AD590
AD590
AD590
Temperature Transducer
Data Sheet AD590
FEATURES PIN CONFIGURATIONS
Linear current output: 1 A/K
Wide temperature range: 55C to +150C V+ 1 4 NC
Probe-compatible ceramic sensor package AD590
TOP VIEW
2-terminal device: voltage in/current out (Not to Scale)
Laser trimmed to 0.5C calibration accuracy (AD590M) V 2
PIN 5 (EXPOSED PAD)
3 NC
Excellent linearity: 0.3C over full range (AD590M)
Wide power supply range: 4 V to 30 V
NOTES
Sensor isolation from case 1. NC = NO CONNECT. THE NC PIN IS NOT
00533-104
Available in 2-lead FLATPACK, 4-lead LFCSP, 3-pin TO-52, BONDED TO THE DIE INTERNALLY.
00533-024
2. TO ENSURE CORRECT OPERATION, THE
8-lead SOIC, and die form EXPOSED PAD (EP) SHOULD BE LEFT FLOATING.
+
GENERAL DESCRIPTION Figure 1. 2-Lead Figure 2. 4-Lead LFCSP
FLATPACK
The AD590 is a 2-terminal integrated circuit temperature trans-
ducer that produces an output current proportional to absolute
NC 1 8 NC
temperature. For supply voltages between 4 V and 30 V, the device
V+ 2 TOP VIEW NC
7
acts as a high impedance, constant current regulator passing V 3 (Not to Scale) 6 NC
+
1 A/K. Laser trimming of the chips thin-film resistors is used NC 4 5 NC
00533-025
00533-001
to calibrate the device to 298.2 A output at 298.2 K (25C).
NC = NO CONNECT
The AD590 should be used in any temperature-sensing
application below 150C in which conventional electrical Figure 3. 3-Pin TO-52 Figure 4. 8-Lead SOIC
temperature sensors are currently employed. The inherent
low cost of a monolithic integrated circuit combined with the
PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS
elimination of support circuitry makes the AD590 an attractive
alternative for many temperature measurement situations. 1. The AD590 is a calibrated, 2-terminal temperature sensor
Linearization circuitry, precision voltage amplifiers, resistance requiring only a dc voltage supply (4 V to 30 V). Costly
measuring circuitry, and cold junction compensation are not transmitters, filters, lead wire compensation, and lineari-
needed in applying the AD590. zation circuits are all unnecessary in applying the device.
In addition to temperature measurement, applications include 2. State-of-the-art laser trimming at the wafer level in
temperature compensation or correction of discrete components, conjunction with extensive final testing ensures that
biasing proportional to absolute temperature, flow rate measure- AD590 units are easily interchangeable.
ment, level detection of fluids and anemometry. The AD590 is 3. Superior interface rejection occurs because the output is a
available in die form, making it suitable for hybrid circuits and current rather than a voltage. In addition, power
fast temperature measurements in protected environments. requirements are low (1.5 mW @ 5 V @ 25C). These
The AD590 is particularly useful in remote sensing applications. features make the AD590 easy to apply as a remote sensor.
The device is insensitive to voltage drops over long lines due to 4. The high output impedance (>10 M) provides excellent
its high impedance current output. Any well-insulated twisted rejection of supply voltage drift. For instance, changing the
pair is sufficient for operation at hundreds of feet from the power supply from 5 V to 10 V results in only a 1 A
receiving circuitry. The output characteristics also make the maximum current change, or 1C equivalent error.
AD590 easy to multiplex: the current can be switched by a 5. The AD590 is electrically durable: it withstands a forward
CMOS multiplexer, or the supply voltage can be switched by a voltage of up to 44 V and a reverse voltage of 20 V.
logic gate output. Therefore, supply irregularities or pin reversal does not
damage the device.
