Biology HSC MG 2010

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2010 HSC Biology

Marking Guidelines

Section I, Part A

Question Answer
1 C
2 D
3 C
4 C
5 B
6 B
7 A
8 D
9 C
10 D
11 B
12 A
13 B
14 D
15 D
16 B
17 C
18 D
19 D
20 C

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Section I, Part B

Question 21

Criteria Marks
Correctly completes the F1 parent genotype, punnet square and phenotype
2
of both offspring
Correctly completes TWO or THREE of the boxes provided 1

Question 22(a)

Criteria Marks
Correctly plots data, labels axes and provides line or curve of best fit 3
Provides some of these features e.g. Does not label an axis properly or
2
does not plot 1 set of data correctly
Provides a correct feature 1

Question 22(b)

Criteria Marks
Correctly identifies the human process
Correctly links their response to the data 3
Correctly links the use of drugs to a change in biodiversity
TWO of the above 2
ONE of the above 1

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 23(a)

Criteria Marks
Clearly shows, with an example, why hybridisation within a species was
2
undertaken
Defines hybridisation
OR 1
Provides an example of hybridisation within a species

Question 23(b)

Criteria Marks
Correctly identifies an example of a transgenic species
Provides coherent arguments for AND/OR against both social AND
5
environmental impacts of the technology
Arguments are clearly linked to the named species
Correctly identifies an example of a transgenic species
Provides arguments for and against impact
4
Provides arguments about social and environmental impacts
Arguments are linked to the named species
Correctly identifies an example of a transgenic species
3
Provides TWO relevant arguments about the social or environmental impacts
Correctly identifies a transgenic species and provides a relevant argument
about the social or environmental impact
OR 2
Provides TWO relevant arguments about the social and/or environmental
impacts
Correctly identifies a transgenic species
OR 1
Provides a relevant statement about the social or environmental impacts

Question 24

Criteria Marks
Completes table correctly identifying independent variable, control,
5
justifications of constant variables and technology used
Completes FOUR rows correctly 4
Completes THREE rows correctly 3
Completes TWO rows correctly 2
Completes ONE row in table correctly 1

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 25(a)

Criteria Marks
Identifies appropriate equipment or resource
2
Justifies the choice
Identifies appropriate equipment or resource 1

Question 25(b)

Criteria Marks
Provides a detailed diagram of xylem tissue and it is a longitudinal section
of xylem tissue (not transverse) 3
Labels/notes a characteristic feature of xylem
Provides a recognisable diagram of xylem tissue and notes a characteristic
feature
2
OR
Provides a detailed diagram of xylem tissue
Provides a recognisable diagram of xylem OR notes a characteristic
1
feature

4
2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 26

Criteria Marks
Makes a judgement about data related to lung cancer and increased
cigarette price
45
Correctly identifies TWO correlations
Correctly identifies TWO limitations in the data.
Makes a judgement about the data related to lung cancer and increased
cigarette price
Correctly identifies TWO correlations
Correctly identifies a limitation in the data
OR 4
Makes a judgement about the data related to lung cancer and increased
cigarette price
Correctly identifies TWO limitation in the data
Correctly identifies a correlation
Makes a judgement about data and provides either a correlation and a
limitation or two correlations/limitations
OR
3
Provides TWO correlations and a limitation
OR
Provides TWO limitations and a correlation
Provides TWO correlations or limitations
OR 2
Provides a correlation and a limitation
Identifies a relevant correlation in the data
OR 1
Identifies a limitation in the data

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 27(a)

Criteria Marks
Sketches in general terms a specific example of quarantine for protecting
animal health in Australia
2
Sketches in general terms a specific example of quarantine for protecting
plant health in Australia
Sketches in general terms a specific example of quarantine for protecting
1
animal or plant health in Australia

Question 27(b)

Criteria Marks
Correctly explains why the quarantine method is effective 1

Question 28(a)

Criteria Marks
Identifies correct name for Y 1

Question 28(b)

