Cet Reviewer

C OLLEGE
E NTRANCE E XAM
Preparation and Practice
Workbook
TEACHER’S EDITION
This booklet was written by The Princeton Review, the nation’s leader in test preparation.
The Princeton Review helps millions of students every year prepare for standardized
assessments of all kinds. Through its association with McGraw-Hill, The Princeton Review
offers the best way to help students excel on their college entrance tests.
The Princeton Review is not affiliated with Princeton University or Educational Testing Service.
Grateful acknowledgment is given to authors, publishers, and agents for permission to reprint the following
copyrighted material. Every effort has been made to determine copyright owners. In case of any omissions,
the Publisher will be pleased to make suitable acknowledgments in future editions.
Excerpt from The Mystery of Comets by Fred L. Whipple. Copyright © 1985 by Smithsonian Institution.
Reprinted by permission.
Excerpt from Freedom’s Children: Young Civil Rights Activists Tell Their Own Stories, by Ellen Levine. Copyright ©
1993 by G.P. Putnam’s Sons. Reprinted by permission of Penguin Putnam.
Excerpt from New Essays on the Psychology of Art by Rudolf Arnheim. Copyright © 1986, University of
California Press. Reprinted by permission.
Excerpt from The Natural History of Cats by Claire Necker. Copyright © 1970, A.S. Barnes and Co., Inc.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Copyright © by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act
of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database retrieval
system, without prior written permission of the publisher.
Send all inquiries to:
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
8787 Orion Place
Columbus, OH 43240-4027
ISBN 0-02-818302-9
Printed in the United States of America
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 047 03 02 01 00
College Entrance Exam Preparation and Practice
Contents
Overview of the Teacher’s Annotated Edition ...................................................................... T2
How to Use this Book ........................................................................................................... T4
How to Score the SAT II Writing Subject Test Essay ......................................................... T6
SAT II Writing Subject Test Essay Prompts ......................................................................... T8
A Guide to the Teacher’s Edition Annotations...................................................................... T9
SAT Verbal Practice Answer Bubbles ................................................................................... T10
SAT II Writing Practice Answer Bubbles ............................................................................. T12
ACT Reading Practice Answer Bubbles ............................................................................... T13
ACT English Practice Answer Bubbles ................................................................................ T14
What You Need to Know About the SAT I Verbal Sections ................................................. 2
What You Need to Know About the SAT II Writing Subject Test........................................ 5
SAT I Verbal Practice 1 ......................................................................................................... 8
SAT II Writing Practice 1...................................................................................................... 22
What You Need to Know About the ACT Reading Test ....................................................... 34
What You Need to Know About the ACT English Test ........................................................ 37
ACT Reading Practice........................................................................................................... 40

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
ACT English Practice ............................................................................................................ 48
T1
Overview of the Teacher’s Annotated Edition

The College Entrance Exam Preparation and Practice workbook contains
explanations, techniques, and practice materials to help students prepare for the verbal
portion of the SAT I, the SAT II W riting Subject Test, the ACT Reading Test, and the
ACT English Test. As such, the workbook provides a comprehensive guide to the
reading, usage and mechanics, and writing skills that students must master in order to
succeed on these standardized tests.
SAT I
The SAT I contains three verbal sections, three math sections, and an
experimental section that may be math or verbal. The College Entrance Exam
P reparation and Practice workbook focuses on the verbal portion of the test. The verbal
portion of the SAT I test is divided into two 30-minute sections and one 15-minute
section. The SAT I evaluates students’ grasp of vocabulary, relationships of meaning,
and reading comprehension. The verbal sections consist entirely of three types of
multiple-choice questions:
Analogies: Students are called upon to determine the relationship between two
“stem words” (e.g. COW : CALF), and then find the answer choice (e.g. sheep: lamb)
that shows the same relationship.
Sentence Completions: Students must select the word (or, in some cases, two
words) from the answer choices that best completes a given sentence.
C ritical Reading: Students are asked to answer questions based on a given

reading passage. The questions test several skills, including students’ abilities to
determine main themes, to understand vocabulary in context, and to recall facts from the
passage.
SAT II Writing Subject Test

The SAT II W riting Subject Test is divided into two distinct parts. Part A asks
the student to write an essay in response to a writing prompt that is provided. (Sample
writing prompts are included in this Teacher’s Edition on page T8.) Part B contains a
variety of multiple-choice questions that test students on their grasp of grammar, diction,

mechanics, and usage, as well as their understanding of style and content organization.
ACT Reading and English Tests

The ACT Reading Test and the ACT English Test are two parts of the larger
ACT Assessment Test (which also includes a Mathematics Test and a Science Reasoning
Test.) The ACT Reading Test contains four reading passages and related multiple-
choice questions designed to test the student’s reading comprehension skills. It is similar
in style to the critical reading component of the SAT I verbal section.
T2
The ACT English Test consists of five reading passages containing errors of
grammar, mechanics and usage, style, and writing organization and content. The student
is asked to choose the best answer from among four alternatives.
To facilitate use of the practice exams, this book includes versions of the Student
Edition pages that show the correct answers, underline important points, and add
pertinent test-taking tips and information. (See page T9 for examples and explanations
of these annotations.)
In addition, four pages of “answer bubble” sheets (on pages T10–T15) and one
essay answer sheet (on page T16) are included for you to copy and distribute to
students. It is helpful to have students practice “bubbling in” answers as they take these
tests. Incorrectly “bubbling in” answer choices is a common mistake for first-time test
takers.
T3
How to Use this Book

As you will note below, the SAT I and ACT Reading and English tests are
administered at various points throughout the school year. (The SAT II Writing Subject
Test, however, is only given in April.) Therefore, it is a good idea to return to the
College Entrance Exam Preparation and Practice workbook throughout the year. (You
may, however, want to put more emphasis on this study in the months preceding
October and April, since these tend to be the times most students choose to take their
college entrance exams.)
The skills required by the SAT I, SAT II, and ACT tests cannot be developed in a
short amount of time. Each test has its own idiosyncrasies, and only by reviewing and
practicing consistently will students become comfortable with the unique styles of these
exams.
Test Administration Dates

ACT Assessment Test
SAT II
(including English,
SAT I Writing
Reading, Mathematics,
Subject Test
and Science Reasoning)
October October
November
December
January
February
April April April
May
June June

It is a good idea to check at the beginning of the school year to determine the
exact dates and locations where the tests will be given in your area. Your school
guidance counselor will probably have that information on hand.
The best strategy to help your students get the greatest benefit from this book is to
mimic as closely as possible the actual testing situation. Assigning tests as whole
sections is the best way to help students develop the stamina these tests require. (ACT
Assessment and SAT I tests are over three hours long.) However, whether you assign
parts of sections, full practice sections, or entire tests, you want to make sure to time
students appropriately. If you do decide to break a section into smaller parts, make sure
to determine the correct amount of time for each part, based on the ratio of questions
assigned to the whole section. Success on any of these tests hinges on students’ ability
to pace themselves appropriately in a timed situation.
T4
The chart below lists the time that would be allotted to each section in a real test
situation.
Page
Section Time Alloted
Number
SAT Verbal Practice 1 Page 8 30 minutes
SAT II Writing Practice 1 Page 22 25 minutes
SAT II Writing Practice 2 Page 28 15 minutes
SAT II “Writing Prompt” Page T8 20 minutes
ACT Reading Practice (4sections) Page 40 35 minutes
ACT English Practice (5sections) Page 48 45 minutes

T5
How to Score the SAT II Writing Subject Test Essay

In order to provide your students with a picture of how they may perform on the
essay portion of the SAT II Writing Subject Test, grade their practice essays in a manner
as close as possible to the one used by the Educational Testing Service (ETS) graders.
The test is scored on a scale of one to six; with six a perfect score. Although it is not
possible to make an exact science of determining how many points to subtract for every
error or weakness, familiarizing yourself with most important points and concepts will
enable you to grade practice essays with the same mindset as the one used by ETS.
Some helpful suggestions and guidelines about writing the essay are included on page 5
of the Student Edition.
Below are some broad categories that define the range of scores no matter what
topic has been administered and no matter how broad or narrow the range of skills of
those responding. Obviously, there is room for interpretation in each of these general
categories.
➢ Scores of 6
An essay of this caliber demonstrates clear and consistent competence even
though there might be an occasional error. Such an essay
• effectively responds to the writing prompt
• is well organized and developed, and uses appropriate examples to support its
thesis
• shows a consistently high level of ability in style, sentence structure, and
vocabulary
➢ Scores of 5
An essay of this caliber demonstrates reasonably consistent competence even
though there might be an occasional error and fault in quality. Such an essay
• responds well to the writing prompt
• has good organization, is adequately developed, and uses appropriate
examples to support its thesis
• shows a relatively high level of ability in style, demonstrates some variety of
sentence structure, and uses vocabulary effectively

➢ Scores of 4
An essay of this caliber demonstrates adequate competence with only
occasional errors and faults in quality. Such an essay
• responds to the writing prompt
• has some organizing idea and thesis development, and uses some examples to
support its thesis
• shows an inconsistent level of ability in style, demonstrating occasional
errors in grammar and diction
• has little sentence structure variety
T6
➢ Scores of 3
An essay of this caliber demonstrates developing competence. Such essays
contain the following weaknesses
• insufficient organization or development
• lack of supporting details
• errors in grammar, diction, and composition
➢ Scores of 2
An essay of this caliber demonstrates some incompetence. Such essays contain
the following flaws and weaknesses
• little or no organization
• inadequate development
• few or inappropriate supporting details
• errors in grammar, diction, and composition
➢ Scores of 1
An essay of this caliber demonstrates some incompetence. Such essays contain
the following serious flaws and weaknesses
• very little organization
• insufficient development
• errors in grammar, diction, and composition so severe meaning is difficult to
determine
T7
SAT II Writing Subject Test Essay Prompts

Following are some practice writing prompts, similar to the ones given on the
essay portion of the SAT II Writing Subject Test. You may administer them as part of
the SAT II Writing Subject practice test, assign them to students for homework, or work
on them with your class. Use the guidelines on pages T6–T7 to help you score these
practice essays.
Please remember that these prompts a re not written in the students’ workbook, so
when you assign them, you must copy them onto the board or distribute them as a
handout in class.
Essay 1: “Goals achieved through hard wo rk are more valuable than similar
gains acquired through good luck.”
The good things we acquire through our own planning and labor have a value that
is not present if we receive those same things merely through fortune or chance.
Discuss an instance from your studies of literature, history, or current events that
shows the above statement to be true. You may also refer to your personal experiences.
Essay 2: “By taking the greatest risk we may achieve the greatest success.”
Select an example from your studies of literature, history, science, world events,
or from your own life, and use it as the basis for writing an essay in which you
demonstrate why you agree or disagree with this statement. Be specific.
Essay 3: “Is necessity the mother of invention, or does dep rivation merely
lead to more dep rivation?”
Do difficult circumstances generally stimulate a person’s ability to create success?

Or do these situations more often stifle a person’s ability and incentive to succeed?
Using examples from your studies of literature, history, or other subjects, or your
personal experiences and perceptions, write an essay in which you respond to this
question.
Essay 4: “One way in which technology has given us more freedom in the last
thirty years is ________.”

Using examples from your studies of history, social science, or other subjects, or
your personal experiences and observations, write an essay in which you complete this
thesis. Be as specific as possible.
T8
A Guide to the Teacher’s Edition Annotations

The Teacher’s Edition includes several types of markings to facilitate your
teaching of the material. Shown below are two excerpts to give you an example of the
variety of annotations employed.
From page 2
Sentences in the
The best way to find the relationship between the two stem words is to make a
introductory pages
sentence with the stem words, defining one of the words in terms of the other. For
of the Student example, if the stem words are APPLE : FRUIT, a “defining” sentence would be “An
Edition have been APPLE is a type of FRUIT.” A defining sentence would NOT be “Apples are fruits that
underlined to I like.” “An APPLE is a type of FRUIT” is a sentence that you could imagine seeing in
highlight points to the dictionary in the definition of APPLE. That is why it is called a defining sentence.
which you might
want to give special
attention in class. From page 20
Musical experiences involving extrinsic time are
(95) clearly different. The most radical examples are
Q4 found in some modern music, where the continuity
of the melodic flow is deliberately fractured so that
On the critical
even short intervals are strong enough to turn ele-
reading sections of ments into self-contained, often point-sized systems.
the SAT I and (100) Time is called upon as the only substratum in which
throughout the ACT the fragments can organize. Accordingly the listener
Reading Test, experiences “waiting for the next tone.”
passages are On all the
annotated to note 1 The author’s description of music supports the idea
that practice
where within the questions,
passage the answer (A) music exists in intrinsic time
(B) music is a superior art form to painting or film the correct
to a particular answers
(C) modern music is not perceived in aesthetic
question can be have been
terms
found. A “Q” and (D) music does not involve time circled for
the question number (E) music does involve the perception of time in easy
appear next to the some form reference.
appropriate line(s)
of the passage. 2 In line 3, the word “behavior” probably means

(A) attitude
(B) measurements
(C) acceleration
(D) demeanor
(E) activity
C rossing Out. Advise students to cross out choices they’ve mentally eliminated, so they don’t accidentally choose
them. If students can’t write in the test booklet, they should use scratch paper to list the answer choice letters and
cross them out.
Test-taking tips appear in boxes throughout the text. The test-taking tips point
out relevant techniques and general lessons that students may find helpful.
T9
Name: ____________________________________________ Date: _____________________________________________
SAT I
1 A B C D E 10 A B C D E 19 A B C D E
VERBAL 2 A B C D E 11 A B C D E 20 A B C D E
PRACTICE 3 A B C D E 12 A B C D E 21 A B C D E
ONE
TWO

12 A B C D E 25 A B C D E
THREE
T10
NAME: __________________________________________________ DATE: ___________________________________________________
SAT II
WRITING 2 A B C D E 15 A B C D E 28 A B C D E
ONE
WRITING 2 A B C D E 10 A B C D E 18 A B C D E
TWO
T11
Name: ____________________________________________ Date: _____________________________________________
ACT
1 A B C D 15 A B C D 29 A B C D
READING 2 F G H J 16 F G H J 30 F G H J
PRACTICE 3 A B C D 17 A B C D 31 A B C D
4 F G H J 18 F G H J 32 F G H J
5 A B C D 19 A B C D 33 A B C D
6 F G H J 20 F G H J 34 F G H J
7 A B C D 21 A B C D 35 A B C D
8 F G H J 22 F G H J 36 F G H J
9 A B C D 23 A B C D 37 A B C D
10 F G H J 24 F G H J 38 F G H J
11 A B C D 25 A B C D 39 A B C D
12 F G H J 26 F G H J 40 F G H J
13 A B C D 27 A B C D
14 F G H J 28 F G H J
T12
NAME: __________________________________________________ DATE: ___________________________________________________
ACT
1 A B C D 27 A B C D 53 A B C D
ENGLISH 2 F G H J 28 F G H J 54 F G H J
PRACTICE 3 A B C D 29 A B C D 55 A B C D
4 F G H J 30 F G H J 56 F G H J
5 A B C D 31 A B C D 57 A B C D
6 F G H J 32 F G H J 58 F G H J
7 A B C D 33 A B C D 59 A B C D
8 F G H J 34 F G H J 60 F G H J
9 A B C D 35 A B C D 61 A B C D
10 F G H J 36 F G H J 62 F G H J
11 A B C D 37 A B C D 63 A B C D
12 F G H J 38 F G H J 64 F G H J
13 A B C D 39 A B C D 65 A B C D
14 F G H J 40 F G H J 66 F G H J
15 A B C D 41 A B C D 67 A B C D
16 F G H J 42 F G H J 68 F G H J
17 A B C D 43 A B C D 69 A B C D
18 F G H J 44 F G H J 70 F G H J
19 A B C D 45 A B C D 71 A B C D
20 F G H J 46 F G H J 72 F G H J
21 A B C D 47 A B C D 73 A B C D
22 F G H J 48 F G H J 74 F G H J
23 A B C D 49 A B C D 75 A B C D
24 F G H J 50 F G H J 76 F G H J
25 A B C D 51 A B C D
26 F G H J 52 F G H J
T13
Name: _______________________________________ Date:_______________________________
T14
COLLEG
EE
PREPAR N T R
ATIO A N C E E X A M
NA
N D P RAC TICE
WORKBOOK
Test-Taking
Strategies to
Help You
Succeed!
This booklet was written by The Princeton Review, the nation’s leader in test preparation.
The Princeton Review helps millions of students every year prepare for standardized
assessments of all kinds. Through its association with McGraw-Hill, The Princeton Review
offers the best way to help students excel on their college entrance tests.
The Princeton Review is not affiliated with Princeton University or Educational Testing Service.
Grateful acknowledgment is given to authors, publishers, and agents for permission to reprint the following
copyrighted material. Every effort has been made to determine copyright owners. In case of any omissions,
the Publisher will be pleased to make suitable acknowledgments in future editions.
Excerpt from The Mystery of Comets by Fred L. Whipple. Copyright © 1985 by Smithsonian Institution.
Excerpt from Freedom’s Children: Young Civil Rights Activists Tell Their Own Stories, by Ellen Levine. Copyright ©
1993 by G.P. Putnam’s Sons. Reprinted by permission of Penguin Putnam.
Excerpt from New Essays on the Psychology of Art by Rudolf Arnheim. Copyright © 1986, University of
California Press. Reprinted by permission.
Excerpt from The Natural History of Cats by Claire Necker. Copyright © 1970, A.S. Barnes and Co., Inc.
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
Copyright © by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act
of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database retrieval
system, without prior written permission of the publisher.
Send all inquiries to:
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill
8787 Orion Place
Columbus, OH 43240-4027
ISBN 0-02-818265-0
Printed in the United States of America
5 6 7 8 9 047 03 02
Contents
What You Need to Know About the SAT I Verbal Sections ................................................. 2
What You Need to Know About the SAT II Writing Subject Test........................................ 5
What You Need to Know About the ACT Reading Test ....................................................... 34
What You Need to Know About the ACT English Test ........................................................ 37
ACT Reading Practice........................................................................................................... 40
ACT English Practice ............................................................................................................ 48

1
What You Need to Know About the SAT I Verbal Sections
SAT I Verbal Structure

The three verbal sections of the SAT I consist of 19 sentence completions,
19 analogies, and 40 critical reading questions. The questions are divided into three
sections as follows:
30-minute section 10 Sentence Completions 13 Analogies 12–13 Critical Reading questions

30-minute section 9 Sentence Completions 6 Analogies 15–16 Critical Reading questions
15-minute section 12–13 Critical Reading questions
Sentence completions are fill-in-the-blank questions. They test your vocabulary

and your ability to comprehend relatively complex sentence structures. Analogies test
your ability to identify the relationship between related vocabulary words. Critical read-
ing questions are based on passages that can be anywhere from 400 to 850 words long.
The passages include narratives as well as informational and opinion passages covering
the humanities, social science, and natural science.
All verbal questions have five answer choices. Each question has only one answer
choice that is the “credited response,” or the answer for which you will receive credit.
However, verbal questions may sometimes seem to have more than one right answer—
they are not as cut-and-dry as math questions. So keep in mind that the credited
response is always the “best” answer among those presented.
The SAT I also includes three math sections and one “experimental” section. The
experimental section may be math or verbal, but it will always be 30 minutes. You will
not know which section is experimental—it will look just like all the others. Do your
best on every section, and if you finish a particularly tough or strange one, don’t
be concerned. Just assume it was experimental, and move on.
Analogies
An analogy is a relationship between two words. On the SAT I, the words in capi-
tal letters (the “stem” words) have a relationship, and the words in the credited response
must have the exact same relationship. For instance, if the “stem” words are MUG :