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AD590 Data Sheet
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features .....................................................................................1 Explanation of Temperature Sensor Specifications ................ 7
General Description ..................................................................1 Calibration Error ................................................................... 7
Pin Configurations ....................................................................1 Error vs. Temperature: Calibration Error Trimmed Out........ 7
Product Highlights ....................................................................1 Error vs. Temperature: No User Trims................................... 7
Revision History ........................................................................2 Nonlinearity .......................................................................... 8
Specifications.............................................................................3 Voltage and Thermal Environment Effects............................ 8
AD590J and AD590K Specifications......................................3 General Applications............................................................... 10
AD590L and AD590M Specifications ....................................4 Outline Dimensions ................................................................ 13
Absolute Maximum Ratings ......................................................5 Ordering Guide ................................................................... 15
ESD Caution ..........................................................................5
Product Description ..................................................................6
REVISION HISTORY
1/13Rev. F to Rev. G Deleted Figure 22; Renumbered Sequentially.......................... 11
Changes to Endnote 2, Table 1...................................................3 Changes to Figure 21 and Figure 22 ........................................ 11
Changes to Ordering Guide .....................................................15 Deleted Figure 24 .................................................................... 12
Changes to Figure 24............................................................... 12
11/12Rev. E to Rev. F
Updated Outline Dimensions Section ..................................... 14
Added 4-Lead LFCSP_WD ......................................... Universal
Changes to Ordering Guide..................................................... 14
Changes to Features Section, General Description Section, and
Product Highlights Section........................................................1 9/09Rev. D to Rev. E
Added Figure 2; Renumbered Sequentially................................1 Changes to Product Description Section................................... 6
Added Note 2, Table 1; Renumbered Sequentially .....................3 Updated Outline Dimensions.................................................. 13
Changes to (Unbolded) For 8-Lead SOIC Package, AD590J and Changes to Ordering Guide..................................................... 14
AD590K Parameter, Table 1.......................................................3 1/06Rev. C to Rev. D
Changes to Note 1, Table 3.........................................................5 Updated Format ...........................................................Universal
Changes to Product Description Section ...................................6 Changes to Figure 4 Equation.................................................... 4
Change to Figure 6.....................................................................6
9/03Rev. B to Rev. C
Changes to Explanation of Temperature Sensor Specifications
Added SOIC-8 Package ................................................Universal
Section.......................................................................................7
Change to Figure 1 .................................................................... 1
Moved Nonlinearity Section......................................................8
Updated Outline Dimensions.................................................. 13
Change to Figure 13...................................................................8
Added Ordering Guide............................................................ 14
Changes to General Applications Section ................................10
Changes to Figure 17 and Figure 19.........................................10
Rev. G | Page 2 of 16
Data Sheet AD590
SPECIFICATIONS
AD590J AND AD590K SPECIFICATIONS
25C and VS = 5 V, unless otherwise noted. 1
Table 1.
AD590J 2 AD590K
Parameter Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
POWER SUPPLY
Operating Voltage Range 4 30 4 30 V
OUTPUT
Nominal Current Output @ 25C (298.2 K) 298.2 298.2 A
Nominal Temperature Coefficient 1 1 A/K
Calibration Error @ 25C 5.0 2.5 C
Absolute Error (Over Rated Performance Temperature Range)
Without External Calibration Adjustment 10 5.5 C
With 25C Calibration Error Set to Zero 3.0 2.0 C
Nonlinearity
For TO-52 and FLATPACK Packages 1.5 0.8 C
For 8-Lead SOIC Package 1.5 1.0 C
For 4-Lead LFCSP Package 1.5 C
Repeatability 3 0.1 0.1 C
Long-Term Drift 4 0.1 0.1 C
Current Noise 40 40 pA/Hz
Power Supply Rejection
4 V VS 5 V 0.5 0.5 A/V
5 V VS 15 V 0.2 0.2 V/V
15 V VS 30 V 0.1 0.1 A/V
Case Isolation to Either Lead 1010 1010
Effective Shunt Capacitance 100 100 pF
Electrical Turn-On Time 20 20 s
Reverse Bias Leakage Current (Reverse Voltage = 10 V) 5 10 10 pA
1 Specifications shown in boldface are tested on all production units at final electrical test. Results from those tests are used to calculate outgoing quality levels. All
minimum and maximum specifications are guaranteed, although only those shown in boldface are tested on all production units.
2
The LFCSP package has a reduced operating temperature range of 40C to +125C.
3 Maximum deviation between +25C readings after temperature cycling between 55C and +150C; guaranteed, not tested.
4 Conditions: constant 5 V, constant 125C; guaranteed, not tested.
5 Leakage current doubles every 10C.
Rev. G | Page 3 of 16
AD590 Data Sheet
AD590L AND AD590M SPECIFICATIONS
25C and VS = 5 V, unless otherwise noted.1
Table 2.