Criteria Marks
Provides a judgement about the models effectiveness
Supports their judgement with a piece of evidence, which correctly 3
reflects the rejection process
Provides a judgement about the models effectiveness
Supports their judgement with a piece of evidence
OR 2
Provides a piece of evidence which correctly links the model and the
rejection process
Provides a correct statement relating to organ rejection
OR 1
Provides a general statement that relates to the use of this model

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 28(c)

Criteria Marks
Sketches in general terms the role of TWO named T lymphocytes in organ
4
rejection
Sketches in general terms the role of ONE named T lymphocyte in organ
3
rejection
Sketches in general terms a role of a T lymphocyte in organ rejection
OR 2
Identifies TWO types of T lymphocyte in organ rejection
Sketches in general terms organ rejection
OR 1
Identifies a type of T lymphocyte in organ rejection

Question 29(a)

Criteria Marks
Correctly identifies TWO responses of plants to temperature change stated
2
in the articles
Correctly identifies ONE response of plants to temperature change stated
1
in the articles

Question 29(b)

Criteria Marks
Correctly judges each article as either relevant or irrelevant
Provides reasons for judgement on relevance in each case
Correctly judges reliability of each article 5
Provides reasons for judgement of reliability in each case
Shows clear, coherent, logical progression of ideas
Correctly judges relevance and reliability of each article
Provides some reasons for judgements 4
Shows some logical progression of ideas
Correctly judges relevance and/or reliability of some articles
3
Provides some reasons for judgements
Correctly judges an article as relevant or reliable
2
Provides a reason for the judgement
Correctly judges an article as relevant or reliable 1

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 30

Criteria Marks
Demonstrates a thorough knowledge of biological practices
Demonstrates a thorough knowledge of theories of evolution
Demonstrates clear links between biological practices and theories of
evolution 67
Relates their principles and ideas to the information provided
Demonstrates coherence and logical progression and includes correct use
of biological terms
Demonstrates a sound knowledge of biological practices and at least one
theory of evolution
Demonstrates some links between practices and theories 45
Demonstrates some links to the information provided
Communicates some scientific principles and ideas in a clear manner
Demonstrates some knowledge of a biological practice and/or a theory of
evolution
Demonstrates a link between a practice and/or a theory to the information 23
provided
Communicates ideas in a basic form using some general scientific terms
States or names a biological practice or theory of evolution 1

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Section II

Question 31(a)

Criteria Marks
Completes a table that clearly identifies the structures used to detect
3
vibrations in insects, fish and mammals
Presents information in an organised manner to clearly identify structures
2
to detect vibrations in insects, fish and mammals
Provides a table without relevant information OR identifies correct
1
structure

Question 31(b)

Criteria Marks
Draws TWO labelled diagrams that clearly show the vocal folds when
singing a high pitched note and a low pitched note 4
Includes at least TWO correct labels
Draws TWO diagrams that show the vocal folds when singing a high
3
pitched and a low pitched note
Draws a labelled diagram that shows either high pitched or low pitched 2
Provides some relevant information 1

Question 31(c)(i)

Criteria Marks
Identifies the correct label for Y 1

Question 31(c)(ii)

Criteria Marks
Clearly links the structure of the cones to the location in the retina 2
Identifies a structural feature of cones OR the reason for their location in
1
the retina

Question 31(c)(iii)

Criteria Marks
Sketches in general terms the role of rhodopsin 2
States some relevant information about rhodopsin 1

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 31(d)(i)

Criteria Marks
Provides a description of possible causes and why these result in a lack of
4
action potential
Provides a description of TWO possible causes and describes why ONE of
3
these results in a lack of action potential
Provides a possible cause and why it results in a lack of action potential
OR 2
Identifies TWO causes
Provides relevant information 1

Question 31(d)(ii)

Criteria Marks
Identifies that animal is blind and sketches in general terms an appropriate
2
change in behaviour
Identifies blindness
OR 1
Sketches in general terms an appropriate change in behaviour

Question 31(e)

