Explicit-STR 16.0 L05 Material Models
Explicit-STR 16.0 L05 Material Models
Explicit-STR 16.0 L05 Material Models
Material Models
16.0 Release
Introduction to ANSYS
Explicit STR
1 2015 ANSYS, Inc. April 15, 2015
Material Behaviour Under Dynamic Loading
In general, materials have a complex response to dynamic loading
The following phenomena may need to be modelled
Non-linear pressure response
Strain hardening
Strain rate hardening
Thermal softening
Compaction (porous materials)
Orthotropic behaviour (e.g. composites)
Crushing damage (e.g. ceramics, glass, geological materials, concrete)
Chemical energy deposition (e.g. explosives)
Tensile failure
Phase changes (solid-liquid-gas)
No single material model incorporates all of these effects.
Engineering Data offers a selection of models from which you can choose based on the
material(s) present in your simulation
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Modeling Provided By Engineering Data
Because of its simplicity, working and thinking in the principal coordinate system is often used in
the formulation of material models.
where l and G are the Lame constants (G is also known as the Shear Modulus)
Many applications involve stresses considerably beyond the elastic limit and
so require more complex material models
Generalized Non-Linear
Hookes Law
Response
Equation of State
Strength Model
AUTODYN
Equation of State
Strength Model
Failure Model
Specific Heat
This is required to calculate the temperature used in
material models that include thermal softening (Adiabatic
heating)
This property is automatically included in thermal softening
models
e = Constant s = Constant
Stress Strain
Time Time
5.00
Mooney-Rivlin
Arruda-Boyce
4.00 Ogden
3.00
2.00
1.00
0.00
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Eng. Strain
Properties defined
Yield Strength (Y0)
Tangent Modulus (A)
Isotropic Hardening
Total stress range is twice the maximum yield stress, Y
Kinematic Hardening
Total stress range is twice the starting yield stress, Y0
Models Bauschinger effect
Often required to accurately predict response of thin structure
(shells)
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Plasticity
1 1
Properties defined
Up to ten stress-strain pairs
Multilinear Isotropic Hardening
Total stress range is twice the maximum yield stress, Y
Multilinear Kinematic Hardening
Total stress range is twice the starting yield stress, Y0
Can only be used with solid elements
Hardening term is same as that used in the Johnson Cook (JC) model
Strain rate dependent term has different form compare to JC model
No thermal softening term compare with JC model
The plastic flow algorithm used with this model has an option to
reduce high frequency oscillations that are sometimes observed in
the yield surface under high strain rates. A first order rate
correction is applied by default.
Strain rate properties should be input assuming that the units of
strain rate are 1/second.
subject to Y0 [1 + ]n Ymax
= effective plastic strain
t = temperature (degrees K)
= compression = v0 / v
Primed parameters (with subscripts P and ) are derivatives
with respect to pressure and temperature
Constants for 14 metals in the Explicit Materials library
bcc
Where Y , p , and denote the total yield stress, the pressure yield stress and the
density yield stress respectively.
The un-load / re-load slope is defined by the shear modulus which is defined as
a function of the density of the material at zero pressure
The yield stress is defined by a yield stress pressure and a yield stress
density curve with up to 10 points in each curve.
The shear modulus is defined by a shear modulus density curve with up to 10
points.
All three curves must be defined.
g = adiabatic exponent
= density,
e = specific internal energy
Adiabatic Constant, C
Enter non-zero value to calculate adiabatic response
P/g = C
Pressure shift
Lets you subtract atmospheric pressure
Reference Curves
The shock Hugoniot
A standard adiabat
The 0 K isotherm
The isobar p = 0
The curve e = 0
The saturation curve
> 0 (compression):
< 0 (tension):
Us = C1 + S1up
Gruneisen Coefficient, G, is often approximated using
G = 2s1 - 1
where V is the specific volume of the porous material and Vs is the specific
volume of the solid material
= g (p,e) (fitted to experimental data)
If the pressure (P) becomes less than the Maximum Tensile Pressure
(Pmin), failure occurs
Material instantaneously fails.
If Material also uses damage evolution, the Maximum Tensile Pressure
is scaled down as the damage, D, increases from 0.0 to 1.0
Can only be applied to solid bodies.
Can be combined with Crack Softening Failure to invoke fracture
energy based softening
Simulation
Experiment (Hazell)
is the density
c is the bulk sound speed
Y is the yield stress
ec is a Critical Strain Value
If maximum principal tensile stress exceeds the critical spall stress (S),
instantaneous failure of the element is initiated.
Typical value for the Critical Strain is 0.15 for Aluminum.
Can only be applied to solid bodies.
Must be used in conjunction with a Plasticity model
Insertion into
schematic flow Explicit *
(Autodyn) Implicit (MAPDL)
Parameter Support
Procedure:
Restore the Explicit Dynamics (ANSYS) Project Shock_1D
Review the predefined loading and boundary conditions
Set-up the postprocessing result items and run the simulation
Review the Result Tracker, Probe, and Profile Path results
Walkthrough
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Workshop 7 - Turbine Blade break
Goal: Model the breakage of a turbine blade
Procedure:
Import turbine geometry
Start Mechanical
Mesh the geometry
Apply appropriate initial conditions
Solve the problem
View the results
Create animations of the results
Quick Instructions
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