
C) is restricted to people of Mexican origin
D) has, until recently, mostly affected the

unskilled
E) had mostly stopped by the 1990s
48. According to the passage, towards the end

of the 1990s ----..
A) there was an influx of Mexican farm

workersinto the US
B) there was a noticeable improvement in the

USeconomy
C) the US government introduced strict

visameasures to stop immigration
D) US employers began to discriminate againstthe

Mexicans
E) more and more immigrants began to

protestagainst their working conditions
49. We learn from the passage that

immigrant abuse by US employers ----..
A) has been going on for quite some time
B) is very much related to nationality
C) has centered around working conditions

ratherthan pay
D) has received far too much publicity
E) has had an adverse effect on the USeconomy

53. It is clear from the passage that the
musicals in London theatres ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) depend largely on private sponsorship for

production costs
In London's theatres, tastes seem to be
changing. Though audiences are not falling, that's B) can only run for a limited period of time
mostly thanks to the allure of musicals, not plays.
The commercial London Theatres ran at 65% C) are not appreciated by serious theatre
capacity in 2003, the most recent year for which audiences
figures are available. But this disguises a big
D) cost less than straight plays do
difference between musicals and plays. For the
musicals, attendance averages 68% of capacity; for E) are popular on account of the singing and
plays, attendance is somewhat lower, at 56%. So if dancing in them
a show doesn't contain some singing and plenty
of dancing, half the chairs are likely to remain
54. One point made in the passage is that
empty. And In a business in which the costs are all aggressive programming ----..
fixed, a few more tickets sold can make all
the difference. However, London's subsidized theatres
are doing unusually well. For example, at the National A) is what has made musicals so popular
Theatre, which receives around 14 million in public
B) should be practiced by all commercial theatres
money every year, attendance has been running at in order to make them profitable
over 90% of capacity for the past 20 months. That's
partly thanks to sponsorship and partly to C) was originally devised and introduced by the
aggressive programming. National Theatre
D) is contributing greatly to the sale of tickets in

the subsidized London theatres
51. According to the passage, public interest
in London's theatres ----.. E) has been extremely cost-effective for
commercial theatres
A) reflectsthequalityofeach production
B) has steadily increased over recent years
C) has shifted away from straight plays
D) is a good indication of the decline in

aesthetictaste
E) largely focuses on the activities of the

NationalTheatre

the subsidized theatres In London ----..
A) are often criticized for wasting public money
B) manage to make a profit though their

audiences are small
C) have been specializing in musicals for quite

some time
D) have been drawing large audiences for nearly

two years
E) are more concerned about attendance than

about the quality of performance
56. According to the results of the study funded
by the World Anti-Doping Agency, ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) the study participants were all aware they were

given a placebo
Many athletes credit drugs with improving their
performance, but some of them may want to thank B) those who knew that they were given real
their brain instead. Mounting evidence suggests that drugs failed to show improvement in fitness
the boost from human growth hormone (HGH), an tests
increasingly popular doping drug, might be caused by
the placebo effect. In a new double-blind trial funded C) the athletes who did not know they were given
a placebo did well on fitness tests
by the World Anti-Doping Agency, in which neither
researchers nor participants knew who was receiving D) the preliminary findings showed the increased
HGH and who was taking a placebo, the researchers popularity of drugs
asked participants to guess whether or not they were
on the real drug. Then they examined the results of E) the effects of HGH are incompatible with those
the group who guessed that they were getting HGH found in other studies
when, in fact, they had received a placebo. That
group improved at four fitness tests measuring 57. It is understood from the passage that the
strength,endurance, power and sprint capacity. The placebo effect ----..
study participants who guess edcorrectly that they
were taking a placebo did not improve, according
A) is highly esteemed among those who are
topreliminary results presented at the Society for interested in athletics
Endocrinology meeting in June2011. The finding
really shows the power of the mind said Ken Ho, B) can play a significant role in improving the
anendocrinologist at the Garvan Institute in Sydney, performances of athletes
Australia, who led the study. She maintains that many
athletes are reaping the benefits of the placebo C) has been monitored in the participating groups
that consist of people taking doping drugs
effect, without knowing whether what they are taking
is beneficial or not. D) was also tested in other branches of sports
where competition exists
E) was very high in the studies where participants

55. It is clearly stated in the passage that the were informed in advance
support given by certain drugs ----..

A) is largely accepted for its positive contribution
to performance
A) external interventions may have negative
B) has been proven by many studies around the impacts on ones performance
world
B) every athlete should be involved in a study to
C) has led authorities to take the necessary increase his or her performance
measures against these drugs
C) success lies in the power of ones mind no
D) has been openly disputed by most of the matter which treatment he or she is exposed to
athletes
D) the World Anti-Doping Agency should be much
E) results in the improved performances of all the more careful about the use of drugs in sports
athletes who take them
E) much more research should be done on the
placebo effect among athletes
60. It is pointed out in the passage that ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) in cognitive biometrics, it is not the password
itself that is more secure, but the way it is put
in to the computer
Typing in passwords could be a thing of the past,
thanks to technology that can read your thoughts. A B) financial business applications have priority
new discovery brings cognitive biometrics very close over military applications, as they call for more
to reality. In cognitive biometrics, the response of security
your nervous system to a stimulus is measured, then
used to identify you. A series of letters or images are C) resistance to deceit is measured by how well
ones thoughts could be read by machines
flashed up on a screen and your P300 wave a type
of electrical activity in the brain is measured using D) symbols are more successful tools of user
electrodes attached to your head. When a pre-defined recognition than letters
word, letter or image is shown, recognition by the
user generates their signature, P300 wave. Until now, E) the P300 wave is gradually being replaced by
users have been shown different letters or symbols in other means of measurement in cognitive
different parts of a screen. But tests at the biometrics
universities of Essex and Wolverhampton have found
that the system identifies individuals most accurately 61. It is clearly stated in the passage that ----..
if all characters appear in the same location. This also
reduces the chances of criminals spotting the brain
A) the field of cognitive biometrics could be
word by tracking eye movement. As there is no improved by integrating the keyboard into its
keyboard involved, it is much harder for someone use
intent on fraud to get access to a password. You still
have to keep your password secure, says Dr. Palani B) research on the applicability of cognitive
Ramaswamy. Its just that the way of entering the biometrics has been exclusively conducted at
password is more resistant to fraud. Accuracy still the universities of Essex and Wolverhampton
needs to be improved before cognitive biometrics can
C) cognitive biometrics differs from other related
come into mainstream use. Once accuracy is close to fields in that, in addition to other procedures, it
100 percent, it can be used for high-security military follows eye movements
applications and financial transactions as well, he
maintains D) cognitive biometrics could benefit other fields if
the level of its precision is increased
E) with cognitive biometrics, people are ensured a

59. It can be understood from the passage that in safer yet slower means by which they could
cognitive biometrics, ----.. enter their password
A) the P300 wave refers to the nature of the 62. According to the passage, ----..
electrodes that are attached to ones head
B) the stimuli are determined beforehand to suit A) Dr. Ramaswamy does not share the opinions of
experimental purposes the other researchers in the field of cognitive
biometrics
C) ones nervous system plays a vital role in his or
her identification by a machine B) studies reveal that the way in which letters or
symbols are presented should be changed if
D) ones imaginary world created by the electrical more accuracy is desired
activity in the brain overlaps with reality
C) criminals will have to generate a signature of
E) there is almost no chance of obtaining a their own first if they want to get access to the
password through eye tracking passwords of others
D) people who actively use their mental

capabilities seem to be more easily recognized
by the system in cognitive biometrics
E) one does not have to be attached to

electrodes, as his or her signature readily
shows up on different parts of the screen
65. Kate :- Under the new regulations, you dont
have to get a tax number.
bo braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek Harold :- Are you sure? Because this form I
ifadeyi bulunuz. have to fill out has a slot where I have to
write my tax number.
Kate :- ----
Harold :- Oh, Im so happy to hear that. This
63. John : Have you seen the recent report means that I dont have to go to the tax
released by the American Rivers office, apply for a tax number and spend the
Administration? rest of the day there..
Allen : No, not yet. Whats your opinion?
John : ----
Allen : So it becomes increasingly urgent for A) Yes. You should apply for one; otherwise, your
the authorities to put into effect far more application will not be accepted.
efficient measures to improve their condition.
Dont you think?. B) Im quite sure that you have to pay a visit to
the tax office.
A) I am sure you know that the American Rivers C) Im not sure, but it is likely that youll need to
Administration analyzes and studies the get one soon.
condition of the major rivers in the country.
D) Maybe you should check with the tax office to
B) Most comprehensively prepared. It is very see whether you already have one or not.
upsetting to know how endangered most of the
nations rivers are. E) Im positive. Your tax number is the same as
your citizenship number.
C) Indeed, as you have just suggested, dams and
canals can be harmful to fish and wildlife
66. Sue : Did you know that there are three types
populations
of zip and that each is used in a different
D) As I recall from previous reports, coal mining way?
operations fill streams with coal and dirt. Jane : ----
Sue : For instance, chain zips, largely
E) It has always been admitted that the use of suitable for luggage, have metal teeth and
rivers as a water supply for domestic and are, therefore, very strong.
industrial needs causes much depletion. Jane : I see. I didnt know that..
64. Under-secretary: We have received reports A) As far as I know, there are chain zips, coil zips
that the epidemic is spreading in the area. and concealed zips. Right?
Minister: Then we must take immediate B) What about coil zips? Ive read something
action. about them; they are lighter and synthetic.
Under-secretary: _____ C) Really? Can you give me an example and say

where it can be used?
Minister: Yes, do that..
D) Well, some are ideal for fine fabrics and others
are for stronger ones.
A) But were short of medical staff there.
E) Does that mean that some of them break
B) Then Ill give the orders for doctors and medical easily?
supplies to be sent there right away.
C) It seems the children are suffering most.
D) We have already flown in adequate supplies of

food and blankets.
E) Who else do you think we could consult?

67. Liz : Do you think the Russian invasion of 69. In extremely cold regions, many animals
Georgia will do lasting damage to Russias hibernate, that is, they sleep through the
relations with the EU? winter, because in this way they can survive..
Brian : In the short term, tensions will be
high, but before long things will settle down
smoothly again. A) Many animals sleep through the winter, that is,
Liz : How can you be so positive? they hibernate, in really cold parts of the world,
Brian : ----. as this makes it possible for them to survive.
B) Hibernation, or the practice of sleeping right

A) Russias decision last year to reduce gas through the winter, is a survival technique
supplies to Europe was based on economic favoured by many animals in very cold regions.
considerations rather than on any political aim.
C) Many of the animals that hibernate, that is,
B) Russia has always shown a keen interest in sleep through the long, cold winters, do so from
European politics and often tries to influence it choice, not necessity.
to its own advantage.
D) When the winters are particularly cold, many
C) The response of France has been to construct animals choose to hibernate, that is, sleep
several new nuclear power stations. through the long dark days and increase their
chances of survival.
D) If were to live side by side, there must be a
good measure of trust. E) In order to survive in the coldest parts of the
world, many animals are forced to hibernate, or
E) Very simple. Russia needs European goods and sleep through at least a part of the winter.
technology as much as Europe needs Russian
gas.
70. According to a recent report, Internet
banking in Turkey is progressing more slowly
than previously thought..
en yakn cmleyi bulunuz.
A) According to a recent report, Internet banking
in Turkey is not as popular as many share
holders expected it to be.
68. Emily was perhaps the quietest of the three
Bront sisters, but she was, nevertheless, the B) A new report indicates that the slow growth of
most passionate.. Internet banking in Turkey is disturbing.
C) Internet banking is not developing as rapidly as

A) All three Bront sisters were quiet and expected in Turkey, according to a new report.
emotional, but this was especially true of Emily.
D) As expected, according to a new report, the
B) Of all the Bront sisters, Emily was certainly Internet has developed the banking sector in
the most passionate but she rarely talked to Turkey.
anyone.
E) In a recent report, the growth of Internet
C) The quietest of the three Bront sisters was banking in Turkey is statistically significant.
certainly Emily, though she wasnt the one with
deepest emotions.
D) The least talkative of the three Bront sisters

may have been Emily, but even so she was the
one with the strongest emotions.
E) Emily Bront wasnt as talkative as either of

her sisters, and was also less passionate.
71. Thanks partly to a dramatic decline in infant 73. Most countries that put a value on individual
mortality; life expectancy in the region has liberty allow competent adults to refuse any
increased from 45 years to 72.. medical treatment even if it is life-saving. A
patient, for example, may refuse an essential
blood transfusion, although it is vital. ---- In
A) A remarkable drop in infant mortality rates has legal terms, this would amount to committing
helped to raise life expectancy in the area from a crime..
45 years to 72.
B) There has been a slight drop in infant mortality A) If doctors were to impose treatment against the
in the area, resulting in an increase in life will of the patient, they then would be violating
expectancy from 45 to 72. the bodily integrity of the person without
consent
C) However, the infant mortality rate has dropped
surprisingly, and life expectancy in the region B) Now that the patient thinks his health will affect
has risen from 46 to 72. his ability to make decisions in the future, he
can make an advance decision to refuse
D) The startling drop in the infant mortality rates medical treatment.
may be reflected in the increase in life
expectancy from 45 to 72 years. C) Unless the patient is 18 or over, his decision to
refuse medical treatment will not be valid and
E) The increase in life expectancy from 45 to 72 accepted by health care professionals.
years can be fully accounted for by the
incredible decline in infant mortality there. D) Moreover, by law, a valid advance decision
refusing life-saving treatment means that the
patient cannot be treated.
parada anlam btnln salamak iin E) Even if the patient does not want treatment
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz. that is available, he could allow a new one.
74. St. Petersburg is not just a city of names and

movements. It is also a city of bridges, with
72. ---- Even Immanuel Kant singled out smell as more of them than any other city in the whole
the sense that was 'most dispensable' world. With its 101 islands, it is also worthy
because 'the pleasure coming from the sense of the title city of islands. Not only that, but
of smell cannot be other than temporary.' it has enough canals to compete with Venice,
However, scents can be a significant source Amsterdam, and Stockholm. ----. As
of information and over evolutionary time, Dostoevskys hero puts it, It is the most
the human nose has developed to identify abstract and fantastic city on earth..
numerous scents vital to survival. The
importance of smell has recently been
recognized, and over the past few decades, A) But most of all St. Petersburg is a city of
researchers and engineers have created culture, of literature and poetry in particular
increasingly sophisticated electronic systems
to detect and identify numerous odours to B) There are a total of 539 bridges, including 315
augment the biological restrictions of the in the city centre
human nose..
C) The sports facilities and activities in it cannot
go unnoticed
A) For many human beings, a good sense of smell
might not seem to be a desirable trait like D) The people of St. Petersburg are offered
sharp eyesight or hearing. various educational opportunities
B) Olfactory receptors that bind odorants and E) A considerable number of painters and
initiate nerve signalling, at first glance, appear sculptors have lived there, too
to respond in a very nonspecific way
C) Advances in artificial nose design have

increased the number of different mechanisms
since 1982.
D) The sense of smell has long been considered to

be more important than the other senses.
E) There exists widespread consensus that,

without a sense of smell, human beings would
not have been able to survive.
75. In finance, interest, which is a sum of money 77. (I) The rulers in Tehran had thought that
paid by a borrower to a lender in return for perception was more significant than the
the loan, is usually expressed as a actual security. (II) Iran is the 21st century
percentage per annum. ----. In compound equivalent of 1930s Russia a puzzle
interest, the interest earned over a period of wrapped in a mystery. (III) However, the
time is added to the principal, so that at the Iranians have not come across with this state
end of the next period, interest is paid on coincidentally. (IV) Rather, the Iranian
that total.. government has a deliberate policy aimed at
confusing the outside world about its goals.
(V) Given that intent, it is not surprising that
A) Nevertheless, certain problems remain in Washington has had such a difficult time
perennial interest, and these fall into two main formulating a successful Iran policy..
groups
B) The theory of capital was not a matter of A) I

primary concern to economists in the late 20th
century B) II
C) Simple interest is calculated as a straight C) III

percentage of the amount loaned or invested,
called the principal D) IV
D) However, it may be expressed either in Money E) V

terms or as a rate of payment
78. (I) When we exercise, our body naturally
E) Various theories have been developed to
produces heat. (II) Exercising in extreme
account for and justify interest
temperatures therefore provides an added
stress on our body to cool down. (III) In fact,
our body cools down by redirecting the flow
of blood to the skin, so the evaporation of
okunduunda parann anlam btnln sweat can dissipate heat from the blood. (IV)
bozan cmleyi bulunuz. Unfortunately, individuals who take part in
outdoor activities such as tennis, golf, or
running are at greater risk of physical injury.
(V) However, when the climate is humid,
76. (I) Hong Kong is fast recovering from the sweat cannot evaporate from the skin, and
effects of the SARS epidemic on the the body struggles to cool down..
economy. (II) In September, the government
launched a costly marketing campaign to
encourage tourists and investors to return. A) I
(Ill) The stock market is up 40 % from its
April low. (IV) They still say that it was the B) II
weather that brought the SARS epidemic to
an end. (V) In August, retail sales rose for the C) III
first time in six months..
D) IV
A) I E) V
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
79. (I)There are several reasons why the
Industrial Revolution started in Great Britain
rather than in France. (II) In the first place,
Britain had the money necessary to finance
the larger enterprises. (III) The Industrial
Revolution brought about radical changes in
not only the economic arena but also the
social life. (IV) Further, England's supremacy
on the seas had encouraged commerce and
thus, indirectly, industry. (V) Moreover,
there was a new rich class in England, a
merchant class, which was ready to devote
itself to industry..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
80. (I) Dante's influence on the literature of his

country is unparalleled in literary history. (II)
Especially with his Divine Comedy, he set the
final pattern of literary Italian. (III) His
epistles and eclogues owed a lot to Latin
rhetorical writings. (IV) This
great masterpiece is a poetic narrative of a
journey through hell, purgatory, and heaven,
in which he passed moral judgment on early
14 th century Italy. (V) Already in his lifetime
imitations of this great work were attempted,
but he was too great to be successfully
imitated..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 C 41 D
2 E 42 B
3 C 43 B
4 E 44 E
5 D 45 A
6 D 46 C
7 B 47 D
8 D 48 B
9 D 49 A
10 A 50 C
11 A 51 C
12 B 52 D
13 B 53 E
14 C 54 D
15 E 55 A
16 E 56 C
17 A 57 B
18 D 58 C
19 E 59 C
20 A 60 A
21 B 61 D
22 A 62 B
23 D 63 B
24 B 64 B
25 C 65 E
26 B 66 C
27 D 67 E
28 C 68 D
29 B 69 A
30 A 70 C
31 B 71 B
32 A 72 A
33 E 73 A
34 C 74 A
35 E 75 C
36 C 76 D
37 B 77 A
38 B 78 D
39 D 79 C
40 D 80 C
6
5. Results that were published by a national
institution on drug use say that illegal drug
yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi use among teenagers in Portugal has actually
bulunuz. ----..
A) taken part in
1. Sometimes a seemingly modest business
deal can change the whole ---- of an B) hunted for
industry..
C) followed up
A) expansion D) gone down
B) expression E) ended up with
C) course
6. Plants differ in their tolerance for heat, cold,
D) relapse and moisture, so when selecting plants,
gardeners must ---- account the climate of
E) vitality their region..
2. During the seventeenth and eighteenth A) allow for

centuries, there was a common view that
elegant speech was a mark of social prestige B) lose in
in that it was ---- of having come from a good
family.. C) settle down
D) figure out
A) possessive
E) take into
B) perceptive
7. People who ---- it hard to give up smoking
C) indicative
often ---- outside assistance..
D) inclusive
A) are finding / are sought
E) extensive
B) had found / are seeking
3. The green button on the far left of the
machine ---- the volume.. C) could have found / will seek
D) find / seek
A) interferes
E) would have found / had been sought
B) discloses
8. Psychologists from many different countries -
C) regulates
--- their findings in an effort to understand
D) allows the mystery of how the brain ----..
E) arises
A) combined / had functioned
4. For those obsessed with punctuality, new- B) have combined / functions

generation clocks, which tune into the
nearest official time transmitter to keep time C) combine / functioned
----, have been developed..
D) will combine / was functioning
A) sensibly E) had combined / has functioned
B) accurately
C) adequately
D) irreversibly
E) inevitably
9. Knowledge of a second language can also 13. Most children are able to walk ---- holding on
bring you into contact with new friends, ---- to anything when they are fifteen months
exposing you to a different culture and way old..
of thinking..
A) for
A) provided that
B) from
B) otherwise
C) with
C) moreover
D) without
D) as well as
E) to
E) however
14. Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, the highest
10. Drinking green tea could reduce the risk of mountain ---- Africa, rises 5, 895 metres ----
becoming infected by HIV, but it is not a cure sea level..
---- is it a safe way to avoid infection..
A) over / at
A) nor
B) across / into
B) for
C) at / through
C) as
D) below / to
D) so
E) in / above
E) either
15. Surveys often reveal that ---- half of all the
11. During the latter half of the twentieth teenage entrepreneurs that have recently
century, ---- is known today as modern emerged in the US are first born children,
agriculture was very successful in meeting a and many are from immigrant families..
growing demand for food by the world's
population..
A) as much as
A) which B) more than
B) that C) so little
C) who D) too many
D) what E) such a little
E) where
16. During the time in which he ruled Germany,
Hitler promised his followers ---- Germany
12. Ambitious plans ---- the expansion of the into a mighty empire that ---- a thousand
railway network have had to be abandoned years..
due to lack ---- funds..
A) rebuilding / lasted
A) in / of
B) to be rebuilt / has lasted
B) on / about
C) rebuilt / was lasting
C) from / in
D) having rebuilt / had lasted
D) for / of
E) to rebuild / would last
E) over / on
20. IV.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) just
B) before
Barcelona, the self-confident and progressive capital C) after

of Catalunya in Spain, vibrates with life. A thriving
port and prosperous commercial centre of 3 million D) ever
people, the city offers numerous possibilities, and
E) never
(17) ---- in a lengthy visit you will likely only scrape
the surface. It boasts some superb museums (18) ----
outstanding modernist architecture. This is most (19) 21. V.
---- expressed in Antoni Gaudis extraordinary church
of the Sagrada Familia. From early morning to long A) Under
(20) ---- midnight, the world-famous boulevard that is
the Ramblas, is choked with people shopping, B) At
chatting in cafs or watching the street performers.
(21) ---- sunny afternoons, the citys beaches attract C) By
thousands of sunbathers, cyclists and diners. D) To
E) On
17. I.
A) yet
B) since
C) rather
D) even
E) such
18. II.
A) in case of
B) as well as
C) as long as
D) as good as
E) on behalf of
19. III.
A) perfectly
B) permanently
C) freshly
D) crucially
E) selectively
25. IV.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) foster
B) reproduce
Looking an antnest is to contemplate an alien C) compromise

civilization. The boiling mass of worker ants (I) ---- an
upturned stone is bothstrangely reminiscent of D) achieve
human society and strikingly different. (II) ---- us, ants
E) curtail
build structures,find food, defend their societies and
manage waste, and also like us they (III) ---- well
organized. For example,the leaf-cutting ants of Planet 26. V.
Ant have special waste disposal areas forstoring
hazardous waste and a team of waste-disposal ants A) furthermore
dedicated tokeeping the nest clean. But ants (IV)----
this familiar end result in a very different way to B) in fact
humans. Peoplehave centralized control. In other
words, someone tells us what to do. Ants, (V) ----, C) contrary to
have decentralized controland neither the queen nor D) that is
any other ant directs work. Ant workers are
theultimate self-starters, following specific, but E) in contrast
potentially flexible, rules incertain situations
27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun

ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
22. I.
A) beneath
27. As soon as the possibility of their joining
B) for the European Union arose ----..
C) about
A) a great many young Norwegians came out
D) above strongly against the proposal
E) through B) several of the member countries are not even

trying to hire their disapproval
23. II. C) politicians everywhere have awaited the next

stage with interest
A) Because of D) there is still a strong lobby among young

people not to join
B) Like
E) Norway is now the only Scandinavian country
C) Pertaining to outside the Union
D) On account of
28. ----, unless they are put into force effectively
E) in exchange for and immediately..
24. III. A) The company shows every sign of going

bankrupt
A) had to be
B) That isn\'t the way to stop drug abuse
B) may be
C) If s not enough simply to catch criminals and
put them on trial
C) must be
D) These new measures won\'t have any
D) had better be
significant effect upon the economy
E) should have been
E) The answer is not simply to increase the fines
for traffic offences
29. As economic uncertainty threatens 32. Hierapolis was a famous spa in Roman times -
business and personnel affairs alike ----.. ---..
A) the consumers were\' even more conscious of a A) since the founder of the city was the emperor
need for government support Antiochus ll of the Seleucid dynasty
B) exposure to risk has continued to increase with B) when it was founded in the second quarter of
the increase in the number of cars the 3rd century B.C.
C) there is an increasing need for the protection C) because the only shrines that remain today are
offered by insurance a temple of Apollo and the cave-sanctuary of
Pluto
D) insurance depends heavily on expert statistical
studies D) just as Pamukkale is today
E) long-term investments were to prove E) even if these date from the Hellenistic period
problematic due to the instability in the
economy
33. ----, it would be regarded as a disaster at
home and abroad..
30. ---- until William Gladstone presented
his proposal for home rule in Ireland in 1886..
A) Since power generation in China fell by 7% last
year
A) The Republic of Ireland gained sovereignty
in1922 B) As India had enjoyed a big economic advantage
over China
B) Northern Ireland did not separate from the
South C) Because unrest and even insurgency are
widespread in many countries
C) Northern Ireland is composed of 26 districts
D) If Chinas growth rate were to fall to 5% or less
D) Northern Ireland is an integral part of the
United Kingdom E) While India is considered to be a major
economic power
E) The Irish nationalists are still struggling to end
the partition of Ireland
34. New radiocarbon dating of fossils suggests -
---..
31. While man has been learning to control his
own environment, ----..
A) that mass extinctions of mammoths and wild
horses 10,000 years ago were caused by
A) they continue to blame each other in much the natural climate shifts
same way as their fathers had before them
B) whether humans were to blame for extensive
B) there would have been as many volunteers as destruction in the natural world and also for the
were needed pollution of the oceans
C) such adverse conditions will have to be avoided C) how scientists began to understand clearly
what dinosaurs ate and why they disappeared
D) this can only be achieved by the destruction of from the face of the Earth
other environments and this is to be avoided
D) if an olive branch buried for thousands of years
E) his activities have often upset the balance of in volcanic ash could have revealed the fate of
natural communities of animals and plants the great Minoan civilization on the Greek
island of Thera
E) when it was scientifically established that

dinosaurs belonged to a large group of reptiles
called archosauria
35. In his opinion, poetry is essentially an effort
to elude facts, ----..
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi
A) since he had been regarded as a promising bulunuz.
young poet
B) whereas prose is essentially a means of

unearthing and exhibiting them 37. Byk miktarda bcek tketen yarasalarn
yardm olmazsa iftiler daha fazla bcek
C) but his poems have been published in
ilac kullanmak zorunda kalabilirler, ki bu da
respectable literary journals
evre kayglarn artnr ve sebze-meyve
D) because many critics share the view that poets fiyatlarn ykseltir..
should be concerned with politics
A) Without the help of bats, which consume huge
E) if many prose writers enjoy writing about social quantities of insects, farmers may have to use
and cultural issues more insecticide, raising environmental worries
and pushing up food prices.
36. Our knowledge of the Etruscans is severely
limited ----.. B) Farmers will need to use more insecticide,
which may or may not raise environmental
concerns as well as increase food prices,
A) that, by the sixth century B.C., the Etruscans without the help of bats consuming huge
had established a confederation of independent quantities of insects.
city states
C) Farmers' use of insecticides may double
B) while Etruscan women enjoyed a comparatively environmental worries as well as food prices
elevated place in society without the help of bats that consume huge
amounts of insects.
C) whether the Etruscans shared with the Greeks
a religion based on the worship of gods in D) With the help of bats, consuming great
human form amounts of insects, farmers may be forced to
use more insecticide, which might raise
D) just as it appears that Etruscan settlements in environmental worries and push up food prices.
Italy go back to the late Bronze Age
E) If the bats do not help farmers by eating huge
E) since their language, although written in a quantities of insects, more insecticide can be
Greek alphabet, has not yet been fully used to kill the insects, which may eventually
deciphered raise environmental concerns and food prices.
38. Babakan Berlusconi, yarglarnn

siyasal ynden yanl olmas nedeniyle talyan
yargsna gvenilemeyeceini iddia
etmektedir..
A) Prime Minister Berlusconi claims that the Italian

judiciary cannot be trusted because its judges
are politically biased.
B) Prime Minister Berlusconi is of the opinion that

the Italian judiciary cannot be trusted as the
judges are politically biased.
C) Prime Minister Berlusconi criticizes the Italian

judiciary on the grounds that its judges are
dishonest and politically biased.
D) According to Prime Minister Berlusconi, the

Italian judiciary has become dishonest because
its judges are politically biased.
E) The Italian judiciary, as Prime Minister

Berlusconi has pointed out, cannot be trusted
as the judges are politically biased.
39. Glokomda, drenaj kanalnn 41. If the birth rate is not adequately controlled,
esnekliini arttrmak, gz iindeki basn especially in the poorer countries, the
ykselmesini engelleyebilir.. resources of the world will soon be used up..
A) Unless the draining canal retains its elasticity A) Doum oran, zellikle yoksul lkelerde,
there will be a build-up of pressure in the eye in yeterince denetim altna alnmazsa dnya
glaucoma. kaynaklar ksa srede tkenecektir.
B) By increasing the elasticity of the draining B) Dnya kaynaklarnn hemen tkenmemesi iin
canal in glaucoma one can reduce the pressure yoksul lkelerde doum oran denetim altna
in the eye. alnmaldr.
C) In glaucoma, one has to prevent pressure from C) Yoksul lkelerdeki doum oran denetlenmedii
building up in the eye by increasing the srece, dnyann kaynaklar yetersiz kalacaktr.
elasticity of the draining canal.
D) zellikle yoksul lkeler, doum orann denetim
D) In order to stop a build-up of pressure in the altna almadklar iin dnyadaki tm kaynaklar
eye in glaucoma, the draining canal has to be ksa srede tkenecektir.
elastic.
E) Dnyada doum oran denetim altna alnnca
E) In glaucoma, increasing the elasticity of the kaynaklar zellikle yoksul lkelerce
draining canal can prevent the buildup of kullanlacaktr.
pressure in the eye.
42. In Egypt, a number of oil deposits have been
40. As Dr Fawcett has demonstrated in his latest discovered in recent years, but it is unlikely
article, it is the underdeveloped countries that oil will play a major role in the countrys
that have been worst hit by the economic economy in the near future..
recession..
A) Son yllarda Msrda birok petrol yataklar

A) Son makalesinde Dr Fawcettin belirttii gibi, az kefedilmitir, ancak petroln, yakn gelecekte
gelimi lkelerdeki ekonomik durgunluun lke ekonomisinde nemli bir rol oynamas
etkisi ok yaygndr. muhtemel deildir.
B) Dr Fawcett, son makalesinde, ekonomik B) Msrda son yllarda birtakm petrol havzalar
bunalmlarn en youn olarak az gelimi bulunmu olsa da petroln, lke ekonomisinde
lkelerde yaandn ne srd. yakn gelecekte oynayaca rol ok nemli
olmayacaktr
C) Dr Fawcettin son makalesinde de belirttii gibi,
az gelimi lkeler ekonomik durgunluktan en C) Son yllarda Msrda, lke ekonomisinde yakn
ok etkilenenlerin banda geliyor. gelecekte nemli rol oynamas muhtemel olan
pek ok petrol havzas kefedilmitir.
D) Ekonomik bunalm nedeniyle ekonomileri
sarslan az gelimi lkeler Dr Fawcettin son D) Son yllarda Msrda kefedilen petrol
makalesine konu oldular. yataklarnn, lke ekonomisinde yakn
gelecekte nemli bir rol oynamas ihtimal
E) Son makalesinde Dr Fawcettin aklad gibi, dndadr
ekonomik durgunluktan en kt biimde
etkilenenler, az gelimi lkelerdir. E) Msrda, lke ekonomisinde yakn gelecekte
nemli bir rol oynamas muhtemel olmayan
petrol yataklar son yllarda ortaya karlmtr
44. It is clear from the passage that microchips
placed in drugs ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) prompts a high-level voltage when merged with

digestive juices
Digestible microchips embedded in drugs maysoon
tell doctors whether a patient is taking their B) have produced prolific results on people with
medications as prescribed.These sensors are the first drug resistant diabetes
ingestible devices approved by the US Food and
DrugAdministration (FDA). To some, they signify the C) need to be taken with juicy substances to be
beginning of an era in digitalmedicine. The sand effective
particle sized sensor consists of a minute silicon
D) have been tested exclusively in European
chipcontaining trace amounts of magnesium and countries
copper. When swallowed, it generatesa slight voltage
in response to digestive juices, which conveys a E) aim to inform the health care provider about
signal to thesurface of a persons skin where a patch the patients use of their medication
then relays the information to amobile phone
belonging to a health care provider. Currently, the 45. According to the passage, microchips could
FDA and theanalogous regulatory agency in Europe be beneficial to people ----..
have only approved the device based onstudies
showing its safety and efficacy when implanted in
A) who are particularly resistant to magnesium
placebo pills. Butscientists hope to have the device
approved within other drugs in the nearfuture. B) facing permanent health problems
Medicines that must be taken for years, such as those
fordrug-resistant diabetes, and for the elderly with C) coming from all age groups
chronic diseases, are topcandidates. Proponents of
digital medical devices predict they will D) who cannot benefit from placebo pills
providealternatives to blood tests, MRIs and CAT E) who have problems with the surface of their
scans. Other gadgets in the pipelineinclude skin
implantable devices that wirelessly inject drug at pre-
specified timesand sensors that deliver a persons
46. It can be inferred from the passage that
electrocardiogram to their smartphone.
digital medicine ----..
A) will probably not need the advantages of

43. It can be understood from the passage that wireless technology to implement further
microchips ----.. changes
B) may not be as beneficial as they are thought

A) are composed of sand-particle sized copper
since the devices are still in the trial period
B) directly send a signal to the patients mobile
C) will be prevalent in the US before it is tested
phone
safely in Europe
C) should sometimes be separated from the drug
D) will enable medical professionals to carry out
to increase its efficacy
certain screening methods without being
D) are almost invisible to the naked eye physically present with their patients
E) were initially designed to observe the digestive E) may not help patients with their digestive
system of patients problems, even with the pre-arranged guidance
of health care providers
48. According to the passage, although the
practice of imperialism may be varied, ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) native peoples in the European colonies were

always in favour of formal imperialism
The term 'imperialism' means the process of
extending one nations control over another; it is a B) it was formal imperialism in the past which
process that takes many forms. Historians distinguish most suited the Europeans for their trade
between 'formal imperialism' and 'informal overseas
imperialism.' Formal imperialism is colonialism, and it
was exercised by the Europeans in the past mainly by C) the European nations followed a common
strategy in the past in order to set up colonies
direct rule: the colonizing nations annexed territories
in other parts of the world
outright and established their own governments to
subjugate and administer the peoples of these D) for historians, it is mainly divided into formal
territories. Sometimes formal imperialism was and informal imperialism
exercised through indirect rule: the conquering
nations reached agreements with native leaders and E) in the 18th and 19th centuries the European
governed them. There was no single practice of nations gave up formal imperialism because of
native resistance
colonial management, and resistance from the
natives forced colonial powers to shift strategies
frequently. As for 'informal imperialism, it refers to a 49. As one understands from the passage, in
more subtle and less visible exercise of power, in informal imperialism, ----..
which the stronger nation allows the weaker one to
maintain its independence while reducing its A) the colonizing nations sign treaties with native
sovereignty. For the Europeans in the past, informal governments to help them solve economic
imperialism took the form of carving out zones of problems
European sovereignty and privilege, such as treaty
ports, within other countries. Essentially it meant B) the independence of the weaker nation is
using European economic, political, and cultural respected by the colonizing nation
power to get advantageous treaties or terms of C) the sovereignty of the colonized nation is
trade.Informal imperialism was not only common, it totally disregarded by the colonizing power
played an even more fundamental role in shaping
global power relations in the 18th and 19th centuries. D) the management of the ports in a country is
undertaken by economically stronger nations
E) native governments are granted certain

47. It is asserted in the passage that, in the past, privileges and political powers by stronger
informal imperialism ----..
50. It is clear that the passage ----..
A) enabled the Europeans to conquer the lands of
other peoples and face no resistance
A) gives an account of the historical reasons why
B) was preferred by the natives who were formal imperialism in the past was more widely
involved in free trade with the European practised than informal imperialism
nations
B) is a detailed account of how the Europeans
C) was far more effective than formal imperialism colonized other peoples in the 18th and 19th
in the development of power relations in the centuries
world
C) is mainly concerned with the process of
D) was commonly practised by the Europeans resistance that colonial peoples put up against
because it allowed them to make use of various the European nations
strategies
D) is a full description of the economic and
E) provided the European nations with an cultural privileges which, in the past, the
economic power which enabled them to rule Europeans got from native governments
the rest of the world
E) theoretically explains imperialism and refers to
the European practice of it in the past
53. According to the text, Hume ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) was against the ideas on which the classical
economics of the 18th century was based
Scottish philosopher and historian David Hume B) misunderstood the principles that his friend
emerged as an economist also with the publication of Adam Smith believed in
his Political Discourses. The famous Adam Smith was
a friend of his and may have been influenced by C) was not the only one who excelled at
Hume: they had similar principles, and both were very illustrating and supporting his principles from
good at illustrating and supporting these from history. the past
Although Hume did not formulate a complete system
D) argued that money in circulation had to be
of economic theory, as did Smith in his Wealth of barely related to the amount of goods in the
Nations, he introduced several of the new ideas market
around which the 'classical economics' of the 18th
century was built. His economic philosophy can be E) stated that civilization required advances in
understood from his main arguments: that wealth both agricultural and industrial production
consists not of money but of commodities; that the
amount of money in circulation should be kept related 54. Humes belief was that poverty was mainly
to the amount of goods in the market; and that poor caused by ----..
nations impoverish the rest because they do not
produce enough to be able to take much part in
A) the amount of money in circulation
trade. Beyond this, he urged society to welcome the
shift from an agricultural to an industrial economy, B) the scarcity of produced goods
without which civilization could not be achieved.
C) the abuse of poor nations by rich ones
D) the lack of a complete economic theory

51. According to Hume, ----..
E) Adam Smiths poor grasp of economics
A) rich nations should produce more to be able to

feed their citizens
B) rich nations should provide financial help to

poorer nations
C) poor nations have a negative effect on richer

nations
D) poverty can be overcome by increasing the

production capacity of rich nations
E) poor nations can take part in international

trade only when rich nations are impoverished
52. According to the text, Adam Smith ----..
A) was very much under the influence of Hume
B) formulated a complete system of economic

theory
C) had ideas that conflicted with Humes
D) was uncertain about Humes principles
E) had a great effect on Hume

57. According to the passage, the bioethanol
from seaweed ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) is convenient enough to be used alone to fuel

cars
Forget drilling into the ocean floor to tap into ever-
decreasing supplies of oil, because there could soon B) causes great amounts of pollution when
be a new fuel source beneath the waves seaweed. A combined with petrol
technique has been developed to convert sugars in
seaweed into a fuel that can be used to power cars. C) can be used with little or no change in car
Biofuels are currently produced from crops such as engines
corn and sugar cane, but these sources are also in
D) needs to be blended with other biofuels to
demand for use as food, and their production requires increase its efficiency
large amounts of land, fresh water and fertiliser.
Seaweed requires none of these and has the E) requires using red and green species together
advantage of not containing lignin, a strong strand of
sugars that stiffens plant stalks but is difficult to turn 58. One can understand from the passage that -
into biofuel. Researchers at Bio Architecture Lab in ---..
California have been able to produce bioethanol from
kombu, an edible brown seaweed. Bioethanol can be
blended with petrol and used in engines with little or A) much more seaweed needs to be produced to
provide enough fuel
no modification. Brown seaweed has high sugar
content and also grows more quickly than the red or B) Bio Architecture Lab may suspend its plans for
green species. The only potential stumbling block is using seaweed for biofuel
growing enough of the stuff. Several thousand tonnes
are farmed annually for food, but if it is going to be C) farmers currently producing seaweed will be
used widely as a fuel, billions of tonnes would be paid to produce more
required. But Bio Architecture Lab is still forging
D) researchers need three to four years before
ahead, launching a seaweed biofuel pilot project in they can obtain biofuel from seaweed
2013. It hopes to commercialize seaweed-sourced
fuels within three to four years. E) growing red or green seaweed rather than the
brown species proves to be more beneficial
55. According to the passage, producing fuel

from seaweed ----..
A) can interrupt drilling for oil under the ocean, as

most types of seaweed grow on the surface
B) is a longer process when compared to

producing fuel from other crops
C) can be more expensive than producing fuel

from crops such as sugar cane
D) is a great resource in view of producing fuel

from other sources
E) remains the only way in which sugars are used

as crops for fuel

seaweed ----..
A) cannot be used alone as a food resource
B) does not call for resources such as fresh water

and land
C) does not grow quickly in comparison to other

crops
D) is not utilized for commercial purposes
E) does not retain a great amount of sugar

61. The writer feels that present day robots ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) provide researchers with perspectives into
potential social issues
Across the technologically developed world,scientists B) understand peoples feelings as well as
are building progressively more human-like machines. technological needs
'Social robots'are now entering human culture, most
frequently as entertainers for the veryyoung and as C) can actually think like real children or very old
caretakers for the very old. In Japan, consumers buy people
'therapeuticrobots' like the humanoid Wakamaru,
D) can replace people in many important areas at
which is designed to provide companionshipfor the
work
elderly and disabled, and is capable of basic social
interactions withits owners. In the US, recent holiday E) are no more than mere toys that are designed
seasons have seen parents fighting to buyrobotic toys by enthusiastic scientists
for their children to 'nurture' and play with. It is this
drive tobuild robots that appear to understand us and 62. It can be understood from the passage that -
engage with us and perhaps oneday think like us ---..
that is providing scientists with some unsettling and
uniqueinsights. And it is driving the emerging field of
roboethics, which asksquestions about how these A) it is the disabled that can benefit the most from
robots
machines affect us and how best to integrate
theminto our culture. B) people have a need to build machines that they
can interact with
C) the US is leading the development of robotics

