Question 197: (Forces Moments) : (At The 50cm Mark)
Question 197: (Forces Moments) : (At The 50cm Mark)
Question 197: (Forces Moments) : (At The 50cm Mark)
A uniform metre rule of mass 100 g is supported by a pivot at the 40 cm mark and a string at
the 100 cm mark. The string passes round a frictionless pulley and carries a mass of 20 g as
shown in the diagram.
At which mark on the rule must a 50 g mass be suspended so that the rule balances?
November 2002:
A 4cm B 36 cm C 44 cm D 96 cm
Reference: Past Exam Paper November 2002 Paper 1 Q14 & June 2011 Paper 11 Q13 & Paper 13
Q12 & November 2014 Paper 13 Q14
Solution 197:
Answer: C.
Since the metre rule is uniform, its centre of mass is at the centre (at the 50cm
mark).
Let the acceleration of free fall = a
The weight due to the centre of mass causes a clockwise moment on the rule
about the pivot (at a distance of [50cm 40cm =] 10cm from the pivot).
{Note that the distance may be left in cm (provided that all distances are taken
in cm) as the final answer required (among the choices) is in cm}
Clockwise moment due to centre of mass = 100a x 10 = 1000a
The weight of the 20g mass causes an anticlockwise moment on the rule.
Anticlockwise moment due to 20g mass = 20a x (100 40) = 1200a
For equilibrium, the clockwise moment should be equal to the anticlockwise moment. Since
the anticlockwise moment is currently greater than the clockwise moment, the 50g mass must
be suspended such that it produces the remaining clockwise moment for equilibrium. That is,
the 50g mass should be on the right side of the pivot. [A is incorrect]
What is the magnitude of force exerted by block X on block Y during this acceleration?
AF/4 BF/3 CF/2 D 3F / 4
Solution 198:
Answer: D.
The force F, applied to block X, causes both blocks to accelerate.
Total mass being accelerated = m + 3m = 4m
From this acceleration, the force acting on block Y (FY) may be calculated using Newtons
second law of motion now on block Y only. This force is exerted by block X on block Y.
FY = (3m)a = (3m) (F / 4m) = 3F / 4
Question 199: [Measurements > CRO]
Time-base on cathode-ray oscilloscope is set at 6 ms / cm.
Trace consisting of two pulses is recorded as shown in diagram.
Reference: Past Exam Paper November 2003 Paper 1 Q5 & June 2011 Paper 12 Q5
Solution 199:
Answer: D.
Time-base setting of the c.r.o. is 6ms / cm.
1cm represents 6ms
Solution 200:
Answer: D.
This problem deals with projectile motion. So, the vertical and horizontal motion
may be considered separately.
Weights are hung from two points of the bar as shown in diagram. To maintain horizontal
equilibrium, a couple is applied to the bar.
What is the torque and direction of this couple?
A 40 N m clockwise
B 40 N m anticlockwise
C 80 N m clockwise
D 80 N m anticlockwise
Solution 201:
Answer: A.
The pivot is placed at the 1.2m from each end of the bar.
So, the torque and direction of the couple should be 40Nm clockwise.
(c) Trolley of mass 850 g is held between two fixed points by means of identical
springs, as shown.
When trolley is in equilibrium, springs are each extended by 4.5 cm. Each spring
has spring constant 16Ncm1.
Trolley is moved a distance of 1.5 cm along direction of the springs. This causes
extension of one spring to be increased and the extension of the other spring to
be decreased. Trolley is then released. Trolley accelerates and reaches its
maximum speed at the equilibrium position.
Assuming that springs obey Hookes law, use expression in (b) to determine
maximum speed of the trolley.
(b)
EITHER
Work done = Area under graph line = Fx
Force, F = kx, so Work done = kx2
Work done in extending spring = k(x 22 x12)
OR
Work done = average force x distance = [ (F 2 + F1) (x2 x1)
F = kx, so Work done = k (x2 + x1) (x2 x1) = k (x22 x12)
(c)
{When the trolley is moved in one direction, the extension of one spring increases
while that of the other decreases. Thus, the elastic energy stored in the former
spring increases and that in the latter spring decreases.
When the trolley is moved a distance of 0.015m (= 1.5cm), one of the spring is
(4.5cm + 1.5cm =) 0.060m and the other spring is (4.5cm 1.5cm =)
0.030m. At the equilibrium position, both springs are 0.045m.
At the equilibrium position, the elastic energy stored in the springs is converted in
all the kinetic energy of the trolley. Spring constant, k = 16Ncm -1. }
Gain in energy of trolley = k(0.060 2 0.0452) + k(0.0302 0.0452) =
0.36J
Kinetic energy of trolley = mv2 = (0.85) v2 = 0.36J
Speed, v = 0.92ms-1
Solution 203:
Answer: C.
The equations of uniformly accelerated motion are:
s = ut + at2 and v2 = u2 + 2as
It can be seen that the distance, initial velocity and time taken for the body to fall
are needed to calculate a, the acceleration of free fall. But mass is not required.
The acceleration of free fall is constant (in a specific location), no matter what
the mass is (However, the gravitational mass on the body will depend on its
mass).