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    24 - 25 PF Furnace'12

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    DSG
    The document summarizes pulverized coal fired boilers, including: - Coal is ground to a fine powder and burns like gas fuels - Types include wet bottom (slagging) and dry bottom - Design considerations include furnace size, heat release rates, and minimum depths

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    24 - 25 PF Furnace'12

    Uploaded by

    DSG
    59 views5 pages
    The document summarizes pulverized coal fired boilers, including: - Coal is ground to a fine powder and burns like gas fuels - Types include wet bottom (slagging) and dry bottom - Design considerations include furnace size, heat release rates, and minimum depths

    Original Description:

    PF furnace design

    Original Title

    24_25 PF Furnace'12

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    The document summarizes pulverized coal fired boilers, including: - Coal is ground to a fine powder and burns like gas fuels - Types include wet bottom (slagging) and dry bottom - Design considerations include furnace size, heat release rates, and minimum depths

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    59 views5 pages

    24 - 25 PF Furnace'12

    Uploaded by

    DSG
    The document summarizes pulverized coal fired boilers, including: - Coal is ground to a fine powder and burns like gas fuels - Types include wet bottom (slagging) and dry bottom - Design considerations include furnace size, heat release rates, and minimum depths

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Pulverized coal fired boiler

    •  Most widely used coal fired plant.


    PULVERIZED COAL (PC) •  Coal, ground to 75% below 74 micron,
    burns in a flame like gas fuels
    FIRED FURNACE
    •  Types:
    1. Wet bottom (slagging)
    2. Dry bottom (85% fly ash)
    Unit 24-25
    3. Front fired
    4. Tangential fired

    435 MWe
    tangential Tangential burner- Plan view
    fired PF

    1
    Tangential burner - Front view Heat release rates
    •  Volumetric heat release rate:
    w f LHV
    qv = kW/m 3 (1)
    Vf
    •  wf = kg/s fuel burnt, Vf = furnace volume, m3; LHV = lower
    heating value, KJ/kg
    •  Grate heat release rate
    w f LHV
    qF = kW/m 2 (2)
    A =axb
    f
    Af

    Furnace size depends on Fuel


    Typical values of Volumetric Heat release rate, qv Amount of flue gas, burning rate of fuel & slagging propensity also affects furnace volume.
    Boiler & Burner p- 121-122 Following diagram is for comparison. Not to be used for design

    Coal Type Dry-bottom furnace


    * Grate heat
    release rate for
    MW/m3 PF boiler for
    Anthracite biomass is highly
    0.110-0.140
    subjective as Pf
    Semi anthracite 0.116-0.163 boiler are not
    designed to fire
    Bituminous coal 0.14-0.20 biomass
    Lignite 0.09-0.15
    Oil (utility boiler) 0.23-0.35

    Biomass 0.024 – 0.176*


    Gas 0.35

    2
    Furnace volume is shown by
    Upper limits of average Grate heat release rate, qF
    hatched area
    Steaming Upper limit of qF in MW/m2
    Superheater capacity (ST= Softening Temperature)
    (tons/h)* ST ≤1300 °C ST =1300°C ST≥1300 °C

    130 2.13 2.56 2.59


    500 3.91 4.65 5.44
    1000 4.42 5.12 6.16
    1500 4.77 5.45 6.63
    Biomass 1.5-3.5
    • One ton/h steam is roughly equivalent to 0.75 MW heat input
    • To get the electrical power output (MWe) of the plant multiply heat input with (plant
    efficiency/100), which gives 1 t/h approx equal to 0.3 MWe.

    Minimum depth of furnace (bminimum) Shortest distance between burner


    It ensures that flame does not hit the wall facing the burner causing damage
    and Heating surface (Hfu)
    It avoids any potential flame impingement on the Superheaters
    hanging from the wall, which might rupture the tubes
    Steaming 130 220 420 670 >670
    capacity
    (t/h) Boiler capacity 65-75 130 220 420 670
    Coal (m) 6.0 7.0 7.5 8.0 ≥(5-6)dr * (t/h)
    Oil (m) 5.0 5.0 6.0 7.5 5 Anthracite (m) 8 11 13 17 18

    Bituminous (m) 7 9 12 14 17
    dr *-maximum nozzle diameter of swirl burner

    Note: A square cross-section is good for tangential firing. However Oil (m) 5 8
    the depth must not be shallower than the above limit Hfu is the height between top of the burner zone and superheater section

    3
    A video of interior of a
    Burner region heat release rate, qb pulverized boiler furnace in
    qb =
    w f LHV
    MW/m2
    operation
    2(a + b)H b
    B.LHV = Furnace heat release in MW

    It ensures that the peak heat flux and temperature is not too
    high to cause dry out and other severe conditions in wall
    •  http://www.youtube.com/watch?
    v=wySZl6JIwQw
    Fuel qb in MW/m2 •  http://www.youtube.com/watch?
    v=93M4djG0DiE&feature=related
    Brown coal & Bituminous coal 0.93 -1.16
    Anthracite and semi-anthracite 1.4 - 2.1

    Lignite 1.4 - 2.32

    Burner inclination
    Practice problem Air nozzle Tertiary Upper Upper
    upward downward
    •  A dry bottom pulverized coal fired furnace is to fire 19.8 kg/s bituminous
    coal having HHV of 28.91 MJ/kg . Ash softening temperature is 1350 C.
    Secondary Secondary
    Take appropriate design values from tables in lecture notes. Take the
    closest value to your output while reading a table.. Assume the furnace to
    Inclination 5 - 15 0-12 5-15
    have uniform crosssection and neglect its volume below the burner zone for angle
    volume calculation. Burner nozzle dia 1.5 m. Allow 15% safety margin while
    calculating the depth of furnace.
    Find:
    A.  Breadth and width of the furnace
    B.  Height of the burner zone
    C.  Height between top of the burner and superheater bottom
    D.  Height of furnace above superheater bottom
    The amount of flue gas produced from coal is 0.63 kg/ MJ heat input while the value for
    biomass is 0.70 kg/MJ under typical boiler operating condition. It was decided to cofire
    biomass (HHV 13.97 MJ/kg) by 10% of heat input. It is necessary to keep the superficial
    velocity through the furnace constant.
    E) What would be maximum allowable of energy input into the furnace.
    F) Calculate the feed rate of coal and biomass

    4
    A PC boiler plant STOKER    FIRED    BOILER  (1800-­‐)  

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