59. It is pointed out in the passage that social technology
robots ----..
D) the field of roboethics led to the creation of
social robots
A) are providing effective childcare for parents
who work E) robots full integration into human society will
never be possible
B) have caused social disturbances in the
countries where they are used
C) are definitely unsuitable for both children and 63. - 67.sorularda, karlkl konumann
the elderly bo braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek
ifadeyi bulunuz.
D) are a concept that might become a reality in
the near future
E) are already providing a useful service in some 63. Frank : To learn a little bit about how to cope
countries with physical allergies, Ive done some
reading.
60. The passage tries to ----.. Celia : Tell me in simple terms what you have
learned.
Frank : ----
A) provide a guide for dealing with the social Celia : Sounds very sensible, doesnt it?.
problems caused by robots
B) warn the reader of the dangers involved in A) Surely you are aware that photosensitivity,
creating human-like machines which is an allergy, may also result from
concurrent use of certain drugs or substances
C) raise the readers awareness of our evolving applied to the skin.
relationship with social machines
B) My suggestion is that people who are very
D) persuade readers to buy more electronic toys sensitive to sunlight should use sunscreens and
and games minimize sun exposure.
E) encourage the reader to do more research on C) As far as I am concerned, itching, asthma, or

how robots could help society nasal stuffiness are among the most common
symptoms of physical allergy.
D) The common point everyone agrees on is that

the best way to deal with any physical allergy is
to prevent it by avoiding whatever tends to
cause it.
E) As everybody knows, a physical allergy is a

condition in which allergic symptoms develop
in response to a physical stimulus.
64. Bill:- What are the consequences of a debt 67. Mary : What I look for in an airline company
crisis? is a punctual take-off and a punctual landing.
June : ----
Jack:- Either inflation or deflation. Mary : And why not?
June : Think about it! Something as common
Bill:- ---- as bad weather can lead to delays. Would you
care to take off in a hurricane?.
Jack:- Well, it depends on the governments
economic priorities..
A) What I look for is flight safety.
A) The crisis can be avoided right from the start. B) But face it; thats not always possible.
B) I think inflation is worse than deflation. C) For long flights they now provide beds in
business class.
C) I hope neither of them will happen.
D) However hard they try to please the
D) What measures can be taken against them? passengers, I get bored!
E) How do you make your investments? E) You are hard to please, arent you?
65. Sue : The latest scientific findings suggest

that a huge comet hit North America about
13, 000 years ago. en yakn cmleyi bulunuz.
Paul: Isn't that around the time when

mammoths became extinct?
68. Nothing exercises the British Press so much
Sue :---- as an apparent threat to the welfare of the
British Press..
Paul:Sounds like a good explanation to me..
A) The well-being of the British Press is apparent
A) That\'s right. North America was full of in the way it shows a united front in the face of
mammoths at that time. attack.
B) Yes, that probably explains why they no longer B) It is only when the British Press is being
exist. The impact must have killed them all. criticised that it really shows its mettle.
C) Yes, so all the mammoths had to leave their C) The one time when the British Press really
natural habitat and move to South America. wakes up and acts is when it feels its own well-
being is endangered.
D) No, I think they died out much later than what
people think. D) The British Press has had much practice in
upholding its own interests in the face of
E) Exactly, so it seems that they have finally come opposition.
up with a reasonable theory.
E) Should its own freedom be threatened, the
British Press would unite to withstand attack.
66. Cheryl : Did Michelle tell you what happened
to her on her vacation in Thailand?
Mike : ----
Cheryl : Yes, thats it. Shed booked a hotel
room online, and when she arrived the hotel
was full. She had to spend four hours in the
rain trying to find another place to stay..
A) When did she return from her trip?
B) She told me all about it.
C) No; what happened?
D) Thailand? I thought she went to Indonesia for

her vacation.
E) Wasnt it something to do with her hotel

reservation?
69. Some scientists think that a meteor impact, 71. I suppose no scheme is fool-proof; even the
that occurred around 65 million years ago, best ones sometimes miscarry..
may have caused the extinction of the
dinosaurs..
A) If a plan is not going to fall through it has to be
quite fool-proof.
A) In the opinion of some scientists, the extinction
of the dinosaurs could have been the result of B) There is presumably no such a thing as a
the impact of a meteor which occurred roughly perfect plan; they can all fall through.
65 million years ago.
C) The only schemes that dont miscarry are
B) According to some scientists, the extinction of apparently the really fool-proof ones.
the dinosaurs was caused by a meteor that
struck Earth 657 million or so years ago D) Schemes that seem to be fool-proof quite often
are not.
C) Some scientists reckon that the impact of a
meteor that struck Earth some 65 million years E) There was a breakdown in proceedings so
ago need not have caused the extinction of the things went contrary to plan.
dinosaurs
D) These scientists agree that the impact of a 72. - 75.sorularda, bo braklan yere,
meteor over 65 million years ago must have parada anlam btnln salamak iin
caused the extinction of the dinosaurs. getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz.
E) The extinction of the dinosaurs could only have

been caused by a meteor impact that occurred
some 65 million years ago. 72. Logistics as a business concept began to gain
ground in the 1950s, particularly in the US.
70. The theory of natural selection made the idea This was because, as businesses expanded
of organic evolution acceptable to the and reached out both to far-flung markets
majority of the scientific world.. and sources of materials, the need for expert
logisticians became imperative. Logisticians
applied their own ingenuity to create
A) The world's scientists accepted the idea of companies that aimed to deliver the right
organic evolution more readily than the item in the right quantity at the right time in
concept of natural selection the right place for the right price. ----.
Indeed, with increasing globalization and
B) Without the theory of natural selection to ever longer and more complex supply chains,
support it, no scientist would ever have logistics companies have become ever more
approved the theory of organic evolution sophisticated and adaptable..
C) In the eyes of the scientific world, the theory of
natural selection and the idea of organic A) The US has led the way in the development of
evolution are inseparable concepts efficient logistical systems
D) It was only after the introduction of the theory B) No region in the world requires efficient
of natural selection that scientists paid logistics more urgently than Africa does
attention to the idea of organic evolution.
C) Logistics is considered one of the most
E) On the whole, the scientific world approved the important aspects of military campaigns
concept of organic evolution once the theory of
natural selection had been postulated. D) The problems of the logistics industry have not
been clearly identified yet
E) These aims have not changed, but the world

has
73. ----. What he really seeks, however, are the 75. Despite numerous intellectual and literary
most meaningful ones, and these vary from advances, the longest-lived achievements of
one context to another. His words may be the Italian Renaissance were made in the
grandiose or humble, fanciful or matter of realm of art. Of all the arts, painting was
fact, romantic or realistic, archaic or modern, undoubtedly supreme. Although Giotto was
technical or everyday, monosyllabic or the great artistic genius around 1300, it was
polysyllabic.. not until the fifteenth century that Italian
painting began to come fully of age. ----.
Fifteenth-century artists also experimented
A) It is not unusual for a poet also to be a with effects of light and shade and, for the
musician first time, carefully studied the anatomy and
proportions of the human body..
B) A poet creates new experiences for the reader
in which the reader can participate
A) From about 1450 until about 1600 Italian
C) A frequent misconception of poetic language is thought was dominated by a school of Neo-
that the poet seeks always the most beautiful Platonists, who sought to blend Platonism with
or noble-sounding words Christianity
D) In the poem Winter Shakespeare is B) One reason for this was that, in the early
attempting to communicate the quality of fifteenth century, the laws of linear perspective
winter life around a sixteenth century English were discovered and first employed to give the
country house fullest sense of three dimensions
E) Language has many levels and varieties, and C) Sixteenth-century Italian writers, such as
poets may choose from them all Machiavelli, Ariosto, Tasso, and Sannazaro,
were also highly accomplished creators of
74. The development of genetic engineering has imaginative prose and verse
stemmed from the discovery of DNA in the
D) Perhaps the greatest of the Florentine artists
1950s. By the 1990s, several laboratories in
was Leonardo da Vinci, one of the most
the West were engaged in the most
versatile geniuses who ever lived
ambitious medical research ever attempted:
the mapping of the human genome, that is,
E) Most Venetian painters showed little of the
the entire architecture of chromosomes and
Florentine schools concerns with philosophical
genes contained in basic human DNA. ---- For
and psychological issues
instance, infertile couples could now conceive
through out-of-body medical procedures..
A) As a new form of knowledge in an age of global okunduunda parann anlam btnln
interconnection, genetic engineering has forced bozan cmleyi bulunuz.
many nations to make changes in their laws
and regulations concerning medical practices.
B) In Africa, Latin America, and elsewhere, 76. (I) Dyslexia is a reading disorder that persists
political chaos, imbalances of trade, and the despite good schooling and normal or even
practices of some pharmaceutical companies above-average intelligence. (II) The more
have often resulted in shortages of medicine. severely dyslexic Chinese do encounter
trouble comprehending and writing
C) As AIDS became a global health crisis in the characters. (III) The exact nature of the
1980s, international organizations recognized disease has puzzled doctors, teachers,
the need for an early, swift, and comprehensive parents and dyslexics themselves since it
response to future outbreaks of disease. was first described more than a century ago.
(IV) Evidence suggests that there is a flaw in
D) Through this process and alongside it, genetic
the neurological wiring of dyslexics that
engineers developed methods to alter the
makes reading extremely difficult for them.
biology of living things, including humans.
(V) Studies suggest that the right kinds of
E) Moreover, genetically engineered human instruction provided early enough could
growth hormone is required by some children rewire the brain so that the neurological flaw
to overcome growth deficiencies. disappears entirely..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
77. (I) The declaration of Human Rights gives 80. (I) The global climate is changing as it always
great emphasis to education. (II) After all, has; species will go extinct as they always
the declaration shows how near the world is have; other species will prosper. (II) Humans
to being ideal. (III) This is natural as may be influencing the change, but they
advances in the cause of freedom and of didnt create the change. (III) Global warming
social rights depend very largely is as dynamic as many other earthly
on education. (IV) Indeed, educators must processes. (IV) Of course it is important
accept a major share of the responsibility for to monitor which changes are being
shaping a society's attitudes towards Human influenced by humans, but it must be
Rights. (V) If they do not do so, the document remembered that change is natural, and
will remain ineffective.. Earth will continue to change no matter what
humans may or may not do. (V) Humans as
a species must accept this, and figure out
A) I how best to adapt to the change, not how to
control it..
B) II
C) III A) I
D) IV B) II
E) V C) III
D) IV
78. (I) Banking services in Hungary are expected
to improve dramatically this year. (II) The
E) V
installation of a computerised interbank
settlement system will greatly aid this. (III)
Typical banking transactions on the new
network will take less than two minutes. (IV)
Consequently no scheme for keeping down
inflation has been forthcoming. (V) Further
the capacity of the services will increase
threefold..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
79. (I) The film industry is going through bad

times. (II) This is partly because studio heads
are out-of-touch with their audiences. (III)
Television offers no serious competition
against the film industry. (IV) It seems that
they dont appreciate that adult audiences
want movies they can talk about. (V) The
audiences also want to be taken to places
theyve never been to..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 C 41 A
2 C 42 A
3 C 43 D
4 B 44 E
5 D 45 B
6 E 46 D
7 D 47 C
8 B 48 D
9 D 49 B
10 A 50 E
11 D 51 C
12 D 52 B
13 D 53 C
14 E 54 B
15 B 55 D
16 E 56 B
17 D 57 C
18 B 58 A
19 A 59 E
20 C 60 C
21 E 61 A
22 A 62 B
23 B 63 D
24 C 64 D
25 D 65 B
26 E 66 E
27 A 67 B
28 D 68 C
29 C 69 A
30 B 70 E
31 E 71 B
32 D 72 E
33 D 73 C
34 A 74 D
35 B 75 B
36 E 76 B
37 A 77 B
38 A 78 D
39 E 79 C
40 E 80 C
7
5. The BBC reported that the Wimbledon tennis
tournament might be ---- due to the SARS
yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi outbreak in Japan..
bulunuz.
A) depended on
1. A fair proportion of the workforce now work B) spread out

from their homes, a ---- that has been made
possible by computers.. C) put out
D) resorted to
A) disturbance
E) called off
B) destination
6. The 'intelligence' of any living being ---- its
C) circumstance
needs to survive in the environment it lives
D) support in..
E) denial
A) builds up
2. For the past 40 years, the ---- view about the B) depends on
formation of our universe has been that it
began about 14 billion years ago in a cosmic C) cares for
fireball known as the 'Big Bang.'.
D) puts forward
A) complete E) slows down
B) common 7. When Germany ---- Yugoslavia 1941, Bosnia

and Herzegovina ---- part of the Nazi-
C) profound
controlled Croatia..
D) bearable
A) has invaded / had been made
E) vulnerable
B) had invaded / would have been made
3. America's subsidies to its cotton farmers
have long been a noteworthy example of the C) invaded / were made
harm that rich countries' subsidies ---- on the
D) invades / have been made
poor..
E) was to invade / could have been made
A) enforce
8. Over the past eight years, the TES instrument
B) provide ---- that Martian rocks and sands ---- almost
entirely of volcanic minerals. .
C) exceed
D) Inflict A) would discover / had been composed

E) employ B) has discovered / are composed
4. Losing a loved one is always painful, but for C) would discover / were composed
most people time ---- heals the wounds..
D) had discovered / had been composed
A) densely E) was discovering / would be composed
B) excessively
C) eventually
D) casually
E) cautiously
9. ---- philosophers had started to put received 14. Swine flu is diagnosed clinically by means of
wisdom to the test of rational examination, the typical symptoms and the patients
another fundamental question rapidly history ---- association ---- people known to
became obvious: How can we know?. have the disease..
A) Once A) for / around
B) Only if B) from / of
C) Unless C) through / by
D) In case D) on / in
E) While E) of / with
10. ---- I meet John, he complains about the 15. On entering a traditional Japanese home, you
neighbours.. should take ---- your slippers and leave them
---- the door..
A) Whenever
A) away / before
B) Whatever
B) out / at
C) Whereas
C) up / through
D) Whichever
D) over / by
E) While
E) off / in front of
11. ---- the news is out about tomatoes being
found for their cancer-fighting properties, the 16. Wheeled carts facilitated agriculture and
question is how to get sufficient amounts commerce by enabling the transportation of
every day.. goods to and from markets, ---- easing the
burdens of people traveling great distances..
A) Much as
A) despite
B) While
B) as well as
C) Now that
C) pertaining to
D) Just as
D) in order to
E) Even if
E) in excess of
12. Had the disease been diagnosed within the
first year of Taylor's life, she ---- an
opportunity to live a normal life..
A) would have had
B) will have had
C) may have had
D) was having
E) may have
13. He was delighted to learn that ---- people

really do appreciate his music..
A) any
B) little
C) a little
D) a few
E) much
21. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) those
B) what
The health risks of artificial feeding of infants inthe C) whose

industrialized world are now (I)----. Breast-fed infants
receive protection (II) ---- many illnesses including D) which
gastroenteritis, respiratoryinfections, and otitis
E) them
media, and have a lower risk of a topic disease and
insulin-dependentdiabetes in childhood, (III) -
---women who breast-feed may have less risk of some
cancers and hip fractures inlater life. In addition to
the health benefits, there are also significant
costimplications. The United States Department of
Agriculture has estimated that aminimum of $3.6
billion per year (IV)---- if breast-feeding rates were
increased from current levels to (V) ---- recommended
by the UnitedStates Surgeon General.
17. I.
A) well-connected
B) well-preserved
C) well-established
D) well-built
E) well-kept
18. II.
A) about
B) towards
C) to
D) against
E) for
19. III.
A) as if
B) since
C) while
D) as though
E) even if
20. IV.
A) could save
B) were to be saved
C) should save
D) would be saved
E) has been saved

26. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) in comparison with
B) instead of
Dogs are thought to be easier to train than cats, C) despite

butthis may be because they evolved to hunt in
packs, cooperate with other dogsand be obedient (I) - D) rather than
--- a leader.Their memory requires constant
E) thanks to
reinforcement, (II) ---- they quickly forget.
Nonetheless, they are often (III) ---- simply by giving
them theattention they need. On the contrary, cats 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
evolved to hunt solo and are muchmore devious. In ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
some cases, they (IV)---- but do not have the dogs
desire to please. There is some evidencethat cats
remember specific events longer than dogs do, but
(V) ---- their excellent memory forpeople and spaces, 27. If an industry is made up of perhaps 10 or 20
both species are able to build complex mental maps firms which agree to restrict competition
of theirsurroundings and find their way home. between themselves, ----..
A) such trade practices have been a common

feature of the business world
22. I.
B) many of these practices have been declared
A) to illegal
B) by C) then we have a monopoly situation
C) with D) in most countries they are now subject to legal

control
D) about
E) it might be interesting to look at some of the
E) over practices followed in the West
23. II. 28. After Muhammed Ali had won a gold medal
in the Olympics, ----..
A) so
A) he turned professional
B) but
B) the newspapers are not aware of it
C) instead
C) there will be other fights in Europe
D) otherwise
D) he'd claim to be the best in the world
E) hence
E) he is still well-know
24. III.
29. Though frustration is a patent factor in
eliciting aggressive behaviour, ----..
A) substituted
B) perplexed A) these implications could never be satisfactorily

discarded
C) rewarded
B) the intensity of the reaction would have been
D) concealed accurately predicted
E) implemented C) both the availability and influence of

aggressive models had been taken into
consideration
25. IV.
D) some children do not react aggressively to
A) used to be trained blocking and deprivation
B) can be trained E) the intention has always been to cause injury

to others
C) might have been trained
D) must be trained
E) should have been trained

30. ---- until she had finished growing.. 34. ----, there is rarely one simple cause..
A) Nobody knows the cause A) Though the results of the incident were
devastating
B) Clearly an operation won\'t be necessary
B) However closely the boy kept his secret
C) It might be unwise to delay the operation
C) Since so many children witness violence within
D) A diagnosis of developmental dysplasia was their own family
made
D) When biological factors were also involved
E) They decided not to operate
E) When young people manifest serious emotional
problems
31. ---- that active people need more protein than
do sedentary people..
35. Opposition politicians in Bangladesh say
that the country's natural gas should not be
A) They ignored the essential aim of the project sold abroad ----..
B) The evidence we have gathered through our
research suggests A) whether it would provide a respite from the
country\'s pressing economic problems
C) Long-distance runners are exceptional
B) due to the fact that there is an enormous
D) The reference is to athletes in training quantity of recoverable reserves
E) Activities of all kinds are encouraged C) since the entire economy will be transformed
benefiting everyone
32. ----, it is also a leader in many
D) just as decisions about the best way to expect
other manufacturing and processing lines,
this potential wealth had become entangled
including prepared cereals, machine tools,
with politics
hardware and furniture..
E) unless the government can prove that it has 50
A) While Michigan ranks first among the States in years of gas in reserve
the production of motor vehicles and parts
36. Many linguists advise mastering a
B) Because Michigan is rich in natural resources
vocabulary of two or three thousand words in
Chinese ----..
C) Even if Michigan produces important amounts
of iron, copper and other minerals
A) before beginning the difficult task of learning
D) Since Michigan is a prime area for both the language\'s symbols
commercial and sport fishing
B) when we hear words and expressions from a
E) Just as Michigan\'s forests contribute native speaker
significantly to the State\'s economy
C) that one ought to try to write sentences on the
33. ----, it is not surprising that it has a basis of the grammar rules
highly continental climate noted for its
D) so a knowledge of reading and writing may
extremes of temperature..
have been acquired
A) While agriculture remains the biggest single E) unless one had developed an adequate
industry in Hungary conversational ability for simple situations
B) As the fauna of Hungary is no way remarkable
C) However scattered the rural settlements in

Hungary may be
D) As far as the regions of Hungary are concerned
E) Because Hungary is a lowland surrounded by

hills in the middle of central Europe.
39. 1985'te ngiliz aratrmaclar,
Antarktika'nn zerindeki ozon tabakasnn
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke yllardr her bahar hzla azaldn ancak bir
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi sonraki k normale dndn akladlar..
bulunuz.
A) In 1985, British researchers reported that the

ozone layer over the Antarctic had, for years,
37. Ameliyat sonrasnda, hasta ksrd decreased rapidly each spring but had returned
veya gldnde ya da sarglar to normal the following winter.
deitirildiinde artabilen, genellikle aralkl
bir ar vardr.. B) In a report by British researchers that appeared
in 1985, it is pointed out that the ozone layer
over the Antarctic had, on several occasions,
A) Following surgery, there is often intermittent decreased drastically in the spring but returned
pain which may increase when the patient to normal in the following winter
coughs or laughs or when the dressings are
changed. C) British research team reported in 1985 that the
ozone layer over the Antarctic had, over a
B) Intermittent pain often occurs in the post- period of years, decreased to an alarming
operation period, particularly when the patient extent each spring but had returned to normal
laughs or coughs or when the dressings are the following winter.
being changed.
D) British researchers in 1985 established the fact
C) Pain is quite common after surgery, particularly that the ozone layer over the Antarctic had
when the patient laughs or coughs, and when thinned out alarmingly each spring for a
the dressings are being changed. number of years, but returned to normal each
winter.
D) A certain amount of pain is to be expected after
surgery especially when the patient laughs or E) By 1985 British researchers had confirmed the
coughs or when the dressings are changed. fact that the ozone layer over the Antarctic had
decreased suddenly each spring, over several
E) In the post-operation period a certain amount successive years, but returned to normal each
of pain is to be expected when a patient winter.
laughs, coughs or has the dressings changed.
40. Germanys far-right National Democratic
38. Adn Zaire'deki bir nehirden alan Party upset the other parties by winning
'ebola' ldrc bir hastala neden olan nearly 10 per cent of the votes in the
uzam tek bkml bir RNA virsdr.. economically depressed state of Saxony last
year. .
A) Ebola is the name given to an elongated single-
stranded RNA virus which abounds in a river of A) Almanyann ar sa Ulusal Demokratik Partisi,
the same name in Zaire and causes a fatal geen yl, ekonomik olarak geri kalm
disease. Saksonya eyaletinde, oylarn hemen hemen
yzde onunu kazanarak dier partilerin cann
B) The word ebola comes from a river in Zaire and skt.
refers to an elongated, single-stranded RNA
virus that causes a fatal disease. B) Geen yl, daha byk ekonomik skntlar
iinde olan Saksonya eyaletinde, oylarn yzde
C) Ebola is a fatal disease caused by an onunu alan ar sa Ulusal Demokratik Partisi,
elongated, single-stranded RNA virus Almanyadaki dier partileri telalandrmtr.
associated with a river in Zaire of that name.
C) Almanyann ar sa Ulusal Demokratik Partisi,
D) An elongated, single-stranded RNA virus is the geen yl, ekonomik skntlar iinde olan
cause of the fatal disease known as ebola Saksonya eyaletinde oylarn aa yukar yzde
which is also the name of a river in Zaire. onunu kazanm ve dier partilerin ounu
skntya sokmutur.
E) Named after a river in Zaire, ebola is an
elongated, single-stranded RNA virus that D) Almanyadaki dier partilerin cann skan ar
causes a fatal disease. sa Ulusal Demokratik Partisi, geen yl,
ekonomik durgunluk iinde olan Saksonya
eyaletindeki oylarn yzde onunu kazanmtr.
E) Almanyann ar sa Ulusal Demokratik Partisi,

geen yl, ekonomik sknt iindeki Saksonya
eyaletindeki oylarn yzde onunu alnca, dier
partiler telaa kaplmtr.
41. Health information on product packages must 42. Overrun by the Austro-German armies in
emphasize the importance of the total diet World War I, Poland declared its
and not exaggerate the role of a particular independence on November 11, 1918, and on
food in disease prevention.. June 20, 1919, was recognized as an
independent state by the Treaty of
Versailles..
A) rn paketlerinin zerindeki salk bilgileri
diyetin tmnn nemini yeterince
vurgulamyor ve genellikle, belirgin bir gdann A) I. Dnya Savanda Avusturya-Alman ordular
hastalk nleyici ilevi abartlyor. tarafndan igal edilmi olan Polonya,
bamszln 11 Kasm 1918de iln etmi olsa
B) rn paketlerinin zerindeki salk bilgileri ne da bamsz bir devlet olarak tannmas, 20
diyetin tmnn nemini kmsemeli ne de Haziran 1919da imzalanan Versailles
bir gdann hastalk nlemedeki roln Antlamasyla gereklemitir.
abartmaldr.
B) Avusturya-Alman ordularnca I. Dnya
C) rn paketlerinin zerindeki salk bilgileri Savanda igal edilmi olan Polonya, 11 Kasm
diyetin tmnn nemini vurgulamal ve belirli 1918de bamszln iln etmitir; ancak bir
bir gdann hastalk nlemedeki roln devlet olarak bamszl Versailles
abartmamaldr. Antlamasyla 20 Haziran 1919da
kesinlemitir
D) Belirli bir gdann hastalk nlemedeki rol
abartlmamaldr ve rn paketlerinin zerinde C) Polonya, I. Dnya Savanda Avusturya-Alman
diyetin salk asndan bir btn olarak nemli ordularnn igaline urasa da 11 Kasm
olduu vurgulanmaldr. 1918de bamszln iln etmi ve bir devlet
olarak bamszl, 20 Haziran 1919da
E) rn paketlerinin zerindeki hastalk nleme Versailles Antlamasyla kesinlemitir.
konusundaki bilgiler diyetin tmnn nemini
gz ard etmemeli ve o rnn salk asndan D) I. Dnya Sava srasnda Avusturya-Alman
nemini abartmamaldr. ordularnn igaline urayan Polonya, Versailles
Antlamasna gre, bamszln 11 Kasm
1918de iln etmi ve 20 Haziran 1919da da
bamsz bir devlet olarak tannmtr.
E) Avusturya-Alman ordularnca I. Dnya

Savanda igal edilmi olan Polonya, 11 Kasm
1918de bamszln iln etmi ve Versailles
Antlamasyla 20 Haziran 1919da bamsz bir
devlet olarak tannmtr
cevaplaynz.
A) sufferers of Alzheimers disease have only a
few mental symptoms
Alzheimers disease is a chronic, degenerative B) some household chores remain unaffected
condition of the brain cells. Some risk factors can be even if Alzheimers disease progresses
avoided, but others, such as increasing age and
genetic properties, are inevitable. It is now the third C) people can cope with some of the early
most common cause of death in the developed world, symptoms of Alzheimers disease with the help
with more women than men affected. The first of others
symptom is often an impaired memory for recent
D) people can usually control the physical
events, which can be difficult to distinguish from the drawbacks of Alzheimers disease
normal age-related decline in memory. As the disease
progresses, forgetfulness may hinder routine E) symptoms of Alzheimers disease can be best
activities such as cooking and household chores. handled by means of psychiatric assistance
Those affected may be aware of their memory
difficulties, so they can deal with the problem by, for 45. It can be inferred from the passage that ----..
example, writing notes or letting someone else
manage decisions for them. In the late stages of the
disease, the changes in memory and behaviour are A) age is the most critical factor in all stages of
Alzheimers disease
marked. Sufferers cannot compensate for their
memory lapses and become confused. They may B) Alzheimers disease can be frustrating and
develop paranoid behaviour like jealousy or painful for both the patient and his or her
accusations of theft, and may experience visual family members
hallucinations. eople in advanced stages cease to
recognize even their family members and close C) Alzheimers disease is less common among
friends. They may also refuse to eat, develop individuals who are mentally active
unsteadiness and ncreasingly lose weight. D) people in developed countries are more likely
to go through the advanced stages of
Alzheimers disease
43. It is clearly stated in the passage that ----.. E) sufferers can have a genetic inheritance that
makes them less susceptible to Alzheimers
A) females are more susceptible to developing disease
Alzheimers disease compared to males
46. As it is pointed out in the passage, during the
B) weight loss is among the first indicators of early stages of Alzheimers disease, ----..
Alzheimers disease
C) Alzheimers disease is not deadly to people A) psychological symptoms such as jealousy

living in crowded families might occur
D) Alzheimers disease is more common in B) behavioural differences between men and
countries that are currently developing women become very apparent
E) Alzheimers disease cannot be distinguished C) people will not be able to remember events
from the symptoms of normal aging even in its that happened a long time ago
later stages
D) the symptoms of the disease may be similar to
normal age-related symptoms
E) people are affected physically more than

mentally
48. We can infer from the passage that obese
people in the US ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) want to control the number of calories they are

ingesting in chain restaurants
On July 1, 2009, the US state of California began
enforcing a new menu-labelling law that requires B) are under attack by other Americans
chain restaurants to post on their menus the calories
contained in their food items. Three other states C) eat most of their meals at chain restaurants
Oregon, Maine, and Massachusetts have already
D) have difficulty making mathematical
passed similar regulations, as have 11 city and county
calculations
governments. The trend has gathered strength
quickly, mostly because of concern about the nations E) have their own special representatives in the
expanding waistlines. The next step is to deploy the US Congress
practice nationally, and the Congress is about to
debate such a law. Pressure for this type of move is
49. The passage informs us that menu-labelling
coming from the obese, who represent more than a laws ----..
third of American adults, and their
defenders.Overweight people often struggle to
estimate the number of calories they consume when A) were passed in the other US states after
eating out and make mistakes when calculating how California enforced its version of the law
much food they should order. Proponents of menu B) will all be cancelled when the US Congress
labelling hope that knowing what is in their food may passes a national requirement
direct people to healthier items. In Los Angeles, for
example, officials optimistically predict that menu C) are a sign of the reaction to Americans getting
labelling could prevent nearly 40% of the annual fatter and fatter
weight gain there. However, the effect of menu
D) will result in the disappearance of obese
labelling on dietary choices remains unclear, and the
Americans in the future
regulations are too new to produce much evidence.
Furthermore, some critics of the trend believe the E) forbid fat people to eat too much in chain
public-health benefits of the new legislation are restaurants
irrelevant. For them, the new regulations are welcome
as part of a consumers wide-ranging right to know. 50. The passage points out that the proponents
of menu labelling ----..
47. The passage indicates that the new A) dont really know if it will be successful
menulabelling law in California has the
potential to ----.. B) often have to defend the lifestyle choices of
obese Americans
A) force chain restaurants there to offer less food C) are themselves regular customers of chain
to the public restaurants
B) encourage the habit of overeating in the D) oppose the tendency of Los Angeles residents
population at large to gain weight every year
C) persuade other states to consider passing E) believe much of the new law is irrelevant
similar laws affecting chain restaurants
D) help people become more health-conscious
E) reduce the population in that state by nearly

half
53. We can understand from the passage that
the failure of the tooth paste campaign in
cevaplaynz. Southeast Asia could have been avoided if -
---..
A companys public relations officer is responsible for

A) the public relations officers had considered the
creating and maintaining relationships between importance of a toothpaste
clients and customers. Through areas such as brand
management, advertising, media relations and crisis B) the media had been more influential on people
management, public relations officers seek to foster
interest, trust and belief in the company and C) the company had analyzed the cross-cultural
issues
itsproducts. They are aware of how best to carry this
out when dealing with in their own nations and D) the company had not gone through a crisis
cultures. However, when dealing with a for
eignaudience, it is critical that cross-cultural E) the customers had been more responsible
differences are recognized. By way of illustrating the
impactcross-cultural awareness can have on the 54. From the passage, we learn that ----..
success or failure of a public relations campaign, a
brief examplecan be cited: an American company
tried to sell it's toothpaste in Southeast Asia by A) Asian people never use foreign brand
emphasizing that it' whitens your teeth'. They found toothpastes
out that the localnatives chew betel nuts to blacken B) in some cases, local culture can be far more
their teeth because they found it attractive. effective on marketing
C) the best way to naturally whiten teeth is to

chew betel nuts
51. It is understood from the passage that the
activity of public relations ----.. D) recognizing cultural differences can easily lead
to failure
A) is especially necessary when dealing with local E) public relations campaigns generally prove to
natives be useless
B) is threatened particularly during an economic
crisis
C) has only gained importance in recent years
D) needs face-to-face communication training
E) involves multi-directional activities
52. We can infer from the passage that public

relations officers ----..
A) had better aim at a foreign audience instead of

at a domestic one
B) need to consider the effects of advertising on

brand management
C) knew why Southeast Asian local people were so

strange
D) need to understand fully the cultural

characteristics of their own people as well as of
other peoples
E) are only employed by a few companies

cevaplaynz.
A) Tissint was one of the meteorites that were
actually seen while falling
British scientists have begun studying a rare B) the Natural History Museum took possession of
meteorite to reveal more about the history of Mars. the meteorite as soon as it landed on the Earth
The rock, named Tissint after the Moroccan area
where it crashed in July 2011, was recovered from the C) other meteorites that preceded Tissint were
ground just five months later not enough time to be quite similar to it in size
too contaminated. The Tissint sample is probably the
D) there is some doubt as to where the meteorite
most important meteorite to have landed on the Earth
came from
in the last 100 years, says Dr. Caroline Smith,
curator of meteorites at the Natural History Museum E) the meteorite is one of the 41,000 that
in London. An analysis of the rock revealed its Martian originated from Mars
origin. It would have been removed from Mars when
an asteroid struck the planet, staying in space as 57. According to the passage, scientists ----..
debris before being attracted by the Earths gravity.
Of the 41,000 officially recognized meteorites, 61
come from Mars and the Tissint rock is only the fifth A) believe there may well be fossils in the rock
that was witnessed falling. Dr. Tony Irving of
B) are examining the meteorite to reveal whether
Washington University, who performed some initial microbes could survive in it
analysis on the sample, does not think there is much
chance of finding fossilized life within it. But the C) are investigating the rock to find out whether
British team could reveal whether minerals have been Mars was once able to support life
affected by water or contain elements such as carbon.
Smith says Were not looking for microbes, but were D) claim that Tissint gives clues about the
meteorites expected to hit the Earth
looking for the chemical and environmental
signatures to indicate whether Mars, at some point in E) have unfortunately failed to identify the origin
its past, may have provided a suitable environment of Tissint
for life to exist.
58. For scientists to come up with accurate
findings, a meteorite ----..
55. It is understood from the passage that the
meteorite found in Morocco ----..
A) is to be one of the 41,000 known meteorites
A) was part of a larger meteorite that crashed into B) has to be made sure that it come from a
the Earth specific planet
B) is the first meteorite from Mars to be seen on C) should contain plenty of living organisms
the Earth
D) needs to remain intact for a sufficient amount
C) was recovered after remaining buried for of time
almost 100 years
E) is required to have basic minerals in its internal
D) was too contaminated to be of any real use to structure
scientists
E) is a very rare kind, which can be valuable to

scientists
61. According to the passage, once the
Languedoc canal was finished ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) the scope of civil engineering was re-assessed

The greatest feat of civil engineering since Roman B) better systems of construction were put
times was the French achievement between 1666 and forward
1681 of the Langue doc canal to link the
Mediterranean Sea with the Atlantic Ocean. It was C) problems connected with the locks began to
conceived of by King Francis I and discussed by him emerge
with Leonardo da Vinci. It was first surveyed in
D) plans to build canals in other parts of the world
1539.As a result of the civil and religious disorders in
were soon changed
France, however, nothing happened until 1661 when
Pierre Riquet worked out a scheme for supplying E) the whole world was filled with admiration for it
enough water to the summit of the canal. Jean Colbert
secured the interest of the young King Louis XIV, and
62. The passage makes it obvious that ----..
in 1666 the work started. The whole canal was 150
miles long with 102 locks, a tunnel, and 3 aqueducts.
It evoked world admiration, and was the prototype of A) Louis XlV himself contributed usefully to the
all future European grand canal design seven though design of the canal
its usefulness to France was quickly nullified by the
B) it would not have been possible to have
rapidly increasing size of ocean-going ships. constructed the Languedoc canal in the time of
Leonardo da Vinci
C) the building of the Languedoc canal posed a

59. It can be understood from the passage that - great many challenges
---..
D) the design of the Languedoc canal was not as
A) the construction of the canal was first started original as has often been suggested
by Leonardo da Vinci
E) it was the interest that Leonardo da Vinci
B) the Languedoc canal was, for more than a showed in the project that made possible the
century, no more than a project construction of the Languedoc canal
C) the earliest proposal for the Languedoc canal

dates back to at least Roman times 63. - 67.sorularda, karlkl konumann
D) King Francis I was opposed to Leonardo da ifadeyi bulunuz.
Vincis plans for the Languedoc canal
E) by the time the canal was finished, there was

nothing very remarkable about it 63. James : Have you been to the Dali exhibition?
Rodney : ----
60. It is clear from the passage that ----.. James : Why is that?
Rodney : I dont like being caught up in a
crowd when Im looking at paintings..
A) the upkeep of the canal would be expensive
B) the Languedoc canal would not make those A) I certainly have. And I hope to go again soon.
who build it rich
B) Not yet. I dont go to such exhibitions till
C) as ocean-going ships increased in size, the theyve been going for some time.
usefulness of the Languedoc canal declined
C) I was there at the opening. What about you?
D) the site of the Languedoc canal was ill-chosen
D) Yes. I was surprised at how few large paintings
E) many supported the building of the canal as there were.
there was such a great need for it
E) Of course. And it was quite an experience
64. Fred : Have you read this article on the 66. Stephen : By the way, what does the term
economies of the Middle Eastern countries? hydrologic cycle mean? Can you explain it?
Mike : No, not yet. Anything interesting in it? Martin : Basicly it means that water cycles
Fred : ---- from the oceans and land to the atmosphere,
Mike : Thats to be expected. After all, Iran is and then back to the oceans, and land. It is a
the second-largest producer of oil in OPEC.. complex cycle, which provides us with a
renewable supply of purified water on land.
Stephen : ----
A) Well, Irans nuclear aims seem to have Martin : Certainly, and also an important one.
increased international tension. As you might expect, forests release
substantial amounts of moisture into the
B) To my surprise, 50% of Irans revenue comes
atmosphere by transpiration, which then falls
from its oil exports.
as precipitation..
C) Clearly, the global economy is suffering heavily
from the current US economic crisis. A) When a forest is burned or cut down, how is the
climate of the region affected?
D) Just one point: every day, the world spends
around $5.5 billion at current price levels on B) Do you think forests influence an areas
crude oil purchases. climate?
E) It seems that China, India, and Japan have C) Do forests play a role in this cycle?
become the primary markets for the Middle
Easts oil and gas. D) How does transpiration by trees influence the
local temperature of forests?
65. John : Good morning, Christine. By the way,
E) What are the factors that determine climate?
have you seen this article on North Korea?
Christine : Ive just come to the office. You
know mornings are always a rush. Tell me 67. Sandra :- I saw a news programme on TV the
what the main argument is. other evening about the long-term negative
John : ---- effects of a global population decline.
Christine : Besides that, there may also be Leslie :- ----
other hidden reasons such as the provision of Sandra :- Thats right. And no easy solutions
nuclear weapons to international terrorist are on offer.
groups.. Leslie :- So it really is a serious problem..
A) Let me tell you this: historically, at the end of A) So did I. It seems that the industrialized
World War II, the Soviet Union occupied the countries especially are being threatened.
northern part of the Korean peninsula, while
the Americans held the south. B) Yes, I did. France seems to be making a quick
recovery.
B) You know that, after the loss in 1991 of Soviet
patronage, the isolated North Korean C) The population in many industrialized nations
government faced a very serious economic has been increasing for decades.
disaster, with verified reports of local starvation
in some regions of the country. D) Of course not. People are having fewer children
these days as the cost of raising and educating
C) It emphasizes that the North Korean them has increased.
government has pursued the development of a
nuclear arsenal not for self-defence, but as a E) Improved medical services have also
bargaining chip against Japan and the United contributed.
States.
D) As you may recall, in June 1950, the communist

North Korean troops attacked across the border
that divided the Korean peninsula and crushed
resistance in the south.
E) Agreed. Yet Japan and the Western states have

always feared that North Korea may be secretly
helping Iran and other rogue states to develop
nuclear weapons.
71. The new health system is likely to prove
unsettling for physicians and patients alike..
A) The new health service has caused

considerable unrest among both doctors and
68. Setting up ones own business requires a patients.
good many factors to be considered..
B) Physicians and patients are disturbed by
reports concerning the new health service.
A) A person has to bear in mind plenty of factors
before starting his work. C) Both physicians and patients will probably find
it hard to adapt to the new medical system.
B) When you set up your own business, you
realise how many factors need attention. D) Patients, unlike doctors, cannot be counted on
to give their support to the new medical
C) One must weigh up lots of factors when system.
running ones own business.
E) The medical service is going through a crisis
D) Launching ones own business means thinking and this affects medical staff and patients
about more factors than in other cases. alike.
E) There are too many factors to consider in

establishing ones own business. 72. - 75.sorularda, bo braklan yere,
parada anlam btnln salamak iin
69. The atmosphere does not come to an end at getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz.
the level where balloons will rise no further..
A) A balloon can not float any higher than the

72. The United States and its allies cannot
level at which the atmosphere stops.
remain in Afghanistan indefinitely. For them,
building a capable Afghan security force and
B) Balloons can rise as far as the point where the
a credible Afghan government is the fastest
atmosphere finishes.
and most responsible exit strategy. ---- On
C) A balloon is stopped from going further by the the other hand, a security force can only be
end of the atmosphere. as good as its government, and the Afghan
government has been crippled by corruption.
D) Beyond the highest point that balloons reach However, national elections scheduled for
there is still atmosphere. this year provide an incentive for the Afghan
government to continue to improve..
E) When a balloon can travel no more, it is
because there isnt enough atmosphere to
carry. A) Afghans greatest concerns are access to
electricity, jobs, water, and education.
70. Those in favour of capital punishment are B) Indeed, more US troops are absolutely
motivated only by desire for revenge.. necessary to defeat the insurgents in
Afghanistan.
A) People who wish to take revenge seek the C) It is a clear fact that Pakistan is connected to
death sentence. the Afghan insurgency.
B) Some people find capital punishment D) The Pakistani army remains primarily focused
acceptable, regarding it as a good way of on the perceived threat from India.
getting revenge.
E) However, US efforts so far to reach a decision
C) The death penalty is the only desirable for a complete withdrawal have been mixed.
punishment for getting ones own back.
D) The sentence of death is many peoples

favourite way of taking revenge.
E) People who support the death penalty do so

solely on the basis of their wanting revenge.
73. The cell theory, one of the fundamental 75. The demand for energy sources that are
unifying concepts of biology, states that all compact, lightweight and powerful has
living organisms are composed of basic units significantly increased in recent years. ----
called cells and of substances produced by This gap is expected to widen in the future as
cells. Although they vary greatly in size and electronic devices need more power to
appearance, all organisms are composed of support enhanced functions. Hydrocarbon
those small building blocks. Some of the fuels have energy densities much greater
simples life forms, such as bacteria, are than the best batteries. Therefore, taking
unicellular: they consist of a single cell. ---- In advantage of the high energy density of
these complex multicellular organisms, life chemical fuels to generate power becomes an
processes depend on the coordinated attractive technological alternative to
functions of the component cells.. batteries..
A) Although plants do not move about in the way A) Scientists are beginning to adopt innovative
we associate with animals, they do move. approaches to convert available energy into
chemical fuels.
B) One of the remarkable aspects of the growth
process is that each part of the organism B) Currently, batteries are the dominant power
continues to function as it grows. sources for portable electronics.
C) Humans and many other organisms begin life C) This generally results from the excessive use of
as a fertilized egg, which then grows and hydrocarbon fuels.
develops specialized structures and body form.
D) Traditional chemical batteries are unable to
D) In contrast, the body of a human or an animal meet the demand for high energy intensity.
or a tree is made of billions of cells.
E) Power systems employing hydrogen or
E) Energy is required to maintain the precise hydrocarbon fuels offer much higher energy
order that characterizes living systems. density.
74. More than 80 renowned German scientists

and artists took refuge in Turkey from the
Nazi persecution in the 1930s and 1940s. ---- okunduunda parann anlam btnln
Among them were the Berlin Opera director bozan cmleyi bulunuz.
Carl Ebert, the composer Paul Hindemith,
philosophers and orientalists such as Ernst
von Aster and Helmut Ritter. Close ties
developed amongst various universities in 76. (I) The neuromuscular disorder known as ALS
the two countries as a result and these strikes 5.000 Americans each year. (II) The
persist today. The German Academic disease involves the progressive death of
Exchange Service awards various motor neurones.(III) Some families are even
scholarships in Turkey. Professors and more susceptible to the other condition. (IV)
students teach and study in both countries.. As the condition advances sufferers lose the
ability to speak, to swallow and finally to
breath. (V) Few of them survive more than
A) Germany had always produced scientists who five years..
were renowned for their pioneering discoveries.
B) These were the worst years for those people A) I

who suffered immensely under the Nazi
regime. B) II
C) They worked in and also helped to develop and C) III

establish Turkish universities.
D) IV
D) Turkey was a country that accepted people
from Germany during the Nazi persecution. E) V
E) Many of them visited Istanbul because of its

rich history.
77. (I) The magnificent Philippine eagle is one of 79. (I) Mother Columbian rainbow boas,
the planets most endangered birds of prey. Epicratescenchria maurus, have the strange
(II) There is no competition for prey from habit of eating some of their own young. (II)
tigers, leopards, bears, or wolves in the Now new research reveals why. (III) Within
Philippine islands, the eagles only home, so two weeks, these mothers regained their lost
it became the top predator in the rain forest. muscle. (IV) Stillborns and undeveloped eggs
(III) However, with deforestation rates in in a clutch, which the mother consumes soon
the Philippines among the highest in the after laying or giving birth, are rich in energy
world, the eagle has been reduced to a and contain a diversity of proteins and
population estimated at several hundred essential nutrients. (V) Therefore, maternal
breeding pairs. (IV) The forest that allowed cannibalism leads to a quick recovery after
them to prosper is almost gone, and if giving birth..
the forest disappears, the eagle will become
extinct. (V) A series of devastating floods and
mud slides in the past decade has convinced A) I
Filipinos that the loss of forest affects not
B) II
just wildlife, but people too..
C) III
A) I
D) IV
B) II
E) V
C) III
80. (I) Like all medicines, sleep medicines have
D) IV
side effects. (II) On the other hand, daytime
drowsiness can be best avoided by taking the
E) V
lowest dose possible. (III) The most common
of these effects are dizziness, light
78. (I) Economics is a social science that makes headedness, and difficulty with coordination.
use of the same methods as such other (IV) Sleep medicines can also make one
sciences as biology, physics and chemistry. sleepy during the day. (V) How drowsy one
(II) Like these other sciences, it makes use of feels depends upon how ones body reacts to
models or theories. (III) Economic models or the medicine..
theories are simplified representations of the
real world. (IV) This is only one reason why
economic theory has changed substantially A) I
over the years. (V) We use them to help us to
B) II
understand explain and predict economic
phenomena in the real world..
C) III
A) I D) IV
B) II E) V
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 C 41 C
2 B 42 E
3 D 43 A
4 C 44 C
5 E 45 B
6 B 46 D
7 C 47 D
8 B 48 A
9 A 49 C
10 A 50 A
11 C 51 E
12 A 52 D
13 D 53 C
14 E 54 B
15 E 55 E
16 B 56 A
17 C 57 C
18 D 58 D
19 C 59 B
20 D 60 C
21 A 61 E
22 A 62 C
23 D 63 B
24 C 64 B
25 B 65 C
26 E 66 C
27 C 67 A
28 A 68 A
29 D 69 D
30 E 70 E
31 B 71 C
32 A 72 E
33 E 73 D
34 E 74 C
35 E 75 D
36 A 76 C
37 A 77 E
38 E 78 D
39 A 79 C
40 A 80 B
8
5. If you have to ---- an unpleasant situation,
you have to accept it or bear it..
bulunuz.
A) take over
B) put over
1. It's worth remembering that his ---- of the
downward trends in output over recent years C) fill out
is not the only one..
D) cope with
A) interpretation E) pull through
B) departure 6. Organizations today are struggling to ---- the

massive amount of data that is generated by
C) compliance
network and security devices..
D) discretion
A) pull through
E) intention
B) make do with
2. Most experts agree that developing a 100%
safe method of contraception is as ---- as C) keep pace with
producing a car design that is guaranteed to
D) come across
have no defects..
E) break out of
A) autonomous
7. Over the last few years, physicians ----
B) useful pharmacogenetic testing to identify
thousands of childhood leukaemia sufferers
C) loyal
whose genes ---- them to a severe reaction to
D) respective certain drugs..
E) unlikely
A) have used / predispose
3. Their Prime Minister has been able to act B) used / would have predisposed
more aggressively in the past year because
he has ---- his power within the government.. C) had used / will predispose
D) were using / must predispose

A) recommended
E) use / had predisposed
B) reduced
8. Some new research findings ---- that growing
C) compelled
old ---- from stress and oxidative damage to
D) consolidated cells and DNA..
E) impaired
A) suggest / may not result
4. ---- any organ, including the kidneys, lungs, B) suggested / has not resulted
heart and brain, can be attacked by the
immune system.. C) will suggest / did not result
D) had suggested / would not result

A) Closely
E) have suggested / had not resulted
B) Virtually
C) Fortunately
D) Profoundly
E) Extremely
9. Structural unemployment has often 13. It was ---- his efforts that the two sides finally
been associated with technological agreed to hold talks ---- the principles of
unemployment, ----, unemployment resulting economic cooperation..
from the increased use of labour-saving
machines..
A) by / through
A) So as B) ever / for
B) so far C) through / on
C) that is D) with / at
D) what\'s more E) without / from
E) even so
14. Environmentalists claim that the construction
company felled ---- trees --- necessary while
10. All efforts by the Chinese government to building the new road..
eliminate the most widespread parasitic
infection in the country failed, ---- a new drug
arrived in the 1980s that was said to be A) more / than
highly effective in controlling the disease..
B) as / much as
A) just as C) too many / that
B) so that D) such a lot of / as
C) in case E) so many / that
D) even after
15. When you drink alcohol, your liver has to
work on ---- that, and sometimes it uses up
E) whereby
some of the enzymes and some of the
chemical reactions ---- to metabolize other
11. Few sociologists will admit that a city is things..
distinct ---- a village merely ---- the number of
its inhabitants..
A) metabolazing / needed
A) of / for B) being metabolized / to be needed
B) from / by C) to metabolize / needing
C) to / over D) metabolized / to need
D) in / though E) to be metabolized / need
E) off / in
16. Although scientists have only just begun to
understand ---- reefs can contribute to
12. He looked ---- nervously ---- his shoulder medicine, already coral reef organisms are
hoping that no one was paying him any being used in treatments for diseases like
attention.. cancer and HIV..
A) out / of A) who
B) up / through B) how
C) back / over C) which
D) down / from D) when
E) in / for E) what
21. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) as if
B) when
Across Africa, experts estimate that more than 30% C) even though
ofmalaria and tuberculosis medicines are fake. So
over 700,000 people die everyyear (I) ---- taking D) so that
thosecounterfeit drugs. It is a menace that (II)----
E) because
urgently, and it is why an initiative by a Ghana-based
network is indispensable(III) ---- the health of millions
ofAfricans. But do not mention it to the Ghana Food &
Drugs Board. They are (IV) ---- not interested. They
did noteven bother to answer why they are not
involved in the new anti-counterfeitcampaign, (V) ----
this network hascommitted itself to tackling the issue
of fake medicines by empoweringconsumers to get
involved in authenticating pharmaceutical products
before use.
17. I.
A) regardless of
B) in place of
C) in terms of
D) as a result of
E) in spite of
18. II.
A) was to be defeated
B) may be defeated
C) would be defeated
D) can be defeated
E) has to be defeated
19. III.
A) towards
B) for
C) into
D) with
E) upon
20. IV.
A) plainly
B) accidentally
C) favourably
D) delightfully
E) moderately
26. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) would infiltrate
B) had infiltrated
(I)---- there are dozens of indigenous languages C) infiltrated

spoken throughout South America, this is, with the (II)
---- of Portuguese-speaking Brazil, a Spanish-speaking D) have infiltrated
continent. However, the Spanish one hears in South
E) were infiltrating
America does not always conform (III)---- what one
has learned in the classroom or heard on a cassette,
and even competent Spanish-speakers find it takes a 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
bit of getting used to. (IV) ---- the odd differences in ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
pronunciation, words from native languages as well as
various European languages (V) ---- the different
dialects of South American Spanish, giving them each
their own unique character. 27. ---- because at these speeds they can propel
the car without using engine power..
22. I. A) The two-mode hybrid systems contain two

electric motors surrounding two planetary gear
sets
A) If
B) At higher velocities, engine power is required
B) Although
C) The systems can deliver continuous power in
C) When the required amounts
D) Whereas D) Single-mode hybrid automobile systems are

more fuel-efficient at lower speeds
E) Just as
E) Two-mode systems switch between modes
without the driver realizing it
23. II.
28. Thanks to the popularity of nature