COFFEE then the credited response may be something like pool : water. A MUG holds
COFFEE as a pool holds water.
The best way to find the relationship between the two stem words is to make a
sentence with the stem words, defining one of the words in terms of the other. For
example, if the stem words are APPLE : FRUIT, a “defining” sentence would be “An
APPLE is a type of FRUIT.” A defining sentence would NOT be “Apples are fruits that I
like.” “An APPLE is a type of FRUIT” is a sentence that you could imagine seeing in
the dictionary in the definition of APPLE. That is why it is called a defining sentence.
Once you make your sentence, move on to the answer choices and make that same
sentence with the answer choices. For example, say in our APPLE : FRUIT example,
answer choice (A) is cake : cookie. Using your sentence “An APPLE is a type of FRUIT”
2
you would ask yourself, “Is a cake a type of cookie?” The answer is no, so answer choice
(A) can be eliminated. You should cross the choice out with your pencil. You will have
just increased your odds of finding the credited response to this question. Then you can
use this sentence on all of the answer choices until you find the one that makes sense.
Sentence Completions
The most common way students waste time on sentence completions is by trying
to put the answer choice words in the sentence blank(s). This approach also makes it
much easier to fall for the traps in the answer choices of medium and difficult questions.
The best way to approach sentence completions is to physically cover the answers, and
focus completely on the sentence itself. Read the entire sentence, because there are
always clues in the sentence to help you figure out what word could go in the blank. Fill
in your own word for the blank, and then uncover the answers to find the best match to
your word.
For example, let’s say the sentence is, “Jane is usually tired on Saturdays, but this
Saturday she feels _______.” You have learned that Jane is usually tired on Saturdays.
That is a big clue that will help solve this sentence. You also have the word but. That’s a
clue that tells you something is different or opposite about this particular Saturday. So
the word in the blank will be the opposite of tired, something like energetic. Without the
answer choices to distract you, you can better find the word that solves the sentence.
Then you can compare your word with the answer choices and find the best match.
Critical Reading
Critical reading questions are always based on the passages they follow, NOT on
your own prior knowledge. That means the answers you need will be found somewhere
in the passage. Always go back to the passage and review the relevant portions before
choosing your answer. Critical reading questions are not in order of difficulty. Instead,
they are in a rough chronological order. That means that if question 15 asks about infor-
mation in the first paragraph of the passage, and question 17 asks about information in
the third paragraph, the information needed to answer question 16 will most likely be
found in the second paragraph.
One critical reading section on the SAT I contains a pair of related passages. They
have a common theme or subject, often with opposing views. The questions are usually
grouped, with questions about passage 1 first, questions about passage 2 second, and
questions comparing both passages last. On these last questions, do not be fooled by
answers that are true of one passage and not the other. As on all SAT I questions, make
sure you understand what the question is asking, and use the process of elimination to
cross out answers that cannot be correct.
Analogies and Sentence Completions: Order of Difficulty

Sets of sentence completions and analogies are always ordered according to their
difficulty. In other words, in a set of analogies numbered 11 through 23, number 11 will
be the easiest, number 16 will be of medium difficulty, and number 23 will probably be
the most difficult. Knowing that ETS, the company that writes this test, has arranged
these questions in order of difficulty can aid you greatly in your test-taking endeavor.
3
If you know the question you are working on is meant to be easy (relative to the
rest of the questions), then you know that its answer should be easy as well. You should
not “overthink” a question that is supposed to be easy. Nor should you breeze through it
too quickly, however, because an easy question is worth the same number of points as a
difficult one. You should be careful on the easy questions to make sure you mark the
correct responses, and that you do not waste a good opportunity to pick up easy points.
If you know the question you are working on is meant to be of medium difficulty,
you can then be on the lookout for traps that may be waiting for you in the answer
choices. A trap answer could be one that seems right at first glance. If a medium ques-
tion is treated like an easy one, valuable points can be lost. Be extra careful here, and
use the process of elimination to narrow your choices.
If you know the question you are working on is meant to be difficult, your first
reaction might be to guess blindly in the face of unknown vocabulary or complicated
sentence structure. However, your knowledge of the question’s difficulty level can help
you to eliminate choices that could not possibly be the credited response. The answer is
more likely to contain difficult vocabulary words. Use the process of elimination to help
you narrow the choices, and then take a guess. How many choices must you eliminate in
order to guess productively? Let’s see.
Guessing and Process of Elimination

The “guessing penalty” on the SAT I is in place so that random guessing will not
help you earn points. You lose one-quarter of a point for every wrong answer marked.
So if you have absolutely no idea what the credited response to a question could be, you
should leave that question blank on your answer sheet. However, you can often elimi-
nate choices that simply cannot be correct. If you can eliminate one answer choice,
your odds of guessing correctly are 25 percent. If you can eliminate two answer choices,
1
your odds increase to 33 3 percent. If you can eliminate three, you have a 50 percent
chance of guessing the credited response. So take the SAT I aggressively, looking for
reasons to eliminate wrong answer choices, rather than merely trying to focus on finding
the best one. You should guess anytime you can eliminate at least one answer choice.
The fact that the SAT I Verbal sections are all multiple-choice allows you to use
the process of elimination on all of the questions. This process, combined with the
knowledge that analogies and sentence completions are arranged in order of difficulty,
gives you powerful tools with which to zero in on the credited responses.

Building Vocabulary
Since many of the SAT I Verbal questions, especially the analogies, test your
vocabulary, the importance of vocabulary building cannot be stressed enough. But build-
ing vocabulary takes time. The single most effective thing you can do to build your
vocabulary is to read.
Outside of reading, there are other ways of improving your vocabulary for the
SAT I. The test-writers do tend to reuse words from test to test. The more real SATs you
expose yourself to, the more common SAT I words you will know. You will also become
4
accustomed to the level of vocabulary that ETS likes to test. Here are some additional
suggestions for building your vocabulary:
• Start keeping a dictionary, index cards, and pen nearby whenever you are read-
ing. Every time you come across a word you don’t know, first try to guess what
it could mean based on the context of the sentence in which it is used. Then
look it up in the dictionary, and jot down the meaning next to the word on an
index card. Finally, make up a sentence using the word and write it down on
the index card. Make the sentence memorable, using people you know or situa-
tions you have been in. Keep accumulating new words and testing yourself on
old ones.
• Carry a few index cards with you wherever you go. Write down any words you
read or hear that you cannot define. Look them up later.
• Some words have multiple definitions. ETS likes to test you on your knowl-
edge of the secondary meanings of words. So, when you look up a word in the
dictionary, take note of all of the meanings, and all of the applicable parts of
speech.
• Use your new vocabulary words with your family and in your writing assign-
ments for school. You are much more likely to remember the meaning of a
word when you “make it your own.”
• Play word games such as Scrabble, Boggle, and crossword puzzles.

5
What You Need to Know About the SAT II Writing Subject

Test
Structure
The SAT II Writing Subject Test is an hour-long test that is divided into two parts,
Part A and Part B. Part A, the Essay, lasts for 20 minutes. Part B, the multiple choice
section, lasts for 40 minutes. Part B contains the following approximate numbers of
each of the three question types, arranged as follows:
20 Error Identification questions

18 Sentence Improvement questions
12 Paragraph Improvement questions
10 Error Identification questions
All questions require knowledge of standard written English, which is probably

more formal than the language you use in casual conversation. You will not be tested on
spelling or vocabulary.
Part A—The Essay

For the Essay portion of the SAT II Writing Subject Test, you will be assigned a
topic on which to write. It is not acceptable to write on any topic other than the one that
is assigned. The topic is often a quotation, such as “Sometimes failure is more beneficial
than success.” You should consider that idea, decide whether you have more evidence to
agree or disagree with it, and write a coherent, well-structured essay in which you give
specific examples from current events, history, literature, or personal experience. You
can make notes on the test booklet to help you organize your thoughts. You will be pro-
vided with an answer sheet on which to write your essay.
Your essay should be written with a traditional organization, beginning with an

introduction that clearly states which side you are on (the side for which you can think
of better examples). The last paragraph should conclude with a reiteration of your
opinion, and, if possible, the importance of the topic. The middle paragraphs are the
body of your essay, in which you must give examples that support your opinion, and tell
how they do so.
If you use an example from literature, make sure you know the full title of the lit-

erary work and the author’s full name. A great way to prepare for this exam is to go
through your old English and history notes, and make some notes on literary works and
historical events that you have learned about, so that you will have some “examples”
ready and waiting on the day of the test. You won’t know what the essay question will
be, but it is always something general enough to allow for many different types of exam-
ples. So if you prepare just a few of each type, you’ll be ready.
Part B—The Multiple-Choice Questions

Like the SAT I, the multiple-choice section of the SAT II Writing Subject Test has
a guessing penalty of one-fourth point per wrong answer. So if you have absolutely no
idea what the credited response to a question could be, you should leave that question
blank on your answer sheet. However, you can often eliminate choices that cannot be
correct. If you can eliminate one answer choice, your odds of guessing correctly are 25
1
percent. If you can eliminate two answer choices, your odds increase to 33 3 percent. If
6
you can eliminate three, you have a 50 percent chance of guessing the credited response.
So, you should take the SAT II aggressively, looking for reasons to eliminate wrong
answer choices, rather than merely trying to focus on finding the best one. You should
guess anytime you can eliminate at least one answer choice.
Error Identification
The first multiple-choice questions you will see are the Error Identification ques-
tions. Each one contains a sentence followed by the underlined words “No error.” If you
read the sentence and believe it to be error-free, fill in E (for “No error”) on your answer
sheet. Four words or phrases within the sentence are also underlined, each corresponding
to the letter A, B, C, or D. If you believe the word or phrase that corresponds with the let-
ter A to be incorrect, fill in A on your answer sheet. These questions are not asking you to
judge the writing style of the sentences. Your task is merely to look for errors. You can use
the process of elimination to cross out the parts of the sentence that you know are correct,
thereby zeroing in on the credited response. Do not be afraid to choose “No error,” since it
will be the credited response for approximately 20 percent of the Error ID questions.
However, if you find yourself choosing it much more often than that, you are probably
incorrect about some of the items.
Once you finish the first set of 20 Error Identification questions, you may want to
skip to the last 10 questions in Part B, which are also Error Identification questions,
especially if you are good at them.
Sentence Improvement
A Sentence Improvement question also contains a sentence, with anything from a
word to the entire sentence underlined. That sentence is followed by five answer choic-
es, all of which are possible replacements for the underlined word, phrase, or sentence.
Answer choice (A) will always be exactly the same as the original underlined word,
phrase, or sentence. Choosing (A), therefore, is equivalent to choosing “No error”; if
you are sure that there is an error in the sentence, you can automatically eliminate
choice (A). Again your task is to improve the sentence grammatically. It is best to try to
figure out what is wrong with the sentence before looking at the answers; once you fig-
ure out the error, you can eliminate any answer choices that repeat that error. Then you
can eliminate any choices that contain new errors.
Although Sentence Improvement questions are testing grammar and usage rules,
the test-writers have some stylistic preferences. All else being equal, the answer choice
that is brief and to-the-point is more likely to be the “best.” Also, the test-writers dislike
passive sentences, so the “best” answer choice is more likely to be active. (The answer is
more likely to be “Mary walked the dog,” than “The dog was walked by Mary.”)
Paragraph Improvement
The Paragraph Improvement section consists of two passages, which are early
drafts of essays that need to be revised, and the questions that ask you how to revise
them. Some of the questions are about specific sentences or parts of the essay, and you
will be asked to improve sentence structure and word choice. Other questions will ask
you to consider the organization and development of the essay as a whole. Just stick to
the rules of standard written English.
It may be a good idea to do this section of Part B last, since it sometimes takes
longer to answer each question, and it is the shortest section. Do not be afraid to skip
around during the test—just be sure to mark your answer sheet appropriately.
7
SAT I Verbal Practice 1
Time—30 Minutes For each question in this section, select the best answer from
27 Questions among the choices given.
Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each 5 The candidate came across as ---- during the
blank indicating that something has been omitted. debates by trying too hard to convey a businesslike
Beneath the sentence are five words or sets of words manner to voters.
labeled A through E. Choose the word or set of (A) haphazard (B) austere (C) amiable
words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits (D) composed (E) boorish
the meaning of the sentence as a whole.
6 It has been argued that our willingness to ----
celebrities is indicative of a desire to find
1 In order to ---- his sister, Martin defended her to perfection ourselves.
their parents, even though he wasn’t sure that he (A) harbor (B) denigrate (C) venerate
---- with her opinion. (D) placate (E) repudiate
(A) scorn. .petty
(B) deny. .merciful 7 In literature and on stage, the ---- comes after the
(C) understand. .acknowledged climax as a way for the author to conclude the story.
(D) fathom. .satisfied (A) denouement (B) venality (C) heresy
(E) help. . concurred (D) monotony (E) epitaph
2 Mr. Cason never wears a tie to work; it is this insis- 8 A ---- rival, Sue nearly always beat her opponents,
tence on ---- that makes him so popular with his
but still she also managed to appear ---- while doing
employees.
it.
(A) formality (B) poverty (C) informality
(A) feeble. .stalwart
(D) opulence (E) decorum
(B) hostile. .treacherous
(C) formidable. .sympathetic
3 The deceased musician’s private tapes that were (D) vulnerable. .charitable
recently ---- by his daughters have been released (E) disagreeable. .insecure
---- , providing a glimpse into the private moments
of a master.
9 Nikolas was capricious at best, and his ---- often
(A) criticized. .quietly
kept him from appearing professional enough to
(B) unearthed. .unnecessarily
hold down a steady job.
(C) found. .posthumously
(A) incontinence (B) dexterity (C) chimeras
(D) cited. .suddenly

(D) vagaries (E) infatuations
(E) acclaimed. .reluctantly
Comprehension Clues: Remind students that lit-
4 Although it reaches far more people than radio or tle words like but and and say a lot. For instance,
newspapers, television is still considered by some to in question 8, the word but shows that the sen-
be a ---- medium that does not enrich anyone’s life.
tence is about to change direction, providing an
(A) sarcastic (B) vacuous (C) mediocre
(D) questionable (E) limited example or idea contrary to the opening clause.
The word although in question 4 performs the
same function. The word and in question 9 shows
us the sentence will continue in the same direc-
tion. Be aware of and point out “direction” words
whenever you see them.
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE
8
Each question below consists of a related pair of 13 YARD : LENGTH ::

words or phrases, followed by five pairs of words or (A) calories : dinner
phrases labeled A through E. Select the pair that best (B) thermometer : temperature
expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in (C) sound : music
the original pair. (D) quart : volume
(E) projector : picture
14 MERCILESS : COMPASSION ::
10 FIG : FRUIT ::
(A) sugar : cake (A) indifferent : interest
(B) fork : utensil (B) rational : order
(C) plant : shrub (C) morose : unhappiness
(D) anchor : ship (D) prodigal : excess
(E) petal : flower (E) pathetic : sympathy
11 THEATER : PLAY :: 15 BERATE : SCOLD ::

(A) hospital : surgeon (A) suspect : investigate
(B) gymnasium : track (B) interrogate : question
(C) auditorium : concert (C) believe : doubt
(D) book : cover (D) evade : flee
(E) army : general (E) sentence : punish
12 SCALPEL : CUT ::
(A) restaurant : serve
(B) rocket : launch
(C) computer : repair Words with Many Meanings. Some words have
(D) laundry : cycle more than one meaning. For instance, look at
(E) glue : fasten question 13. The first definition of “YARD” is
actually a small open area adjacent to a building.
Using the wrong definition may lead students to
create misleading sentences with their analogies.
In this case, they may think something like “A
YARD has a certain LENGTH.” Which is obvi-
ously not the relationship for which the test
requires. Warn students to be on the lookout for
words with multiple meanings on standardized
tests. Students should keep their definitions flexi-

ble, and be careful if the context seems strange.
9
Each passage below is followed by questions based on its content. Answer the questions on the basis of what is
stated or implied in each passage and in any introductory material that may be provided.
Questions 16–27 are based on the following passages. for the rights and liberties of small nations, for a uni-
versal dominion of right by such a concert of free Q20
After Germany sank several American merchant vessels, peoples as shall bring peace and safety to all nations
President Woodrow Wilson made a speech on April 2, 1917, and make the world itself at last free. To such a task
asking Congress for a declaration of war. Two days later (40) we can dedicate our lives and our fortunes, every-
Senator George William Norris, a progressive Republican thing that we are and everything that we have, with
who opposed the decision to enter into World War I, spoke the pride of those who know that the day has come
out against it. Passage 1 is an excerpt from Wilson’s when America is privileged to spend her blood and
speech. Passage 2 is an excerpt from Norris’s speech. her might for the principles that gave her birth and
(45) happiness and the peace which she has treasured.
Passage 1
God helping her, she can do no other.
We are accepting this challenge of hostile pur-
pose because we know that in such a Government, Passage 2
following such methods, we can never have a friend; War brings no prosperity to the great mass of
Line and that in the presence of its organized power, common and patriotic citizens. It increases the cost
(5) always lying in wait to accomplish we know not
of living of those who toil and those who already
what purpose, there can be no assured security for (50) must strain every effort to keep soul and body
the democratic Governments of the world. We are together. War brings prosperity to the stock gambler
now about to accept gauge of battle with this natural on Wall Street—to those who are already in posses- Q21
foe to liberty and shall, if necessary, spend the whole sion of more wealth than can be realized or enjoyed.
Q17(10) force of the nation to check and nullify its [A Wall Street broker] says if we cannot get war, “it
pretensions and its power. We are glad, now that we (55) is nevertheless good opinion that the preparedness
see the facts with no veil of false pretense about program will compensate in good measure for the
them, to fight thus for the ultimate peace of the loss of the stimulus of actual war.” That is, if we
world and for the liberation of its peoples, the cannot get war, let us go as far in that direction as
(15) German peoples included: for the rights of nations
possible. If we cannot get war, let us cry for addi-
great and small and the privilege of men everywhere (60) tional ships, additional guns, additional munitions,
to choose their way of life and of obedience. The and everything else that will have a tendency to
world must be made safe for democracy. Its peace bring us as near as possible to the verge of war. And
must be planted upon the tested foundations of polit- if war comes do such men as these shoulder the mus-
(20) ical liberty. We have no selfish ends to serve. We
ket and go into the trenches?
desire no conquest, no dominion. We seek no indem- (65) Their object in having war and in preparing for
nities for ourselves, no material compensation for the war is to make money. Human suffering and the sac-

