GAS, GAS DATA QC & APLICATION

By:
Mohammad Zulfikar Simatupang (051535)
(Sept 11th,2008)
Digitally signed by
Mohammad Zulfikar

Mohammad Simatupang
DN: cn=Mohammad

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

Zulfikar

Zulfikar Simatupang,
o=ADMA-OPCO,
ou=RTD, c=AE
Date: 2008.09.11

Simatupang
(051535)
05:54:26 Z
Signature
Not
Verified
Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang
(051535)
GAS DATA
• Liberated gas : the gas
originally contained in the
pore spaces of the rock
crushed by the drill bit
• Produced gas : gas obtained
from the undrilled part of the
formation, due to drilling fluid
pressure lower than
formation fluid pressure.

• Recycled gas : gas that

remains entrained in the
mud and is recirculated
down hole.
• Background gas : a minimum
gas level, more or less
constant, derived from a
combination of liberated,
recycled and contamination
gases
• Contaminated gas : any gas
found in the bore hole that
derives from a source other
than the formation, due per
example to mud additives.
Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang
(051535)
 LAG TIME
LAG TIME PROBLEM
Lag time observed > lag time theoritical

“The correct calculation of lag time will gives a correct

depth on which depth are the data coming from, then
making a lag time check is so important.”

“Cuttings arrive «late» regarding to

ROP, Hole enlargement=>Caving,
Washout, reducing hole cleaning
effeciency.”

Lag time observed < lag time theoritical

BUT, IT MAY ALSO BE DUE TO:

Cuttings arrive «early» regarding to - Wrong Pump efficiency (Toolpusher data) and/or false
ROP,Tight Hole=> STICKY HOLE Shale adjustment (Data Engineer)
hydration (Monmorillonite), ... - Incomplete or erroneous pipes dimensions (OD & ID) and
volumes, ...

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
Gas Data Interpretation
SURFACE LOSSES OF GAS
Misrepresentation of gas composition due
to differential loss
LOSSES FROM BELL NIPPLE

FLOWLINE NOT FULL

TURBULENCE

OPEN FLOW LINE

ENTRY ABOVE MUD LEVEL

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
 GAS CHAIN

Chromatography Fréquency of analysis 1 to 5 min

Gas trap
Air inlet
Analysis C1- C5

Mud
Gas
Q = 1.5 l/min
Total Gas
Q = 0.5 l/min

Continuous analysis

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
 GAS DATA QC
Graphs :
- TG vs. depth Tool specifications
- C1/C2 vs. depth

Tool calibration:
- Graph TG / Σ (C1 à C5) vs. depth
- Graph TG / Σ (C1 à C5)cor vs. depth
with
Σ (C1 à C5)cor = C1+2*C2+3*C3+4*(iC4+nC4)+5*(iC5+nC5)

TG / Σ (C1 à C5)cor = 1 +/- 20%

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang
(051535)
SPERRY SUN TECHNICAL
SPECIFICATION

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
GAS CHAIN: CYLINDRICAL GAS TRAP

GAS CHAIN:
GAS ANALYZERS
- TG: Baseline 1015A
- Chromatograph: Baseline 1030A
GAS TRAP: Cylindrical Gas Trap
GAS LINE:
No data available

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
GAS CHAIN: FLOATING GAS TRAP

GAS CHAIN “
GAS ANALYZERS
- TG: Baseline 8800
- Chromatograph: Baseline 8900
GAS TRAP: Floating Gas Trap
GAS LINE:
• Coating : Reinforced plastic
• Internal diameter : ¼”
• Gas/Air flow rate : controllable 0 – 10 l/mn
• Maxi length : > 500 m
• Pressure: controllable > 150 mbar
• Drying agent:: Genie filter
• Transit time :

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
GAS ANALYZER: “FID Total Gas Detector BASELMINE 1015A“
“FID Total Gas Detector BASELMINE 1015A“
Detection Type: Gas Flame Ionization Detector
It is a THA (Total Hydrocarbon Analyser).

Calibration Method
“Sperry Sun General Gas Detectors
Specifications”, suggest to calibrate the
gas detector using at least 2 points with
known gas concentration canister

Tool Check: Good response in all the different conditions.

Excellent reading linearity at different C1/C2 and C1/C3 ratios.
Slight underestimation at low concentration both for C2 and C3 measurements.
Slight overestimation at high concentration (C1 equal or more than 25%) only for C2 measurement.
Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang
(051535)
The errors remain anyway in a range of +/– 10%.
GAS ANALYZER: FID Chromatograph BASELINE 1030A”

Calibration Method
Single point calibration is performed using a
compressed gas cylinder at the following nominal
concentration:
C1, C2 & C3 = 1%
nC4, iC4 % nC5 = 0.25%, iC5 normally absent

The calibration data are automatically inserted in

the INSITE Computer system and a calibration
factor is derived using the area
under the curve (chromatogram) by a gas integrator
analysis software module.

A reduced cycle time of 75 sec for C1 to C4 can be

required.

Tool Check: Good response in all the different conditions.