A) exception documentaries on TV, ----..
B) contribution
A) many observers have noted high biological
C) involvement productivity around seamounts and islands
D) partition B) biologists know much less about the migration
of marine species
E) convention
C) the healthy populations of pelagic fish are in a
24. III. worldwide decline because of over-harvesting
D) there has been an increase of environmental

A) up awareness among people from all walks of life
B) at E) in Africa every year, hundreds of thousands of

wildebeests and zebras leave their traditional
C) by habitats to avoid the dry season
D) in
E) to
25. IV.
A) In case of
B) So far as
C) In addition to
D) By means of
E) In accordance with
29. While air quality may improve with increased 32. Novels often deal with characters and actions
biofuel use, ----.. that give readers an illusion of reality ----..
A) water quality can suffer due to over-use of A) in case it includes, among other things, a plot
fertilizers and overdrawn water supplies or story and a setting
B) worldwide ethanol demand has pushed up the B) though some of them are predominantly
cost of corn by 25% and sugar by 100% fanciful or fantastic
C) meanwhile, fuel crops had increased in value C) whether Dickenss novels are mostly social
novels, depicting life and society in Victorian
D) the energy balance of todays ethanol is England
positive
D) while they were experiencing things that
E) 75 million gallons of biodiesel and 4 billion actually happened
gallons of ethanol were made last year
E) if Jane Austen had based her novels on the
people and places with which she was familiar
30. Long before Linnaeus established his system
for naming plants in the 18th century, ----..
33. ----, the landscape is rich with autumn
colours..
A) around the world, orchids have long been
symbols of fertility and potency as in the Greek
legend of Orchis A) Before we have begun to appreciate it
B) the common names of flowers should be highly B) As poets love to sing of

evocative or imaginative
C) Even until the snow came
C) early attempts at growing orchids had
consisted of placing plants in pots filled with a D) Wherever you look
thick mixture of rotting wood and leaves
E) If he hasn't realized it
D) many Amazonian orchids are referred to locally
as monkey love-potions
34. Let's allow the students a break in the
middle of each term ----..
E) people throughout the world called plants by
their own inventive names
A) unless they ask for it
31. ---- if it is faced with American-inspired
B) if the courses were being revised
international sanctions..
C) however beneficial this could have proved
A) Iran has threatened to disrupt oil supplies
D) as it was hoped they would come back
B) Tehran would probably have found refreshed
considerable foreign support
E) as this will, certainly, improve efficiency
C) Irans use of the oil weapon in the past had
serious economic consequences around the 35. ---- blood transfusion should be undertaken
globe at once..
D) The Iranians have developed a petro-euro
system for oil trading A) As spontaneous improvement occasionally
occurs
E) The likelihood of Tehran taking action to
undermine the US economy has grown stronger B) Since all marrow elements were depleted
C) When anaemia is so severe that life is

endangered
D) Though the diagnosis turned out to be incorrect
E) As the haemoglobin level had been falling

gradually for some time
36. There is nearly always some evidence 38. Yaklak olarak M.. 8. yzylda Homer
of vitamin deficiency, especially among tarafndan kaleme alnan Truva Sava
the elderly, ----.. hakkndaki destanlar, birka yzyl boyunca
szl olarak korunmu olabilir..
A) which increased their nutritional requirements,

making their usual diet insufficient A) Homers epics about the Trojan War were
written down, probably in the 8th century B.C.,
B) even if patients had not developed a nutritional but may have been around for centuries in oral
disorder form.
C) however well-nourished the community as a B) Homer apparently wrote down the epics of the
whole may appear to be Trojan War sometime in the 8th century B.C.,
but they had already existed in oral form for
D) while energy expenditure could vary centuries.
enormously from person to person
C) The Trojan War epics had probably existed for
E) as official recommendations were being centuries in oral form before they were finally
blatantly disregarded transcribed by Homer sometime in the 8th
century B.C.
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleye D) The epics about the Trojan War written down
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke by Homer in about the 8th century B.C. may
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi have been preserved orally for several
bulunuz. centuries.
E) Homer transcribed the Trojan War epics

sometime during the 8th century B.C., but their
origins go back to an earlier oral tradition.
37. Altn-gm alamlar saf altndan daha
sert olmakla kalmayp ayn zamanda daha
dk derecelerde erir ve bu yzden daha 39. Snger ok hcreli olmasna karn,
kolay ekil alr.. hcreleri birbirine gevek bir ekilde baldr
ve belirgin doku oluturmaz..
A) Gold-silver alloys are not only preferable to
pure gold on account of their hardness but also A) The cells of the multicellular sponge are so
because they are easy to cast as they melt at loosely connected that they do not form
lower temperatures. definite tissues.
B) Since gold-silver alloys are much harder than B) The sponge is obviously multicellular, but the
pure gold and melt at lower temperatures, they cells are clearly too loosely connected to form
are easier to cast. tissues.
C) Gold-silver alloys, which are harder than pure C) Although the sponge is multicellular, its cells
gold, are easier to cast as they melt at lower are loosely connected and do not form specific
temperatures. tissues.
D) It is easy to cast gold-silver alloys as, D) Because the cells of the multicellular sponge
unlike;pure gold, they are hard and melt at low are loosely connected, they do not form
temperatures. specific tissues.
E) Gold-silver alloys are not only harder than pure E) The tissues of the multicellular sponge
gold, but they also melt at lower temperatures definitely evolve from the loosely connected
and are therefore easier to cast. cells.
40. Minority representatives in any political 42. A persons health history may reveal a
establishment must be made to feel that disease that interferes with the bodys use of
their interests are sufficiently protected.. nutrients or that affects the persons eating
habits..
A) Herhangi bir siyasal kuruluta, aznlk

temsilcileri, karlarnn tam olarak A) Kiinin salk yks, yemek yemesini
korunduunu hissetmelidirler. engelleyen veya bedeninin besinlerden
yararlanma srecini etkileyen bir hastal aa
B) Herhangi bir siyasal kurulutaki aznlk karmada kullanlabilir.
temsilcilerine, karlarnn yeterince korunduu
hissettirilmelidir. B) Kiinin salk yks, bedenin besinlerden
yararlanmasn engelleyen veya kiinin yemek
C) Herhangi bir siyasal kuruluun aznlk yeme alkanlklarn etkileyen bir hastal
temsilcileri, karlarnn olabildiince aa karabilir.
korunduunu hissedebilmelidirler
C) nsann yemek yemesini engelleyen veya
D) Aznlk temsilcileri, bir siyasal kurulutaki bedenin besinlerden yararlanma srecini
karlarnn tamamen korunduunu etkileyen hastalklar, kiinin salk yksnden
hissetmelidirler yararlanlarak ortaya karlabilir.
E) Bir siyasal kurulu, aznlk temsilcilerine, D) Bir kiinin salk yksnden, hem onun yemek
karlarnn tamamen korunduunu yeme alkanlklarn etkileyen hem de bedenin
hissettirmelidir. besinlerden yararlanmasn engelleyen
hastalklar kolaylkla anlalabilir
41. Alcohol was used for centuries as an
E) Bedenin besinlerden yararlanma srecini
anaesthetic, but it was difficult to determine
etkileyen veya kiinin yemek yemesini
the correct dosage because doctors could
engelleyen hastalklarn ou, kiinin salk
never be sure how much would be fatal..
yksnden anlalmaktadr
A) Alkol yzyllar boyunca anestetik olarak

kullanlmtr, ancak doru dozu belirlemek
zordu nk doktorlar ne kadarnn ldrc
olacandan asla emin olamyorlard.
B) Yzyllar boyunca anestetik olarak kullanlan

alkoln doru dozunu belirlemek ok zordu
nk doktorlar ne kadarnn ldrc olacan
asla bilemiyorlard.
C) Yzyllar boyunca doktorlar, ne kadarnn

ldrc olacan belirlemede zorlanmalarna
ramen alkol anestetik olarak kullanmlardr.
D) Alkol doktorlar tarafndan ne kadarnn ldrc

olduunu belirlemedeki zorluklara ramen
yzyllardr kullanlyor.
E) Alkol yzyllar boyunca anestetik olarak

kullanlmtr, fakat doktorlarn doru dozu
belirlemesi ok zordu nk ne kadarnn
ldrc olabileceini kimse asla bilemiyordu.
44. The surprising aspect of von Mutiuss study
was that ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) West German children were not as well-cared

for as previously thought
The hygiene hypothesis was first described in1989 by
David P. Strachan, a British epidemiologist, who B) East German children were living in such
noticed that the morechildren in a family, the lower unsanitary conditions that they had more
the rates of allergies and eczema. Children inlarge problems related to asthma
families tend to exchange colds and other infections
more often than childrenwith fewer siblings, and this C) unsanitary conditions seemed to result in fewer
respiratory problems
increased exposure to pathogens perhaps
protectedthese children from allergies. That same D) differences in the standard of living had no
year, Erika von Mutius, anepidemiologist at Munich effect on the development of diseases
University, was looking into the effect of hygiene
onasthma. Children from dirtier East Germany, she E) East German children had received better
was shocked to find, haddramatically less asthma medical treatment for their respiratory
than their West German counterparts living in problems than the West German children
cleaner,more modern circumstances. The East
German children had likely been exposed tomany 45. Regarding the hygiene hypothesis, it can be
more viruses and bacteria. According to the hygiene inferred that ----..
hypothesis, exposurein early childhood to infectious
agents programs the immune system to A) the human immune system has evolved to
mountdefences against disease-causing viruses, become weaker and less effective at fighting
bacteria and parasites. Better sanitaryconditions illnesses
deprive the immune system of this training, so the
body fightsagainst harmless particles as if they were B) it is only applicable to the problem of asthma in
deadly threats. The resultingallergic reaction leads to children and has no bearing on health problems
the classic signs of asthma. However, although of adults
muchdata supports the hygiene hypothesis for C) bacteria and viruses multiply more quickly in
allergies, the same cannot be said forasthma. clean environments
Contrary to expectations, asthma rates have
increased drastically inurban areas in the US that are D) more research is necessary to determine to
not particularly clean. what extent it explains the development of
asthma
E) it is a useful model for describing the

43. It can be understood from the passage that transmission of all illnesses
allergies ----..
46. According to the passage, Strachans and von
A) are a recent health concern among children Mutiuss studies ----..
B) often affect whole families and therefore may

A) seemed to support the same hypothesis
have a genetic component
despite being conducted with quite different
C) are often the result of frequent infections populations
D) may be more common among children living in B) are similar in that they both involve populations
European countries of children suffering from the same illness
E) may occur less frequently in those who have C) were incomplete in their assessments as they
had early exposure to viruses and bacteria both focused on children living in poor
conditions
D) cannot be compared since they were carried

out in different countries with different people
E) were both intended to disprove the hygiene

hypothesis but ended up doing the opposite
48. According to the passage, the 9/11 terrorist
attacks ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) could have been prevented if the al Qaeda

operatives had been captured in time
Following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001,
Americans understandably rallied around the flag. B) made the American people united as a nation
Having just suffered the deadliest attack ever on the and feel more patriotic
US soil, a great majority of the people believed
another attack was imminent. But Americans alsohad C) were part of a series of terrorist acts planned in
enormous faith the 'Global War on Terror' would help advance by the al Qaeda leaders
keep them safe. Just one month after 9/11, for
D) demonstrated the fact that the United States
instance, 94 per cent of Americans fully approved of was more vulnerable to terrorism than any
how the fight against terrorism was being other country in the world
handled.The United States then quickly went to war in
Afghanistan, closing down a terrorist camp and E) convinced the al Qaeda operatives that the
capturing or killing a number of high-level al Qaeda United States would be an easy target in the
operatives in the process. However, since 2001, future
terrorists have found their targets on almost every
continent, with bombings in Bali, London, Madrid, 49. It is stressed in the passage that, for the al
Istanbul, and else where. Now Americans appear less Qaedaleaders, ----..
convinced that their country is winning the war
onterror. In the face of persisting threats, including A) any part of the world could be a target for their
agrowing number of terrorist attacks around the attacks
world, numerous reports show that Americans are
losing faith in their governments ability to wage the B) the war in Afghanistan is causing much
war successfully and to protect them from the damage to their operatives
terroristsnext major attack.
C) their future attacks must focus on the American
homeland
47. As pointed out in the passage, since terrorist D) more threats from them will turn the American
attacks and threats have not ceased in the people against their government
world, ----..
E) their attacks on a number of cities, including
Istanbul, were not effective at all
A) the American government is convinced that
some major cities in the country can be the 50. As can be clearly understood from the
targets of terrorist attacks passage, in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks,
almost all the Americans ----..
B) the United States has stepped up its operations
in Afghanistan in order to capture the al Qaeda
operatives A) thought that Americas invasion of Afghanistan
would be futile
C) Americans are very concerned about the
security and success of their forces in B) were disappointed with their governments
Afghanistan policies
D) the American people hardly believe that the C) believed that their country was still the safest
government will be able to win the war on place in the world
terror
D) supported the way the war on terror was being
E) it is admitted by all the governments that the carried out
socalled Global War on Terror will
lastindefinitely E) believed that the government would soon bring
the war on terror to an end
53. We can understand from the passage that -
---..
cevaplaynz.
A) it was World War II which gave rise to the cold

war between the United States and Soviet
Although the United States and the Soviet Union
Union
became allies during World War II, there seemed to
be little doubt that their opposing ideologies would B) the main function of the Berlin Wall was to
ultimately produce a cold war. The cold war was protect Europe from the Soviet invasion
aglobal phenomenon and was clearly conditioned by
the political, economic, and social aspirations of the C) both of the superpowers had strong desires to
control the world
two super-powers. Between 1945 and 1989 Europe
became a testing ground for the cold war it self. The D) when World War II came to an end, the United
Soviets were convinced that Eastern European buffer States intended to give up her economic
states had to be created to protect the Soviet interests in Europe
Unionfrom future invasions. As for the United States,
theTruman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, and NATO were E) the Soviet strategies shaped the everyday life
allintended to keep Russian ideology with in its own of all the peoples in Europe
borders. When the cold war came to an end following
the collapse of the Berlin Wall in November 1989, the 54. The passage indicates that ----..
Soviet ideology was considered a spent force in
Eastern Europe.
A) the strategies used by the Soviets in Eastern
Europe proved to be successful in the end
B) a crucial time for the cold war was the year

51. According to the passage, the cold war ----..
when the Berlin Wall collapsed
A) caused the collapse of the economy in the C) the most important motive behind the cold war
Eastern European states was to create a free world
B) was the main reason which brought an end to D) the cold war eliminated the risk of potential
World War II invasions in Europe
C) ended because the United States and the E) super-powers should represent themselves as
Soviet Union both felt threatened by global the guardians of peace
changes
D) helped the Eastern European states to become

more powerful and secure
E) was not confined to the political relations only

between the United States and the Soviet
Union
52. It is indicated in the passage that ----..
A) a potential for a disagreement between the two

super powers was apparent even during World
War II
B) NATO made it possible for the Eastern

European countries to establish economic
relations with the United States
C) the Russian ideology became widespread all

around Europe
D) the Truman Doctrine was developed to protect

the Eastern European states from the Soviet
threat
E) the cold war continued for about two decades

and then ended
57. It is pointed out in the passage that the
Chippendale family ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) exerted an enormous influence on the style of

English furniture
The most important influence on the style of English
furniture was that of the Chippendale B) worked as cabinet makers for very many
family.Chippendale furniture is the creation of generations
Thomas Chippendale, a London-based cabinet-maker.
His Gentleman and Cabinet-Makers Director, a folio C) influenced furniture and design for over a
of furniture designs, was published in 1754 and had a century
wide circulation. Chippendale himself never marked
D) was more interested in furniture design than in
his creations, making it harder today for collectors to the making of it
locate original pieces. One of the best ways to find
original Chippendale furniture is to look for uneven E) made a name for themselves with the
joints and tool marks, as the furniture was made publication of a folio of furniture designs
entirely by hand and does not have the perfect angles
of a mass-produced product. Though an article of 58. In this passage, ----..
furniture made in Chippendales manner may bear his
name, it is by no means an indication that it was
actually made in his workshop. The 18th century was A) the role of the Chippendale family in shaping
18th-century taste is discussed
a time when artisans were beginning to exploit
various styles, leading to widespread adoption of his B) the Chippendale style of furniture is described
name in revivals of his style, so much so that dealers in detail
spoke of 'Chinese Chippendale', 'Gothic Chippendale',
and even 'Irish Chippendale'. Many of these later C) we learn something about genuine Chippendale
designs that attach his name bear little relationship to furniture and copies of it
his original concepts.
D) the change in furniture styles from the mid-
18th century to the present day is outlined
E) advantages of hand-made furniture over mass

55. It is clear from the passage that all genuine
produced furniture are discussed
Chippendale furniture ----..
A) is catalogued in the Gentleman and Cabinet-

Makers Director
B) has a special Chippendale mark on it
C) has been bought up by collectors
D) was made by hand, and this is especially

apparent in the joints
E) has been reproduced by mass-production

techniques
56. According to the passage, the Chippendale

style of furniture was widely copied ----..
A) but only the Irish Chippendale gained much

popularity
B) but many of the later designs that carry his

name bear little resemblance to the original
Chippendale
C) especially by London-based cabinet makers
D) but the copies can easily be distinguished from

the original pieces
E) but only by second-rate cabinet makers

60. The main reason why the Dead Sea is about
to disappear is that ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) the Jordan River has overflowed into the sea

The Dead Sea is a place of mystery: the lowest B) thousands of sinkholes have formed in it
surface on earth, the purported sites of Sodom and
Gomorrah, a supposed font of curative waters and, C) its water source is being used up by tourists
despite its name, a treasure trove of unusual looking for miracle cures
microbial life. Yet its future is anything but a mystery.
D) the microbial life existing in it has multiplied
After centuries of stability owing to a delicate
equilibrium between freshwater supply from the E) the natural balance between its water gain and
Jordan River and evaporation under the relentless loss has been destroyed
Middle Eastern sun the sea is now disappearing.
Jordanians to the east, Israelis to the west and Syrians
61. We understand from the passage that ----..
and Lebanese to the north are pumping so much
freshwater from the river catchment that almost none
reaches the sea. Israel and Jordan are also siphoning A) its curative waters are the only incentive for
water from the Dead Sea to extract valuable minerals, preserving the Dead Sea
hastening the decline. Thousands of sinkholes have
B) it is easy to predict where the next sinkhole will
formed in the receding seas wake, curtailing tourism
occur
and development along the border because no one
can predict where the next gaping hole will suddenly C) there are many good reasons for bringing the
open, potentially swallowing buildings, roads or Dead Sea back to life
people. Concerned over losing a valuable natural and
cultural resource, officials from Israel, Jordan and the D) the sun no longer affects the waters of the
Palestinian Authorities have proposed an enormous Middle Eastern regions
conveyor system that would steadily refill the Dead E) the Palestinian Authority is the sole official
Sea with water from the Red Sea to the south. mechanism concerned about the Dead Sea
Scientists are testing how the mixing of the waters
might affect the lakes chemistry and biology.
62. It is stated in the passage that ----..
A) although its name indicates otherwise, the

59. According to the passage, the Dead Sea ----..
Dead Sea actually hosts many living organisms
A) receives a lot of freshwater from neighbouring B) the water transferred from the Red Sea will
rivers restore the Dead Sea to its original state
B) still enjoys stability thanks to the presence of C) despite the fact that Israel and Jordan are
regular water addition and evaporation pumping water from the sea, the loss of water
is minimal
C) has led to the development of a touristic site
along the borders of Israel and Jordan D) the Jordan River only exists today because of
the waters from the Dead Sea
D) is currently under serious threat of vanishing
completely E) the gaping holes have had little effect on the
Dead Seas touristic value
E) has become so contaminated that cleansing it
will be impossible
65. Tim : A recent study has found that, in the oil
producing Arab countries in the Middle East,
bo braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek a quarter of the population lives below the
ifadeyi bulunuz. poverty line, defined by the World Bank as
earning less than $2 per day.
Tony : Unbelievable. Despite record oil profits
for those countries?
63. Hannah :- ---- Tim : ----
Bob :- Yes; it also seems that if women Tony : In that case, one can say that Arab
continue to have a larger share of the labour governments have been negligent of their
market, it will create social problems. social responsibility. .
Hannah :- Really? Like what?
Bob :- Well, it says in this article that male
unemployment and crime will rise, leading to A) Yes, indeed. In fact, this clearly shows that the
over-crowded prisons and difficult family current oil boom has not benefited the average
life.. Arab citizen at all.
B) It is true that higher oil prices allow

A) Women today are receiving a better education governments to avoid making difficult
than they used to. decisions.
B) It seems that women are now working outside C) Moreover, massive infrastructure and housing
the home more than ever before. projects have been undertaken.
C) It says here that in secondary schools, girls do D) So far, open economies have done much better
better than boys on standardized tests in all than the closed ones.
subjects, even in maths and science.
E) For instance, in the Gulf states, rising real
D) Women shouldnt be willing to work for less estate prices have pushed up rents and
money than men. housing costs.
E) I think its wonderful that more and more

women are working in managerial positions. 66. Isabel : Here is an interesting article on
Byzantine learning. Have you seen it?
Fred : Let me have a look. No, I havent, but
64. Matthew :- Have you ever heard of a it does seem interesting.
hurricane pilgrim? Isabel : ----
Mother :- ---- Fred : Well, we know from history that, in
Matthew :- Okay, then, lets hear it. education, Byzantine schools based their
Mother :- Well, a pilgrim is a person who instruction on classical Greek literature..
comes from faraway to see something, and
we both know that a hurricane is an
extremely strong storm. So a hurricane A) In fact, Byzantine achievements in art and
pilgrim must be someone who comes from architecture have always been admired.
out of town just to see the storm..
B) Evidently, Byzantine scholars were very
interested in the politics of ancient Greece.
A) No, but I can guess what it means.
C) As it has been argued by most historians,
B) I dont think I have. What do you know about it? religion dominated Byzantine life.
C) Yes; theres an article about them in this D) One can point out that inventiveness was
journal. What a dangerous interest! highly prized in Byzantine culture.
D) Is it a type of traveller? E) It gives a full account of the Byzantine interest

in classical Greek literature.
E) This is for your homework assignment, isnt it?
Look it up on the Internet.
67. Mary : The other day I was reading an 69. A recent survey regarding new engineering
interesting article on the Black Death. Tony graduates revealed that these graduates lack
: You mean the terrible plague that communication skills..
devastated Europe in the 14th century? Mary
: ---- Tony : Also throughout villages, towns
and cities. As a result, the population of A) New engineering graduates are not as good at
Europe was cut nearly in half.. communicating as their predecessors,
according to the results of a recent survey.
A) Right. I didnt know that its effects were worst B) A deficiency in communicative skills was the
in confined places like hospitals, prisons, and most common complaint about new
monasteries. engineering graduates, according to a recent
survey.
B) According to a contemporary account, the city
of Florence lost 96,000 people between March C) The fact that recent engineering graduates do
and October of 1348. not have the ability to make themselves
understood was made clear by a new survey.
C) European men and women were convinced that
the plague had been sent as a divine D) The results of a new survey on engineering
punishment. graduates suggest that the most recent of
these graduates are only average
D) However, as one learns from the article, the communicators.
plague did not last long, but actually began to
dissipate by 1351. E) Good communication skills were rated in a
recent survey as the most sought-after quality
E) I feel that more study must be made of the in new engineering graduates.
social and political impact the plague had on
medieval Europe in general.
70. The rain continued for days and the
basements of most houses were flooded..
en yakn cmleyi bulunuz. A) It rained continuously for days and the
basements of nearly all the houses were filled
with water.
68. Great or notorious leaders seem to have B) The rain lasted for days, and floods carried
unusual and distinctive capabilities that mark some of the houses away.
them off from the rest of us..
C) The excessive rainfall caused flooding and
damage to the houses for many days.
A) Leaders, whether they are remarkable for good
or evil, are different from the rest of the world D) Flood water poured into the basements of
on account of their rare potential. many houses a few days after the heavy rains
started.
B) It is the distinctive quality of uniqueness that
marks the great and the notorious leaders E) Within days, the continuing rain caused
alike, and that sets them off from the rest of us. flooding which damaged the basements of
most houses.
C) Leaders, both illustrious and infamous ones,
are apparently endowed with rare and
remarkable capacities that distinguish them
from other people.
D) Both the eminent and the notorious leaders of

the world are set apart from the rest of
mankind on account of their rare abilities.
E) It is on account of their remarkable capabilities

that the great and the disreputable leaders
alike, are so different from the rest of mankind.
71. The whole object of education ought to 73. From about 1300 until about the middle of
broaden the mind and so to equip it to the fifteenth century, disasters struck
recognise and condemn narrow-mindedness.. throughout western Europe with appalling
severity and dismaying persistence. ---- Then
came the most terrible natural disaster of all:
A) Education should aim at producing a more the dreadful plague known as the Black
liberal way of thinking so that intolerance can Death. It reduced the total population of
be identified and denounced. western Europe by at least one half and
caused great hardships for most of the
B) The main concern of education is to broaden
survivors..
ones experience and understanding of
different types of intolerance.
A) Europe emerged in the later fifteenth century
C) Through education one learns to regard all with a healthier economy.
forms of narrow-mindedness in a sprit of
tolerance. B) Of these disasters, famine was the most
widespread and persistent.
D) Education teaches us tolerance and to tolerate
all viewpoints except that of narrow- C) There was a limit to the amount of land that
mindedness. could be cleared for farming.
E) Narrow-mindedness is the only mode of D) Overcrowding made Europes cities particularly

educated thinking that does not uphold the vulnerable to the plague.
virtues of tolerance.
E) Large-scale banking had already emerged
during the thirteenth century.
parada anlam btnln salamak iin 74. Publius Aelius Hadrianus was the emperor of
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz. Rome from AD 117 until his death in AD 138.
He pursued a policy of non-expansion,
especially during the late years of his reign,
and reinforcement after the vast conquests
72. Many people choose to take a daily of his predecessor Trajans reign. ---- He
multivitamin as a form of nutritional health travelled more widely than any other
insurance. Many refined and processed foods emperor, and strengthened both the army
often lack nutritional value. In these and Roman administration in the conquered
situations, a multivitamin can initially make lands..
up for any possible shortfall in your diet. ----
For example, a recent study showed that a
regular multivitamin and mineral supplement A) For most of his reign, he was challenged by
improved the immune system and reduced many other emperors.
the risk of infections in a group of elderly
people.. B) It was defended by 16 military camps and other
smaller fortifications.
A) Even a well-balanced diet cannot always C) He was adopted by the emperor Trajan, whom
provide all the vitamins and minerals the body he succeeded.
requires for its special needs.
D) It was damaged by the Picts on several
B) The vitamin A is usually synthesized from occasions, and abandoned in about 383 AD.
vegetable sources and therefore is suitable for
vegetarians. E) This practice was aimed at strengthening the
boundaries of the empire.
C) Multivitamin intake may also help to boost your
bodys defences against infections and other
minor illnesses.
D) Nutrition plays an important role in the

development of the brain, but supplements will
not enhance intelligence.
E) Most childrens multivitamins normally include

sugars or sweeteners, sometimes as a high
proportion of the chewable tablet.
75. One characteristic property of a gas is its 77. I) Most of the military robotic systems
compressibility, that is, its ability to be currently operating are airborne. (II) This is
squeezed into a smaller volume by the because robots for use in a ground war
application of pressure. By comparison, present serious problems as conditions are
liquids and solids are relatively more complex and less predictable.(III) The
incompressible. The compressibility of gases Armys first ground robots were devoted to
was first studied quantitatively by Robert mine-sweeping. (IV) For instance, what works
Boyle in 1661. When he poured mercury into in a desert will be unsuited to jungles. (V)
the open end of a J-shaped tube, the volume Similarly, a machine designed for use in cities
of the enclosed gas decreased. Each addition is unlikely to adapt to mountains..
of mercury increased the pressure on the
gas, decreasing its volume. ----.
A) I
A) It is true that gases are composed of molecules B) II

whose size is negligible compared with the
average distance between them. C) III
B) While studying the composition of air, John D) IV

Dalton concluded in 1801 that each gas in a
mixture of unreactive gases acts as though it E) V
were the only gas in the mixture.
78. (I) America, more than any other country,
C) According to Newton, the pressure of a gas was needs a properly functioning airline system.
due to the mutual repulsions of the gas (II) So it could be in the public interest to use
particles, that is, gas molecules. taxpayers money to help make the airlines
function properly again. (III) The government
D) The Swiss mathematician and physicist Daniel
had shut down American airspace for four
Bernoulli suggested in 1738 that molecules of
days at enormous cost to the carriers. (IV)
gases move faster at higher temperatures.
But such support cannot continue forever. (V)
In fact, taxpayers are already beginning to
E) From such experiments, he formulated the law
complain..
now known by his name and called 'Boyles
law.'
A) I
76. - 80.sorularda, cmleler srasyla B) II

okunduunda parann anlam btnln
bozan cmleyi bulunuz. C) III
D) IV
E) V
76. (I) Combat stress may arise when an event,
situation or condition in a fighting zone
requires a soldier to alter his or her 79. (I) The face of education is changing rapidly
behaviour in response to new demand. (II) As as a direct result of innovative computer
a result, certain situations could have placed technology.(II) Gone are the days of studying
so much strain on an individual that he or she repetitive grammar exercises from an old
could not maintain a normal level of copy of A First Aid In English, while chalk
functioning.(III) This change in behaviour dust floats in the air. (III) Teachers are
typically presents cognitive, physiological becoming weary of teaching the same
and emotional challenges.(IV) Such stress is subjects in the same way year after year. (IV)
a normal and expected experience for The students of today are more likely to find
deployed personnel, and the vast majority of themselves in front of a computer screen
soldiers manage it effectively. (V) Many than a black board. (V) As the tools of
actually perform better under reasonable education change, so does the nature of
levels of stress.. learning and acquisition of knowledge..
A) I A) I
B) II B) II
C) III C) III
D) IV D) IV
E) V E) V
80. (I) Seismic waves are the vibrations from
earthquakes that travel through Earth. (II)
The Richter magnitude scale was developed
in 1935 by Charles F. Richter of the California
Institute of Technology to compare the
intensity of earthquakes. (III) They are
recorded on instruments called
seismographs. (IV) Seismographs record a
zigzag trace that shows the varying
amplitude of ground oscillations beneath the
instrument. (V) Sensitive seismographs,
which greatly magnify these ground
movements, can detect strong earthquakes
from sources anywhere in the world..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 A 41 A
2 E 42 B
3 D 43 E
4 B 44 C
5 D 45 D
6 C 46 A
7 A 47 D
8 A 48 B
9 C 49 A
10 D 50 D
11 B 51 E
12 C 52 A
13 C 53 C
14 A 54 B
15 A 55 D
16 B 56 B
17 D 57 A
18 E 58 C
19 B 59 D
20 A 60 E
21 C 61 C
22 B 62 A
23 A 63 B
24 E 64 A
25 C 65 A
26 D 66 E
27 D 67 A
28 D 68 C
29 A 69 C
30 E 70 A
31 A 71 A
32 B 72 C
33 D 73 B
34 E 74 E
35 C 75 E
36 C 76 B
37 E 77 C
38 D 78 C
39 C 79 C
40 B 80 B
9
5. The only genetic test currently available is
one for a condition called familial
yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi hypercholesterolemia, which ---- less than
bulunuz. one per cent of people with cardiovascular
disease..
1. Because saliva offers some natural protection A) accounts for

against tooth ----, less saliva can lead to more
cavities.. B) comes with
C) joins in
A) treatment
D) picks up
B) surgery
E) brings out
C) care
D) growth 6. Severe indoor air pollution ---- in many poor

communities when biomass and coal are used
E) decay for cooking and heating in enclosed places
without adequate ventilation..
2. In 1996, two teams of archaeologists found

what appear to be the remains of very ---- A) does without
musical instruments at Neanderthal sites..
B) carries away
A) sensitive C) takes place
B) reluctant D) makes do with
C) relentless E) brings down
D) simple
7. Even with the newly-announced policy, US
E) confident scientists who ---- to study human embryos to
learn more about infertility and genetic
anomalies ---- government funding to do so..
3. A fresh look at the final months of
the presidency of John F. Kennedy ---- that
a second Kennedy term might have produced A) want / cannot use
a rapprochement with Cuba..
B) would have wanted / had not used
A) promises C) will want / did not use
B) describes D) had wanted / should not have used
C) inflicts E) wanted / must not have used
D) indicates
8. For a long time, scientists believed that
E) involves functional deficits in certain brain regions ----
autism the result of complications in brain
structure that no change in wiring among
4. The rise of lay education during the medieval neural networks ----..
intellectual revival was an ---- important
development in the history of Western
Europe.. A) might cause / had fixed
B) caused / could fix

A) anxiously
C) have caused / fixes
B) enormously
D) cause / could have fixed
C) independently
E) would have caused / fixed
D) evenly
E) abnormally
9. ---- corporations grow in size and diversity, 13. The most useful geothermal resources are
the difficulty of managing employee hot water and steam trapped in subsurface
relations increases.. formations or reservoirs and having
temperatures ranging ---- 80 ---- 350
centigrade..
A) Lest
B) In case A) from / to
C) Whether B) between / of
D) So that C) among / at
E) As D) within / over
E) under / off
10. ---- James assures me that he's telling
the truth, I'm pretty sure that he's actually
telling a lie.. 14. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and the
opening of formerly closed borders, traders -
--- Georgia and Armenia, crossed over the
A) On the contrary borders ---- Turkey to make a living..
B) Just as
A) at / with
C) So as
B) of / about
D) Whenever
C) from / to
E) As if
D) between / back
11. The East European countries are strongly
E) on / towards
convinced that European Economic aid, ----
welcome, is not a substitute for market
access and eventual membership of the 15. Supercells are similar to other
European Union.. thunderstorms, ---- they're strong enough to
produce several tornadoes..
A) just as
A) rather than
B) lest
B) except that
C) since
C) because of
D) when
D) regardless of
E) though
E) but for
12.
Surely almost every child at one time or 16. A school is a particular community of persons
another, watching a bird fly, ---- that he, too, ---- central purpose is to understand some
---- wings and could swoop through the air. subject truly..
.
A) who
A) will wish / would have
B) that
B) wished / had had
C) when
C) wishes / will have
D) whose
D) would wish / has
E) why
E) has wished / had
21. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) not only
B) either
We must not (I)---- the element of pleasure and C) both

enjoyment which comes from the reading of
literature. This is surely itself one of the great benefits D) more
which (II) ---- from being an educated person. But,
E) as well as
over and above that, let us recognize (III) ---- certain
other fundamental skills and capacities are developed
(IV) ---- the reading of literature, which are important
to us all as educated people, (V) ---- in our private
pleasures or our personal philosophies, but also in the
day-to-day exercise of our responsibilities.
17. I.
A) subside
B) assert
C) interpret
D) witness
E) underestimate
18. II.
A) had come
B) comes
C) would have come
D) came
E) was coming
19. III.
A) so that
B) in case
C) just as
D) that
E) although
20. IV.
A) at
B) in
C) through
D) over
E) to
26. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) defined
B) has been defined
(I)---- all the political ideologies of the early C) is defined

nineteenth century, nationalism is the most difficult to
grasp. Its (II) ---- are elusive. What, exactly, counted D) could be defined
as a nation? Who demanded a nation, and what did
E) defines
their demand mean? In the early nineteenth century,
nationalism was usually aligned with liberalism. (III) -
--- the century progressed, (IV) ----, it became 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
increasingly clear that nationalism (V)---- to fit any ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
doctrine.
27. Once rarely found in news rooms, ----..

22. I.
A) each radio and television station and daily

A) By
newspaper will have subscribed to one or more
wire services
B) About
B) the news editor will also assign headline sizes
C) From
to be written on the various stories as they are
D) For edited throughout the night
E) Of C) a very small newspaper or radio station may

have a reporting staff consisting of one or two
persons
23. II.
D) the reporters task could have been to present
information, not to pass judgement on it
A) credentials
E) women now comprise about half of the news
B) comments editorial staffs of Americas daily newspapers
C) premises
28. Despite the fact that no one has ever seen it
D) subsidies happen, ----..
E) amendments
A) there is evidence to suggest that rocks of up to
320 kilograms are moved by the wind across
24. III. the floor of Death Valley in California
B) the Grandstand is a 20-metre-high island of

A) As
rock that looks like the top of a mountain
B) Because buried in a sea of sediment
C) Even if C) most of south eastern California is a region torn

by earthquakes and eroded by wind and rain
D) If
D) Death Valley lies 86 metres below sea level and
E) Whether is surrounded by peaks of more than 3,000
metres
25. IV. E) Death Valley was formed as the Amargosa and

Panamint mountain ranges were pulled apart
from each other
A) furthermore
B) however
C) moreover
D) therefore
E) so
29. ---- unless you are interested in psychology.. 33. ----, astronomers want to take pictures of
galaxies of various ages from infancy to
maturity..
A) Hes thinking of going to a psychiatrist
B) This is the book youve suggested A) Because Hubble has taken long exposures of
small patches of sky
C) You could solve your problems
B) In order to get an idea of what the Milky Way
D) There is no point in reading that book might have looked like in the past
E) This book will be very useful for you C) Even though old galaxies were smaller in size
and more irregular in shape than modern ones
30. ---- how words in a language have changed
D) As one would expect, if todays galaxies formed
overtime..
from the union of several smaller ones
A) Linguistic studies revealed some years ago E) If the rate of star formation reached its peak
around seven billion years ago
B) Tribal diversity in Africa demonstrates
34. Most viruses cannot survive very long outside
C) A group of linguists were involved in a special
a living host cell, ----..
study
D) Historical linguists commonly study A) although temperate bacteriophages do not

always destroy their hosts
E) The researchers were impressed
B) but the type of attachment proteins on the
31. When he locked the door and left the house, - surface of a virus determines what type of cell
---.. it can infect
C) since viruses have several ways to penetrate

A) the sun was already setting animal cells
B) I am standing at the corner of the road D) so their survival depends to a great extent on
their being transmitted from animal to animal
C) he doesnt know anyone is watching him
E) yet under a microscope, most bacteria appear
D) the pavements are still wet with rain similar in size and form
E) he will have had something to eat

35. Classical musical literacy in much of Europe
today is in decline ----..
32. Cholesterol is notorious as a possible factor
in heart disease, ----..
A) because its theory remains far behind the
realities of contemporary music practice
A) so that the body regulates lipoprotein levels in
several ways B) whether the musical world has changed
B) because each type of lipoprotein serves a C) even though new technology has also affected
different purpose the music itself
C) but about one in 500 babies inherits a disease D) when hundreds of thousands of musicians form
called hypercholesterolemia amateur symphony orchestras and chamber
music groups
D) although it circulates in the blood, mainly in
particles called low-density lipoproteins E) though many countries were giving
considerable encouragement to young
E) yet it is essential for the functioning of all our conductors and composers
cells
36. Practically all the problems associated with 38. Kresel snma hzlandka ve
the musculo-skeletal and body-fluid systems enerji gereksinimlerimiz artmaya devam
could be alleviated or avoided in space ships ettike, bizim daha temiz ve daha srekli
----.. enerji kaynaklarna sahip olmamz gerekir..
A) if artificial gravity similar to that on Earth could A) Cleaner and more reliable sources of energy
be provided must be found or global warming will
accelerate, and it will be impossible to meet
B) as current countermeasures are limited to the energy demands.
use of exercise equipment
B) As the process of global warming speeds up
C) since technological progress might have solved and demands for energy rise, we need to find
this problem cleaner and more sustainable sources of
energy.
D) before further complications had developed
C) If global warming continues and the demands
E) although the spaceship could be linearly for energy increase, we shall be forced to seek
accelerated in the desired direction cleaner and more sustainable sources of
energy.
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleye D) The demand for cleaner and more reliable
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke sources of energy will increase if global
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi warming continues and energy requirement
bulunuz. increase.
E) As global warming accelerates and our energy

demands continue to rise, we have to have
cleaner and more sustainable source of energy.
37. Satrn buz kapl saysz paracktan
oluan muhteem halka sistemi ile tannr..
39. Nicholas Gane'in yeni yaymlanan kitab
Toplum Kuramnn Gelecei, dnyann nde
A) What makes Saturn remarkable is its superb gelen toplum kuramclar ile yaplan bir dizi
ring system composed of countless-ice-covered mlakat bir araya getirmektedir..
particles.
B) Saturn has a magnificent ring system, A) The newly published book, The Future of Social
composed of innumerable ice covered particles. Theory by Nicholas Gene, draws heavily on a
series of interviews conducted by the world\'s
C) The special characteristic of Saturn is its leading social theorists.
fantastic ring system made up of millions of ice
covered particles B) Nicholas Gane\'s newly published book The
Future of Social Theory brings together a series
D) The incredible ring system of Saturn is made up of interviews held with the world\'s leading
of ice-covered particles socialtheorists.
E) Saturn is noted for its magnificent ring system, C) A series of interviews with the world\'s leading
which is composed of myriads of ice-covered social theorists was the starting point for
particles. Nicholas Gane\'s newly published The Future of
Social Theory.
D) Nicholas Gane interviewed some of the world\'s

leading social theorists before writing The
Future of Social Theory which has recently
been published.
E) Nicholas Gane\'s newly published book The

Future of Social Theory makes extensive use of
interviews between the writer and the world\'s
leading social theorists.
40. As we learn from the works of many 42. When the Sirkeci train station went into
biologists in the past, since sponges did not service on November 3, 1890, the waiting
move from one place to another, they were room was heated with stoves brought from
thought to be plants.. Austria and lit by coal-gas lamps..
A) Gemiteki pek ok biyoloun, eserlerinde, A) 3 Kasm 1890da hizmete giren Sirkeci tren
sngerlerden bitki olarak sz etmesinin nedeni, istasyonunun hava gaz lambalaryla
bu canllarn bir yerden bir yere hareket aydnlatlan bekleme salonu, ou
etmemesidir. Avusturyadan ithal edilen sobalarla stlyordu.
B) Gemiteki biyologlarn eserlerinden B) Sirkeci tren istasyonu 3 Kasm 1890da hizmete

rendiimiz kadaryla, sngerler bir yerden bir girdiinde, bekleme salonu Avusturyadan
yere hareket etmemeleri dolaysyla bitkilerle getirtilen sobalarla stlyor ve hava gaz
ayn grupta ele alnyordu lambalaryla aydnlatlyordu.
C) Gemiteki pek ok biyoloun eserlerinden C) 3 Kasm 1890da, bekleme salonu hava gaz
rendiimiz kadaryla, sngerler bir yerden bir lambalaryla aydnlatlan ve Avusturyadan ithal
yere hareket etmedii iin onlarn bitki olduu edilen sobalarla stlan Sirkeci tren istasyonu
sanlyordu hizmete girdi.
D) Gemite, sngerler, bir yerden bir yere D) Sirkeci tren istasyonu 3 Kasm 1890da hizmete
hareket etmedikleri iin bitki olarak kabul girdiinde, hava gaz lambalaryla aydnlatlan
edildii halde, pek ok biyolog bu gre bekleme salonunu stmak iin Avusturyadan
eserlerinde yer vermemitir. soba ithal edilmiti.
E) Sngerler, bir yerden bir yere hareket E) Sirkeci tren istasyonunun Avusturya sobalaryla
etmedikleri iin, gemite bitki olarak stlan ve hava gaz lambalaryla aydnlatlan
snflanyordu; fakat birok biyolog, eserlerinde bekleme salonu, 3 Kasm 1890da hizmete
bunun yanl olduunu belirtmektedir girmiti
41. James Joyce, whom Samuel Beckett knew in

Paris in the 1920s, had a great impact on
Becketts thinking regarding the art of
writing..
A) Samuel Beckettin 1920lerde Pariste tand

James Joyceun, Beckettin yazma sanatyla ilgili
dnceleri zerinde byk bir etkisi oldu.
B) James Joyceun yazma sanat konusundaki

dncelerinden ok etkilenen Samuel Beckett,
onu 1920lerde Pariste tanmt.
C) Samuel Beckett 1920lerde James Joycela

Pariste tantktan sonra, yazma sanat
konusundaki dnceleri bir lde deiti.
D) James Joyce 1920lerde Pariste tand Samuel