sacrifices we shall freely make. We are but one of rifice of human life are necessary, but Wall Street
the champions of the rights of mankind. We shall be considers only the dollars and the cents. The men
(25) satisfied when those rights have been made as secure
who do the fighting, the people who make the sacri-
as the faith and the freedom of nations can make (70) fices, are the ones who will not be counted in the
them... measure of this great prosperity he depicts. The
Q19 There are, it may be, many months of fiery trial stockbrokers would not, of course, go to war,
and sacrifice ahead of us. It is a fearful thing to lead because the very object they have in bringing on the
(30) this great peaceful people into war, into the most ter-
war is profit, and therefore they must remain in their
rible and disastrous of all wars, civilization itself (75) Wall Street offices in order to share in that great
seeming to be in the balance. But the right is more prosperity which they say war will bring. The volun-
precious than peace, and we shall fight for the things teer officer, even the drafting officer, will not find
which we have always carried nearest our hearts — them. They will be concealed in their palatial offices Q23
(35) for democracy, for the right of those who submit to
on Wall Street, sitting behind mahogany desks, cov-
authority to have a voice in their own Governments,
10
(80) ered up with clipped coupons — coupons soiled with 17 The word “check” (line 10) most nearly means
the sweat of honest toil, coupons stained with moth- (A) study
er’s tears, coupons dyed in the lifeblood of their (B) ticket
fellow men. (C) crack
We are taking a step today that is fraught with (D) hold back
(85) untold danger. We are going into war upon the com-
(E) endanger
mand of gold. We are going to run the risk of sacri-
ficing millions of our countrymen’s lives in order
18 The rhetorical style used by President Wilson in the
that other countrymen may coin their lifeblood into
first paragraph is best described as
money. And even if we do not cross the Atlantic and
(90) go into the trenches, we are going to pile up a debt
(A) scaring the listeners into obedience
(B) calling the American people to action
that the toiling masses that shall come many genera-
(C) providing excuses to allow Congress to
tions after us will have to pay. Unborn millions will
declare war
bend their backs in toil in order to pay for the terri-
(D) ridiculing the enemy in an attempt to incite
ble step we are now about to take. We are about to
(95) do the bidding of wealth’s terrible mandate. By our
followers
act we will make millions of our countrymen suffer, (E) attempting to make citizens feel guilty for not
and the consequences of it may well be that millions being involved already
of our brethren must shed the lifeblood, millions of
brokenhearted women must weep, millions of chil- 19 The word “trial” (line 27) most nearly means
(100) dren must suffer with cold, and millions of babies (A) experiment
must die from hunger, and all because we want to (B) ordeal
preserve the commercial right of American citizens (C) legal entanglement
to deliver munitions of war to belligerent nations. (D) undertaking
(E) exhaustion
16 Which of the following most effectively describes
the two passages? 20 The word “concert” (line 37) most nearly means
(A) Passage 1 is filled with historical arguments, (A) musical performance
while Passage 2 is concerned mostly with (B) army
religious reasons. (C) faction
(B) Passage 1 describes the threat posed to (D) conflict
America’s sanctity, while Passage 2 cites the (E) agreement
dangers implicit in not going to war.
(C) Passage 1 claims we must enter the war to 21 The author of Passage 2 argues that entering the war
preserve peace and democracy, while will
Passage 2 stresses we are only going to war (A) be better for stockbrokers than for the
so that Wall Street brokers will benefit. common man
(D) Both Passage 1 and Passage 2 argue for (B) vastly improve the economy for all
America to demonstrate its strength in world (C) bring prosperity to gamblers
politics. (D) make the world safe for democracy
(E) Both Passage 1 and Passage 2 appeal to (E) eventually beget lasting peace
American patriotism and pride.
11
22 The author of Passage 2 specifically mentions that 25 Which of the following, if true, would substantiate
all of the following will suffer if America enters the the claims of the author of Passage 2?
war EXCEPT (A) The people out fighting for freedom will be
(A) the mothers of the soldiers the most likely to see material gain.
(B) the drafting officers (B) Wartime needs have made money for the
(C) our countrymen wealthy in the past.
(D) millions of children (C) Without the help of American troops,
(E) generations to come democracy will not prevail.
(D) Some stockbrokers will inevitably have to go
23 By mentioning that Wall Street executives “will be off to war.
concealed in their palatial offices” (line 78) Norris (E) Previous wars have had no effect on the
suggests that economy.
(A) Wall Street executives essentially will buy
their way out of being drafted 26 With regard to entering into World War I, both
(B) many will benefit from the war Passage 1 and Passage 2 discuss
(C) Wall Street executives will contribute tactical (A) the role of sacrifice
information (B) Wall Street’s essential greed
(D) the first to suffer will be those with the most (C) Germany’s unbridled aggression
to lose (D) the munitions industry
(E) as time goes on, Wall Street executives will (E) making the world safe for democracy
become even more powerful
27 Which words best illustrate what the authors of
24 Compared with the tone of Passage 1, the tone of Passage 1 and Passage 2, respectively, feel is the
Passage 2 is more primary reason for the decision to enter into war?
(A) scholarly (A) Honor and greed
(B) impassioned (B) Patriotism and belligerence
(C) dignified (C) Duty and suspicion
(D) nonchalant (D) Fear and hubris
(E) unbiased (E) Danger and hope
Reading is Test Prep: Part of training for any verbal or reading test includes going to the library and sit-
ting down with good books. Students should challenge themselves with reading material that is a bit
more difficult than that which they are accustomed to reading. Whenever they see an unfamiliar word,

they should look it up in the dictionary.
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON
THIS SECTION ONLY. DO NOT TURN TO ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST. STOP
12
Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each 6 Shana, while being ---- about her beliefs, was by no
blank indicating that something has been omitted. means ---- , choosing not to go to extreme measures
Beneath the sentence are five words or sets of words to support her cause.
labeled A through E. Choose the word or set of (A) indifferent. .pusillanimous
words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits (B) ardent. .zealous
the meaning of the sentence as a whole. (C) fervent. .inefficacious
(D) equivocal. .clandestine
(E) nebulous. .sycophantic
1 Carlos enjoys cooking not for the delicious meals
that result but for the ---- while he does it, as if it 7 Nick is almost impossible to work with; he has ----
were a form of therapy. for his fellow employees, making them feel small
(A) frustration (B) relaxation (C) consternation and useless.
(D) renunciation (E) elation (A) contumely (B) apathy (C) remorse
(D) affection (E) esteem
2 One reason that ---- evidence cannot be drawn from
the research of life-after-death experiences is that 8 Rarely willing to acknowledge talent in others,
people’s recollections of the events tend to be Jeffrey spoke of his fellow artists in a ----
clouded by a variety of external factors. manner, pointing out the short comings in their work
(A) unusual (B) inspiring (C) bogus for all to hear.
(D) essential (E) conclusive (A) sympathetic (B) supercilious
(C) rancorous (D) stupefied (E) deferential
3 The photographs were uncommonly ----; viewers
were visibly upset upon seeing them. 9 Because the film was so focused on ---- action
(A) tainted (B) dismal (C) confusing sequences, many viewers felt that though it was
(D) pedestrian (E) unaffecting exciting, it lacked real ---- impact.
(A) ephemeral. .opportunistic
4 You can learn much about an athlete’s conditioning (B) iniquitous. .comprehesive
by noting if her energy starts to ---- on the field; (C) profligate. .emotional
when she begins to slow down can say much about (D) prodigious. .carnal
how she trains. (E) ingenuous. .gratifying
(A) criticize (B) intensify (C) flag
(D) abolish (E) retain 10 Though Emilia dreaded the convention, it was actu-
ally quite ---- , presenting her with opportunities to
5 Vatican City, contrary to popular belief, is not a part network with potential clients.
of Italy, but a ---- country with its own currency. (A) propitious (B) efficacious (C) ponderous
(A) religious (B) sizable (C) majestic (D) ludicrous (E) trifling
(D) central (E) distinct
13
Each question below consists of a related pair of 17 TRANQUIL : SERENITY

words or phrases, followed by five pairs of words or (A) unfortunate : defiance
phrases labeled A through E. Select the pair that best (B) diplomatic : tact
expresses a relationship similar to that expressed in (C) feeble : strength
the original pair. (D) friendly : diffidence
(E) resilient : complexity Improving
Vocabulary.
11 WAREHOUSE : GOODS 18 FOOTNOTE : PAGE
Encourage
(A) dictionary : meaning (A) dedication : book
students to create
(B) fence : land (B) grimace : tragedy
(C) subtitle : screen their own vocabu-
(C) security : lock
(D) spreadsheet : data (D) idea : summary lary flashcards and
(E) jail : bars (E) guidepost : path study them. They
can then use their
12 DRAFT : ESSAY 19 STAND : TREES new words in
(A) story : plot (A) landscape : beaches daily conversation.
(B) brush : painting (B) range : mountains Larger vocabular-
(C) desk : office (C) vine : grapes ies will help them
(D) sketch : drawing (D) ranch : horses do well on all
(E) chisel : sculpture (E) field : plants standardized
exams.
13 SUITCASE : CLOTHES 20 PROLOGUE : PLAY
(A) briefcase : documents (A) intermission : performance
(B) government : laws (B) deduction : clue
(C) movie : scenes (C) salutation : letter
(D) laboratory : discoveries (D) coda : symphony
(E) melody : violin (E) matinee : performance
14 ENAMEL : TOOTH 21 ECSTATIC : JOY

(A) mouse : rodent (A) argumentative : doubt
(B) nail : wood (B) dour : happiness
(C) petal : flower (C) wrathful : anger
(D) shell : egg (D) supple : movement
(E) tide : ocean (E) sublime : awe
15 FRIGID : COLD 22 INTERLOCUTOR : CONVERSATION

(A) colorful : visible (A) monarch : election
(B) parched : dry (B) advocate : judgment
(C) tropical : lush (C) atheist : deity
(D) thoughtful : active (D) participant : event
(E) local : friendly (E) bureaucrat : authority
16 DETERGENT : CLEAN 23 HETERODOX : CONFORMITY

(A) antiseptic : disinfect (A) altruistic : generosity
(B) bleach : color (B) pious : respect
(C) steel : forge (C) somber : seriousness
(D) sculpture : carve (D) crass : sophistication
(E) water : evaporate (E) arrogant : scorn
14
Each passage below is followed by questions based on its content. Answer the questions on the basis of what is
stated or implied in each passage and in any introductory material that may be provided.
Questions 24–31 are based on the following passage functional in the 54 day old cat foetus, that is in a
foetus 6 days before birth. The body righting reflex Q28
The following excerpt is from a book about the natural is present almost a week earlier, on the 49th day.
history of cats. This particular passage focuses on cats’ (45) This part of the reflex is initiated by the propriocep-
natural ability to land on their feet when they fall. tive impulses of the muscles and the exteroceptive
We all know that the cat is usually unhurt when it impulses of the skin.
falls from a height because it lands on its feet. The (Proprioceptive means receiving stimulations
Persians have a saying that Ali passed his hand along within the tissues of the body. Besides being present
(50) in the labyrinth, proprioceptors are located through-
its back one day to make this possible. How it is
Line out the body, principally in muscles and tendons.
(5) accomplished is another matter. The physiology and
mechanics of this seemingly simple act are intricate They are sensory nerve terminals which give an ani-
and involved and not yet completely understood. It mal information concerning the movement and posi-
is a superb example of pure reflex; if the cat had to tions of its body. Exteroceptors are those nerve
(55) terminals which give information received from the
think about what to do next as it dropped through
(10) space it would never survive its first fall.
external environment.)
Cats need this safeguard, and they seem to rely The righting reflex is therefore triggered by such Q29
on it far too much. Agile and quick-witted though signals as: (1) the cat’s feet losing contact with
they are, they fall from windows, trees and other something solid, that is losing their normal tactile
(60) sensation, (2) the eyes registering an abnormal body
heights with predictable regularity and for no appar-
(15) ent reason other than carelessness or excitement.
position through external stimuli, (3) the muscles,
While in precarious positions they overestimate their etc., registering the same through internal stimuli,
reaching capacity in their eagerness to grasp some- and (4) the ear registering an upset equilibrium. Q25
thing, and they insist on rolling in happy abandon on Skin, eyes, ears, muscle proprioceptors — at least
(65) four senses act together to produce a reflex act far
the brink of small and great drops. They do any
(20) number of thoughtless things such as these which are
too rapid for the eye to register. Blindness or inner
entirely inconsistent with their cautious nature and ear injury do not prevent a perfect landing unless
which frequently result in a fall. Scratches on cat both handicaps exist together. The cat will then land
owners’ thighs and furniture, the result of last minute “any which way” as we do when we fall. Even figu-
(70) ratively speaking, very few humans manage to land
attempts on the cat’s part to save itself, are ample
(25) evidence of their folly. Yet, on landing from a fall a
feet first; the proverb “No matter what happens he
cat will often go back to its original location to con- always lands on his feet” indicates the relative rarity
tinue from where it was interrupted unless, realizing of such an occurrence.
that its mistake has been observed, it stalks off with Other vertebrates like squirrels, monkeys, frogs,
(75) dogs and rabbits do share in the righting reflex with

Q26 as much dignity as it can summon. Woe to those
(30) who laugh at it under these circumstances.
cats but not to as great a degree. Cats are masters in Q30
According to Moncrif in his Les Chats, a descrip- the art.
tion of the cat’s righting reflex was published in the
Q27 Memoires de l’Académie des Sciences in 1700.
Almost 200 years later, in 1894, the academy pub-
(35) lished another article on the subject, this time an
analysis of photographs that show a cat performing
the act. Numerous articles, both popular and scien-
tific, have subsequently been published in English.
Through physiological experimentation it is now
(40) known that the labyrinth or inner ear plays the
greater part in a cat’s feet-first landing. It is already
15
24 The author’s main objective in this essay is to 28 The author suggests that physiological experiments
(A) explain just one tiny part of a complex physio- with cats indicate that the “body righting reflex”
logical phenomenon mentioned on line 43 is
(B) give a summary of what science understands (A) probably an innate characteristic
so far about a particular physiological func- (B) an easily acquired behavior
tion (C) influential in causing certain muscle impulses
(C) put forth fairly both sides of a scientific (D) caused by the cat’s ability to land feet-first
debate (E) not necessarily connected to the nervous
(D) illustrate the gaps in what science understands system
about the phenomenon discussed
(E) propose an alternative explanation for the 29 In line 57, the word “triggered” refers to
development of the reflexes of a particular (A) a cat’s leaping ability
animal (B) the loss of a cat’s normal tactile sensations
(C) the activation of the righting reflex
25 In line 63, the word “upset” most closely means (D) the reception of certain external signals
(A) invisible (E) the development of a cat’s reflexes
(B) saddened
(C) disturbed 30 Which of the following, if true, would most weaken
(D) disappointed the author’s position that in regard to landing on their
(E) complicated feet, “cats are the masters of the art” (lines 76–77)?
(A) In one study, a cat with an injured ear, tem-
26 The author’s comment on lines 29–30, “Woe to porarily blinded by smoke from a fire, failed
those who laugh at it under these circumstances,” is to land on his feet when it fell only two feet.
intended to (B) Many other animals share some of the physio-
(A) emphasize the seriousness of empirical logical characteristics that contribute to the
observation righting reflex.
(B) inject some levity into a mostly scientific (C) Some cats in a recent study could not land on
discussion their feet at all while on a medication that
(C) draw a conclusion in regard to a previously affects the nervous system.
posed question (D) Humans sometimes “land on their feet” in the
(D) make a complaint about a common situation proverbial sense.
(E) help explain the author’s main thesis (E) New evidence shows that many animals can
and do land upright just as frequently as cats
27 The author mentions old studies of the cat mostly in do.
order to
(A) show the degree to which they have been 31 The author most probably believes that our under-

disproved standing of the reasons a cat is able to land on its
(B) emphasize the importance of the righting feet
reflex to the cat’s survival (A) has been growing for well over two hundred
(C) contrast the French style of research with that years
of the English (B) is still extremely limited in its scope
(D) demonstrate for how long scientists have been (C) has been derived exclusively from medical
studying this reflex research of a cat’s anatomy
(E) explain early theories regarding the reflex (D) has been greatly enhanced by our knowledge
of human reflexes
(E) results primarily from society’s acceptance of
cats as house pets
16
Questions 32–37 are based on the following passage. (45) whom Walter supposedly resembles so—and then of
Randolph’s grief over his death.
The following passage, taken from an American novel Now, finally, when Walter was practically a man,
published in 1957, describes events that take place after he’d come to live with Randolph while he attended
two half brothers, Randolph and Walter, are reunited after college. For the first time, Randolph regretted his
14 years. At the time of the story, Walter is 17 years old. (50) selfishness. Much to Randolph’s chagrin, Walter had Q35
Randolph greeted Walter with as much genuine grown up to be polite but distant towards him.
affection as he could muster. Even as estranged as Walter talked at length about his friends in California
the two had been, Randolph believed that there must and how he missed them. He talked about his stud-
be some way to help Walter rediscover that ancestral ies, and his intense interest in archeology. But
Line (55) something was missing, and Randolph knew it. There
Q32 (5) bridge that irrevocably connects the part of us which
yearns to be alone—to break free—with the part of was an underlying sadness in Walter’s demeanor.
us that longs to be a part of a greater whole. Without More to the point, there seemed to be blank patches Q36
this bridge, Randolph believed, we are each a frac- in his persona. Randolph could sense something was
tured person, part headstrong adventurer, part lost there, but somehow he simply could not fill the
(60) pieces in.
Q33 (10) and frightened child; a set of disconnected needs that
never truly meld to one. Our true identity is born As the days went by, Walter seemed intent upon
and our soul shines contentedly for all to see only in behaving more like a polite houseguest than a
this connectedness. Whatever adversity we may face younger brother. He made his bed with hospital cor-
in our lives, we can face it from a fully ners every morning, and then again if he happened to
(65) doze off at midday. He kept his room spotless and
(15) balanced stance, not struggling to balance on merely
one foot or the other, if we understand ourselves as impeccably tidy. He walked around the house as
individuals as well as part and partner to a larger quietly as possible, as if on tip-toes almost, regard-
whole. less of the time of day. He asked for permission to
But it would be hard-going to reach Walter, and take a snack from the kitchen or to turn on the televi-
(70) sion.
(20) to let him know all this.
Their father had gone to the last war, when Walter completely dashed the ideas that Randolph
Walter was just a baby, as Randolph had, and, unfor- had developed about modern teenagers from observ-
tunately, he was lost in the din of the battlefield, ing the boisterous, happy, and blithe children of his
caught off-guard and unaware, when the enemy crept law partners and neighbors.
(25) in on his troop from the air and from behind. When
(75) But more to the point, Walter seemed intent on
Walter was three, he lost his mother to grief and a behaving as though he had no real feelings about his
weak heart that never mended right after being parents, or losing them at such a young age, although
broken. he always did speak kindly and respectfully of them.
Randolph was at college at Yale, and Walter was “My attitude is to live in the present,” Walter told
(80) Randolph once, “I simply cannot afford to spend
(30) sent to live with his great aunt (their only other
relative) in California. Years passed, and while much energy on a lot of sadness about things that
Randolph made some attempts to connect with can’t be changed, or asking questions that can’t be
Walter (toys at Christmas, birthday greetings, a answered.”
phone call now and then when he could find the “But Walter,” Randolph replied, “perhaps you can
(85) have an even better life in the present if you know
(35) time) it seemed easier to think less and less about
his brother. something more of your past, if you have an idea of
Randolph was at first struggling to get through the people you come from. Perhaps I can answer
law school and, later, to secure a good position with some of your questions, if you’ll let me.”
a good firm, while Walter was growing up. His “I appreciate all you’re trying to do for me,” Q37
(90) answered Walter, “but all the same, I find it best to
(40) days and nights were filled with all manner of har-
ried thoughts and pending assignments. For another live in the present.”
thing (although Randolph would never admit it to
another soul, not even himself) he was afraid that the
sight of Walter would remind him of their father—
17
32 The “ancestral bridge” noted in line 4–5 should 36 The statement that Walter has “blank patches in his
connect persona” (lines 57–58) is used to
(A) caring and indifference (A) show that Walter’s education in California was
(B) love and hate lacking, or not complete
(C) individuals and families (B) indicate that he doesn’t really like his brother
(D) hedonism and caution (C) remind us of how we often take our families
(E) disorder and stasis for granted
(D) suggest that siblings who are separated early
33 The author uses the words “headstrong adventurer” in life may have trouble understanding each
and “lost, frightened child” in lines 9–10 to other
(A) distinguish between people whose personali- (E) demonstrate how little Randolph and Walter
ties are whole, and people whose personali- have to talk about
ties are not
(B) describe the two extreme possible responses 37 The inclusion of Walter’s comments to Randolph in
of those who face this type of situation lines 89–91 emphasizes his
(C) suggest it is impossible to reconcile these two (A) condescending tone in his refusal of
sets of feelings Randolph’s help
(D) remind us of the difference between childhood (B) true sadness about losing both his parents at
and adulthood so young an age
(E) show the emotional changes that this individ- (C) appreciation of Randolph’s efforts to reach
ual goes through, in time order him
(D) resolve to avoid exploring potentially painful
34 The aspect of Walter that Randolph seems to believe subjects
will make it hardest to reach him is Walter’s (E) ignorance of the good intentions Randolph has
(A) fondness and preference for his friends in for him
California over Randolph
(B) overly intense interest in his studies
(C) habit of behaving more like a polite house-
guest than a teenaged brother
(D) seemingly incomplete personality Using Context. Suggest to students that if they
(E) need to walk around as quietly as possible don’t know the definition of a word, they can usu-
ally work through the question by thinking about
35 In line 50, the word “chagrin” most closely means how they’ve heard or seen the word used before.
(A) shock If they find the word abominable on the test, they
(B) disappointment
can think of the phrase or situation in which
(C) unease
they’ve heard it, as in abominable snowman. Or