Excellent reading linearity at different C1/C2 and C1/C3 ratios.
Slight underestimation at low concentration both for C2 and C3 measurements.
Slight overestimation at high concentration (C1 equal or more than 25%) only for C2 measurement.
Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang
(051535)
The errors remain anyway in a range of +/– 10%.
 GAS ANALYZER: DUAL CHANNEL HNU 301

“FID Total Gas Detector HNU 301” FID Chromatograph HNU 301”

Detection Type: Gas Flame Detection Type: Gas Flame

Ionization Detector Ionization Detector

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
 GAS ANALYZER: DUAL CHANNEL GC MINI 2
“FID Total Gas Detector FID Chromatograph
SHIMADZU GC Mini 2” SHIMADZU GC Mini 2”

Detection Type: Gas Flame Detection Type: Gas Flame

Ionization Detector Ionization Detector

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
 GAS ANALYZER: BASELINE 8800 - 8900
“FID Total Gas Detector FID Chromatograph
BASELMINE 8800“ BASELINE 8900”

Calibration Method
One concentration (10% C1) Calibration Method
5 different concentrations
Comments
Temperature range 0 – 200°C
TOOL CHECK:Quite good response at different concentrations.
The main problem highlighted is the systematic underestimation of C2, especially at high C1/C2
ratios (difference between nominal and measured values around 20% at C1/C2 =180).
nC4 and iC5 show overestimation only at very low values (less than 100ppm), while nC5 show also
an underestimation (if compared to Mohammed
C1) at Zulfikar Simatupang
high values. (051535)
Sperry Sun Callibration
Mixture

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
 FIELD EXAMPLE
(US306 & US 307)

SPERRY SUN
MUDLOGGING CONTRACTOR

GAS DETECTOR TOOL BASELINE 8800 - 8900

TOOL SPECIFICATION

Chromatograph
C1 Saturation Limit = 1 000 000 ppm
C1/C2 Separation = 1500

Teperature range = 200 degC

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang
(051535)
CHROMATOGRAPHY CALIBRATIONS ON
WELL: US307
CONTRACTOR: SPERRY SUN
APPARATUS: FID

TO BE FILLED IN

CALIBRATION RESERVAL READINGS Difference % ERRORS

DATE GAS BOTTLE COMPOSITION OUT (ppm) OUT/REF
23/01/09 C1 10000 9963.66 -36.34 -0.4%
23/01/09 C2 10000 9073.54 -926.46 -9.3%
23/01/09 C3 10000 10702.6 702.6 7.0%
23/01/09 iC4 2500 2424.62 -75.38 -3.0%
23/01/09 nC4 2500 2424.62 -75.38 -3.0%
23/01/09 iC5 N/A Not tested
23/01/09 nC5 2500 2364.05 -135.95 -5.4%
16/02/08 C1 10000 11005.7 1005.7 10.1%
16/02/08 C2 10000 9474.36 -525.64 -5.3%
16/02/08 C3 10000 10106.4 106.4 1.1%
16/02/08 iC4 2500 2637.44 137.44 5.5%
16/02/08 nC4 2500 2498.67 -1.33 -0.1%
16/02/08 iC5 N/A Not tested
16/02/08 nC5 2500 2509.58 9.58 0.4%

Put the result in excell file to make the comparison easier

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang
(051535)
GAS DATA APLICATION

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
GAS RATIO ANALYSIS (GWD)

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
 Wetness Ratio(Wh)

Balance Ratio (Bh)

Character Ratio (Ch)

Taken from “Geosteering Horizontal wells using speed chromatographic gas ratio by D.P.Hawker,
Datalog, SPWLA Nov 23rd1999 Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang
(051535)
Taken from Advance logging procedures,BHI inteq, 1995.

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
 Mohammed
Taken from “Geosteering Horizontal wells using Zulfikar Simatupang
speed chromatographic gas ratio by D.P.Hawker, Datalog, SPWLA Nov
rd
23 1999 (051535)
 A:Slight increase in Wh, BH often
be greater then 100, Ch is very low

E: Ideally the Wh & Bh curve will

cross, with Wh=17.4 – 40, the
narroower the separation the
lighter the oil

Coal Horizon (rich of Methena &

ethane):Wh>17.5, Ch<0.5 and
High peak of Bh, check the cutting
to confirm,

F:Wh>40 and BH<Wh is often

associated with tars and
asphaltenes

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
GAS RATIO for
GEOSTEERING

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
 Mohammed
Taken from “Geosteering Horizontal wells using Zulfikar Simatupang
speed chromatographic gas ratio by D.P.Hawker, Datalog, SPWLA Nov
rd
23 1999 (051535)
 Mohammed
Taken from “Geosteering Horizontal wells using Zulfikar Simatupang
speed chromatographic gas ratio by D.P.Hawker, Datalog, SPWLA Nov
rd
23 1999 (051535)
RESERVOIR IDENTIFICATION

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)
 “To identified un expected high pressure reservoir on Kick well”

“The gas from the

connection and from
Reservoir we shut the well is the
same family from the
thin High pressure
reservoir”

PC

“?” “?”

Shut the Well

Taken from “ Mohammad Zulfikar Simatupang Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

presentation on 31/01/2005 in Indonesia.
“The fluid entered the hole when connection”
(051535)
 CONCLUSION
• Know the information on the gas detector
which the Mud logging company use.
• Cross check the reading vs calibration
mixture component

Mohammed Zulfikar Simatupang

(051535)