Beckettin yazma sanat konusundaki
dncelerini byk lde etkiledi.
E) 1920lerde Pariste yaayan Samuel Beckettin

yazma sanat konusundaki dnceleri James
Joyce sayesinde tamamyla deiti.
44. According to the passage, coughing and
sweating ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) function superior to the way antimicrobial

enzymes do
A key strategy in keeping the body free frominfection
is to prevent the entry of harmful organisms in the B) play a minor role in helping to remove
first place.Barrier, or passive immunity, acts as a first microbes from the body
line of defence againstpathogens, providing
protection via the physical and chemical C) act to remove microbes before they penetrate
barrierspresented by the various surfaces of the body. the immunity barrier
These include both external surfacessuch as the skin
D) are a common reaction to mild bacterial skin
and mucus-lined internal surfaces like the airways infections
and thegut. Each body surface forms an initial
physical barrier to infection, and thisis then E) help to break down bacteria that enter the
supplemented by a variety of secreted substances body through skin wounds
that exhibitantimicrobial properties such as enzymes,
which break down bacteria. Additionalvital 45. Once microbes enter the body through the
mechanisms function to expel or flush out microbes skin, ----..
from the body likecoughing, sweating and urination. If
barrier immunity is breached, for instanceby a skin
A) they are immediately removed from the body
wound, and pathogens enter the body, the innate
through urination
immune system thenbecomes actively involved. Key
to this is the activation of an inflammatoryresponse B) it becomes more difficult for immune cells to
and the deployment of immune cells. Tissue damage access the infected area
results frominflammation, which helps to prevent
microbes from spreading. The capillarywalls in the C) damaged cells prevent the release of immune
affected area become more penetrable, enabling cells
immune cells to accessthe infected tissue. Damaged D) barrier or passive immunity is activated to stop
cells release chemicals that attract immune cellsonce the infection from spreading
they have migrated from the bloodstream.
E) the area becomes inflamed as a bodily
response to prevent further infection
43. According to the passage, the body uses a

defence system which acts to ----.. 46. According to the passage, ----..
A) keep itself from getting infected as a first A) the physical barriers against infection are more
precaution effective than chemical barriers
B) weaken its various surfaces B) the physical and chemical mechanisms work
together to protect the body against infections
C) balance the physical and chemical barriers
present in it C) chemical barriers present a more effective
response against infection than physical ones
D) break down its external and internal surfaces
D) neither the chemical nor the physical barriers
E) improve the effectiveness of medicines are very effective against bacterial infections
prescribed by doctors
E) both physical and chemical barriers need to be
strengthened by artificial drugs to be effective
49. Upon reading the passage, one can say that -
---..
cevaplaynz.
A) the discovery of the New World was generally

greeted with dismay
From themid-fifteenth century on, most of Europe had
enjoyed steady economic growth,and the discovery of B) an increase in the volume of money in
the New World seemed the basis of greater prosperity circulation causes a rise in prices
tocome. By the middle of the sixteenth century,
however, the situation changed.Nothing like the C) the worst problem a country ever has to face is
upward price trend that affected Western Europe in a serious food shortage
the secondhalf of the sixteenth century had ever
D) the discovery of the New World brought more
happened before. Since Europespopulation began to problems to Europe than benefits
grow vastly and the food supply remained constant,
foodprices were driven sharply higher by the E) after the sixteenth century Europe was never
increased demand. At the same time,wages again faced with such a spiral of rising prices
stagnated or even declined. On the other hand, the
enormous influx ofsilver from Spanish America into 50. One can infer from the passage that, in the
Europe, where much of it was minted intocoins, second half of the sixteenth century, the
caused a dramatic increase in the volume of money in people of Europe realized that ----..
circulation. This,of course, fuelled the spiral of rising
prices.
A) their dreams of prosperity had no basis
B) they could look forward to a more prosperous

future
47. The main aim of the passage is to present -
---.. C) the New World could offer them a better life
A) the excitement that was caused by the arrival D) they would have to fight for higher wages
of large amounts of silver from Spanish
E) the lives of ordinary people varied very little
America
from one century to the next
B) a picture of the steady economic growth of
Europe over the centuries
C) how an increase in the food supply in Europe

was achieved
D) the reasons for the rapid growth in the

population of Europe
E) the basic reasons for the economic turbulence

Europe had to face in the sixteenth century
A) the political instability that Europe suffered

from in the mid-sixteenth century was largely
caused by the food shortage
B) the discovery of the New World brought great

welfare to Europe in the mid-sixteenth century
C) Europeans were better off in the second half of

the fifteenth century
D) people benefited greatly from the influx of

silver into Europe
E) very little is known about the history of Europe

in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries
52. It is pointed out in the passage that, while
the European powers were competing with
cevaplaynz. each other for colonization overseas, ----..
A) their main concern was how to benefit from the

In 1914, Europe had built a seemingly stable
geopolitical importance of their colonies
peace.Through the complex negotiations of great
power geopolitics, Europe had settled into two B) they were also involved in an escalating
systems of alliance: the Allied Powers which consisted process of rearmament
of Britain, France and Russia, and the Central Powers
that included Germany, Austria, and Italy. Within this C) they held the view that technological
superiority was essential for the exploitation of
balance of power, the nations of Europe challenged
their colonies
one another for economic, military, and imperial
advantage. The rivalry for colonies abroad D) they held various negotiations for the
accompanied a fierce arms race at home, where prevention of a possible war that would destroy
military leaders assumed that superior technology Europe
and larger armies would result in a quick victory in a
European war. Indeed, in the prevailing atmosphere E) it seemed to many politicians that international
problems could be solved through negotiations
of international suspicion, such a war seemed likely to
many of Europes political and military leaders. Yet
none of them predicted that the war would break out 53. The writer asserts in the passage that the
so soon. Nor did many expect that the assassination peace in Europe in 1914 ----..
in June 1914 of the Austrian archduke and his wife
would spark off that war, which engulfed all of A) was essentially the achievement of political and
Europein just over a months time. military leaders
B) was maintained efficiently by the Allied Powers
51. It is suggested in the passage that, when the C) mainly depended on superior technology and
Austrian archduke and his wife were very strong armies
assassinated in June 1914, ----..
D) seemed a lasting one, but it was, in fact, fragile
A) the European balance of power was not E) was not affected at all by the assassination of
affected by this incident, and the European the Austrian archduke
peace was maintained
B) the British government immediately began 54. According to the passage, although Europe
negotiations for an alliance with France and had achieved a balance of power by 1914, -
Russia ---..
C) Austria turned to Germany and Italy for an

alliance and declared war on Britain and France A) Germany, Austria and Italy continued their
efforts to build very large armies and began to
D) most European leaders did not think that this challenge the Allied Powers
incident would soon lead to a war
B) European leaders encouraged the development
E) many European leaders believed that this was of advanced technologies for a comprehensive
a plot of the Allied Powers against the Central victory
Powers
C) this did not prevent the European nations from
challenging each other for various advantages
D) military leaders strongly argued that larger

armies were needed in order to protect the
colonies overseas
E) political leaders were extremely suspicious of

military leaders and, therefore, did their best to
prevent a war
57. It is stated in the passage that, since Pluto is
sofar away from Earth, ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) its regions and poles can best be studied

through a powerful telescope
Pluto, which was until recently regarded as the
outermost and smallest planet in the solar system, B) almost nothing is known about even its exterior
has never been visited by an exploring spacecraft. So
little is known about it that it is difficult to classify. Its C) the density of the methane in its atmosphere
distance from Earth is so great that the Hubble cannot be measured
SpaceTelescope cannot reveal its surface
D) the Hubble Space Telescope clearly shows how
features.Appropriately named for the Roman god of
completely frozen its surface is
the underworld, it must be frozen, dark, and dead. Its
mean distance from the Sun is 5, 900 million E) only some minor explorations have so far been
kilometres. In fact, it has the most eccentric orbit in made by means of a spacecraft
the solar system, bringing it at times closer to the Sun
than Neptune. Furthermore, there is evidence that 58. As is stated in the passage, from the data
Pluto has an atmosphere, containing methane, and a provided by the Hubble Space Telescope
polar ice cap that increases and decreases in size about Pluto ----..
with Plutos seasons. It is not known to have
water.The Hubble Space Telescopes faint-object
A) some scientists have suggested that its
camera revealed light and dark regions on Pluto,
exploration ought to be started soon
indicating an ice cap at the north pole. It is not known
if there is an ice cap at Plutos south pole. B) one can conclude that it has a climate which is
stable and temperate
C) it has a dull surface with absolutely no variety

55. According to the passage, Plutos orbit
around the Sun ----.. D) it is understood that there is an ice cap on its
north pole
A) takes so long that each of its seasons has a E) one becomes aware of the fact that every
long period planet in the solar system has a similar cycle of
seasons
B) has not yet been described accurately
C) brings it, on occasion, closer than Neptune to

the Sun
D) follows a pattern which is uniform and stable
E) has been studied again and again through the

Hubble Space Telescope
56. As is pointed out in the passage, Pluto ----..
A) is on the outer edge of the solar system
B) has extensive ice caps at both its poles
C) was a major god in antiquity, worshipped by

the Romans as well as by other peoples
D) and Neptune seem to have similar orbits that

bring them closer to the Sun
E) looks so dark that nothing whatsoever can be

observed on it
61. One similarity between spores and seeds
pointed out in the passage is that ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) both of them are self-sufficient

The primary means of reproduction and dispersal for B) they can both stay alive for a very long time,
Earths most successful plants is seeds, which waiting for a good time to germinate
develop from the female gametophyte and its
associated tissues. Seed plants show the greatest C) their plants both thrive in terrestrial
evolutionary complexity in the plant kingdom and are environments
the dominant plants in most terrestrial
D) they are both protected by a hard covering
environments.Seeds are reproductively superior to
spores for three main reasons. First, a seed contains a E) they both have multicellular structures
multicellular, well-developed young plant with
embryonic root, stem, and leaves already formed,
62. It is clear from the passage that ----..
whereas a spore isa single cell. Second, a seed
contains a food supply.After germination, the plant
embryo is nourished by food stored in the seed until it A) the food stored in seeds can serve to
becomes selfsufficient.Because a spore is a single germinate plants, but not to nourish animals
cell, few food reserves exist for the plant that
B) seeds and seed plants have been intimately
develops from aspore. Third, a seed is protected by a
connected with the development of human
resistant seed coat. Like spores, seeds can live for civilization
extended periods of time at reduced rates of
metabolism, germinating when conditions become C) plants coming from seeds are more commonly
favourable. found than those coming from spores
D) flowering plants are extremely diverse
59. It can be understood from the passage that - E) the ovules contained in some seeds are
---. . protected while those in others are not
A) seeds cannot be dispersed as easily as spores
B) spores, like seeds, develop from a plants

female gametophyte and its associated tissues
C) spores contain an adequate food supply within

their single cell
D) spores are a better method of plant

reproduction than seeds
E) seeds are much more complex in structure

than spores
60. The passage, as a whole, ----..
A) shows the superiority of seeds to spores as a

reproductive method for plants
B) focuses on spores and their advantages as a

reproductive method for plants
C) describes the evolutionary complexity of seeds
D) stresses the similarities between seeds and

spores
E) explains the differences in nourishment

between seeds and spores
65. Susan : Do you know that every year 130
million tonnes of Americas trash ends up in
bo braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek landfills?
ifadeyi bulunuz. Harry : Oh, yes, I certainly do, and more than
that.
Susan : ----
Harry : Well, together all these landfills emit
63. John : The economic rather than political more of the greenhouse gas methane than
aspect of European colonialism has always any other human-related source..
interested me.
Francis : I know. It is clear from most of the
papers you have presented so far. So you A) Is it true that some American building
think that colonial exploitation in the past companies use inorganic refuse such as metals
was the major source of Europes economic in roadbeds and heavy construction?
prosperity.
John : ---- B) Do you mean engineers have developed an
Francis : Agreed. Indeed, it is impossible to efficient way of dealing with trash?
imagine this prosperity without them..
C) What do you mean exactly? You seem to be
implying something.
A) Actually, Britains American colonies had no
significant mineral wealth and, therefore, they D) America produces more trash than any other
turned to agriculture. country in the world, doesnt it?
B) Moreover, as far as I am concerned, the E) Dont you think such a huge volume of trash
Spanish colonial economy was dominated by can be processed to produce electricity?
mining.
66. Harry : Today, at the conference, two
C) On the other hand, the Portuguese government
professors were involved in a fierce debate
allowed only Portuguese merchants to trade
about the Marshall Plan. They really got on
with their own colonies.
each others nerves. Janet : Sorry, dear. I
D) Absolutely. For instance, Europes growing know nothing about the Marshall Plan. You
wealth in the eighteenth century was simply must first tell me about it. Harry : ---- Janet : I
the result of its colonial possessions. see. Since it was certainly to the benefit of
Europe, I cant understand why the two
E) To compete with the British, the French professors should quarrel about it..
government encouraged the development of
sugar-producing colonies in the West Indies.
A) As far as I am concerned, among the most
striking aspects of World War IIs aftermath was
64. Bill : As a firm, we are doing our best for fuel the speed with which Germany was
improvement. reintegrated into Europe.
Bob : Indeed, we must develop new
technologies to reduce the environmental B) Indeed, the United States countered the
impact of gasoline and diesel. expansion of Soviet power and kept communist
Bill : ---- movements based in Europe.
Bob : Yes, of course. Also you know we have
already developed an innovative formula C) It was an American programme that started in
designed to help reduce fuel consumption.. 1948 and provided $13 billion in aid for the
industrial redevelopment and economic
recovery of Europe.
A) Have other firms been investing in long-term
solutions like hydrogen fuel? D) The American government forced certain terms
on the countries participating in the Marshall
B) Can you tell me how we can produce fuels from Plan such as decontrol of prices, restraints on
lots of different sources in order to meet the wages, and balanced budgets.
growing demand?
E) On the other hand, the Soviets viewed the
C) Dont you think the solution is a combination of Marshall Plan as the United States deliberate
cleaner fuels and cleaner engines? intervention in Europes affairs and, therefore,
strongly objected to it.
D) How can we produce lead-free and low-sulphur
fuels?
E) Is the burning of coal and gas for lighting,

heating, and cooking one of the causes of local
air pollution?
67. Amy :- Theres a saying that goes: Theres 70. Take-off was delayed again and again, so we
no time like the present. What does it began to wonder if there was something
mean? seriously wrong with the aircraft..
Cindi :- ----
Amy :- Something like: Do it now! or Dont
put it off till tomorrow. A) Unless the problem were serious, they wouldnt
Cindi :- Thats exactly right.. have delayed the flight for so long.
B) If there had been no problem with the aircraft,

A) I presume it means the present time. they wouldnt have delayed take-off like that.
B) Ive no idea. Forget it. C) The flight was postponed indefinitely, so we

presumed there was engine-trouble.
C) Dont ask me. I never can understand proverbs.
D) We began to feel that there might be a real
D) How should I know? Do your own homework. problem with the aircraft as take-off was
continually being delayed.
E) Id have thought it was obvious. Make a guess.
E) We assumed that, since there was a problem
with the aircraft, they were obliged to delay
68. - 71.sorularda, verilen cmleye anlamca take off indefinitely.
71. The last time I talked to him, he told me that
the business was doing well; but apparently
that's not the case now!.
68. Citrus trees thrive on wide range of soils, but
well-drained and slightly acid types are most
suitable.. A) When we last met, the business was doing well
or so he said; but I fear that is hardly the case
any longer.
A) The ideal soil for citrus trees is one which is
well-drained and rather acid; they do not do B) The account he gave of the business the last
well in other types. time we spoke, was a favourable one, but now
I'm not too sure,
B) Though citrus trees prefer a well-drained and
slightly acid soil, they do well in many other C) The last time we met he assured me that all
types. was going well with the business, but I don't
know what's happening now.
C) Citrus trees grow in many different places, but
the soil must always be well-drained and fairly D) When we last spoke he seemed confident that
acid. the business was picking up, but obviously it's
not doing so now!
D) The well-drained and rather acid soil that suits
citrus trees is the most common of soil types. E) When we last spoke together, he said the
business was doing fine; but now, it seems,'
E) Citrus trees are particular about the soil on things are rather different.
which they grow and do best on well-drained
and slightly acid soil types.
69. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the

Latin language continued to change and
evolve as it had always done..
A) Latin began to develop and transform after the

collapse of the Roman Empire.
B) Latin was a changing and evolving language,

and this did not change after the Roman
Empires collapse.
C) Following the fall of the Roman Empire, Latin

transformed into an almost new language.
D) Latin remained a prestigious language in many

countries after the fall of the Roman Empire.
E) The Latin language owed much of its progress

to the Roman Empire even after its fall.
73. Conflict is a struggle between opposing sides
or forces. In a play, the characters act out the
parada anlam btnln salamak iin conflict, and ultimately their actions result in
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz. a resolution, or outcome. External conflict is
a struggle between a character and an
outside force, such as another person,
nature, or fate. ---- A character can express
72. Recent studies have revealed that heart internal conflict as well as external conflict
disease had plagued man long before fried through actions, facial expressions, and
hamburgers and cigarettes came along. For dialogue..
instance, the upper classes of ancient Egypt
were riddled with cardiovascular disease that
dramatically raised their risk of heart attacks A) Thus, external or internal, conflicts arouse
and strokes. Doctors made the discovery interest among viewers.
after taking hospital X-ray scans of 20
Egyptian mummies that date back more than B) Also, plays often point to cues as to when an
3, 500 years. ---- In some of the individuals, internal conflict is likely to occur
up to six different arteries were affected..
C) Likewise, dialogues contain a variety of both
internal and external conflicts.
A) Atherosclerosis is widespread today and,
despite the differences between ancient and D) Furthermore, a characters conflict is often
modern life styles, it seems to have also been obvious from his or her facial expressions.
common among ancient Egyptians.
E) However, internal conflict is a struggle within
B) It was impossible to determine what kind of the characters own mind.
diet the Egyptians had, but it is known that
beef, duck, and goose were often on the menu 74. For advertisers, the most important
at this time. classification of advertisements is by the
type of consumer, and they spend huge
C) The medical team, whose findings were
amounts of money and effort in trying to
published in a leading American medical
divide up the public so that it can be more
journal, analyzed bones in the mummies to
precisely targeted. This process entails
work out their ages when they had died.
endless discussions about whether the best
D) It was unclear whether atherosclerosis had divisions are those of lifestyle, socioeconomic
caused the demise of any of the mummies in class, personality type, or of something else
the study. altogether. Then there is the fact that certain
products are more often bought by men than
E) The scans revealed signs of atherosclerosis, a by women, by the rich, by a certain age
life-threatening condition where fat and group, and so on. ----.
calcium build up in the arteries, clogging them
and stiffening their walls.
A) The advertiser must anticipate a prospective
customers preferences and persuade him to
buy the product in question.
B) Advertising has become too widespread

geographically and too multifaceted in terms of
media for any study to be comprehensive.
C) Nevertheless, the issue of defining an ad is

closely linked to that of defining its categories.
D) In other words, when an ad appears on a wall

or even a shirt, it is not the substance of this
environment that matters, but its social
meaning.
E) So a given advertising approach will have far

more of an effect on one group than on
another.
75. A virus is an infectious organism that is much 77. (I) Labour unions arose in the late 1800s and
smaller than a fungus or bacterium, and it early 1900s largely in response to the awful
needs a living cell in order to reproduce. The working conditions in factories. (II) Unions try
virus attaches to a cell, often a specific type to increase the wages of their members in
of cell. Once inside the cell, the virus three ways. (III) In garment factories, iron
releases its DNA or RNA, which contains the plants and textile mills, labourers worked
information needed to create new virus about 14 hours per day, seven days a week.
particles, and takes control of some aspects (IV) The long workweek was not new to those
of the cells metabolism. ----. who had worked on farms, but the working
conditions were. (V) Men, women and
children as young as 5 operated clattering
A) The body has a number of specific and machinery so dangerous that many workers
nonspecific defences against these viruses of lost their sight, hearing and limbs..
animal origin.
B) Bacteria-caused diseases, however, are A) I

treatable through simple antibiotics.
B) II
C) The components of the virus are then
manufactured inside the cell. C) III
D) The most common viral infections are probably D) IV

those of the lungs and airways.
E) V
E) Vaccines resembling the virus can be given to
people to help them overcome the infection.
78. (I) With shipping predicted to increase
threefold within the next 30 years, there are
plans for a zero-emissions ferry. (II) It will
catch the wind through computer-controlled
okunduunda parann anlam btnln sails covered by solar cells to generate extra
bozan cmleyi bulunuz. electricity. (III) The vessel will have a main
hull surrounded by four side hulls, cutting
drag.(IV) This will also eliminate the need for
ballast water, which can have a negative
76. (I) Almost everyone has experienced environmental impact.(V) Shipping is one of
heartburn at one time or another, usually the cheaper ways of transporting goods
after a meal.(II) Heartburn is the painful across the vast oceans of our planet..
sensation a person feels when the cardiac
sphincter fails to prevent the stomach
contents from refluxing into the A) I
esophagus.(III) As a matter of fact, anyone
who has heart trouble should consult a B) II
doctor. (IV) This may happen if a person eats
or drinks too much or both. (V) Tight clothing C) III
and even changes of position (lying down,
D) IV
bending over) can cause it, too, as can some
medications and smoking.. E) V
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
79. (I) In November 1859, British biologist
Charles R.Darwin published one of the most
important and controversial books ever
written. (II) Entitled On the Origin of Species
by Means of Natural Selection, Darwins book
was an immediate bestseller.(III) Darwins
second point was to propose a mechanism for
evolution. (IV) This book soon made his name
almost synonymous with the concept of
evolution. (V) For this reason, Darwin stands
out in history with people like Newton and
Einstein, scientists who synthesized ideas
with great explanatory power..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
80. (I) Migration is a very precise evolutionary

adaptation to seasonal changes, but the
benefits of migration are not without cost.
(II) Many weeks may be spent each year on
energy-demanding journeys. (III) Some
animals may become lost or die along the
way.(IV) Green turtles migrate more than 2,
000 kilometres across open ocean between
their feeding area off the coast of Brazil and
their nesting place on Ascension Island. (V)
And migrating individuals are often at
greater risk from predators in unfamiliar
areas..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 E 41 A
2 D 42 B
3 D 43 A
4 B 44 C
5 A 45 E
6 C 46 B
7 A 47 E
8 B 48 C
9 E 49 B
10 D 50 A
11 E 51 D
12 E 52 B
13 A 53 D
14 C 54 C
15 B 55 C
16 D 56 A
17 E 57 B
18 B 58 D
19 D 59 E
20 C 60 A
21 A 61 B
22 E 62 C
23 C 63 D
24 A 64 C
25 B 65 C
26 D 66 C
27 E 67 E
28 A 68 B
29 D 69 B
30 D 70 D
31 A 71 E
32 E 72 E
33 B 73 E
34 D 74 E
35 A 75 C
36 A 76 C
37 E 77 B
38 E 78 E
39 B 79 C
40 C 80 D
10
5. All science is ---- the fact that every natural
event has a natural cause..
bulunuz.
A) come across
B) put through
1. In the Philippines, with its numerous scandals
and continuing power struggle, the public is C) carried on
frustrated, and economic ---- is in jeopardy..
D) based on
A) progress E) set off
B) decline 6. An important aspect of the application of

mathematics is that different ways of making
C) recession
mathematical sense of everyday questions -
D) depression --- different answers..
E) failure
A) keep up
2. The worlds forests provide many ---- B) bring over

benefits, such as prevention of soil erosion,
as well as commercially important timber.. C) lead to
D) show off
A) severe
E) find out
B) dependent
7. Twenty years ago, the study of aging ----
C) extinct
as somewhat misdirected, but now it ---- into
D) desperate an important science..
E) valuable
A) was regarded / has developed
3. In an aircraft, the cabin lights are dimmed B) had been regarded / would develop
during take-off and landing to help
passengers to ---- themselves to darkness in C) has been regarded / would be developing
the event of an emergency..
D) would have been regarded / had developed
A) modify E) was being regarded / has been developing
B) accustom 8. A theory ---- only when a hypothesis ----

by consistent results from many observations
C) resume
or experiment..
D) associate
A) may have been developed / was being
E) relate
supported
4. In cancer care, Britain still compares ---- with B) can be developed / has been supported
other similar countries in five-year survival
rates after diagnosis.. C) will be developed / was supported
D) has been developed / had been supported

A) vainly
E) had been developed / might have been
B) unfavourably supported
C) unreservedly
D) consciously
E) infrequently
9. From Antarctica to the Galapagos Islands, 14. The scheme has been ---- consideration for a
penguins find themselves threatened by long time now, but I doubt whether it will
human activity ---- overfishing, oil spills, and ever be put ---- effect..
global warming..
A) under / into
A) such as
B) within / through
B) much more
C) for / to
C) so much
D) in / off
D) the most
E) over / ever
E) much like
15. Sugar causes a decline in tissue elasticity
10. ---- the annual influx of tourists exceeds and function; ---- sugar you eat, ---- elasticity
Corsicas population six times, tourism has and function you lose..
not destroyed the place..
A) the more / the more

A) As long as
B) not only / but also
B) Unless
C) either / or
C) Now that
D) nor / and
D) Because
E) as / as
E) Even though
16. Most milk-consuming countries have a local
11. Of all the medicines we have tested, this is dairy farming industry, and most producing
obviously ---- effective.. countries ---- significant subsidies and trade
barriers ---- domestic producers from foreign
competition..
A) much
B) more A) may maintain / being protected
C) the most B) is maintaining / protecting
D) a little C) maintained / protected
E) less D) has maintained / to be protected
E) maintain / to protect
12. The Hollywood studio system in film making,
which began ---- 1920 and flourished from the
early 1930s ---- the 1950s is unique in
Western culture..
A) throughout / into
B) around / through
C) by / until
D) within / over
E) along / till
13. ---- the terms of the forthcoming trade

agreement, Japan wins parity ---- the United
States..
A) Through / above
B) By / of
C) From / from
D) Under / with
E) After / over
21. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) similarly
B) extraordinarily
People who (I)---- inmalaria-infested areas or who C) commonly

travel to them can take certain (II)----. Theycan use
long-lasting insecticide sprays in homes and out D) fairly
buildings, placescreens (III) ---- doors and windows,
E) particularly
use mosquito netting over their beds, andapply
mosquito repellents on their skin. They can (IV) ----
wear enoughclothing, (V) ---- after sundown, to
protect as much of the skin as possibleagainst
mosquito bites.
17. I.
A) reduce
B) live
C) discharge
D) expose
E) persist
18. II.
A) precautions
B) supplements
C) occurrences
D) setbacks
E) levels
19. III.
A) beyond
B) of
C) with
D) on
E) till
20. IV.
A) either
B) more than
C) also
D) as such
E) as well as
26. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) subtract
B) allow
Scientists have been researchingviable alternatives to C) provide

petroleum ever since the energy crisis of the1970s.
Asa result, in recent years, the world market for wind D) repeat
turbines (I)---- by anaverage of 40 percent annually.
E) respect
Last year alone, wind-power productionworldwide (II)
---- by almost a third.(III) ---- wind plants you build,
thecheaper and more powerful you can make them. 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
Turbine makers now (IV) ---- giantmachines that once ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
existed only in theory. Today one standard turbine
can (V)---- at least 1 megawatt of power, more than
double the amount produced 20years ago. This is
enough power for as many as 800 modern 27. Whenever I hear him speak, ----..
households.
A) I am impressed by his ability to convince
B) it reminded me of my father
22. I.
C) there was a great deal of truth in what he said
A) would have grown
D) we remember similar experiences
B) will grow
E) his opponent objected to the interruption
C) will have grown
28. ----, but he always avoided Italy on principle..
D) has grown
E) would grow A) Eugne Delacroix, the famous French painter,

was born in 1798
23. II.
B) In his early life, the French painter Delacroix
seemed to be interested in diplomacy
A) decided
C) Delacroix, the nineteenth-century French
B) remained painter, travelled a good deal
C) fluctuated D) The work of the French painter Delacroix

strongly influenced the Impressionist painters
D) produced
E) Delacroix was one of the most prolific of
E) increased painters
24. III. 29. Since all countries need to trade, ----..
A) The more A) isolation from other societies may bring some

advantages
B) As much
B) France and Germany have highly
C) How much interdependent economies
D) As few C) too much economic dependence causes a

country to be affected by events in other
E) The little countries
D) today, Bhutan is one example of economic

25. IV.
near-independence
A) had produced E) no country has complete economic

independence from other countries
B) are producing
C) would produce
D) having produced
E) would have to produce

30. ---- so he agreed to write the foreword for it.. 34. Mary phoned to give me the good news ----..
A) I shall do my best to persuade him A) however unlikely it would have been
B) This wont be one of my best books B) which none of us are expecting
C) He still hasnt read the book C) just as I was leaving the house
D) I wish youd recommended the book to him D) even if her sisters are going to be unreasonably
jealous
E) He thought the idea behind the book was
brilliant E) until the whole family knew every detail
31. If the balance of nature is disturbed, ----.. 35. One really ought to visit Singapore soon, ----..
A) there has obviously been great cause for A) before all signs of its past have disappeared
concern
B) if the old and the new still existed side by side
B) the result may be a number of possibly
unforeseen effects C) that many of its buildings have already been
restored
C) this would usually have been the result of
mans interference D) until the Orchid Garden was reopened
D) the extinction of one species has left another E) as there was excellent seafood to be found in
species without a natural predator its many restaurants
E) the struggle to exist has continued

36. After take-off, the pilot of an aircraft is often
given a course to steer ----..
32. All opposition to the project vanished ----..
A) though the air traffic control officer will still be

A) as soon as everyone realized how much money using field glasses
they could earn through it
B) whether the weather conditions were suitable
B) after financial support has finally been or not
promised
C) since he will be watched by direct visual means
C) which has attracted so much attention from the control tower unless there is fog
D) if it seemed likely that it wouldnt take up too D) until a specific reporting point or height is
much time reached
E) as more and more people are starting to work E) so long as the landing gear retracts correctly
on it in their free time
33. A job interview is a chance for you to find out

----..
A) since first impressions are of great importance
B) as if you really were the one they were looking

for
C) if you are going to prepare some relevant

questions
D) whether you and the job are right for each

other
E) so long as you are able to relax

39. Osmanl imparatorluu dneminde,
Selanik ehrinde ilk futbol man
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke dzenleyenler, ngiliz ttn ve pamuk
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi tccarlaryd..
bulunuz.
A) It was during the period of the Ottoman Empire

that the first football match in the city of
37. Ortaa haritalar Hollandann neredeyse Salonika was organized by British tobacco and
yarsn su altnda gsterir, ama o zamandan cotton traders.
beri denizden geni alanlar kazanlmtr. .
B) It was British tobacco and cotton traders who
organized the first football match in the city of
A) In medieval maps nearly half of the Salonika during the period of the Ottoman
Netherlands is under water, but since then the Empire.
sea has withdrawn from large areas.
C) The first football match to be organized by
B) Large areas of what is now the Netherlands British tobacco and cotton traders was in the
have often been claimed from the sea, but in city of Salonika during the period of the
medieval maps they were under water. Ottoman Empire.
C) Nearly half of the Netherlands does not exist on D) British tobacco and cotton traders held their
medieval maps but later large areas were first football match in Salonika during the time
recovered from the sea. of the Ottoman Empire.
D) Medieval maps show that large areas of the E) The first football match to be held in Salonika
Netherlands used to be under the sea, but they was during the time of the Ottoman Empire and
have since been reclaimed. was organized by British tobacco and cotton
traders.
E) Medieval maps show nearly half of the
Netherlands under water, but since then large
areas have been claimed from the sea. 40. Contrary to popular belief, it is not Earths
magnetic field that shields people on the
ground from cosmic rays, but rather the bulk
38. 1 Mays 2004'te on yeni lkenin Avrupa of the atmosphere..
Birlii'ne girii Demir Perde ile zorla
blnm bir ktann bir araya geliini
simgelemektedir.. A) Yeryzndeki insanlar kozmik nlardan
atmosferin deil daha ok yerkrenin manyetik
alannn koruduu, yaygn bir yanl inantr.
A) The entrance, on1 May 2004, of ten new
countries to the European Union symbolizes the B) Halkn inandndan farkl olarak, yeryzndeki
coming together of a continent forced apart by insanlar yalnz atmosferin kalnl deil
the Iron Curtain. yerkrenin manyetik alan da kozmik nlardan
korumaktadr.
B) Ten new countries joined European Union on
1May 2004 symbolizing the reunion of a C) Yaygn inancn tersine, yerkre kozmik
continent forced apart by the Iron Curtain. nlardan kendi manyetik alanndan ok
atmosferin kalnl sayesinde
C) On 1 May 2004, when ten new countries korunabilmektedir.
entered the European Union, the forced division
of a continent by the Iron Curtain symbolically D) Yaygn inancn tersine, yeryzndeki insanlar
came to an end. kozmik nlardan koruyan, yerkrenin
manyetik alan deil daha ok atmosferin
D) The entrance of ten new countries to the kalnldr.
European Union on 1 May 2004 can also be
regarded as symbolizing the reunion of a E) Yeryzn evreleyen kaln atmosferin yan sra
continent forced apart by the Iron Curtain. yerin manyetik alannn da insanlar kozmik
nlardan koruduuna yaygn olarak
E) With the entrance of ten new countries to the inanlmaktadr.
European Union on 1 May 2004, the symbolic
division of a continent by the Iron Curtain was
finally broken.
41. In the last century, much attention was given
to the language of literature and the
question of whether there was in fact a
separate literary language..
A) Geen yzylda, edebiyat dili ok ilgi ekmi ve

gerekte apayr bir edeb dil olup olmad
sorusu zerinde nemle durulmutur
B) Geen yzylda, edebiyat dili ok ilgi ekmi ve

apayr bir edeb dil olup olmad sorusu hep
tartlmtr.
C) Geen yzylda, edebiyat diline ve gerekte

ayr bir edeb dil olup olmad sorusuna ok ilgi
gsterilmitir.
D) Edebiyat dilinin ne olduu ve apayr bir edeb

dilin gerekten var olup olmad sorusu, geen
yzylda ok ilgi ekmitir.
E) Edebiyat dili geen yzylda ok tartlmtr ve

gerekte ayr bir edeb dilin olup olmad
sorusu ele alnmtr.
42. Owing to infertility treatments, the

percentage of twin births in the US has
nearly doubled in the past 20 years. .
A) Son 20 ylda says ikiye katlanan ksrlk

tedavileri nedeniyle, ABDde ikiz doum oran
ok artt.
B) ABDde ksrlk tedavisinde son 20 ylda grlen

art, ikiz doum orann iki kattan fazla
ykseltti.
C) Ksrlk tedavilerindeki hemen hemen 20 yl

sren art, ABDde ikiz doum orannn ikiye
katlanmasna neden oldu.
D) Ksrlk tedavilerinden dolay, ABDde ikiz

doum oran son 20 ylda hemen hemen ikiye
katland.
E) ABDde giderek yaygnlaan ksrlk tedavileri,

son 20 ylda ikiz doum orannn ikiye
katlanmasna neden oldu.
45. The passage points out that the best
conditions for diversity of bacteria species -
cevaplaynz. ---..
A) so far seem to exist in soil having a neutral pH

Despite bacterias presence in all parts of the planet,
their diversity in the worlds soils is poorly B) were found in the Peruvian Amazon region
understood. To better understand what makes the
organisms thrive, Duke University researchers C) have not yet been discovered
trekked far and wide to collect a few centimetres of
D) have now been fully researched
dirt as samples from 98 locations across North and
South America, then analyzed each sample for E) are found in a few centimetres of dirt
genetic variation. To their surprise, the strongest
predictor of high diversity was neutral pH. The acidic
soil of the Peruvian Amazon, for example, harboured 46. It is clear from the passage that the
researchers from Duke University ----..
far fewer bacterial species than did the neutral dirt of
the arid American Southwest. There are a lot of
variables that didnt turn out to be very important, A) do not plan to do any more research into
says the researcher Robert Jackson, who adds that a bacterial diversity
more complete search for different habitats might
B) were more interested in the American
turn up other stimulators of diversity, such as carbon
Southwest than in the Amazon basin
abundance.
C) have largely focused on the types of bacteria
found in acidic soil
43. According to the passage, scientists were D) have carried out their fieldwork to throw light
surprised that ----.. upon the causes of bacterial diversity
E) had difficulty in trekking during their search

A) they had to trek to so many different areas to
conduct their research into bacterial species
diversity
B) carbon abundance was revealed to be the most

important predictor of diversity of bacterial
species
C) bacteria is present in all parts of the planet
D) the arid American Southwest is home to many

more species of bacteria than the lush Peruvian
Amazon
E) they would have to perform more complete

research in the future
44. It is understood from the passage that

further research must be carried out ----..
A) because the previous research was not

conducted properly
B) in order to find other indicators of diversity in

bacterial species
C) so that all the bacterial species of North and

South America can be identified
D) to determine exactly the genetic variations of

bacterial species
E) so that scientists can increase the diversity of

bacterial species
49. As one understands from the passage, Sir
William Jones ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) made fundamental changes in the judicial

system of eighteenth-century India
In 1786 Sir William Jones, a British judge serving in
India, made a discovery that transformed knowledge B) was a professional linguist and spent his time
about prehistory and began the formal study of in India by the study of Sanskrit
historical linguistics. Turning his spare time towards
the study of Sanskrit, the ancient language from C) rejected the view that the European Celtic
which the predominant languages of the South Asian languages derived from a common source
subcontinent derive, Jones discovered that Sanskrit
D) studied Sanskrit only when he was free from his
shares features of grammar and vocabulary with Latin judicial responsibilities
and ancient Greek to an extent inexplicable by sheer
coincidence. His interest further aroused, he then E) was very interested in the prehistory of India
examined the early Germanic language called'Gothic', and made several discoveries
the ancient Celtic languages of Europe, and Old
Persian, and found that they, too, exhibited marked 50. According to the passage, the beginnings of
similarities to Sanskrit. He concluded that all these historical linguistics ----..
languages must have evolved from a common but
now-extinct linguistic source. In the early nineteenth
A) were marked by the discovery in the
century, both this ancient language and the later
eighteenth century that the languages of the
languages that derived from it, were labelled' Indo- South Asian subcontinent had evolved from
European, ' reflecting their wide distribution from Sanskrit
India and Ireland.
B) can be dated back to the early nineteenth
century when the term Indo-European was
introduced
47. One can conclude from the passage that
Gothic----.. C) are traced back to the work of Sir William Jones
in the eighteenth century
A) originally derived from Latin and had the same D) have always been controversial, since Sir
grammatical features William Joness theory about the Indo-European
languages was based on a false assumption
B) had no relationship whatsoever with Sanskrit
and other languages E) were confined only to Joness study of Sanskrit
and did not include his study of the other Indo-
C) was an old language which was spoken European languages
throughout Europe, including Ireland
D) was the only language in which Sir William

Jones took a special interest
E) was the language spoken by early Germanic

peoples
48. It is pointed out in the passage that Sanskrit

----..
A) is the only language which is widely spoken

among the peoples of South Asia
B) and other Indo-European languages are closely

related with each other
C) was first studied by Sir William Jones in the

eighteenth century
D) was the most ancient language from which

Latin and Greek have evolved
E) has a grammatical structure which is entirely

different from that of Old Persian
52. As is clear from the passage, Keynes ----..
cevaplaynz.72. - 75.sorularda, bo
braklan yere, parada anlam btnln A) differed little from his contemporaries in his
salamak iin getirilebilecek cmleyi economic theories
bulunuz.
B) had much trust in the free market, which he
believed had a positive impact on the economy
of the 1930s
During the economic depression that affected the
whole Western world in the 1930s, with its mass C) did not think that the economic depression of
unemployment, poverty and other social ills, the 1930s was serious enough to justify
government interference
governments, for the most part, did nothing. The
accepted wisdom was that, given time, the free D) firmly believed that government intervention in
market would solve its own problems and that the management of the economy could be
government interference would only make things necessary
worse. John Maynard Keynes, the British economist
who challenged this belief, argued that it was the E) argued that economic prosperity should not be
proper responsibility of governments to prevent both the prime aim of any government
booms and recessions in order to maintain gradual
economic growth and permanent full employment. He 53. It is pointed out in the passage that, due to
maintained that this could be done by manipulating the economic depression in the West in the
taxation, credit and public expenditure. If the 1930s, ----..
economy was growing too fast, then money and,
therefore, demand could be taken out of the economy A) most governments curbed public expenditure
by higher taxes, lower government spending and by and changed their system of taxation
making it harder to borrow money. If there was
recession and growing unemployment, then the B) there was unemployment on a very large scale
government could put money into the economy
C) the increasing demand for goods had to be
through lower taxes, higher public expenditure and
prevented through harsh economic policies
easier credit. Thus, demand could be encouraged. If,
as a result, there was money in peoples pockets, D) many governments introduced a series of
then more would be spent on goods and more people measures to solve social problems
would be needed to make the goods to fulfil the extra
demand, and this would reduce unemployment. E) it was almost impossible for people to borrow
money
54. As it is stated in the passage, in the 1930s, -

51. According to the Keynesian argument
---..
summarized in the passage, in order to bring
down unemployment, ----..
A) all governments in the West carefully followed
the economic policies proposed by Keynes
A) new economic policies would be formulated by
the government, so that demand could be B) permanent full employment was achieved
curbed through an efficient implementation of free
market policies
B) governments would follow a policy of
nonintervention in the economy and allow the C) governments generally felt that the free market
problem to be solved through the free market was the only way of solving the problems of the
depression
C) the government had to make new loans
available for businesses at very high interest D) despite high unemployment, people had so
rates much money that the demand for goods could
not be controlled
D) the government would prefer to increase
taxation, so that people would spend less E) the British government gave Keynes full
responsibility to improve the economy
E) one of several measures to be introduced by
the government would be to encourage an
increase in public spending
57. As pointed out in the passage, the idea that
mathematics and physics differ from each
cevaplaynz. other ----..
A) has often been queried and debated since

The most common view among scientists is that
Newton
mathematics and physics are quite different. Physics
describes the universe and depends on experiment B) is accepted by most scientists
and observation. The particular laws that govern our
universe, such as Newtons laws of motion, must be C) has only recently been accepted by the
determined empirically and then asserted like axioms scientific community
that cannot be logically proved, merely
D) is evidence of a prevailing prejudice among
verified.Mathematics, on the other hand, is some how mathematicians and physicists
independent of the universe. Results and theorems,
such as the properties of the integers and real E) was originally put forward by Newton after he
numbers, do not depend in any way on the particular formulated his laws of motion
nature of reality in which we find
ourselves.Mathematical truths would be true in any 58. It is clear from the passage that any
universe. information physics reveals about our
universe cannot be valid ----..
55. It is suggested in the passage that, unlike A) as it is impossible for every scientist to agree to
mathematics, physics ----.. it
B) so long as it is not explained mathematically

A) makes much use of logic in order to reach a
conclusion C) since it is not always proved logically
B) formulates laws that need not be verified by D) unless it is confirmed through experiment and
experimentation observation
C) has undergone much development since E) because the methods used for verification are
Newtons time often controversial
D) is essentially concerned with the world of

matter
E) states facts about the universe that are taken

for granted
56. We understand from the passage that, for

most scientists, ----..
A) logical reasoning is as essential as experiment

and observation in any scientific study
B) mathematics and physics are the two fields of

science which have similar scientific concerns
and are, hence, interdependent
C) mathematics, like physics, is also indispensable

for a scientific study of the universe
D) the Newtonian laws have completely altered

mans perception of the universe
E) physics is essentially empirical, whereas

mathematics is not
60. We understand from the passage that, as
part of an effort to prove the existence of ice
cevaplaynz. on the moon, NASA ----..
A) will make no use of high-resolution radio

In an attempt to settle the question of whether ice
telescopes
exists on the moon, NASA plans to launch the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) in 2008. Travelling in a B) is currently observing the moon from Earth
polar orbit only 50 kilometres above the moons
surface, the probe will focus a high-resolution neutron C) is planning to send one spacecraft to orbit the
sensor on the suspected ice deposits to determine moon and another to land there
their precise locations. But because the ice is
D) is going to send a landing craft that will rely
probably buried and mixed with lunar dirt, NASA will solely on solar power
also need to land a probe to dig up and analyze soil
samples. This mission, scheduled for 2011, is a E) has already sent a spacecraft there to take
challenging one because instruments operating in pictures
shadowed areas cannot use solar power. The craft
could land at a sunlit site and send a battery-powered 61. It is pointed out in the passage that, since
vehicle into a dark crater, but the batteries would there may be more ice on one part of the
quickly die. A radioisotope thermal generator could moons surface than on another, ----..
provide electricity using heat from plutonium decay,
but NASA is leaning against this option because it is
A) a battery-powered vehicle is an essential part
expensive and controversial.Another idea under of the probe
consideration is sending a probe that could hop from
place to place on the lunar surface by restarting its B) facilities which will examine the ice must be
landing rockets, lifting the craft to 100 metres above built near larger ice patches
its original landing site and moving it to another spot
in the crater basin to hunt for ice. Investigating more C) the search there for ice is expensive and
controversial
than one site is crucial because the ice may be
unevenly distributed. Yet another alternative would D) it is essential to test for ice in several different
be to fire ground penetrating instruments at several areas
places in the shadowed basin, either from a lander at
the craters rim or from an orbiting craft. E) it will not be possible to use the ice for future
space exploration
62. We see from the passage that the main

problem of landing a probe on the moon to
test for ice in shadowed areas is ----..
A) firing ground-penetrating instruments at the
moon could upset the balance of its surface
A) that the public is not interested in the project
B) there are several options for producing a probe
B) the hard, rocky surface of the moon
that could work in the shadowed areas of the
moon C) lack of government funding for the project
C) NASA will use plutonium decay to provide D) the extremely cold temperatures the probe
power for its newest landing probe
would have to work in
D) the spacecraft that NASA wants to send to the
E) that it would not be able to use solar power
moon will probably never actually be
manufactured
E) NASA plans only to send a probe to orbit the

moon, not to land on it
64. Winston : What does the term global village
really mean? Stanley : Oh, well, it is
bo braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek essentially related to the global flow of
ifadeyi bulunuz. information. Winston : ---- Stanley : Alright, I
will try. Beginning in the 1990s, increasingly
sophisticated computers have brought people
into instant communication over the internet
63. Mary : Recently I have been reading Jean- with each other across continents in new
Jacques Rousseaus political treatise The cultural and political settings, and this has
Social Contract, published in 1762. In his had a great impact on the everyday lives of
political views, he was certainly more radical men and women around the world..
than most of his contemporaries.
Susan : Yes, he was, indeed. For instance, he
was probably the first person in his time to A) In other words, are you suggesting that
talk about popular sovereignty and advances in electronic technologies have
democracy. provided new worldwide platforms and
Mary : ---- connections for commercial interests?
Susan : Because of his radical views as such,
he caused a great deal of controversy in B) Do you mean the wide-ranging effects of
eighteenth-century France.. information technologies on political struggles
around the globe?
A) His famous novel Emile tells the story of how a C) Are you saying that electronic systems and
young man learns virtue and freedom. devices designed to create, store and share
information have become more powerful and
B) I didnt know that he was better known for his accessible?
writing on education and moral virtue.
D) Are you claiming that embattled ethnic
C) We know that Enlightenment thinkers minorities have found worldwide audiences
considered education key to human progress. through on-line campaign sites?
D) The Social Contract was the least understood of E) What does that exactly mean? Can you be
his works, wasnt it? more specific?
E) Obviously, he believed that legitimate authority

arose from the people alone. 65. Philip : I see that you are reading Homers
great epic The Iliad? By the way, have you
ever heard about Heinrich Schliemann?
Edward : Yes, I have. He was an amateur
German archaeologist, who lived in the
nineteenth century.
Philip : ----
Edward : How come? I wonder what details in
The Iliad must have led him to such a
discovery..
A) As an amateur archaeologist, many of