(D) anger
(E) confusion on Question 35, to define the word chagrin, stu-
dents can look at the words and phrases they see
around it in the story. In this case, in the sentence
before it says, “Randolph regretted his selfish-
ness.” Therefore, the definition should mean
something like regretted. The closest word among
the answers is choice B, disappointment. Students
should always think about how context limits
what the word might mean.
18
ond connotation. Needed for the runner’s success is

Each passage below is followed by questions based (35) not only coincidence in space but also a particular
on its content. Answer the questions on the basis of relation in the time sequence: his arrival must pre-
what is stated or implied in each passage and in any cede the closing of the doors. Under such conditions,
introductory material that may be provided. time is an active feature of the perceptual situation
and is therefore needed to describe it.
Questions 1–11 are based on the following passage. (40) Such a time event is not necessarily paralleled by
a corresponding action in space. In films, suspense is
In the following excerpt from a book about the often obtained by a discrepancy between a visual sit-
psychology of art and music, the author discusses the uation that remains static and the progression of time Q5
way we perceive events and music in space and time. toward the deadline. This is true toward the count-
(45) down at the launching of a rocket or for the annoying
I get up from my chair, walk to the bookshelf, kettle that will not boil. Time figures conspicuously
reach for a book, and return to my desk. Such a in the tension between the visually immobile system
Q2 piece of behavior consists of intention and mobilized expected to explode and the mental image of the
Line
muscular action, of changes of place, etc. It is a anticipated explosion as the goal system. Such a ten-
(5) sequence of events, but by no means all sequences (50) sion-loaded discrepancy need not relate to a visual
are temporal. The sequence of the letters of the situation. The impassive ticking of a clock, with its
alphabet does not involve time, nor does the static monotony, creates an irritating contrast to time
sequence of numbers (Aristotle, Categories 6.5a “running out” in a suspenseful situation. Note, how-
15ff.). The features of the human face have to come ever, that whenever the event occurs in a unitary time
(10) in the right sequence: forehead, eyes, nose, mouth, (55) system rather than as a relation between two inde-
chin. What counts in experience is the order of pendent systems, time drops out of the percept and
things, regardless of whether the sequence dwells in space takes over. Two men approach each other to Q6
simultaneity or occurs in succession. The difference shake hands. Usually we see them do so in space, not
between simultaneity and succession matters, of in time. Intrinsic time is not perceived, probably
(15) course, and is noticed. But it is a difference per- (60) because the time dimension possesses no sensory
ceived as one between properties or dimensions medium of its own.
within the object itself. To characterize one object This seems to be true also for music. Extrinsic
perceptually, no reference to time is pertinent. This time may be experienced when components of a
becomes evident when one looks, in comparison, at piece are perceived as separate systems, for example,
(20) situations that do involve time. (65) in the overlappings of a fugue. But this condition is
Begin with the simple case of a person walking not easily brought about. Music, as distinguished
toward a goal. We know by now that the perception from painting, where we were able to separate the
of this event involves extrinsic space when the mov- horseman from the bull without much trouble, acts
ing person and the goal are perceived as belonging to strongly as a unified flow, one whose components Q7
(25) different systems so that the diminishing distance (70) are subdivisions of the whole rather than self-con-
between them does not belong to either. As the per- tained subwholes. The voices of a fugue are as tight-
son moves, person and goal approach spatial coinci- ly integrated in their musical flow as shingles on a
Q3 dence in extrinsic space. Our event also consumes roof. They resist emancipation. Music pours forth Q8
clock time, let us say twenty seconds, but perceptual- like a waterfall so that ritardandos and accelerandos
(30) ly it will involve time only if we ask, “Will he reach (75) are perceived as properties inherent in the music’s
his goal in time?” Let us assume a man is running to behavior. The standard speed from which slowing
board a subway train before the doors close. In that down or speeding up is heard to deviate, like the reg-
case, the visible, spatial goal is invested with a sec- ular beat that syncopations distort, is commonly
19
perceived not as an external standard, but as a struc- 3 The fourth sentence of the second paragraph (lines
(80) tural norm inherent in the music itself, its heartbeat, 28–30) is meant to explain
Q9 as it were — similar to the vertical orientation from
(A) the definition of art and beauty
which the leaning tower deviates and which can be
(B) when time will actually be perceived
perceived as a virtual property of the tower itself.
(C) the belief that time cannot really be measured
Yet it seems inappropriate to say that these musi-
(D) the difference between the person and the goal
(85) cal events occur in intrinsic time. They are experi-
Q10 enced as sequential, of course, but the sequence is no (E) why the person might be late for his goal
more temporal than the dancer’s leap. The music,
like the dancer’s action, cannot be said to arrive out 4 Which of the following best explains how music can
of the future and move through the present into the help us to recognize extrinsic time?
(90) past. It occurs in “musical space,” a medium whose (A) By helping us to lose ourselves in the
particular perceptual qualities have been discussed in experience.
writings on the psychology of music. Here again, (B) By forcing us to notice the fugue as a whole.
intrinsic time does not seem to exist. (C) By lulling us almost to sleep.
Musical experiences involving extrinsic time are (D) By forcing us to notice time by deliberately
(95) clearly different. The most radical examples are disrupting melody.
Q4 found in some modern music, where the continuity (E) By involving other media, like dancing and
of the melodic flow is deliberately fractured so that film.
even short intervals are strong enough to turn ele-
ments into self-contained, often point-sized systems. 5 The author brings up film (lines 41–44) as an
(100) Time is called upon as the only substratum in which example of how
the fragments can organize. Accordingly the listener (A) time can never be accurately measured
experiences “waiting for the next tone.” (B) watching a rocket launch can be more visual
than spatial
1 The author’s description of music supports the idea (C) the distortion of the passing of time can make
that a situation more suspenseful
(A) music exists in intrinsic time (D) the ticking of a clock can irritate the listener
(B) music is a superior art form to painting or film (E) to help define the term “deadline”
(C) modern music is not perceived in aesthetic
terms 6 According to the author, watching two men
(D) music does not involve time approaching each other to shake hands (lines 57–58)
(E) music does involve the perception of time in differs from watching a kettle that won’t boil (lines
some form 44–46) in that
(A) it is not accompanied by the ticking of a clock
2 In line 3, the word “behavior” probably means (B) we perceive it taking place in space, not time
(A) attitude (C) time is perceived differently by each man

(B) measurements (D) there is more suspense involved
(C) acceleration (E) it is a relation between two independent
(D) demeanor systems
(E) activity
Crossing Out. Advise students to cross out choices they’ve mentally eliminated, so they don’t acciden-
tally choose them. If students can’t write in the test booklet, they should use scratch paper to list the
answer choice letters and cross them out.
20
7 The author refers to music’s “unified flow” (line 69) 10 The passage implies that music is similar to a
in order to dancer’s leap (lines 85–90) in that
(A) differentiate it from other forms of art, like (A) they are similar to film
painting (B) the audience reacts similarly to both
(B) describe a condition of timelessness (C) their sequences are not related to time
(C) explain the overlappings of a fugue (D) they are identical
(D) demonstrate extrinsic time (E) they both rely on the quality of the
(E) compare music to bull-fighting performance
8 The author uses the phrase “shingles on a roof” 11 The author’s tone toward modern music can best be
(lines 72–73) to illustrate described as
(A) how the separate voices of a fugue come (A) disdainful
together to form a whole (B) objective
(B) how the audience reacts (C) enthusiastic
(C) the speed in which music is perceived (D) indifferent
(D) the disparity between music and painting (E) argumentative
(E) the freedom of the voices in a fugue
9 It can be inferred from the passage that the leaning

tower (lines 76–83) is analogous to
(A) music
(B) painting
(C) film
(D) a boiling kettle
(E) a handshake
Focus. Some students may find themselves daydreaming during the test, and others will be very anxious.
Advise students to relax, take a deep breath, and then refocus. Forcing themselves to “get back to
work!” can be counterproductive, resulting in a larger distraction.
21
SAT II Writing Practice 1
Directions: The following sentences test your knowledge of grammar, usage, diction (choice of words),
and idiom.
Some sentences are correct.
No sentence contains more than one error.
You will find that the error, if there is one, is underlined and lettered. Elements of the sentence that
are not underlined will not be changed. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard
written English.
If there is an error, select the one underlined part that must be changed to make the sentence
correct. If there is no error, select answer choice E.
1. Jenny realized that her dad was more likely to 5. Taking up to three hours to start working, the
A B A
extend her curfew if she did the dishes as if medicine the doctor prescribed was still the
C D B
she took out the garbage. No Error much stronger of the drugs that Arthur
E C
had taken. No Error
2. The caterer has a lot to accomplish before D E
A
tomorrow’s wedding — preparing the appetizers, 6. When you first arrive in London, you are struck by
B C A B
decorating the cake, and she has to bring in all the number of different English dialects there are
D C
of the chairs. No Error and then one remembers that the same is true in
E D
the United States. No Error
3. Diego was new to the Internet, and had E
A

hardly never sent an email, much less visited 7. A number of the people that were attending the
B C D A
a Web site. No Error chemistry lecture found the material covered so
E
complicated that they were confused
4. The band seemed nervous at first, but soon it B C
A B C within the first five minutes. No Error
became comfortable at the new venue, and really D E
pleased the crowd. No Error

D E
22
8. Contrary to popular belief, many people with 14. College freshmen, already plagued with so many
A A
carpal tunnel syndrome does not get it from using choices, are usually discouraged from choosing
B C B
computers; the syndrome is caused by any repetitive majors until after their sophomore years. No Error
D C D E
motion. No Error
E 15. Much to her patient’s dismay, Dr. Jackson had no
A B
9. Marathon running is a physically challenging choice but to proscribe a drug that could cause a
A B C D
activity and an excellent way to improve number of side effects. No Error
C D E
cardiovascular endurance. No Error
E 16. Hawkins elected to drive his car too slow because of
A B
10. From 1972 through 1988 Mrs. Alvarez, who’s now the decreased visibility on that stormy night. No Error
A B C D E
a computer programmer, worked as an architect;
17. Fans of Hayes’ best-selling memoir are concerned that
however, she also will be trained as an emergency A
C D a Hollywood screenwriter’s version will make the
medical technician in 1985. No Error B C
E story about as believable as a daytime soap opera.
D
11. The student jury have looked at the evidence No Error
A E
against the fraternities, and it decided to drop the
B C 18. The manager chose to communicate solely by memo,
case against them. No Error A
D E and therefore he was oblivious to the potential for
B
12. Though Mr. Sikes was the senior member of the to misunderstand in which the lack of face-to-face
A C
board, his motion was voted down because contact could result. No Error
D E
it was decided that the project he was proposing
B 19. The works of a famous artist have been locked

would take an indistinct amount of time. No Error A
C D E away in a private collection, thereby preventing
B
13. Though they both attended the same training many to appreciate her genius. No Error
A C D E
program, Ms. Sesna was more proficient at using
B C 20. The chief financial officer spoke with shareholders
the accounting program than Mr. Blake. No Error A
D E on several occasions so that their resignation
B C
wouldn’t surprise anyone. No Error
D E
23
Directions: The following sentences test correctness and effectiveness of expression. In choosing
answers, follow the requirements of standard written English; that is, pay attention to
grammar, choice of words, sentence construction, and punctuation.
In each of the following sentences, part of the sentence or the entire sentence is underlined.
Beneath each sentence you will find five ways of phrasing the underlined part. Choice A repeats the
original; the other four are different.
Choose the answer that best expresses the meaning of the original sentence. If you think the original
is better than any of the alternatives, choose it; otherwise choose one of the others. Your choice
should produce the most effective sentence — clear and precise, without awkwardness or ambiguity.
21. The dark, rich hot fudge sauce melting Maria’s 23. People tend to be afraid of spiders, but ants, gnats,
two scoops of pistachio ice cream. and mosquitos tend to cause a lesser total fear
(A) The dark, rich hot fudge sauce melting among the general populace.
(B) The hot fudge sauce with its rich darkness (A) cause a lesser total fear among the general
having melted populace
(C) The dark, rich hot fudge sauce being melted (B) lessen the fear among the general populace
totally
(D) It’s the dark, rich hot fudge sauce melting
(C) frighten fewer people
(E) The dark, rich hot fudge sauce melted
(D) generally lessen the fear among people
(E) generally frighten most of the populace
22. The newspaper wrote that the musical received a
mixed response; while much of the audience
seemed to enjoy the singing, most of the dislike 24. Possessing great hand-to-eye coordination, the
was with the dancing, which the paper compared coach told Kendra that she could be a talented bas-
to a horse’s gallop. ketball player someday.
(A) the dislike was with the dancing, (A) Possessing great hand-to-eye coordination,
(B) the dislike of the dancing, the coach told Kendra
(C) they dislike the dance, (B) The coach who told Kendra who possesses
great hand-to-eye coordination
(D) them disliked the dancing,
(C) Kendra’s talent for hand-to-eye coordination
(E) disliking the dancing, caused her to be told by the coach

(D) Because Kendra possessed great hand-to-eye
coordination, the coach told her
(E) Based on her possessing substantial hand-to-
eye coordination, Kendra was told by the
Read the Directions. Advise students to read the coach
directions for each section of the test carefully if
they have not practiced on actual tests. If they
have taken many practice tests, they should sim-
ply skim the directions to prepare for the task at
hand.
24
25. Though Winford exercised every morning before 27. Barello thought she was doing a satisfactory job,
work, climbing a mountain was difficult, and it her boss disagreed and unceremoniously fired her.
was a level of necessary exertion not prepared for (A) her
by him.
(B) and her
(A) climbing a mountain was difficult, and it was
a level of necessary exertion not prepared for (C) but her
by him (D) therefore her
(B) to climb a mountain was a level of exertion, (E) that her
he was not necessarily prepared for
(C) climbing a mountain was a level of necessary 28. The idea that people who are prone to ulcers
exertion for him that he did not prepare for always have passive personalities and little self-
(D) he was not prepared for exerting necessary respect was popular up until recently.
preparation for climbing a mountain (A) The idea that people who are prone to ulcers
(E) he was not prepared for the level of exertion always have passive personalities and little
necessary to climb a mountain self-respect was popular up until recently.
(B) The idea that was popular about people who
26. Carol, who’s usually afraid of the dentist, was are prone to ulcers up until recently was that
calm, even as he readied the drill. of them having passive personalities and little
self-respect.
(A) Carol, who’s usually afraid of the dentist, was
(C) Up until recently, they had a popular idea that
(B) Carol is usually afraid of the dentist, she was people who were prone to ulcers had passive
(C) Carol who usually had been afraid of the den- personalities and little self-respect.
tist was (D) Popular as an idea up until recently was that
(D) Carol, because she is usually afraid of the people who are prone to ulcers were to have
dentist, was passive personalities and little self-respect.
(E) Carol is usually afraid of the dentist, and she (E) That people who are prone to ulcers have
was passive personalities, and little self-respect
was popular until recently.
The “Best” Answer is Sometimes Just the “Least Wrong.” Advise students that sometimes none of the
answer choices will seem right. In these cases, they should eliminate the worst choices. The one they
have left is the “least wrong.”
25
29. Quan was disappointed to learn that the assistant 32. People are surprised by Faison’s bluntness they
editor’s job actually involved answering phone sometimes mistake it for mean-spiritedness.
calls and e-mail as well as to edit. (A) by Faison’s bluntness they sometimes
(A) as well as to edit mistake it for mean-spiritedness
(B) actually editing (B) by Faison’s bluntness; they sometimes
(C) and to have to edit mistake it for mean-spiritedness
(D) as well as editing (C) by sometimes mistaking Faison’s bluntness,
for mean-spiritedness
(E) combined with editing
(D) and that Faison’s bluntness, sometimes being
mistaken for mean-spiritedness
30. For most successful race-car drivers, simply driv- (E) by Faison’s bluntness, mistaking it sometimes
ing fast is a less successful approach than driving as mean-spiritedness
intelligently.
(A) simply driving fast is a less successful
approach 33. Last year Newton celebrated its 150th anniversary,
commemorating the town’s first mayor during the
(B) simply having speed is a less successful ceremonies.
approach
(A) commemorating the town’s first mayor dur-
(C) there is simply less success in the approach ing the ceremonies
of having speed
(B) with the commemorating of the town’s first
(D) the fast approach has much less simple mayor while they conducted the ceremonies
success
(C) while they conducted the final ceremonial
(E) simply to be fast is a less successful approach commemorations for the first mayor
(D) to commemorate the first mayor during the
31. In an attempt to fill flights to capacity, airlines final ceremonies
occasionally overbook, hence they risk leaving (E) to conduct the final ceremonies while the first
some passengers without a seat. mayor commemorated them
(A) overbook, hence they risk leaving some
passengers without a seat
34. The Internet is a popular source of information for
(B) overbook and engage in the practice, and risk researchers; that information, however, is not
passenger seating always completely accurate.
(C) overbook, and hence they risk leaving some (A) researchers; that information, however,
passengers without a seat