AD590L AD590M
Parameter Min Typ Max Min Typ Max Unit
POWER SUPPLY
Operating Voltage Range 4 30 4 30 V
OUTPUT
Nominal Current Output @ 25C (298.2 K) 298.2 298.2 A
Nominal Temperature Coefficient 1 1 A/K
Calibration Error @ 25C 1.0 0.5 C
Absolute Error (Over Rated Performance Temperature Range) C
Without External Calibration Adjustment 3.0 1.7 C
With 25C Calibration Error Set to Zero 1.6 1.0 C
Nonlinearity 0.4 0.3 C
Repeatability2 0.1 0.1 C
Long-Term Drift3 0.1 0.1 C
Current Noise 40 40 pA/Hz
Power Supply Rejection
4 V VS 5 V 0.5 0.5 A/V
5 V VS 15 V 0.2 0.2 A/V
15 V VS 30 V 0.1 0.1 A/V
Case Isolation to Either Lead 1010 1010
Effective Shunt Capacitance 100 100 pF
Electrical Turn-On Time 20 20 s
Reverse Bias Leakage Current (Reverse Voltage = 10 V)4 10 10 pA
1
Specifications shown in boldface are tested on all production units at final electrical test. Results from those tests are used to calculate outgoing quality levels. All
minimum and maximum specifications are guaranteed, although only those shown in boldface are tested on all production units.
2
Maximum deviation between +25C readings after temperature cycling between 55C and +150C; guaranteed, not tested.
3
Conditions: constant 5 V, constant 125C; guaranteed, not tested.
4
Leakage current doubles every 10C.
C F 32 K C 273.15
5
9
F C 32 R F 459.7
9
5
Figure 5. Temperature Scale Conversion Equations
Rev. G | Page 4 of 16
Data Sheet AD590
Rev. G | Page 5 of 16
AD590 Data Sheet
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
The AD590 is a 2-terminal temperature-to-voltage transducer. It Figure 8 shows the typical VI characteristic of the circuit at
is available in a variety of accuracy grades and packages. When 25C and the temperature extremes.
using the AD590 in die form, the chip substrate must be kept +
electrically isolated (floating) for correct circuit operation. R1 R2
1725M 260 1040
Q2 Q5 Q3
Q1 Q4
C1
Q6 26pF
V
1090M Q7 Q12 Q8
R4
V+ CHIP
11k
00533-003
SUBSTRATE R3
5k
00533-004
R6
146
transistors from which it is made to realize its temperature 820
298
In the AD590, this PTAT voltage is converted to a PTAT current
55C
by low temperature coefficient thin-film resistors. The total 218
00533-005
PTAT voltage. R5 and R6 convert the voltage to current. Q10,
whose collector current tracks the collector currents in Q9 and 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 30
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
Q11, supplies all the bias and substrate leakage current for the
Figure 8. VI Plot
rest of the circuit, forcing the total current to be PTAT. R5 and
R6 are laser-trimmed on the wafer to calibrate the device at 25C.
Rev. G | Page 6 of 16
Data Sheet AD590
EXPLANATION OF TEMPERATURE SENSOR temperature range. In most applications, there is a current-to-
SPECIFICATIONS voltage conversion resistor (or, as with a current input ADC, a
reference) that can be trimmed for scale factor adjustment.
The way in which the AD590 is specified makes it easy to apply
5V +
it in a wide variety of applications. It is important to understand +
the meaning of the various specifications and the effects of the AD590
supply voltage and thermal environment on accuracy. +
R
The AD590 is a PTAT current regulator. (Note that T (C) = 100
VT = 1mV/K
00533-007
T (K) 273.2. Zero on the Kelvin scale is absolute zero; there is 950
no lower temperature.) That is, the output current is equal to a
scale factor times the temperature of the sensor in degrees Figure 10. One Temperature Trim
Kelvin. This scale factor is trimmed to 1 A/K at the factory, by
ERROR VS. TEMPERATURE: CALIBRATION ERROR
adjusting the indicated temperature (that is, the output current)
TRIMMED OUT
to agree with the actual temperature. This is done with 5 V
across the device at a temperature within a few degrees of 25C Each AD590 is tested for error over the temperature range with
(298.2 K). The device is then packaged and tested for accuracy the calibration error trimmed out. This specification could also
over temperature. be called the variance from PTAT, because it is the maximum
difference between the actual current over temperature and a
CALIBRATION ERROR PTAT multiplication of the actual current at 25C. This error
At final factory test, the difference between the indicated consists of a slope error and some curvature, mostly at the
temperature and the actual temperature is called the calibration temperature extremes. Figure 11 shows a typical AD590K
error. Since this is a scale factory error, its contribution to the temperature curve before and after calibration error trimming.