Schliemanns perceptions of Bronze Age
Greece were mistaken and superficial.
B) What else? Let me tell you the most intriguing

thing about him. By using The Iliad as his
guide, he found the site of Troy near the coast
of northwest Anatolia.
C) Since the ancient Greeks treasured many

legends about their heroic and distant past,
Homers epics appealed to them a great deal.
D) Actually, Schliemann was right in believing that

the legendary king Agamemnon was buried
with a gold mask.
E) In Homers epics, it is the Mycenaean

civilization of Bronze Age Greece that is
represented, but this civilization came to an
end around the end of the twelfth century B.C.
66. Kevin:- In Asia, it seems, incomes are going
up but this is having an adverse effect on the
health of the people. Sandra: - Yes. I've read en yakn cmleyi bulunuz.
that article. Sad, isn't it? Kevin: - ---- Sandra:
- No. It's that too, of course. But the shift
from agricultural to urban economies is also
aggravating the problem.. 68. The Malaysian make of car should be king of
the roads there, owing to the steep tariffs
imposed on imported cars; but this is not the
A) It certainly is. But I can\'t say I\'m surprised. case..
B) It is indeed. And apparently it\'s not just that

people are eating more and eating unwisely. A) Malaysian-made cars are only preferable to
foreign makes because they are cheaper,
C) People think that eating well means eating though not much cheaper.
more meat and more fat.
B) Since foreign cars are so heavily taxed, home
D) It is. But the largest percentage of saturated fat produced makes are far more popular in
in the diet seemed to be coming from local Malaysia; this is only natural.
ethnic food.
C) Tariffs on imported cars In Malaysia are
E) Yes, indeed. The region presently has more prohibitive and this is why people buy home
than 60 million diabetes sufferers, and the produced models though they do not wish to.
number is going up.
D) One might expect the Malaysian make of car to
be the most popular make there as imported
67. James: Ive heard that youre selling your cars are so heavily taxed; but it is not so.
house. But its not really the best time for
selling your property. E) Surprisingly enough, foreign cars are just as
popular as Malaysian ones there even though
Arthur: ---- they are heavily taxed.
James: I suggest you not sell it. You could get

a bank loan instead, and Ill be your 69. Coffee beans are second only to petroleum as
guarantor. the most traded commodity in the world..
Arthur: Ive never thought of it; youve given A) Petroleum is the world\'s most traded
me a great idea. I really appreciate your commodity, and after that come coffee beans.
support..
B) Petroleum and coffee beans share the honour
of being the world\'s most traded commodities.
A) The broker in my quarter says a client has
already bought one at a reasonable price.
C) Coffee beans vie with petroleum as the world\'s
most sought-after commodity.
B) Ive talked to several brokers in town, and they
say Ill have no problem getting a mortgage.
D) Coffee beans are not the world\'s most sought-
after commodity.
C) Ive already applied to the local bank for a loan
and Im waiting for a reply.
E) Petroleum has superseded coffee beans as the
world\'s most traded commodity.
D) I know, but I have to do it, as Ive got a large
debt and I need to repay it urgently.
E) Recently, a relative of mine has advised me to

buy a house in the country.
70. I don't believe she is particularly clever, but
she has a great deal of charm and people
tend to do what she wants.. parada anlam btnln salamak iin
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz.
A) Though she really is not very intelligent, she

has charm and people are always pleased to
accept her leadership. 72. Like many other activities, global health has
fashions. ---- Recently, though, the focus has
B) She may not be very bright, I personally don't shifted to malaria. This tropical disease kills
think she is; but she certainly has a winning a million people a year, most of them
way with people so they generally act in the children, and debilitates hundreds of millions
way she wants. more. That is why researchers are racing
against one another to be the first to devise
C) Her intelligence is no more than average, but an effective vaccine..
she makes up for this with charm, so she can
manipulate people easily.
A) However, not all developing countries are
D) It is as much her charm as her intelligence that struggling with health-related issues.
enables her to make people act in the way she
wants them to B) Before Jonas Salk came up with his polio
vaccine, many parents lived in fear of their
E) She doesn't need to be intelligent as she has children being struck down by the disease.
the gift of knowing-how to charm people so
that they act in the way she wants. C) In Eastern Europe, for example, there has been
much concern about illicit drug use since the
Cold War ended.
71. International conventions have long been
prohibiting the use of chemical weapons D) For the past couple of decades, AIDS has
during war, but how effective is this likely to captured both the imagination and the
be?. research dollars.
E) In contrast, tropical diseases have not always

A) If various international bodies agreed to a long-
received the attention they deserve from either
term ban on chemical warfare, couldnt the ban
national governments or international
be put into effect?
organizations.
B) Can such international bodies be relied upon to
ban effectively and in the long-term the use of 73. The world's oldest cave paintings date back
chemical weapons in time of war? some 35, 000 years. They lie buried in the
side of a hill close to Verona in north Italy. -
C) For many years now, chemical warfare has ---. Now, new archaeological research is also
been banned by international agreement, but proving that the ancients were adept, not
can the ban be enforced? only at the visual arts, but also at the art of
sound..
D) How effective might the prohibition of chemical
warfare be if it had the backing of so many
international bodies? A) Stone Age ears must have appreciated the
'echo-chamber' properties of the sites
E) Over a period of very many years various
international agreements have been drawn up B) Archaeologists can use acoustics to study
to prohibit the use of chemical weapons in ancient sites in the following two ways
wartime, but they have hardly been effective,
have they? C) Similarly, the stones of Stonehenge in the
south of England have been found to have
sonic qualities
D) They prove that art was already part of the way

of life for the early civilizations of the time
E) Indeed, some of the stalactites in these caves

issue bell-like notes when struck
74. Like language, music is a uniquely human
activity. Although music is often spoken of as
a kind of language, it is certainly not within okunduunda parann anlam btnln
the same space of possibilities as natural bozan cmleyi bulunuz.
human languages. Music communicates
something, perhaps emotional states. It is
sometimes symbolic; for instance, when the
Wedding Marchis played to symbolize 76. (I) Health and well-being are too complex to
weddings. ---- Therefore, it seems be simply a medical matter. (II) There is a
appropriate to treat music as a form of direct relationship between susceptibility and
communication, but not as a language in the disease: low susceptibility implies a high
technical sense.. resilience. (III) In various realms of the 'body-
mind', there are aspects of life that build us
up and break us down. (IV) If we are under
A) That is why composers aim at aesthetic strain in one realm, it may be possible to
pleasure while they compose their music. compensate by strengthening the others. (V)
For example, playing tennis reinforces the
B) The right hemisphere of the brain is involved in release of 'feel-good' chemicals that can
musical perception and in experienced offset the damaging effects of emotional
musicians the left hemisphere is also involved. stress..
C) Yet it shares few of the grammatical and
expressive possibilities found in all standard A) I
languages.
B) II
D) In the opera, for instance, music and language
combine. C) III
E) This shows that musical ability is largely based D) IV

on auditory and rhythmic processing.
E) V
75. The Africans who go abroad to work usually

send money back home to pay for their 77. (I) Reefs are under attack from all sides. (II)
relatives medical care, education, and Coral reefs are one of the oldest and most
housing. Today, most African countries get diverse ecosystems on Earth. (III) Hurricanes
the largest part of their foreign exchange and tsunamis can cause injuries that take
earnings from such remittances. ---- Without decades for a reef to repair naturally. (IV)
this subsidy, Africas dictators would have to Meanwhile, destructive fishing practices,
face the political consequences of an angry pollution, ships running aground and climate
population.. change pose an even more serious threat.(V)
A report issued by the UN Environment
Programme warned that 30 per cent of the
A) In Africa, foreign aid goes mostly to those worlds coral reefs are either already dead or
governments that have mismanaged their seriously damaged..
economies.
B) There are over three million Nigerians in the US A) I

and another one million in Britain.
B) II
C) From a quarter to almost 50% of university-
educated graduates from Ghana, Uganda, and C) III
Kenya leave their countries to work in the
West. D) IV
D) Ironically, African citizens abroad subsidize E) V

state corruption.
E) About three million middle-class Zimbabweans

have migrated to South Africa since 1999.
78. (I) Izmir owes its famously "special" 80. (I) Towards the end of the eighteenth
atmosphere to its turbulent history. (II) What century, a vast cultural movement began to
you see today has mostly risen from the sweep across Europe. (II) Within the
ashes of Ottoman Izmir and dates from 1922, Romantic movement, a group of composers
when a terrible fire swept across the city. (III) were inspired by new ideas about national
Before that, Izmir was known as "Smyrna" identity. (III) The movement, known as
and was the most Westernized and Romanticism, called into question many of
cosmopolitan of Turkish cities. (IV) the principles of the eighteenth-century
Nevertheless, famous citizens of ancient Enlightenment. (IV) In other words, the
Smyrna include the poet Homer, the founder Romantics began to question human reason
of Western literature, who lived before 700 and the uniformity of human nature. (V)
B.C. (V) It was a city where the Muslims, Moreover, they emphasized the diversity of
Christians and Jewish communities lived in humanity, and the importance of spontaneity,
harmony and got on well with each other.. creativity, emotion and passion..
A) I A) I
B) II B) II
C) III C) III
D) IV D) IV
E) V E) V
79. (I) The relationship between genes and

proteins was first proposed in 1909 when
English physician A. Garrod suggested that
genes dictate phenotypes through enzymes,
the proteins that catalyze chemical processes
in the cell. (II) The idea came from his
observations of inherited diseases. (III) He
hypothesized that an inherited disease
reflects a bodys inability to manufacture a
particular enzyme, and he referred to such
diseases as inborn errors of metabolism.
(IV) The function of a gene is to dictate the
production of a specific enzyme. (V) His
hypothesis was ahead of its time but
research conducted decades later by other
scientists proved him right..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 A 41 C
2 E 42 D
3 B 43 D
4 B 44 B
5 D 45 A
6 C 46 D
7 A 47 E
8 B 48 B
9 A 49 D
10 E 50 C
11 C 51 E
12 B 52 D
13 D 53 B
14 A 54 C
15 A 55 D
16 E 56 E
17 B 57 B
18 A 58 D
19 D 59 B
20 C 60 C
21 E 61 D
22 D 62 E
23 E 63 E
24 A 64 E
25 B 65 B
26 C 66 B
27 A 67 D
28 C 68 D
29 E 69 A
30 E 70 B
31 B 71 C
32 A 72 D
33 D 73 D
34 C 74 C
35 A 75 D
36 D 76 B
37 E 77 B
38 A 78 D
39 B 79 D
40 D 80 B
11
5. This recent scientific breakthrough exposes
every genetic mutation acquired by cancer
yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi patients over their life times that eventually
bulunuz. caused healthy cells in their bodies to ----
tumours..
1. The cells of all living organisms have the ---- A) turn into
to harvest energy from the breakdown of
organic fuel molecules.. B) break up
C) go over
A) amount
D) wear out
B) clarity
E) pass up
C) performance
D) reliance 6. As a family we are used to moving from one

part of the country to another, and we
E) ability usually ---- pretty quickly in each new home..
2. Since most immunosuppressive drugs work A) run through

by dampening the entire immune system,
they leave the patient ---- to short-term B) move round
problems like infections..
C) turn down
A) reliable D) come through
B) detrimental E) settle down
C) indifferent
7. All the reports ---- handed in last week, but
D) susceptible some of them still ---- me..
E) deficient
A) should have been / haven\'t reached
3. For the control of the deadly brain disease in B) were / didn\'t reach
cows (BSE), surveillance is being stepped up
in Canada, but the US claims to be testing C) have been / won\'t reach
enough cattle already to ---- the risk..
D) had been / didn\'t reach
A) assert E) would have been / don\'t reach
B) assess 8. In 1906 at Boazky several thousand

cuneiform tablets ---- and most of them ----
C) consult
now on exhibit in the Anatolian civilizations
D) exceed museum in Ankara..
E) discourage
A) have been discovered / were
4. In Central Africa, the rains are ---- abundant B) were discovered / are
in the southern regions, but they are reduced
to a single very short period in the central C) have been discovered / had been
zone and disappear almost completely in the
D) would have been discovered / are being
extreme north..
E) had discovered / have been
A) reluctantly
B) appropriately
C) scarcely
D) solely
E) relatively
9. ---- the embargo imposed on us is lifted in the 14. Gregor Mendel probably chose to study
near future, we cant hope for any economic gardenpeas because he was familiar with
recovery.. them ---- his rural upbringing; they were easy
to grow, and they came ---- many readily
distinguishable varieties..
A) Whereas
B) While A) from / in
C) Because B) at / for
D) In case C) with / on
E) Unless D) in / by
E) on / over
10. I was forced to admit that there was a drop in
sales towards the end of the year ---- he had
predicted.. 15. ---- the smells that some may be tempted to
associate with methane, it is odourless and
colourless..
A) such as
B) even so A) After
C) in case B) Furthermore
D) just as C) Despite
E) so far as D) Due to
E) Besides
11. I finally learned what had happened ---- the
nurse was wheeling him into the operating
room.. 16. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has
approved the first human trials of human
embryonic stem cell research, authorizing
A) in case researchers to test ---- the cells are safe to
use in spinal injury patients..
B) so that
C) just as A) although
D) during B) whether
E) as soon as C) what
D) in that
12. Fighting ---- in Rwanda in two or three
months unless a political settlement ----
E) whose
soon..
A) will resume / will be reached
B) would resume / reached
C) may resume / is reached
D) might resume / has reached
E) can resume / were reached
13. They suspect that those ---- charge of the

nuclear energy plant may be using
security considerations as a way ----
concealing a serious environmental risk..
A) under / for
B) at / to
C) for / over
D) over / into
E) in / of
21. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) when
B) which
On the whole, Turkeys north Aegeancoast is blissfully C) that

free of the worst excesses of tourist development.
Most ofthe coastal towns are smaller and (I) ----fa- D) where
ily-oriented than those furthersouth, although the
E) whose
scenery is sometimes spoiled (II) ---- unsightly
second-homedevelopments. anakkale makes the
best base for visiting the famous battlefieldsand (III) -
--- for visiting the famous ruins at Troy. Not far south
ispicture-perfect Assos, an old town situated on an
extinct volcano (IV)---- theGreek island of Lesbos. At
Bergama the impressive ruins of the acropolis, (V)----
paper was invented, can be seen.
17. I.
A) the more
B) the most
C) most
D) more
E) the least
18. II.
A) in
B) at
C) by
D) on
E) of
19. III.
A) not only
B) as well as
C) either
D) both
E) also
20. IV.
A) overlooking
B) overlooked
C) overlooks
D) to have overlooked
E) to overlook
26. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) would have become
B) has become
Swedish belongs to the northerngroup of Germanic C) should become

languages. Various dialects are spoken, especially
inSouthern Sweden, (I) ---- the accent is almost D) had become
Danish. (II) ---- the Swedishpeople look reserved, they
E) will become
are friendly and open-minded. Their cities are rich(III)
---- tradition, but also modern and dynamic.
Stockholm, the capital, (IV)---- the latest in design and 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
architecture. The country (V) ---- ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
increasinglymulticultural in recent years.
27. By the time Turner was thirteen, ----..

22. I.
A) his father, to whom he was deeply attached,

A) wherever
was a barber in London
B) which
B) his mother was a woman of violent temper who
eventually went mad
C) that
C) it was already agreed that he should become
D) what
an artist
E) where
D) he was never an artist who relied on his genius
23. II. E) he has been called the father of

impressionism
A) Although
28. While the manager was on the phone, ----..
B) Because
C) If A) this is hardly a solution to the problem
D) As if B) it is traditional to have a daily meeting with the

head of the department
E) As long as
C) his assistant should collect the relevant data
from the Internet
24. III.
D) he manages to communicate with some of his
clients
A) about
E) his secretary was arranging his schedule
B) at
C) of 29. Because social relations are so crucial for

human life, ----..
D) in
E) by A) young adults often devote long hours to work,

leaving little time for other activities
25. IV. B) relationships that cut across both racial and

ethnic lines are nothing new
A) gains C) it is not surprising that loneliness and personal
rejection are major sources of distress
B) replaces
D) loneliness can take many forms and cannot be
C) competes
detected simply by looking at someone
D) completes
E) it is possible to experience one type of
E) offers loneliness but not the others
30. Although there is a crisis in the stock 34. Scientific mysteries and huge surprises await
markets, ----.. all space explorers ----..
A) Turkey was hosting an important summit A) even if we could have the opportunity to take a
organized by the European Commission scenic journey through space and time with a
cosmic flight simulator
B) the government has still not taken the
necessary measures B) whether they are viewing the Earth from outer
space or seeking out other planets
C) the Minister of Finance has a huge debt
C) whereas the claim that black holes are crucial
D) big companies were taking their money out of to enable galaxies to form is highly
the markets controversial
E) dealers will know about this crisis beforehand D) since humans would have undoubtedly asked
how the Earth evolved
31. ---- that runs between Paris and Lyon..
E) until the suppositions concerning the universe
were experimentally tested in order to gain
A) High-speed trains in France are famous for their validity
superb meals
35. In recent years, some neuroimaging
B) The French high-speed train, known as TGV, is
experiments have shown that the brain
an electric train
maintains a high level of activity ----..
C) In France, most trains are extremely crowded
A) since other routine tasks require minimal
D) The French railway system is very complicated additional energy
E) The French government invests a lot of money B) even when it is nominally at rest
to improve its nationwide railway system
C) although some understanding was needed of
32. ----, it generally refers to elite kinds of the physiology of the brains intrinsic activity
artistic works such as operas, poetry,
D) if the idea that brain could be constantly busy
classical music and serious novels..
is not new
A) When the term 'culture' is used in connection E) even if performing a particular task increases
with the arts the brains energy consumption
B) As culture involves the transmission of specific

36. Climate change commands the most
ideas
attention as the major factor causing the
disintegration of the Earths ice shelves, ----..
C) Although we may not understand every culture
we encounter
A) since scientists are trying to find ways to
D) Since language is the most essential element of control climate change
the culture
B) still, the other causes of the breaking up of the
E) As long as culture deals with the written forms ice should not be ignored
of literature
C) for global warming is the major cause of a
33. The first outbreak of SARS in southern China variety of environmental problems
stopped abruptly ----..
D) in case the ecological balance of the planet has
been disturbed by it
A) that a hot environment is not suitable
E) so climate change has been the result of a
B) as soon as the weather began to warm up myriad of factors
C) though distinguishing between SARS and

influenza proved problematic
D) unless transmission is due to people touching

contaminated surfaces
E) so one was at risk of picking up SARS after

admission to hospital
39. Tek bir trn yok olmas ok etkili deildir
ama bir ikinci, nc veya daha fazla sayda
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke tr yok olduunda ekosistemin tutarll
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi tehdit altna girer..
bulunuz.
A) The disappearance of a single species is not

dramatic but when a second, third, or greater
37. Almanya'nn babakan Gerhard number of species becomes extinct, the
Schroder tarafndan ortaya konan ekonomik stability of the ecosystem is threatened.
reform planlar, Sosyal Demokrat
Parti'nin kongresinde oybirlii ile onayland.. B) The stability of an ecosystem is not threatened
by the disappearance of a single species but
with the extinction of a second or third
A) The plans for economic reform put forward by species,the risk becomes dramatic.
Germany\'s chancellor, Gerhard Schroder,were
unanimously endorsed at the Social Democratic C) Not only is the disappearance of a single
Party\'s congress. species dramatic but the extinction of a
second, third, or greater number of species also
B) Gerhard Schroder, Germany\'s threatens the stability of the ecosystem.
chancellor,should have made plans for
economic reform,and they would have been D) While the disappearance of a single species
approved at the Social Democratic Party\'s may not be dramatic, when a second, third, or
congress. greater number of species becomes extinct it
may threaten the stability of the ecosystem.
C) At the Social Democratic Party congress, the
plans for economic reform suggested by E) When a single species disappears, there is no
Germany\'s chancellor, Gerhard Schroder,met cause for alarm; however, with the extinction of
with considerable approval. a second, third, or greater number of species,
the very stability of the ecosystem is
D) The plans of Gerhard Schroder, Germany\'s threatened.
chancellor, for economic development won the
approval of the entire Social Democratic Party
40. More than any other factor in human history,
at their congress.
culture has made homo sapiens a unique
E) The plans for economic development drawn up force in the history of life on Earth..
by Gerhard Schroder, Germany\'s chancellor,
were recently whole-heartedly approved at the A) nsanlk tarihindeki dier etkenlerden herhangi
Social Democratic Party\'s congress. biri kadar etkili olan kltr, homo sapiensi
yeryzndeki yaam tarihinin tek gcne
38. Kk yalarda yaanm ac deneyimler dntrmtr.
kiinin ileriki yaamn mutlaka bir ekilde
etkiler.. B) Kltr, insanlk tarihindeki baka herhangi bir
etkenden daha fazla, homo sapiensi,
yeryzndeki yaam tarihinde emsalsiz bir g
A) If one has bitter experiences at early ages, his yapmtr.
adult life will be affected by this to a certain
extent. C) Yeryzndeki yaam tarihinin esiz bir gc
olan homo sapiensin insanlk tarihinde baka
B) These bitter experiences at such an early age bir etkenden daha ok nem kazanmas, kltr
will certainly affect his later life in some way. ile mmkn olmutur
C) Bitter experiences lived at early ages will D) nsanlk tarihinde herhangi bir etkenden daha
definitely affect one\'s later life in some way. nemli olan kltr vastasyla, homo sapiens,
yeryzndeki yaam tarihindeki tek g
D) Bitter experiences in early childhood can olmutur.
definitely affect a person until adulthood.
E) nsanlk tarihinde baka etkenlerin yan sra
E) The effects of bitter experiences at early ages kltr olmasayd, homo sapiens yeryzndeki
will appear in one\'s adult life. yaam tarihinin emsalsiz gc olamazd.
41. Meteorites provide the best available data
about the chemical and physical processes
that occurred during the first few million
years of our solar systems history..
A) Gne sistemimizin tarihinde, ilk birka milyon

yl iinde ortaya km olan kimyasal ve fiziksel
oluumlara ilikin elde edilebilen en iyi veriler
gktalarnda bulunmaktadr.
B) Gne sistemimizin balangcndaki birka

milyon yl iinde meydana gelmi kimyasal ve
fiziksel srelerle ilgili kullanlabilir verilerin en
iyileri gktalarndan elde edilmitir.
C) Gktalarnn salad veriler, gne

sistemimizin tarihinin ilk birka milyon yllk
srecindeki kimyasal ve fiziksel oluumlar
anlayabilmemize en byk katky salamtr.
D) Gne sistemimizin ilk birka milyon yllk

tarihinde meydana gelen kimyasal ve fiziksel
srelerle ilgili verilerin en gvenilir olanlar
gktalarndan salanmtr.
E) Gktalar, gne sistemimizin tarihinin ilk

birka milyon ylnda meydana gelmi olan
kimyasal ve fiziksel sreler hakknda mevcut
en iyi verileri salar.
42. Even if all fossil-fuel power stations

worldwide were switched off tomorrow,
global temperatures would continue to rise
for another fifty years..
A) Fosil yakta dayanan enerji santralleri tm

dnyada durdurulsa bile kresel scaklklarn
hzla artmas sorunu en az bir elli yl daha
zlemeyecektir.
B) Tm dnyadaki fosil yaktla alan enerji

santralleri yarn kapatlsa bile, bu durum
kresel scakln artmasn elli yl daha
durduramaz.
C) Eer fosil yaktl enerji santralleri tm dnyada

hemen kapatlabilse, kresel scaklk ancak elli
yl daha ykselmeye devam eder.
D) Fosil yakt kullanan enerji santralleri yarn tm

dnyada kapatlsayd, kresel scakln artmas
sadece elli yl srerdi.
E) Dnyadaki tm fosil yaktl enerji santralleri

yarn devreden karlsa bile, kresel scaklklar
bir elli yl daha ykselmeye devam edecektir.
44. It is clear from the passage that the mice
native to the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) had suffered extensive chromosomal damage

During our visit in the summer of 1994 to the B) were found to have very high radiation levels in
Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, a region within a 30 km their bodies
radius of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, we were
amazed by the diversity of mammals living in the C) were not affected by the radiation as much as
shadow of the ruined reactor only eight years after the mice which had been brought in from
the meltdown. During our excursion through the outside the Exclusion Zone
woods, we trapped some of the local mice for
D) were not put in cages by the scientists studying
examination in a makeshift laboratory. We were them
surprised to find that, although each mouse
registered unprecedented levels of radiation in its E) showed less genetic diversity than mice from
bones and muscles, all the animals seemed physically other areas
normal, and many of the females were carrying
normal-looking embryos. We found that the mice did 45. According to the passage, the lack of
not have any obvious chromosomal damage. We subsequent chromosomal damage in mice
wondered whether the absence of injury could be brought into the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone
explained by some sort of adaptive change, perhaps a from radiation-free areas proves that ----..
more efficient DNA-repair mechanism, after many
prior generations had been exposed to radiation. But A) mammals can suffer the effects of radiation
when we transplanted wild mice from and still carry a normal embryo
uncontaminated regions into cages in the Exclusion
Zone and then examined their chromosomes, they B) the radiation found in the mice native to the
were likewise unaffected by the radiation. In at least Exclusion Zone had compounded with each
this respect, the mice seemed to have a natural new generation
immunity to harm from radiation.
C) the mice native to the Exclusion Zone had,
actually, not developed their immunity to
radiation after the explosion occurred
43. We see from the passage that the scientists
D) unprecedented levels of radiation in an
who visited the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone in
animals tissues always signal extensive
1994 concluded that ----..
chromosomal damage
A) all mice appear to have inborn protection E) trapping animals is a difficult task, best left to
against the harmful effects of radiation hunters native to the area
B) only the mice born in the Exclusion Zone were 46. We understand from the passage that, on
immune to the chromosomal damage caused their visit to the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone,
by high levels of radiation the scientists ----..
C) mice certainly have better-developed DNA-
repair mechanisms than other animals A) did not expect to find animals that were
physically normal
D) the meltdown of the nuclear reactor at
Chernobyl caused greater than usual diversity B) themselves began to suffer from exposure to
among the mammals living nearby high levels of radiation
E) their makeshift laboratory did not produce C) mainly wanted to observe the effects of the
valid results for their experiments with the reactors meltdown on the surrounding plant
mice life
D) transported mice from the Exclusion Zone to an

uncontaminated area to see if their radiation
levels would decrease
E) were surprised to find that animals in the

Exclusion Zone did not look the same as
animals from outside the Exclusion Zone
48. It is stressed in the passage that, from very
early times, every Eastern as well as every
cevaplaynz. Western power ----..
A) has ignored the geopolitical position of the

Since the dawn of civilization, the Middle East, a
Middle East
region at the crossroads of Africa, Asia and Europe,
has been important to large and small powers alike, B) has tried to colonize the Middle East and
from the empires of the East to the imperial powers of exploit its natural resources
the West. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869,
which transformed maritime travel between Europe C) has maintained its presence in the Middle East
on account of its oil
and Asia, added to European interest. The regions
other riches also encouraged European intervention D) has regarded the Middle East as having crucial
and rivalries. This resulted in a series of importance
confrontations between the Ottoman Empire and its
European adversaries, and finally in the collapse of E) has followed a policy of peace and cooperation
the former and the direct or indirect European with the Middle East
colonization of large parts of the region in the course
of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. But 49. It is asserted in the passage that, when the
what added to the Middle Easts importance in the Suez Canal was opened in 1869, ----..
twentieth century was oil, which was found in
abundance in the Persian Gulf and in parts of North
A) European powers had already begun to
Africa. Moreover, in the strategic context of the Cold colonize the Middle East on a large scale
War, the regions geopolitical importance provided an
additional reason for the superpowers to increase B) an increasing number of Europeans began to
their role and presence. make long journeys through Asia
C) the flow of Middle Eastern oil to the West

increased steadily
47. According to the passage, during the Cold
War, ----.. D) European powers made a joint effort to get
control of the region
A) the Middle East was geopolitically so important E) travel by sea between East and West
that the superpowers came to believe that underwent great changes
involvement in the area was desirable
B) the geopolitical importance of the Middle East 50. It is pointed out in the passage that, from the
was recognized for the first time nineteenth century onwards, European
involvement in the Middle East ----..
C) the European powers competed with each
other in the Middle East in order to have full
A) was solely concerned with the security of the
control of the oil reserves in the Persian Gulf
Suez Canal
D) the superpowers not only increased their
B) was strongly resisted by the Ottoman Empire,
activities in the Middle East but also formed
which thus prevented the colonization of the
alliances with the countries of the region
whole region
E) the superpowers were attracted by the oil of
C) has largely been motivated by the regions
the Middle East more than by its geopolitical
geopolitical importance
position
D) led to various conflicts with the Ottoman
Empire and finally ended its presence in the
region
E) centred only on the Suez Canal and the

opening of the sea-route to Asia
52. As one learns from the passage, despite their
current economic success, ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) emerging markets are not trusted by

companies since there is always the possibility
Developing markets, historically the domain of
of political manipulation
hyperinflation and political manipulation, now enjoy
high surpluses, thanks to record commodity price B) developing economies are still far from
sand severe fiscal discipline. Since 2001 these overcoming hyperinflation
economies have achieved three times the average
annual per-capita economic growth of their developed C) governments in the developing world have
maintained their fight against hyperinflation
counterparts and now represent a quarter of global
output. Stocks in emerging markets are causing much D) developed economies remain unconcerned
excitement among investors. However, too much about the potential of a severe crisis
excitement invites peril. Emerging markets have
undeniably changed in the past decade, but lately E) the countries in the developing world have
they are looking overgrown, and even a minor crisis traditionally suffered from hyperinflation
could send them tumbling. And while the potential
triggers for a fall have changed, they are still there. 53. It is emphasized in the passage that although
As economies in the developing world get stronger, investors are excited by the stock market
governments are getting more assertive and situation in emerging markets, they ----..
meddling with both companies and neighbouring
countries, increasing political risk. A) are always prepared for a risk of hyperinflation
which could send stock prices tumbling
B) know that these markets now represent a

51. It is clear from the passage that, over the quarter of global output
last few years, ----..
C) must be aware of the fact that these markets
A) the economies of the developed countries can be risky since they are potentially very
have had so much growth that its effects on fragile
emerging markets have been harmful
D) feel that severe fiscal discipline introduced by
B) stock prices in emerging markets have been governments puts their investments at high
relatively stable due to very harsh fiscal risk
measures introduced by governments
E) are very critical of governments meddling with
C) inflation rates in the developing world have companies and neighbouring countries
shown an upward trend because of political
manipulation and poor economic performance 54. According to the passage, as the economic
strength of the developing world increases,
D) emerging economies have performed so well one of the drawbacks this leads to is that -
that their growth has been much higher than ---..
the growth achieved by the developed world
E) governments of developing economies have A) prices of commodities and stocks reach higher
taken every measure in order to avoid the kind levels, opening the way to hyperinflation and
of political crisis that may trigger an economic political manipulation
collapse
B) governments begin to interfere in the affairs of
their neighbours and, hence, may cause
political risk
C) governments get into fierce competition with

each other in order to double their share in
global output
D) investors begin to be seriously concerned

about the future of stock and commodity prices
E) the annual per-capita growth slows down owing

to high surpluses and record commodity prices
landfills and waste water treatment facilities
cevaplaynz. are examples of ----..
A) natural sources of carbon dioxide

The concentrations of methane (CH4) and carbon
dioxide (CO2) gases in the atmosphere have both B) ways to boost the production of OH in the
risen dramatically since the start of the Industrial atmosphere
Revolution. However, unlike its more familiar
greenhouse-gas cousin, atmospheric methane has C) man-made sources of methane
recently stopped increasing in abundance. This
D) high levels of atmospheric methane
development wasnt entirely unanticipated, given that
the rate of increase has been slowing for at least a E) the recent stabilization of methane levels
quarter-century. The recent stabilization of methane
levels is something that some scientists are trying
very hard to explain. Methane has many
sources.Some are natural, such as wetlands and
plants, and some are the consequences of modern A) atmospheric methane is produced only by
society, such as landfills and waste water treatment. human activity
Methane is destroyed principally by its reaction with
B) the greenhouse effect of methane is not as
the hydroxylradical (OH) in the lower atmosphere.
widely-known as that of carbon dioxide
One theory about the stabilization of methane levels
is that deforestation has reduced the number of C) scientists expect atmospheric methane levels
plants contributing to atmospheric methane. Another to continue rising
idea is that an increase in the prevalence of tropical
thunderstorms may have raised the amounts of the D) deforestation contributes to increasing
various nitrogen oxides high in the atmosphere.There, atmospheric methane levels
these gases have the side effect of boosting the E) carbon dioxide is not as important as methane
production of OH, which in turn acts to destroy in terms of causing global warming
methane.
55. It is pointed out in the passage that methane

in the atmosphere is destroyed primarily by -
---..
A) the interventions of scientists
B) the presence of carbon dioxide gas
C) wetlands and plants
D) contact with OH, the hydroxyl radical
E) the Industrial Revolution
56. According to the passage, although

atmospheric carbon dioxide levels continue
to rise, ----..
A) atmospheric methane levels are no longer

rising
B) an increase in tropical thunderstorms may

reduce these carbon dioxide levels
C) this rise is expected to level out some time in

the next quarter-century
D) scientists are trying very hard to explain this

increase
E) they are not evenly distributed

60. It is pointed out in the passage that the cloud
of dust caused by the supposed meteor
cevaplaynz. impact ----. .
A) caused the fossils of that period to be

In 1980, the physicist Lus Alvarez and his son Walter
particularly easy to extract
advanced a startling theory about the demise of the
dinosaurs: that it was caused by forces that came B) poisoned the plants and animals living on Earth
from beyond this world. They hypothesized that at that time
perhaps a meteor impact had ended the age of the
dinosaurs. The primary evidence was that in soil core C) made the Earth dark and cold for a very long
time, causing plants and animals to die
samples taken in locations around the globe, iridium,
a substance very rare on Earth but prevalent on D) did not contain iridium
asteroids, had been found in a thin layer of clay
separating the fossil-rich rock of the late Cretaceous E) formed a very large crater in Mexico when it
period (the end of the dinosaur age) and the sparsely settled
fossiled rock of the Tertiary period that followed. The
Alvarezes hypothesized that a very large 61. We understand from the passage that, by the
extraterrestrial object had slammed into the planet, time of the Tertiary period, ----..
sending an enormous fireball into the stratosphere,
along with vast amounts of debris. A great cloud of
A) the dinosaurs had died out
dust enshrouded Earth, blocking sunlight for months,
even years, and plants and animals perished in the B) forces from beyond this world had invaded the
ensuing cold and dark. When the dust finally settled planet
back to Earth, it formed the telltale worldwide layer of
iridium in the clay. The scientific world was not C) the dust from the meteor impact had still not
impressed by the theory. Indeed, some scientists settled
scoffed at the Alvarezes hypothesis, but in 1990
D) fossils were well-preserved
scientists realized that a crater of 112 miles
indiametre in Mexico and dated at 65 million years E) the age of the dinosaurs was thriving
old might be evidence that the dinosaurs had indeed
died out due to the effects of a giant meteor.
62. According to the passage, the main proof
givenby Lus and Walter Alvarez of a giant
meteor impact that could have destroyed the
59. It is clear from the passage that, when the dinasours was ----..
Alvarezes advanced their meteor-impact
theory, ----.. A) the fossil-rich rock of the late Cretaceous
period
A) their focus was mostly on the Tertiary period
B) a great cloud of dust surrounding Earth
B) it was not a surprising idea
C) the 112-mile-wide crater they had discovered
C) they didnt make use of core samples
D) an enormous fireball in the stratosphere
D) few scientists believed them
E) the presence of iridium in soil all over the
E) there were vast amounts of debris in the world
stratosphere
65. Interviewer: Have you worked in this kind of
job before?
ifadeyi bulunuz. Candidate: Yes, once, during my summer
vacation.
Interviewer: ______
63. Polly :- This is terrible! Have you read this
article on dirty needles being used for Candidate: No, I havent, but I do have
vaccinations in poor countries? professional qualifications and enthusiasm..
Karin :- Yes, and it is terrible. Apparently,
anti-tetanus shots given with used needles
are spreading HIV. A) So, really you havent much experience.
Polly :- ----
Karin :- Well, you know, they may not have B) In that case youre the sort of person we are
enough needles, so they may have to use looking for.
them more than once..
C) Tell me about your work background in more
detail.
A) I think wealthy countries should donate
disposable needles to poorer countries. D) Did you enjoy the work you did?
B) How can the health workers in those countries E) Then you may know my brother; he was the
do such a thing? managing director there.
C) They should test everyones blood before

66. Jim : Have you read this article on
giving a vaccine.
vegetarianism?
D) Tetanus and HIV are both dangerous infectious
diseases. Molly : Yes I have. And I must say I find it
rather extreme.
E) The health workers are probably selling the
clean needles illegally. Jim : ----
Molly : I'm not sure. It's certainly trying to

64. Peter :- Have you read this article? It says give that impression; but I don't think I'm
that two thirds of all the senior citizens who convinced.
have ever lived are alive today.
Katie :- Yes. With the worlds large aging .
population, Im surprised that so many
companies still market their products to the
younger generation. A) To get an argument over you\'ve got to
Peter :- ---- illustrate fully.
Katie :- Thats right. In addition to being the
largest market, seniors are also the richest B) So did I. There\'s not much basis in facts.
market today..
C) Really? I don\'t agree at all. But then I am,
more or less, vegetarian.
A) What about the grown children of seniors?
Arent they a large market? D) It seems to me that it has been very well
researched. Don\'t you agree?
B) Im not. You know what a youth culture we
have in the world these days. E) Maybe it is in parts. Don\'t you believe any of
it?
C) But arent there an awful lot of rich young
people around?
D) Youre right. Theres a lot of money to be made

in products tailored for older people.
E) I dont think the senior market is as large as is

often suggested.
67. Steve : According to this latest report on 69. In some parts of Turkey, farming is still
Afghanistan, its not safe for aid agencies to carried out with primitive tools despite many
work there. advances in technology..
Ken : How come? There is a strong NATO
force there to provide security.
Steve : ---- A) In many parts of Turkey the use of simple tools
Ken : So, it seems that the NATO-led has become obsolete as a result of
attempts to bring peace to this country have technological advances.
already failed..
B) As regards agricultural methods, Turkey has
made little progress.
A) You know that the aims of the NATO
intervention in this country have been clearly C) Modern agricultural tools should have been
defined. introduced to the farmers in Turkey by now.
B) Indeed, northern Afghanistan remains D) Although technology has advanced a great

reasonably peaceful and open to trade. deal, there are some places in Turkey where
farmers still use out-of-date tools.
C) Sure, but a large part of the country, especially
the troublesome southern parts, are controlled E) In spite of the primitive tools used in farming,
by rebel groups. Turkey is a leading country from the point of
agriculture.
D) In fact, for this country to achieve peace and
security, there is an urgent need for more
70. Efforts at the collective bargaining have
foreign involvement.
failed because what was demanded was more
than the firm could afford..
E) Actually, several nations have helped to build
roads, bridges, and other important facilities.
A) The demands made at the collective bargaining
could have been met by the firm.
en yakn cmleyi bulunuz. B) Even if the firm could have afforded more, the
collective bargaining wouldnt have been useful
C) The failure of the efforts of the collective

68. Whenever I meet her she is full of complaints bargaining was due to the lack of interest on
about how unfairly she is treated by the the part of the firm
supervisor..
D) Since the firm could not possibly meet the
demands, the parties at the collective
A) I I never see her but shes complaining about bargaining could not reach an agreement
the unfair treatment she receives at the hands
of the supervisor. E) Both sides made considerable efforts to ensure
the success of the collective bargaining
B) Im tired of listening to her complaints about
the harsh treatment of the supervisor towards
71. Roof insulation will pay for itself within
her.
two years in lower heating costs, or so they
C) When we come together, she always talks claim..
about her supervisors attitude towards her.
A) They claimed that roof insulation would reduce
D) Whenever she comes to me its to denounce
heating costs, so that in two years you could
the supervisor for treating her so harshly.
recover the amount invested.
E) When I was there it didnt seem right to
B) It pays to insulate your roof since you certainly
criticize the behaviour of the supervisor
get back in around two years, whatever you
towards her.
invest in lowered fuel costs.
C) Roof insulation reduces heating costs so much

that in just two years they guarantee that you
get back the money you invest in it.
D) They guarantee that money invested in roof

insulation is recoverable in two years through
reduced fuel costs.
E) They claim that in under two years you get

back what you invest in roof insulation through
reduced fuel costs.
74. One great achievement of Greek literature is
Herodotus writing of history. No one before
parada anlam btnln salamak iin him had consciously attempted to write
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz. about the past. ---- The saga which inspired
him to undertake anything so new and so
difficult was the one which had
overshadowed his own childhood and youth
72. Insects are often regarded as pests because the clash between the Greeks and the
some bite, sting, spread diseases, or Persians..
compete with humans over crop plants. ----
Without insects to pollinate flowers, the
human race would soon run out of food A) This is the reason why he is rightly known as
because many of the crop plants that we rely 'the father of history'.
on would not be able to reproduce. In
addition, insects themselves are valued as B) That is why the earliest Greek philosophers
food in many parts of the world. Also, they were concerned chiefly with what we would call
help to recycle organic matter by feeding on 'science'.
wastes and on dead plants and animals..
C) For this reason, Herodotus himself reported
dubious information if it was interesting,
A) Therefore, humans use chemicals to get rid of sometimes adding his own opinion about its
harmful plants growing among agricultural reliability.
crops.
D) As a result, he became a major source of
B) Scientists have so far been able to identify inspiration for poets and story-tellers.
about one million species of insects.
E) Because of this, he wrote his Histories in the
C) Nevertheless, they are of undeniably great Ionian dialect.
value to nature and to humans.
D) Pollination is the process by which most plants 75. The Internet is a computer-based global
reproduce, but there are exceptions. information system. ----. Each of these
networks may link tens, hundreds, or even
E) While some insects protect themselves with thousands of computers, enabling them to
their poison, others use camouflage. share information with one another. The
Internet, in this sense, has made it possible
for people all over the world to communicate
73. Aboriginal occupation of Australia goes back with one another effectively and
at least 40, 000 years and probably longer. inexpensively..
While there are significant differences in
aboriginal occupation of space and the
meaning they attach to the environment, A) It does not have a centralized distribution
there are also some common threads. system as do radio and television
Traditional aboriginal culture is very
interesting in that it invests very little B) It is composed of many interconnected
meaning in architecture or artificial spatial computer networks
structures. ---- There is a bond between one's
country and its sacred places which house C) It has become increasingly common, especially
the spirit of certain species for which one has over the past two decades
responsibilities..
D) Anyone who has access to the Internet can
reach a vast source of information
A) Australia was invaded by Britain, initially as a
means of banishing what was perceived to b e E) Many individuals use the Internet for
a genetically criminal class. communication and research
B) The majority of the aboriginal paintings that are

currently popular on the world art market are
landscapes.
C) Nevertheless, most of the land to which

aboriginal people still spiritually belong, legally
belongs to someone else.
D) Aboriginal culture and identity is, however,

profoundly rooted in landscape form and
natural structures.
E) However, Averts Rock, this enormous and

beautiful rock, has become the dominant
geographical symbol of Australia.
78. (I) Einstein, who is 21 in 1900, has been
puzzling about visible light for five years,
okunduunda parann anlam btnln which does not always follow known rules.
bozan cmleyi bulunuz. (II) He has not yet been able to figure out
what will happen if he travels on a beam of
light. (III) But he already knows that there
are particles smaller than atoms. (IV) Now,
76. (I) Parkinsons disease is the second most the idea that a black body changes energy by
common neurological degenerative disease discrete amounts during the emission
after Alzheimers disease. (II) Parkinsons process gives Einstein something else to
disease is a chronic condition that usually consider.(V) Then, Einstein has to describe
affects older people, although it can occur in the invention and give the reason for why he
younger people in some cases. (III) While invented such a device..
there is no cure for Parkinsons disease,
there are treatments to control symptoms.
(IV) Sufferers, however, often do not swing A) I
their arms while walking and have reduced
facial movements, which makes them look B) II
depressed.(V) Drugs, in particular, can help
with sleep disturbances, mood disorders and C) III
bladder problems..
D) IV
A) I E) V
B) II 79. (I) As the world's population approaches

seven billion, the challenges facing humanity
C) III
have never been greater. (II) Fortunately, the
D) IV solution to many of the most fundamental
challenges can be found in science. (Ill) But
E) V providing for the food, energy and safety
needs of a growing population will require
more than science alone. (IV)Companies,
77. (I) Are humans the only primates that cry? both large and small, need to come up with
(II) The answer depends on how you define more and more innovations to facilitate trade
crying. (III) If it is defined as tears coming and commerce. (V) It will require people
from the eyes, then the answer is yes. (IV) working together across borders,
Others take a conservative stance and say governments, organizations and cultures to
that it is too difficult to tell whether or not improve the lives of people around the
non-human primates have feelings. (V) world..
However, if crying is vocalization that occurs
under the conditions of distress, then you
can find crying in almost all primates.. A) I
B) II
A) I
C) III
B) II
D) IV
C) III
E) V
D) IV
E) V
80. (I) Researchers at the Washington University
School of Medicine have invented a new type
of technology that could revolutionize the
diagnosis of gum disease. (II) They have
developed a thumb-nail-sized chip that can
detect gum disease long before your dentist
can. (III) The automated system analyzes the
patient's saliva. (IV) These antibodies attach
to the proteins secreted by unhealthy cells.
(V) Brightly glowing cells in the saliva
indicate high levels of protein and, thus more
disease..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 E 41 E
2 D 42 E
3 B 43 A
4 E 44 B
5 A 45 C
6 E 46 A
7 A 47 A
8 B 48 D
9 E 49 E
10 D 50 D
11 C 51 D
12 C 52 E
13 E 53 C
14 A 54 B
15 C 55 D
16 B 56 A
17 D 57 C
18 C 58 B
19 E 59 D
20 A 60 C
21 D 61 A
22 E 62 E
23 A 63 B
24 D 64 D
25 E 65 A
26 B 66 D
27 C 67 C
28 E 68 C
29 C 69 D
30 B 70 D
31 B 71 E
32 A 72 C
33 B 73 D
34 B 74 A
35 B 75 B
36 B 76 D
37 A 77 D
38 C 78 E
39 A 79 D
40 B 80 D
12
5. Several research groups have been racing to
---- how to regenerate hair cells..
bulunuz.
A) figure out
B) go for
1. The ---- of potassium in the human body is
dramatically demonstrated when too much or C) connect with
too little of it is secreted..
D) set up
A) comparison E) make up
B) attribution 6. The volunteers who were willing to ---- the

experiment were more inclined to act
C) significance
politically than those who did not volunteer..
D) marginality
A) fill out
E) demand
B) take part in
2. The transmission of black-and-white
television images became technically ---- in C) watch out for
the UK at the end of the 1920s..
D) make do with
A) representative E) open up
B) corrupt 7. Orwell ---- at that moment that when the

white man ---- tyrant it is his own freedom
C) reluctant
that he destroys..
D) feasible
A) perceived / would turn
E) instrumental
B) has perceived / turned
3. Roasting some green vegetables makes them
as acidic as carbonated drinks, and ---- to C) had perceived / has turned
dental erosion..
D) would perceive / will turn
A) maintains E) perceived / turns
B) enables 8. Heatstroke is a life-threatening condition

which ---- from extreme exposure to heat, in
C) prevents
which a person ---- enough to lower body
D) contributes temperature..
E) converts
A) had resulted / does not sweat
4. As a migraine develops, pain ---- worsens and B) resulted / wont sweat

chemicals from the brain stems cause spasms
in the brains blood vessels.. C) has resulted / would not sweat
D) results / cannot sweat

A) recklessly
E) will result / did not sweat
B) progressively
9. Goldfish lose their colour ---- they are kept in
C) productively
a pond or bowl with adequate illumination..
D) confidentially
A) unless
E) synthetically
B) but for
C) as well as
D) in addition to
E) in the event of
10. Gang violence is deplorable and cannot be 14. Generally, social media platforms can be
tolerated, ---- simply cracking down on it is thought of as virtual meeting places which
not the solution.. function to encourage the exchange of media
content among users who are ---- producers -
--- consumers..
A) so that
B) whereby A) both / and
C) but B) more / than
D) when C) just / like
E) so long as D) so / that
E) such / as
11. The works of the ancient Greek physician
Hippocrates commonly known as the
Hippocratic Collection consist ---- about 70 15. As well as ---- the introduction of electricity in
works, ---- which only a relatively small homes throughout the Western world, the
number are possibly by him. . invention of light bulb also ---- a rather
unexpected consequence of changing
people's sleep patterns..
A) with / by
B) among / in A) initiating / had
C) into / from B) initiate / has
D) of / of C) to initiate / will have
E) across / during D) being initiated / should have
E) having initiated / is having

