Guidance and Counseling Reviewer
Guidance and Counseling Reviewer
Guidance and Counseling Reviewer
Definition of Guidance:
1. To “guide” means to point out, to show the way or to direct.
2. But guidance is more than guiding and giving directions.
3. I tis an assistance made available by personally qualified and adequately trained men
or women to an individual of any age to help him manage his own life activities, develop his own
point of view, make his own decisions and carry his own burden.
2. DOWNING (1968) guidance is an organized set of specialized services established as an integral part of
the school environment designed to promote the development of the students.
4. CHRISHOLM (1951) believes that guidance seeks to help an individual become familiar with facts
about himself, his interests, abilities, previous development and plans.
6. TRAXLER (1954) guidance enables each individual to understand his abilities and his interests.
BASES OF GUIDANCE
Legal Bases of Guidance in the Philippines
The legal foundation of guidance in the Philippines has its own beginning in 1951 when the Joint
Congressional Committee on Education, in its report to Congress, stated that:
“There should be established in every secondary school a functional guidance and counseling program to
help the students, to guide them in their work in school and at home and to help them solve their
problems.”
To give more impact on the role of guidance in the Philippine educationa system, Section 4 of Batas
Pambansa Blg.232 or the Education Act of 1982 states that the educational system shall aim to:
“provide for a broad general education that will assist each individual, in the peculiar ecology of his own
society, to: a.) attain his potentials as a human being; b.) enhance the range and quality of individual and
group participation in the basic functions of the society; c.) acquire the essential educational foundation of
his development into a productive and versatile citizen.”
LECTURE 2
ISSUES IN GUIDANCE
1. Local schools district employs counselors to provide the services that the local school
administrators prescribe.
2. The counselor should allocate sufficient time to help client discover what bothers him, to define specific
behavioral goals and to attempt to change his behavior rather than merely encouraging him to return
periodically for catharsis.
3. Counselor should minimize personal counseling.
HISTORY OF GUIDANCE
The history of Guidance is divided into four stages:
1. Vocational Guidance
2. Educational Guidance
3. Personal Guidance and Mental Hygiene
4. Child Guidance Clinic
THE EARLY PIONEERS OF COUNSELING
1. Frank Parsons – Credited as the first counselor and often referred to as the “Father of
Guidance”
2. Lysander S. Richard – published a slim volume titled “Vocophy”
3. Jesse B. Davis – He is the founder of educational Guidance.
4. Anna Y. Reed and Eli Weaver – American counselor who established counseling services
based on Social Darwinian concepts.
5. David Spence Hill – He organized the first guidance and counseling services in New
Orleans.
6. Carl Rogers – Advocator of the client-centered counseling.
7. Clifford Beers – Hospitalized for mental illness several times during his life.
LECTURE 3
ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION OF GUIDANCE
ORGANIZATION – The foundation upon which the whole structure of management is built.
It is a process of identifying and grouping the work to be performed, defining and delegating
responsibility and authority and establishing relationship for the purpose and enabling people to work most
effectively together accomplishing objectives.
FORMS OF ORGANIZATION
1. Informal Organization – It refers to the relationship of individuals because of similarity of likes,
dislikes, emotions, needs or attitudes.
TYPES OF ORGANIZATION
1. Line Organization – It is the simplest and oldest form of organization structure. In such structure,
authority is delegated directly from top to bottom.
2. Line and Staff Organization – It is the pattern of a large and complex organizations. In it, all
executives are either on the staff or in the line depending on their authority and
functions.
1. The School Head – (President, Administrator, Principal and Head Teacher) The school head
determines the destiny of the guidance service by his attitude toward it.
2. The Guidance Counselor – The duties of the guidance counselor vary somewhat, depending upon
whether he is serving relatively small school, district, division or university.
a. Effective Teaching.
b. Noting vocational possibilities of various subject areas
c. Demonstrating a genuine interest in students.
d. Encouraging high academic achievement.
e. Serving on planning committees.
f. Holding individual conferences with students.
g. Providing anecdotal data.
h. Assisting with the pupil inventory.
i. Making student referrals.
4. The School Doctors and Nurses – The play of the school doctors and nurses in guidance are
important.
5. The School Librarian – It is not difficult to place the librarian in the category of a guidance
worker.
a. The guidance staff can prepare and mail bulletins/ brochures to inform parents on what is taking
place in the school and might also serve as a device for obtaining their suggestions and ideas.
b. School visits by parents might be encouraged.
c. Contacts should be made and/or maintained with community leaders.
d. Orientation programs to various sector maybe conducted in the coordination with school personnel.
THE GUIDANCE SERVICES – It is an organized set of specialized services established as an integral part
of the school environment designed to promote the development of students and assist them toward a
realization of sound, wholesome adjustment and maximum accomplishments commensurate with their
potentialities.