Criteria Marks
Demonstrates a thorough knowledge of how vision and hearing occur
Clearly links this information to the stimulus material provided
Provides well-supported judgement(s) about how this understanding has 67
affected the development of technologies
Demonstrates coherence and logical progression of ideas and includes
correct use of scientific principles
Demonstrates a sound understanding of vision and hearing
Identifies some links between this information and the stimulus provided
Provides some judgement about how this understanding has affected the 45
development of technologies
Communicates some scientific principles and ideas in a clear manner
Demonstrates a basic understanding of vision and/or hearing or provides
some judgement about how this understanding has affected the
development of technologies 23
Communicates ideas in a simple fashion
Provides some relevant information 1

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 32(a)

Criteria Marks
Completes a table that clearly identifies appropriate process, micro
3
organism and product
Presents information in an organised manner to identify some of the
2
components
Provides a table without relevant information OR identifies ONE
1
component

Question 32(b)

Criteria Marks
Draws a flowchart that clearly shows the sequence of events in the
4
formation of recombinant DNA
Draws a flowchart that shows some of the sequence of events in the
3
formation
Lists the steps in the formation of recombinant DNA 2
Provides some relevant information 1

Question 32(c)(i)

Criteria Marks
Provides information about the biotechnology used 1

Question 32(c)(ii)

Criteria Marks
Provides an assessment
4
Supports assessment with various data sets from the table
Provides an assessment
3
Supports assessment with ONE data set from table
Describes the data
OR 2
Provides an appropriate assessment with little reference to data
Provides any relevant information 1

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 32(d)(i)

Criteria Marks
Describes how and why RNA interference affects protein synthesis 2
States the effect of RNA interference 1

Question 32(d)(ii)

Criteria Marks
Correctly identifies a use of biotechnology
Provides relevant functions for DNA and RNA for use within the 34
technology or when developing the technology
Correctly identifies a relevant biotechnology
2
Provides some information about the role of DNA or RNA
Provides some relevant information 1

Question 32(e)

Criteria Marks
Demonstrates a thorough knowledge of biotechnologies
Demonstrates a thorough knowledge of the associated ethical and social
issues
Provides well-supported judgement(s) about how new technologies have 67
caused these issues
Demonstrates coherence and logical progression of ideas and includes
correct use of scientific principles
Demonstrates a sound knowledge of biotechnologies
Demonstrates a sound knowledge of the associated ethical and social
issues
45
Provides some judgement about how new technologies have caused these
issues
Communicates some scientific principles and ideas in a clear manner
Demonstrates a basic understanding of biotechnology, ethical and/or
social issues or provides some judgement about how the technologies have
caused these issues 23
Communicates ideas in a simple fashion
Provides some relevant information 1

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 33(a)

Criteria Marks
Completes table that clearly identifies the effect of the mutations on
3
chromosome number
Presents information in an organised manner to identify the effect of the
2
TWO mutations on chromosome number
Provides a table without relevant information OR identifies the effect of
1
ONE mutation on chromosome number

Question 33(b)

Criteria Marks
Draws diagrams that clearly show the differences and similarities between
the chromosomes in a cell with a diploid number of 4 4
Draws a corresponding haploid cell
Draws a diagram of a diploid cell with 4 chromosomes. Shows some
similarities and differences between chromosomes 3
Draws a corresponding haploid cell
Shows similarities and differences between chromosomes in a diagram
2
Attempts to show the difference between a diploid and a haploid cell
Provides some relevant information 1

Question 33(c)(i)

Criteria Marks
Provides correct prediction for both defects 1

Question 33(c)(ii)

Criteria Marks
Provides correct phenotypic ratios with working out that clearly supports
4
their conclusion
Provides correct phenotypic ratios and some relevant working out 3
Provides ONE phenotypic ratio correctly
OR 2
Provides incorrect phenotypic ratios but working out supports the ratios
Provides some relevant information 1

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 33(d)(i)

Criteria Marks
Correctly shows how cross-breeding can be used for determining linked
genes
Identifies that recording of phenotypes is required 3
Describes how the specific ratios can be used to show the relative position
of a gene
Correctly identifies that cross-breeding is required
Provides some information about how phenotypes can be used to 2
determine the position of linked genes
Provides some relevant information 1