12. ---- the computerized Dutch auction system,
the flower industry gets flowers into our
homes when they are still ---- their best.. 16. The practice of charging money for education
and providing wisdom only to those ---- could
pay lead to a number of debates..
A) Under / at
B) At / in A) who
C) From / with B) which
D) Until / to C) whether
E) Within / for D) whose
E) whom
13. Even prior to the 1930's, Swedish banks
played an important role ---- the financing ----
long-term industrial projects..
A) at / for
B) for / in
C) in / of
D) by / with
E) into / over
21. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) while
B) if
Turkmenistan was once (I) ---- ofthe ancient Persian C) whether

Empire. The Turkmen people were originally nomads,
and someof them (II) ---- this way of life up into the D) until
20th century, living intransportable tents.(III) ----
E) that
territory was ruled by the Seljuk Turks in the11th
century. The Mongols of Genghis Khan conquered
Turkmenistan in the 13thcentury and dominated the
area (IV) ---- the next two centuries (V) ---- theywere
deposed in the late 15th century by invading Uzbeks.
17. I.
A) territory
B) area
C) region
D) part
E) land
18. II.
A) have continued
B) continued
C) had continued
D) are continuing
E) continue
19. III.
A) A
B) Some
C) The
D) Much
E) Many
20. IV.
A) about
B) for
C) at
D) after
E) along
26. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) which
B) where
Wind is moving air. When air isheated, it becomes C) when

lighter and then rises. Cooler air from (I)---- areas
movesin to take the place of the rising air. This air (II) D) while
---- forms wind. Whenwind blows, it brings different
E) what
types of weather with it. The strength of awind (III) ----
on how fast the heated air rises. Air rises quickly, and
nearbyair rushes in to take its place. This forms 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
strong, blustery winds. Light,gentle breezes happen ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
when heated air rises slowly.(IV) ---- 10, 000metres
highin the atmosphere, there are areas of strong
winds called jet streams, (V)---- help to move hot
air from the equator towards the poles, keeping the 27. Even if the current results are inconclusive, -
Earthat a more even temperature. ---.
A) the experiment shows that the research is

22. I. promising.
B) no further research is necessary in the area.

A) fictitious
C) who will finance the research in the future?
B) rough
D) no one wants to be involved in the
C) predictable experiments.
D) obscure E) better preparation is needed for future

experiments.
E) surrounding
28. ---- almost as soon as the two countries
23. II. gained their independence from Yugoslavia in
1991..
A) movement
A) During World War II, Germany invaded
B) shuffle Yugoslavia, which the included Croatia and
Slovenia
C) turnout
B) Slovenia and Croatia became part of the
D) arrangement Austrian-Hungarian Empire in the mid-
19*century
E) settlement
C) Slovenia was able to separate itself from
24. III. Yugoslavia with relatively little violence
D) The border dispute between Slovenia and

A) ignores Croatia began
B) resists E) Economically, Croatia and Slovenia are

remarkably prosperous and maintain a high
C) depends standard of living
D) shows
E) brings
25. IV.
A) On
B) Behind
C) Through
D) About
E) To
29. Because of the ever-increasing cost 33. ----, there is still a slight chance that a
of election campaigns, ----.. rogue black hole could come out of the
depths of interstellar space and catch us
unawares..
A) both sides would have been regarded with
suspicion
A) If only an early warning system could be
B) idealism alone was to be regretted devised
C) perhaps I am being too pessimistic about our B) Because black holes would fling light at us in a
chances pattern of concentric rings
D) the backing of the rich and the generous is C) Whether a black hole is presently within the
indeed desirable range of our telescopes
E) no published figures are completely reliable D) The scientists working on black holes were
concerned
30. ---- for whatever her imagination dreams
E) Although black holes are rare in our Galaxy
up next..
34. The management wishes to get the solid

A) Even her critics are impressed mounted engine and handlebar into
production ----..
B) Indeed, the author of Harry Potter has a ready
audience
A) whether electronic fuel injection had proved
C) She has been writing about Harry Potter for at efficient or not
least 14 years
B) thought the new braking system was still on
D) As a matter of fact, her success was a surprise trial
even to herself
C) since it contributes greatly to ease of handling
E) It was the unpredictable nature of the narrative
D) unless the balance shaft reduced primary
vibration
31. ---- that the waste problems are much
less severe than with conventional nuclear
E) if it were mounted with sufficient rigidity
energy..
35. Teachers cannot be criticized for failing

A) All atoms have a central nucleus to promote engineering ----..
B) Fusion could provide a major contribution to
the energy mix of the future A) so the manner in which design is presented is
of first importance
C) Fusion research drains resources away from
renewable energy B) that it is not a required field of study in most
technical universities
D) Advocates of fusion power claim
C) whether students should follow enough maths
E) Nuclear fusion seems the perfect answer and science courses to quality for engineering
school
32. Pluto was classified as a planet until 2006, -
D) if they have not been exposed to it themselves
---..
E) as all the young children had a flair for
A) because it was named for the Roman god of designing and building
the underworld
36. They didn't operate on him ----.
B) although the New Horizons spacecraft made
a voyage there and beyond in 2006
A) unless they have to
C) when the International Astronomical Union
(IAU) changed its status to that of dwarf planet B) until they had got the results of the tests
D) as it is very difficult for astronomers to collect C) if they think it's necessary

reliable information about it
D) so he was 7 years old
E) while Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter,
Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are classical E) while his blood pressure has been so high
planets
39. Proteinler, her molekl tipinin
emsalsiz zelliklere sahip olmasn salayan
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke pek ok farkl bileimlerdeki 20'den fazla
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi deiik tr amino asitlerden olumaktadr..
bulunuz.
A) Proteins are constituted of 20 or more different

kinds of amino acids, in a variety of
37. Gemiin ne anlama geldiini combinations, and this is effected by the
sorguladmzda, phesiz farkl insanlara distinct properties of the molecules.
farkl eyler ifade eder..
B) Proteins are made up of more than 20 different
kinds of amino acids in many different
A) If we ask what the past may mean, it is clear combinations, allowing each type of molecule
that, for different people, it means different to have unique properties.
things.
C) As there are more than 20 different kinds of
B) When we question the meaning of the past, amino acids in a variety of combinations in the
undoubtedly different people interpret it proteins, each type of molecule has unique
differently. properties.
C) Since the past means different things to D) Though more than 20 different kinds of amino
different people, we must question what the acids are present in proteins in different
meaning is. combinations, each type of molecule is distinct
in itself.
D) When we ask what the past means, it certainly
means different things to different people. E) Since each kind of molecule has distinct
properties, there are 20 or more different kinds
E) As the meaning of the past varies from people of amino acids, in varying combinations, that
to people, clearly we must ask how these make up the proteins.
meanings are made.
40. Due to high fertility and the high number of
38. Bilim adamlar bir byk depremin, bir young people in the population, the
sonrakinin zaman ve yeri zerinde kayda proportion of adolescents in the total global
deer bir etkisinin olmadn dnrlerdi, population is likely to increase in the coming
fakat son aratrmalar durumun byle years..
olmayabileceine iaret ediyor..
A) Dourganlk oran ve gen nfusun says

A) Scientists used to think that there was no dikkate alndnda, ergenlerin toplam kresel
connection between one major earthquake and nfus iindeki orannn nmzdeki yllarda
subsequent smaller ones, but new studies artma olasl olduka yksektir.
suggest there may be.
B) Yksek dourganlk ve nfus iindeki genlerin
B) Formerly scientists thought that one large yksek says nedeniyle, toplam kresel nfusta
earthquake could not possibly affect the timing ergenlerin oran, gelecek yllarda muhtemelen
or location of the next, but recent research artacaktr.
suggests it may.
C) Ergenlerin toplam kresel nfus iindeki
C) Contrary to what scientists used to think, orannn nmzdeki yllarda artmas, yksek
recent research suggests that a major dourganla ve nfus iindeki gen saysnn
earthquake may considerably affect the timing ykselmesine baldr.
and location of subsequent earthquakes.
D) Yksek dourganln ve nfustaki genlerin
D) Recent research suggests that a major yksek saysnn sonucu olarak, gelecek
earthquake may influence the time and place yllarda, toplam kresel nfus iinde ergen
of subsequent earthquakes though this has not oran giderek ykselecektir.
been the traditional view of scientists.
E) Yksek dourganla ve gen nfusun artna
E) Scientists used to think that one large bal olarak, yetikinlerin toplam kresel nfus
earthquake had no notable influence on the iindeki oran, gelecek yllarda kademeli bir
timing or location of the next one but recent ekilde ykselecektir.
research suggests this may not be the case.
41. Most scientists are of the opinion that
hurricane Katrina, which caused colossal
damage to the coastal areas of Louisiana in
America, was clearly linked with global
warming..
A) Pek ok bilim adam, Amerikada Louisiana sahil

blgelerinde byk tahribata yol aan Katrina
kasrgasnn, kresel snmann bir sonucu
olduu grn benimsemektedir.
B) ou bilim adam, Amerikada Louisianann

sahil blgelerinde ok byk hasara neden olan
Katrina kasrgasnn, kresel snmayla aka
balantl olduu grndedir.
C) Pek ok bilim adamna gre kresel snmayla

aka balantl olan Katrina kasrgas,
Amerikada Louisiana kylarnda ok byk
tahribata yol amtr.
D) ou bilim adamna gre kresel snmayla

kesin ilikisi olan Katrina kasrgas, en korkun
etkisini Amerikann Louisiana sahillerinde
gstermitir.
E) Birok bilim adam, kresel snmadan

kaynaklanan kasrgalarn Amerikada
Louisianann sahil blgelerini vuran Katrina
gibi, byk hasarlara neden olacan
dnmektedir.
42. Americas conventional military superiority

has pushed its enemies inevitably towards
insurgency to achieve their objectives..
A) Amerikann klasik asker stnl,

dmanlarn, amalarn gerekletirmek iin,
kanlmaz olarak ayaklanmaya itmitir.
B) Klasik asker gc nedeniyle, Amerikann

dmanlar, hedeflerine ulaabilmek iin, hi
ekinmeden ayaklanma yolunu semilerdir
C) Amerikann klasik asker gcn bilen

dmanlar, amalarnda baarl olmak iin,
ister istemez ayaklanma yoluna gitmilerdir.
D) Amerikann klasik asker stnlnn sonucu

olarak, dmanlar, ayaklanma yoluna giderek,
amalarna ulamay benimsemilerdir.
E) Amerikann klasik asker gcnden ekinen

dmanlar, ancak ayaklanma yoluyla
hedeflerine ulaabileceklerini fark etmilerdir.
45. It is emphasized in the passage that ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) the huge diversity between the species is
rarely due to the process of evolution
Over billions of years, life has evolved into a B) species on earth show a great deal of diversity,
spectacular diversity of forms more than a million but, at the same time, remarkable genetic
species presently exist. For each, the source of its resemblance
uniqueness is the particular combination of proteins
found within its cells. Yet in the midst of this diversity, C) the idea that human genes can be implanted
the similarities between living things are profound.For into flies has aroused much controversy among
scientists
example, although the fruit fly genome encodes
about 14, 000 different proteins, and humans have D) the symptoms caused by disease genes can
two to three times that number, many proteins are hardly be specified at first glance
still recognizably similar in sequence and task,
reflecting their common ancestry. In fact, when E) the variety of proteins in the fruit fly genome
scientists have put human disease genes into flies, still needs to be thoroughly explored
they often cause the same symptoms in the insects
as they do in people. Furthermore, addition of 46. When humans and fruit flies are compared
anormal human gene can sometimes compensate for genetically, it is seen that ----..
the deletion of the same gene from the fly.
A) there are no similarities between them at all
43. It is understood from the passage that ----.. B) there are many differences which still require
further explanation
A) the proteins encoded in the human genome C) human disease genes do not affect fruit flies
and that of the fruit fly bear many similarities when implanted into them
B) all human genes cause disease symptoms in D) fruit flies are much more prone to suffer from
flies disease
C) humans have the same number of proteins in E) several of their proteins display the same
their genome as fruit flies pattern of arrangement and function
D) humans and fruit flies have no similarities in

their genomes
E) humans and fruit flies are the only species with

innumerable proteins in their genomes
A) there are no similarities at all between different

species
B) the combinations of proteins in living beings

have yet to be fully identified
C) the cause of the variety between species

cannot be understood
D) the evolution of life on earth has taken a very,

very long period of time
E) the various species do not share a common

origin
the villagers living in a certain area of Papua
cevaplaynz. New Guinea ----..
A) chose to leave the area after an earthquake

The reasons for language death range from natural
disasters to different forms of cultural assimilation. B) formed a close community in spite of
Small communities in isolated areas can easily be languagedifferences
wiped out by earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis and
other natural disasters. On 17th July 1998, a 7.1 C) shared a common, very primitive language
magnitude earthquake off the coast of Papua New
D) did not speak a common language
Guinea killed more than 2.2Q0 people and displaced a
further 10, 000 people. Many villages were destroyed; E) were the least affected by the 1998 earthquake
and some 30% of the villagers were killed. The people
in these villages had been identified as
being sufficiently different from each other in
1998 earthquake in Papua New Guinea ----..
their speech to justify the recognition of four
separate languages, but the numbers were very
small. Moreover, as the survivors moved away to A) took the native population by surprise, and
care centers and other locations, these caused untold destruction
communities and thus their languages could not
B) was one of the worst natural disasters ever to
survive the trauma of displacement. have occurred in the region
C) killed half of the country\'s village population

47. According to the passage, the D) was followed by a major tsunami which wiped
disappearance of a language ----.. out many villages
E) did not only kill the people themselves, but also

A) can bebrought about by the effects ofnatural
their languages
disasters
B) rarely results fromcultural assimilation
C) resultsinthedisappearanceof localcommunities
D) is a cultural process that cannot be prevented
E) seemstobeunavoidable but regrettable
48. We learn from the passage that four of

the local languages used in Papua New
Guinea were lost ----..
A) because the death toll was unimaginably high
B) and these were the ones most widely spoken
C) owing to the displacement of the people

whospoke these languages
D) owing to various forms of cultural assimilation
E) in spite of efforts to preserve them

52. According to the passage, the Uluburun
Wreck ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) has provided much evidence about

therelationship between Anatolia and the
It is thought that sails were invented by the
easternMediterranean
Egyptians around 3400 B.C. Harnessing wind power
for sea transport was a crucial factor in the B) was the first one ever to be discovered
development of civilisation, enabling Egyptian sailors inTurkish coastal waters
to carry the timber they needed from the thickly
forested coasts of Lebanon, and later taking them to C) has shed light on the kind of goods
transportedby ships in ancient times
Cyprus where there were plentiful deposits of copper
and to the coasts of Anatolia. Trade began to flourish D) has yielded some extremely precious artifacts
in the eastern Mediterranean, but of the thousands of
ships which came and went from Anatolian harbours, E) was richer in treasures than any
some were inevitably wrecked in storms. The ships otherdiscovered in the Mediterranean
and cargoes which sank to the seabed over the
centuries are today providing illuminating evidence 53. According to the passage, the invention
about maritime and commercial history. Since the of sails in Egypt ---- ..
first underwater excavations were carried out in
Turkish coastal waters in 1960, much has been
A) enabled ships to travel long distances
discovered about shipbuilding technology in antiquity
moresafely
and the commodities the ships were carrying.
Undoubtedly, the most important wreck excavated so B) rapidly had an adverse effect on the
far is the Uluburun Wreck, which is the earliest of all, maritimeactivities of neighboring countries
dating from the late Bronze Age. This ship sank 3300
years ago and is accounted one of the most important C) resulted from the need to carry copper
ten archaeological discoveries of the 20th century. fromCyprus
The gold seal of Queen Nefertiti and a two-leaf D) made her the leading maritime power in
wooden book, the oldest book in the world, are theeastern Mediterranean
among the hundreds of remarkable finds.
E) made it possible for the Egyptians to engagein
overseas trade
51. It is pointed out in the passage

that underwater archaeology along the 54. As we learn from the passage, one of
coasts of Turkey ----.. the benefits of Turkey's underwater
archaeological discoveries ---- ..
A) has only recently begun to gain recognition

inthe world A) was that it opened up a new field of study
B) goes back for over four decades B) has been to attract a great deal of foreign
attention
C) has, apart from the Uluburun Wreck,
proveddisappointing C) is that our knowledge of ancient shipping and
trade has increased
D) has just about exhausted all possible sites
ofwrecks D) has been to solve a long controversy
concerning trade links between Anatolia and
E) has so far only been concerned with theBronze Egypt
Age wrecks
E) has been to establish the definite dating of
Egypt\'s expansion into Lebanon
57. It is implied in the passage that herbicides
used for weed killing ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) have certainly done much damage to the

environment in Denmark
Robots make unlikely green warriors, but they could
soon be doing their bit for the environment. Trials of a B) can be most effective if they are sprayed along
Danish robot that maps the position of weeds growing with fertilizer
among crops suggest that herbicide use could be
reduced by 70 per cent if farmers used it to adopt C) are more commonly preferred in the United
more selective spraying techniques. Actually, the States than in Denmark
robot drives across fields scanning the ground for any
D) cause no environmental damage if applied only
weeds and noting their positions. A later version will in small amounts
be able to kill the weeds too by applying a few drops
of herbicide. But the longer-term goal is to avoid E) are poisonous and, therefore, threaten the
herbicides altogether by having the robot pluck the environment
weeds out of the ground rather than poisoning them.
Although weed killing robots have already been put to 58. As is clear from the passage, the type of
work in the United States, they cannot be used for robot currently under trial in Denmark ----..
agricultural purposes because they do not distinguish
between plant species and tend to treat anything
A) is actually adaptable to all kinds of agricultural
green as a weed. Instead, they are used to clear
purposes
unwanted plants from railways and airport runways.
B) has been regarded by farmers as a major step
forward in agricultural technology
55. As one understands from the passage, when C) identifies the weeds among crops but does not
the ultimate version of the weed killing robot pluck them
comes into use, ----..
D) has been copied from the type which is used in
the United States and is far more efficient
A) there will be no need for the use of herbicides
since weeds will simply be pulled out by the E) is not able to tell the difference between
robot different plant species
B) herbicides will no longer be used anywhere in
the world
C) the American type of weedkilling robots will

still be used since they are very efficient
D) farmers will be able to upgrade their spraying

techniques in order to kill the weeds among
their crops
E) many of the environmental problems farmers

face will be solved much more efficiently
56. It is clear from the passage that robots used

in the United States for weed killing ----..
A) are a technological challenge that farmers in

Denmark and the United States face
B) were first invented and widely used by farmers

in the United States
C) will never be useful for improving traditional

spraying techniques
D) are convenient for use only on railways and

airport runways rather than in farming areas
E) are being developed and tested in Denmark

61. According to the passage, Seversky was
unable to return to Russia due to ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) his employment as an aeronautical engineer for

the US War Department
The first documented scheme for in-flight refuelling
came from a young Russian aviator named Alexander B) the dangers of international travel at the time
de Seversky. His father owned a plane and taught him
to fly when he was in his early teens.In 1917, when he C) changes in the political situation there
was 23, Seversky proposed a method for extending
D) the fact that he was an extremely popular
flight: One plane could carry extra fuel and deliver it
aircraft designer
to another through a hose.After the Russian
Revolution, Russias new Bolshevik government sent E) the political nature of the book he published in
him to the United States to study aircraft design, and 1942
he stayed there when political developments made
his return to Russia dangerous.He got a job as an
62. It is clear from the passage that Severskys
aeronautical engineer for the US War Department and original plan for in-flight refuelling ----..
was awarded the worlds first patent for air-to-air
refuelling, in which large fuel tankers would supply
fuel to fighter aircraft while in flight. Seversky went on A) was perceived as a threat by the Russian
to a distinguished career in airplane design and government
achieved perhaps his greatest fame as the author of B) involved the transfer of fuel from one airborne
the influential 1942 book Victory through Air Power. aircraft to another by means of a hose
He never put his refuelling plan into action, though,
and other aviators later came up with ideas of their C) gave him a clear advantage when he was
own. applying for work in the United States
D) was inspired by his aeronautical studies in

America
59. One understands from the passage that
although Alexander de Seversky was the E) was completely revised, following suggestions
owner of the first patent for in-flight from the US War Department
refuelling ----..

A) the US War Department was uninterested in bo braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek
his plans ifadeyi bulunuz.
B) his true passion was always flying, which he
learned as a teenager
C) Russias Bolshevik government did not support 63. Judy : What do you know about John Stuart
his schemes Mill?
Tom : As far as I can recall, he was the most
D) his plans were never implemented committed and influential defender of
personal liberty in Victorian Britain in the
E) other inventors made use of his ideas on 19th century.
aircraft design Judy : ----
Tom : Indeed, he was. He wrote many essays
on womens political rights..
60. We see from the passage that Severskys
1942 book Victory through Air Power ----..
A) Agreed. In his On Liberty, he defended
individual freedom in the face of the state and
A) made him more famous than his ideas for the tyranny of the majority.
inflight refuelling
B) I know his On Liberty became one of the
B) was extremely unpopular in Bolshevik Russia defining texts of Western liberalism.
C) was used as a training manual by the US War C) He strongly argued that human freedom was
Department essential to social progress.
D) extensively detailed his plans for in-flight D) Yet, for me, more importantly, he was a
refuelling dedicated supporter of suffrage for women.
E) remained unpublished at the time of his death E) Historically, the Reform Bill of 1867 in Britain
marked the high point of British liberalism.
64. Peter: I've just been to the European Festival 66. Richard : Ive been reading about the ancient
Science on Stage. Alison:Yes, I heard about Egyptians lately.
it. There was a lot of talk about young Antony : How interesting! Anything
people, wasn't there? Peter : There was, particularly drawing your attention?
especially on how to ensure that in the future Richard : It is claimed by some linguists that
we have enough scientists. Alison : ---- the early Egyptian language might represent
Peter:That's exactly what I think too. the survival of a root language from which
Children are our future.. the other languages of the Afro-Asiatic group
evolved in the past.
Antony : ----.
A) There\'s no problem. We\'ll always have enough
people who want to be scientists.
A) Possible. In fact, the language of the ancient
B) Personally, I don\'t think it has anything to do Egyptians has for long been a matter of debate
with age. among linguists.
C) There has really been a decrease in the B) Actually, as you may remember, the first
number of young scientists. known permanent settlement in Egypt dates
back to approximately 4750 B.C.
D) Yes, it\'s all to do with education. Science
teachers need to inspire young people. C) You know that the patterns of development in
ancient Egypt differed greatly from those of the
E) I think scientists are really lucky. They\'re doing Sumerians in Mesopotamia.
a job that they love.
D) It is true that, due to the Nile, ancient Egypt
was able to forge a cultural and political unity.
65. David: Hello, Tina. Hows your job hunt
going?
E) You must recall that the Egyptian system of
Tina: As a matter of fact, I just got a new job.
pictographic writing, called hieroglyphs, has
Ill be starting next week.
always fascinated modern scholars.
David: ----
Tina: At the African Development Bank. Their
main goal is to reduce poverty and improve 67. Terence :It is a fact that the oversea
living standards in Africa.. maritime explorations in the late fifteenth
and early sixteenth centuries improved our
knowledge of geography tremendously.
A) How much money will you be making? Its not Jim : Well, we all know it. Why do you bring it
easy to get by these days, you know. up?
Terence : ----
B) Thats okay! Keep looking. You never know
Jim : Naturally, the same view was held by
what will come up.
the Church and also the crusaders..
C) Are you sure you are ready? Working at a bank
means a lot of responsibility. A) Ancient geographers divided the earth into five
climatic zones that are still recognized today.
D) Congratulations! Thats great news! Where will
you be working? B) Actually, in antiquity, geography owed most of
its development to the Hellenistic astronomer
E) Is there anything I can do? I have friends that Eratosthenes.
can help you find a good job.
C) The amazing thing is that, by means of sundials
placed some hundreds of miles apart, the
astronomer Eratosthenes calculated the
circumference of the earth.
D) For the simple reason that the world was

understood differently and wrongly in the
Middle Ages. For instance, medieval
geographers regarded Jerusalem as the centre
of the earth.
E) In fact, it was the Hellenistic astronomer and

geographer Eratosthenes that first suggested
the possibility of reaching eastern Asia by
sailing west.
70. All agree that the environment has to be
protected, but should it really take priority
en yakn cmleyi bulunuz. over education and public health?.
A) Are we all agreed that the needs of

68. We have to postpone going on holiday until environmental protection should take priority
mother completely gets over her illness.. over the claims of education and public health?
B) Though the need for environmental protection

A) We are considering going on holiday if mother is not contested, do we really regard the claims
feels well enough soon. of education, and public health as of less
importance?
B) As mother was ill, we couldn't leave on holiday
and had to wait until she recovered. C) It is not agreed that the claims of education
and public health cannot be ranked below
C) I don't think it's a good idea to go on holiday those of environmental protection?
before mother gets over her illness completely.
D) However pressing may be the needs of
D) For a thorough recovery, mother has to put off environmental protection, is it not generally
going on holiday until later. agreed that those of education and public
health should take priority?
E) We can't go on holiday before mother has fully
recovered her health. E) The claims of education and public health will
come high on our list of priorities, but can\\\'t
69. Languages are much more than a means of we agree to put those of environmental
communication, as they also express and protection even higher?
shape the way we see the world and the way
we see ourselves.. 71. I would willingly have lent you the money
myself if only I'd known you needed it..
A) We use languages to communicate, but it is
unclear whether they influence the way we see A) As I realized just how necessary the loan was to
the world around us. you, I naturally lent you what you needed.
B) Languages, though they both help us in B) I am quite willing to give you a loan myself if
communication and in shaping our worldview, you can convince me that it is necessary.
do not have any effect on how we perceive
ourselves. C) Had I realized that you were in need of such a
loan, I would gladly have lent it to you myself.
C) We express and shape our worldview thanks to
languages, but their primary function is to let D) I would lend you the money willingly if I were
us communicate. convinced that you really require it.
D) The fact that languages are a means of E) I was under no obligation to offer you a loan,
communication does not stop us from using but nevertheless did so gladly.
them for other purposes such as shaping our
worldview.
E) Languages are not only a means of

communication for us, because they also
influence our worldview and our self-
perception.
74. Spoken and written language is not our only
means of communication. We all exchange
parada anlam btnln salamak iin messages by nonverbal cues that form a
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz. silent language. ----. To illustrate, in most
Western countries, black is associated with
death..
72. ---- There are those that affect the body

surfaces they contact, and those that A) For products to succeed, their colours must
damage the general nervous system. Surface match the consumers frame of reference
agents include phosgene gas, chlorine gas,
hydrogen cyanide, and mustard gas. While B) Another aspect of silent language is the
the principal action of the first three occurs distance between people during conversations
through inhalation, mustard is ablistering
agent that damages any surface it contacts, C) In the US, people usually arrive early for a
including the skin. Nerve agents, on the business appointment and a few minutes late
other hand, which include the chemicals for a dinner at someones house
sarin, soman, and tabun, act by blocking the
D) Colours, for instance, convey meanings that
transmission of nerve messages throughout
come from cultural experience
the body. A single drop of nerve agent can
shut down the bodys nervous system.. E) When dealing with someone from another
country that shares your official language,
A) A biological attack involves dispersing agents dont assume that communication will go
into the air. smoothly
B) Chemical warfare involves the use of 75. One of the primary causes of the 2001
compounds to kill an enemy. currency crisis was the unhealthy structure
of the banking sector, stemming from several
C) Biological weapons use living microorganisms
factors. For instance, there were problems
to infect large masses of people.
with the state banks, which the governments
D) Both biological and chemical weapons are used for noncommercial objectives. ----
considered weapons of mass destruction. Moreover, the banking sector faced problems
created by high public sector deficits. The
E) Chemical warfare agents can be grouped into steps they took against this made them open
two general types. to risky changes in interest rates and
exchange rates..
73. Indian parents have long been known to

prefer sons to daughters. This is because of A) As a result, state banks enjoyed the low
the prejudice that sons care for parents in interest rates for the money they borrowed.
their old age, whereas daughters must be
married off at great expense. ----. To put it B) In fact, the government took steps to improve
bluntly, ultrasound technology is enabling taxation, and thus, improve its revenues.
parents to anticipate and abort unwanted
female babies.. C) To cover the losses caused by this, the state
banks borrowed money at very high interest
rates.
A) In an effort to curb this trend, India, a decade
ago, imposed a ban on the use of ultrasound to D) The government believed that investment in
determine sex. privatization would bring higher income to
state banks.
B) It now seems that modern science is
increasingly being used in the service of this E) On the other hand, most companies began to
traditional prejudice invest heavily in high technology.
C) In the 1990s, the total population of India rose

by 21 percent, to 1.03 billion
D) In 1981, there were 976 girls for every 1000

boys age six and under in India
E) In south-western Delhi, one of India's richest

districts, the girl-boy ratio declined in the
1990s to a shocking 845 girls for every 1000
boys
78. (I) Britains character has been shaped by its
geographical position as an island. (II) Never
okunduunda parann anlam btnln successfully invaded since 1066, its people
bozan cmleyi bulunuz. have developed their own distinctive
traditions.(III) Founded by the Romans in the
first century A.D.as an administrative centre
and trading port, London is the capital of the
76. (I) The end of antibiotics is not a new story. country. (IV) This is also reflected in the
(II) For as long as there have been countrys historical heritage of castles,
antibiotics, there has been antibiotic cathedrals and stately homes. (V) Indeed,
resistance. (III) The first penicillin-resistant although today a member of the European
bacteria surfaced before penicillin was even Union, Britain continues to maintain its
released to the marketplace in the 1940s. nonconformity..
(IV) So, many lethal infections that
antibiotics have held at bay for decades
might soon return with a vengeance. (V) And A) I
since almost the beginning, doctors have
raised the alarm over running out of drugs, B) II
sparked by the global spread of penicillin-
resistant organisms from the 1950s to the C) III
1990s..
D) IV
A) I E) V
B) II 79. (I) The negotiations between union leaders

and company representatives have not
C) III
aroused much interest. (II) The strike is the
D) IV unions weapon of last resort. (III) Most
unions maintain strike funds in order to
E) V support their members when they call them
out on strike; but these funds are small, and
strike pay is usually very much below normal
77. (I) Robotics has achieved its greatest success wages. (IV) So unions cannot afford to call
to date in the world of industrial strikes irresponsibly, and major official
manufacturing. (II) Robot arms, or strikes are relatively uncommon. (V)
manipulators, comprise a 2 billion dollar Nevertheless, the big strikes are important;
industry.(III) For example, Plustechs walking for the success or failure of one big strike can
robot provides automatic leg coordination affect the results of all the other collective
while the human operator chooses an overall bargaining under way at the time..
direction of travel. (IV) Bolted at its shoulder
to a specific position in the assembly line, the
robot arm can move with great speed and A) I
accuracy to perform repetitive tasks such as
spot welding and painting. (V) In the B) II
electronics industry, manipulators place
surface-mounted components with C) III
superhuman precision, making industrial
D) IV
products such as the portable telephone and
laptop computer possible.. E) V
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
80. (I) Science, which was once thought to
provide the answer to all human needs, has
proved its inner contradiction. (II) On the one
hand, it has enormously broadened and
disseminated mans understanding of himself
and of his environment, while on the other
hand it has unleashed forces of immense
destructive potential. (III) The prime example
is of course nuclear power. (IV) This
ambivalence of science has destroyed the
belief that science is essentially good in
human terms and that the more science there
is, the better it is for man. (V) Therefore,
governments are urged to allocate more
resources for further scientific research..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 C 41 B
2 D 42 A
3 D 43 A
4 B 44 D
5 A 45 B
6 B 46 E
7 E 47 A
8 D 48 C
9 A 49 D
10 C 50 E
11 D 51 B
12 A 52 D
13 C 53 E
14 A 54 C
15 A 55 A
16 A 56 D
17 D 57 E
18 B 58 C
19 C 59 D
20 B 60 A
21 D 61 C
22 E 62 B
23 A 63 D
24 C 64 D
25 D 65 D
26 A 66 A
27 A 67 D
28 D 68 E
29 D 69 E
30 B 70 B
31 D 71 C
32 C 72 E
33 E 73 B
34 C 74 D
35 D 75 C
36 B 76 D
37 D 77 C
38 E 78 C
39 B 79 A
40 B 80 E
13
5. Various surveys have ---- that organizations
which encourage their employees to air their
yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi opinions have better productivity and lower
bulunuz. turnover ratios..
A) got into
1. Organized youth camps provide young people
with not only different forms of outdoor ---- B) found out
but also training in co-operation, initiative,
and resourcefulness.. C) broke into
D) swept away
A) sustenance
E) put in
B) irresponsibility
6. Few people know that many research
C) permanence
projects are ---- solely by the EU..
D) relevance
A) settled down
E) recreation
B) put up with
2. Microorganisms are of ---- value to the
Earths ecology, disintegrating animal and C) written up
plant remains and turning them into simpler
D) set out
substances..
E) carried out
A) consecutive
7. Janet Malcolm, who is an admired
B) disputable photographer and ---- pictures since the early
1960s, generally ---- her summers
C) controversial
photographing people and places in Africa..
D) resistant
A) took / has been spending
E) incalculable
B) had been taking / will spend
3. As the automotive sector continues to ---- its
operations, it creates even more jobs and C) has been taking / spends
opportunities in the communities where it
D) takes / has spent
does business..
E) had taken / would spend
A) settle
8. Although book reviews ---- whether a given
B) extract book ----, many works succeed commercially
despite negative reviews..
C) expand
D) contract A) may determine / will be extensively sold

E) reduce B) are determining / is extensively sold
4. Einstein's theory of relativity gives C) determined / had extensively sold

predictions that differ very little from the
D) will determine / would have been extensively
older theories of Galileo and Newton in ---- all
sold
every day situations..
E) have determined / has been extensively sold
A) identically
B) flexibly
C) nearly
D) usefully
E) externally
9. The doctor advised him to have monthly 14. Lung cancer is the most common cause of
check-ups ---- any return of symptoms might death ---- cancer ---- both men and women..
be detected immediately..
A) about / with
A) if ever
B) from / in
B) in case
C) with / for
C) such as
D) in / over
D) even though
E) through / about
E) so that
15. Huge cities create enormous amounts of
10. Many ordinary people don't realize that fat waste, and the urban lifestyle includes
is not digested in the stomach, ---- in the creation of waste that is mostly non-
small intestine.. biodegradable, ---- the generous use of
plastic wares..
A) although
A) in exchange for
B) but
B) in return
C) because
C) besides
D) unless
D) rather than
E) while
E) thanks to
11. Even if they ---- with a great care, they ----
that a student can speak a foreign language 16. The idea ---- birds descended from dinosaurs
to any degree at all.. has got stronger and stronger since it was
proposed a couple of decades ago..
A) are followed / may not show

A) which
B) were to follow / cannot show
B) that
C) had followed / might not have showed
C) what
D) follow / should not show
D) when
E) is to follow / has shown
E) if
12. The lecture he gave was highly complicated
with the result that ---- people were capable
of following it..
A) lesser
B) a few
C) few
D) more
E) most
13. Evidence clearly shows there is a preventive

effect ---- aspirin and other anti-inflammatory
drugs ---- colorectal cancer..
A) after / with
B) on / to
C) of / on
D) without / by
E) between / beside
21. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) As
B) By
Since life began, more than 3.5billion years ago, C) From

evolution has produced an (I) ----variety of living
things.Some (II) ----as fossils that tell us about how D) On
they lived. They show thatanimal life underwent an
E) For
explosive burst of evolution about 545 billion
yearsago. Some of these animals had strange body
forms that have not been seensince. Furthermore, the
first plants moved from water (III) ---- land about
440million years ago, and by about 325 million years
ago, the first flying insectshad taken to air. (IV) ----,
there have also been setbacks. (V) ---- at leastfive
occasions, mass extinctions have wiped out huge
number of species.
17. I.
A) inferior
B) identical
C) approximate
D) impossible
E) enormous
18. II.
A) have been preserved
B) were to be preserved
C) will be preserved
D) had been preserved
E) would have been preserved
19. III.
A) within
B) above
C) into
D) through
E) onto
20. IV.
A) Moreover
B) Therefore
C) However
D) Otherwise
E) Likewise
26. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) continue
B) exceed
There are many little-known diseasesin the world. C) replace

One of them is XP, a (I) ---- genetic disorder which
affects onein a million children. It is caused (II) ---- an D) deprive
enzyme deficiency which makes theskin overly (III) ----
E) complete
to sunlight. Eventually, fatal skin cancers and
braintumours (IV) ---- and to date there is no effective
way of treating them.Indeed, few patients with this 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
disorder manage to (V) ---- their teens. ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
22. I.
27. ---- before the technology has been shown
to work in animals..
A) rare
B) harmless A) Laws governing stem cell research remain

uncertain throughout the world
C) considerate
B) Australia is home to some of the worlds top
D) common stem cell researchers
E) desperate C) In Britain, researchers could already harvest

stem cells from surplus embryos created from
IVF
23. II.
D) Some scientists believe it would be premature
to study human embryonic stem cells
A) with
E) Embryonic stem cell research didnt lead to
B) from cures for diseases like Parkinsons
C) by
28. --- which are invisible in ordinary telescopes..
D) through
E) out of A) It is now possible to design and plan

experiments concerning space
24. III. B) Radio astronomers are able to study the more
distant parts of the Milky Way
A) sensation
C) Since then it has been possible to observe
B) sensitive celestial bodies on radio wavelengths
C) sensible D) Following this work on Cepheid variables, our

knowledge of the universe
D) sensitively
E) Conclusive evidence has been put forward
E) sensibility about the Milky Way
25. IV.
A) have developed
B) are developed
C) to develop
D) develop
E) were developing
29. Until science develops ways of predicting 32. In an attempt to reach India by sailing
natural disasters earlier and more accurately, across the Arctic, the English navigators Sir
----.. Richard Chancellor and Stephen Burrough
sailed into the White Sea in 1553, ----..
A) prevention, unfortunately, usually eludes us

A) just as this was eventually achieved by the
B) flooding regularly takes a heavy toll of human American explorer Robert E. Peary
life
B) since the project was later revived by the
C) modern technology cannot shield us from the Dutch
destructive force of a hurricane
C) but were prevented from advancing farther by
D) they will continue to cause untold suffering storms and ice
throughout the world
D) as soon as the Arctic had become the goal of
E) the lethal release of natural carbon dioxide is explorers
entirely preventable
E) until such attempts were more numerous and
determined
30. Unless there is adequate foam to completely
cover the burning material ----..
33. ----, the Trojan hero Hector was killed
by Achillas who dragged his body round
A) there is little hope of extinguishing the fire the walls of Troy..
B) the starvation principle hasn\'t been effective
A) Even if the Trojans had not been attacked by
C) an alternative method would be to demolish the Greeks
nearby buildings and create a fire stop
B) As we learn from Homer\'s Iliad
D) it is smothering that works by limiting oxygen
C) If the Trojan War had broken out-
E) there is no fear of further combustion
D) Since the Iliad is a famous Homeric epic
31. ----, when Eveready introduced the
E) Unless the full archaeological evidence of the
alkaline battery..
Trojan War has been established
A) Their technological success is still being 34. ---, some people regard their local dams
questioned as beautiful..
B) Many new materials have been adapted for
battery use A) Because dams incontestably destroy
ecosystems
C) Mercury, too, has recently been eliminated
from batteries on account of its toxicity B) Just as a bridge or canal or industrial building
can become a valued part of the scenery
D) The lifespan of these batteries are expected to
improve C) Since many past dam projects would never
have been started in today\'s more ecologically
E) The first major advance in flashlight batteries aware conditions
came in 1959
D) Even though dams embodied the American
ideal of progress in the past
E) So long as communities have grown up around

the slack water that dams create
35. ---, life as we know it could not exist.. 38. Atein kefinden sonra, insanlar, yksek
scaklklara mruz kalan belirli kayalar ve
mineraller dedeiiklikler fark etmeye
A) As far as they had penetrated baladlar..
B) Since the ozone layer had been irreparably
damaged A) Following the discovery of fire, people noticed
that, under high temperatures, certain changes
C) If the Earth were directly exposed to solar wind in rocks and minerals began.
D) Until considerably more knowledge is B) After the discovery of fire, people began to
accumulated notice changes in certain rocks and minerals
exposed to high temperatures.
E) That everything points to the contrary in these
arctic regions C) When fire was discovered, it was noticed that,
because of high temperature, certain changes
36. Statistics show that the risk of a fatality, ----, began to take place in rocks and minerals.
is proportional to the distance covered..
D) With the discovery of fire, man became aware
of certain changes which began to take place in
A) while driving on rural interstate highways rocks and minerals due to high temperatures.
B) that did not include intermediate take-offs and E) After fire was discovered, human beings
landings became aware that, due to high temperatures,
certain rocks and minerals began to change.
C) until a natural disaster has occurred
D) so long as the driver was experienced 39. Deiik sektrlerden byk Avrupa ve Kore
irketleri Brezilyann daha yoksul olan
E) which could have been prevented kuzeydou blgesine yatrm yapmaya karar
verdi..
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleye A) The poorer north eastern region of Brazil is
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke attracting the attention of large European and
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi Korean companies of various sectors.
bulunuz.
B) Some of the large European and Korean
companies from various sectors are eager to
invest in the poor north eastern region of
37. Enzim bozukluklarn ieren yzlerce insan Brazil.
hastalna gen deiimlerinin neden olduu
anlalmtr.. C) Large European and Korean companies from
various sectors have decided to invest in the
poorer north eastern region of Brazil.
A) Hundreds of human diseases involving enzyme
defects have been found to be caused by D) The poor north eastern area of Brazil is
genetic mutations. attracting investors from various large
companies in Europe and Korea.
B) It has been established that genetic mutations
have caused hundreds of human diseases E) The poor north eastern part of Brazil would
including enzyme defects. benefit from investments made by European
and Korean large companies involved in a
C) Genetic mutations have been found to be the variety of fields.
cause of hundreds of human diseases as well
as enzyme defects.
D) Hundred of human diseases have been found

to result from genetic mutations and enzyme
defects.
E) As it is known, hundreds of human diseases

have been caused by genetic mutations
involving enzyme defects.
40. People who do not consume milk products or 42. The Suez Canal, which connects the
other calcium-rich foods that provide even Mediterranean and the Red Sea, was
half of the recommended calcium amount designed and built by the French engineer De
may benefit from calcium supplements.. Lesseps..
A) St rnleri ya da kalsiyum ynnden zengin A) Akdeniz ile Kzl Denizi birletiren Svey
dier besinleri tketmeyenler nerilen kalsiyum Kanal, Fransz mhendis De Lesseps tarafndan
miktarnn ancak yarsn alabildiklerinden tasarlanm ve ina edilmitir.
kalsiyum desteinden yararlanabilirler.
B) Fransz mhendis De Lessepsin tasarlam ve
B) Tavsiye edilen kalsiyum miktarnn yarsn bile ina etmi olduu Svey Kanal, Akdeniz ile
karlayacak miktarda st rnleri ya da Kzl Denizi birletirir.
kalsiyum bakmndan zengin dier besinleri
tketmeyen insanlar kalsiyum desteinden C) Svey Kanaln tasarlayp ina eden Fransz
yararlanabilirler. mhendis De Lesseps, Akdeniz ile Kzl Denizi
birletirmeyi amalamtr.
C) Tavsiye edilen kalsiyum miktarnn yarsn
karlayacak kadar kalsiyum desteinden D) Svey Kanalnn Fransz mhendis De Lesseps
yararlanan insanlar st rnleri ve kalsiyum tarafndan tasarlanp ina edilmesiyle,
ynnden zengin dier besinleri Akdenizin Kzl Deniz ile birlemesi
tketmeyebilirler. salanmtr.
D) nerilen kalsiyum miktarnn yarsn karlasa E) Akdeniz ile Kzl Denizin birlemesi, Fransz
da kalsiyum desteinden yararlanan insanlar mhendis De Lessepsin Svey Kanaln
st rnleri ve kalsiyum bakmndan zengin tasarlayp ina etmesiyle olmutur.
dier besinleri de tketmelidirler.
E) Kalsiyum desteinden yararlanan insanlar,

tavsiye edilen kalsiyum miktarnn ancak
yarsn karlayabilecek miktarda st rnleri
ya da kalsiyum bakmndan zengin dier
besinleri tketenlerdir.
41. Carl Sandburg, known as theChicago Poet,

spent most of his life in Illinois, where he had
been born, though he travelled extensively
around the country..
A) ikago Ozan olarak bilinen Carl Sandburg,

lke iinde ok seyahat etmi olsa da
yaamnn ounu, domu olduu llinoisde
geirdi.
B) lke iinde uzun seyahatlere km olan Carl

Sandburg, yaamnn byk bir blmn
doup byd llinoisde geirdii iin
ikago Ozan olarak tannmtr.
C) Carl Sandburg, yaamnn ounu lkeyi batan

baa dolaarak geirmi olsada llinoisde
doduu iin ikago Ozan olarak bilinir.
D) Yaamnn tamamn, doup byd

llinoisde geiren Carl Sandburg ikago
Ozan olarak tannm ve lke iinde sk sk
seyahat etmitir.
E) Carl Sandburg, lke iinde pek ok kez

seyahete km ise de yaamnn ounu
doum yeri llinoisde geirdii iin ikago
Ozan olarak tannmtr.
44. It can be understood from the passage that,
in the early 1900s, people feared mental
cevaplaynz. hospitals and mental patients due to ----..
A) their lack of education about mental health

Despite various scientific advances, in the early
1900s the public still did not understand mental B) the torture and chains that were still in
illness and viewed mental hospitals and their in mates constant use to cure mental illness
with fear and horror. Clifford Beers undertook the task
of educating the public about mental health. Asa C) the book Clifford Beers had written about his
young man, Beers developed a bipolar disorder and experiences in mental hospitals
was confined for 3 years in several private and state
D) the work of the National Committee for Mental
hospitals. Although chains and other methods of Hygiene
torture had been abandoned long before, the
straitjacket was still widely used to restrain excited E) the inmates who had escaped from the
patients. Lack of funds made the average state hospitals
mental hospital with its overcrowded wards, poor
food, and unsympathetic attendants a far from 45. It is pointed out in the passage that the part
pleasant place to live. After his recovery, Beers wrote played by the mental hygiene movement in
about his experiences in the now-famous book A Mind founding centres for child guidance and
That Found Itself (1908), which aroused considerable mental health was ----..
public interest. Beers worked ceaselessly to educate
the public about mental illness and helped to organize A) unwanted
the National Committee for Mental Hygiene. In 1950,
this organization joined with two related groups to B) minimal
form the National Association for Mental Health. The
mental hygiene movement played an invaluable role C) not at all helpful
in stimulating the organization of child-guidance
D) extremely important
clinics and community mental health centres to aid in
the prevention and treatment of mental disorders. E) short-lived
46. It can be inferred from the passage that