total error of the device is PTAT. For example, the effect of the
1C specified maximum error of the AD590L varies from 0.73C
at 55C to 1.42C at 150C. Figure 9 shows how an exaggerated 2
BEFORE
calibration error would vary from the ideal over temperature. CALIBRATION
ABSOLUTE ERROR (C)
TRIM
CALIBRATION
ERROR
ACTUAL
TRANSFER
FUNCTION 0
AFTER
IACTUAL
IOUT (A)
CALIBRATION
CALIBRATION IDEAL TRIM
ERROR TRANSFER
FUNCTION
00533-008
298.2
2
55 150
TEMPERATURE (C)
Rev. G | Page 7 of 16
AD590 Data Sheet
NONLINEARITY
Nonlinearity as it applies to the AD590 is the maximum 2
deviation of current over temperature from a best-fit straight
line. The nonlinearity of the AD590 over the 55C to +150C
TEMPERATURE (C)
range is superior to all conventional electrical temperature
sensors such as thermocouples, RTDs, and thermistors. Figure 12
shows the nonlinearity of the typical AD590K from Figure 11. 0
1.6
00533-011
ABSOLUTE ERROR (C)
0.8
2
55 0 100 150
0.8C MAX TEMPERATURE (C)
0.8C
MAX
0.8C
MAX
VOLTAGE AND THERMAL ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS
0.8 The power supply rejection specifications show the maximum
expected change in output current vs. input voltage changes.
00533-009
Rev. G | Page 8 of 16
Data Sheet AD590
As an example, for the TO-52 package, JC is the thermal The time response of the AD590 to a step change in
resistance between the chip and the case, about 26C/W. CA is temperature is determined by the thermal resistances and the
the thermal resistance between the case and the surroundings thermal capacities of the chip, CCH, and the case, CC. CCH is
and is determined by the characteristics of the thermal about 0.04 Ws/C for the AD590. CC varies with the measured
connection. Power source P represents the power dissipated medium, because it includes anything that is in direct thermal
on the chip. The rise of the junction temperature, TJ, above the contact with the case. The single time constant exponential
ambient temperature, TA, is curve of Figure 16 is usually sufficient to describe the time
TJ TA = P(JC + CA) (1) response, T (t). Table 4 shows the effective time constant, , for
several media.
Table 4 gives the sum of JC and CA for several common
thermal media for both the H and F packages. The heat sink
TFINAL
used was a common clip-on. Using Equation 1, the temperature
rise of an AD590 H package in a stirred bath at 25C, when
SENSED TEMPERATURE
driven with a 5 V supply, is 0.06C. However, for the same
conditions in still air, the temperature rise is 0.72C. For a given
supply voltage, the temperature rise varies with the current and
is PTAT. Therefore, if an application circuit is trimmed with the T(t) = TINITIAL + (TFINAL TINITIAL) (1 et/)
00533-013
Table 4. Thermal Resistance
TINITIAL
JC + CA 4
1
(C/Watt) (sec) TIME
Rev. G | Page 9 of 16
AD590 Data Sheet
GENERAL APPLICATIONS
Figure 17 shows a typical use of the AD590 in a remote V+
00533-016
+ V
AD590 IT
7V Figure 19. Differential Measurements
Figure 20 is an example of a cold junction compensation circuit
for a Type J thermocouple using the AD590 to monitor the
IT IT reference junction temperature. This circuit replaces an ice-bath
as the thermocouple reference for ambient temperatures
1k between 15C and 35C. The circuit is calibrated by adjusting RT
0.1% LOW
TCR RESISTOR for a proper meter reading with the measuring junction at a
1mV/k
known reference temperature and the circuit near 25C. Using
components with the TCs as specified in Figure 20, compensation
00533-014
RT
1k
00533-017
Figure 18. Series and Parallel Connection RESISTORS ARE 1%, 50ppm/C
The circuit in Figure 19 demonstrates one method by which Figure 20. Cold Junction Compensation Circuit for Type J Thermocouple
differential temperature measurements can be made. R1 and R2
can be used to trim the output of the op amp to indicate a
desired temperature difference. For example, the inherent offset
between the two devices can be trimmed in. If V+ and V are
radically different, then the difference in internal dissipation
causes a differential internal temperature rise. This effect can be
used to measure the ambient thermal resistance seen by the
sensors in applications such as fluid-level detectors or anemometry.
