I Abadjiev The Abadjiev Method
I Abadjiev The Abadjiev Method
I Abadjiev The Abadjiev Method
POWERLIFTING, TRAINING, WORKOUTS & PROGRAMS
The Abadjiev Method (Part 1)
Jake Jensen
TAGS: The Abadjiev Method, Protein Method, Jake Jensen, heavy weight, Bulgaria, Ivan Abadjiev, olympic
Jul 30, 2013
weightlifting, deload, overtraining, cns
History
There is something romantic about lifting heavy weights. Dirty underground weight
rooms with chalkdusted floors and Olympic plates stacked in the corner...a light
flickering on the ceiling, highlighting the shadows as heavy weights smash into the
ground...The fact that the sport was developed in a dark corner of the world’s history
fuses something mysterious and intriguing into its very DNA. There is an especially
black and fantastic part of weightlifting that, to this day, remains somewhat of a
mystery. In Bulgaria during the 1980s, Ivan Abadjiev and his companions were the
coaches of Bulgaria’s Olympic weightlifting team. At this time, the nation was looked to
as a “little brother” to Russia, not only in politics and industry but in regards to sport as
well. Russian athletes dominated the weight lifting scene in both national and
international competitions. And due to their incredible success, Russia’s methods were
seen as the universal solution for developing championship athletes. These years of
domination thus pushed Bulgaria into athletic obscurity. However, in a last ditch effort
to vault the nation back onto the podium, Coach Abadjiev and his staff were selected to
conduct a controversial study of a new, dynamic athletic development model in
Bulgaria.
The new method was wildly successful and brought multiple gold medals home to the
nation of Bulgaria. Its success had other side effects, however. The study turned Ivan
Abadjiev into the Victor Frankenstein of weightlifting, having created a monster that
became the stuff of legend. In truth, when this training system was first introduced, it
was regarded by the weightlifting community as a grotesque beast that was simply
stitched and bolted together. The world didn’t know if they should be excited about this
new discovery or if they should burn it at the stake and spit on the ashes.
Simple and Dangerous
The reason for all the hype centered on the nuts and bolts of the training itself because
Abadjiev’s method was different from the accepted Russian model in a several ways.
In most nations there was an established and documented athlete recruiting program.
Depending on the country, there was a minimum age requirement before youth could
be recruited for training. In Russia, for instance, a youth could not be recruited until he
was 14 to 15 years old. In Germany, youths had to be 15 to 16 years of age. Yet, in
Bulgaria, the minimum age was only 13. Abadjiev’s first athlete, however, began
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training at age 10, and this caused an outrage both in Bulgaria and abroad. His
athletes were breaking world records by age 17—records that had been set by grown
men.
Another bolt in the neck of Abadjiev’s program was its lack of variety. In the end, there
were only four exercises in the entire program. During specific preparation, the athletes
would do as few as three exercises in a week of training. Injured athletes would trade
snatches for back squats, but that’s really as exotic as it got. The organization of the
daily training routine is well documented. If you Google Ivan Abadjiev, you can find all
kinds of charts on how the training cycles were organized. The Bulgarian athletes went
heavy and often—they were doing crushing amounts of weight multiple times a day.
The reason this was such a shock to the world was the fact that the athletes did it year
round. There was no preparation phase..all they did was hit it heavy. When I started
reading about this guy, I wanted to know why he did what he did. What was he
thinking?
Philosophy
In a presentation on his methods to a group of weightlifting federation coaches in the
1990s, and again last year in Rhode Island, Abadjiev talked about the philosophy
behind his madness. After studying the presentations, the thing that struck me most
was his reference to research on a subject called Protein Memory, a concept
pioneered by a physiologist named Holger Hyden. To better understand the research,
a little background is needed.
There are two parts to the science:
1. The Brain:
When any movement is performed over and over, say moving your finger, neurological
pathways are strengthened and the movement becomes more efficient. It makes sense
that when you think to move your fingers, they move—not your toes or your ear or
some other body part. The same goes for lifting a loaded bar. However, Abadjiev says
that the muscles targeted by the brain at 90% of a lifter's 1RM and below are not the
same ones targeted at higher percentages. So, his lifters would work out at 97% of
their 1RM in order to strengthen those neuropathways that target the strongest muscle
fibers.
2. The Muscle:
When the body is placed under load, as in squatting with a bar, the musculature breaks
down under the weight and needs to be repaired. DNA is translated and mRNA strands
synthesize new proteins to repair the muscles. According to Abadjiev and the Protein
Memory Hypothesis, mRNA produced from below 90% of 1RM lifts is not the same as
mRNA produced from lifts executed over 90% of a lifter's 1RM. Lifting weight over 90%
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will cause the strongest possible muscle to be created when the body is broken down
(or that’s the idea). Because of this, Abadjiev states that his athletes performed lifts at
or above 95% of their 1RM and, in most cases, they did this four times a day.
So, Abadjiev proposes that lifting maximum weight causes the blueprint for the
strongest possible muscle to be synthesized by the body, producing the strongest
possible adaptation from training.
This is the science he uses to back up his methods. I have searched many databases
and libraries, but I have yet to find the research he cites. However, the sketchy science
isn’t the only thing that is working against Abadjiev. Perhaps the biggest argument
against his methods is the effect of maximaleffort work on the central nervous system
since athletes training at max intensity for weeks on end are at greater risk for
overtraining syndrome. Yet, Abadjiev addressed this and explained that using proper
recovery aids, proper time management, and proper recovery exercises can prevent
overtraining.
His model of training flies in the face of the accepted method of preparation, which is to
periodize training to include a deloading and a preparatory phase. These tactics were
mastered and used with great success by the Russians. Abadjiev, however, claims that
the Russian model of training is redundant. By targeting the body's systems
separately, precious time needed for developing strength is wasted.