Question 33(d)(ii)

Criteria Marks
Correctly describes three genetic processes which show how linkage maps
3
alone cannot be used for determining a genome
Correctly describes some genetic processes that relate to problems in
2
determining the genome using linkage maps alone
Provides some relevant information 1

Question 33(e)

Criteria Marks
Demonstrates a thorough knowledge of gene cascades and gene cloning
Demonstrates a thorough knowledge of applications of these technologies
Provides well-supported judgement(s) about how this understanding has 67
affected the development of these technologies
Demonstrates coherence and logical progression of ideas and includes
correct use of scientific principles
Demonstrates a sound knowledge of gene cascades and gene cloning
Demonstrates a sound knowledge of applications of these technologies
Provides some judgement about how this understanding has affected the 45
development of these technologies
Communicates some scientific principles and ideas in a clear manner
Demonstrates a basic understanding of gene cascades, gene cloning and/or
their associated technologies or provides some judgement about how an
understanding of these has affected the development of technologies 23
Communicates ideas in a simple fashion
Provides some relevant information 1

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 34(a)

Criteria Marks
Completes a table that clearly identifies the relevant features 3
Presents information in an organised manner to identify TWO features 2
Provides a table without relevant information OR identifies ONE feature 1

Question 34(b)

Criteria Marks
Diagrams anatomically correct
Labels appropriate parts correctly 4
Shows difference between feet
Diagrams anatomically correct
Labels some parts 3
Shows a difference between feet
Diagrams somewhat correct
2
Provides some correct labelling
Provides some relevant information 1

Question 34(c)(i)

Criteria Marks
Compares pattern of inheritance correctly 1

Question 34(c)(ii)

Criteria Marks
Provides a judgement
Clearly supports their judgement with comprehensive arguments 4
pertaining to both nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA
Provides a judgement
Supports their judgement with some arguments pertaining to both nuclear 3
DNA and mitochondrial DNA
Provides a judgement that is supported by a relevant argument
OR 2
Provides relevant arguments
Provides any relevant information 1

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 34(d)(i)

Criteria Marks
Provides appropriate reasons for both collection and presentation of data 34
Provides reasons for either data collection or presentation 2
Provides any relevant information 1

Question 34(d)(ii)

Criteria Marks
Correctly proposes the name and regional location of the hominin species 2
Correctly proposes a name or a region 1

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2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 34(e)

Criteria Marks
Provides a thorough comparison of the cultural development of humans
and primates
Proposes relevant directions in the future evolution of humans and
primates
67
Provides well supported judgement(s) about how the cultural development
of each could affect future evolution
Demonstrates coherence and logical progression of ideas and includes
correct use of scientific principles
Provides a sound comparison of the cultural development of humans and
primates
Provides some ideas on directions for the future evolution of humans and
primates 45
Provides some judgement about how the cultural development of each
could affect future evolution
Communicates some scientific principles and ideas in a clear manner
Describes the cultural development of humans or primates
Outlines the cultural development of humans and primates
AND/OR
23
Proposes some relevant directions for future evolution of humans and/or
primates and/or a judgement about this
Communicates ideas in a simple fashion
Provides some relevant information 1

Question 35(a)

Criteria Marks
Completes a table that clearly identifies the contributions 3
Presents information in an organised manner to identify TWO scientists
2
contributions
Provides table without relevant information OR identifies ONE scientists
1
contribution

17
2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 35(b)

Criteria Marks
Draws a flowchart that clearly shows the sequence of events in a named
4
radioactive tracer being used to show a relevant biochemical pathway
Draws a flowchart that shows some of the steps in the process
OR 3
Provides a complete flowchart but radioactive tracer is not named
Lists some of the steps in the process 2
Provides some relevant information 1

Question 35(c)(i)

Criteria Marks
Identifies both axes correctly 1

Question 35(c)(ii)

Criteria Marks
Outlines how and why chromatography and ONE other technology are
useful 4
Provides links to photosynthesis in non-green plants
Identifies how and why chromatography has been useful
Identifies another relevant technology 3
Attempts link to photosynthesis in plants
Identifies how or why a technology has been useful
Attempts to make link to photosynthesis in plants
2
OR
Outlines how and why a technology is useful
Provides any relevant information 1