(B) researchers, for the information, however
(D) overbook; and risk leaving some passengers
without a seat (C) researchers; however, being that the
information
(E) are overbooking passenger seating and it is
risky, when the practice is engaged in (D) researchers, which has information that
(E) researchers, but information that
26
35. Usually a cranky old hound, Overton did seem to 37. Because he possessed both efficiency and attention
like children more than anyone expected; coming to detail, the noticing of Stern by his boss hap-
over to lick their faces during the birthday party. pened right away, and he was swiftly promoted
(A) expected; coming over to lick before anyone else in his department.
(B) expected; he even came over to lick (A) the noticing of Stern by his boss happened
right away,
(C) expected: he came to lick
(B) Stern was noticed by his boss right away,
(D) expected: among the things he did was lick-
ing (C) noticed by his boss right away, Stern
(E) expected and so he had licked (D) his boss noticed Stern right away,
(E) Stern’s being noticed by his boss right away
36. The mobile phone allowed Stan to call a tow truck

when his car broke down, and he could check in 38. In the dedication of his book, Carter finally told
with his family to tell them he would be late. his mother that he loved her, a feeling that was
(A) and he could check in mutual.
(B) as well as checking in (A) a feeling that was mutual
(C) so he could check in (B) that was a mutuality in feeling
(D) and the checking in (C) this being something mutual in feeling
(E) and to check in (D) a feeling that is being mutual
(E) which is a feeling very mutual
Test Breaks. Let students know that if they have a chance to take a break or get up from their desks dur-
ing a test, they should take it. Getting up and moving around will help clear their minds.
27
Directions: The following passages are early drafts of student essays. Some parts of the passages
need to be rewritten.
Read the passages and answer the questions that follow. Some questions are about particular
sentences or parts of sentences and ask you to make decisions about sentence structure, word
choice, and usage. Other questions refer to the entire essay or parts of the essay and ask you to
consider organization, development, and appropriateness of language. Choose the answer that most
effectively expresses the meaning and follows the requirements of standard written English.
Questions 1–6 are based on the following passage. 1. Which of the following is the best way to revise
the underlined portions of sentences 2 and 3
(reproduced below) to make them into one sen-
(1) When you’re a teenager, all you hear is how
tence?
lazy you are. (2) Turn on the TV and you’ll see all these
adults complaining about the “kids today.” (3) How we Turn on the TV and you’ll see all these adults com-
don’t have it as hard as they did. plaining about the “kids today.” How we don’t
have it as hard as they did.
(4) You know, this sort of thing really burns me up.
(5) I am taking all accelerated classes in school, includ- (A) about the “kids today,” but we don’t
ing physics. (6) I’m on the soccer team and the school (B) about how “kids today” don’t
newspaper. (7) I do all of my homework. (8) I also hold
down two jobs. (9) After school, I work as a cashier (C) about “kids today,” seeing as how we don’t
three afternoons a week at the bookstore, and on week- (D) about the “kids today,” but now how we don’t
ends I waitress at the country club. (10) Sometimes I (E) about us “kids today,” while we don’t
baby-sit my little brother, too.
(11) I’m saving up for college. (12) My mother 2. In the context of the second paragraph, which of
thinks I should pay for part of it, because she paid for these revisions of sentence 4 is most needed?
her education. (13) So, here I am, with hardly any time
(A) Insert “I just have to say” at the beginning.
for a social life, working and studying almost all the

time, and just when I get a second to turn on the televi- (B) Omit the words “sort of”.
sion and relax for a while, I hear these two old guys (C) Omit the words “You know”.
lamenting my generation, saying we don’t have any (D) Replace the comma with a semicolon.
goals. (14) Well, I have goals. (15) I’m going to be a
lawyer some day. (16) Even if they knew how hard some (E) Replace “burns” with “burned”.
people my age work everyday, I bet they didn’t mention
it.
(17) I’m not trying to feel sorry for myself, or any-

thing, and I don’t mean to sound bitter. (18) I’m just
saying that there are a lot of teenagers out there like me,
who work really hard every day, and who deserve a lit-
tle recognition.
28
3. Which of the following is the best way to combine 5. Which of the following is the best revision of the
sentences 6 and 7 (reproduced below)? underlined portion of sentence 16 (reproduced
below)?
I’m on the soccer team and the school newspaper.
I do all of my homework. Even if they knew how hard some people my age
work everyday, I bet they didn’t mention it.
(A) While I’m on the soccer team and the school
newspaper, I have to do all of my homework. (A) everyday, I bet they didn’t mention it
(B) Even though I’m on the soccer team and the
school newspaper, I still always manage to do (B) everyday; I bet they didn’t mention that
all of my homework.
(C) I’m on the soccer team and the school (C) everyday, why wouldn’t they mention it
newspaper, but I have to do all of my
homework. (D) everyday, I bet they wouldn’t mention it
(D) I’m on the soccer team and the school
newspaper; I have to do all of my homework. (E) everyday, they’re not mentioning it
(E) Despite being on the soccer team, I have to
do all of my homework, along with working 6. All of the following strategies are used by the
on the school newspaper. essay’s author EXCEPT
(A) using casual speech to evoke familiarity
4. Which of the following is the best revision of sen- (B) listing examples
tence 11 (reproduced below)?
(C) creating suspense by not revealing her opin-
I’m saving up for college. ion till the end
(D) attacking her opponents
(A) (As it is now)
(E) using her experience to persuade others
(B) Because I’m saving for college.
(C) The reason being that I’m saving up for
college.
(D) The reason I’m working so much is that I’m
saving up for college.
(E) The money is being saved by me for college.
29
Questions 7–12 are based on the following passage. 7. Which of the following is the best way to revise
the underlined portion of sentence 2 (reproduced
below)?
(1) If you go to the doctor because you have a
head cold you can’t shake, she may prescribe an antibi- Curing head colds that sometimes infect us, it is
otic for you. (2) Curing head colds that sometimes infect significant to note that antibotics may not be the
us, it is significant to note that antibotics may not be the most effective medicine since head colds are
most effective medicine since head colds are caused by caused by viruses, not bacteria.
viruses, not bacteria.
(A) Curing head colds that sometimes infect us,
(3) This is an example of what some people call the significant things may be to
the “Western” approach to medicine. (4) “Western” (B) Infected by head colds, doctors should
physicians, are trained to prescribe medicine in
response to an illness. (5) In some other parts of the (C) Infecting us all with head colds, doctors may
world, doctors are more likely to think about preventive (D) Since we all catch head colds on occasion,
medicine. (6) They look at the body as a whole, not so it is significant to
much as a bunch of parts that sometimes become defec- (E) We are sometimes infected by head colds, it
tive. (7) They might prescribe the active ingredient in is significant that
natural garlic; cheap and available at any health food
store, it has been shown in studies to be helpful in pre-
venting heart disease with no side effects. (8) In this 8. In order to connect sentence 4 to the rest of the
part of the world, someone with heart disease would paragraph, which is the best word or phrase to
most often be treated by less organic, more expensive insert after “physicians,” in sentence 4 (repro-
means. duced below)?
(9) Many people take supplements seriously, and “Western” physicians, are trained to prescribe
some researchers are beginning to take them seriously medicine in response to an illness.
too. (10) Furthermore, some doctors have begun to
study them in Western medical schools. (11) What if (A) as well,
alternative medicine were to become a standard part of (B) in most cases,
the medical school curriculum? (12) The truth is, herbs, (C) even heart surgeons,
vitamins, and minerals have been found to be effective
in treating many things. (13) They are usually safe when (D) however,
taken correctly, and patients often don’t need health (E) nevertheless,
insurance to be able to afford them.
(14) To the doctors of America, we should learn

more about “alternative” medicine and supplements.
(15) If taken sensibly, they can help millions of people.
30
9. Which of the following would be the best replace- 11. The phrase “treating many things” in sentence 12
ment for “Furthermore,” at the beginning of sen- can be made clearer if rewritten as
tence 10 (reproduced below)? (A) treating several things
Furthermore, some doctors have begun to study (B) using many herbs
them in Western medical schools. (C) supplementing many conditions
(A) Although (D) treating many health conditions
(B) Still, (E) treating many conditions herbally
(C) Recently,
(D) Besides, 12. Which of the following versions of the underlined
(E) Plus, portion of sentence 14 (reproduced below) is best?
To the doctors of America, we should learn more
about “alternative” medicine and supplements.
10. The purpose of sentence 11 is to
(A) give a hypothetical solution to a problem (A) (As it is now)
(B) make readers doubt the effectiveness of natu- (B) You American doctors ought to learn
ral supplements (C) However, the doctors of America, should
(C) give the author an authoritative voice learn
(D) debunk a myth about natural supplements (D) American doctors should learn
(E) reveal the author’s ignorance on the topic (E) Doctors in America, we ought to learn
Don’t Think Too Much. Many standardized test questions look more complicated than they really are.
Advise students that if they find themselves having to do a great deal of work to answer a question, they
should take a second look and consider whether there might be a simpler way to find the answer.
31
Directions: The following sentences test your knowledge of grammar, usage, diction (choice of words),
and idiom.
Some sentences are correct.
No sentence contains more than one error.
You will find that the error, if there is one, is underlined and lettered. Elements of the sentence that
are not underlined will not be changed. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard
written English.
If there is an error, select the one underlined part that must be changed to make the sentence
correct. If there is no error, select answer choice E.
13. Professor O’Donnell surmised that his students 17. On a baseball team the manager usually decides
A
will form study groups, so he started assigning the before the game which one of his second-string
A B B
outside reading chapters in the supplementary text players are best suited to face a certain pitcher.
C C D
accordingly. No Error No Error
D E E
14. Included in the critical review is many references 18. Morgan’s recipe for oatmeal cookies
A B
to the filmmaker’s immature technique of shooting sweetened with fruit juice was so popular with her
C A B
close-ups for all emotional scenes. No Error kids that they hardly had no complaints about
D E C
the lack of sugar. No Error
15. Though Greenland is the largest island in the world D E
A
and has home rule, Denmark makes decisions 19. In order to round out a menu that already has too
A
about their external affairs and gives it two seats in many meat dishes, neither pork nor chicken is to
B C D B C

the Danish national assembly. No Error be served at tonight’s special dinner. No Error
E D E
16. The first thing to do when opening any new business 20. The comedy routine performed by Higgins
A A
that requires filing with the planning and zoning was much more sarcastic and much less successful
B C B C
commission is to procure the proper forms from than Gruber. No Error
D D E
them. No Error
E
32
21. Some myths are inspired to real events, while 22. The remote town of Grovers Bluff, though
A B
others are devices for explaining things hard to reach by anything other than an all-terrain
C A B
we don’t yet understand. No Error vehicle, became famous for their delicious maple
D E C
candy and New England hospitality. No Error
D E
END OF TEST
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON EITHER
PART OF THIS TEST.
33
What Do I Need to Know About the ACT Reading Test?
Structure of the Test

The ACT Reading Test has been developed to test your level of reading compre-
hension. The test presents you with four reading passages, one each of four specific
types. These types are the following:
Prose Fiction short stories or excerpts from short stories or novels

Social Science history, political science, psychology, or anything else you might
learn about in a social studies class at school
Humanities art, dance, theater, music, television, film, literary criticism, etc.
Natural Science biology, astronomy, chemistry, and anything else you might study
in a science class at school
Each of the four passages is followed by 10 multiple choice questions. You are
given 35 minutes to complete the ACT Reading Test. Unlike other standardized tests, the
ACT has no penalty for wrong answers.
Pacing
The ACT is designed to make you feel pressured to finish it. However, learning
more about the structure of the test can help you avoid that pressure. For instance, from
the beginning of the Reading Test to the end, there is no trend in the difficulty of ques-
tions; there are difficult ones and easy ones throughout. So don’t spend time trying to
pick out the easiest questions, and don’t get stuck on hard questions. Move on quickly if
you feel that one particular question is taking too much of your time.
Although you want to get as many points as possible, you need to be realistic
about how much you can actually read and understand in the limited time available. It is
better to focus on only three of the essays and answer their questions correctly, than to
spread your attention over four essays and answer fewer questions correctly for each
one.
When taking the ACT Reading Test you should try to be calm but alert. Use your
common sense, and do not be distracted by ideas that you know are not true, no matter
how nicely they are written. Remember that the best answer choices can always be sup-

ported by something in the passage.
Take control of your time during the test; don’t allow pressure to control your
work. With practice, you will be well prepared to work to your fullest potential on the
ACT Reading Test.
Guessing and Using the Process of Elimination

Since your time is limited and you will lose nothing if you answer questions
incorrectly, it is good to get into the habit of guessing on those answers you are not sure
about or do not have time to really study. You should do this even if you are not used to
guessing on tests. In fact, you should fill in an answer for every question on the test. You
have nothing to lose, only points to gain!
34
Crossing out wrong answers through the process of elimination is especially use-
ful on the ACT Reading Test. Even if the correct answer to a question is not obvious to
you, you can work on eliminating as many wrong answers as possible, and then guess
from among what’s left. We will later discuss how to identify some wrong answers.
Students often ask, “Which type of reading passage is the easiest?” The answer to
that question is, “Whichever is easiest for you.” Everything you need to know to answer
the questions is in the passages, but if you’re too bored to read the passage, or if the
subject is so unfamiliar that you have trouble following it, then you will have a difficult
time. Look at all four passages and decide which topics will be easiest as quickly as you
can, and start with those.
Reading the Passages

Because of the time constraints of the ACT Reading test, it is smart to approach it
differently from how you have approached other tests in school. For instance, it is not
always a good idea to read the passage from beginning to end, the way you may be used
to doing. It takes too much time, and it’s not really necessary. You don’t get any points
for reading the passage well. You only get points for answering questions correctly.
Before reading the questions, skim the passage to find the main idea. First, read
the blurb (the short, introductory piece that always precedes the passage). Sometimes
the blurb alone provides you with the main idea. At the very least, it tells you the topic
of the passage and other useful information. Then quickly look over the passage, stop-
ping to focus on the first sentence of each paragraph, as they frequently contain good
summarizing information. As you skim, just try to get an idea of the subject matter,
point of view, and tone of the piece.
When you are done skimming, begin working on the questions. There are two
basic types of questions, detail questions and general questions. The majority of ques-
tions on the Reading Test are detail questions.
Answering Detail Questions

Detail questions ask you for specific information from the passage. The answer to
every detail question is written somewhere in the passage. There are several things you
can do to help narrow your search for the details you need. For one thing, questions fre-
quently refer to the line number of a sentence. If you start a few lines above the line that
is referenced and read a few lines past it, you will find the answer to your question.
Sometimes no line number is given, but particular words in the question can help lead
you to the area of the passage you need to read.
As we have stated before, it is often easier to eliminate bad answer choices than to
search for “best” ones. The wrong answer choices on the test are frequently written to
confuse or distract you in particular ways.
Eliminate answer choices that make extreme statements. For instance, “Everyone
believes Picasso was the greatest painter that ever lived.” As famous as Picasso was and
is, no doubt there is someone in the world that likes some other painter better. Thus, that
answer is not likely to be correct.
35
Other wrong answers may use textbook-sounding language to state the exact
opposite of the facts in the passage. Another kind of wrong answer may be a true state-
ment that does not respond at all to what the question was asking in the first place. The
writers of the test are trying to make the wrong answers seem more attractive because
the way they are written “sounds” like one of your textbooks. Use your common sense
and don’t be swayed by fancy language.
Answering General Questions

General questions ask you about the main theme of the passage, and other ideas
(not facts) put forth in the passage, as well as the author’s general attitude or tone. The
answers to general questions are not written out in one specific place in the passage.
However, after reading the blurb, skimming the passage, and reading sections of the pas-
sage carefully in search of the answers to detail questions, you will have accumulated
enough knowledge and understanding of the ideas of the passage to answer general
questions.
You must now try to identify wrong answer choices to general questions. Again,
there will be distractors in the wrong answer choices. The best way to spot wrong
answer choices to general questions is to look for the choices that make statements that
are too large or too small in scope. They may suggest a main theme that would be far
too encompassing to be covered in an 800-word reading passage, or one that would
cover only one of the paragraphs of the passage.
36
What Do I Need to Know About the ACT English Test?
Structure of the Test

The ACT English Test is a 45-minute test consisting of five passages, each fol-
lowed by roughly 15 questions. There is always a total of 75 questions. The passage top-
ics can be about almost anything, from a famous person to a personal reflection, but all
essays contain parts that need to be revised. The questions ask you how to rewrite in
standard written English, which is probably more formal than the language you use in
casual conversation.
The questions on the English Test fall into two types. Usage/Mechanics questions
test punctuation, grammar and usage, and sentence structure. Rhetorical Skills questions
test you on writing strategy, organization, and style. These two question types are mixed
together after the passages. You will get a total score based on all 75 questions and a
subscore for each of the two question types.
Pacing
Five passages in 45 minutes works out to nine minutes per passage. That should
give you an idea of how to pace yourself. Since you are not penalized for incorrect
answers on the ACT, you should use the last few minutes to fill in answers to all of the
questions you did not have time to get to.
You can do the questions in any order you like. If you find that you are better at
the Usage/Mechanics questions, or if you can answer them more quickly, then do those
questions first and tackle the Rhetorical Skills questions later.
Whatever you do, make sure you fill in your answer sheet appropriately. Some
students find it helpful to answer all of the questions pertaining to a passage in the test
booklet first, and then transfer their answers to the answer sheet all at once. Others like
to fill in the answer sheet one question at a time. Take at least one practice test so you
know which method works better for you.
Guessing and Using the Process of Elimination