Rev. G | Page 10 of 16
Data Sheet AD590
Figure 21 is an example of a current transmitter designed to be V+
00533-019
V+
GND
V 5V
00533-021
Figure 23. AD590 Driven from CMOS Logic
Rev. G | Page 11 of 16
AD590 Data Sheet
Figure 24 demonstrates a method of multiplexing the AD590 in temperature range of 55C to +125C. The high temperature
the 2-trim mode (see Figure 13 and Figure 14). Additional restriction of 125C is due to the output range of the op amps;
AD590s and their associated resistors can be added to multiplex output to 150C can be achieved by using a 20 V supply for the
up to eight channels of 0.5C absolute accuracy over the op amp.
2k 5k
+15V 35.7k 97.6k
+ 2k 5k
35.7k 97.6k
AD581
VOUT
V+
S1
OP177
10mV/C
S2
DECODER/
DRIVER 15V
27k
S8
AD7501
+15V
TTL/DTL TO CMOS
15V INTERFACE
+ + EN
AD590L AD590L BINARY
CHANNEL
SELECT
00533-023
5V TO 15V
Rev. G | Page 12 of 16
Data Sheet AD590
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
0.030 (0.76)
TYP
0.019 (0.48) POSITIVE LEAD
INDICATOR
0.017 (0.43)
0.015 (0.38)
0.093 (2.36)
0.081 (2.06)
0.055 (1.40)
0.050 (1.27)
0.045 (1.14)
0.500 (12.69) 0.210 (5.34)
MIN 0.200 (5.08)
0.190 (4.83)
0.240 (6.10)
0.230 (5.84)
0.220 (5.59)
0.0065 (0.17) 0.050 (1.27)
0.0050 (0.13) 0.041 (1.04)
0.0045 (0.12)
0.015 (0.38)
TYP
0.500 (12.70)
MIN
0.150 (3.81)
0.115 (2.92) 0.250 (6.35) MIN
0.050 (1.27) T.P.
0.050 (1.27) MAX
0.048 (1.22)
3
0.195 (4.95)
0.178 (4.52)
0.230 (5.84)
0.209 (5.31)
Rev. G | Page 13 of 16
AD590 Data Sheet
5.00 (0.1968)
4.80 (0.1890)
8 5
4.00 (0.1574) 6.20 (0.2441)
3.80 (0.1497) 1 5.80 (0.2284)
4
012407-A
(IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR
REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN.
1.65
2.10 1.55
2.00 1.45
1.90 0.80 REF
3 4 0.20 MIN
0.25
Rev. G | Page 14 of 16
Data Sheet AD590
ORDERING GUIDE
Model 1, 2 Temperature Range Package Description Package Option Branding
AD590JF 55C to +150C 2-Lead FLATPACK F-2
AD590JH 55C to +150C 3-Pin TO-52 H-03-1
AD590JR 55C to +150C 8-Lead SOIC_N R-8
AD590JRZ 55C to +150C 8-Lead SOIC_N R-8
AD590KF 55C to +150C 2-Lead FLATPACK F-2
AD590KH 55C to +150C 3-Pin TO-52 H-03-1
AD590KR 55C to +150C 8-Lead SOIC_N R-8
AD590KR-REEL 55C to +150C 8-Lead SOIC_N R-8
AD590KRZ 55C to +150C 8-Lead SOIC_N R-8
AD590KRZ-RL 55C to +150C 8-Lead SOIC_N R-8
AD590LF 55C to +150C 2-Lead FLATPACK F-2
AD590LH 55C to +150C 3-Pin TO-52 H-03-1
AD590MF 55C to +150C 2-Lead FLATPACK F-2
AD590MH 55C to +150C 3-Pin TO-52 H-03-1
AD590JCHIPS 55C to +150C Bare Die H-03-1
AD590JCPZ-R5 40C to +125C 4-Lead LFCSP_WD CP-4-1 7A
AD590JCPZ-RL7 40C to +125C 4-Lead LFCSP_WD CP-4-1 7A
1
Z = RoHS Compliant Part.
2 The AD590xF models and the AD590xH models are available in 883B.
Rev. G | Page 15 of 16
AD590 Data Sheet
NOTES
Rev. G | Page 16 of 16