43. According to the passage, Clifford Beers Beersdesire to educate people about mental
book, A Mind That Found Itself, ----.. health resulted from ----. .
A) became popular when it was published, but is A) the improvements he saw taking place in
not popular anymore mental hospitals
B) concentrates on the better aspects of life in a B) his three-year confinement in mental hospitals
mental hospital
C) his having been chained for long periods of
C) did not gain much popularity among the public time
D) did little to inform the public about what went D) his reading of the book A Mind That Found Itself
on inside mental hospitals
E) various scientific advances
E) made people more interested in mental health
than they had previously been
49. It is suggested in the passage that a
major cause for Norway's reluctance to
cevaplaynz. cooperate with foreign companies is ----..
A) the outcome of the importance given to her

Norway was transformed by the discovery of oil
agricultural economy
and gas in the North Sea in the 1960s and its
previously agricultural-based economy saw an B) the fear that she would lose control of her
explosion of wealth. But since then a fierce but natural resources
seemingly misplaced sense of national pride appears
to be preventing Norwegian companies from C) her concern about the future of the oil reserves
in the North Sea
making sensible business decisions to capitalize on
the natural advantages the country has been D) the fact that she doesn\'t realize the
handed. State intervention has supported advantages of such a policy
entrepreneurial business ever since, but now times
are tougher. Companies in other parts of Scandinavia E) the hostility she constantly faces in other
have realized that in order to keep ahead in a Scandinavian countries
global economy, and win foreign market share, they
not only need greater financial power but also 50. We understand from the passage
partners with local knowledge. However, rather than that Norwegian companies, at present, ----..
taking a similar proactive approach, Norwegian
companies are adopting a defensive stance and seem
A) are fully confident that their policies will
perplexed by a sudden wave of hostile takeover bids. putthem well ahead of other
Scandinaviancompanies
B) are investing heavily in the North Sea oil

47. As we understand from the passage, andgas industry
the Norwegian economy ----..
C) are collectively resisting every form of
A) has been integrated into the global economy stateintervention
B) has preserved its traditional agricultural D) are taking a strong proactive approach to
patterndespite the discovery of North Sea oil theglobal economy
and gas
E) have no decisive policy as regards
C) is still in the forefront of European economy globalpartnerships
D) received a big lift through revenues

comingfrom oil and gas
E) is fully based upon its oil and gas resources
48. According to the passage, in contrast

to Norwegian companies, the companies of
other Scandinavian countries ----..
A) have mostly been taken over by big,

globalcompanies
B) are putting their oilreserves to very good use
C) are aware of the advantages of working

withforeign partners
D) have constantly received financial aid from

thestate
E) aregoingthrough a periodof recession

52. According to the passage, ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) most people feared Germany more than
France, Russia and Britain at that time
The First World War could be called the War of the B) the Central Powers did everything possible to
Ottoman Succession. It was, in part, a struggle help the Ottoman Empire recapture territory in
between Austria and Russia for domination in the the east
areas in the Balkans once ruled by the Ottoman
Empire. Its first shots were fired in the former C) the Ottoman government sought assistance
Ottoman city of Sarajevo. Throughout the summer from the Turkish-speaking peoples of central
Asia
and autumn of 1914, as the European powers were
locked in battle, the Ottoman government hesitated. D) the Ottoman governments decision to form an
Finally, at the end of October, against the wishes of alliance with Germany was partly based on the
his colleagues, Enver Pasha decided to attack Russian hope of regaining some Greek islands
targets with the new warships in the Black Sea. His
decision led to war across Europe, the collapse of the E) Germany was disliked in Europe for the role it
Ottoman Empire and the end of stability in the Middle played in attacking Russian targets
East. Initially, the alliance between the Ottoman
Empire and the Central Powers worked well. In the 53. According to the passage, Enver Pasha ----..
first half of the 20th century, Germany was not the
source of horror that it later became. Britain, France
A) was determined to side with the Central Powers
and Russia were the enemies to be feared and despite the initial uncertainty of his colleagues
resented. By comparison, Germany appeared friendly.
The Ottoman government calculated that its alliance B) continued to remain neutral in the face of the
with the Central Powers would restore the glory of the challenges he faced
empire, help it recover some of the islands lost to
Greece in 1913, and perhaps lead to an extension of C) could have avoided the conflict between
Austria and Russia
territory in Turkish-speaking central Asia.
D) submitted to the wishes of his colleagues in
sending the warships to attack Russia
51. It can be inferred from the passage that ----.. E) thought Russia would not fight back if it was
attacked
A) Austria and Russias struggle for domination in
the Balkans was largely ignored by the 54. The main focus of the passage is on ----..
Ottoman Empire
B) having lost the Balkans, the Ottoman Empire A) the contribution of the Central Powers to the
looked to join forces with central Asia to attack Ottoman attempts to remain a major power
Russia
B) the break-up of the Ottoman Empire and the
C) the Ottoman Empire was looking for ways to ineffective efforts to stop it
recover its former glory through its alliance
with Germany and Austria C) the conditions under which Germany became
the most powerful nation in Europe
D) the Ottoman Empires decision to ally itself with
Germany was very unpopular with Austria D) how the European powers wanted to control
weaker peoples and nations
E) Enver Pashas decision to enter into war
against Russia was based on his desire to free E) the tactics the Ottoman government used to
the city of Sarajevo prevent the war
56. It is clearly pointed out in the passage that it
is very hard to ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) reach an international understanding that the

dissemination of nuclear materials must be
One of the most pressing international priorities is to
fully controlled
control the dissemination of nuclear materials that
could be used in attacks by terrorists or rogue B) trace how highly-enriched uranium can be
states.Nuclear materials contain unstable isotopes, smuggled and marketed internationally
which emit x-rays and gamma rays. The characteristic
energies of these photons provide a fingerprint C) distinguish between gamma rays emitted by
nuclear materials used for constructive or
revealing which radioactive isotopes are
destructive purposes
present.Unfortunately, some isotopes that occur in
benign applications emit gamma rays with energies D) force rogue states to give up their efforts to
that are very similar to those emitted by materials develop nuclear weapons
used in weapons, which leads to ambiguous
identification sand false alarms. This problem has E) identify all radioactive isotopes that emit x-rays
been worrying the United States, which is installing and gamma rays
thousands of radiation portal monitors to detect the
gamma rays emitted by nuclear materials carried by 57. As pointed out in the passage, the United
vehicles crossing the Canadian and Mexican borders. States ----..
One of the worst fears of the authorities is that
terrorists might smuggle highly-enriched uranium into A) is so worried about the dissemination of
the country to build a crude Hiroshima-style atomic nuclear materials that it is making every effort
bomb. to isolate rogue states
B) has started taking technological precautions

along its Canadian and Mexican borders to
55. The point is made in the passage that an control the entry of nuclear materials into the
issue of extremely compelling urgency in the country
world ----..
C) is confident that the only type of atomic bomb
terrorists or rogue states can build will be no
A) is to ensure that nuclear materials are used better than a Hiroshima-style one
not in weapons but in benign applications
D) strongly maintains that nuclear materials
B) has been the international threat posed against should be used only in useful and benign
the United States by terrorists and rogue states applications
C) is to make sure that nuclear energy facilities E) claims that the nuclear materials used in
are much safer and more reliable than ever weapons are controlled strictly to prevent any
leakage
D) has been to find out how rogue states have
come to possess highly-enriched uranium
58. As one understands from the passage, the
E) is the prevention of the spread of nuclear kind of radioactive isotopes present in
materials, serving the aims of terrorists and nuclearmaterials are ----..
rogue states
A) more useful for weapons than for any other

purpose
B) only revealed when they are activated for any

use
C) those which mostly emit a large amount of

gamma rays
D) identified by the energies typical of their

nature
E) those that emit far more energy if uranium is

highly enriched
60. It is maintained in the passage that although
more than 50 per cent of paper used is
cevaplaynz. recycled ----..
A) there is still much dependence in the paper

The world now recycles just over 50 per cent of the
industry on the use of wood pulp
paper it uses. Reprocessing plants are being
established in most countries. However, trees will B) the worlds paper industry is still in its early
never be fully spared because of the use of wood stages and needs to upgrade itself in terms of
fibres themselves. Pure pulp is rich in water, which efficiency and cost
provides for ample hydrogen bonding that holds fibres
C) most countries regard this as minimal and,
together when made into paper. But each time a fibre
therefore, encourage the establishment of
is cleaned, de-inked and dried in are processing plant,
more paper plants
only 80 per cent of the bonds are recovered. After
four or five recyclings, a fibre can no longer make D) this is not enough to save forests from total
strong enough bonds. Engineers can do little that is destruction due to widespread exploitation
economically viable to overcome this physical
limitation, so they focus on reducing the cost of E) engineers are working hard to develop new
technologies in order to increase the amount to
reprocessing fresher fibres. One main challenge is
80 per cent
finding a better way to neutralize stickies, which is
the mess of adhesives from stamps, labels, seals,
tape, magazine spines and various other sources, that 61. It is pointed out in the passage that as the
jam the machinery. The industry has been working for number of recyclings increases ----..
a decade to find a chemical process that will break
down stickies, but no full solution has been found A) the dependence on wood fibres will no longer
yet. be necessary
B) less and less pure pulp will be used in the

paper industry
59. According to the passage, in the recycling of
waste paper, ----.. C) the problem of adhesives becomes less and
less serious and urgent
A) engineers have developed a chemical process D) the cost of reprocessing is reduced to a viable
to get rid of adhesives level
B) it is essential that, among other chemical E) the ability of a fibre to make strong bonds
procedures, de-inking is first to be completed decreases
to enable fibres to bond strongly
C) there is actually no need to depend on pure 62. It is pointed out in the passage that
pulp since the fibres are adequately bonded engineers in the paper industry ----..
D) various countries have developed new

techniques except for an effective solution for A) do not regard stickies in waste paper as a
the removal of stickies serious challenge
E) one serious and costly handicap is the problem B) have made a breakthough in strengthening the
of adhesives that get stuck in the machines bonding capacity of recycled fibres
C) are mostly interested in reducing the cost of

reprocessing the fresher fibres found in waste
paper
D) do not consider the recycling of waste paper to

be a viable way of making profit
E) maintain that wood fibres make better paper

although it can cost much more
65. Harry : It is true that, in the nineteenth
century, Britain and France were Europes
bo braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek two great overseas empires.
ifadeyi bulunuz. Charles : Why do you think so? Besides them,
there were other colonial powers in Europe
that also owned territories overseas.
Harry : ----
63. John : By the way, can you tell me what the Charles : I see what you mean. In other
expression the scramble for Africa means? words, the Germans were reluctant to engage
Harry : Oh, I thought you knew it, since you in a colonial enterprise. Right?.
are seriously interested in the history of
Africa.
John : ---- A) The new political and economic relationships
Harry : Well, it is about the colonization of between colonies and dependent states on the
Africa. It indicates the scope and speed with one hand and the colonizing power on the
which the major European powers, excited by other ran both ways, bringing changes to both
stories of rubber forests and rich diamond sides.
mines, conquered and colonized Africa in the
19th century. . B) The convergence of technology, money, and
politics involved in the construction of the Suez
Canal represents the interplay of economics
A) For instance, I know that in 1884 a conference, and empire in late nineteenth-century Europe.
attended by the representatives of the
European colonial powers, was held in Berlin to C) The years from 1870 to 1914 brought both
settle the matter of control over the Congo rapid industrialization throughout the West and
River basin. the stunningly rapid expansion of Western
power abroad.
B) It has been pointed out that by the 1830s the
French had created a general government of D) In terms of colonial power politics, they
their possessions in Algeria. counted little. As for Germany, which was the
strongest emerging power inside Europe, its
C) I am afraid I dont. I came across it in an article governments did not believe that colonization
I was reading yesterday. There was no overseas would yield economic and political
explanation given. advantages. So, Germany was not a colonial
empire.
D) Actually, the colonial powers partition of Africa
in the 19th century was the most striking E) The nineteenth-century empires developed
instance of European imperialism. against the backdrop of economic and political
changes such as industrialization, liberal
E) According to some eyewitness reports, in the revolutions, and the rise of nation-states, which
colonies, Africans worked in appalling transformed Europe and European imperialism.
conditions, with no medicine or sanitation and
too little food.
66. Phil:The Natural History Museum is really
making a break with tradition with its Darwin
64. Ken: - According to this article, it seems that Centre. Jane: ---- Phil: Visitors can now
warm winds can trigger off migraine attacks watch the Museum's scientists as they carry
in some patients. Roger:- ---- Ken:It's new to out the research that's essential when
me too. But know some people firmly believe identifying new species for instance. Jane: I
that the weather is a major factor. Roger: - think that's a splendid idea..
Could be; the problem is a difficult one to
research..
A) Really? What\'s it doing?
A) I\'ve never heard that theory before. B) Good. Are you thinking of applying?
B) I\'ve heard that theory before; haven\\'t you? C) That\\'s a surprise! It won\'t last long!
C) Has that theory been thoroughly researched? D) Who says so? I\'m sure you\'re wrong!
D) Surely it has been established that the weather E) Well; it shouldn\'t be allowed to happen!
does not affect the incidence of migraine.
E) That\'s interesting. Some of my patients have

said the same thing.
67. Sam:- Do you think NASAs emergency 69. Although Windows 2000 has a number of
escape plan for space-bound astronauts will features that distinguish it from NT4, and
work? make it more flexible, more secure and easier
Robert:- Thats hard to say. I suppose really to maintain, the main aim has been
it will depend on the kind of emergency that something altogether different..
presents itself.
Sam:- ----
Robert:- Actually, the colour is a survival A) Although windows 2000 and NT4 have a
feature too. It makes a search for the crew number of features in common, the former is
easier.. more flexible, safer and easier of maintenance,
and in other ways too, quite different.
A) It reminds one of science-fiction films, with B) Windows 2000 is certainly different in several
everything neatly planned. aspects from NT4 with the result that it is less
rigid, safer and upkeep is less complex; but
B) It seems a bit like a game to me. The suits are these changes do not by any means constitute
a brilliant orange colour. the main goal.
C) The antigravity suit squeezes the legs to C) The main aim with Windows 2000 was to give it
prevent blood from pooling in them. certain features like flexibility, security and
ease of maintenance so as to distinguish it
D) Apparently shuttle bailout is a last resort, to be from NT4.
used only if landing becomes impossible.
D) The main goal in producing Windows 2000 was
E) Lets hope the Challenger catastrophe is not not to distinguish it from NT4 by making it less
repeated. rigid, safer and easier of upkeep, but those are
certainly some of its features.
68. - 71.sorularda, verilen cmleye anlamca E) Flexibility, security and ease of maintenance
en yakn cmleyi bulunuz. are some of the features that distinguish
Windows 2000 from NT4 and these constitute
the main aim in producing it.
68. However much effort he puts into it, Im sure 70. China's determination to put people in
hell never make a success of the business.. space dates back to the 1960's..
A) Unless hes willing to make more of an effort, A) it was only in the 1960s that China could
the business is never likely to be a success. contemplate travel in space
B) Hes a failure as a businessman even though he B) China has been resolutely sending people into
is extremely hard-working. space ever since the early 1960s.
C) It follows that the harder he works the more C) As far back as the 1960s, China also recognized
likely the business is to be successful. the need to send people into space.
D) The success of the business will obviously D) From the 1960s onwards, China has been
depend upon the amount of hard work he puts captivated by space travel.
into it.
E) China has been set on getting people into
E) No matter how hard he tries, its clear that he space ever since the 1960s.
wont ever turn that business into a going
concern.
71. Paediatricians warn parents to avoid 73. The irreversible loss of biodiversity has a
excessive food restriction which may cause serious impact on the ability of the remaining
nutritional deficiencies in children.. species, including humans, to survive.
Humans depend on the diversity of species
and healthy ecosystems to provide food,
A) As put forward by the paediatricians, nutritional clean air and water, and fertile soil for
deficiencies in children are inevitable and agriculture. ---- As many as 40 per cent of our
harmful results of excessive food limitation. modern pharmaceutical medicines are
derived from plants or animals. A small plant
B) Both parents and paediatricians share the
from Madagascar, the rosy periwinkle, for
same opinion that excessive food restriction
instance, produces substances that are
causes children to lack essential nutrients.
effective in fighting two deadly cancers,
Hodgkins and leukaemia..
C) What paediatricians warn parents about is that
excessive amounts of nutrients children take
may require food restriction. A) However, the survival of ecosystems depends
on their variety of plants, animals, and
D) According to the paediatricians, parents should habitats.
not go extremes when it comes to food
restriction, otherwise children may end up B) In addition, we benefit greatly from the many
having nutritional deficiencies. drugs that biodiversity provides.
E) Parents sometimes ignore the warnings of C) In contrast, modern medicine makes use of
paediatricians about excessive food restriction, medicines derived from both natural and
and their children have nutritional deficiencies. chemical sources.
D) Biologists believe that the Earth is currently

72. - 75.sorularda, bo braklan yere, going through a period of mass extinction.
parada anlam btnln salamak iin
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz. E) In such cases, direct habitat destruction
threatens the greatest number of species.
74. The story of many early female

72. A country may have a natural advantage in archaeologists was one of exclusion and lack
producing a product because of climatic of recognition or promotion, or even
conditions, access to certain natural employment. ----. This has remained so until
resources, or availability of certain labour the present time, so the achievements of the
forces. ----. Sri Lankas climate, for example, few female pioneers, spanning the 19th and
supports the production of tea, rubber and 20th centuries, stand out all the more..
coconuts..
A) Many of them achieved fame throughout the

A) Thus, if trade were unrestricted, each country world by their excellent work
would specialize in those products that give it a
competitive advantage B) Furthermore, many brilliant academic women
accepted that after marriage, they could no
B) The countrys climate may dictate which longer pursue a professional career, and
agricultural products it can produce efficiently supported the academic work of their husband
with little recognition
C) New products usually create trade advantages
for the countries where they are produced or C) A splendid insight into the careers and
developed personalities of female as well as male
archaeologists in Greece in the early years of
D) The more the two countries climates differ, the the 20th century is given in Faces of
more likely they will favour trade with one Archaeology in Greece
another
D) A wealthy British researcher who followed
E) Rapid technological changes have created new courses in prehistory and anthropology at
products and displaced old ones Cambridge, Gertrude Caton-Thompson
subsequently became well-known for her
pioneering interdisciplinary project of survey
and excavation in Egypt
E) The violent reaction from the white community

in Rhodesia to her findings so upset her that
she refused to undertake further work in
southern Africa
75. The White House has a fascinating history. It 77. (I) The coming convergence of biology and
was burned by the British during the War of engineering will be led by information
1812. ----.The name White House, technologies, which in medicine means the
however, was not used officially until digitization of medical records and the
President Theodore Roosevelt had it establishment of an intelligent network for
engraved on his stationery in 1901.. sharing those records. (II) That essential
reform will enable many other big
technological changes to be introduced
A) The design appears to have been influenced by throughout the health-care sector. (III) Just
Leinster House, Dublin, and James Gibbs Book as important, it can make personal medical
of Architecture information available to the patients too,
enabling them to make decisions related to
B) The first residents were President John Adams
their own health. (IV) Technology in general
and First Lady Abigail Adams in November,
is advancing so quickly that many people
1800
believe it will improve the quality of life
significantly. (V) However, many doctors, and
C) Afterwards, when the building was being
some patients, believe that patients lack the
restored, the smoke-stained grey stone walls
knowledge to make informed decisions about
were painted white
their own health..
D) Over the years, there have been several
additions made to the main building, including A) I
the West Wing, the East Wing, a penthouse and
a bomb shelter B) II
E) In all, there are 132 rooms, 35 bathrooms, 28 C) III
fireplaces, 8 staircases and 3 elevators
D) IV
76. - 80.sorularda, cmleler srasyla E) V

bozan cmleyi bulunuz. 78. (I) Todays young people in their teens and
20s, who have been dubbed 'digital natives',
have never known a world without
computers, the Internet, and cell phones. (II)
76. (I) British medical researchers recently Many of these natives rarely enter a library,
looked at the records of more than 800, 000 but instead use Google, Yahoo, and other
people who had been treated for high blood online search engines for information they
pressure between 2002 and 2006. (II) Those need.(III) The neural networks in the brains
who took angiotensin receptor blockers of these digital natives differ dramatically
(ARBs) were up to 50% less likely to be from those of adults.(IV) Investigators have
diagnosed with dementia, compared with reported that most of technology exposure,
those on other blood-pressure medications. such as watching television and videos or
(III) When they took their medicine in listening to music, is passive. (V) Basic neural
combination with the more commonly networks in most adults are said to have
prescribed ACE inhibitors, the risk was even been laid down during a time when direct
further reduced. (IV) Of those with an social action was the norm..
existing diagnosis of dementia, this same
combination meant they were less likely to
be admitted to a nursing home or die A) I
prematurely. (V) High blood pressure over
long periods can lead to damaged blood B) II
vessels..
C) III
A) I D) IV
B) II E) V
C) III
D) IV
E) V
79. (I) Man differs from the lower animals
because he preserves his past
experiences.(II) In recent decades a growing
number of historians have embarked on
research in political and social history. (III)
What happened in the past is lived again in
memory.(IV) With the animals, an experience
perishes as it happens, and each new doing
or suffering stands alone. (V) But man lives
in a world where each occurrence is charged
with echoes and reminiscences of what has
gone before, where each event is a reminder
of other things..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
80. (I) Written communication is the basis of

much communication in the business world.
(II) Letter writing, however, has gone into a
decline since the appearance of the
telephone. (III) It includes letters, reports,
memoranda and telex massages. (IV) It has
the disadvantage of being slower than oral
communication. (V) But it has the great
advantage of providing a record of
transactions so that disagreements can be
avoided and accuracy checked..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 E 41 A
2 E 42 A
3 C 43 E
4 C 44 A
5 B 45 D
6 E 46 B
7 C 47 D
8 A 48 C
9 E 49 B
10 B 50 E
11 A 51 C
12 C 52 D
13 C 53 A
14 B 54 B
15 E 55 E
16 B 56 C
17 E 57 B
18 A 58 D
19 E 59 E
20 C 60 A
21 D 61 E
22 A 62 C
23 C 63 C
24 B 64 A
25 D 65 D
26 E 66 A
27 D 67 B
28 B 68 E
29 D 69 B
30 A 70 E
31 E 71 D
32 C 72 B
33 B 73 B
34 B 74 B
35 C 75 C
36 A 76 E
37 A 77 D
38 B 78 D
39 C 79 B
40 B 80 B
14
5. I dont know how we are going to ---- the
expected surge of immigrants into the
yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi country..
bulunuz.
A) look over
1. A team of scientists at the California Institute B) run through

of Technology has developed a lensless
microscope which is the size of a coin and can C) put out
quickly and cheaply scan blood ---- for tumour
D) take down
cells and parasites..
E) cope with
A) features
6. The population of the underdeveloped
B) variations countries is growing so fast that the
agricultural activities there are unable to ----
C) maladies
the progressively rising demand for food..
D) samples
A) keep up with
E) assessments
B) look out for
2. The brain coordinates our speech ability so
that it makes all the ---- sounds.. C) make sure of
D) bring up
A) competitive
E) sort out
B) confident
7. The first English immigrants to what is now
C) degenerate
the United States ---- the Atlantic long after
D) appropriate colonies ---- in Mexico and South America..
E) impetuous
A) would be crossing / must have been
established
3. All organisms have some capacity to adapt to
environmental changes, but the extent of this B) had crossed / were established
adaptive capacity ---- greatly..
C) will be crossing / have been established
A) executes D) cross / are established
B) varies E) crossed / had been established
C) discards
8. Congereels, which ---- any large marine eels
D) abolishes of the family Congridae, ---- in shallow water,
hiding in crevices during the day and are
E) merges active by night, feeding on fish and crabs..
4. They reached their conclusion based ---- on A) were to be / used to live

evidence found at the site of the murder..
B) used to be / will live
A) occasionally C) are to be / might have lived
B) constantly D) are / live
C) primarily E) could be / have lived
D) gradually
E) intentionally
9. Nearly 10% of the Earth's crust is made of 14. Life has become ---- mechanical, materialistic
aluminium ore, ---- the metal itself was not and competitive ---- the tension and stress
discovered until the 19th century.. building up as a result of this is enormous..
A) so A) as / as
B) yet B) the less / the more
C) nor C) not only / but also
D) for D) such / that
E) as E) so / that
10. Nairobi's rich history, ---- its abundance of 15. If nothing is done ---- emissions substantially,
wildlife, cuisine, and shopping, makes the we ---- coral reefs as we know them, with
city a great place for a holiday.. major coral extinctions..
A) the moment A) cut / lost
B) so that B) cutting / may lose
C) now that C) to have cut / might have lost
D) except that D) to cut / could lose
E) as well as E) being cut / were losing
11. The Gulf countries have achieved substantial 16. Those ---- received government jobs were
progress ---- regional integration ---- the past grateful and were expected to campaign
20 years.. vigorously for Democrats on election day..
A) through / of A) which
B) into / with B) whom
C) for / on C) what
D) over / by D) who
E) towards / over E) how
12. Childrens first experiment with paint begin -

--- many rhythmic brushings back and forth -
--- the paper..
A) with / across
B) by / on
C) within / over
D) through / for
E) off / from
13. What is really ---- issue is the political

structure ---- which Soviet communism was
erected..
A) at / on
B) for / from
C) to / through
D) by / in
E) over / with
21. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) implication
B) decision
One should never forget that adversedrug reactions C) explanation

are common. Every drug has the (I) ----to cause harm
as well asdo good. Whenever doctors consider D) precision
prescribing a drug, they must weigh thepossible risks
E) determination
(II) ---- the expected benefits. The use of a drug
isntjustified (III) ---- the expected benefits outweigh
the possible risks. Doctorsmust also consider the
likely outcome of (IV) ---- a drug. Likely benefits and
riskscan seldom be determined with mathematical (V)
----.
17. I.
A) condition
B) experience
C) potential
D) description
E) preference
18. II.
A) over
B) towards
C) through
D) to
E) against
19. III.
A) even
B) whether
C) unless
D) since
E) so
20. IV.
A) treating
B) withdrawing
C) releasing
D) relieving
E) withholding
26. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) traces
B) aims
HIV is rarely seen as one ofscience's success stories. C) components

Nearly 20 years after the virus (I) ----, an estimated42
million people are infected worldwide. (II) ----, there is D) grounds
still no vaccine andno cure. HIV is one of the most (III)
E) efforts
---- and deadly viruses humans have (IV) -
---encountered. There are, however, some (V) ---- for
cautious optimism as realprogress is being made in 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
some key areas. ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
22. I.
27. As soon as slender steel column began to
replace massive piers in building construction
A) was discovered ----..
B) will be discovered
A) inflammable materials would not be used again
C) was being discovered in high-rise buildings
D) is discovered B) a new school of architecture could never have

developed without the challenge of these and
E) would be discovered other new building materials
C) this new group of promising architects had as

23. II. yet attracted very little attention
D) new conceptions of both the practical and

A) Even aesthetic use of space came into being
B) Moreover E) their ideas indicated a rejection of machine
production
C) Consequently
D) So 28. ---- where farmers benefit from legal

opium cultivation for the production of
E) Hence painkillers..
24. III.
A) Turkey is one of several countries
A) residual B) The UN\'s drug control agency admits that crop

substitution projects are inadequate
B) desperate
C) Total opium elimination in these countries is
C) predictable hardly feasible
D) degenerate D) Until recently, only the trafficking of opium was

prohibited in Laos, not the cultivation of it
E) devious
E) Opium is one of the oldest painkillers known
25. IV.
A) even
B) still
C) ever
D) just
E) hardly
29. Though Kenya had been self -sufficient until 33. ----, Earths overall temperature increases..
the 1980s, ----..
A) Because, during the past 1,000 years, forests in

A) the same problem faces small farmers in all temperate areas were largely cleared
parts of the world
B) Since subsistence agriculture accounts for 60
B) the situation in developing countries is per cent of tropical deforestation
becoming critical
C) As the atmosphere and the oceans warm
C) the economic interests of small farmers have
been disregarded D) Even though wildlife in tropical lands suffers
due to deforestation
D) wheat prices there are dropping fast
E) While certain parts of the world are critically
E) it now imports 80 per cent of its food short of protected areas such as national parks
30. ---- if heat energy is being passed on from 34. The early Arctic explorers could locate
one molecule to the next.. themselves by looking at the stars ----..
A) They decided not to use aluminium A) for the purpose of using the most accurate
compasses available
B) Silver and copper were the metals chosen
B) that they worked out the latitude by using
C) The transmission of heat by convection proved sextants
equally dangerous
C) since longitude is difficult to determine
D) Conduction caused the fire to spread with
alarming speed D) as long as they could determine the exact time
E) We say heat is transmitted by conduction E) despite matching celestial observations to

certain points in time
31. Soldiers will continue to be killed in
'friendly fire' incidents ----.. 35. Anthropometric surveys in the US and Europe
have shown that short people tend to
overestimate their stature ----..
A) unless a better and more reliable
communications technology is developed
A) but body image is a persons mental picture of
B) if acts of terrorism are not included their physical appearance
C) that fighting on foot is still the only way to B) which took more effort for their height and
occupy an unfriendly town or city weight
D) as the infantry man had most to gain from new C) while heavy people often underestimate their
advances in military technology weight
E) which demonstrates the need for yet more D) so some individuals perceive themselves as
improvements having lost almost no weight
E) since this mental image affects lifestyle

32. The vast oil output of the Caspian must be
behaviour
piped overland to, say, the Mediterranean, -
---. .
A) that it is not a landlocked sea
B) if a pipeline is laid across Iran
C) before it can be pumped into tankers
D) which would also pass through Georgia
E) as a great deal of diplomacy would be required

36. The evacuation of the World Trade Center 38. inko, eitli metabolik srelerde yer alan
towers might have been easier ----.. madensel enzimler dahil vcuttaki pek ok
proteinin almasn destekler..
A) unless some of the steel columns had been

heated beyond their melting point A) Zinc supports the work of numerous proteins in
the body, including the metallo enzymes, which
B) since in some places stairways are required to are involved in a variety of metabolic
be in different corners of tall buildings processes.
C) if the multiple stairways had not all been in the B) The work of proteins in various parts of the
central core of the building body is supported by zinc which also affects the
metallo enzymes that are related to metabolic
D) so long as effective fire-proofing had been functions.
installed
C) The work of many proteins in the body and also
E) after so many of the offices had already been the metallo enzymes supporting many different
vacated metabolic processes interact with zinc.
D) Zinc supports not only the work of several

37. - 42.sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleye proteins in the body but also the metallo
anlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi, Trke enzymes which play a useful role in various
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi metabolic actions.
bulunuz.
E) The work of all the proteins in the body as well
as the metallo enzymes associated with many
different metabolic actions, are supported by
zinc.
37. Romantik akmn nclerinden biri olan Jean-
Jacques Rousseau, duyguyu akldan daha
yksek bir dzeye koymutur.. 39. Bilim adamlarna gre, atmosfere yaylmakta
olanatk gazlar nedeniyle dnyadaki iklimler
daha scak bir hale gelmitir..
A) Jean-Jacques Rousseau, one of the leaders of
the Romantic Movement, regarded emotion as
more important than reason. A) Scientists claim that so much waste gas has
been spread into the atmosphere that the
B) Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who was one of the climates in the world have become increasingly
forerunners of the Romantic Movement, put warm.
emotion at a higher level than reason.
B) As scientists have pointed out, due to waste
C) Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a forerunner of the gases that pollute the atmosphere, the worlds
Romantic Movement and so he rated emotion climate has become much warmer.
higher than reason.
C) According to scientists, the climates in the
D) Another forerunner of the Romantic Movement world have become warmer because of waste
was Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and he rated gases that are spreading into the atmosphere.
emotion higher than reason.
D) For scientists, the atmosphere has been so
E) Since he regarded emotion as higher than polluted by waste gases that the climates in
reason Jean-Jacques Rousseau is recognized as the world have already become much warmer.
a forerunner of the Romantic Movement.
E) As far as scientists are concerned, the worlds
climate has become extremely warm owing to
waste gases in the atmosphere.
40. Geologists suggest that rocks, which contain 42. The chairman wrote the members a formal
exactly the same type of fossil, may have letter, calling them to an urgent meeting to
been formed at approximately the same be held on Monday at the company. .
time..
A) Bakan Pazartesi gn irkette yaplacak

A) Kayalarn iinde bulunan ayn tip fosilleri olaanst toplantya arlan yelere birer
inceleyen jeologlar, bunlarn kabaca ayn mektup yazd.
dnemde olutuklarn ortaya koymulardr.
B) Pazartesi gn irkette nemli bir toplant
B) Jeologlar, ayn dnemde olumu olan kayalarn yaplaca iin, bakan yelere acil bir mektup
iinde tamamen ayn tip fosil bulunabilecei yazd.
grndedirler.
C) Bakan, yelere, onlar Pazartesi gn irkette
C) Jeologlarn inceledii kayalarn tamamen ayn yaplacak acil bir toplantya aran resmi bir
tip fosilleri iermesi, bunlarn ayn zamanda mektup yazd.
olutuunu gstermektedir.
D) Bakan, yelere birer mektup yazarak onlar
D) Jeologlar, tamamen ayn tip fosil ieren Pazartesi gn irkette yaplacak bir toplantya
kayalarn aa yukar ayn zamanda olumu ard.
olabileceklerini ileri srmektedirler
E) Bakann yelere yazd resmi mektupta,
E) Jeologlar, aa yukar ayn dnemde olumu Pazartesi gn irkette yaplacak geni apl
olan kayalarn ayn tip fosil ierdiklerini toplantya katlmalar gerektii belirtiliyordu.
belirlemilerdir.
41. The writers of the Romantic movement

generally regarded humans as inherently
good but corrupted by society and its
institutions..
A) Romantik akmn yazarlar, ounlukla,

doutan iyi olan insann toplumdaki kurumlar
tarafndan bozulduunu kabul ederler.
B) Romantik akmn yazarlar, insanlarn doutan

iyi olduunu ancak toplumun kurumlarnn
genellikle onlar deitirdiini benimsemilerdir.
C) Romantik akm yazarlarnn, tm insanlarn

doutan genellikle iyi olmalarna ramen,
toplum ve kurumlar yznden bozulduklarn
kabul ettiklerine inanlmtr.
D) Romantik akm yazarlar, genellikle, insanlar

doutan iyi fakat toplum ve kurumlar
tarafndan bozulmu olarak grmlerdir.
E) Romantik akm yazarlarna gre, insanlar

doutan iyidir, fakat genellikle toplum ve
kurumlar tarafndan bozulmutur.
44. It can be understood from the passage that
some researchers ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) are trying to extend their own lives to the

maximum
Following the growth of biological knowledge in the
past few decades, a few researchers now believe B) are unsure if extending the human lifespan is
extension of the human lifespan might be within worth doing
reach. Why do organisms people included age in
the first place? Like machines, people wear C) now think it may be possible to help people to
out.However, a machine can usually be repaired. A live longer
good mechanic with a stock of spare parts can keep it
D) are preparing a large supply of spare parts to
going indefinitely, to the point where no part of the help people live indefinitely
original remains. The question arises, of course, of
whether the machine is worth repairing. It is here that E) have the goal of making people like machines
people and nature disagree. From the individuals
point of view, survival is a must. You cannot 45. The passage indicates that the purpose of
reproduce unless you are alive. Since ageing is a sure the soma is to ----..
way of dying, it is no surprise that people want to stop
it from advancing. Moreover, even the appearance of
ageing can be harmful. It reduces the range of A) oppose a persons desire not to become old
potential partners who find you attractive since it is a B) transmit genes to ones child or children
sign that you are not going to be around for a very
long time to help bring up the baby and this, in turn, C) separate itself from the organisms sex cells
restricts your ability to reproduce. There is a paradox,
however: the individuals evolved desire not to age is D) persuade the organism to reproduce earlier
opposed by another evolutionary force, the
E) prefer to conserve the organisms resources
disposable soma. The soma is all of a bodys cells
apart from the sex cells. Its role is to get the sex cells,
and thus the organisms genes, into the next 46. According to the passage, just appearing
generation. But evolutionary logic seems to require aged without actually being so ----..
the soma to age and die in order for a species to
continue. There is thus a premium on reproducing A) harms the community of potential partners
early rather than conserving resources for a future
that may never come. B) means you will think fewer people are
attractive
C) shows your real attitude towards babies

43. As we can infer from the passage, nature
tends to ----.. D) affects your bodys ability to reproduce
E) makes it more difficult to have a baby

A) question whether human bodies can be
repaired
B) favour shorter lifespans for living creatures
C) limit the number of partners a person can find
D) make people look old before they become old
E) oppose the evolutionary force of soma

49. According to the passage, Herodotus
speculated that the Libyan desert, ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) which was rich in the remains of various

organisms, had been the original home of
Fossils are the remains of organisms which have
prehistoric man
endured for fantastic periods of time. Fossils can be
bones or teeth or even plant or animal imprints B) which was vast and dry, had been flooded on
preserved in rock since prehistoric times. The several occasions in the past by the
appearance of fossils in rock has been a source of Mediterranean Sea
wonder and fascination to man for centuries. The
C) through which he often travelled, had in the
fossil of an ancient sea animal was even found among
past made up a major part of the
the possessions of a prehistoric man. Many people
Mediterranean Sea
have tried to explain fossils. Aristotle believed they
were the remains of living creatures, but thought the D) where he saw fossil seashells, had once been
creatures grew in the rocks. Some people believed covered by the Mediterranean Sea
that fossils were placed in rocks by evil spirits. Other
explanations were remarkably modern.For example, E) where there were plant and animal imprints in
rocks, had no connection whatsoever with the
Herodotus, an ancient Greek historian, observed fossil
Mediterranean Sea
seashells in the Libyan desert in 450B.C. and guessed
that the Mediterranean Sea had once reached much
farther south than it does today. 50. It is pointed out in the passage that ----..
A) Aristotle was particularly interested in the

47. It is clear from the passage that ----.. fossils found in rocks
B) there are many different kinds of fossils

A) throughout history, there have been many
different views and explanations as regards the C) the earliest kinds of fossils were those of sea
nature and cause of fossils plants and seashells
B) it is only in modern times that there has been D) Herodotus and Aristotle were the earliest
any serious interest in fossils pioneers of fossil studies
C) human interest in fossils has only been aroused E) the very first discovery of fossils was in the
through the fascinating explanations and Libyan desert
discoveries made by modern science
D) Herodotus travelled extensively in the

Mediterranean world and was particularly
attracted by the geography of Libya
E) the study of fossils by modern scientists has

mostly focused on the preserved imprints of
plants and animals in rocks
48. It is clear from the passage that fossils ----. .
A) greatly fascinated prehistoric peoples, who

revered them as sacred
B) are always found in rocks as bones or teeth
C) date back to very early prehistoric times
D) were not as serious a concern for Aristotle as

they were for others
E) were regarded by prehistoric man as evil spirits

preserved in rocks
52. As pointed out in the passage, according
toCellini ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) the generally held belief on the pre-eminence

of the arts was totally unfounded
During the Renaissance, especially in the
sixteenthcentury, it was customary to debate the B) Leonardos skills as a painter did not exceed
preeminenceof the arts, particularly as between those of Michelangelo
paintingand sculpture. The more commonly accepted
opinionis represented by Benvenuto Cellini, who C) the Renaissance debate on the pre-eminence
thoughtthat sculpture is eight times as great as any of the arts should not be taken seriously
other artbased on drawing, because a statue has
D) the art of the sculptor is less demanding than
eight viewsand they must all be equally good. A that of the painter
painting, hesaid, is nothing better than the image of a
tree, man, or other object. In fact, the difference E) a painting is inferior to a work of sculpture
betweenpainting and sculpture is as great as between because it has no solidity
ashadow and the object casting it. Leonardo, on
theother hand, thought that painting is superior 53. It is clear from the passage that, during the
tosculpture because it is more intellectual. By this 16thcentury, ----..
hemeant that as a technique it is infinitely more
subtlein the effects that it can produce, and infinitely
A) the art of Leonardo was more highly regarded
widerin the scope it offers to invention or
than that of Cellini
imagination.Michelangelo, when the question was
referred tohim, in his wise and direct way said that B) there was much discussion as to the hierarchy
things whichhave the same end are themselves the of the arts
same, andthat therefore there could be no difference
betweenpainting and sculpture except differences C) sculptors and painters liked to cooperate on
due tobetter judgment and harder work. major projects
D) most artists were both sculptors and painters
E) Leonardo and Michelangelo were keen rivals

51. We understand from the passage
but each admired the work of the other
thatMichelangelos view concerning the
relativemerits of painting and sculpture ----..
54. The point is made in the passage that,
forLeonardo, ----..
A) does not reflect his own position as an artist
B) can be regarded as a humourous attempt to A) painting provided a greater capacity for artistic
bring about a peace between Cellini and creativity
Leonardo
B) Cellinis understanding of the arts was a grossly
C) is a light-hearted attempt to avoid the issue distorted one
D) is unbiased and favours neither C) painting came easily, but sculpture offered
many challenges
E) has no relevance outside the Renaissance
period D) the practice of any art requires a great deal of
invention and imagination
E) the effects of a statue are far more subtle than

those of a painting
57. According to the passage, the lava which
erupts onto the Pacific Ocean floor ----. .
cevaplaynz.
A) mainly consists of magma but also includes

small pieces of the molten tectonic plate
Mount Everest is the highest mountain on Earth above
sea level, but it is not the worlds tallest. That honour B) is constantly dispersed in all directions because
goes to the Hawaiian volcano Mauna Kea.When of the movements of the tectonic plates
measured from its base on the Pacific Ocean floor, it
is about 1, 000 metres taller than Mount Everest. C) soon forms a chain of mountains that are
Mauna Kea is part of a 5, 600-kilometre-long chain of relatively high but hardly rise above sea level
volcanoes stretching westward from the main
D) flows from newly-formed mountains such as
Hawaiian island. This volcanic chain is formed by the Hawaiian volcano Mauna Kea
small convection streams called hot spots, just
below the Earths crust, where magma rises from the E) can cover a very large area that may extend
hotter parts of the mantle, the region between the for thousands of kilometres in all directions
crust and the core of the earth. These hot spots melt
sections of the tectonic plates moving above them, 58. In this passage, the writer ----..
causing magma and bits of the molten plate to erupt
onto the sea floor. Over time, the lava accumulates,
forming a mountain that rises above sea level. The A) gives an account of the benefits that
convection streams provide to the Hawaiian
moving tectonic plates carry the newly-formed
Islands
mountain away from its original location, as newer
volcanoes continue to form in the same spot. B) describes in detail the movements and effects
of the tectonic plates under the Pacific Ocean
C) gives information about how Mount Everest

55. One understands from the passage that, as was formed
much of Mauna Kea is below sea level, ----..
D) explains how the volcanic chain extending
across the Pacific Ocean was formed
A) nobody knows how high it actually is since it
cannot be measured precisely E) states that different types of volcanoes will
continue to form across the Pacific Ocean
B) it looks lower than Mount Everest, but in fact,
it is not when measured from its bottom
C) its volcanic activity is actually much more

extensive than is generally thought
D) the process of its geological formation is only

now being revealed scientifically
E) the so-called hot spots on the ocean floor

continue to add lava to its base
56. It is clear from the passage that the tectonic

plates in the Pacific Ocean ----..
A) move constantly and, thus, undermine the

formation of a volcanic chain in the region
B) prevent the formation of convection streams

that cause eruptions on the ocean floor
C) are so thick that the so-called hot spots have

no physical effect on them
D) play a part in the formation of volcanic chains

on the ocean floor
E) cover the mantle so well that no eruption of

magma can take place on the ocean floor
60. One understands from the passage that, in
the nineteenth century, ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) a major controversy among scientists

concerned whether living organisms played any
There were many heated debates in the nineteenth
role in chemical reactions
century about the relationship between chemical
reactions and living organisms. Some scientists felt B) Napoleon III was seriously interested in
that fermentation was an activity of living things and, scientific matters and favoured Pasteur more
therefore, could not take place outside of living than any other scientist
cells.This was proved by the work Louis Pasteur
C) French winemakers had so much trust in
undertook for the French wine industry. Indeed, in
Pasteurs work on bacteria that they fully
the1850s, the French wine industry was having
followed his instructions for the process of
serious trouble with wine that had spoiled. The French pasteurization
emperor, Napoleon III, called in Pasteur to
help.Pasteur knew that the fermentation which D) French scientists especially focused on
produced wine was caused by living yeast cells. But fermentation, since the wine industry was of
now he found that certain bacteria could also carry vital importance for France
out fermentation. He discovered that fermentation by
E) the French wine industry was remarkably
bacteria spoils wine because it produces
advanced since it made use of various
vinegar(acetic acid) instead of the alcohol produced innovations and scientific discoveries
by yeast. Pasteur suggested that the winemakers
heat the wine for a short time to destroy the bacteria.
They were horrified, but it worked. The process, 61. According to the passage, Pasteur discovered
that ----..
pasteurization, is still used today, especially for milk.
A) most French winemakers were far more skilled

at producing vinegar than wine
fundamental principle of pasteurization, B) the problem French winemakers faced needed
especially as practised in the milk industry to be dealt with immediately
today, ----..
C) most scientists of his time knew little about the
variety of chemical reactions taking place in
A) aroused a fierce controversy among the French living organisms but they were prepared to
scientists of the nineteenth century debate about them
B) was already known in France before the time of D) what really spoiled wine was not fermentation
Pasteur brought about by living yeast cells but that
caused by bacterial activity
C) was given a full scientific explanation by
scientists working for Napoleon III E) not only the French wine industry but also its
milk industry could be greatly improved
D) was discovered only after a long period of
through the use of pasteurization
experimentation by French winemakers
E) is the destruction, by heating, of the bacteria

which cause fermentation
62. As pointed out in the passage, the idea that - 64. Walt :- Dont you think that the children are
---.. watching too much television?
Sandra :- I dont think so. They only watch
after theyve finished their homework.
A) bacteria spoiled wine was accepted among the Walt :- ----
French scientists of the nineteenth century, but Sandra :- I suppose youre right. Sporting
it was Pasteur whom Napoleon III appointed to activities might be the answer..
improve wine-making in the country
B) bacteria in wine could best be destroyed A) Have they finished their homework yet this
through a prolonged process of heating was evening?
commonplace among nineteenth-century
French winemakers B) Tell them to turn it off and read a book!
C) pasteurization prevented milk from spoiling C) Why dont you ask if theyd like to read a book?
quickly spread outside France in the nineteenth
century and has never since been challenged D) I dont remember watching this much TV when
by scientists I was a child.
D) fermentation by bacteria spoils wine is no E) But I think they should be involved in other
longer current, since various new methods activities as well.
have been developed for better wine-making
65. John :- Have you heard about the apart-hotel
E) fermentation was caused by a chemical
in the Netherlands that has moveable cloth
reaction in living cells wasnt accepted by many
walls in the rooms?
scientists until well into the nineteenth century
Anne :- ----
John :- What a good idea.
Anne :- Yes, it really allows for a lot of
flexibility..
ifadeyi bulunuz.
A) No, I havent. What do you mean by cloth
walls?
63. Reporter:- Could you give me your views on B) Yes, since the walls are made of cloth, the
Britain's National Health Service? rooms can be made larger or smaller to suit the
Politician: - ---- needs.
Reporter: - What makes you say that?
Politician - Well, people used to feel they C) Yes, but since the walls are made of cloth,
were terribly lucky if, for instance, they were wouldnt that be a fire hazard?
given a-kidney transplant. Now they consider
D) I think its a terrible idea. Youd be able to hear
it a right..
everything through the cloth walls.
A) Are you by any chance referring to the dire E) Why do they need moveable walls in the room?
shortage of human organs for transplant? Youd have to rearrange the furniture every
time you moved the walls!
B) I hope you are not asking me about funding. As
more and more treatments become available, 66. Becky: - I want a serious answer to this
costs inevitably go up. question. What makes you laugh?
Jackie: - ----
C) A great many operations are now almost risk
Becky:- Good. That's what I want you to do.
free, but they still require a team of experts to
Laughter is important. It creates a bridge
carry them out.
between people and facilitates amicable
D) I think that people\\'s expectations concerning behaviour.
the service have risen excessively. Jackie: - I'm sure you're right..
E) The government wants to explore the potential

A) What an odd question! Are you doing some
of xenoplantation, but cautiously and step by
research into laughter?
step.
B) I don\\'t know. Lots of things amuse me.
C) I reckon situations amuse me more than so

called funny stories.
D) I really haven\\'t thought about it. Why do you

ask?
E) If you want a serious answer, I need to think a

bit about your question.
67. Nancy:- Things are getting crazier and crazier 69. Worries that the strong yen will hurt exports
in science. Now the US government has and strangle Japan's economic recovery, have
approved a new drug that is not made in a pushed share prices sharply down..
factory but in genetically-modified goats!
Julie:- ----
Nancy:- They secrete the drug in their milk, A) The strong yen, which is having an adverse
and its then used to untangle blood clots in effect on exports and on the nation\'s economic
patients. position generally, is responsible for the sudden
Julie:- I suppose thats okay, as long as the drop in share prices in Japan.
animals are not harmed in the process..
B) The strong yen is having an adverse effect on
exports and putting an end to all Japan\'s hopes
A) Is that a drug that you and I are likely to need of economic recovery, and so share prices have
in the future? dropped sharply.
B) Wont that lead to unemployment in the drug C) Share prices have dropped noticeably in Japan
industry? for it is feared that the strong yen will
adversely affect exports and make the nation\'s
C) Are the goats even aware of what has been economic recovery impossible.
done to them?
D) The sudden drop in share prices, and worries
D) Why has the government allowed the about the strong yen, are having an adverse
producers of this drug to go so far beyond what effect on Japan\'s exports and indeed her
is normal? economic recovery at large.
E) What do the goats do that a factory cant? E) The noticeable drop in share prices in Japan has
set people worrying about the yen, about
exports and even about the process of
68. - 71.sorularda, verilen cmleye anlamca economic recovery
70. He's rather hopeful that he'll get the
appointment since the other candidates are
at a disadvantage, which is his fluency in
68. We will never be able to get all these exhibits French as none of the candidates for the
dated and labelled for the opening of the appointment know any..
museum unless we get a lot of assistance..
A) His main advantage is his fluency in French as

A) It would help us to finish the dating and none of the other candidates for the
labelling of the exhibits if the museum is not appointment know any.
opened for a while.
B) As none of the other candidates speak much
B) With just a little extra assistance we shall be French, it seems obvious that he\'ll be
able to get all these exhibits dated and labelled appointed.
before the museum is opened.
C) As French is the main requirement, none of the
C) The opening of the museum does not depend other candidates will even qualify.
on whether or not we can get all these exhibits
dated and labelled. D) The appointment will be given to whichever of
the candidates is most fluent in French.
D) Were going to need an awful lot of help if
were to date and label these exhibits in time E) He\'s fairly confident that he\'ll be appointed as
for the opening of the museum. he\'s the only candidate who knows French.
E) Once the museum is open we can easily get

plenty of help in the dating and labelling of the
exhibits.
71. Hell never get oranges to grow here; the 73. Naming species is a convenience applied by
climate just isnt suitable.. biologists as they try to group similar animals
together. Ernst Mayer, long ago, defined a
species as a group of actually or potentially
A) If he wants to grow oranges he could try here; interbreeding natural populations. ---- But
the climate is just right. there are at least a dozen other ways to
define and categorize species, involving
B) Oranges require sun and warmth, so naturally
evolutionary history, morphology or DNA
they wont grow here.
analysis. The problem is that evolution does
not act on species directly..
C) However hard he tries, he wont manage to
grow oranges here as its the wrong sort of
climate. A) Identification of species is not so easily done
from a distance.
D) The climate may be right for growing oranges
but hes had no success. B) This is a working definition that many biologists
prefer to use.
E) The climate is the most important factor when
growing oranges. C) Definitions of species are easily broken down
when examined closely.
72. - 75.sorularda, bo braklan yere, D) Definitions are so blurry that one can hardly
parada anlam btnln salamak iin find a workable one.
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz.
E) The definition based on interbreeding is the
only one accepted.
72. The problem for companies that use a legal 74. Geneticists seek to understand how the
basis for ethical behaviour is that laws vary information encoded in genes is used and
among countries. ----. The industrial controlled by cells, and how the smallest
countries, which have strong laws concerning differences in genes can disrupt an
intellectual property rights, argue that organisms development. Increasingly,
developing countries need to strengthen modern genetics involves genetic
such laws and their enforcement.. engineering, a technique used by scientists
to manipulate genes. Genetic engineering
has led to many advances in medicine and
A) The law represents a consensus derived from
industry. ----..
significant experience and deliberation
B) Given that 25 per cent of the worlds population A) Nevertheless, there has been less misconduct
is Islamic, it is important to understand how than was once predicted
Islam is translated into rules that govern
economic transactions B) For instance, there are controversies over the
possible unethical use of this technique
C) In some cases, such as with health and safety
standards, extraterritoriality should not cause C) In fact, much of the controversy over the use of
problems genetic engineering has nothing to do with
recreating life
D) For example, a major area of contention
between industrial and developing countries is D) As a result, there has been much unethical use
the protection of intellectual property, such as of genetic engineering
computer software
E) However, the potential for abuse of this
E) A major challenge that companies face in the technique has also provoked many ethical and
global environment is how to deal with product legal controversies
liability issues
75. Sri Lanka, known as Ceylon from the early 77. (I) In modern world, political crime poses
sixteenth century until 1972, is typical of cruel political and moral problems. (II) These
most developing economies. It has a low per problems are particularly acute in more
capita income, and high dependence on a few democratic societies. (III) At the other hand
minerals and agricultural products. ----. Its of the political spectrum, a totalitarian
literacy rate, standards of nutrition, health regime is virtually immune to terrorism. (IV)
care and life expectancy are one of the For here the security apparatus of the state
highest among developing economies.. makes it almost impossible for terrorist
groups even to exist.(V) Therefore, among
the reasons of terrorism can be mentioned
A) In many other ways, however, it is atypical bad economy..
B) One by one, European powers came to
dominate Sri Lanka to acquire products A) I
unavailable at home
B) II
C) To solve its problems, Sri Lanka has basically
followed three different trade policies since the C) III
1960s
D) IV
D) Recently, Sri Lanka has targeted information
technology as a new growth industry E) V
E) During the 1990s, Sri Lankas real GDP grew

78. (I) Delacroix's paintings fall into three
rapidly despite a civil war
distinct groups. (II) One must also be
reminded that he was devoted to music, and
often spoke of his palette as though it were a
scale on which he composed harmonies.
okunduunda parann anlam btnln (III)There are his portraits, remarkable for
bozan cmleyi bulunuz. their astonishing psychological perception.
(IV)Then there are his historical pieces, large
ambitious subjects drawn from the romantic
literature for which he had so much
76. (I) The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, sympathy.(V) Finally there are a few land
Tuberculosis, and Malaria in Geneva channels scapes, of purely rical content..
money donated by affluent governments,
including the UK and the US, to poor nations.
(II) But in Uganda, in 2005, it all went wrong. A) I
(III) The money that most African
governments set aside for buying and B) II
distributing medicines is too little. (IV) The
Fund suspended all its grants to the country C) III
for two-and-a-half months after discovering
D) IV
that money was being stolen by officials in
the Ministry of Health. (V) Future grants were E) V
made conditional on annual audit reports
being produced by the government, which
took three years to emerge.. 79. (I) As we live and grow we learn the culture
of the society in which we live. (II)
Sociologists tell us that the most significant
A) I elements of culture that we must learn are
values, norms and roles. (III) While values are
B) II rather general, norms are quite specific. (IV)
A collection of norms connected with a
C) III
particular position or activity in a society is
D) IV called a role. (V) History shows us that
disagreements over vital political issues
E) V always create violent conflicts within a
society..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
80. (I) Writing in the 1930s, J.M. Keynes was
mainly concerned with unemployment. (II)
For him, the question was why it persisted.
(III)Since 1945 the twin objectives of
economic growth and full employment have
been the primary concern of developed
countries throughout the world. (IV) His own
answer to this was that employment was
determined by the level of output, and this
was determined by demand. (V) Therefore,
the level of employment could be regulated
by managing the level of demand..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 D 41 D
2 D 42 C
3 B 43 B
4 C 44 C
5 E 45 B
6 A 46 E
7 E 47 A
8 D 48 C
9 B 49 D
10 E 50 B
11 E 51 D
12 A 52 E
13 A 53 B
14 E 54 A
15 D 55 B
16 D 56 D
17 C 57 A
18 E 58 D
19 C 59 E
20 E 60 A
21 D 61 D
22 A 62 E
23 B 63 D
24 E 64 E
25 C 65 B
26 D 66 E
27 D 67 E
28 A 68 D
29 E 69 C
30 E 70 E
31 A 71 C
32 C 72 D
33 C 73 B
34 D 74 E
35 C 75 A
36 C 76 C
37 B 77 E
38 A 78 B
39 C 79 B
40 D 80 E
15
5. The man who created the first computer
virus has been sentenced to 20 months in
yerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi an American federal prison, and it is
bulunuz. generally agreed that he has been ---- very
lightly..
1. The study of the genetic causes of mental A) shown up

disorders involves the statistical analysis of
the frequency of a particular disorders ---- B) let off
among individuals who share related genes,
such as siblings and twins.. C) taken down
D) given up
A) occurrence
E) brought in
B) falsehood
6. It took me a long time to translate his
C) disturbance
business letter as I had to ---- so many words
D) ignorance in the dictionary..
E) negligence
A) make up
2. Human childhood is a ---- period of complex B) turn over

development during which a helpless infant
becomes an adolescent.. C) look up
D) get off
A) remarkable
E) take up
B) redundant
7. By the time the general manager ---- back
C) progressive
from his inspection tour of the overseas
D) contemporary branches, the staff here ---- the annual
report..
E) relevant
A) had got / completed
3. Traditionally, medicine has taken a
paternalistic stance towards patients, with B) has got / will complete
the all-knowing physician ---- wisdom from on
high, but that is becoming increasingly C) got / have completed
unacceptable..
D) gets / will have completed
A) informing E) will get / would have completed
B) withdrawing 8. Tradition generally ---- the introduction

of chocolate to France to Jewish chocolate
C) requesting
makers who ---- in Bayonne In 1609,
D) providing having been hounded out of first Spain and
than Portugal..
E) commenting
A) attributes / settled
4. Passing on knowledge to others was once
thought to be a ---- human ability, but several B) has attributed / had settled
species are proving otherwise..
C) attributed / have settled
A) uniquely D) would attribute / were settling
B) hazardously E) is attributing / had been settling
C) rapidly
D) generously
E) steadily
9. Millions of children in these third 14. The advance of the steel industry has been
world countries will suffer and die ---- marked ---- a progressive increase in the size
these infectious diseases remain and complexity of the plant used and a fall -
uncontrolled.. --- labour costs..
A) if A) off / through
B) unless B) with / from
C) as soon as C) up / with
D) however D) by / in
E) so as E) in / of
10. Hundreds of deep fjords that cut into the 15. ---- popular belief, the use of ear buds is
coastline give Norway an overall ocean front more harmful than beneficial when it comes
of ---- 12, 000 miles.. to cleaning the ears.
.
A) more than
A) Contrary to
B) just as
B) Whereas
C) the same as
C) Instead of
D) so far as
D) Lest
E) as well as
E) In case of
11. Reinforced concrete was used for the new
buildings ---- there should ever be another 16. There have been many arguments ----
landslide in the vicinity.. whether intelligence is biologically or socially
determined..
A) due to
A) just
B) in spite of
B) how
C) according to
C) because
D) in case
D) if only
E) instead
E) as to
12. If the borrowing ---- on collateral from other
stocks the trader owns outright, it ---- a
maximum of a certain percentage of those
other stocks' value..
A) bases / will be
B) was based / would have been
C) based / might be
D) has been based / could have been
E) is based / can be
13. The findings that emerged ---- a

survey conducted by The Sunday Times ----
eating habits were most disturbing..
A) Into / over
B) through / for
C) out of / from
D) over / into
E) from / on
21. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) single
B) multiple
For the purpose of diagnosis,analysis and C) reliable

experimentation, academic physicians tend to focus
on disease at aparticular point in time. But disease D) subsequent
needs (I) ---- as a process that evolvesover time
E) persistent
through the (II) ---- of genetic, environmental and
lifestylefactors. This view puts a premium (III) -
---understanding the complex historyof a patient, and
it (IV) ---- that most disease cannot be tied to a (V) -
---cause.
17. I.
A) to have been treated
B) to have treated
C) to treat
D) being treated
E) to be treated
18. II.
A) availability
B) discovery
C) interaction
D) compatibility
E) reliability
19. III.
A) against
B) to
C) over
D) towards
E) on
20. IV.
A) conducts
B) rejects
C) disputes
D) acknowledges
E) denies
26. V.
ya da ifadeyi bulunuz. A) where
B) which
New techniques are constantly beingpioneered to C) whose

improve the accuracy of doctors performing surgery.
During operations(I) ---- is absolutely vital and D) whether
technology is increasingly involved in asurgeon's
E) why
work. One example is a new operating microscope
which (II) ----foruse in brain surgery. This microscope
can be used to project an image of thedeeper areas of 27. - 36.sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygun
the brain (III) ----the surface that the surgeon is ekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.
working on;it (IV) ---- gives him a detailed and
accurate map of (V) ---- incisions mustbe made.
27. Since the migratory routes of cranes

ignore political boundaries, ----..
22. I.
A) a species bank of captive cranes has been

A) liability created to guard against extinction
B) distinction B) some cranes depend exclusively upon wetlands
for nesting and feeding
C) apprehension
C) Of any effort to protect them requires the
D) retention
participation of several countries
E) precision
D) an International effort to ensure safe passage
for cranes would have been hardly feasible
23. II.
E) this was simply a means to draw global
attention to cranes and their work
A) has been developed
B) would be developed 28. --- so long as you pay attention and stick to
the rules..
C) will have been developed
D) had been developed A) There is a huge number of fascinating wrecks

around Britain
E) was being developed
B) Wrecks under the sea can contain hazardous
materials like oil and muttons
24. III.
C) Scuba diving is very safe
A) by D) Scuba was first patented in 1865 and was

perfected over the years
B) at
E) Scuba divers get a great deal of pleasure from
C) from exploring wrecks
D) with
E) onto
25. IV.
A) so
B) thus
C) only
D) by far
E) in accord
29. Although Japan has one of the world's 32. Symptoms, ----, are similar in viral and
most rapidly ageing populations, ----.. bacterial pharyngitis..
A) Japanese companies will be world leaders in A) when gargling can relieve throat discomfort
catering for the elderly
B) since the mucous membrane may be inflamed
B) other countries such as China and South Korea
and most of Western Europe are closing the C) if there was a high white blood cell count
gap
D) though the cause is usually viral
C) in 2004 one-fifth of its population will be 6 or
over and there will be more than 20,000 people E) which include a sore throat and pain in
over the age of a hundred swallowing
D) the increasing burden of providing pensions

33. Crew members will have to pass
and health care for the growing number of
several endurance tests ----..
elderly will cause Japan\'s public finances to
remain by far the worst in the developed world
A) as the balloon flight will take them into the
E) to safeguard the financial assets of its harshest of environmental conditions
pensioners, the bank of Japan will not be able
to take any radical measures B) even if they were to be provided with special
space suits
30. Unless you take their backgrounds
C) however short the duration of the balloon flight
into consideration, ----..
turned out to be
A) they could not have been more different in D) for huge physical demands have been put on
appearance and temperament their bodies
B) neither of them would have admitted the fact E) that they are required to follow strict fitness
to anyone and dietary regimes
C) second-generation Jewish-American business 34. Unlike most animals, the baby elephant very
families may be expected to have certain traits often has to be up on its feet and moving
in common with the herd ----..
D) the suggestion couldn\'t be considered
A) whether it is fully functional straight away
E) these two women have nothing at all in
common B) so it has an amazing ability to learn and
remember things
31. When the comet fragments plunged
C) as if there were a long period of juvenile
into Jupiter's atmosphere, ----..
dependency
A) it has a speed of over 200,000 kilometers per D) before it is even an hour old
hour
E) because a nomadic life-style necessitated such
B) the same thing can happen to Earth practices
C) they exploded, and released the energy of 35. Naturally he was amazed to learn ----..
around 50,000 H bombs
D) Jupiter has been struck at least four times over A) whichever business managed to increase their
the past 100 years profits towards the end of the year
E) Earth must be guarded against a similar attack B) how anyone can survive even two days in the
North Sea
C) that she had set her heart on going back to

Johannesburg
D) where I have hidden the key to garage
E) until the whole debt has been paid back to the

very last penny
36. Smallpox inoculation became popular ----.. 38. ou Fransz siyaseti, Avrupa Birlii
Anayasasnn halk tarafndan ezici bir ekilde
reddedileceini sanmyordu..
A) that eventually this disease would have been
completely wiped out
A) The politicians, most of whom were French,
B) even though the success rate, according to were not expecting the European Union
recent statistics, is still rather doubtful Constitution to be so overwhelmingly rejected
by the people.
C) even if it had not been a fatal disease that
brought death to all levels of society B) Most French politicians did not think that the
European Union Constitution would be
D) however unlikely one is to come in contact with overwhelmingly rejected by the people.
the disease
C) The fact that the European Union Constitution
E) only after Janners discovery that the less was overwhelmingly rejected by the people
dangerous cowpox material was an effective surprised most French politicians.
immunizing agent
D) Some French politicians supposed that the
European Union Constitution would be
37. - 42.sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleye overwhelmingly rejected by the people.
cmleye anlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi E) The firm rejection of the European Union
bulunuz. Constitution by French politicians came as a
surprise to the people.
39. Evrenin sakinleri olarak, n ilk kaynann

37. Pek ok insan, egzersiz yapmann daha ok nasl olutuunu, hayatn nasl meydana
yemelerine neden olacan sanr, oysa bu, geldiini ve bu ok byk bolukta akll
tmyle doru deildir.. varlklar olarak bizim yalnz olup olmadmz
merak etmekten kendimizi alamayz..
A) Most people are convinced that, should they
exercise, they will eat more, but this is not true A) How the first light was formed, how life
at all. started, and whether we are the only intelligent
beings in this huge emptiness are the questions
B) Many people think that exercising will make that, as inhabitants of the universe, we cannot
them eat more, but this is not entirely true. keep ourselves from asking.
C) A lot of people are of the opinion that, through B) As inhabitants of the universe, we cannot help
exercising, they will start to eat much more wondering how the first source of light formed,
even though this is not absolutely correct. how life came into existence and whether we
are alone as intelligent beings in this vast
D) A number of people claim that exercising will emptiness.
make them eat more although this is not the
case. C) As this universes only intelligent inhabitants, it
is up to us to ask questions such as how the
E) Several people imagine that too much first light source was formed, how life on Earth
exercising will lead to too much eating, but this started, and how we came to inhabit a tiny
is not quite correct. planet in this vast emptiness.
D) As inhabitants of this universe, we cannot help

asking such pressing questions as how the first
light source was formed, how life started, and
whether there are other intelligent beings living
in this vast emptiness.
E) Being inhabitants of the vast emptiness that is

our universe, we cannot help wondering how
light was formed, how life started, and whether
we are quite alone as intelligent beings in the
universe.
40. When youth is gone, some people look back 42. Marine life is being photographed using
upon that period of their life with sorrow and special cameras made to withstand the
regret.. pressure of the water..
A) Genlik sona erince, zntye ve d krklna A) zellikle deniz yaamnn fotoraflarn ekmek
den baz insanlar, yaamlarnn bu dnemini iin kullanlan kameralar, suyun basncna
gz ard ederler. dayankldr.
B) Genlik gelip geince, baz insanlar ac ve B) Deniz yaamnn fotoraflarn ekebilen, suyun
znt iinde geriye bakp yaamlarnn bu basncna dayankl zel kameralar yaplmtr.
dnemini hatrlarlar.
C) Deniz yaamnn fotoraflar, suyun basncna
C) Genlik elden gidince, baz kiiler, yaamlarnn dayanacak biimde yaplm olan zel
bu dnemine zlemle ve ac duyarak bakarlar. kameralar kullanlarak ekilmektedir.
D) Genlik yllar geip gidince, baz insanlar, D) Suyun basncna dayanabilen kameralarn
krgnlk ve umutsuzluk iinde yaamlarnn bu yaplmas, deniz yaamnn fotoraflarnn
dnemini gzden geirirler. ekilmesini salamtr.
E) Genlik geince, baz insanlar geriye dnp E) Deniz yaamnn fotoraflar ekilirken, basnca
yaamlarnn bu dnemine znt ve pimanlk dayankl zel kameralar kullanlmaktadr.
ile bakarlar.
41. With the exception of its southwest, a large

part of Afghanistan is covered by high snow-
capped mountains and divided by deep
valleys..
A) Afganistann gneybats hari byk bir

blm, zirveleri karla rtl yksek dalarla
kapldr ve derin vadilerle blnmtr.
B) Afganistann birok blgesinde olduu gibi

gneybatsnda da karla kapl yksek dalar ve
derin vadiler byk bir yer tutar.
C) Afganistanda gneybat kesimler dndaki

blgelerin ounu, karl yksek dalar kaplar ve
derin vadiler bler.
D) Karl yksek dalar ve derin vadiler,

gneybats dnda Afganistann byk bir
blmn kaplar.
E) Afganistan, gneybatsnn byk bir blm

dnda, tepeleri karl yksek dalarla ve
boydan boya uzanan derin vadilerle kapldr.
44. The passage points out that a humans
immune system ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) grows gradually stronger as he or she gets

older
Individual 'banks' of immune cells taken from pigs
might one day be used to boost our own immune B) is exactly the same as a pigs
systems or to fight HIV and cancer. Our immune
systems T-cells, which play a key role in fighting off C) functions at peak levels during childhood
diseases, are sharpened during childhood to attack
D) eventually declines to zero in old age
particular pathogens after encountering them. This
flexibility diminishes after a child reaches young E) consists of many copies of one kind of T-cell
adulthood, but researchers at a US university have
come up with a way to revive it. According to them, if
a humans immune cells are transferred into a young 45. According to the passage, the research
teams experiments demonstrated that ----..
pig, they could be brought up to maximum
effectiveness (as in a childs body), then implanted
back into the person they came from. The research A) humans immune systems diminish in power
team has already had success with experiments after childhood
where human stem cells were injected into
B) immune cells that had been grown in pigs could
developing pig foetuses; when the piglets were born,
fight HIV and cancer
the injected cells had multiplied and matured into a
diverse range of human T-cells, alongside the C) human T-cells need to be alongside pig
pigsown immune cells, that were shown to be fully immune cells to be fully functional
functional. The chief researcher envisions this
approach eventually being used to make human cells D) piglets that were injected with human stem
that fight specific diseases. The necessary technology cells soon produced a variety of human T-cells
is available now to introduce the technique widely, E) pig foetuses could be made to produce human
provided that regulatory authorities can be convinced T-cells
that it can be safely tested in humans. However, the
fear is that dormant pig viruses buried in their DNA
46. The passage suggests that the implantation
could be spread to humans. Another potential danger
of pig-boosted T-cells back into the original
is that human derived cells might pick up surface human donor ----..
molecules from the pig. This could make the
transferred cells themselves targets for immune
destruction. The pigs might also produce too few A) has not been attempted yet by the researchers
human cells to fight disease.
B) was successful in restoring the persons
immune system to childhood levels
C) resulted in a new immune system for him or

43. We can understand from the passage that
her that was capable of fighting specific
regulatory authorities ----..
diseases
A) are concerned that using pigs to grow human D) was stopped by the researchers discovery of a
immune cells might be harmful dormant pig virus in the DNA
B) should first convince the researchers to safely E) was refused by him or her out of fear of the
test the technique against specific diseases possible dangers it might bring
C) are responsible for protecting the health of

baby pigs implanted with human cells
D) are most afraid of the possibility of the pigs

inability to produce enough human immune
cells
E) have been working closely with the researchers

to ensure the experiments were done correctly
49. It is pointed out in the passage that the
performance of a play on the stage ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) enables the audience to be more closely

involved
Because a play presents its action through actors, its
impact is direct, immediate, and heightened by B) has the same impact on the audience as that of
theactors skills. Instead of responding to words on the printed text
aprinted page, the spectator sees what is done and
hears what is said. The experience of the play is C) depends much more on the director than on
registered directly upon his senses. It may therefore the actors for its success
be fuller and more compact. Where the work of
D) can best be accomplished through close
prosefiction may tell us what a character looks like in attention to the play wrights instructions
one paragraph, how he moves or speaks in a second,
what he says in a third, and how his auditors E) should not guide the way the audience feels
respondin a fourth, the acted play presents this
material all at once. Simultaneous impressions are 50. Clearly, the passage is mainly concerned with
not separated.Moreover, this experience is ----..
interpreted by actors who may be highly skilled in
rendering nuances of meaning and strong emotion.
Through facial expression, gesture, speech rhythm, A) the techniques a director makes most use of in
the staging of a play
and intonation, they may be able to make a speakers
words more expressive than can the readers unaided B) the sense of immediacy and the intensity that a
imagination. Thus, the performance of a play by well-staged play offers
skilled actors, expertly directed, gives the play wright
a tremendous source of power. C) the role of imagination in prose fiction and
drama
D) the question of how a play can best be

47. It is clear from the passage that unlike a performed
staged play, a work of prose fiction ----..
E) the relationship between the actors and the
writer of a play
A) mainly focuses on character and action
B) is very effective in arousing the readers

emotions
C) allows no possibility of multiple interpretation
D) makes much use of various literary devices
E) makes its impact slowly
48. It is emphasized in the passage that the

effectiveness of a plays action ----. .
A) disappears as soon as the performance is over
B) is maintained only temporarily depending on

the audience
C) is largely created through facial expression

and the playwrights skill
D) is increased both through skilled performance

and through professional direction
E) can be further strengthened through character

analysis
53. According to the passage, one thing that
prevents witnesses from getting involved in
cevaplaynz. emergencies is ----..
A) the fact that they are too busy

In 1964, Kitty Genovese was murdered outside her
home in New York City late at night. She fought back, B) their distrust of the legal system
and the murder took over half an hour. At least 38
neighbours heard her screams for help, but nobody C) their surprise and horror at the incident
came to her aid. No one even called the police. The
D) their fear of the police
American public was horrified by this incident, and
social psychologists began to investigate the causes E) the possibility of physical harm
of what at first was termedbystander apathy. Their
work showed that apathywas not a very accurate
term, however. It is not simple indifference that 54. It can be understood from the passage that
although Kitty Genovese cried out for help
prevents bystanders from intervening in emergencies.
when she was attacked, ----..
First, there are realistic deterrents such as physical
danger. Second, getting involved may mean lengthy
court appearances or other entanglements. Third, A) the police arrived too late to help
emergencies are unpredictable and require quick,
B) the American public disregarded the incident
unplanned action;few of us are prepared for such
situations. Finally, one risks making a fool of oneself C) none of her neighbours helped her
by misinterpreting a situation as an emergency when
it is not.Researchers concluded that the bystander to D) her neighbours put themselves in danger trying
anemergency situation is in an unenviable position. It to help her
isperhaps surprising that anyone should intervene
E) her neighbours had to appear in court because
atall.
they did nothing to help her
51. According to the passage, Kitty Genoveses

murder is an example of what was at first
called ----..
A) a realistic deterrent
B) quick, unplanned action
C) court entanglements
D) misinterpretation of a situation
E) bystander apathy
A) whenever a person tries to offer help in an

emergency, other bystanders will think he is
foolish
B) all people intervening in emergencies must

testify in court
C) the American public likes to get involved in

emergencies
D) there are so many obstacles to intervening in

an emergency that most people are unwilling
to do so
E) simple indifference prevents most bystanders

from intervening in emergencies
57. It's clear from the passage that the
company aims to ----..
cevaplaynz.
A) stay in the limelight whatever the cost may be

The Michigan factory of a leading car B) increase its car sales which, over recent years,
manufacturing company already has its place in have been rapidly declining, by attracting
industrial history. It is famous primarily on account of notice through its
record-breaking models produced there between
1927 and 1931. Now the refitted factory is back in the C) branch out into architectural activities and
limelight as one of the world's most architecturally reduce its car production
advanced buildings. The height of new technology will
D) get rid of the chemical by-products that have
be its 42, 000 square meter roof. Dubbed a 'living roof accumulated around the factory, and make a
by the company, it consists of a ground-hugging garden there
plant called sedum which is growing in a 7.6 cm-thick
matlike material. The sedum insulates the roof, E) go on producing record-breaking cars
reducing heating bills by as much as five per cent and
saving on replacement costs. It lasts twice as long as 58. The factory which is the subject of the
a standard roof because it doesn't shrink or passage ----..
expand when the temperature varies. It is also
expected to become a habitat for butterflies and
A) is in the news now on account of its
birds. Embedded in the roof are 36 skylights that let
ultramodern architectural features
in natural light. On sunny days the factory will
operate with up to half of its lights switched off. The B) has been constantly in the limelight ever
company also intends to clear the soil around the since1927
factory to remove the chemical by-products of years
of steel manufacturing. The car company will plant C) is far more cost-conscious than
native bushes, flowers and trees that will break environmentallyconscious
down polyaromatic hydrocarbons. D) has a remarkable roof that will never
needreplacing
E) produces high-quality cars that have

55. The root of the factory which is described in repeatedlybroken automobile speed records
the passage is labeled 'living' ----..
A) because it provides no insulation from

theweather
B) since the mat-like material from which it is

madeis actually comprised of living plants
C) because it is partly composed of growing plants
D) since it attracts large numbers of butterflies

andbirds
E) as it lets in the sunlight
56. We learn from the passage that the new-

style roof ----..
A) is one of the less unusual features of the new

style factory
B) will enable the company to cut down on its

heating bills
C) consists largely of skylights because these are

an aid to insulation
D) has as many drawbacks as it has advantages
E) is the company\'s way of apologizing for the

harm cars cause to the environment
60. It is understood from the passage that,
becausespins in fighter flights can be fatal, -
cevaplaynz. ---..
A) they are referred to as graveyard spins

Henrik-Jan van Veen has carried out a great deal
ofresearch into spinning. This is especially true B) van Veen has been testing a number of devices
forgraveyard spins, the term for what happens that could prevent spins
whenfighter pilots get so disoriented they
miscalculate howto get their plane back on course. C) the TNO is making spin-prevention devices a
They can end up ina dangerous and often fatal spin. major research project
Van Veen works ata research lab run by the
D) many aircraft have been indefinitely grounded
Netherlands Organizationfor Applied Scientific
Research, the TNO. The rangeof research covered by E) all pilots are required to wear a vibrotactile
the TNO is vast, and it seesitself as a practical vest
problem solver. And for the Dutchair force, the
graveyard spin is certainly a problemthat needs 61. We understand from the passage that the
solving. Van Veens specialty isvibrotactile devices, Dutchresearch centre, the TNO, ----..
which use vibrations to conveyinformation. His latest
project is a vest studded allover with small discs that
can each vibrateindependently. In a test room, a pilot A) works in very close association with the Dutch
armed forces
is strapped intoa seat in a cockpit. At the push of a
button, thelights go out and the chair starts spinning. B) oversees all major research projects being
After awhile the chair is stopped. Hell think hes carried out in the country
spinningthe other way now, says van Veen. The pilot
is toldto correct the spin, but instead, he C) has put a lot of pressure on van Veen to extend
overcorrectsmassively, and the chair begins spinning the uses of vibrotactile devices
again. Inthe next test, the pilot dons van Veens vest
D) encourages the application of research for the
and istold that the patch of the vest that is vibrating solving of problems
willindicate the direction he should force the joystick
tocorrect a spin. This time, when the chair E) puts safety devices high on its list of priorities
stopsspinning the pilot manages to keep the seat still.
VanVeen thinks the vibrotactile vest could do more 62. It is clear from the passage that van
thansave the lives of fighter pilots. Hes now working Veensimmediate purpose in developing the
onlinking the system to a GPS receiver so that vibrotactilevest is to ----..
touristsin a foreign city or blind people in an
unfamiliarenvironment can use the vest to find their
A) help fighter pilots to calculate their course
wayaround.
more accurately
B) warn pilots in advance that a spin is building up

C) help the blind find their way about
vibrotactilevest ----..
D) make it possible to reduce the amount of fuel
A) has contributed significantly to environmental used by aircraft
research
E) enable fighter pilots to get over the effects of a
B) could be developed to serve a variety of spin and thus, avoid a crash
purposes
C) has been in use in military aviation for many

decades
D) is the product of an expensive research project

undertaken by the Dutch military
E) could be used to transmit secret military

information
65. Elizabeth :- According to this article, the
world is now a safer place than it was during
bo braklan ksmn tamamlayabilecek the Cold War.
ifadeyi bulunuz. Philip :- ----
Elizabeth :- Not as much as you might think.
The number of governments possessing
nuclear arms has actually declined since the
63. Henry: - I'm sure you've been following the end of the Cold War.
debate on patenting human DNA. What's your Philip :- So even though terrorists attack
view on it? more often, they dont kill the high number
James: - I really don't know. Industry is of people that a nuclear warhead would..
obviously for it.
Henry: - ----.
James: - And there are also some who think A) It must be due to increased security at national
they have found a tenable middle-ground borders.
position..
B) That cant be true. Youd better re-read the
article!
A) How did we reach these conclusions?
C) What about the recent rise in international
B) Could that be an outcome of greed? terrorism? Doesnt that make the world more
dangerous?
C) But there are plenty of people opposed to it on
moral grounds. D) I completely agree. Just think of all the missiles
the US and Russia had pointed at each other
D) The key question is where to draw the line. during the 1980s!
E) Patents on genes of unknown medical value E) What do you think is the reason for this
should be discouraged. situation?
64. Fred : I have been doing some research for a 66. Doctor: Now that you are receiving
paper on the emergence of fascism in Italy. chemotherapy, I must warn you against
There is a vast amount of material that I have opportunistic infections.
to consult. A tough job. Patient: What exactly are you talking about?
Colleague : I agree. Not an easy one. You Doctor: ----
know, like many European nations, Italy Patient: So that probably means bacteria that
emerged from World War I at a heavy cost, are usually harmless can overwhelm my body
but surely there were various causes for the and cause disease..
rise of fascism in the country.
Fred : ----
Colleague : I am sure, as I gather from what A) Well, you know chemotherapy weakens your
you are saying, your paper will provide us immune system.
with a full account of how Italy turned to
fascism.. B) Perhaps you should bring me your vaccine
report, so that we can check what diseases you
are immune to.
A) Under Mussolini, the Italian economy was
placed under the management of twenty-two C) Well, I think it would be best if you avoided
corporations, each responsible for a major close contact with people who have even the
industrial enterprise. common cold.
B) In fact, I will mainly focus on how Italy was D) Once your chemotherapy is over, well have to
divided into a prosperous industrialized North check your body functions and infection
and a poor agrarian south. resistance again.
C) To tell you the truth, World War I had cost Italy E) Well, there are infections that affect people of a
nearly seven hundred thousand lives and over certain age group.
$15 billion.
D) In my opinion, you are mistaken when you

claim that the Italian fascist movement
depended heavily on Mussolinis leadership.
E) Undoubtedly. Among them can be mentioned

political corruption, weaknesses of
parliamentary democracy, high inflation, rising
unemployment, and nationwide strikes.
67. Brenda :- Have you heard of the new Internet 69. The activity of coffee trading on the
technology that allows people to conduct a international market is second only to
search for information by entering a photo petroleum..
taken with a mobile telephone into the
search engine?
Ryan :- ---- A) Petroleum trading ranks the second worldwide
Brenda :- Well, for example, sending a photo when compared to coffee.
of a nearby landmark building might give you
B) Petroleum is the most internationally traded
a street map of the area.
product, followed by coffee.
Ryan :- That would be useful if you were lost
in a foreign city..
C) Coffee and petroleum are the two most
valuable commodities in trade among
A) I can barely use my mobile to call someone, let countries.
alone to send a picture over the Internet!
D) Increasing demand for petroleum makes coffee
B) Who told you that? the second most popular product in the world.
C) What good would that be? E) Petroleum is one of the most internationally
traded products, but coffee surpasses it.
D) Oh, another new technology.
70. Huntingtons has been described as the most
E) Dont believe everything you read or see on the
disastrous disease known to man because of
television.
its peculiarly cruel characteristics, as it
progressively strips a person of control of his
muscles, reason and emotion..
A) Huntingtons disease is described as not only
the worst disease in the world but also the
most cruelly progressive, as it slowly takes
68. Bird migration is similar to an extreme away a persons ability to control their muscles,
endurance sport, but even the most reason and e
impressive human athletic efforts lose
significance in comparison to it.. B) To describe Huntingtons as a cruel disease
could be disastrous as people know that it
eventually takes away a persons ability to
A) No matter how excellent a human athlete can control their muscles as well as to reason and
be in his attempts in an extreme endurance feel emotion.
sport, it cannot be likened in any way to bird
migration. C) Due to its cruel characteristics that gradually
take away a persons control of their muscles,
B) Even though migrating birds can be likened to reason and emotion, Huntingtons is said to be
human athletes in extreme endurance sports, the most devastating disease in the world.
the best athletes prove to be far superior to
birds. D) When a person starts to rapidly lose control of
his muscles and no longer is able to reason or
C) Both bird migration and human athletic control his emotions, he can be described as
activities are similar in that the best examples having the most disastrous disease ever
in both cases are very impressive. Huntingtons.
D) An extreme endurance sport endeavour is E) When a man is described as having

comparable to bird migration; however, its Huntingtons, it can be a very cruel experience,
most extraordinary instances go beyond it in as they will gradually experience certain
comparison. characteristics such as lack of muscle control,
reason and emotion.
E) Bird migration is akin to an extreme endurance
sport; nevertheless, no matter how remarkable
they are, human sports activities fall behind
when compared to it.
71. When he asked which one I wanted, I said I 73. China is not known for taking care of the
didn't mind.. environment. One recent World Bank report
found that 16 of the worlds 20 most polluted
cities were in China. Another report puts the
A) He said I could choose between them, but I said total economic cost of outdoor air and water
it didn\'t matter to me. pollution at around $100 billion a year, or
5.8% of Chinas Gross Domestic product. ----.
B) He said I had to choose, but I didn\'t want to.
C) It was up to me to choose between them, but I A) But though China has now become the worlds
really didn\'t want to. third largest manufacturer of solar panels, most
are exported.
D) He wanted me to choose for him and I agreed
to do so. B) By some estimates, China has now overtaken
America to become the worlds largest
E) I would have done the choosing if they had producer of greenhouse gases.
asked me to.
C) Chinese investment in clean technology is on
the increase according to industry experts.
parada anlam btnln salamak iin D) The Chinese government is also introducing
getirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz. environment targets of its own in areas such as
building regulations.
E) Japan was also a fast-growing polluted country

72. It is difficult to relate skin colour directly to in the 1960s.
genetic inheritance. Dennis Barber, a white
bank manager from Staffordshire, recently 74. E-waste (used electronic equipment)
discovered that he is the direct descendant recycling is a booming business in India. ----.
of a black African slave who was brought to The work can be hazardous for them.
England in the 18th century. ---- It has been Recyclers expose themselves to toxic metals
estimated that one in five white British such as lead, mercury and cadmium. They
people has a direct black ancestor and that know that its harmful but they are poor, so
they could presumably pass on their genes to anything that can be recycled is money for
the next generation as well.. them..
A) Despite his white appearance, Dennis carries A) According to official figures, India currently
genes that could result in his own descendants process 150,000 tons of e-waste a year and
being born with dark features. illegally imports that amount from the West
B) However, Dennis father decided to settle down B) India is unlikely to impose any type of taxation
in Europe and marry an English woman. or fee to cover recycling costs, as is done in
other countries
C) In fact, slavery is the primary reason why there
is no agreement about whether genes play a C) In New Delhi alone about 10,000 people
role in ones skin colour. dismantle old computers and other equipment
searching for gold, copper, palladium, or
D) It is only natural that Dennis had white skin, anything else that can be turned into cash
since there is no evidence in science linking
genetics and skin colour. D) Currently, India has only 22 computers for
every 1,000 people, but that number is
E) Biologists can account for the differences expected to increase to 120 in the next five
between the English and the Africans that they years
enslaved.
E) European firms that have come to India with
plans to start recycling centres are put off by
the lack of legislation
75. The liver receives blood from both the 77. (I)By about 3500 B.C., there had developed in
intestine and the heart. Tiny capillaries in the Egypt and Mesopotamia a highly advanced
intestinal wall drain into the portal vein, social and economic life. (II) Copper and
which enters the liver. ----. The hepatic artery bronze were being used, although on a
brings blood to the liver from the heart. This limited scale, and trading contacts with other
blood carries oxygen for the liver tissue itself countries had been established. (III) It is the
as well as cholesterol and other substances opinion of most archaeologists that
for processing.. civilisation first developed in the Middle
East.(IV) Many of these contacts were with
Syria, which, lying between Egypt and
A) The liver converts substances in digested food Mesopotamia, had participated at an early
into proteins date in the general advance of material and
cultural development.(V) Moreover, Syria was
B) The liver manufactures about half of the bodys
endowed with a number of resources that
cholesterol
were lacking in Egypt and Mesopotamia..
C) Abnormalities of liver function can be divided
broadly into two groups A) I
D) Sugars are stored in the liver as glycogen B) II
E) The blood then flows through tiny channels C) III
inside the liver
D) IV
76. - 80.sorularda, cmleler srasyla E) V

bozan cmleyi bulunuz. 78. (I) While most early European immigrants to
America were farmers, many city dwellers
came to the new land as well. (II) These
newcomers were attracted to the bustling
76. (I) A leading pharmaceutical company urban centres. (III) As a result, American
recently announced that it had tested 13, 500 cities expanded enormously. (IV) The history
molecules against the parasite that causes of the United States is filled with accounts of
malaria. (II) Malaria has been known about people who came from all over the world to
since ancient times and has gone under many settle here. (V) New York, for example, which
names. (III) Today, it kills over a million had a population of only sixty thousand in
people a year, most of them young 1600, grew to a city of more than one million
children.(IV) Where it originally came from, people in 1860..
though, has been a matter of scientific
debate for half a century. (V) It was in 1958
that a noted anthropologist first suggested A) I
that Plasmodium falciparum (the deadliest of
the four or five parasites that cause human B) II
malaria) had jumped into people from
chimpanzees10, 000 years ago.. C) III
D) IV
A) I
E) V
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
79. (I) In 1965 when Mrs Indira Gandhi became
the prime minister of India, she faced serious
political problems in the country. (II) For
instance, she followed a pro-Soviet foreign
policy and, hence, did not react against the
Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. (III) In the
first place, she had to consolidate her
authority in the Congress Party against the
opposition from the Partys old guard. (IV)
Also she had to deal with the terrorist
activities in various parts of the country. (V)
However, she took courageous steps in her
rule and won a landslide election victory in
1971..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
80. (I) The latest cause for concern in drinking

water is aluminium. (II) It can occur naturally
in peaty moorland waters. (III) More often it
is added in the form of aluminium sulphate to
water at treatment works. (IV) Apparently,
some countries in the world are not yet fully
aware of the danger. (V) Water authorities do
this because it removes tiny particles
suspended in the water that can make it
brown..
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
E) V
1 A 41 A
2 A 42 C
3 D 43 A
4 A 44 C
5 B 45 E
6 C 46 A
7 D 47 E
8 A 48 D
9 A 49 A
10 A 50 B
11 D 51 E
12 E 52 D
13 E 53 E
14 D 54 C
15 A 55 B
16 E 56 B
17 E 57 D
18 C 58 A
19 E 59 B
20 D 60 A
21 A 61 D
22 E 62 E
23 A 63 C
24 E 64 E
25 B 65 C
26 A 66 A
27 C 67 C
28 C 68 E
29 B 69 B
30 E 70 C
31 C 71 A
32 E 72 A
33 A 73 B
34 D 74 C
35 E 75 E
36 C 76 A
37 B 77 C
38 B 78 A
39 B 79 E
40 E 80 A

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1

5. The correct time to start a baby on solid food

3. Maillarts graphical analysis of this B) has realized / had taken

A) avoided E) would realize / has taken

B) deterred 8. The Romanian Privatisation Authority

A) consciously D) is turning out / has made

B) adversely E) might turn out / makes

B) therefore B) off / over

D) moreover D) over / out

E) indeed E) back / through

B) had been made / will have generated

C) will be made / are to generate

D) were made / would generate

E) have been made / may have generated

13. Of the rock samples we have so far worked

Skiing is a winter sport which first requires sitting on a C) Until

A) has been overcoming

The attempts, first by British warships and then C) were studied

B) following the wrong guideline could have been

A) intend C) interest rates measure the cost of credit, not

A) to B) After all, she committed an error, not a crime

B) upon C) Others were also involved in the affair

C) within D) A lot of people have forgiven her

D) about E) She was wrongly accused

A) unless B) A cure is nowhere in sight

B) though C) Neither doctors nor scientists can accurately

A) until he goes off to another football match

B) as several of Americas largest banks had

A) as if motivation can be taken into account

B) which had already been confirmed

C) when people eat or drink artificially sweetened

D) because the last meal of the day would be

A) It was in the late nineteenth century that,

D) Northern Ireland is regarded as an essential

C) Shakespeares family can be traced back to a

D) Shakespeares family goes back to the

E) Shakespeares family has been traced back to

A) Orta Asya ounlukla okyanuslarn yumuatc

B) Orta Asya, okyanuslarn yumuatc etkilerinden

C) Orta Asyann pek ok blgesinde klarn ok

D) Okyanuslarn yumuatc etkilerinden yoksun

E) Orta Asya, okyanuslarn yumuatc etkilerinden

A) foods with a lot of fat should never be

B) in the long run, it will most likely lead to obesity

C) the vital functions of the body can be

D) the consumption of calorie-rich foods can be

E) the body is able to eliminate its extra calories

44. One understands from the passage that

A) must be sufficient for the body to meet its

B) are mainly derived from foods which are rich in

C) are for the body to carry out its tasks and

D) must be reduced so as to enable the body to

E) taken through the consumption of various

D) involved showing a picture of a human face and

A) still prevails in this century

B) is the subject of previous centuries

C) can be eradicated with education

D) is the most observable in white scientists\'

48. As it is pointed out in the passage, ---- ..

A) over the centuries, racism has been declining,