Since the ACT English Test questions are all multiple-choice, you can use the
process of elimination on all of the questions. And because you are not penalized for
guessing, you should fill in every space on your answer sheet. However, you want to get
as many points as you can, so you will need to guess aggressively on the questions that
you find tricky. It is often easier to find wrong answers and eliminate them than to find
the best answer right away. If you can eliminate one answer choice, your odds of guess-
1
ing correctly increase from 25 percent to 33 3 percent. If you can eliminate two answer
choices, you have a 50-50 chance of guessing correctly, which are very good odds for a
multiple-choice test.
37
Passages
The five passages cover many different topics and use many different writing
styles. Some will be formal essays written in the third person, which read like parts of
textbooks. Others will be first-person narratives or anecdotes, which will be written
more casually. You should use the passage’s topic and writing style to help you answer
the questions, especially the questions that ask you to maintain the consistency of style
in the passage. For example, if the passage is about the causes of global warming, you
do not want to add a casual expression as an interjection. But that same casual expres-
sion may be fine for a passage about how someone spent her summer vacation.
Usage/Mechanics Questions
The Usage/Mechanics questions always refer to a portion of the passage that is
underlined (the number under the underlined portion refers to the number of the ques-
tion that will ask about it). Make sure you read the actual question (when there is one)
and not just the underlined portion of a passage. The question will guide you toward the
best answer choice.
It helps to figure out what the error is before looking at the answer choices; other-
wise, the choices can distract you. Your choices usually include NO CHANGE. If you
do not think there is anything incorrect in the underlined portion the question refers to,
pick the letter that corresponds with NO CHANGE. If you know what the error is, you
can automatically eliminate the letter that corresponds with NO CHANGE (if it is an
answer choice for that question), and any other choices that do not fix that error. You
can also eliminate choices that add new errors, or make the sentence worse than it was
originally. This process should greatly narrow down the choices.
If you are not sure what the error in the underlined portion is, but you know there
is an error, you can substitute the answer choices for the underlined portion until you
find the one that makes the most sense. You can also examine the answer choices,
looking at the differences between them. These differences can teach you a lot about
what type of error is being tested.
Take a look at the following example.
Steel skeleton construction, the

introduction of the hydraulic elevator,
and then the electric elevator
allowed buildings rose taller and taller
S1 S1. A. NO CHANGE
throughout the 19th and early 20th
centuries. B. allowing buildings to rise
taller and taller
C. allowed buildings to rise

taller and taller
D. to allow buildings rising

taller and taller
38
Obviously, there is something wrong with the sentence as it’s written. Even if
you’re not sure what exactly the problem is, simply knowing something is wrong allows
you to eliminate answer choice A. Next, try substituting answer choice B in place of the
underlined section. The sentence would then read: “Steel skeleton construction, the
introduction of the hydraulic elevator, and then the electric elevator allowing buildings
to rise taller and taller throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries.” This substitution
does not create a complete sentence. There is no verb, and so answer choice B must be
incorrect. Again, you don’t need to know what is technically wrong with the sentence;
it is enough to know that the change creates a sentence construction that does not make
sense.
However, if we substitute answer choice C in place of the underlined section, the

sentence will read: “Steel skeleton construction, the introduction of the hydraulic eleva-
tor, and then the electric elevator allowed buildings to rise taller and taller throughout
the 19th and early 20th centuries.” Since there is nothing awkward about this sentence
construction and it does not imply anything obviously incorrect, this must be the correct
answer.
Rhetorical Skills Questions

The Rhetorical Skills questions may refer to underlined portions of the passage, or
they may ask about a section or paragraph of the passage, or the passage as a whole.
You may be asked to reorder sentences or paragraphs in the passage, or to assess
whether a sentence is accomplishing its task. These questions are often indicated by a
number in a box located in the passage. The number refers to the question that will ask
about adding or fixing something in that location.
Some students find it useful to skim through the passage and questions before
working on the questions, which is especially helpful for the Rhetorical Skills questions
that involve organization and writing strategy. For example, if you see a question about
the order of paragraphs in the passage, or the order of sentences in a paragraph, you
should do that question first. If you do, you can be sure that the passage will be ordered
logically from then on, which will make it easier to answer some of the other questions.
Additional Strategies
For both Usage/Mechanics and Rhetorical Skills question types, it is a good idea
to read a little before and a little after the sentence in the passage to which a question
refers. That way you are sure to understand what the author is attempting to say, which
will help you answer the question.
If you are still having trouble determining the answer to a question, do not spend
too much time on it. There are 75 questions in this section, and if you spend too much
time on one, you will be taking away time from the others. Just put a mark next to that
question in your test booklet. If you still have time later, you can revisit it. During the
last minute or two of the section, just fill in answers for the rest of the questions. You
will not be penalized for guessing, and you most likely will increase your score.
39
ACT Reading Practice
READING TEST
35 Minutes—40 Questions
DIRECTIONS: There are four passages in this test. Each
passage is followed by several questions. After reading a
passage, choose the best answer to each question. You
may refer to the passages as often as necessary.
Passage I “Is it indeed? I didn’t know there was a magnolia

there,” said Mrs. Sampson, carelessly. Mrs. Manstey Q2
PROSE FICTION: This passage is from “Mrs. Manstey’s
looked at her; she did not know that there was a magnolia
View,” a short story by Edith Wharton, from The Early Fiction of
Edith Wharton (first published in Scribner’s Magazine July,
40 in the next yard!
1891.) “By the way,” Mrs. Sampson continued, “speaking of
Mrs. Black reminds me that the work on the extension is
Mrs. Manstey, in the long hours which she spent at her
to begin next week.”
window, was not idle. She read a little, and knitted num-
berless stockings; but the view surrounded and shaped her “The what?” it was Mrs. Manstey’s turn to ask.
life as the sea does a lonely island. When her rare callers
45 “The extension,” said Mrs. Sampson, nodding her head
5 came it was difficult for her to detach herself from the con-
in the direction of the ignored magnolia. “You knew, of
templation of the opposite window-washing, or the
course, that Mrs. Black was going to build an extension to
scrutiny of certain green points in a neighboring flower-
her house? Yes, ma’am. I hear it is to run right back to the
bed which might, or might not, turn into hyacinths, while
end of the yard. How she can afford to build an extension
she feigned an interest in her visitor’s anecdotes about
50 in these hard times I don’t see; but she always was crazy Q5
10 some unknown grandchild. Mrs. Manstey’s real friends
about building. She used to keep a boarding-house in
Q8 were the denizens of the yards, the hyacinths, the magno-
Seventeenth Street, and she nearly ruined herself then by
lia, the green parrot, the maid who fed the cats, the doctor
sticking out bow-windows and what not; I should have
who studied late behind his mustard-colored curtains; and
thought that would have cured her of building, but I guess
the confidant of her tender musings was the church-spire
55 it’s a disease, like drink. Anyhow, the work is to begin on
15 floating in the sunset.
Monday.”
One April day, as she sat in her usual place, with knit-
Mrs. Manstey had grown pale. She always spoke
ting cast aside and eyes fixed on the blue sky mottled with
slowly, so the landlady did not heed the long pause which
round clouds, a knock at the door announced the entrance
followed. At last Mrs. Manstey said: “Do you know how
of her landlady. Mrs. Manstey did not care for her landla-
60 high the extension will be?’
20 dy, but she submitted to her visits with ladylike
resignation. Today, however, it seemed harder than usual “That’s the most absurd part of it. The extension is to
to turn from the blue sky and the blossoming magnolia to be built right up to the roof of the main building; now, did
Mrs. Sampson’s unsuggestive face, and Mrs. Manstey was you ever?”
conscious of a distinct effort as she did so.
Mrs. Manstey paused again. “Won’t it be a great

Q1 25 “The magnolia is out earlier than usual this year, Mrs. 65 annoyance to you, Mrs. Sampson?” she asked.
Sampson,” she remarked, yielding to a rare impulse, for
“I should say it would. But there’s no help for it; if
she seldom alluded to the absorbing interest of her life. In
people have got a mind to build extensions there’s no law
the first place it was a topic not likely to appeal to her vis-
to prevent ‘em, that I’m aware of.” Mrs. Manstey, know-
itors and, besides, she lacked the power of expression and
ing this, was silent. “There is no help for it,” Mrs.
30 could not have given utterance to her feelings had she
70 Sampson repeated, “but if I AM a church member, I
wished to.
wouldn’t be so sorry if it ruined Eliza Black. Well, good
“The what, Mrs. Manstey?” inquired the landlady, day, Mrs. Manstey; I’m glad to find you so comfortable.”
glancing about the room as if to find there the explanation
So comfortable—so comfortable! Left to herself the
of Mrs. Manstey’s statement.
old woman turned once more to the window. How lovely
35 “The magnolia in the next yard—in Mrs. Black’s 75 the view was that day! The blue sky with its round clouds
yard,” Mrs. Manstey repeated. shed a brightness over everything; the ailanthus had put on
a tinge of yellow-green, the hyacinths were budding, the
40
magnolia flowers looked more than ever like rosettes 6. Which of the following best summarizes the relationship
carved in alabaster. Soon the wisteria would bloom, then between Mrs. Manstey and Mrs. Sampson as evidenced
80 the horse-chestnut; but not for her. Between her eyes and during their conversation?
them a barrier of brick and mortar would swiftly rise; F. Mrs. Sampson and Mrs. Manstey have few opinions
presently even the spire would disappear, and all her radi- in common.
ant world would be blotted out. Mrs. Manstey sent away G. Mrs. Sampson is trying hard to forge a friendship
untouched the dinner-tray brought to her that evening. She with Mrs. Manstey, but Mrs. Manstey rejects her
85 lingered in the window until the windy sunset died in bat- attempts.
colored dusk; then, going to bed, she lay sleepless all H. Mrs. Manstey and Mrs. Sampson have a warm
night. moment sharing common feelings about a third party.
J. Mrs. Sampson shows her resentment of Mrs.
1. Which flower has Mrs. Manstey noticed blooming earlier Manstey’s life of leisure in her building.
than usual?
A. the magnolia 7. Which of the following is the most descriptive of Mrs.
B. the wisteria Sampson?
C. the hyacinth A. refined
D. the rosette B. judgmental
C. big hearted
2. What surprises Mrs. Manstey during her conversation D. intuitive
with Mrs. Sampson?
F. That Mrs. Black will be coming for a visit soon. 8. Who does Mrs. Manstey believe is among her real
G. That Mrs. Sampson didn’t realize there were flowers friends?
next door. F. Mrs. Black
H. That the hyacinths have not been planted yet. G. the people on 17th Street
J. That she is beginning to feel ill. H. the maid who feeds the cats
J. her landlady
3. It can reasonably be inferred from the passage that Mrs.
Manstey doesn’t want Mrs. Black to build an extension 9. Mrs. Manstey most likely thinks of the view from her win-
because: dow as:
A. she dislikes Mrs. Sampson, who may profit from it. A. a pleasant respite from her daily adventures.
B. it would violate zoning codes. B. a poor substitute for a more typical life of social inter-
C. it would block her view. action.
D. she can’t afford to build one herself. C. a pleasant addition to the flurry of activity in her
home.
4. In terms of the way the passage presents her, the best way D. a comfortable world filled with likeable, engaging
to describe Mrs. Manstey is: characters.
F. slow witted and idle.
G. lonely and angry. 10. It can be reasonably inferred that by the end of the pas-
H. unkind and uncaring. sage, Mrs. Manstey is feeling:
J. well-meaning and watchful.
F. hungry and frightened

G. tired and happy
5. In the ninth paragraph, (lines 45–56) the author suggests H. melancholy and anxious
that Mrs. Black: J. relieved and refreshed
A. is emotionally unstable.
B. considers her predilection for building an illness.
C. has more money than most people in town.
D. is trying her best to take into account the feelings of
others.
41
Passage II Judge Frank M. Johnson ruled that for the first year,
only the first, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth grades would be
SOCIAL SCIENCE: This passage is from “Freedom’s
integrated, and the next year, all of the grades. I was going
Children, Young Civil Rights Activists Tell Their Own Stories”
by Ellen Levine. The following is the personal account of
50 into the ninth grade in the fall of 1964, so I didn’t go that
Arlam Carr about his experiences integrating schools in the first year. I went in 1965 in the tenth grade.
American south of the early 1960’s. (©1993 by Ellen Levine) The year I started at Lanier, the school system said
I remember being very young and going by Lanier they didn’t want us to come the first day. There were thir-
High School. I didn’t understand it was a high school. I teen of us. They told us to come the second day after
just knew it was a school and that it looked pretty. I told 55 classes started. We went to the principal’s office, and they
my mother I wanted to go to that school. She didn’t say divided us into groups and walked us to our homerooms.
5 anything then. I guess it was hard for her to actually tell a We were all in separate classes. We waited until one per-
child who’s four or five, “You can’t go to that school son in the group went into a class. Then we’d go to the
because you’re black.” next class. I was the last.
After the school integration in Little Rock, they started 60 You know how kids are the first days of school—talk-
integrating in different places. In Montgomery, attorney ing a lot, making noise. I was standing outside the door of
10 Fred Gray was trying to get people to bring a lawsuit to my class where the kids couldn’t see me. The principal
integrate the whole school system. When I was in the called the teacher to the door and said, “He’s going to be
eighth grade, my mother said we would do it. Another lady in your homeroom.” When I stepped around the corner and
who had a son also agreed. There was a Methodist minis- 65 the kids saw me, you could have heard a pin drop. The
ter who had a lot of kids. He was going to be a part of it noise was cut just like that.
15 too. When word came out that the suit was going to be I’ll never forget how you could be walking down the
filed to integrate the schools, the Methodist church very hall, and they’d just part. The first time I was a little intim-
abruptly moved that minister to Mississippi. I mean, snap, idated, but then I felt like a king—everybody’s parting the
just like that. 70 waters for the black kids. That’s fine with me. Got no Q18
After they moved the minister, the other lady became problem with that.
20 nervous and said she didn’t want to participate. That left After a while their attitude was, “Well they’re here, we
us. My mom asked me if I still wanted to do it. I said, “Can gotta accept them. We got to go to school, so lets make the
I go to Lanier if I do it?” best of it.” At first the kids that I tended to get friendly
She said, “Yes.” 75 with had parents at Maxwell Air Force base. They had
lived in different parts of the country and had been around
So I said, “Let’s do it.” black kids.
25 The suit was filed on a Thursday. On that Friday, they Senior year I asked this white guy if he’d sign my
had a big article in the paper with my name and address, yearbook. I had known him from the tenth grade on, and
who my parents were—the whole works. There had been 80 we had become pretty good friends. He wrote that at one Q20
bombings of churches and homes in Montgomery. A lot of time he had been a bigot and had hated black people. Now
friends called my mother and said they could come over he realized that people are people, black or white. Meeting
30 and guard our house. My mother told them “No.” me and knowing me had changed him. He ended it by say-
That Friday night after the lawsuit was filed, we starting, “We shall overcome.”

ed getting phone calls. People would say ugly things, or
Q15 hang up. My mother said, “I’m going to watch the news 11. The main theme of the last paragraph is that one of the
until 10:30, and then I’m going to take the phone off the things school desegregation has shown is that:
35 hook. When I get up, I’ll put it back on, but I’m not going A. bigotry is growing in America.
to get up all night long and answer the phone.” B. with proximity comes the potential for empathy.
The only thing we did was my parents moved into my C. in time all prejudices fade.
bedroom because their bedroom was right on the corner. D. friendship can overcome even the greatest divides.
My mother said, “If something happens, it happens. I’m
40 just going to put it in the hands of the Lord.”
Q12 That was 1964, the year after President Kennedy was
killed, and the lawsuit was Arlam Carr v. Montgomery
County Board of Education. I was the lead plaintiff. The
Q14 suit was to desegregate the schools so we could go to what-
45 ever school we wanted. When the ruling came down, we
won. I felt good.
42
12. The author of the passage was named as a plaintiff in the 18. The authors statement that “ ...I felt like a king—every-
lawsuit Arlam Carr v. Montgomery Board of Education body’s parting the waters for the black kids. That’s fine
(lines 41–43) because: with me. Got no problem with that.” Shows Arlam’s abil-
F. he had been singled out for discrimination by the ity not to be:
board. F. disruptive.
G. his family feared violent threats against them. G. intimidated.
H. no other family in the community was willing and H. hypocritical.
able to go to court. J. irrelevant.
J. he was the most deserving academically to go to a
new school. 19. The author shows us that Arlam’s desire to go to Lanier
High School:
13. The author of the passage implies he became friends with I. originated with his mother’s wishes.
the kids who have “parents at Maxwell Air Force base” II. was immediately materialized upon the verdict
because: being delivered in his lawsuit.
A. he was interested in joining the army. III. finally became reality on the second day of his
B. they were more worldly and therefore less prejudiced. sophmore year.
C. it was his favorite place to study. A. I only
D. integration was also just beginning to take place there. B. I and III only
C. I, II, and III
14. In line 44, the word “desegregate” most closely means: D. III only
F. organize.
G. separate out. 20. Arlam’s friend ends his yearbook inscription to Arlam
H. filter in. with the phrase “We shall overcome” most likely to indi-
J. open up. cate that the friend:
F. has been subjected to prejudice as well.
15. The main idea implied in lines 31 to 40 is that Arlam’s G. knows that Arlam can overcome any obstacles he
mother: faces.
A. had an unwavering faith that everything would work H. wants Arlam to know he believes that people of all
out. races can get along.
B. detested those people who made harassing calls. J. is deeply ashamed of his former bigotry.
C. had always insisted on a quiet home after 10:30.
D. refused to make any changes whatsoever in the face of
threats.
16. The author implies that in 1964, in his community, it was

not uncommon for white people to regard black people Answer Choices Can Be Confusing. Suggest
with:
that students try to answer test questions in their
F. antipathy.
own words before looking at the answer choices.
G. prudence.
H. stoicism. They can actually cover the choices while coming
J. ardor. up with their own. This technique works best

with sentence completion and reading comprehen-
17. According to the passage, the author would probably agree sion questions.
that despite the difficulties involved in desegregating
Lanier:
A. it had no real effect on people’s attitudes about
racism.
B. it wasn’t worth putting a child’s life in danger.
C. highly public lawsuits always have their advantages.
D. integrated schooling was an important step toward
ending racial prejudice.
43
Passage III Mars) and of the comets. Halley’s intuition had been right.
The orbits and periods of comets are changed by the plan-
NATURAL SCIENCE: This passage is from “The Mystery of
ets. Practically speaking, however, the theory and
Comets” by Fred L. Whipple (©1985, by Fred L. Whipple).
55 calculations are awesome. It is reported that three French
Man’s universe virtually exploded near the beginning astronomers—J. J. de La Lande, A. C. Clairaut, and
of the eighteenth century. That explosion is critical to our Madame N. R. Lepaute—computed incessantly day and
understanding of comets. Galileo’s idea that bodies can night for several months to predict accurately the return of
move freely in open space and not slow down without Halley’s comet in 1758. Indeed, because of this intensive
5 some force to stop them, combined with Kepler’s theory of 60 effort, La Lande contracted an illness that affected him for
Q22 their actual orbits about the Sun, made Copernicus’s idea the rest of his life. When Clairaut presented the results of
plausible: the Earth might really be a spinning ball, and it these calculations, he noted that Jupiter and Saturn had
might really be plowing through space in an orbit around seriously disturbed the motion of Halley’s comet. The
the Sun. Newton’s universal law of gravity added a superb comet would be more than 500 days late because of
10 unifying factor, a simple formula that could combine all 65 Jupiter’s attraction and another 100 days late because of
the observations of heavenly bodies into a “simple” picture Saturn’s. Thus Halley’s comet apparently would not come
of the Solar System, as we know it today. The telescope nearest to the Sun until the middle of April in 1759,
added the finishing touch; with the accuracy of measure- instead of in 1758 (still with an uncertainty of about a
ment increasing from a tenth of the Moon’s diameter to month). The prediction itself came a bit late, as Clairaut
15 one thousandth, the theory could be checked to great accu- 70 did not complete his calculations until November 1758.
racy and the distances to the Moon and Sun could be The search for the comet had already become an interna-
measured well enough to define the size of the system. The tional sport, at least in Europe and England.
Earth, fortunately, is big enough to be a baseline for meas- The professionals, to their chagrin, were beaten out by
Q23 uring distances to objects in the Solar System, although its an amateur astronomer named Johann Georg Palitzsch, a
20 diameter, as seen from the Sun, is only 17.6 seconds of 75 small farmer who lived near Dresden. With the 8-foot-
arc, which is equal to 1/100th of the Moon’s apparent long telescope that he had made himself, Palitzsch
diameter. discovered the comet on Christmas Day in 1758, fulfilling Q28
The distances turned out to be colossal, almost incred- Halley’s prediction. Clairaut had missed the date of peri-
ible. The Sun was 150,000,000 kilometers (93,000,000 helion by only 32 out of some 28,000 days; this prediction
25 miles) away! Jupiter was five times that distance from the 80 was a triumph for Newton’s theory, and proof that comets
Sun, and Saturn twice Jupiter’s distance. Now there was are true rovers of the Solar System. As a tribute to Halley,
space to spare for the comets to move about the Sun, any the comet officially carries his name.
way and anywhere they pleased, with no crystalline
spheres to bar their way. Note that an accurate scale of 21. The passage implies that which of the following were like-
30 distances is not critical to the predictions of planetary ly to have been of great interest to a European astronomer
positions, because relative distances are adequate for most in early 1758?
problems. The unit of distance is the mean solar distance
I. Calculations precisely predicting the date of
Q24 for Earth (150,000,000 kilometers), which is known as the the next appearance of Halley’s comet
astronomical unit (AU). Only in the recent Space Age
II. Information indicating the exact weights of the
35 have this unit and other planetary measures been known to
Sun and Jupiter
an accuracy of nearly one part in a million, typical of the
III. Evidence that astronomy had slightly