18
2010 HSC Biology Marking Guidelines

Question 35(d)

Criteria Marks
Provides a judgement for each of the scientific observations conclusions
and clearly supports their judgements with arguments pertaining to both 56
light-dependent and light-independent pathways
Provides a judgement supported with some arguments pertaining to both
4
light-dependent and light-independent pathways
Provides some judgements that are supported and linked to two of the
3
observations
Provides a judgement that is supported by an argument
OR 2
Provides relevant arguments linked to an observation
Provides any relevant information 1

Question 35(e)

Criteria Marks
Demonstrates a thorough knowledge of photosynthesis
Demonstrates a thorough knowledge of associated technologies that can
be used to help with greenhouse gas issues
Provides well-supported judgement(s) about how understanding 67
photosynthesis could lead to the development of relevant technologies
Demonstrates coherence and logical progression of ideas and includes
correct use of scientific principles
Demonstrates a sound knowledge of photosynthesis
Demonstrates a sound knowledge of technologies that can be used to help
with greenhouse gas issues
45
Provides some judgement about how understanding photosynthesis could
lead to the development of relevant technologies
Communicates some scientific principles and ideas in a clear manner
Demonstrates a basic understanding of photosynthesis and/or relevant
technologies and/or provides a judgement about how this understanding
has affected the development of the technology 23
Communicates ideas in a simple fashion
Provides some relevant information 1

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Biology

2010 HSC Examination Mapping Grid

Question Marks Content Syllabus outcomes


Section I
Part A
1 1 9.3.1.2.2 H10
2 1 9.3.4.3.5 H1, H2, H9
3 1 9.4.4.2.1 H6
4 1 9.2.3.3.4 H6
5 1 9.3.3.2.5, 9.3.3.3.1 H9
6 1 9.2.1.2.5, 9.2.3.1 H6
7 1 9.4.3.2.1 H4, H1
8 1 9.2.3.2.5, 9.2.3.2.6 H6
9 1 9.2.1.3.1 H14.1a, H14.1b
10 1 9.2.2.2.4, 9.2.2.3.1, 9.2.1.2.2 H6, H14.1h
11 1 9.3.5.2.1 H4, H9
12 1 9.2.2.2.1 H6
13 1 9.3.4.2.1 H9, H12.3c, H14.2.b
14 1 9.3.2.3.1, 9.3.3.3.2 H9, H14.2.c, H14.1g
15 1 9.3.3.2.9 H7, H14.1d
16 1 9.3.4.3.3, 9.3.4.2 H9, H14.1g
17 1 9.4.3.2.2 H6
18 1 9.4.3.2.2 H6, H11.1d, H12.3c, H12.4b
19 1 9.4.3.3.2 H2
20 1 9.4.5.2.1, 9.4.5.2.2 H6, H13.1e
Section I
Part B
21 2 9.3.2.1, 9.3.2.3.2, 9.3.3.2.7, 9.3.2.2.3 H9, H13.1d
22(a) 3 9.4.3 H13.1f, H13.1g
22(b) 3 9.3.1.2.1, 9.4.3.3.2 H4, H7, H10, H14.1a, H14.1d
23(a) 2 9.3.2.3.3 H9
23(b) 5 9.3.5.3.2 H4, H7
24 5 9.2.2.3.3 H11.2a, H11.2b
25(a) 2 9.2.2.3.6 H11.3a-c
25(b) 3 9.2.2.2.6 H13.1e
H2, H3, H12.3c, H14.1a, H14.1f,
26 5 9.4.6.1, 9.4.6.2.1, 9.4.6.3.1
H14.1g
27(a) 2 9.4.7.2.1, 9.4.7.3.2 H4, H8
27(b) 1 9.4.7.3.3 H7, H8
28(a) 1 9.4.4.2.2 H6, H12.3c
28(b) 3 9.4.4.2.2, 9.4.4.2.3 H2, H6, H14.1f
28(c) 4 9.4.5.2.4 H6

