List of Oxidation States of The Elements PDF
List of Oxidation States of The Elements PDF
List of Oxidation States of The Elements PDF
1 H +1
He
Li +1
Be +2
1 B +1 +2 +3 [2]
4 3 2 1 C +1 +2 +3 +4
3 2 1 N +1 +2 +3 +4 +5
2 1 O +1 +2
1 F
Ne
1 Na +1
Mg +1 +2 [3]
Al +1 +3
4 3 2 1 Si +1 +2 +3 +4
3 2 1 P +1 +2 +3 +4 +5
2 1 S +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6
1 Cl +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7
Ar
1 K +1
Ca +2
Sc +1 +2 +3
1 Ti +2 +3 +4
1 V +1 +2 +3 +4 +5
2 1 Cr +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6
3 2 1 Mn +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7
2 1 Fe +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6
1 Co +1 +2 +3 +4 +5
1 Ni +1 +2 +3 +4
Cu +1 +2 +3 +4
Zn +2
Ga +1 +2 +3
4 Ge +1 +2 +3 +4
3 As +2 +3 +5
List of oxidation states of the elements 2
2 Se +2 +4 +6
1 Br +1 +3 +4 +5 +7
Kr +2
Rb +1
Sr +2
Y +1 +2 +3 [4] [5]
Zr +1 +2 +3 +4
1 Nb +2 +3 +4 +5
2 1 Mo +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6
3 1 Tc +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7
2 Ru +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8
1 Rh +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6
Pd +2 +4
Ag +1 +2 +3
Cd +2
In +1 +2 +3
4 Sn +2 +4
3 Sb +3 +5
2 Te +2 +4 +5 +6
1 I +1 +3 +5 +7
Xe +2 +4 +6 +8
Cs +1
Ba +2
La +2 +3
Ce +2 +3 +4
Pr +2 +3 +4
Nd +2 +3
Pm +3
Sm +2 +3
Eu +2 +3
Gd +1 +2 +3
Tb +1 +3 +4
Dy +2 +3
Ho +3
Er +3
Tm +2 +3
Yb +2 +3
Lu +3
Hf +2 +3 +4
List of oxidation states of the elements 3
1 Ta +2 +3 +4 +5
2 1 W +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6
3 1 Re +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7
2 1 Os +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8
3 1 Ir +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 [6]
Pt +2 +4 +5 +6
1 Au +1 +2 +3 +5
Hg +1 +2 +4 [7]
Tl +1 +3
4 Pb +2 +4
3 Bi +3 +5
2 Po +2 +4 +6
1 At +1 +3 +5
Rn +2 [8]
Fr +1
Ra +2
Ac +3
Th +2 +3 +4
Pa +3 +4 +5
U +3 +4 +5 +6
Np +3 +4 +5 +6 +7
Pu +3 +4 +5 +6 +7
Am +2 +3 +4 +5 +6
Cm +3 +4
Bk +3 +4
Cf +2 +3 +4
Es +2 +3
Fm +2 +3
Md +2 +3
No +2 +3
Lr +3
Rf +4
A figure with a similar format (shown below) was used by Irving Langmuir in 1919 in one of the early papers about
the octet rule.[9] The periodicity of the oxidation states was one of the pieces of evidence that led Langmuir to adopt
the rule.
List of oxidation states of the elements 4
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