Answer Sheeeeeeeets
Answer Sheeeeeeeets
Answer Sheeeeeeeets
1. The p.d.’s measured across three resistors connected in series are 5 V, 7 V and 10 V, and the
supply current is 2 A. Determine (a) the supply voltage, (b) the total circuit resistance and
2. For the circuit shown below, determine the value of V1. If the total circuit resistance is 36
determine the supply current and the value of resistors R1, R2 and R3
V 18
From Ohm’s law, supply current, I = = 0.5 A
R T 36
V1 10
Resistance, R1 = = 20
I 0.5
V3 3
Resistance, R 3 = =6
I 0.5
3. When the switch in the circuit shown is closed the reading on voltmeter 1 is 30 V and that on
voltmeter 2 is 10 V. Determine the reading on the ammeter and the value of resistor R X
V5 20
Hence, current in 5 resistor, i.e. reading on the ammeter = =4A
5 5
VT 30
Total resistance, R T 7.5 , hence R X = 7.5 – 5 = 2.5
I 4
5 5
By voltage division, voltage, V = 72 72 = 45 V
53 8
5. Two resistors are connected in series across an 18 V supply and a current of 5 A flows. If one of
the resistors has a value of 2.4 determine (a) the value of the other resistor and (b) the p.d.
across the 2.4 resistor.
18
(a) Total resistance, R T 3.6 , hence R X = 3.6 – 2.4 = 1.2
5
(b) V1 5 2.4 = 12 V
6. An arc lamp takes 9.6 A at 55 V. It is operated from a 120 V supply. Find the value of the
The purpose of the stabilising resistor R S is to cause a volt drop VS – in this case equal to 120 – 55,
VS 65
i.e. 65 V. Hence, R S = 6.77
I 9.6
7. An oven takes 15 A at 240 V. It is required to reduce the current to 12 A. Find (a) the resistor
which must be connected in series, and (b) the voltage across the resistor.
240
(a) If the oven takes 15 A at 240 V, then resistance of oven, R oven = 16 A
15
V 240
If the current is reduced to 12 A then the total resistance of the circuit, R T = 20
I 12
and R T R S R oven
1. Resistances of 4 and 12 are connected in parallel across a 9 V battery. Determine (a) the
equivalent circuit resistance, (b) the supply current, and (c) the current in each resistor.
4 12 48 1 1 1
(a) Equivalent circuit resistance, R T =3 (or use )
4 12 16 R T 4 12
V 9
(b) Supply current, I = =3A
RT 3
9 9 12
(c) I1 = 2.25 A, I 2 = 0.75 A (or, by current division, I1 3 = 2.25 A
4 12 4 12
4
and I 2 3 = 0.75 A)
4 12
2. For the circuit shown determine (a) the reading on the ammeter, and (b) the value of resistor R.
V 15
(a) V = 3 5 = 15 V. Hence, ammeter reading, I6 = 2.5 A
6 6
V 15
(b) IR = 11.5 – 3 – 2.5 = 6 A hence, R = = 2.5
I 6
(iv) Equivalent resistance, R T = 800 + 4 k + 1500 = 800 + 4000 + 1500 = 6300 = 6.3 k
1 1 1 5 6
(b) (i) from which, equivalent resistance, R T = = 1.2
RT 3 2 6 5
1 1 1 3 40
(ii) from which, equivalent resistance, R T = = 13.33 k
R T 20 40 40 3
1 1 1 1 7 16
(iii) from which, equivalent resistance, R T = = 2.29
R T 4 8 16 16 7
1 1 1 1 13
(iv)
R T 800 4000 1500 6000
6000
from which, equivalent resistance, R T = = 461.54
13
4. Find the total resistance between terminals A and B of the circuit shown below.
6 18
Total resistance between terminals A and B = 2 + + 1.5
6 18
= 2 + 4.5 + 1.5 = 8 Ω
series with the combination to obtain a total resistance of 10 . If the complete circuit expends
1 1 1 1
For the parallel branch, from which, R P 7.5
R P 20 20 30
360
from which, total current flowing, I = 36 = 6 A
10
(b) What additional value of resistance would have to be placed in parallel with the 20 and
30 resistors to change the supply current to 8 A, the supply voltage remaining constant.
20 30
(a) Total resistance, R T 4 4 12 = 16
20 30
V 64
Hence, total current, I = =4A
R T 16
20
and, by current division, I30 4 = 1.6 A
20 30
64
(b) If I = 8 A then new total resistance, R T2 = 8 and the resistance of the parallel branch
8
will be: 8 – 4 = 4
1 1 1 1
i.e. where R X is the additional resistance to be placed in parallel
4 20 30 R X
1 1 1 1
from which, from which, R X = 6
R X 4 20 30
8. For the circuit shown, find (a) V1, (b) V2, without calculating the current flowing.
7 7
Hence, V2 = 72 – 30 = 42 V or V2 = 72 72 = 42 V
57 12
1 1 1 1
from which, R P1 = 1
R P1 2 3 6
23
R P2 = 1.2
23
31
I1 = = 5 A, V1 = I1 (4) 5 4 = 20 V, V2 = 5 1 = 5 V and V3 = 5 1.2 = 6 V
6.2
V2 5 5 2 5 V3 6 6
I2 = = 2.5 A, I3 = 1 A, I4 = A, I5 = =3A and I6 = =2A
2 2 3 3 6 2 2 3
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
24
From (d), IT =6A
4
6
From (b), I1 6 = 3.6 A
64
5
and from (a), I 3.6 = 1.8 A
55
11. A resistor of 2.4 is connected in series with another of 3.2 . What resistance must be
placed across the one of 2.4 so that the total resistance of the circuit shall be 5 ?