accuracy of planetary direction measures.
decreased in popularity in the past year
Q25 Galileo’s discovery of Jupiter’s moons made possible A. I only
another exciting measure, the actual mass (or weight) of B. II and III only
40 Jupiter itself, which is more than 300 times the Earth’s C. I and II only
mass and nearly a thousandth that of the Sun’s. These D. I, II, and III
numbers must have chilled the marrow of the eighteenth
century conservatives, many of whom still believed that 22. According to this passage, Galileo believed that the move-
the Earth was the center of the Universe. When the great ment of bodies:
45 French astronomer (and Halley’s friend) Cassini discov- F. would eventually cease if left alone.
ered the moons of Saturn during 1671-84, that planet was G. would continue at uniform speed if left unhindered.
found to outweigh the Earth by nearly 100 times. H. would change orbits freely in open space.
Now that the masses of these giant planets were J. was critical to our understanding of comets.
known, it became possible to ascertain the effects of their
50 attraction on the motions of each other, of the small ter-
restrial or earthy planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and
44
23. According to the passage, the size of Earth: 28. One of the main ideas the last paragraph seems to suggest
A. is 100 times that of the moons of Saturn. is that:
B. is large enough to be a reference point in astronomi- F. the work of professional scientists has frequently
cal measurements. been proven meaningless by bright amateurs.
C. was a pivotal reason for the belief of many early sci- G. due of all Clairaut’s hard work, his predictions about
entists that it was the center of the universe. the arrival time of the comet were the best.
D. turned out to be colossal. H. after years of scientific collaborations and hard work,
Halley’s prediction was finally proven true.
24. According to the passage, an astronomical unit can most J. the size of Palitzsch’s telescope gave him an advan-
closely be defined as: tage over other astronomers.
F. a way to measure planetary movements.
G. a unit that is nearly one part in a million. 29. It can be inferred from the passage that if Clairaut had
H. the average distance from the Earth to the Sun. completed his calculations before November of 1758:
J. a measurement to predict the comet’s movement A. he might easily have been the first one to spot the
about the Sun. comet.
B. he would have discovered other comets in addition to
25. One may well infer from the passage that “Galileo’s dis- the one Halley had predicted would appear.
covery of Jupiter’s moons” (line 38): C. he would have greatly added to the body of knowl-
A. gave astronomers the key to determining the effect edge we now have about the comet.
Jupiter had on the motion of Halley’s comet. D. it would have had little effect on the outcome of the
B. permanently frightened off many 18th century scien- “sport” of searching for the comet.
tists from the study of astronomy.
C. gave astronomers the only information needed to pre- 30. The second to last paragraph, (lines 48–72) suggests that
dict the next appearance of the comet. astronomers of that time believed that:
D. was more vital to astronomy than the discovery of the F. they had acquired enough information to attempt to
moons of Saturn. predict the date of the next appearance of Halley’s
comet.
26. It can be inferred from the passage that which of the fol- G. in terms of the work and calculations, they had clear-
lowing astronomers was not a participant in the “interna- ly taken on an impossible task.
tional sport” of the search for Halley’s comet in 1758: H. much of the information put forth by scientists of pre-
I. Halley vious eras was incorrect and possibly dangerous.
II. Palitzsch J. the search for the comet was only taken up with real
III. Lepaute enthusiasm in the last couple of months of 1758.
IV. Clairaut
F. I only
G. I and II only
H. II, III, and IV only
J. I, II, III, and IV
27. The passage suggests that the intensely diligent calcula-

tions of astronomer A.C. Clairaut:

A. contributed to the deterioration of his health.
B. eventually proved Halley’s calculations to be off by
28,000 days.
C. put to use information previously discovered about
the effects of planets’ attraction on each other.
D. was done in collaboration with two English
astronomers.
45
Passage IV He is not a poor scribbler even though he calls himself

that or worse, again and again. He is a very great writer
HUMANITIES: This passage is adapted from Sherwood
and if he has, at times, in other books been unsuccessful, Q32
Anderson, A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by Walter B.
Rideout (©1974 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.) What follows is a
50 it has been for two reasons. His talent and his develop-
review by Ernest Hemingway of a book by Sherwood ment of it has been toward the short story or tale and not
Anderson. The two men were both prominent writers of the toward that highly artificial form the novel. The second
day. reason is that he has been what the French say of all hon-
est politicians mal entouré.
The reviewers have all compared this book with the
“Education of Henry Adams” and it was not hard for them 55 In “A Story Teller’s Story,” which is highly successful
to do so, for Sherwood Anderson twice refers to the Adams as a piece of work because it is written in his own particu- Q37
book and there is plenty in the “Story Teller’s Story” about lar form, a series of short tales jointed up sometimes and
5 the cathedral at Chartres. Evidently the Education book sometimes quite disconnected, he pays homage to his New
made a deep impression on Sherwood for he quotes part of York friends who have helped him. They nearly all took
it. He also had a couple of other learned quotations in 60 something from him, and tried to give him various things
Latin and I can imagine him copying them on the type- in return that he needed as much as a boxer needs diamond
writer verifying them carefully to get the spelling right. studded teeth. And because he gave them all something he
10 For Sherwood Anderson, unlike the English, does not is, after the manner of all great men, very grateful to them.
quote you Latin in casual conversation. They called him a “phallic Chekov” and other meaningless
65 things and watched for the sparkle of his diamond studded
As far as I know the Latin is correct although English teeth and Sherwood got a little worried and uncertain and
reviewers may find flaws in it, and all of my friends own wrote a poor book called “Many Marriages.” Then all the Q38
and speak of “The Education of Henry Adams” with such people who hated him because he was an American who
Q34 15 solemnity that I have been unable ever to read it. “ A Story could write and did write and had been given a prize and
Teller’s Story” is a good book. It is such a good book that 70 was starting to have some success jumped on him with
it doesn’t need to be coupled in the reviewing with Henry loud cries that he never had written and never would be
Adams or anybody else. able to write and if you didn’t believe it read “Many
This is the Life and Times of Sherwood Anderson and Marriages.” Now Sherwood has written a fine book and
20 a great part of it runs along in a mildly kidding way as they are all busy comparing him to Henry Adams.
Q35 though Sherwood were afraid people would think he took 75 Anyway you ought to read “A Story Teller’s Story.” It
himself and his life too seriously. But there is no joking is a wonderful comeback after “Many Marriages.”
about the way he writes of horses and women and bar-
tenders and Judge Turner and the elder Berners and the
31. The main theme of the essay is that:
Q39 25 half allegorical figure of the poor devil of a magazine
writer who comes in at the end of the book. And if A. Anderson’s book is the most beautiful and meaning-
Sherwood jokes about the baseball player beating him up ful the reviewer has ever read, in spite of Anderson’s
at the warehouse where he worked, you get at the same highly questionable writing skills
time, a very definite sharp picture of the baseball player, B. this book does not deserve to be maligned, regardless
30 drunk, sullen and amazed, knocking him down as soon and of the complete lack of merit of all his previous work
as often as he got up while the two teamsters watched and C. this book succeeds because of its unique form and the
wondered why this fellow named Anderson had picked a author’s ability to make the common things seem
beautiful

fight when he couldn’t fight.
D. some writers can make banal ideas truly beautiful
There are very beautiful places in the book, as good
35writing as Sherwood Anderson has done and that means 32. According to the essay, what is one of two reasons that
considerably better than any other American writer has though Sherwood Anderson is a great writer, his other
done. It is a great mystery and an even greater tribute to books have been unsuccessful?
Sherwood that so many people writing today think he can-
not write. They believe that he has very strange and F. He spent too much time trying to make politicians
40 sometimes beautiful ideas and visions and that he express-
more honest.
es them very clumsily and unsuccessfully. While in reality G. His talents and aims are somewhat disconnected.
Q36 he often takes a very banal idea of things and presents it H. In the past, he worked mostly as a short story writer.
with such craftsmanship that the person reading it believes J. His writing shows more determination than common
it beautiful and does not see the craftsmanship at all. sense.
45 When he calls himself “a poor scribbler” don’t believe
him.
46
33. Hemingway’s attitude towards Sherwood Anderson is one 38. According to the essay, why is “A Story Teller’s Story” a
of: better book than “Many Marriages”?
A. confusion. I. Because of Anderson’s use of Latin
B. sympathy. II. Because he was unsure of his skill when writ-
C. jealousy. ing “Many Marriages”
D. admiration. III Because he finally took himself seriously in
working on “A Story Teller’s Story”
34. As it is used in line 15 of the essay, the word “solemnity” F. I and II only
most closely means: G. II only
F. sadness. H. I, II, and III
G. seriousness. J. III only
H. curiosity.
J. disdain. 39. According to the essay, Anderson has included at least one
of each of which of the following character types in “A
35. The essay suggests that “A Story Teller’s Story” is prima- Story Teller’s Story”?
rily concerned with describing: A. teamsters and writers
A. the author’s life, with all its ups and downs. B. bartenders and boxers
B. a man who learns to appreciate those who have C. baseball players and doctors
helped him. D. all of the above
C. the allegorical life of a magazine writer.
D. a baseball player who’s constantly getting into trou- 40. According to the essay, with which of the following state-
ble. ments about Anderson would the author probably agree?
I. Some of his talents are so subtle that many
36. The statement in the fourth paragraph that, “he often takes supposedly knowledgeable people can’t appre-
a very banal idea of things and presents it with such crafts- ciate them.
manship that the person reading it believes it beautiful” II. The help of his New York friends has been the
(lines 42–44) means that the author thinks that Anderson: inspiration of some of his finest work.
F. cannot write well but is able to fool most people. III. “A Story Teller’s Story” is the only work of
G. is in awe of an artistry he cannot master. real value he has created to date.
H. yearns strongly to be like other writers and to be able F. I only
to think the way they do. G. I and II only
J. can communicate ordinary ideas in an appealing man- H. II and III only
ner. J. I, II, and III
37. According to the essay, what makes “A Story Teller’s

Story” more successful than some of his previous work?
A. It has received more popular acclaim.
B. It combines tragedy and comedy.
Skipping Around. The questions on the SAT I
C. It is written in the unique style that best suits the
start easy and get progressively harder, but the
book’s author.
D. It is written in response to receiving a literary award. ACT Assessment Test mixes easy, medium, and
difficult questions. Tell students they can skip
over “problem” questions and come back to them
later, making sure they fill in the correct ovals on
the answer sheet.
STOP! DO NOT TURN THE PAGE UNTIL TOLD TO DO
47
ACT English Practice
ENGLISH TEST
45 Minutes—76 Questions
DIRECTIONS: In the passages that follow, certain questions do not refer to an underlined portion of the
words and phrases are underlined and numbered. In passage, but rather are identified by a number in a
the right-hand column, you will find alternatives for box.
each underlined part. You are to choose the one that
For each question, choose the alternative you con-
best expresses the idea, makes the statement
sider best. Read each passage through once before
appropriate for standard written English, or is word-
you begin to answer the questions that accompany
ed most consistently with the style and tone of the
it. You cannot determine most answers without read-
passage as a whole. If you think the original is best,
ing several sentences beyond the question. Be sure
choose “NO CHANGE.”
that you have read far enough ahead each time you
You will also find questions about a section of the choose an alternative.
passage, or about the passage as a whole. These
PASSAGE I
What is Supply-side Economics?

While there are many different economic
theories. Supply-side economists believe that the 1. A. NO CHANGE
1
B. theories supply-side
economy is best managed by stimulating the production
C. theories: supply-side
of goods and services. That’s the supply end of the
D. theories, supply-side
economy. Supply-siders believe that supply always
creates demand, setting in motion the movement of 2. F. NO CHANGE
2
G. demand that set
products and services and providing an important force H. demand, that set
in industrialized societies like the United States. This J. demand, of which set
goes back, we are told, to the classical economics of 3. A. NO CHANGE

3
B. back, consequently
Adam Smith and Jean Baptiste Say. C. back
D. back, seemingly

Modern-day supply-siders also put a lot of stock in 4. F. NO CHANGE
4
G. swear by
preventing government deficit spending because that
H. put their faith in
encourages inflation. They are also against heavy gov-
J. believe in
ernment regulation of industry because that tends to
inhibit growth.
In order to increase the production of
goods such as computers or automobiles supply-siders 5. A. NO CHANGE
5 B. goods; such as computers or automobiles,
usually want income-tax cuts. They believe that will C. goods such as, computers or automobiles
D. goods, such as computers or automobiles,
bring about into existence higher investment and greater 6. F. NO CHANGE
6
G. cause to bring about
economic activity.
H. give rise to the creation of
J. create
48
Supply-side economist Arthur Laffer suggested

that reducing tax rates will ultimately increase govern-
ment revenues because the incentive it provides for
increased investment and savings will create more
wealth, more jobs, and eventually, more taxable income.
Other economists, using numbers and projections from
the Treasury Department, doesn’t believe that the 7. A. NO CHANGE
7
B. do not believe
C. are not believing
beneficiaries of a tax cut will reinvest their extra income D. is in disbelief
in industry, instead of simply buying more goods. 8 8. At this point, the author is thinking about adding the
following sentence:
Arthur Laffer is the creator of the Laffer
curve, which was used to illustrate his theory.
Would this be relevant to add to the essay?
F. Yes, because it shows how distinguished and
well-known Laffer is.
G. Yes, because it gives Laffer’s theory a mathe-
matical base.
H. No, because the other economists don’t have
curves named after them.
J. No, because it doesn’t add anything substantive
to the discussion of Laffer’s theory.
The supply-side movement first came about in the
United States in the mid-1970s. However, it is the result 9. A. NO CHANGE
9
B. (Do NOT begin new paragraph) In fact, it is the
of the belief that the previously accepted economic the-
result
ory, Keynesian economic management, failed to
C. (Begin new paragraph) However, it is the result
D. (Begin new paragraph) In fact, it is the result
during that period control the huge inflation, increasing 10. F. NO CHANGE
10
G. (place after growth)
H. (place after inflation)
J. (place after control)
unemployment, slowing economic growth. Supply-side 11. A. NO CHANGE
11
B. unemployment, and
C. unemployment and
D. unemployment, and also
economics, at least at first, tends to increase income 12. F. NO CHANGE
12
G. economics, at least at first tends
H. economics at least at first, tends
disparities; the people who benefit most from tax cuts J. economics tends,
are those with the most income to be taxed; in other
words, the richest people. For example, the adoption of 13. A. NO CHANGE
13
these policies during the Reagan administration in the B. So, the
1980s reversed the previous direction of long-term C. Fortunately, the
government economic goals. D. Surprisingly, the
49
Economists of the Reagan administration
guaranteed that they would keep the covenant of growth 14. F. NO CHANGE
14
G. were certain the promise would be kept of
H. promised the guarantee of
without inflation, rising production, and a renewed J. promised
stock market. During President Reagan’s second term,
many of these positive events, did occur. But they were 15. A. NO CHANGE
15
B. events, do
accompanied by massive international trade deficits, C. events did
huge federal spending deficits, and a troubled farm D. events, would
economy. In 1987 the stock market suffered a dramatic
drop, which led many to question the administration’s
economic policies. During Reagan’s presidential term,
the national debt grew from $900 billion to over $2 tril-
lion.
PASSAGE II
Answer Sheets. Tell students that it is best to fill
in the answer oval for each question as they
The following paragraphs may or may answer it. If students need to skip a question,
not be in the most logical order. Each para- they should be very careful to skip it on the
graph is numbered in brackets, and item 30
answer sheet also. They should check periodical-
will ask you the most logical placement for
Paragraph 5. ly to be sure that they are on the same question in
the test booklet and on the answer sheet.
Take Suffrage Seriously

[1]
In a democracy, people have the opportunity to
affect their own everyday lives. What’s by voting. If 16. F. NO CHANGE
16
G. What is
you don’t participate in an election, you
H. It’s
J. Its
cannot but complain that your needs aren’t being met. 17. A. NO CHANGE
17
B. can’t but complain that
C. can’t, however, complain that,

D. can’t complain that
Consider how basic and crucial a right suffrage is. 18 18. Which of the following, if added here, would most
effectively serve to summarize one of the main ideas
of the essay?
F. People should not take for granted the right to
vote.
G. There are millions of people who don’t vote —
and that’s just wrong.
H. The number of people who don’t vote is
increasing with each national election.
J. This essay will explore the reasons people don’t
vote.
50
[2]
Voting restrictions exist in nearly every country,
although depending on it’s laws, 19. A. NO CHANGE
19
B. its laws,
C. it’s laws
D. its laws
they vary. Voting requirements are similar even in 20. F. NO CHANGE
20
G. it varies.
different parts of the world and under different
H. it has varied.
systems of government
J. they have varied
where the voting criteria have much in common. 21. A. NO CHANGE

21
B. in which the voting criteria have much in com-
The voting population almost always has a minimum
mon
age between 18 and 25, and is limited to residents of
C. in which the criteria for voting have much in
the area. Convicted felons and the mentally ill are usu- common
ally excluded from voting. D. OMIT the underlined portion.
[3]
In some nations, women’s suffrage is still subject to
qualifications. In others, racial requirements and land
ownership may be issues. These limits on suffrage, as
well as those based on religion, taxpaying, and education 22. F. NO CHANGE
22 G. religion, taxpaying, education
H. religion taxpaying, and education
J. religion, and taxpaying, and education
were common during the Middle Ages, and many have
stuck around for centuries. Fortunately, most of these 23. A. NO CHANGE
23 B. Hence,
C. In fact,
limits stem from those in charge being afraid to let the D. In contrast,
poor and oppressed vote, because these powerless citi-
zens have no stake in maintaining the existing order that 24. F. NO CHANGE
24 G. order, or the established system of social organ-
keeps the powerful in control. ization,
H. order, which doesn’t mean the arrangements of

[4] the elements of a group,
J. entrenched social organization that can be
Our Constitution grants all adults in this country called order,
the right to vote. At the time that document was written,
only about 6 percent of the adult male population was 25. The author means here to illustrate how voting laws
25
entitled to vote. Soon after that, religious and property at the time the Constitution was created were differ-
25 ent than they are today. Given that all of these state-
qualifications were eliminated. It was legal to restrict ments are true, which of these choices would best
blacks from voting until the 15th amendment to the achieve the writer’s objective?
Constitution was ratified after the Civil A. NO CHANGE
B. many wealthy landowners owned slaves.
C. a newly-formed country was drafting its first laws.
D. several drafts were voted on before the final one
was agreed upon.
51
War, which began relieving slavery. Women weren’t 26. F. NO CHANGE