1
2010 HSC Biology Mapping Grid

Question Marks Content Syllabus outcomes


29(a) 2 9.2.1.2.9 H12.3c
29(b) 5 9.2.1.2.9 H12.3b, H12.4d
30 7 9.3.1.2, 9.3.1.3.1, 9.3.1.3.2 H2, H4, H7, H10,
Section II
Question 31 Communication
31(a) 3 9.5.6.2.1 H6, H13, H16
31(b) 4 9.5.5.2.3 H6, H13.1e
31(c)(i) 1 9.5.4.2.2 H6, H12.3c
31(c)(ii) 2 9.5.4.2.2 H6, H12.3c
31(c)(iii) 2 9.5.4.2.3 H6
31(d)(i) 4 9.5.7.3.2, 9.5.7.3.3 H6, H14.1d, H14.1g, H14.1h
31(d)(ii) 2 9.5.7.2.5 H6, H14.1d, H14.1h
31(e) 7 9.5.1, 9.5.3.2.6, 9.5.6.2.6, 9.5.7.2.5 H3, H4, H6, H14.3b
Section II
Question 32 Biotechnology
32(a) 3 9.6.3.3.1 H6, H13.1b
32(b) 4 9.6.5.3.2, 9.6.5.2.1, 9.6.5.2.2 H6, H13.1e
32(c)(i) 1 9.6.1.2.2, 9.6.1.2.3 H4, H7, H12.3c
32(c)(ii) 4 9.6.1.2.2, 9.6.1.2.3 H4, H12.3c, H10
32(d)(i) 2 9.6.4.1 H6
32(d)(ii) 4 9.6.6.2.2, 9.6.4.2.1 H3, H6
32(e) 7 9.6.7.1, 9.6.7.3.1, 9.6.7.2.2 H4, H14.3b
Section II

Question 33 Genetics: The Code Broken?

33(a) 3 9.7.6.2.1 H6, H9, H13.1b


33(b) 4 9.7.3.2.1 H9, H13.1e
33(c)(i) 1 9.7.3.2.3 H9
33(c)(ii) 4 9.7.3.2.3, 9.7.3.2.2 H9, H13.1e, H14.1c, H14.1f, H14.3b
33(d)(i) 3 9.7.3.2.4 H9, H12.2a
33(d)(ii) 3 9.7.4.3.1 H3, H9
33(e) 7 9.7.8.2.2, 9.7.8.2.3 H3, H4, H5, H14.3b
Section II
Question 34 The Human Story
34(a) 3 9.8.1.3.1 H10, H13.1b
34(b) 4 9.8.1.2.5 H13.1b
34(c)(i) 1 9.8.2.2.6, 9.8.2.3.3 H9, H12.3c
34(c)(ii) 4 9.8.2.2.6, 9.8.2.3.3 H1, H9, H12.3c
34(d)(i) 4 9.8.1.3.3, 9.8.3.2.1 H12.4d, H14, H14.1d
34(d)(ii) 2 9.8.3.2.1, 9.8.3.2.2 H10, H12.3c
34(e) 7 9.8.2.1, 9.8.5.1, 9.8.6.1, 9.8.4.1 H1, H3, H4, H10
Section II
Question 35 Biochemistry
35(a) 3 9.9.2.2.1 H6, H13.1b

2
2010 HSC Biology Mapping Grid

Question Marks Content Syllabus outcomes


35(b) 4 9.9.5 H6, H13.1b
35(c)(i) 1 9.9.3.3.4 H6, H12.3c
35(c)(ii) 4 9.9.3 H1, H6
35(c)(iii) 1 9.9.3.3.4 H1, H6
H1, H2, H6, H12.3a, H12.3c,
9.9.2.1, 9.9.2.2.1, 9.9.2.2.3, 9.9.2.3.3,
35(d) 6 H12.3d, H14.1a, H14.1b, H14.1c,
9.9.5.2.4, 9.9.6.2.3
H14.3c, H14.3d
35(e) 7 9.9.1.1, 9.9.1.2.1 H3, H4

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