1 1 1 1 1 1
i.e. from which, 0.13888....
2.4 R X 1.8 R X 1.8 2.4
1
Hence, resistor to be connected across the 2.4 resistor, R X = = 7.2
0.138888...
series with one of 4 . A p.d. of 10 V is applied to the circuit. The 8 resistor is now placed
across the 4 resistor. Find the p.d. required to send the same current through the 8 resistor
8 12
Total resistance, R T = (8 in parallel with 12) + 4 = 4 4.8 4 = 8.8
8 12
10 12
Total current, I T = 1.1364 A and I8 1.1364 = 0.6818 A
8.8 8 12
When the 8 resistor is moved, the circuit is as shown below.
V1 5.4544
Current, I 4 = 1.3636 A
4 4
48
Total resistance, R T2 12 12 2.6666... = 14.6666…
48
Hence, the p.d. required to send the same current through the 8 resistor,
1. For the circuit shown, AS is 3/5 of AB. Determine the voltage across the 120 load. Is this a
potentiometer or a rheostat circuit?
3
AS = 400 = 240 hence SB = 400 – 240 = 160
5
The simplified circuit is shown below:
200
Hence, supply current, IS 0.6482 A
308.57
Thus, volt drop, VSB = volt drop across the 120 load = IS 68.57 = 0.6482 68.57 = 44.44 V
The circuit is a potentiometer since the 400 shown in the original diagram has three connections
the load when (a) AS is half of AB, (b) point S coincides with point B.
(a) When AS is half of AB, then total circuit resistance, R T R AS R L = 250 + 25 = 275
V 150
Current flowing in load, I = = = 0.5454 A or 0.545 A
RT 275
V 150
Current flowing in load, I = = = 0.2857 A or 0.286 A
RT 525
The circuit is a rheostat since the 500 shown in the original diagram has two connections.
3. For the circuit shown, calculate the voltage across the 600 load when point S splits AB in the
ratio 1:3.
1200
Hence, 1 part = = 300 and 3 parts = 3 300 = 900
4
360
= 250 = 136.4 V (by voltage division)
300 360
250
(Alternatively, IT = 0.379 and VSB = IT 360 = 0.379 360 = 136.4 V)
300 360
120 1000
120 Ω in parallel with 1000 Ω = 107.14
120 1000
107.14
Voltage drop, V = 100 = 9.68 V = voltage across the 120 Ω load
1000 107.14
5. For the potentiometer circuit shown, AS is 60% of AB. Calculate the voltage across the 70
load.
60 70
60 Ω in parallel with 70 Ω = 32.31
60 70
32.31
Voltage drop, V = 240 = 63.40 V = voltage across the 70 Ω load
90 32.31
1. For the circuit below, calculate (a) the absolute voltage at points A, B and C, (b) the voltage at A
5 20
Total resistance, R T 15 6 21 4 = 25
5 20
100
Total current, I T =4A
25
5 7 13
Current, I1 4 0.8 A and I2 4 = 3.2 A
5 7 13 7 13 5
(a) VEarth 0 V VD 4 6 = + 24 V = VC
VA = VD I2 5 24 (3.2)(5) = + 40 V
VB = VC I1 7 24 0.8 7 = + 29.6 V
VAC = VA VC = 40 – 24 = 16 V
2. For the circuit shown below, calculate (a) the voltage drop across the 7 resistor, (b) the current
through the 30 resistor, (c) the power developed in the 8 resistor, (d) the voltage at point X
20 30
Total resistance, R T 18 18 12 = 30
20 30
12
Total circuit current, IT = 0.4 A
30
30 20
Current, I1 0.4 = 0.24 A and I2 0.4 = 0.16 A
30 20 20 30
(e) Absolute voltage at X means ‘the voltage at X with respect to earth’ = + 2.88 V
voltage at A relative to B.
3000 24 30
Total resistance, R T = 23.81 and total current, IT 1.26 A
3000 24 23.81
24 3000
Current, I1 1.26 = 0.01 A and current, I 2 1.26 = 1.25 A
3000 24 3000 24
30 30
More simply, from the circuit, I1 = 0.01 A and I 2 = 1.25 a
3000 24
VB = I2 8 1.25 8 = 10 V
(b) VAB = VA VB = 10 – 10 = 0 V
1. If four identical lamps are connected in parallel and the combined resistance is 100 , find the
resistance of one lamp.
1 1 1 1 1 4
and R = 4 100 = 400 = resistance of a lamp
100 R R R R R
2. Three identical filament lamps are connected (a) in series, (b) in parallel across a 210 V supply.
State for each connection the p.d. across each lamp.
210
(a) In series, p.d. across each lamp = = 70 V
3