He claims that his method develops all of the body's systems at once. By manipulating
the training environment, training intensity, and recovery protocols, Abadjiev claims to
have perfected how to bring the whole organism in sync and, by doing so, target the
StrengthGene.
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Over the last decade, information about Abadjiev’s methods has been looked at with
skepticism. Fringe science obviously contributes a large part to this. Also, Bulgaria is
notorious for giving out false information. In the book, Pocket Hercules, the Bulgarian’s
efforts to mislead the competition is well documented.
In reading about this notorious coach and his incredible success, I got more and more
curious, and in the end, I decided to try out his methods on myself.
To be continued...
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Aug 22, 2013
Dave Tate Josh Bryant
Dec 24, 2010 May 19, 2013
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POWERLIFTING, TRAINING, WORKOUTS & PROGRAMS
The Abadjiev Method (Part 2: Trial)
Jake Jensen
TAGS: lifting heavy, The Abadjiev Method, Jake Jensen, Bulgaria, Ivan Abadjiev, Programs, max effort, deadlift,
Aug 01, 2013
squat, powerlifting, training
The Ivan Abadjiev Method of training is extremely involved. His model of development
pushed simplicity to a razor’s edge and stretched training difficulty to the breaking
point, and his athletes’ lives reflected the demanding requirements of his training
philosophy. They were required to train in front of competitionsize crowds...four times
a day. Rest and sleep were also regimented and measured. The government fed and
housed them, provided gear and clothes, and paid for their travel expenses. Needless
to say, this lifestyle is less than realistic for the average Joe. Trying to set up a training
program that follows the Abadjiev method is virtually impossible unless the athlete has
a bank account with six digits to spare.
With this is mind, I set out to try and distill his method down to its core so that I could
try it. Here is what I came up with...
Training:
When it comes down to it, Abadjiev’s athletes just went heavy. So I did the same thing.
I worked up to a 1RM at the start of each training session. Then, I did between four to
six sets for one rep at 90% of that day’s 1RM. Although Abadjiev’s athletes trained four
times a day with four different exercises, I only trained once a day with one exercise a
day. Basically, my split was set up like this.
Monday: ME Squat, 57 sets @ 90% of day’s 1RM
Wednesday: ME Bench, 57 sets @ 90% of day’s 1RM
Friday: ME Deadlift, 57 sets @ 90% of day’s 1RM
Saturday: ME Front Squat, 57 sets @ 90% of day’s 1RM
Exercises:
Abadjiev was extremely conservative in this area; therefore, I was too. I used bench,
squat, deadlift, and front squat. That’s it. I didn’t do any supplemental work besides
GHR and reverse hypers, which I used as dynamic components of my warmup.
Readiness:
I have access to an Omegawave, so this was my assessment tool. I determined not to
put a time limit on my training block, so I decided to go as long as my system could
last. I tested myself using the HRV and CNS assessments on Omegawave every day I
trained.
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Recovery:
I followed recovery protocols that were nutritionally and trainingbased, so no steroids
or other synthetic hormone therapies were used. After every training day, I woke up
and did contrast showers first thing in the morning to stimulate recovery. On days that I
was parasympathetic overreached, I would take warm showers for 15 to 20 minutes. I
supplemented BetaAlanine at the beginning of each workout and took a men’s multi
vitamin. Towards the end of the training program, however, my system became more
and more fried. Therefore, I used rhythmic, high volume exercises such as medicine
ball throws and light jogging. I did these in place of heavy training in order to aid in
recovery as needed (according to how I tested on Omegawave).
My experiment lasted five full weeks. At the beginning of the training my CNS
stabilized at 34.5 mV, which is the measuring unit used by Omegawave for the central
nervous system. On Saturday of week five, which was a front squat day, I tested my
CNS before training and it was at 5.5 mV (which is an 80% drop in CNS function from
day one). I was fried, and my mind was racing a million miles an hour. Over the four
previous nights I had totaled maybe 10 hours of sleep due to the fact that my
sympathetic nervous system was going full bore, but I decided to train anyways.
I started warming up on the rack. During my warmup sets, I was resting and
momentarily forgot why I was even at the gym. So I called it and went home. Obviously
the psychological degeneration was something that I hadn’t seen coming. Lifting heavy
like I had for five weeks straight wreaked havoc on my nervous system, but the
physical adaptations were pretty impressive as well.
Here is the breakdown of my results in the four lifts over five weeks of training:
Bench: 245 to 265 (+ 20 lbs)
Squat: 365 to 385 (+ 20 lbs)
Deadlift: 405 to 475 (+ 70 lbs)
Front Squat: 245 to 305. (+ 60 lbs)
By the time all was said and done, I had increased my total in these four lifts by 170
pounds. For me, this was extremely impressive. I had been trying to improve my squat
and bench numbers for a long to time with little success. I realize these numbers are
weak compared to what many can do, so consider that duly noted.
Conclusion
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I decided that this method is not for the faint of heart. It was hard as hell, and that was
amplified by the fact that I am not an elite athlete. I wasn’t necessarily as prepared as I
could have been either since I have only been lifting heavy for two years. I can’t
imagine what it must have been like for those Bulgarian athletes who were doing
Olympic movements four times the difficulty that I was. Whatever the recovery means,
these athletes were freaks of nature. Abadjiev pushed his athletes to the very edge
and his methods grounded their psyche into powder. I don’t know if his training
philosophy is the best one, or even if it's morally sound, but one thing is for sure: it can
make just about anybody much, much stronger.
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Oct 29, 2009 Jul 15, 2012
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