26
G. War, when they started abolishing slavery.
granted suffrage until 1920 with the 19th amendment. H. War, which abolished slavery.
The right to vote was extended to 18-year-olds in 1971 J. beginning of slavery abolition after the war.
with the 26th amendment.
[5]
What’s suffrage? Suffrage is the right to vote in
public affairs. The freedom of a person who wants
change in government to choose between competing
people or ideas without fear is, as one noted scholar said, 27. A. NO CHANGE
27
B. is as one noted scholar said
C. is as one noted scholar, said
“basic to self-government.” If you are excluded from D. is, as one noted scholar, said,
the right of suffrage, you’re like excluded as an outcast 28. F. NO CHANGE
28
from a basic means of participating in the political deci- G. you’re excluded
H. you’re excluded and being cast out
sion-making process.
J. like an outcast being excluded
[6]
Imagine, for example, being a woman in the
United States before 1920—or an 18-year-old in the
1960s, when you could have been drafted to fight in a
war, thus you couldn’t voice your opinion by voting. If 29. A. NO CHANGE
29
B. for
you don’t vote today, you’re taking for granted a right
C. nor
that you might not have had a mere 30 years ago. So,
D. but
get out there and vote!
30. In order to make the essay coherent and unified,
Paragraph 5 should be placed:
F. where it is now
G. before Paragraph 2
H. before Paragraph 3
J. before Paragraph 4

PASSAGE III
Greenland
[1]
Most people know little about Greenland, that
huge island northeast of North America. Also known as
Kalaallit Nunaat, it is actually the worlds largest island. 31. A. NO CHANGE
(31) B. world’s,
C. world’s
D. worlds’
Greenland is about 1,650 miles long and 750 miles
wide, with over two-thirds of the territory north of the 32. F. NO CHANGE
(32) G. its
Arctic Circle. Its northernmost point is less than 500 H. their
miles across the Arctic Ocean from the North Pole. J. it’s
52
Greenland’s craggy southern coastline, the only habit-

able portion where people can live, is 24,430 miles 33. A. NO CHANGE
(33)
B. that’s livable,
long, and the temperature along the C. which is livable,
D. OMIT the underlined portion
portions of the country can get up to 50 degrees in July. 34. At this point, the author’s goal is to provide specific
(34)
geographical information about the warmer areas of
Greenland. Which of these achieves that goal?
F. NO CHANGE
[2] G. southern coast
H. the exterior of the country
J. the inhabitable portion of Greenland
[1] The largest settlement is the capital, Godthab,
or Nuuk. [2] Most of the inhabitants of Greenland 35. A. NO CHANGE
35
B. those who do live in Greenland
are Greenlanders, a mixture of Eskimo and European C. Greenland’s residential populace
D. those comprising Greenland
immigrants who mostly came from Denmark. [3]
Greenlandic comes from the formation and in the 36. F. NO CHANGE
36
G. formation;
mid-19th-century, of a single literary language from
H. formation,
many similar Eskimo dialects. [4] Formerly, many of
J. formation, and
its towns were named by the Dutch, but since
it was the year 1979 the Greenlandic names of places 37. A. NO CHANGE
37
B. it was the year of
C. when it had been in the year of
have been used more and more. [5] The official reli- D. OMIT the underlined portion
gion of Greenland being the Lutheran Church of 38. F. NO CHANGE
38
G. Greenland, which is
H. Greenland, it is
J. Greenland is
Denmark. [6]The two major languages of Greenland are
Danish and Greenlandic. 39 39. In order to make the essay coherent and logical,
Sentence 6 should be placed
A. where it is now
B. before Sentence 1
C. before Sentence 2
[3] D. after Sentence 2
Greenland’s Eskimo migrated from North America 40. F. NO CHANGE
40
G. been migrated
between 4000 B.C. and A.D. 1000. Norse settlers, led H. were migrated
by Eric the Red, established a colony between 980 and J. had been migrated
53
985. Despite their efforts, this Norse settlement 41. At this point in the essay, the author wants to explain
41
why the Norse settlement disappeared. Assuming all
disappeared around 1400. During the 16th century, are true, which of these achieves that goal?
European explorers charted the island’s coast, and A. NO CHANGE
B. Though Greenland would be settled again by
northern Europeans,
C. Even with other Norse conquerors making it all
the way to North America,
D. Due to severe winters and trade problems,
Greenland was settled in 1721 by Hans Egede, a 42. F. NO CHANGE

42 G. settled
Norwegian missionary, for Denmark. H. had settled
J. being settled
Over time, the Danish developed substantial economic 43. At this point in the essay, the author wants to demon-
43 strate how significant Denmark’s economic ties
ties to Greenland. were. Assuming all are true, which of these achieves
43
that goal?
A. NO CHANGE
B. In 1729 the Danish crown assumed control, and
from 1774 until 1951, the Danish crown had a
monopoly on all trade with Greenland.
C. Monarchies often invest in their colonies,
exporting goods and establishing methods of
production.
[4] D. Denmark eventually established ties with its
other territories elsewhere in the New World.
Denmark was occupied by Germans during World
War II; during that time, the U.S. government took over
Greenland as a protectorate. In 1946 the United States
offered to buy Greenland. However the Danish 44. F. NO CHANGE
44
G. Certainly
government wouldn’t sell, it gave the United States per-
H. Although
mission to retain and develop a radar and weather patrol J. Apparently
base at Thule.
[5]

In 1975 a commission worked out terms for
Greenland’s home rule. These terms were endorsed by
Danish voters in 1978, and a year later, home rule was
instituted. The Landsting, from which the people elect, 45. A. NO CHANGE
45
B. elected by the people,
determines the internal affairs of Greenland. The
C. people-elected,
Danish government handles some of Greenland’s exter-
D. with the people electing,
nal affairs, and Greenland holds two seats in the Danish
national assembly.
54
Question 46 asks a question about the

passage as a whole.
46. If the author decided to eliminate Paragraph 1 from

the essay, which of these would be missing from the
essay?
F. relevant facts about Greenland’s vast size
G. unnecessary facts about Greenland’s economy
H. unnecessary facts about Greenland’s political
system
J. historical facts about the settlement of
Greenland
PASSAGE IV
No Pain, No Gain
When I was younger, I was always a little larger
than the other kids. I used my weight as an excuse not
to be social. It was a protective layer, keeping me safe 47. A. NO CHANGE
47 B. a social butterfly.
from the rejection of others. C. the cheerleader type.
D. doing the social thing.
Many of the members of my family are overweight, too, 48. Which of these choices provides the proper transi-
48 tion between the first and second paragraphs, and
including my parents, aunts, and uncles. provides an important piece of information about the
48
author’s circumstances?
F. NO CHANGE
G. No one really wants to be fat.
H. I wasn’t much of an athlete, but I was good at
dodge ball.
About five years ago my aunt had a heart attack. J. Most of my friends were fat, too.
The doctors said it might not have happened if
she’d exercised regularly; eaten fewer fatty foods, and 49. A. NO CHANGE
49 B. if she’d exercised regularly, eaten fewer fatty

more leafy, vegetables; and generally taken better care foods and more leafy vegetables, and generally
49
of her body. However, because of her weight, it was taken better care of her body
49 C. if she’d exercised regularly; eaten fewer fatty
foods and more leafy, vegetables; and generally
taken better care of her body
D. if she’d exercised regularly, eaten fewer fatty
foods, and more leafy vegetables, and generally
almost inevitable. That really opened my eyes. I looked
taken better care of her body
in the mirror and realized that if I didn’t do something, I
could end up like my aunt. It was time to do, finally, 50. F. NO CHANGE
50 G. (Place after time)
something I had avoided all my life — start dieting and H. (Place after life)
exercising. J. OMIT the underlined portion
55
The dieting came first. I started slowly, by just 51. A. NO CHANGE

51
B. dieting had been coming
C. dieting coming
cutting out all food after 7:00 P.M. My biggest meal D. dieting, which came
became breakfast, and the meals got smaller as the day
went on, until dinner. 52 52. Assuming all are true, which of these sentences, if
added here, would best end this paragraph about the
The exercise was more difficult. I was never ath-
author’s dieting success?
letic; I would never even consider taking the stairs if
F. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day.
there was an elevator in sight. The thought of getting on
G. I stopped the midday snacks altogether too, and
that really made a big difference.
H. Sometimes I cheated and ate bacon with my
eggs.
J. I missed chocolate the most.
a treadmill seemed impossible. Treadmills can either be 53. A. NO CHANGE

53
B. You can either walk or run on a treadmill.
manually operated, or electric. C. Some treadmills can be set to run at an incline.
53
D. OMIT the underlined portion.
I started out slowly, just walking for five minutes a day.

I couldn’t believe how much walking five minutes made
me sweat! 54 54. Which of these sentences, if added here, would best
serve to conclude and sum up the main idea of the
paragraph?
F. I did lots of laundry those first few weeks.
G. But I noticed that everyone in the gym was
sweating, which made me feel better.
H. In time, the exercise became easier, and in a few
weeks, I was up to thirty minutes at a time.
J. I wonder how long professional athletes can last
on the treadmill.
55 I was worried about it at first because I envi- 55. Which of these sentences provides the best transition
sioned myself all muscle-bound with a thick neck. But between the previous paragraph and this one?
the truth is, building muscle from lifting weights helps A. Exercise can give you more energy to face your
you lose weight because muscle tissue burns more calo- day.

ries than fat. And for those of us for B. Then I tackled the weights.
C. I invested in a good pair of sneakers.
D. Walking is less likely to cause injury than run-
ning is.
who appearance is a concern, muscle tissue makes you 56. F. NO CHANGE

56 G. who’s appearance
look leaner and less lumpy. H. who appear
J. whom appearance
While I reached my 57. A. NO CHANGE

57 B. So
C. However
D. When
56
goal of loss of weight, the first thing I did was throw 58. F. NO CHANGE
58
G. weight-loss goal,
H. losing weight goal,
J. loss of weight goal,
away all of my old “fat” clothes, buying a whole new 59. A. NO CHANGE
59
B. clothes and buy
C. clothes: and buy
D. clothes; buying
wardrobe. At my cousin’s wedding, she said I was
60. F. NO CHANGE
noticed by more guests than her!
60 G. more guests than she was!
H. more guests than them!
But besides looking better, I feel better because I
J. more guests than they were!
know I’m healthier. And nevertheless, even when 61. A. NO CHANGE
61
B. of course,
there’s an elevator in sight, I always take the stairs!
C. nowadays,
D. yet,
PASSAGE V
The First Lady of Lawn Tennis
[1]
She changed the face of tennis. Dorothea Lambert 62. F. NO CHANGE
62
G. tennis, Dorothea Lambert Chambers,
Chambers won seven Wimbledon tennis titles. Being H. tennis Dorothea Lambert Chambers
62
J. tennis. Dorothea Lambert Chambers,
an innovative athlete, Chambers was one of the first 63. A. NO CHANGE

63 B. Chambers, an innovative athlete, was one of the
fierce competitors in women’s tennis, and today’s hard- first
driving female players owe their livelihoods to her. She C. Being an innovative athlete, Chambers, one of
triumphed at a time when women had the first
D. Chambers being an innovative athlete, one of

the first
few competitors or prestige, 64. F. NO CHANGE
64
G. competitors or prestige
H. competitors or no prestige
J. few competitors and little prestige
and she struck a blow for women’s rights. 65. A. NO CHANGE

65 B. striked a blow for women’s
[2] C. striked blows for women’s
D. struck blows for women
On September 3, 1878, Dorothea Katherine
Douglass was born in Ealing, England. Her father was
an Anglican clergyman. In 1907, she married merchant
57
Robert Lambert Chambers. She learned tennis at the 66. F. NO CHANGE

66
G. tennis which she played intensely,
Ealing Lawn Tennis Club. H. tennis, later to win seven Wimbledon titles,
[3] J. tennis, in her home town,
Back then, women’s tennis was not taken serious-
ly. Its purpose was to entertain, by staging matches at 67. A. NO CHANGE
67
B. entertain by matches, staged
garden parties. Playing hard was considered unfemi- C. entertain, with matches staged,
nine, and women were thought to be prone to emotional D. entertain by staging matches
outbursts and, therefore, too hysterical to truly compete.
But Chambers disagreed. Tall, slim, and fit, she put her
all into tennis, and disapproved of those who
approached it casually, or did not see its beauty or
68
68. F. NO CHANGE
potential. She believed the only way to banish the myth
G. that its
of the “hysterical female” was to get more women into
H. it’s
tennis, which she attempted to do.
J. their
[4]
[1] Chambers had a definite playing style. [2] This
69
helped her control the game. [3] Known for her intensi- 69. Which of these sentences best provides a specific
ty, she often won on sheer determination, keeping the description of the type of tennis game Dorothea
pressure on her opponents till they just gave up. Lambert Chambers played?
A. NO CHANGE
[4] Chambers won her first Wimbledon singles title
B. She played a baseline game with steady, accu-
rate groundstrokes.
C. Her game has been copied by some of her
admirers.
in 1903, she took home a total of seven between 1903 D. No women before her had played like her.
70
70. F. NO CHANGE
and 1914. [5] Chambers’ finest performances took place G. in 1903 when she
in 1911, when she swept the final without losing a sin- H. in 1903. She took home
gle game and in 1913 when she didn’t lose a single set. J. in 1903 and then
71
71. A. NO CHANGE
B. game, and, in 1913 when she

C. game, and in 1913, when she
[6] With her seventh title, she created a record for D. game, and in 1913, when, she
Wimbledon triumphs that stood for twenty-four years. 72
[5] 72. The author wants to add this sentence about

Chamber’s dedication to the sport of tennis to
Paragraph 4:
Only two pregnancies and World War I could
keep her from competing.
The most logical place for this sentence is
F. after Sentence 1
G. after Sentence 4
H. after Sentence 5
J. after Sentence 6
58
[1]But Chambers didn’t really lose; if it wasn’t for

her legacy, the competitive and intense younger genera-
tion led by Lenglen wouldn’t have been existing. 73. A. NO CHANGE
73 B. exist.
[2]When play resumed after World War I ended, twen- C. be existing.
ty-year-old French sensation Suzanne Lenglen ended D. have existed.
forty-year-old Chambers’ reign in competitive matches.
[3] She died in 1960.[4] Chambers then became the
elder stateswomen of tennis, and became the first
female councilor of the Lawn Tennis Association. [5]
She inspired many with her book, Lawn Tennis for
Ladies. 74 74. Which of these sequences of sentences would result
in the most coherence for Paragraph 5?
F. 1, 3, 2, 4, 5
G. 2, 1, 3, 4, 5
H. 2, 1, 4, 5, 3
[6]
J. 5, 2, 1, 4, 3
Dorothea Lambert Chambers was committed to

winning, and she changed tennis’s face certainly 75. A. NO CHANGE
75
B. changed, certainly, tennis’ faces
C. changed the certain faces of tennis
D. certainly changed the face of tennis
forever. She was the first female to play with intensity. 76. The author wants to link the beginning and end of
76
the essay. Which of these choices best achieves this?
F. NO CHANGE
G. intensity and competitiveness.
H. intensity, destroying the “hysterical female”
Using the Time. Remind students that they will myth.
not get extra points for finishing early. They J. intensity, paving the way for women such as
should work slowly and carefully to make sure Billie Jean King, Martina Navratilova, and
they don’t make careless errors. If they do have Steffi Graf.
time left at the end of any section they should use
it to review any questions they did not feel confi-
dent about.
END OF TEST
STOP! DO NOT TURN THE PAGE UNTIL TOLD TO DO

SO.
59

Cet Reviewer

Uploaded by

Cet Reviewer

Uploaded by

C OLLEGE

How to Use this Book ........................................................................................................... T4

How to Score the SAT II Writing Subject Test Essay ......................................................... T6

SAT II Writing Subject Test Essay Prompts ......................................................................... T8

A Guide to the Teacher’s Edition Annotations...................................................................... T9

SAT Verbal Practice Answer Bubbles ................................................................................... T10

SAT II Writing Practice Answer Bubbles ............................................................................. T12

ACT Reading Practice Answer Bubbles ............................................................................... T13

ACT English Practice Answer Bubbles ................................................................................ T14

SAT I Verbal Practice 1 ......................................................................................................... 8

SAT I Verbal Practice 2 ......................................................................................................... 13

SAT I Verbal Practice 3 ......................................................................................................... 19

SAT II Writing Practice 1...................................................................................................... 22

SAT II Writing Practice 2...................................................................................................... 28

ACT Reading Practice........................................................................................................... 40

ACT English Practice ............................................................................................................ 48

Overview of the Teacher’s Annotated Edition

C ritical Reading: Students are asked to answer questions based on a given

SAT II Writing Subject Test

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

ACT Reading and English Tests

How to Use this Book

Test Administration Dates

April April April

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

SAT Verbal Practice 2 Page 13 30 minutes

SAT Verbal Practice 3 Page 19 15 minutes

SAT II Writing Practice 1 Page 22 25 minutes

SAT II Writing Practice 2 Page 28 15 minutes

SAT II “Writing Prompt” Page T8 20 minutes

ACT Reading Practice (4sections) Page 40 35 minutes

ACT English Practice (5sections) Page 48 45 minutes

How to Score the SAT II Writing Subject Test Essay

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

SAT II Writing Subject Test Essay Prompts

Do difficult circumstances generally stimulate a person’s ability to create success?

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

A Guide to the Teacher’s Edition Annotations

of the passage. 2 In line 3, the word “behavior” probably means

Name: ____________________________________________ Date: _____________________________________________

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME: __________________________________________________ DATE: ___________________________________________________

Name: ____________________________________________ Date: _____________________________________________

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

NAME: __________________________________________________ DATE: ___________________________________________________

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

SAT I Verbal Practice 1 ......................................................................................................... 8

SAT I Verbal Practice 2 ......................................................................................................... 13

SAT I Verbal Practice 3 ......................................................................................................... 19

SAT II Writing Practice 1...................................................................................................... 22

SAT II Writing Practice 2...................................................................................................... 28

ACT Reading Practice........................................................................................................... 40

ACT English Practice ............................................................................................................ 48

What You Need to Know About the SAT I Verbal Sections

SAT I Verbal Structure

30-minute section 10 Sentence Completions 13 Analogies 12–13 Critical Reading questions

Sentence completions are fill-in-the-blank questions. They test your vocabulary

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Analogies and Sentence Completions: Order of Difficulty

Guessing and Process of Elimination

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

• Play word games such as Scrabble, Boggle, and crossword puzzles.

What You Need to Know About the SAT II Writing Subject

20 Error Identification questions

All questions require knowledge of standard written English, which is probably

Part A—The Essay

Your essay should be written with a traditional organization, beginning with an

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Part B—The Multiple-Choice Questions

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

Each question below consists of a related pair of 13 YARD : LENGTH ::

11 THEATER : PLAY :: 15 BERATE : SCOLD ::

tests. Students should keep their definitions flexi-

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Name: Date: _

NAME: DATE: _

Name: Date: _

NAME: DATE: _