Crystallize R
Crystallize R
Crystallize R
TYPES OF CRYSTALLIZERS
This type of equipment is by far the most important in use today. It is also sometimes
called the circulating magma crystallizer. In most commercial equipment of this type,
the uniformity of suspension of product solids within the crystallizer body is sufficient for
the theory (the Randolph Larson general population balance) to apply.
The primary reason for this preference is that the heat transferred through the critical
supersaturating step is through a boiling liquid gas surface, avoiding the
troublesome solid deposits that can form on a metal heat transfer surface.
1. Materials of Construction
2. Method of supersaturation
3. Mode of operation
4. Solubility curve of solution
Crystallizer Design
Design Description
Design Selection
Since the solution is a mixture of water and sodium chloride wherein the solubility
temperature variation is small, it can be separated by evaporative crystallization
(Tavare, N.S.,1994). The crystal size is not controlled, which best suit for the force
circulation evaporative crystallizer. The material of construction used is 316 L stainless
steel which is best suited for sodium chloride.
Design Considerations
1. Height of the vapor space is 0.75 times the diameter of the evaporator body
(Tavare, N. S.)
Parts of Crystallizer
Design Requirements
Design Calculations
Mass Balance
=+
( ) ( ) (20 /)(1.3 3 )
= = = 104 /
0.250 /3
20 /
= = = = 74 /
0.27 /
= = + = 104 + 74 = 178 /
Energy input requirement
= ( ) +
= (178 ) (3290 ) (55 20) + 74 /(2400000 )
= 1.98 = 55000
Circulation rate (temperature rise = 4oC)
1.98 /
= =
1300 /3 (2.7 )(4)
= 14100 3 /
Crystallizer Geometry
=
0.68 0.68 (74 ) (1000)
=
( )0.5 0.5
(0.0687 3 ) (3600)
= 7.3
= = 0.75
5 106 (0.0023 )
= =
1300 /3 (7.3 )
= 1.21 /
3
4 4(14100 )
= =
2
2(1.21 )(3600 )
= 1.43
= 2 = 2(1.43 )
= 1.69
= 55 + 2 + 4 = 61
= = 20.86 10
= 10.86
10.86
=
1.300 /3 (9.8067 / 2 )
= 0.85
0 =
200 3 (0.250 3 )
0 = =
20
0 = 2.5
61 57
= =
66 57
ln ln 66 61
= 8.5
55000
= =
(2 ) (8.5 )
2
= 3235 2
Design Specifications
CRYSTALLIZER
Identification
Number of Unit 1
Material Handled Sodium chloride solution
Residence Time 2.5 hours
Materials of Construction 316L Stainless Steel
Design Data
Energy input 73 756.215 hp
Circulation rate 14 100 m3/hour
Diameter of the vessel body 7.3 m
Crystallizer inlet diameter 1.43 m
Crystallizer outlet diameter 1.69 m
Inlet temperature 61oC
Height of cylinder 8.25 m
Volume of Crystallizer 200 m3
Heat Transfer Area 3235 m3
Auxiliary Parts
Heat exchanger, Condenser
References: