Kolida Kts 440 RC LC Manual en

CONTENTS
FOREWORD
1. Features ………………………………………………………..…………………………………………..6
2. Precautions……………………………………………...………………………………………………......7
3. Nomenclature……………………………………………………………………………………………... 9
4. Key functions……………………………..…………………………………………………………….....11
5. Charger entry……………………….………………………………………………………………….......13
6. Display symbol………...………………………………………………………………………………......14
7. Mode Configuration……………………………………………………………………………………....14
PART 1 PREPARATION FOR MEASUREMENT……………………………….………18
1. Unpacking and store of the instrument ……………………………………………………………….…..18

2. Setting the instrument up…………………………………………………………………………….…....18
3. Battery dismounting, information, recharging……………………………………………………………..20
4. Reflector and prism…………………………………………………………………………………...….21
5. Mounting and dismounting the instrument from tribrach……………………………………………….….21
6. Eyepiece adjustment and object setting………………………………………………………………...….22
7. Power on/off and preparation for measurement…………………………………………………….….......23
7.1 Power on/off…………………………………………………………………………………………….23
7.2 Vertical Angle Tilt Correction ………………………………………………………………………....….23
7.3 Display Illumination………………………………………………………………………………….….25
7.4 Setting the Instrument Options…………………………………………………………………………....25
7.5 Setting Instrument Constant………………………………………………………………………………28
7.6 Setting LCD Contrast……………………………………………………………………………..…...…29
7.7 Setting Date and Time…………………………………………………………………………..………...29
7.8 Explanations…………………………………………………………………………………………....31
PART 2 BASIC MEASUREMENTS …………………………………………………..…….32

8. ANGLE MEASUREMENT………………………………………………………………………...32
8.1 Measuring the Horizontal Angle Between Two Points（Horizontal Angle 0）………………………….…32
8.1.1 Example Measuring the Horizontal Angle between Two Points….. …………………………………….33
8.2 Setting the Horizontal Circle to a Required Value …………………………………………………………34
8.2.1 Use HSET function to set a required direction value ……………………………………………………34
8.2.2Use HOLD to set a required direction value ……………………………………………………………..34
8.3 Horizontal Angle Display Selection（Right /Left）…………………………………………………….….35
8.4 Horizontal Angle Repetition ……………………………………………………………………………...36
8.5 Slope in ％……………………………………………………………………………………………...38
9. DISTANCE MEASUREMENT………………………………………………………………….…38
9.1 Settings for Distance Measurement ………………………………………………………………...….. .39
9.2 Laser direction and laser plummet ………………………………………………………………….……41
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9.3 Distance and Angle Measurement…………………………………………………………………….…..42
9.4 Review of Measured Data …………………………………………………………………………….....43
9.5 Output Data to a Computer…………………………………………………………………………….....44
10. COORDINATE MEASUREMENT……………………………………………………………....45
10.1 Entering Instrument Station Data……………………………………………………………………..…46
10.1.1 Reading in Registered Coordinate Data………………………………………………………………..48
10.2 Azimuth Angle Setting………………………………………………………………………………….49
10.2.1 Set backsight point by Angle…………………………………………………………………………..49
10.2.2 Set backsight point by coordinate………………………………………………………………….…..50
10.3 Coordinate Measurement……………………………………………………………………………….51
PART 3 ADVANCED MEASUREMENT ………………………………………………...54

11. SETTING-OUT MEASUREMENT………………………………………………………………54
11.1 Distance Setting-Out Measurement………………………………………………..………….…………55
11.2 REM Setting-Out Measurement ………………………………………………………………………..58
11.3 Coordinates Setting-Out Measurement……………………………………………………..……………60
11.4 Distance Measurement Parameters Setting …………………………………………………….………..62
12. OFFSET MEASUREMENT ………………………………………………………………………64
12.1 Single-Distance Offset Measurement ……………………………………………………………….…..65
12.2 Angle Offset Measurement ……………………………………………………………………….……67
12.3 Two-Distance Offset Measurement………………………………………………………………..…….70
13. MISSING LINE MEASUREMENT …………………………………….………………………..72
13.1 Measuring the Distance between Multiple Targets……………………………………………………...73
13.1.1 Measuring the distance between multiple targets ………………………………………………………73
13.1.2 Slope in between 2 points……………………………………………………………………………..74
13.2 Changing the Starting Point……………………………………………………………………….……75
14. REM MEASUREMENT……………………………………………………………………….…..76
15. RESECTION MEASUREMENT …………………………………………………………….…..78
15.1 Re-Observing……………………………………………………………………….………………….81
15.2 Add Known Points……………………………………………………………………………………...81
16. Area Calculation……………………………………………………………………………………...83
17. Setting out line……………………………………………………………………………….……… 86
17.1 Defining baseline …….……………………………………………………….………………………..86
17.2 set-out line (point)……………………………………………………………...………………………89
17.3 Seting out line (line)…………………………………………………………………………….……..91
18. Point projection………………………………………………………………………………………....93
18.1 Defining baseline……………………………………… ……………… …………… …………..........93
18.2 Point projection ……………………………………………………………………………….….…….94
19. ROAD DESIGN AND SETTING-OUT……………………… …… …… ……… …… ……………...96
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19.1.1 Define Horizontal Alignment (Maximum data quantity: 30)………………………………………...….96
19.1.2 Edit Alignment……………………………………………………………………………….……...101
19.1.3 Define Vertical Curve (Maximum 30 data)………… ……………………………… …………….…103
19.1.4 Edit Vertical Curve ……………………………………………………………………………….…104
19.1.5 Inport Horizontal Alignment…………………………………………………………………………106
19.1.6 Import Vertical curve……………………………………………………………………………..…107
19.1.7 Receiving Horizontal Alignment Data………………………………………………………..…….. .108
19.1.8 Receiving Vertical Curve Data………… …… ………… … ………………… ……………… …...109
19.1.9 Deleting Horizontal alignment Data ……… … ……… ………………… ……… ………………...111
19.1.10 Deleting Vertical Curve……………………………………………………………………………111
19.2 Road Setting-out………………………………………………………………………………………112
19.2.1 Set Station Point……………………………………………………………………………….…….112
19.2.2 Setting Backsight Point……………………………………………………………………………...114
19.2.3 Setting Out…………………………………………………………………………………….…….117
19.2.4 Slope Setout………………..……………………………………………………………………….121
PART 4 DATA RECORDING ………………………………………………………………...124

20 SETTING IN MEMORY MODE……………………………………………………………...….124
20.1 JOB Selection ……………………………………………………………………………………..….125
20.1.1 Current JOB Selection …………………………………………………………………………..…...125
20.1.2 Check Memory Status……………………………………………….……………………..……..….126
20.1.3Create new working job…………………………………………………………………...…….…..127
20.1.4 Change the job name …………………………………………………………………………..……128
20.1.5 Delect Job………………………………………………………………………………………..….129
20.1.6 Coordinate Selection…………………………………………………………………………..……130
20.1.7 Job Export…………………………………………………………………………………..……….130
20.1.8 Coordinate Import……………………………………………………………………........................133
20.1.9 Comms output………………………………………………………………………………..……...133
20.1.10 Comms input………………………………………………………………………………..……..134
20.1.11 Transfer coord data to job…………………………………………………………………….…….135
20.2 Import Known Point Data…………………………………….……………………………..….……. 136
20.2.1. Input known Point Coordinate……………………………………………………………….……...136
20.2.2 Known Coordinate Data Import………………………………………………………….………….137
20.2.3 Known Coordinate Data Export…………………………………………………………….….……137
20.2.4 Entering coordinate data from an computer ……….…………………………………….……….….138
20.2.5 Sending known point data to computer…………………………………………………….………..139
20.2.6 Clearing Coordinate Data from Memory………………………………………………….…………139
20.3 Input Codes…………………………………………………………………………………..……….140
20.3.1Code import………………………………………………………………………………….……...140
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20.3.2 Receive code……………………………………………………………………………..…….…....141
20.3.3 All clear ……………………………………………………………………………………………141
20.4 U disk mode ………………………………………………………………………………………….142
20.5 Initialization…………………………………………………………………………………….…….143
20.6 All Files ……….……………………………………………………………………….…….……….145
20.7 Setting for Grid Factor…………………………………………………………………………………145
21. DATA RECORDING IN RECORD MODE ………………………………………………...….147
21.1 Recording Instrument Station Data………………………………………………………………...…...147
21.2 Recording backsight data…………………………………………………………………………..…..149
21.2.1 Set backsight point by Angle……………………………………………………………….………...149
21.2.2 Set backsight point by coordinate………………………………………………………….……...….149
21.3 Recording Angle Measurement Data………………………………………………………..………….150
21.4 Recording Distance Measurement Data…………………………………………………………….….152
21.5 Recording Coordinates Data …………………………………………………………………….….…153
21.6 Recording distance and coordinate data………………………………………………………………..155
21.7 Recording Notes ………………………………………………………………………………….…..156
21.8 Reviewing JOB Data……………………………………………………………………………….…157
PART 5 MEASUREMENT OPTIONS SELECTION……………………………...159

22. KEY FUNCTION ALLOCATION……………………………………………………………….159
22.1 Allocation and Registration ……………………………………………………………………………160
22.1.1 Allocating functions………………………………………………………………………….………161
22.1.2 Registering an allocation …………………………………………………………………………….163
22.2 Recalling an Allocation ………………………………………………………………………………..164
23. INSTRUMENT PARAMETERS SETTING………………………………………………...….164
23.1 Changing Instrument Parameters…………………………………………………………………..…...164
PART 6 CHECKING AND ADJUSTMENT ……………………………………………...168

24.1 Plate Vial……………………………………………………………………………………….……...168
24.2 Circular Level ………………………………………………………………………………….……...168
24.3 Inclination of Reticle ………………………………………………………………………………….168
24.4 Perpendicularity of Collimation Line to Horizontal Axis (2c) ……………………….. …………………169
24.5 Vertical Index Difference Compensation……………………………………………………………….171
24.6 Adjustment of Vertical Index Difference ( i angle) and Vertical Angle 0 Datum …………………………171
24.7 The adjustment of horizontal axis error correction………………………………………………………173
24.8 Optical Plummet ……………………………………………………………………………………...174
24.9 Instrument Constant（K）……………………………………………………………………………174
24.10 Parallel Between Collimation line and Emitting Photoelectric Axis……………………………………175
24.11 Reflectorless EDM………………………………………………………………………………176
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24.12 Tribrach Leveling Screw……………………………………………………………………………..176
24.13 Related Parts for Reflector……………………………………………………………………………176
25. SPECIFICATION ..................................................................................................................................................177
26. ERROR DISPLAYS………………………………………………………………………………..180
27. ACCESSORIES…………………………………………………………………………….…….. ..181
APPENDIX A BIDIRECTIONAL COMMUNICATION…………………………….182

1.1 Outputting Commands………………………………………………………………………….….182
1.2 Entering Command………………………………………………………………………………....189
1.3 Set Command……………………………………………………………………………………….191
APPENDIX-B CALCULATE ROAD ALIGNMENT……………………………….…192

1.1 ROAD ALIGNMENT ELEMENTS………………………………………………………………..…192
1.2 CALCULATION OF ROAD ALIGNMENT ELEMENTS…………………………………….….…194
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FOREWORD
Thank you for purchasing KOLIDA Total Station KTS440 (RC) (R) (LC) (L) series！
This manual is applicable for KOLIDA Total Station KTS440 (RC) (R) (LC) (L) series！
KTS440R (RC) series Total Station is equipped with visible laser reflector less distance meter.
In this manual, the parts which are marked “ ” are only applicable to KTS440R (RC).
Please read the manual book carefully before operating the instruments.
1. FEATURES
1. Complete Function
KOLIDA KTS-440RC series has complete surveying program, the functions of data record and parameter setting,
is suitable for professional and construction survey.
2. Secure Digital memory card（SD card）

With the advantages of large memory storage, rapid transmission data system, removable and secure functions,
various surveying data could be easily saved in the SD card and moved into computer through the port of lap top
computer and card reader. Please do not move out the SD card when operating the data stored in it, otherwise the
surveying data can be damaged. 1 MB space in SD card may contains 15,000 data.
3. Powerful Memory Management

Very large memory and the enhanced file management system can help you easily realize the function of
addition, deletion, modification, and transmission of the data.
4. Absolute Encoding Circle

With absolute encoding system, measurement can be started immediatley after booting up the instrument. No
azimuth information is ever lost even in sudden power break.
5. Reflector less Distance Measurement

The reflectorless function of KTS440RC enables you to carry out long-distance and high-accuracy measurement
directly towards various objects of different materials and colors (like wall of building, telegraph pole, wire, cliff,
mountain, clay, wooden stake, etc.) It’s the best solution to measure the hard-reach or unreachable object.
6. Abundant Surveying Programs

KTS-440 not only has the basic surveying modes (angle, distance, coordinate measurement) but also equipped
with special surveying programs, for example, REM, Offset, MLM, Staking-out, Road Design, Point Projection,
Setout line, etc, to meet the demand of professional survey.
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2. PRECAUTIONS
1.Never place instrument directly on the ground，as sand or dust may cause damage to the screw holes or the
centering screw on the base plate.
2. Before carry on the measurment, we need to have an overall check with the inrsrument, such as: battery,
parameters, and initial settings.
3. When working in a sun-baked (rainy or wet) day, please use the surveying umbrella to avoid damage. Besides,
do not aim the telescope at the sun without a filter.
4. When the instrument is not in use, put it in the case and keep the instrument from shock, dust and humidity.
5. If there is great difference between the temperature in working area and that in store place, leave the instrument
in the case till it is used to the temperature of outside working area
6. Clean its surface with a woolen cloth after using. If the instrument gets wet, dry it immediately.
7. Turn the power off before removing the battery, otherwise it may cause damage to internal circuit. When place
KTS into its case, firstly remove the battery and place it in the case in accordance with its layout plan. Make sure
that the inside of the carrying case and KTS are dry before closing the case.
8. No used for a long time, seperate the battery from the instrument and store them respectively. The battery should
be charged once a month.
9. Clean exposed optical parts with degreased cotton or lens tissue only!
10. During transporting, the instrument should be placed in its carrying case. It will be better to place some cushion
around the case to keep the instrument from the damage of shock.
11. If there is something wrong on the instrument, please do not disassemble the instrument unless you are a
professional technician
12. Never aim the laser beam of KTS440R (RC) Series Total Station at human eyes.
SAFETY GUIDE
Interior EDM（Visible Laser）
Warning:
The total station is equipped with an EDM of a laser grade of 3R/Ⅲa, which could be recognized by the following
labels:
On the vertical tangent screw, there is a label shows “CLASS III LASER PRODUCT”. A similar label is on the
opposite side.
This product is classified as Class 3R laser product, which is coordinated with the following standards.
IEC 60825-1：2001 “SAFETY OF THE LASER PRODUCT”.
Class 3R/Ⅲ a laser product: It is harmful to observe laser beam continuously. User should avoid sighting the laser
at the eyes. It can reach 5 times the emitting limit of Class2/ II with a wavelength of 400nm-700nm.
Warning：
Continuously looking straight at the laser beam is harmful.
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Prevention:
Do not stare at the laser beam, or point the laser beam to others’ eyes. Reflected laser beam is a valid
measurement to the instrument.
Warning:
When the laser beam is shooting at prism, mirror, metal surface or window, the reflector laser beam is also
harmful to eyes.
Prevention:
Do not stare at the locations with laser reflection. When the reflectorless function is enabled for EDM, do not
stare beside the laser beam or prism. Collimating the prism via the telescope unit is requested only.
Warning:
Incorrect application of Class 3R laser equipment is very dangerous.
Prevention:
To avoid being hurt, you must pay particular attention to the precaution measures and keep it under control
within the distance of possible danger according to standard IEC60825-1:2001.
The following explain the key sections of the Standard:
Laser instrument of Class 3R is applicable outdoors and in construction field (measurement, defining lines,
leveling).
a) Only those persons who are trained with related course and authenticated are allowed to install, adjust, and
operate this kind of laser instrument.
b) Relevant laser warning symbols should be easily identified within the operating range.
c) Prevent any person to look straight at or use optical instrument to observe the laser beam.
d) To prevent the harm caused by laser, block the laser beam at the end of the working route. When the laser beam
exceeds the limit area (harmful distance*) and when there are motivating persons, stopping the laser beam is a
must.
e) The optical path of the laser should be set higher or lower than the line of sight.
f) When the laser instrument is not in use, take care of it properly. The person who is not authenticated is not
allowed to use.
g) Prevent the laser beam from irradiating plane mirror, metal surface, window, etc., especially beware of the
surface of plane mirror and concave mirror.
* Harmful distance means the maximum distance between the start point and the point which the laser is
weakened to a degree that doesn’t harm people.
* The harmful distance of built-in laser unit is 1000m (3300ft). When the operation is beyond this range and laser
beam is weakened to Class 1R, direct staring at laser beam is less harmful.
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3. NOMENCLATURE
9
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4. KEY FUNCTIONS
The KTS-440R (RC) has a 28-keys keyboard. The keyboard has a power switch key, an illumination key, 4
soft keys, 10 operating keys and 12 alphanumeric keys.
·Power ON / OFF Key

Power ON ：Press POWER
Power OFF ：Press POWER for 3 seconds
·Light Key
Press key to turn ON or OFF backlight.
·Soft Key
The functions of soft keys are showed on the bottom of the display window of KTS-440R (RC) select these
functions by using F1 to F4 keys, press FNC key to view other functions in another page.
For example, the following shows the initial setting of the soft keys displayed in MEAS mode
Page 1 ：
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Name Function
HD (SD or VD) Start distance measurement
SHV Select distance measurement category(change between SD, HD, VD)
HSET Set the horizontal angle to a required value
EDM Distance measurement parameter setting
Page 2 ：
Name Function
0SET 0 Set of horizontal angle
CRD Start coordinate measurement
S-O Start setting-out measurement
REC Record observed data
Page 3 ：
Name Function
MLM Start missing line measurement
RESEC Start resection measurement
MENU Display menu mode
HT Set the height of instrument and the target
Operating Keys：
Name Function
ESC Cancel previous operation and return from MEAS mode to “Status Screen”
FNC 1. Change page. 2. Enable target-height inputting in staking-out, missing line, and
remote measurement.
SFT Turn SHIFT mode ON or OFF ( switch number input and alphabet input)
BS Delete a blank left
SP 1.Spacebar in IME(Input Method Editor)
2.Modify the distance measurement parameter.
▲ Move cursor / select options up
view the previous data in data list
▼ Move cursor / select options down
view the next data in data list
Move cursor to the left / Select another options
view the previous page in data list
Move cursor to the left / Select another options
view the next page in data list
ENT Confirm to entry or save data on that line and move the cursor to the next line
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Alphanumeric keys with shift mode OFF ：
Name Function
STU GHI Alphanet input ( enter the alphanet on the top of key )
1 ～ 9
1 ～ 9 Numerical input/Selection menu item
． Input decimal point : ．
Input symbol : \ #
Enter Auto-Compensation interface (None-Input mode)
+/- Input minus symbol : -
Input symbol : * / +
Enter the laser guidance interface (None-Input mode)
5. CHARACTER ENTRY
Job names, data numbers, codes, etc are entered to KTS-440 (L)(R) using letters off the alphabet and numerals.
Change between alphabetic and numerical entry by pressing SFT key. An S is displayed on the right side of the
screen when in alphabet entry mode.
Alphabet entry mode ←SFT→ Numeral entry mode
Entry in alphabet and numeral mode is performed as follows : (Eg ：Character entry JOBM2)
Procedure Operation Display

⑴ Enter Alpha-numeric input mode, Mem. Character Entry
Code： JOB
each key stands for three alphabets Alpha
and one number. Key S
Press the key, the first alphabet will +
be shown on the cursor position.
OK
Press the key by four times, the
number will be shown.
Mem. CharacteEntry
Code： JOBM2
⑵ Press SFT to enter numeral input
mode. SFT
OK
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Mem. Character
Code： JOBM2
⑶ When the entry is finished, press ENT. Saving
The original screen is restored.
OK
6. DISPLAY SYMBOLS
Some symbols are used in MEAS mode. Their meanings are presented below.
Symbol Meaning
PC Prism constant
PPM Atmospheric correction
ZA Zenith angle( Zenith 0°)
VA Vertical angle( horizontal 0°/ horizontal 0°±90°)
％ Slope in %
S Slope distance
H Horizontal distance
V Height difference
HAR Horizontal angle right
HAL Horizontal angle left
HAh Horizontal angle hold
Tilt angle compensation ON
7. MODE CONFIGURATION
KTS440R (RC) operates in a series of modes depending on your measurement need. This section
explains the relationship between the different modes and presents tables of the menus for each mode.
·Mode Diagram
Status Display
Measuring Mode Memory Mode Setting Mode
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1. Quick guide
（Measurement）
Meas. PC -30
测量. PPM PC0 -30 （Record）
S 111.3742 m 3
PPM PC 0 -30 7.Note
ZA 测量. 92°36′25″ JOB01 ↑
S 111.3742 m PPM3 0 8、查阅数据
HAR 120°30′10″ P1 1.Station data JOB01 ↑
SD ZA S 92°36′25″
SHV HSET EDM
111.3742 m 3 2. Backsight data
HAR ZA120°30′10″ P2 REC.
92°36′25″ 3.Angle data
0SET CRD S-O
HAR 120°30′10″ REC P3 4.Distance data
5.Coord. data ↓
MLM RESE HENU HT
6.Dist.and.Coord.data ↓
ESC
ESC MEAS （Menu mode）

Menu(2) ↑
6、后方交会
Menu(1)
（State Screen） 1.7、角度复测
Coordinate
2.8、面积计算
Set-out
2009-10-10 10：00：48 Menu 3.9、道路设计与放样
Offset-measurement
Model：KTS440(RC) 4. Missing line ↓
No. ：S129260 5. Remote measurement
Version：09.10.10 ↓
Job ：A:\ JOB01. JOB
Meas Mem. CNFG
ESC
Mem. CNFG
(Memory) （Config）
Memory (2) 1. Observation condition
2. Instrument parameters
Memory (1) 3. Date and time
1. Working job 4. Communication para.
2. Known data 5. Unit setting
2. Menu Table ：
3. Code 6. Key function
4. Road design
5. Format
① MEAS mode menu

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Name Function
SD (HD or VD) Distance measurement
SHV Select distance mode (Select between slope distance, horizontal distance, height
difference)
0SET Set horizontal angle to 0
HSET Set known horizontal angle
R/L Select horizontal angle right/Left
REP Horizontal angle repetition measurement
HOLD Horizontal angle Hold/Release
ZA/％ Switch between Zenith angle / slope in ％
HT Set the instrument height and target height
REC Data recording
REM REM measurement
MLM MLM measurement
RCL Display final measurement data
VIEW Display observation data for the selected JOB
EDM Setting EDM (atmospheric correction and target, distance measurement mode
setting )
COORD Coordinates measurement
S-O Setting-out measurement
OFFSET Offset measurement
MENU To menu mode
RESEC Resection measurement
D-OUT Output measurement result to external equipment
F/M Switch between meters/feet
AREA Area calculation
ROAD Design and Set out road
PROJ Point Projection
LINE Line Setout
② REC Mode Menu
Name Function
Stn data Occupied station data recording
Backsight data Record backsight bearing angle and coordinate data
Angle data Angle measurement data recording
Dist data Distance measurement data recording
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Coord data Coordinates measurement data recording
Dist.and Coord. Record distance and coordinate data
Note Note data recording
View Review job data
③ Memory Mode
Name Function
JOB JOB selection and management
Known data Known data input and management
Code Code input and management
Define roads Design of road date
U disk mode connect PC
Initialize Restore factory setting
All file management and editing of document
Grid factor Grid factor
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PART 1 PREPARATION FOR MEASUREMENT
1. UNPACKING AND STORE OF INSTRUMENT
· Unpacking of instrument
Place the case lightly with the cover upward, and unlock the case, take out the instrument.
· Store of Instrument
Cover the telescope well, place the instrument into the case with the vertical clamp screw and circular level
upward (Objective lens toward tribrach), tighten the vertical clamp screw and lock the case.
2. SETTING THE INSTRUMENT UP

Place the instrument on the tripod. Level and center the instrument precisely to ensure the best performance.
Use the special center point.
Operation Refer to ”Leveling and Centering the Instrument”

1. Setting up the tripod
① Make sure the legs are spaces at equal intervals and the head is approximately level.
② Set the tripod so the center of the head is directly over the surveying point.
③ Step on the tripod shoes to make sure the tripod is firmly fixed on the ground.
2. Installing the instrument on the tripod
① Place the instrument carefully on the tripod head
② Supporting the instrument with one hand, tighten the centering screw to fix it to the screw on the base
plate of the instrument.
3. Roughly leveling the instrument by the circular level
①Turn the leveling screw A and B to move the bubble in the circular level, in which case the bubble is
located on a line perpendicular to a line running through the centers of the two leveling screw being
adjusted.
①Turn the leveling screw A and B to move the bubble in the circular level, in which case the bubble is
located on a line perpendicular to a line running through the centers of the two leveling screw being
adjusted.
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4. Leveling by the plate level
① Rotate the instrument horizontally by loosening the Horizontal Clamp Screw and place the plate level
parallel with the line connecting leveling screw A and B, and then bring the bubble to the center of the
plate level by turning the leveling screws A and B.
② Rotate the instrument 90º(100g) around its vertical axis and turn the remaining leveling screw or leveling
C to center the bubble once more.
③ Repeat the procedures ①② for each 90º (100g) rotation of the instrument and check whether the
bubble is correctly centered in all directions.
5. Centering by using the optical plummet

1) Set tripod
Lift tripod to suitable height, ensure equal length of three legs, spread and make tripod head parallel to the ground,
and place it right above the measurement station point. Prop up tripod on the ground and fix one leg.
2) Install instrument and collimate the point
Set instrument carefully on tripod, tighten the central connecting screw and adjust optical plummet to make the
reticle distinctly. Hold the other two unfixed legs with both hands and adjust position of these two legs through
observation of optical plummet. As it approximately aims at the station point, make all three legs fixed on the
ground. Adjust three leg screws of the instrument to make optical plummet collimate precisely to the station point
3) Use circular vial to roughly level the instrument
Adjust length of three legs of tripod, make the circular vial bubble of the instrument in the middle.
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4) Use plate vial to level the instrument accurately.
①Rotate the instrument horizontally by loosening the Horizontal Clamp Screw and place the plate vial parallel to
the line connecting leveling screw A and B, and then bring the bubble to the center of the plate vial by turning the
leveling screws A and B.
②Rotate the instrument 90℃, make it perpendicular to the connecting line of level screws A and B. Turn level
screw C to make the bubble of the plate vial in the middle.
5) Precisely centering and leveling
Through observation of optical plummet, slightly loosen the central connecting screw and move the instrument
evenly (Don’t rotate the instrument), making the instrument precisely collimating to the station point. Then tighten
the central connecting screw and level the instrument precisely again.
Repeat this operation till the instrument collimate precisely to the measurement station point.
3. BATTERY DISMOUNTING, INFORMATION, RECHARGING

·Battery Removal Caution
☆ Before taking the battery off, make sure that the power is turned off. Otherwise, the instrument can be
damage.
PROCEDURE Inserting the battery

1. Put the battery on the main body of instrument.
2. Press the locking buttons on the top of battery to lock it.
PROCEDURE Removing the battery
Meas. PC -30
1. Press the clamps on the top of the battery. PPM 0
2. Take off battery. 3
ZA 92°36′25″
HAR 120°30′10″
·Battery Power Remaining Display
P1
SD SHV HSET EDM
3-5：70～100﹪ Full power
2：50﹪ battery power can last for almost 1 hour
1：10～50﹪ it is better to finish measuring soon, recharge it.
0： 0～10﹪ battery can last only less than 10 minutes only
Note: ① Working time of the battery is determined by environment condition, recharging time and etc.
② The remaining energy level of battery is related to current measuring mode.
· Battery Recharging
☆ Battery should be recharged only with the charger NC-30 together with the instrument.
☆ Remove on-board battery from instrument and connect to battery charger. When the indicator lamp on the
battery charger is orange, the recharging process has begun and will be completed in about 1.5 hours. When
20
charging is complete (indicator lamp turn green), remove the battery from the charger and disconnect the
charger from its power source.
·Battery Recharging Caution

☆ The charger has built-in circuitry for protection from overcharging. However, do not leave the charger plugged
into the power outlet after recharging is completed.
☆ Be sure to recharge the battery at a temperature of 0°～ ±45 °C, Recharging may be abnormal beyond the
specified temperature range.
☆ When the indicator lamp does not light, even after connecting the battery and charger, either the battery or the
charger may be damaged.
·Battery Charging Caution

☆ Rechargeable battery can be repeatedly recharged 300-500 times. Complete discharge of the battery may
shorten its service life.
☆ In order to get the maximum service life, be sure to recharge it once a month.
4. REFLECTOR PRISMS
During distance measurement, a reflector prism needs to be placed at target place. Reflector systems come with
single prism and triple prisms, which can be mounted with tribrach on a tripod, or mounted on a prism pole.
Unique Mini prism systems allows to be set up at corners that are hard to reach.
Illustrated are the prism manufactured by KOLIDA:
5. MOUNTING AND DISMOUNTING INSTRUMENT FROM TRIBRACH
·Dismounting
When necessary, the instrument can be dismounted from tribrach. Loosen the tribrach locking screw in the locking
knob with a screwdriver. Turn the locking knob about 180 degree counter-clockwise to disengage anchor jaws, and
take off the instrument from tribrach.
21
Mounting
Insert three anchor jaws into holes in tribrach and line up the directing stub with the directing slot. Turn the locking
knob about 180 degree clockwise and tighten the locking screw with a screwdriver.
6. EYEPIECE ADJUSTMENT AND OBJECT SETTING
·Method of Object Sighting（for reference）

① Sight the Telescope to the sky and rotate the eyepiece tube to make the reticle clear.
② Collimate the target point with top of the triangle mark on the collimator. (Keep a certain distance
between eye and the collimator).
③ Make the target image clear with the telescope focusing screw.
☆ If there is parallax when your eye moves up, down or left, right, that shows the diopter of
eyepiece lens or focus is not adjusted well and accuracy will be influenced, so adjust the
eyepiece tube carefully to eliminate the parallax.
22
7. POWER ON/OFF AND PREPARATION FOR MEASUREMENT
7.1 Power ON/OFF
PROCEDURE ·Power ON
Operation Display Note
Type: KTS-440RC After power on, instrument process self-check as

No: S88888 left.
Ver.: 09.10.10
Press
POWER
Finding SD card……. Checking the inserted SD card
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
S 111.374 m 5
ZA 92°36′25″ After Self-check, interface for measurement shows
HAR 120°30′10″ P1 up.
SD SHV HSET EDM
·Power OFF
Hold POWER for 3seconds.
NOTE ：If the battery has reached the level where it should be replaced, the symbol shown on the left is displayed
every 3 seconds. When it appears, stop all work as quickly as possible, shut off the power, and charge
the battery.
7.2 Vertical Angle Tilt Correction

When the tilt sensor works, automatic correction of vertical angle is displayed due to not level instrument. (Press
SFT and then press • ).
To ensure an exact angle measurement, tilt sensors must be turned on. You choose“ 2- axis”，
The display can also be used to level the instrument better. If the “TILT OVER” display appears the instrument is
out of automatic compensation range and must be leveled manually.
KTS440(R)(L) compensates the vertical angle readings due to inclination of the standing axis in the X direction.
23
PROCEDURE Setting Tilt Correction
Operating Procedure Operation Display
MEAS. PC -30
PPM
0
⑴ Turn on the machine, enter MEAS screen. POWE 3
R ZA 92°36′25″
HAR 120°30′10″
P1
SD SHV HSET EDM
2004-01-01 10：00：48
KTS-440
No.S09996
⑵ Press ESC to enter status screen. ESC Ver.2004-1.02
File:JOB01
MEAS MEM CNFG
Config
1. Obs. Condition
2. Instr. Const
⑶ From the status screen press CNFG to enter 3. Date& time
the configuration setting screen. CNFG 4. Comms setup
5. Unit
Condition
⑷ Select “1. Obs. Condition” and press ENT “1. Obs. C&R crn.: No
(or press numeric key 1). Use ▲or▼ key to align Condition” V. obs : Zenith
the cursor to the fourth line “Tilt crn”, use + Tilt crn. : Yes (H& V)
or to set the tilt correction method. Then ENT Dist mode: HD
press ENT to finish set. There are three options + Power off : Off
about tilt correction: There are three options: ▲or▼ ↓
NO, 1-axis and 2-axis. +
or
Config
1. Obs. Condition
⑸ Press ESC to return to setting screen. 2. Instr. Const
ESC 3. Date& time
4. Comms setup
5. Unit
6. Key function
If the instrument is not leveled, it is possible to see different results in different tilt correction settings.
Steps Leveling instrument
24
Operation procedure Key Display
Tilt sensor
(1) If instrument tilts over correction range, system
launch tilt correction function.
OFF X-ON XYON DIGIT

(2)Leveling the instrument according to the related
tilt sensor
chapter until the black point centered in the circle
X-ON: Only vertical angle be compensated
XYON: Both horizontal and vertical angle are
compensated
OFF X-ON XYON DIGIT
Press OFF , tilt correction will be off..
(3) Tilt sensor 2- axis

DIGIT showing the tilt angle value respectively on X: out of range
axis “X” and axis “Y”. Y: out of range
Once the“out of range ” shows on the screen, you
need to level the instrument manually until “out of OFF X-ON XYON GRAPH
rang”disappears.
When the electronic bubble is centered, the system
goes back to previous screen.
Note：
☆ For tilt correction, refer to “7.8 Explanations: Tilt auto correction”
☆ For contents of leveling instrument please refer to “2. Setup instrument”.
7.3 Display Illumination

·In dark places, it is possible to illuminate the display so it is easy to see.
PROCEDURE Backlight Illumination ON/OFF
1. Press to turn the illumination on.
2. Press again to turn the illumination off.
7.4 Setting the Instrument Options

·In setting Mode, make sure that the concerned parameters are set in accordance with measurement conditions.
·To confirm or change the parameters options, see“19.1Changing Instrument Parameters”.
Table 1 ：
25
Screen Setting Parameter Options（*：Factory Setting）
None *
Atmospheric Correction K=0.14
K=0.2
Zenith 0 *
Vertical angle format Horizontal 0
Horizontal 0±90°
Observation None *
Condition Tilt correction 1- axis
2-axis
Slope distance * (Sdist)
Distance Mode Horizontal distance(Sdist)
Height difference (Vdist)
Auto Power Off Auto power off after 30 min *
Switch ON/OFF by key
Coordinates format N-E-Z *
E-N-Z
Minimum angle display 0.1″ ： 1″ *
5″ ： 10″
Minimum distance 0.1mm
1 mm*
Key Beep On*
Off
Angle deep On*
Off
Result of Coordinate mearsurement Equal
in Face L/R Unequal
Table 2 ：
1200 b/s * ， 2400 b/s
Baud rate 4800 b/s * 9600 b/s
19200 b/s * 38400 b/s
57600 b/s ， 115200 b/s
8 Bits *
Comms Setup
Data length 7 Bits
None *
26
Parity ODD
EVEN
Stop bit 1bit *
2bits
Check sum No *
Yes
Transfer USB*
COM
Table 3 ：
Temperature ℃ *
℉
hPa *
Air Pressure mmHg
Unit inchHg
DEG *
Angle GON
MIL
Distance M (meters)*
Ft (feet)
27
7.5 Setting Instrument Constant
·Refer to “24.9 Instrument Constant (K)” to get the instrument constant value. Set it as following:
PROCEDURE
Config
1. Obs. Condition
2. Instr. const
(1) From Status Mode Press CNFG to enter CNFG 3. Date & time
4. Comms setup
config mode. 5. Unit
Instr. const：
1. V angle 0 point
⑵ Select“2. Instr. const”, press ENT (or press 2. Instr. const
2. Instr. const
numeric key 2) + 3. Contrast
ENT
⑶ After selecting “2. Instr. const”, press ENT “2. Instr. const：
Constant： 30 mm
(Press numeric key 2 is also ok) to enter Instrument
Mul cons: 0 ppm
instrument constant setting screen. constant”
The first row is Additive constant. +
The second row is Multiplication constant. ENT
Instr. const：
1. V angle 0 point
Enter
2. Instr. const
⑷ Enter the constant, press ENT, return to constant 3. Contrast ADJ
instrument constant setting screen. +
ENT
Note ：The constant of the instrument has been strictly set in the factory, so generally the user needs not to set this
item. If through strict measurement (ex. in standard baseline field and by special measuring organization) it is
necessary, the user can do that.
The Additive Contant is effective under Prism mode only (measuring distance with prism).
28
7.6 Setting LCD Contrast
PROCEDURE
Config
1. Obs. Condition
2. Instr. const
⑴ From Status Mode Press CNFG to enter 3. Date & time
4. Comms setup
config mode. CNFG 5. Unit
6.Key function
“2. Instr. const：

1. V0/ AXIS CONST
⑵ After selecting “2. Instr const”, press ENT Instrument
2. V0 Adjustment
(Press numeric key 2 is also ok) to enter constant” 3. Collimation
4.Horizontal Axis
instrument constant setting screen. + 5. Instr. Const.
ENT 6. Contrast Adj.
“3. Contrast adjustment

⑶ Select “3. Contrast ADJ” press ENT (Press Contrast Level ： 6
numeric key 3 is also ok) to enter contrast ADJ”
adjustment screen. +
ENT ↑ ↓
Contrast adjustment
Level ： 5
⑷ Press F2 or F3 to adjust contrast. F2or F3
↑ ↓
Instr. const：
1. V0/ AXIS CONST
⑸ Finished setting, press ESC or ENT return to
2. V0 Adjustment
instrument constant screen. ESC 3. Collimation
4.Horizontal Axis
(or ENT) 5. Instr. Const.
6. Contrast Adj.
29
7.7 Setting Date and Time
·It is possible to set or revise the date and time displayed in the “Status Screen”.
PROCEDURE
Operating procedure Operation Display
Config
1. Obs. Condition
2. Instr. const
⑴ From Status Mode press CNFG to enter CNFG 3. Date & time
4. Comms setup
config mode. 5. Unit
6.Key function
⑵ Select “3. Date & time” press ENT (Press Date & Time ：
numeric key 3 is also ok), use▲ or ▼ to select “3. Date & Date ：2009-09-01
Time ：143020
data and time options, enter the date and time by time”
using the numerical keys. The year, month, day, +
hour, minute, and second are all two digit ENT
numbers. Eg： OK
sep 9, 2009: 20090901
2 : 30 : 17 p.m : 143020
Config
1. Obs. Condition
⑶ When entering is completed, press OK,
2. Instr. const
return to config screen. OK 3. Date & time
4. Comms setup
5. Unit
6.Key function
30
7.8 Explanations
Automatic tilt compensation
When the “ ” symbol is shown on the display, the vertical angles is automatically compensated for small tilt
errors using the tilt sensor.
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
3
ZA 92°36′25″
HAR 120°30′10″
P1
SD SHV HSET EDM
Elimination of parallax
Parallax is the relative displacement of the target image with respect to the reticle when the observer’s head is
moved slightly up and down or to the sides while looking through the telescope. Parallax will introduce reading
errors and must be eliminated before observations are taken. Parallax can be removed by refocusing the reticle.
Power-saving automatic cut-off

To save power, power to the KTS-440 is automatically cut off if it is not operated for 30 minutes. It is possible to
turn the automatic power cut-off function ON or OFF function. Refer to “23.1 Changing Instrument parameters”.
Leveling by the tilt angle display

It is possible to display the state of tilt of the instrument graphically or numerically and level the instrument. The
tilt angle correction range is ±3.5′. (As below, press SFT then press • ) If the displayed angle value exceeds ±3.5′,
the instrument needs to be leveled manually.
Tilt sensor [XYON]

X: -0°09′21″
Y: -0°01′55″
OFF X-ON XYON GRAPH
31
PART 2 BASIC MEASUREMENTS
· This section explains the angle measurement, distance measurement, and coordinate measurement: which three
can be performed in MEAS mode.
· Measurement data can be recorded in the internal memory. For the recording method, refer to “21. Recording in
Record Mode.”
MEAS Mode Screen ：
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
3
ZA 92°36′25″
HAR 120°30′10″
P1
SD SHV HSET EDM
When the preparations for measurement are completed, the instrument is in MEAS mode.
8. ANGLE MEASUREMENT
·This section explains following procedures:

8.1 Measuring the Horizontal Angle Between Two Points (Horizontal Angle 0 )
8.2 Setting the Horizontal Angle to a Required value（Horizontal Angle Hold）
8.3 Horizontal Angle Display Selection (Right/Left)
8.4 Horizontal Angle Repetition
8.5 Slope in %
· When recording the measurement data, refer to “17.2. Recording Angle Measurement Data”.
· Check the following one more time before measurement:

1. The instrument is precisely leveled.
2. The battery is fully charged.
3. The vertical circle indexing has been completed.
4. The parameters are set in conformity with measurement conditions.
8.1 Measuring the Horizontal Angle Between Two Points（Horizontal Angle 0）
·To measure the included angle between two points, the horizontal angle can be set to 0 at any direction.
32
PROCEDURE
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑴ Press FNC on the first page of the “MEAS
5
Mode Screen”. FNC
Press 0SET, then 0SET flashes ON and OFF. + ZA 92°36′25″
HAR 120°30′10″
0SET P2
SD SHV HSET EDM
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑵ Press 0SET again, the horizontal angle of the 0SET 5

collimation direction is 0°00′00″.
ZA 92°36′25″
HAR 0°00′00″
P2
OSET CRD. S-O REC.
8.1.1 Example Measuring the Horizontal Angle between Two Points
(1) (2)
PROCEDURE
⑴ Using the horizontal clamp and the horizontal Meas. PC -30

PPM 0
tangent screw, sight the backsight point. From the 3
MEAS mode, page 2 menu, press 0SET, 0SET 0SET
ZA 89°59′25″
will flash, so press 0SET again, set the back sight +
HAR 0°00′00″
direction to 0. 0SET P2
OSET CRD. S-O REC
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑵ Sight the foresight point, the displayed Sight
5
(HAR) value is the included angle between 2 Foresight
points. Point ZA 89°59′25″
HAR 86°40′23″
P2
OSET CRD. S-O REC
33
8.2 Setting the Horizontal Circle to a Required Value
8.2.1 Use HSET function to set a required direction value
· It allows you to set the instrument sight direction to and required direction value.
PROCEDURE
⑴ After sighting the target, from the MEAS Set H angle
mode page 1, press HSET, enter the known HAR： 0 00 00 5
direction value. The right angle and left angle are HSET
described as [HAR] and [HAL].
OK
Set H angle
Enter the HAR：30 25 18

known
⑵ Enter the known direction value from Horizontal OK
keyboard, press ENT, the entered known value angle value
Meas. PC -30
displayed. and press PPM 0
ENT 5
ZA 92°36′25″
HAR 30°25′18″
P1
SD SHV HSET EDM
☆Rules:
Press to set the symbol of degree, minute, second.
When you correct entered data,

BS: erases the letter/ numeral to the left to the cursor.
ESC: Erase the entered data.
Stop the entry ：ESC
Direction angle calculation ：BS (See “10.2Azimuth Angle Setting”)
8.2.2 Use HOLD to set a required direction value
· It is possible to use the horizontal angle hold function to set the horizontal angle of the sighting direction to a
required angle.
34
· In advance allocate the function keys to display HOLD. For the allocation method, see “18.1.1Key Function
Allocation”.
PROCEDURE
Under MEAS Mode screen, Display the desired angle of the horizontal angle.
Allocate
Meas. PC -30
the PPM 0
3
⑴ Under MEAS mode screen, Display the function
HOLD function. keys to ZA 89°59′54″
HAR 90°01′00″
display
P1
HOLD SDIST SHV HOLD EDM
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑵ Use the horizontal clamp and tangent screw HOLD 3
to display the required direction value. Press +
ZA 89°59′54″
HOLD, the key start flashing, press HOLD HOLD
HAR 0° 0′00″
again, the [HAR] is in the hold status. P1
SDIST SHV HOLD EDM
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
3
⑶ Sight the target and press HOLD to unlock HOLD
ZA 89°59′54″
the angle, set the sighting direction to the
HAR 0° 0′00″
required direction value. P1
SDIST SHV HOLD EDM
8.3 Horizontal Angle Display Selection（Right /Left）
· It is possible to switch between Right Angle (horizontal angle clockwise) display and Left Angle (horizontal angle
counterclockwise) display.
· In advance allocate the function keys to display [R/L]. Refer to “22. Key Function Allocation”.
35
PROCEDURE
Allocate
Meas. PC -30
⑴ In MEAS mode, display the screen in which the PPM 0
3
[HAR] is registered. Horizontal angle display function
becomes [HAR]. keys to ZA 89°59′54″
HAR 117°31′50″
display
P1
R/L SD SHV R/L EDM
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑵ Press R/L, horizontal angle display switches 3
from [HAR] to [HAL].
ZA 89°59′54″
HAL = 360°- HAR R/L
HAL 142°28′10″
P1
SD SHV R/L EDM
8.4 Horizontal Angle Repetition
· To find the horizontal angle with greater precision, perform repetition measurement.
·In advance allocate the function keys to display [REP]. Refer to “22. Key Function Allocation”.
Backsight point foresight point
36
PROCEDURE
Repetition
Hah 0°00′00″
⑴ In MEAS mode, press REP, Repetition BS REP Reps 0
Sighting Screen is displayed. The horizontal + Ave 0°00′00″
HAh 0°00′00″
angle is 0. Sighting Take BS
“Take BS” means to sight to backsight point. BS point CE OK
Repetition
Hah 0°00′00″
Reps 0
⑵ After sighting backsight point, press OK. OK Ave 0°00′00″
HAh 0°00′00″
Right screen is displayed. “Take FS” means to Take FS
sight to foresight point. CE OK
Repetition
Hah 40°00′00″
⑶ After sighting the foresight point, press OK, Sighting Reps 1
Right screen is displayed. foresight Ave 40°00′00″
HAh 40°00′00″
Press C E to cancel the measurement result and point Take BS
measure again. + CE OK
OK
Sighting Repetition
Hah 40°00′00″
backsight Reps 1
⑷ Sighting backsight point, press OK, right point Ave 40°00′00″
HAh 0°00′00″
screen is displayed. + Take FS
OK CE OK
⑸ Sighting foresight point and press OK, right Repetition

Hah 80°00′00″
screen is displayed. The cumulative value of the Sighting Reps 2
horizontal angle is displayed on the second line foresight Ave 40°00′00″
HAh 0°00′00″
(Hah), the average value of the horizontal angle point Take BS
is displayed on the fourth line (Ave). + CE OK
When continuing the repetition measurement, OK

repeat step 4 and step 5.
· When the repetition measurement is completed,
press ESC.
· In repetition measurement mode, even if “Automatic Tilt Compensation On” is selected, horizontal angle
compensation will not occur.
37
· Maximum measurement frequency ：10 times
· Repetition display range ：3599°59′59.5″
8.5 Slope in ％
·KTS-440 allows to displays the gradient as a %.

·In advance allocate the function keys to display [ZA/%]. Refer to “20. Key Function Allocation”.
PROCEDURE
Allocate Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
the 3
⑴ In MEAS mode, display the screen in which function
VA 89°59′54″
ZA/℅ is registered. key to
HAR 17°31′50″
display P1
SD SHV HSET ZA/%
ZA/℅
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑵ Press ZA/℅, the vertical angle (ZA) is 3
displayed as a gradient (V%) ZA/℅
V℅ 0.00 ℅
HAR 17°31′50″
Press ZA/℅ again to return to the original P1
SD SHV HSET ZA/%
vertical angle display.
☆ Display range : within ±100％

☆ When parameter “Vertical angle format” is set to “Horizontal 0°” or “Horizontal
0°±90°”, “ZA” is displayed instead of “VA”.
9. DISTANCE MEASUREMENT
· This section explains the following information about distance measurement. First complete the preparations in
9.1 to 9.2 in order to perform distance measurements.
9.1 Settings for Distance Measurements
9.2 Returned Signal Checking
9.3 Distance and Angle Measurement
9.4 Review of Measured Data
9.5 Outputting the Data to a Computer
Note：
For KTS440R (RC) series Total Station, Measuring to strongly reflecting targets such as to traffic lights in infrared
38
mode should be avoided. The measured distances may be wrong or inaccurate
When the [MEASURE] key is triggered, the EDM measures the object which is in the beam path at that moment.
If e.g. people, cars, animals, swaying branches, etc. cross the laser beam while a measurement is being taken, a
fraction of the laser beam is reflected and may lead to incorrect distance values.
Avoid interrupting the measuring beam while taking reflectorless measurements or measurements using
reflective foils.
Reflectorless EDM
●Ensure that the laser beams cannot be reflected by any object nearby with high reflectivity.
●When a distance measurement is triggered, the EDM measures to the object which is in the beam path at that
moment. In case of temporary obstruction (e.g. a passing vehicle, heavy rain, snow, frog, etc.), the EDM may
measure to the obstruction.
●When measuring longer distance, any divergence of the red laser beam from the line of sight might lead to less
accurate measurements. This is because the laser beam might not be reflected from the point at which the
crosshairs are pointing. Therefore, it is recommended to verify that the R-laser is well collimated with the telescope
line of sight. (Please refer to “24.11 REFLECTORLESS EDM”)
●Do not collimate the same target with 2 total stations simultaneously.
Red Laser Distance Measurement Cooperated with Reflective Foils.
The visible red laser beam can also be used to measure to reflective foils. To guarantee the accuracy the red laser
beam must be perpendicular to the reflector foil and it must be well adjusted (refer to “24.11 REFLECTORLESS
EDM”).
Make sure the additive constant belongs to the selected target (reflector) has been input on total station.
9.1 Settings for Distance Measurement
· Perform the following settings before distance measurement.

· Atmospheric correction factor.
· Prism constant correction value.
· Distance measurement mode.
EXPLANATION Atmospheric correction
·After setting atmospheric correction, the distance measurement result will be corrected automatically, because the
velocity of the light in air is affected by the temperature and air pressure.
Calculate the atmospheric correction factor as shown in following formula.
39
If the unit is mmHg, please convert as:
1hPa = 0.75mmHg
If the atmospheric correction is not required, set the ppm value to 0.
·The KTS series are designed so that the correction factor is 0 ppm at an air pressure of 1,013 hPa and a
temperature of 20℃.
EXPLANATION Distance measurement mode
· The following are the measuring time and the smallest distance displayed for each measurement method when a
reflective prism is used.
·Fine Measurement
Accuracy ：±（2 + 2PPM×D）mm （D is the measuring distance）
Measuring time ： 3 sec
Minimum display： 1mm
·Tracking Measurement
Measuring time ： 1sec
Minimum display： 10mm
· Settings for distance measurements

Operation Display
Press EDM in page 1 of MEAS mode.
Set the following items Temp ： 20 ℃
Press ： 1013.0 hPa
1 Temperature PPM ： 0.0 ppm
PC ： -30 mm
2 Air pressure
Mode： Fine” s”
3 Atmospheric correction factor PPM Reflector: NON-P
4 Prism constant
5 Distance measurement method

After setting these, press ENT.
· Setting method and content ：
40
Items Methods
Temperature Methods 1: After entering temperature, pressure value, the atmospheric
Pressure correction will be calculated automatically and PPM in 4 is displayed.
Atmospheric correction PPM Method 2: Directly entering the atmospheric correction factor (ppm), after
entry, the values for [Temp], [Press] are erased.
Prism constant Enter the prism constant correction value suited to the reflector used.
Measurement mode Select it with or in following modes:
Fine“r”, Fine AVG“n=”, Fine“s”, Tracking
NOTE ：Temperature entry range: -40°～ +60°(step length 1℃) or –40 ～ +140℉（step length 1℉）
Pressure entry range: 560 ～ 1066hPa (step length 1hPa) or 420 ～ 799.5mmHg (step length
1mmHg) or 16.5 ～ 31.4inchHg (step length 0.1inchHg)
Atmospheric correction PPM entry range: -999 ～ +999 PPM (step length 1 PPM)
Prism constant PC entry range: -99mm ～ +99mm (step length 1mm)
Reflector type：KTS440R series Total Station can be set infrared laser distance measurement and unvisible
infrared distance measurement ，The reflector includes prism,non-prism and reflector sheet. You can set by
yourself according to your need.KTS440 series Total Station has the infrared distance measurement function only,
and the prism should match with the prism constant.
9.2 Laser direction and laser plummet

1. Press SFT and press +/- key to enter below screen.
Laser point
F1 Laser point ON
F2 Laser point OFF
Laser Plummet
Intensity: 2
F1 turn on Laser direction

F2 turn off Laser direction
2. Laser Plummet will automatically turn on after entering the interface.

Press▲ or ▼: to adjust the brightness of laser plummet.
Brightness value 0 : the centering device shut down.
Brightness value 4 : the maximum value.
Laser plummet will turn off automatically after quite laser direction inferface.
Note: This fuction is only available on the instruments which equipped with Laser-plummet.
41
9.3 Distance and Angle Measurement
· KTS-440 (R) (RC) supports angle measurement and distance measurement at the same time.
· For recording measurement data, see “21.4. Recording Distance Measurement Data”.
· Check the following once more before measuring a distance:
1 The KTS-440 is set up correctly over the surveying point.
2 The battery is full charged.
3 The horizontal and vertical circle indexing is completed.
4 The parameters are set in conformity with measurement conditions.
5 The atmospheric correction factor has been set, the prism constant correction value has been
set, the distance measurement mode has been selected.
6 The center of the target is correctly sight, the light intensity of the returned signal is sufficiently
high.
PROCEDURE S/H/V selection and distance measurement
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑴ In the first page of MEAS Mode, press SHV,
3
to select the desired distance mode.
SHV S m
Each time SHV is pressed, the distance
measurement mode changes.
S: slope distance ZA 89°59′54″
H: horizontal distance HAR 117°31′50″
P1
V: height difference
SDIST SHV HSET EDM
⑵ Press SDIST, when measurement starts, Dist.
EDM information (distance mode, prism
constant correction value, atmospheric correction SDIST Dist PC = -30
PPM = 0
factor, distance measurement method) is Fine “r”
represented by a flashing display.
STOP
42
The result of repetition measurement is displayed：
Dist. PC -30
PPM 0
3
S 1234.569 m
ZA 89°59′54″
HAR 117°31′50″
STOP
⑶When distance measurement is completed, a

short beep sounds, and the measured distance During average measurement, the distance data is
data (s), vertical angle (ZA), and horizontal angle displayed as S-1, S-2……
(HAR) are displayed.
Dist. PC -30
PPM 0
3
S-1 1234.569 m
ZA 89°59′54″
HAR 117°31′50″
STOP
Dist. PC -30
PPM 0
3
⑷When repeat measurement is performed, press S-A 1234.568 m
STOP after displaying the measurement values STOP ZA 89°59′54″
HAR 117°31′50″
to conclude distance measurement and display P1
the final results of the measurements. SDIST SHV HSET EDM
During average measurement, the average value of

the distance (S-A) is displayed when the designated
number of measurements has been completed.
☆ The distance and angle which are most recently measured remain stored in the memory until the power is
turned off. It is possible to display the measured values converted into the horizontal distance, height difference,
and the slope distance by pressing SHV. For the display method, see “9.4 Review of Measured Data.”
☆ If the single measurement mode and N-times= N are selected, measurement automatically stops after
appointed measurements completed.
9.4 Review of Measured Data
· The distance and angle measured most recently are stored in the memory until the power is switched off. The
distance measurement value, vertical angle, horizontal angle, and the XYZ coordinates can be displayed, it is
possible to display the distance measurement values converted into the horizontal distance, elevation difference,
and the slope distance by pressing [SHV].
· In advance allocate the function key to display [RCL]. For the allocation method, see “20. Key Function
43
Allocation”.
PROCEDURE
MEAS. PC -30
PPM 0
3
⑴ In MEAS mode, display the screen in which S 0.156 m
[RCL] is registered, and press [RCL]. RCL
ZA 34°45′09″
HAR 126°31′23″
P1
SD SHV RCL EDM
RCL (1)
S 0.156 m
ZA 34°45′09″
⑵ The stored data which is most recently HAR 126°31′23″
measured is displayed.
SHV
RCL (2)
N -1234.856
E 3445.988
Z 1223.778
SHV
RCL (1)
H 0.089 m
⑶ Each time [SHV] is pressed, S (slope ZA 34°45′09″
distance), H (horizontal distance), V (height HAR 126°31′23″
difference) are displayed alternately. SHV
SHV
MEAS. PC -30
PPM 0
3
S 1234.456 m
⑷ Press ESC to return to MEAS mode. ESC
ZA 34°45′09″
HAR 126°31′23″
P1
SD SHV HSET EDM
9.5 Output Data to a Computer
·The data of distance measurement can be quickly output to a computer.

·In advance allocate the function key to display DOUT. For the allocation method, see “20. Key Function
Allocation.”
44
PROCEDURE
DOUT
1. Dist data
⑴In MEAS mode, display the screen in which 2. Angle data
DOUT
DOUT is registered, press DOUT, following
screen is displayed.
Dist.
Select “1.
⑵ Use ▲▼ to select “1. Dist data,” and press Dist PC = -30
ENT (or numeric key 1) to start distance Dist data”
PPM = 0
measuring. Then distance mode, prism constant + Fine[s]
correction value, atmospheric correction factor， ENT
distance measurement method are represented by STOP
a flashing display.
Dist. PC -30
⑶ When distance measurement is completed, a PPM 0
short beep sounds, and the measured distance S 1234.569 m 3
data(s), vertical angle (ZA), and horizontal ZA 89°59′54″
angle (HAR) are displayed. Then the HAR 117°31′50″ P1
measured data begins being out put. When
STOP
repeat fine mode is selected, press STOP key
to stop the output.
NOTE: When “2.Angle data” is selected in step 2, the angle data which is displayed on the screen can be output.
45
10. COORDINATE MEASUREMENT
· After inputting instrument height and target height, it is possible to find the 3-dimensional coordinates for the
target based on station point coordinates.
· It is possible to set the azimuth angle of a backsight station by entering the coordinates of the instrument station
and a known point (backsight station) and then sighting the backsight station to be measured.
· The following preparations are needed for coordinate measurement.
Station point coordinates setting
Azimuth angle setting
· For the coordinate measurement method, see “7.4 Setting the Instrument Options”.
10.1 Entering Instrument Station Data
· Before coordinate measurement, enter instrument station coordinates, the instrument height, target height.
· Use a tape to measure the instrument height and target height.
· It is possible to set coordinate data into instrument.
· It is possible to record the set instrument station data in the JOB which has been selected. For the JOB selection
method, see “20.1 JOB Selection”.
· It is also possible to perform coordinate measurement when MENU on the third page of the MEAS mode is
pressed to enter Menu Mode, then “1. Coordinate” is selected.
46
PROCEDURE
Coord
1. Observation
⑴ Press COORD in the second page of the 2. Stn data
“MEAS mode screen”, the Coordinate COORD 3. Back sight data
Measurement Menu Screen is displayed.
N0 ： 1234.688
“2. Stn
E0 ： 1748.234 3
⑵ Select “2. Stn Data” and press ENT (or press Data” Z0 ： 5121.579
numeric key 2) to enter the station data. + Inst. h ： 0.000 m
Tgt. h ： 0.000 m
ENT
READ REC OK
⑶ Set the following items.
N0，E0，Z0 (instrument station coordinate), Enter the N0 ： 1234.688
E0 ： 1748.234 3
instrument height, target height. station data
Z0 ： 5121.579
Each time you set an item, press ENT. Then + Inst. h ： 1.600 m
press REC to record instrument station data. For ENT Tgt. H ： 2.000 m
the method of setting each item, see “17.4
READ REC OK
Recording Instrument Station Data”, press OK
to record in JOB.
Coordinate
1. Observation
2. Stn data
⑷ Press OK, setting complete. Coordinate 3. Back sight data
measurement menu screen is displayed. OK
NOTE：Coordinates input range

-99999999.999 to +99999999.999 (m)
Instrument height input range
-9999.999 to + 9999.999 (m)
Target height input range
-9999.999 to +9999.999 (m)
☆ Stop entry in progress: ESC (return to the coordinate measurement menu screen)
☆ Reading in the coordinate data : Press READ（See “10.1.1 Reading in Registered Data”）
☆ Saving instrument Station Data: Press REC (See“21.1 Recording Instrument Station Data”)
47
10.1.1 Reading in Registered Coordinate Data
· When you wish to read in and set coordinate data from memory, press READ in the “Instrument Station Setting
Screen.” It is possible to search for the registered data.
· Both coordinate data saved in the memory and that saved in the JOB which has been selected.
☆ Note: The designated JOB mentioned here, is not the JOB which is selected from Memory mode, but the
coordinate file which designated from Config mode “1. Obs condition”.
PROCEDURE
Read data
Pt 1
⑴ Press READ in the “Instrument Station Stn 1
Setting Screen”, the “Coordinate Data Point READ Stn 2
Crd 1
Number Display screen” is displayed.
Stn or Crd ：Coordinate data saved in the job ↓
VIEW SRCH
which has been selected,
⑵ Press ▲or▼ to align the cursor with the

required point number which was read in. To use Read data
the point number to search for coordinate data, Pt ：1
press [SRCH]. SRCH

·Pt: Point number
▲ view previous data
▼ view next data OK
turn back to previous page

go to next page
N ： 1234.688
⑶ Press OK to read in the selected point and E： 1748.234
display the coordinate data. Z ： 5121.579
OK Pt： 100
LAST :View other data TOP LAST P1

TOP :View other data
Press the key ESC to return to previous menu
Code : KOLIDA
TOP LAST P1
48
N0 ： 1234.688
E0 ： 1748.234
Z0 ： 5121.579
⑷ Press ENTER，the coordinate Measurement ENTER Inst. h ： 1.600 m
Tgt. h ： 2.000 m
READ REC OK
Coordinate measurement
⑸Press ok, display comes back to coordinate
OK 1. Observation
measurement screen.
2. Set station
3. set backsight
10.2 Azimuth Angle Setting

· After entering the coordinates of the instrument station point and backsight point, the backsight azimuth angle can
be calculated and set.
· Based on the instrument station coordinates and backsight station coordinates which have already been set. Sight
the backsight point, by a key operation, the azimuth angle of the backsight station will be automatically set.
10.2.1 Set backsight point by Angle

It allows you to set backsight azimuth angle by inputting angle value directly.
Steps
Operation procedures Key Display
Back Sight Data

⑴ Under coordinate measurement screen, usd▲▼
“1.Angle” 1. Angle
to select “3. Back sight data” PressENT (or
2. Coord.
numeric key 3), displays as right, choose“1.
Angle”.
49
Input angle
value Set Azimuth
⑵ Input Azimuth and press OK key.
＋ HAR：
OK 5
OK
Set Azimuth
OK
Sight BS point
⑶ Sight at backsight point and press YES.
HAR： 120°00′00″
NO YES
Record BS data
Coordinate
⑷ Finish azimuth zetting and returns to coordinate
1. Observation
measurement screen.
2. Stn Data
3. Back sight data
10.2.2 Set backsight point by coordinate

You can set backsight azimuth angle by inputting backsight coordinate, the machine calculates azimuth angle by
station point coordinate and backsight coordinate.
Operation Procedure Key Display
Backsight data
1. Angle
⑴ In backsight setting menu, choose “2.coord.”.
“2 Coord” 2. Coord.
⑵ After inputting backsight point coordinate NBS, Input

backsight Back sight point
EBS, ZBS, after each entry press ENT, then
point NBS ： 1382.450
pressOK . To use value in memory, press Readkey.
coordinate EBS ： 3455.235
+ ZBS ： 1234.344
ENT
+ READ OK
OK
⑶ the machine calculates backsight azimuth by
Set Azimuth
station point coordinate and backsight point
coordinate, screen shows as right.(HAR is the
Sight BS Point
backsight azimuth)
HAR： 40°00′00″
NO YES
50
Coordinate
1. Observation
⑷ Sight at backsight point, press YES, finish
2. Stn data
setting and returns to coordinate measurement menu
3. Back sight data
screen.
NOTE： Read coordinate value from memory.

Observation station coordinate value: Move the cursor to N0orE0orZ0 and press READ.
Backsight station coordinate value: Move the cursor to NBS or EBS or ZBS and press READ.
10.3 Coordinate Measurement
· The coordinate values of the target can be found by measuring the distance and angle to the target based the
settings of station data and azimuth angle.
The coordinate values of the target are calculated and displayed using the following formula:
Station point coordinates: (N0, E0, Z0)

Instrument height
Prism height
Height difference: Z
The coordinate difference from the instrument center to prism center: (n,e,z)
Unknown point coordinate: (N1，E1，Z1)
N1 = N0 + n
E1 = E0 + e
Z1 = Z0 + instrument height + z – prism height
51
· Measurement data can be recorded in the JOB which has been selected. For the JOB selection method, see
“20.1JOB selection”.
· Check the following once more before measuring.
1. The KTS-440 is set up correctly over the surveying point.
2. The battery is fully charged.
3. The horizontal circle and vertical circle indexing have been completed.
4. The parameters are set in conformity with measurement conditions.
5. The atmospheric correction factor and prism constant correction, distance measurement methods are set.
6. The center of the target is correctly sighted and the light intensity of the returned signal is sufficiently high.
7. The coordinate measurement preparations in 10.1 and 10.2 are completed.
PROCEDURE
Coord.
⑴ Sight the target center point, select “1. OBS” Select “1.
from the coordinate measurement menu screen, OBS” + Coord PC =0
PPM =0
then press ENT (or press numeric key 1 ENT Fine “ r”
directly).
STOP
52
N ： 1534.688
E ： 1048.234 3
Z ： 1121.579
⑵ When measurement is completed, the S ： 1382.450 m
HAR： 12°34′34″
coordinate value and the distance of the target,
STOP
the vertical angle, and the horizontal angle are
displayed. (If the current measurement mode is N ： 1534.688
set be repeat mode, press STOP key to stop E ： 1048.234 3
Z ： 1121.579
measuring and display the measurement value.) S ： 1382.450 m
HAR： 12°34′34″
REC OCC OBS
⑶ To record the coordinate data in the JOB, N ： 1534.688

press REC. Enter the following items: E ： 1048.234
1. Point number: target point number REC
Z ： 1121.579
2. Code: Codes or notes. + Pt. ： KOLIDA
After each entry press ENT
SAVE Ht ：
SAVE R.HT CODE
When the cursor is on the code line, code 001:1VS
function key show up automatically 002:123
Press the code function key, code list popup,
and then press ▲▼ to select code.
Or read in the code by imputing its serial VIEW SRCH DEL ADD
number
For example , imput 1 and its equivalent code
could be used N ： 1534.688
E ： 1048.234
Z ： 1121.579
ENT :return to previous menu Pt. ： KOLIDA
Ht ：
SAVE Save the data
SAVE R.HT CODE
Data recording
N ： 1534.688
⑷ Sight next target point and press OBS to E ： 1848.234 3
begin measuring. Press STN to access the Z ： 1821.579
station data input screen, re-enter the station OBS S ： 482.450 m
data.
HAR： 92°34′34″
· The re-entered station data will affect next
measurement. So if the target height changes,
enter the new value before measurement. STN OBS
53
Coord.
1. Observation
2. Stn data
⑸ Press ESC to end and restore the 3. Set H angle
“Coordinate Menu Screen.” ESC
☆ When recording coordinate data, note that:

The maximum entry length for point number is 14 characters.
The maximum entry length for code is 16 characters.
☆ To enter codes in advance, see Explanation “20.3 Input Codes”.
PART 3 ADVANCED MEASUREMENT
· This section explains resections, setting-out measurements, offset measurements, missing line measurements,
REM measurements, area calculation, road design and others which can be performed in MEAS Mode.
11. SETTING-OUT MEASUREMENT
·The setting-out measurement is used to set out the required point. The difference between the previously input
data to the instrument (the setting-out data) and the measured value can be displayed by measuring the horizontal
angle, distance or coordinates of the sighted point.
Display value = Difference between measured value and setting-out data
· For setting-out measurement, perform observation in face left.
· PROCEDURE：
1. Set occupied point.
2. Set backsight direction angle.
3. Input setting-out data
There are two methods：
Input distance and angle.
Input the coordinate of setting-out point (Np、Ep、Zp), the distance and the angle between occupied point and
setting-out point will be automatically calculated.
4. Perform Setting-out measurement
There is two method：
A、 From “2. S-O” screen, set above data, press OK to perform setting-out.
B、 After setting above data, return to set-out menu screen, select “1. OBS” to perform
setting-out measurement.
54
11.1 Distance Setting-Out Measurement
· The point can be found based on the horizontal angle from the reference direction and the distance from the
instrument station.
· From the menu mode, selecting “2. S-O” also can perform setting-out measurement.
PROCEDURE
(1)
(2)
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑴ Sight the reference direction, press 0set twice 3
in the second page of MEAS Mode. The 0set
ZA 89°59′54″
horizontal angle of the sighting direction is 0. +
HAR 0°00′00″
0set P2
SD SHV 0SET EDM
S-O
1. Observation
⑵ Press S-O in the second page of “MEAS 2. Set-out
Mode Screen”. The “Setting-Out Measurement S-O 3. Stn data
4. Set h angle
Menu Screen” is displayed. 5. EDM
55
S-O
Np： 1223.455
Ep： 2445.670 3
⑶ Select “2. S-O”, then press ENT, input Zp： 1209.747
following data: 1. Distance from the instrument Select “2. Tgt. h： 1.620 m
Dist： 23.450 m
station to the position to be set out. S-O”
H ang： 45°12′08″
2. Included angle between the reference direction + REC READ OK
and the position to be set out. ENT S-O
Dist： 23.450 m
After each entry, press ENT. H ang： 45°12′05″
REC OK
⑷ Press OK, the “setting-out observation

SO. H 23.450m 3
screen” is displayed. H 21.502
S.O S: the distance to the point to be set out. OK ZA 89°45′23″
HAR 150°16′54″
dHA : the horizontal angle to the point to be set dHA -0°00′06″
out REC SHV <--> HD
· to stop entry, press ESC

⑸ Press <-->. The angle to the point to be set ← 15°34′28″
↑ 6.324 3
out is displayed on the first line. An arrow
pointing to the left or right displays which <--> S 6.324 m
ZA 89°45′23″
direction the target should be moved. HAR 150°16′54″
REC SHV <--> HD
⑹ Rotate the top of the instrument until the

angle in the first line is 0°. When the angle is
within a range of ±30″, both arrows are ←→ 0°00′00″ 3
S 6.324 m
displayed. ZA 89°45′23″
·Meaning of the arrows. HAR 150°16′54″
REC SHV <--> HD
←: Move the target to the left looking from the
instrument station.
→: Move the target to the left looking from the
instrument station.
· Restore the setting-out observation screen: <-->
56
S-O
⑺ Set the prism on the sight-line and sight it.
Press HD to start distance setting-out HD S-O PC = 0
PPM =0
measurement. Fine “ S”
·Press SHV to select measurement mode.
STOP
⑻ When the observation is completed. The ←→ 0°00′00″

↑ 2.456 3
distance to the point to be set out is displayed on S 123.234 m
line 2.The movement direction of the target is ZA 89°45′23″
HAR 150°16′54″
indicated by the arrows pointing upwards and REC SHV <--> HD
downwards.
⑼ Move the prism toward and backward until

distance on line 2 is 0 m, then press SHV select
SD, VD to perform the measurement. ←→ 0°00′00″
↑↓ 0.000 3
When it is within a range of ±1cm, both arrows S 12.234 m
ZA 89°45′23″
are displayed. (If repeat measurement or SHV
HAR 150°16′54″
tracking measurement is performed at this time, REC SHV <--> HD
it is possible to display the measurement results
without any key operations while sighting the
target which was moved.)
↓: Move the prism towards your side.
↑: Move the prism away from your side.
←→ 0°00′00″
↑↓ 0.000 3
S 12.234 m
⑽ Find the place where the distance is 0 m. ZA 89°45′23″
HAR 150°16′54″
REC SHV <--> HD
S-O
1. Observation
2. S-O data
⑾ Press ESC to return to Setting-out ESC 3. Stn data
4. Set h angle
measurement menu screen. 5. EDM
· To record the coordinate of measured point: REC

57
· Select setting-out measurement mode:
Each time press SHV, setting-out measurement mode changes:
SD → HD → VD → COORD → REM
SD: slope distance setting-out measurement.
HD: Horizontal distance setting-out measurement.
VD: height difference setting-out measurement (the height difference between the instrument height mark
and the center point of prism)
COORD: coordinate setting-out measurement (refer to 11.3 Coordinate Setting-Out Measurement)
REM: Remote setting-out measurement (refer to 11.2 REM setting-out measurement)
11.2 REM Setting-Out Measurement
·To find a point where a target can not be directly installed, perform REM setting-out measurement.
PROCEDURE
⑴ Place a prism directly below or directly Dist.
above the point to be found, then use a Dist PC = 0
measuring tape to measure the prism height SD PPM =0
Fine “S”
(height from the surveying point to the center
of prism). Sight the prism, press SD STOP
in MEAS mode.
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑵ The measurement result is displayed (If in 3
repetition mode, press STOP). S 18.678 m
S: the slope distance to prism ZA 89°59′54″
HAR 90°01′00″
ZA: the vertical angle to prism P1
HAR: the horizontal angle to prism SD SHV S-O EDM
Set-out
1. Observation
2. Set-out
⑶ Press S-O from the second page of MEAS S-O 3. Stn data
4. Backsight data
mode. 5. EDM
58
S-O
Np： 1223.455
⑷ Select “2. S-O data”, then press ENT, input Select “2. Ep： 2445.670 3
following data: 1. prism height 2. the setting-out S-O data”
Zp： 1209.747
+
point height (the distance from the surveying Tgt. h： 1.620 m
ENT
REC READ OK
point to the point to be set out )
After each entry press ENT. S-O (2)
SO dist： 23.450 m
SO H set： 45°12′08″
OK
SO.H 1.828 M
H 1.828 M
⑸ Press OK. OK ZA 89°45′23″
HAR 150°16′54″
dHA -0°00′06″
REC SHV <--> HD
SO.Ht m
3
S 80.123 m
⑹ Press SHV, REM is displayed on the SHV ZA 89°45′23″
HAR 150°16′54″
bottom line of the screen. dHA 0°00′00″
REC SHV <--> REM
⑺ Press REM to begin the setting-out, after SO. Ht. –0.002 m 3

S 80.123 m
0.7 seconds, the distance between the ZA 89°45′23″
setting-out data and the measured distance is REM HAR 150°16′54″
dHA -0°00′06″
displayed on the third line. (S-O. Ht). STOP
Measurement results are displayed every 0.5
seconds.
⑻ After pressing <-->, then press REM, the ← 1°00′00″
displayed value is the distance from the sighted ↑ -0.002
H 80.123 m
point and the setting-out point. Two arrows <--> ZA 89°45′23″
mean the required direction meaning of the + HAR 150°16′54″
REC SHV <--> REM
arrows: REM
↑：Move the telescope near the zenith.
↓：Move the telescope near the nadir.
59
⑼ Rotate the telescope up and down until the ← 1°00′00″
↓ 0.000
value which displays on the second line is 0 m S 80.123 m 3
(As it nears 0 m, both arrows are displayed ), ZA 89°45′23″
HAR 150°16′54″
the point to be set out is now the center of the REC SHV <--> REM
reticle of the telescope.
Set-out
1. Observation
⑽ Press ESC to end measurement and return 2. Set-out
to setting-out measurement menu screen. ESC 3. Stn data
4. Back sight data
5. EDM
11.3 Coordinates Setting-Out Measurement
·This measurement is used to set out the point of a certain coordinate away from the reference point.
·After inputting the coordinates for the point to be set out, the required horizontal angle and horizontal distance and
store them in the memory. By using the horizontal angle and distance setting-out function, the required coordinate
location can be set out.
·It is possible to perform coordinates setting out measurement by selecting “2. S-O” from Menu Mode.
·It is possible to output the coordinate data previously entered and set it as the setting out coordinate.
60
·To find the Z coordinate, attach the prism to a pole, etc., with the same target height.
PROCEDURE
Set-out
1. Observation
⑴ Press S-O from the second page of the 2. Set-out
MEAS mode, the “Setting-out Measurement S-O 3. Stn data
4. Back sight data
menu screen” is displayed. 5. EDM
⑵ Select “3. Stn data”, then press ENT (or press N0： 123.789
E0： 100.346
numeric key 3 directly). “3. Stn
Z0： 320.679
Enter instrument station data (Refer to “10.1 data” + Inst. h： 1.650 m
Entering Instrument Station Data”) ENT Tgt. h： 2.100 m
READ REC OK
Enter the prism height, measure the distance
from the center of the target to the bottom of the
pole.
⑶ After inputting station data, press OK to enter Set-out
1. Observation
setting-out measurement menu. Select “4. Back Select 2. Set-out
sight data” and press ENT (or press numeric “4. Back 3. Stn data
sight data” 4. Back sight data
key 4 directly) to enter Angle Setting screen. + 5. EDM
(Set the bearing angle while referring to “10.2 ENT
Azimuth angle setting”. The setting-out

Measurement Menu screen is displayed.
S-O
⑷ Select “2. Set-out” and press ENT. Np, Ep, “2. Np ： 1223.455
Zp are the coordinates of the point to be set out. Set-out” Ep ： 2445.670 3
After each entry, press ENT. +
Zp ： 1209.747
Stop entry in progress：ESC ENT
Tgt. h： 1.620 m
Reading in data：READ REC REC OK
Recording data：REC
SO. H -2.193 m
H 0.043 m
⑸ After entering above data, the required ZA 89°45′23″ 3
distance and horizontal angle will be OK HAR 150°16′54″
automatically calculated and displayed on dHA -0°00′06″
screen. Press OK to enter the setting-out REC SHV <--> REM
observation screen.
61
SO. N 0.001
⑹ Perform the procedure from the step 5 to step E -0.006 3
10 in “11.1 Distance Setting-out Measurement” SHV Z 5.321
to find the point to be set out. To find the height + HAR 150°16′54″
of the point to be set out, press SHV to display CRD. dHA 0°00′02″
CRD.. Press CRD. to begin Elevation REC SHV <--> CRD.
Setting-out Measurement.
⑺ When the measurement is completed, the ← 0°00′00″

“Setting-out Observation Screen” is displayed. ↓ -0.006 3
Press <-->, then press CRD. to show the Setting <--> ↑ 0.300
- out Guidance screen. The value which is + ZA 89°45′20″
displayed on the fourth line is the height CRD. HAR 150°16′54″
difference to the point to be set out. The arrows REC SHV <--> CRD.
which contain 2 triangles show the required
direction to move the prism.
(If you want the difference to the point displayed
as the coordinate values, press <--> again after
measurement is completed.
→ 0°00′00″
⑻ Press CRD., move the prism up and down to ↑ 0.000 3
display the height difference value to be 0 m ↑ 0.003
(When it is near 0 m, both the arrows are ZA 89°45′20″
displayed. ). When the values which display on CRD. HAR 150°16′54″
the second, third, fourth lines are 0, the point to REC SHV <--> CRD.
be setout is found.
Meaning of arrows:
↑：Move upwards ↓ ：Move downwards
Note: Press FNC on keyboard to change
target height
Set-out
1. Observation
⑼ Press ESC to return “Setting-Out” 2. Set-out
measurement menu screen”. ESC 3. Stn data
To set out the next point, repeat the procedure 4. Back sight data
from step 4. 5. EDM
11.4 Distance Measurement Parameters Setting
It is possible to set distance measurement parameters here, such as temperature, pressure, atmospheric correction,
prism constant correction and distance measurement mode. The user should set above parameters before
measurement.
62
Set-Out
1. Observation
Select 2. Set-Out data 3
⑴ Select “5.EDM” from the Set-Out menu. “5.EDM” 3. Stn data
4. Set H angle
5. EDM
⑵Select following parameters:

1. Temperature Temp : 20 ℃
2. Air pressure Press : 1013.0 hPa
PPM : 0
3. Atmospheric correction value PPM PC : -30
Mode: Fine “s”
4. Prism constant correction 0PPM
5. Distance measurement mode
Set-Out
1. Observation
2. Set-Out data 3
⑶ Set all parameters and press ENT. ENT 3. Stn data
4. Set H angle
5. EDM
· Methods and contents

Items Setting methods
Temperature Method ①: After entering temperature and pressure, the atmospheric
Pressure correction value will be calculated and displayed in PPM.
Atmospheric correction PPM Method ②: Enter the atmospheric correction value PPM, now temperature
and pressure value will be cleared.
Prism constant Enter the prism correction value for current prism
Distance mode Press or to select from following modes:
Fine repetition, Fine N-time, Fine single, tracking
Note:
Temperature input range: -30°～ +60° (Foot length 1℃) or –22 ～ +140℉（Foot length 1℉）
Air pressure input range: 560 ～ 1066hPa (Foot length 1hPa) or 420 ～ 800mmHg(Foot length
1mmHg)or16.5 ～ 31.5inchHg (Foot length 0.1inchHg)
Atmospheric correction PPM input range: -999 ～ +999 PPM (Foot length 1 PPM)
Prism constant input range: -99mm ～ +99mm (Foot length 1mm)
Reflector type：
KTS440R (RC) series Total Station can be set visible laser distance measurement and unvisible
63
laser distance measurement ，The reflector includes prism,non-prism and reflector sheet. You can set by yourself
according to your need. KTS440L (LC) series Total Station has the unvisible laser distance measurement function
only, and the prism should match with the prism constant.
12. OFFSET MEASUREMENT
· Offset measurements are performed in order to find a point where a target can not be installed directly or to find
the distance and angle to a point which can not be sighted. It is possible to find the distance and angle to a point
you wish to measure (target point) by installing the target at a location (offset point) a little distance from the
target point and measuring the distance and angle from the surveying point to the offset point.
· The target point can be found in the three ways explained below:
Diagram Method
1. Single distance offset measurement
·When the offset point is positioned to the left or right of the
target point, make sure the angle formed by lines connecting
the offset point to the target point and to the instrument station
is approximately 90°.
· When the offset point is positioned in front of or behind the

target point, install the offset point on a line linking the
instrument station with the target point.
2. Angle offset measurement
· Install the offset point as close as possible to the target point to

its left or right.
64
3. Dual distance offset measurement
· Install the offset point A and B on a line extending from the

target point, measure A and B, then enter the distance
between B and the target point to find the target point.
·In advance allocate the function keys to display OFFSET. For the method, see “20. Key Function Allocation.”
·It is also possible to perform offset measurement when “3. Offset” is selected from Menu Mode.
·Offset measurement is performed using the measurement method used before you started up the offset
measurement.
12.1 Single-Distance Offset Measurement
·When the offset point is positioned to left or right of the target point, make sure the angle formed by lines
connecting the offset point to the target point and to the instrument station is almost 90°. When the offset point is in
front of or behind the target point, installs the offset point on a line linking the instrument station with the target
point.
65
PROCEDURE
Dist
⑴ Sight the offset point then press SD in the SD Dist PC = 0

PPM =0
MEAS Mode Screen. Fine “S”
STOP
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑵ When the measurement is completed, or S 18.678 m
during repeat measurement, press STOP, the ZA 89°59′54″
slope distance from station point to offset point, HAR 90°01′00″
vertical angle, horizontal angle are displayed. P1
SD SHV HSET EDM
Offset
1. Offset/Dist
2. Offset/Angle
⑶ In Meas Mode, display the screen in which OFFS 3. Offset/2D
OFFS is registered. Press OFFS to enter the 4. Stn data
“Offset Menu Screen” is displayed.
S 10.865 m
⑷ Select “1. Offset/Dist” then press ENT, the ZA 87°58′38″ 3
Offset Observation Screen is displayed. “1. HAR 112°34′23″
Select the following items: Offset/Dist” Dist： 2.450 m
1. Horizontal distance from the target point to the Direc： →
offset point. +
OK OBS
2. Direction of the offset point. ENT
After each entry press ENT.
Offset/Dist
S 10.865 m
ZA 87°58′38″
HAR 112°34′23″
⑸ Press OK to display the Offset Measurement OK
result screen. There will be different contents + REC COORD
under different measurement mode.
COORD
(or DIST)
Offset/Dist
N 2.345
E 1.234
Z 0.569
REC DIST
66
*N: 10.29m
*E: 50.22m
*Z: 10.4 m
⑹ Press REC to record the results. Set the Pt.: 10
following items while referring to “21.4 Code: KOLIDA
Recording Distance Measurement data.” SAVE R.HT CODE
1. Point number (Target point number)
2. Code (press CODE to read in code)
3. Target height (press R.HT) Input Tgt. h
After each entry press ENT. REC
· Maximum point number size: 14 characters
· Maximum code size input: 16 characters Tgt.h: 0.000m
OK
Offset
1. Offset/Dist
⑺ Press SAVE to record the data and return to 2. Offset/Angle
Offset Menu Screen. SAVE 3. Offset/2D
· To return to Offset Measurement Menu screen 4. Stn data
press ESC
NOTE：☆In step 4, offset distance entry range: 9999.999 m, Input unit: 0.001 m
☆Direction of offset point:
→ offset point on the right of the target point
← offset point on the left of the target point
↑ offset point in the front of the target point
↓ offset point behind the target point
☆Re-observation of the offset point: OBS.
12.2 Angle Offset Measurement
· Install offset points for the target point on the right and left sides of and as close as possible to the target point. The
target height and the height of offset points should be identical.
67
PROCEDURE
Dist
Dist PC =0
PPM =0
⑴ Sight the target of the offset points and press SD Fine “S”
SD in Meas mode.
STOP
Meas. PC -30
⑵ When observation is completed or after the PPM 0
measurement values are displayed during S 11.678 m
continuous measurement, press STOP to restore ZA 59°39′54″
the “MEAS Mode Screen.” The slope distance, HAR 90°01′00″
vertical angle and horizontal angle from the P1
station point to offset points are displayed. SD SHV OFFS EDM
Offset
1. Offset/Dist
2. Offset/Angle
⑶ In MEAS mode, display the screen in which OFFS 3. Offset/2D
OFFS is registered. Press OFFSET, the “Offset 4. Stn data
Menu Screen” is displayed.
68
Offset/Angle.
2nd obs. ok？
“2.
S 22.200 m
⑷ Select “2. Offset/Dist” and press ENT, the Offset/Dist” ZA 76°42′05″
“Target Point Observation Screen” is displayed. HAR 156°34′23″
+
ENT OK OBS
Offset/Angle.
S 22.200 m
ZA 76°42′05″
⑸Press OK to display the Offset Measurement HAR 156°34′23″
Result screen. OK
+ REC DIST
CRD.
Offset/Angle.
(or
DIST ) N 2.345
E 1.234
Z 0.569
REC CRD.
*N: 10.29m
*E: 50.22m
*Z: 10.4 m
Pt.: 10
Code: KOLIDA
SAVE R.HT CODE
REC
⑹ Press REC to record measurement result.
(See “21.4 Recording Distance Measurement.”)
Input Tgt. h
Tgt.h: 0.000m
OK
Offset
1. Offset/Dist
2. Offset/Angle
⑺ Press SAVE to record the data and return to SAVE 3. Offset/2D
the Offset Measurement Menu Screen. 4. Stn data
69
12.3 Two-Distance Offset Measurement
·Install two offset points (1st target and 2nd target) on a straight line from the target point, observe the 1st target and
2nd target, then enter the distance between the 2nd target and the target point to find the target point.
☆ NOTE：
1. The offset distance of Two-distance Offset Measurement depends on the distance between offset point 2 and
target point on the line which consisted of target point, offset point 1and offset point 2.
2. Measure the distance from the target point to the 2nd target.
PROCEDURE
Offset
1. Offset/Dist
⑴ In Meas Mode, display the screen in which 2. Offset/Angle
OFFS is registered. Press OFFS to display the OFFS 3. Offset/2D
4. Stn data
“Offset Measurement Menu Screen.”
Offset/2D
“3. Take 1 st point.

⑵ Select “3. Offset/2D” and press ENT. Offset/2D”
+ ZA 89°47′23″
ENT HAR 150°16′12″
OBS.
70
Dist
Dist PC = 0
PPM =0
⑶ Sight prism 1, press OBS. to begin OBS. Fine “S”
measurement.
STOP
Offset/2D
N 19.234
⑷ When observation has been completed or E 5.098
after the measurement values are displayed Z 1.234
during repeat measurement, press STOP to Sure ?
display the “1 st Target Observation Result NO YES
Screen.” The coordinates of the 1 st are displayed.
Offset/2D
⑸ Press YES, the “2 nd Target Observation Take 2 nd point.
Screen” is displayed. (If to re-observe prism 1, YES
ZA 89°47′23″
press NO) HAR 150°16′12″
OBS.
Dist.
⑹ Sight prism 2 and press OBS. to begin OBS. Dist PC = 0

PPM =0
measurement. Fine “S”
STOP
Offset/2D
⑺after measurement finished. Press STOP to
display the “2 nd Target Observation Result N 9.234
Screen.” The coordinates of the 2 nd are E 5.098
displayed. Z 1.234
Sure ?
NO YES
Offset/2D
⑻ Press YES, the “Offset Distance Entry
Screen” is displayed. (Discard the data and B-C： 1.800 m
observe the 2 nd target again: press NO) YES
OK
71
Offset/2D
⑼ Enter the distance from the 2 nd target to the N 9.234
target point and press ENT. The coordinates of ENT E 5.098
Z 1.234
the target point are calculated and displayed.
REC CRD.
(10) N 9.234 m
Press REC to input the Pt and code. E 5.098m
Z 1.234m
Press R.HT to input Target height. Pt k2009
Press CODE to read in the recorded code in Code KOLIDA
SAVE R.HT CODE
memory.
Offset
1. Offset/Dist
2. Offset/Angle
⑽ Press SAVE to save data and return to the SAVE 3. Offset/2D
4. Stn data
“Offset Measurement Menu screen.”
Offset distance entry range: ±9999.999 m Minimum entry unit：0.001 m

· Discard the data and observe again: press ESC
· Record the result in JOB: SAVE (See “21.4 Recording Distance Measurement Data”)
13. MISSING LINE MEASUREMENT
· Missing line measurement is used to measure the slope distance, horizontal distance, and height difference to a
target from the target which is the reference (point 1) without moving the instrument.
72
· To find the height difference between 2 points, use a pole to make the target height of all the targets identical.
13.1 Measuring the Distance Between Multiple Targets
· It is possible to perform Missing Line Measurement by selecting “4. MLM” from the Menu mode.
13.1.1 Measuring the distance between multiple targets

Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑴ Sight the target of the first target P1, then
S 11.678 m
press SD in Meas Mode. After the measurement SD ZA 59°39′54″
finished, press STOP after the measured values HAR 90°01′00″
P2
are displayed to restore the “MEAS Mode SD SHV HSET EDM
Screen.”
MLM
⑵ Sight the target P2, then press MLM in the
third page of the “MEAS Mode Screen.” MLM Dist PC = 0
PPM =0
Fine “S”
STOP
73
⑶ When the measurement is completed, the
“Missing Line Measurement Result Screen” is
MLM S 20.757 m
displayed. H 27.345 m 3
V 1.020 m
MLM S：Slope distance of the starting position S 15.483 m
and 2nd target. HAR 135°31′28″
MLM MOVE SD OBS
H：Horizontal distance of the starting position and
2nd target.
V：Height difference of the starting position and
2nd target.
S：Slope distance of the instrument station and
2nd target.
HAR：Horizontal angle of the instrument station
and 2nd target.
⑷ Sight the target P 3 and press MLM. When MLM S 10.757 m
the observation is completed, the slope distance, H 37.345 m 3
horizontal distance, and height difference from V 1.060 m
between starting position P1 and target point P3. S 15.483 m
It is possible to measure the slope distance, HAR 135°31′28″
horizontal distance, and height difference from MLM
MLM MOVE SD OBS
starting point to any other point using the same
procedure.
· Re-observe the starting point: OBS
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
S 11.678 m
⑸ Press ESC to end the MLM measurement. ESC
ZA 59°39′54″
HAR 90°01′00″
P2
MLM REC MENU INST. H
13.1.2 Slope in between 2 points
·It is possible to display the gradient of the starting position and target as a %.
MLM S 46.755℅
⑴ Press S/% with the MLM measured values H 37.345 m 3
V 1.060 m
displayed. The gradient of the two points is S/% S 15.483 m
displayed as a% on the second line. Then S/% is HAR 135°31′28″
MLM MOVE S/% OBS
changed to SD.
74
MLM S 10.757 m
H 37.345 m 3
V 1.060 m
⑵ Press SD again, returns to the original screen. S 15.483 m
SD ZA 70°24′18″
HAR 135°31′28″
MLM MOVE SD OBS
13.2 Changing the Starting Point

· It is possible to change the last measured point to the next starting point.
PROCEDURE
MLM S 46.755％
H 37.345 m 3
⑴ Observe the starting position and target
V 1.060 m
following the steps 1 to 3 in “Chapter 13.1.1 S 15.483 m
HAR 135°31′28″
Measuring the distance between multiple
MLM MOVE S/% OBS
targets.”
Move ？
⑵ Press MOVE with the “Missing Line
S 15.483 m
Measurement Results Screen” displayed. MOVE ZA 70°24′18″
HAR 135°31′28″
Press MOVE to change the last measured point
NO YES
to the starting point.
75
MLM
⑶ Press YES, the last target measured becomes
the new starting position. Refer to “13.1.1 YES S 15.483 m
Measuring the Distance Between Multiple
ZA 70°24′18″
Targets”, perform missing line measurement of
HAR 135°31′28″
the next target point.
MLM MOVE S/% OBS
14. REM MEASUREMENT

· An REM measurement is a function used to measure the height to a point where a target can not be directly
installed, for example a power cable, bridge, etc.
· The height of the target is calculated using the following formula.

Ht = h1 + h2
h2 = Sinθz1 × Ctgθz2 – Scosθz1
· When an REM measurement is performed, the initial measurement is performed after 0.7 seconds and later
measurements are performed at 0.5 second intervals no matter which distance measurement method is selected.
· In advance allocate the function keys to display REM. For the allocation method, see “20. Key Function
Allocation.”
· It is also possible to perform REM measurement when “5. REM” is pressed under the Menu Mode.
76
PROCEDURE
⑴ Set the prism directly under or directly over Height
the object and measure the target height with a Tgt.h. ： 1.650 m
HT Inst. h. ： 2.000 m
tape measure.
Press HT on the third page of “MEAS Mode
Screen”. The “Height Setting Screen” is
displayed. OK
Dist.
⑵ Enter the prism height and press OK, sight Dist PC = 0
the prism. Press SD on the first page of the OK PPM =0
+ Fine “S”
MEAS Mode to begin distance measurement. SD
(The Distance mode may be either SD, HD, or STOP
VD).
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
S 11.678 m
⑶ When the observation is completed, the ZA 59°39′54″
distance measurement result is displayed. HAR 90°01′00″
P2
SD SHV HSET EDM
REM
⑷ Sight the target, display the screen in which Ht. 0.052 m 3
REM is registered. Press REM to begin the S 13.123 m
REM measurement. 0.7 seconds later, the height ZA 89°23′54″
from the surveying point to the target is displayed REM HAR 117°12′17″
in HT. Afterwards, the measurement values are
completed every 0.5 seconds. STOP
REM
Ht. 0.052 m 3
⑸ Press STOP to end the REM measurement S 13.123 m
operation. ZA 89°23′54″
· Re-observe the target (distance measurement): STOP HAR 117°12′17″
OBS (Afterwards returns to step 2.) REM OBS
· Start REM measurement: REM
77
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑹ Press ESC to return to the measurement S 11.678 m
mode screen. ESC
ZA 59°39′54″
Maximum angle of measurement possible: ±89° HAR 90°01′00″
Max. measurement distance (Ht.): ±9999.999 m P2
SD SHV REM EDM
Note:
To change target height, press FNC key
15. RESECTION MEASUREMENT

· Resection is used to determine the coordinates of the instrument station by performing multiple measurements of
points whose coordinate values are known.
Entry Output
Ni、Ei、Zi: coordinates of known point
Hi : Observed horizontal angle N0, E0, Z0: station point
Vi ：Observed vertical angle coordinates
Di ：Observed distance
·The KTS-440 (R)(RC) can calculate the instrument station coordinates by observing 2 to 4 known points.
1. When the distance can be measured, at least 2 known points are required.
2. When it not possible to measure distance, at least 3 known points are required.
· It is also possible to perform resection measurement by selecting “6. Resection” in the menu mode.
78
· It is possible to read in a coordinate data registered in advance.
· It is possible to record set known point coordinate data or calculated instrument station data in the JOB which has
been selected. For the JOB selection method, see “16.1 JOB Selection”.
· The target height set here returns to its previously set value after the resection process is completed.
PROCEDURE
⑴ Press RESEC in the third page of Meas Resection
Pt. 1
Mode. N 0.000 m 3
Enter coordinate values for the 1 st known point E 0.000 m
Z 0.000 m
and press ENT. RESEC
· Stopping an entry in progress: ESC READ REC OK
· Reading in data: READ

· Record data: REC
Resection
⑵ When coordinate entry for the 1 st point has Enter Pt. 2
N 0.000 m 3
been completed, press OK. The “2 nd Point coordinate E 0.000 m
Z 0.000 m
Setting Screen” is displayed. values
· Repeat step 1 to enter the coordinates of all the MEAS READ REC OK
known point.
Resection
N 4456.343 3
E 4321.890
⑶ When all required known points have been MEAS Z 215.557
set, press MEAS. Sight Pt. 1
ANG. DIST
Resection
Dist PC = 0
⑷ Sight the 1 st known point, press ANG for PPM =0
angle measurement only. Or press DIST for DIST Fine “S”
angle and distance measurement. When DIST is
selected, the “Observation Start Screen” is STOP
displayed.
⑸ When the measurements are completed, of Resection Pt. 1

when STOP is pressed after the measurement
values are displayed during repeat measurement. S 353.324 m
· When ANG has been selected, the distance can YES ZA 21°34′50″
not be displayed. HAR 78°43′12″
·If adopt the result, enter the target height of the Or NO Tgt. h ： 1.560 m
first known point and press YES. Then go to NO YES
observe next known point.
· Discard the result, press NO.
79
⑹ Repeat steps 4 to 5 in the same way from the
second point. When the minimum quantity of Resection Pt. 3
observation data required for the calculation is CALC S 153.324 m
present, CALC is displayed. ZA 61°14′50″
(or YES HAR 98°40′12″
Press YES to automatically start calculations
Tgt. H ： 1.560 m
after observations of all known points are
completed. Or NO) CALC NO YES
·Re-measure the point: NO
·Measure next point: YES
·Calculate occupied station: CALC
N0 56.343
E0 21.890
⑺ Calculate the station point coordinate, when it
Z0 15.557
is finished, the result is displayed. dHD 0015 mm
dZ 0012 mm
·When distance resection is performed, upper ROBS ADD REC OK
dHD(The horizontal distance between 2 known
points) = measured value – calculated value
dZ=(the coordinate of new point Z which is
calculated from the known point A) - (the
coordinate of new point Z which is calculated N0 56.343
from the known point B) E0 21.890
Z0 0.000
@N 0015 mm
·When angle resection is performed, nether @E 0012 mm
ROBS ADD REC OK
@N,@E are the difference between “the
coordinate which calculated from point 1, 2, 3”
and “the coordinate which calculated from point
1, 2, 4”, Z0 coordinate is 0.
Take the third point.
Set bearing angle

⑻ Press OK to adopt measuring result, the result HAR 98°40′12″
is recorded as station coordinate. It restores “the OK
Bearing Angle Setting Screen.” NO YES
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
S 1234.456 m
ZA 34°45′09″
⑼ Press YES to set bearing angle and return to YES
HAR 126°31′23″
measurement screen. P1
DIST SHV HSET EDM
·Abandon the results and stop measuring: ESC

·Abandon the results and re-measure: RE_OBS (See 15.1 Re-observing”)
·Abandon the results and add known points: ADD
·Adopt the results and record in JOB: REC (Refer to“21.4 Recording Distance Measurement Data”)
(To set direction angle press OK, otherwise press ESC)
80
15.1 Re-Observing
·It is possible to perform re-measuring from the first known point or only the last known point.
PROCEDURE
Re-OBS
1. Start point
2. Last point
⑴ In the “Resection Result Screen,” press ROBS
ROBS.
⑵ Select “1. Last point” or “2. Last point” and Resection Pt. 1
N 4456.343 3
press ENT. The following procedures are same Select E 4321.890
with the procedures after the steps 4 in “15. + Z 215.557
Take the first point.
RESECTION MEASUREMENT.” ENT ANGLE DIST
15.2 Add Known Points
PROCEDURE
N0 56.343
E0 21.890
Z0 15.557
⑴ Press ADD in the “Resection Result Screen”. ADD dHD 0015 mm
dZ 0012 mm
ROBS ADD REC OK
81
Resection
Pt 4
⑵
N 4116.343 3
When the former known points are not observed, E 4021.840
Z 200.557
right upper screen is displayed. Please take the fourth point
ANGLE DIST
Resection Pt 4
When the observation for former known points is N 0.000 m 3
E 0.000 m
finished, and some known points are in adding,
Z 0.000 m
neither screen is displayed.
MEAS READ REC OK
☆When there is a known point not yet measured; perform measurement using the same procedure beginning with
step 3 in “Chapter 15. Resection Measurement.”
☆When a known point is to be added, perform measurement using the same procedure beginning with step 1 and
2 in “Chapter 15. Resection Measurement.”
EXPLANATION
·In some cases it is impossible to calculate the coordinates of an unknown point (instrument station) if the
unknown point and three or more known points are arranged on the edge of a single circle.
·An arrangement such as that shown on the left is desirable.

▲：Unknown point
●：Known point
·Sometimes it is impossible to perform a correct calculation in

a case such as that on the left.
82
· When they are on the edge of a single circle, take the
following measures.
· Move the instrument station as close as possible to the center

of the triangle.
·When the distance between known points are fixed. When

distance between station point and known points are
increased, their included angle are lessened, the known points
can easily be on the edge of a single circle. It is impossible to
calculate the coordinates of the instrument station if the
included angle between the known points is too small.
16. Area Calculation

It is also possible to calculate the area of land enclosed by three or more known points on a line by manually
inputting or reading the coordinates of the points.
Coordinates(Known value)：P1 (N1, E1) Area (calculated value)：S
P2 (N2, E2)
P3 (N3, E3)
P4 (N4, E4)
P5 (N5, E5)
· Number of specified coordinate points: 3～20

· Area is calculated by observing the points on a line enclosing an area in order or reading in the previously
registered coordinates in order.
83
※NOTE:
· If two or less points are used to measure an area, and error will occur.
· Be sure to observe (or recall) points on an enclosed area in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction. For example,
the area specified by entering (or recalling) point numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 implies the same shape.
· Every point used during calculation can be gotten by measuring or reading from memory.
PROCEDURE
Menu(2) ↑
6. Resection
⑴ In the page 2 of the menu, select “8. Area”. 7. Repetition
8. Area
9. Roads
01：
⑵ 02： 3
Every point use during calculation can be gotten 03：
by measuring or reading from memory. Sight 04：
Point 1 05：
For example READ OBS.
+
Measuring point 1:
Sight the first point on the line enclosing the area OBS.
and press OBS. to start measuring. The result will
be displayed. N: 40.028 m
E: -10.002 m 3
Z: 0.076 m
S 2.043 m
HAR: 20°45′22″
OK MEAS
01：pt_01
02： 3
03：
⑶ Press OK to enter the value of point 1 in
04：
“pt_01”.
OK 05：
READ CACL MEAS
84
01：pt_01
02： 3
⑷ Repeat steps from 2 to 3 until all points have 03：
been measured. Points on an enclosed area are
04：
observed in a clockwise or anticlockwise
direction. Coordinates value also can be read 05：
from memory. READ CACL MEAS
For example: read in coordinates value from READ

memory as point 2.
Pt 1
Crd 2
Press READ to display the point list in memory.
Crd 3
Crd 4
Pt : Known values in memory
Crd 5 ↓
Crd / Stn: coordinates value which stored in VIEW SRCH
designated JOB files.
NO 510.000
EO 206.000
ZO 123.000
⑸ In the known points list, select the point VIEW
number which corresponding for point 2 and Pt : ST002
press VIEW to read the point in. H 1.600 M
TOP LAST P1
⑹ Move the cursor to the third point, if the 01：pt_01

coordinates is gotten by measuring, it displays 02：6 3
“pt_03”. If the coordinates is read from memory, 03：pt_03
it displays the point number. (For example: 6)
04：
When known points amount is enough to be used 05：
in area calculation (at least 3 points), CALC key READ CALC MEAS
will be displayed.
To read in coordinate data in known data and
read in Station point, observation point, in
working jobs, press READ
Points： 5
0.338 m. sq
0.0000 ha
0.0001 acre
⑺ Press CALC to calculate and display the 3.64 ft. sq
result. CALC
NEXT END
Menu(2) ↑
6. Resection
⑻ Press END to end calculation and return to 7. Repetition
menu screen. Press NEXT to re-enter area END 8. Area
calculation. 9. Roads
85
Note：It is also possible to perform area measurement by pressing AREA key under MEAS mode when AREA
function is allocated in soft key. For the method, refer to “20. Key function allocation”.
17. Setting-out line

Setting-out line is used for setting out a required point at a designated distance from the base line and for finding
the distance from the baseline to a measured point.
17.1 Defining Baseline
You need to define the base line before setting out straight line. You can define a baseline by inputting two points’
coordinates. The scale factor value is the difference between the input coordinate and the observed coordinate.
· When not observing first or second points, scale factor is set to “1”.
· Defined baseline can be used in both setting-out line measurement and point projection.
Procedure Key Screen display
（1）Under the measurement mode, define the See 20“key Meas. PC -30
function of LINE into the soft Key function PPM 0
allocation” S 4.583m
ZA 92 36’ 25”
HAR 30 25’ 18”
PROJ LINE HSET EDM
86
（2）Select LINE Set out line
1 Stn data
2 back sight data
LINE 3 define baseline
4 point
5 line
（3）Select “1. Stn data.” The station data can be NO: 0.000
manually input or read in by pressing READ key Set EO: 0.000
and pressOK, return to the “Set-Out Line screen.” Stn data ZO: 0.000
Inst.h: 0.000mm
Tgt.h: 0.000mm
READ REC OK
（4） Define baseline( start point 1)

Select “3. Define Baseline”. define Nb1: 1.686 m
It is possible to press READ, to read in the
known data which is stored in memory, baseline Eb1: 1.128 m
Or manually input: input the start point and Zb1: -0.132m
end point data and press ENT. READ REC OK
Difine baseline ( destination point 2 )

Nb2: 1.885 m
Eb2 0.860 m
Zb2: -0.119m
READ REC MEAS OK
（5） Measure 1st Point

Press MEAS to measure base point Nb1: 1.686
If there is no demand for measuring the start point Eb1: 1.128
and destination point of the baseline, then ignore the MEAS Zb1: -0.132
procedure 6.7.8. and go to procedure 9 Tgt.h.: 1.630
OBS
（6）Aim at the start point and press OBS , it shows Measure 1 st Pt.
the measurement result. OBS N: 1.726m
E: 1.003m
If the repetition measurement mode is turned on, Z: -0.137m
press STOP to stop it and it shows the measured HAR 30 10’ 23”
value. NO YES
87
Measure 2nd Point
（7）Press YES to confirm the result. Nb2: 1.886
Press NO to re-measure the start point. YES Eb2: 0.860
Zb2: -0.119
Tgt.h.: 1.630m
OBS
（8）Sight the end point, press OBS., the result will The result of Observation
be displayed. N: 1.907
If the repetition measurement mode is turned on, OBS E: 0.723
press STOP to terminate measurement and it Z: -0.124
shows the value. HAR 20 45’ 22”
NO YES
(9) Define Baseline (1)
Bearing: 306°32′36″
Press YES to use the measurement results of the Calculated HD: 0.334 m
second point. The distance between the two Measured HD : 0.334 m
measured points, the distance calculated from
inputting the coordinates of two points and the scale OK P1
factors are displayed. YES
Define baseline (2)
X scale : 0.000000
Y scale : 0.000000
Slope : 3.910 %
OK SY=1 SY=SX P2
(10) Set out line

Press OK to define the baseline. The “Set-out 1 Stn data
Line” screen is displayed.
Press Sy=1 to set scale factor Y to 1. 2 back sight data
Press [1：**] to change the grade display mode 3 define baseline
1：** = elevation : horizontal distance 4 point
5 line
88
17.2 Setting-out Line (Point)
Setting-out line point measurement can be used to find the required point coordinate by inputting the length and
offset based on the baseline.
· Before performing setting-out line point, the baseline must be defined.
Procedure key Display

set out line
(1)Select “4 point”. point 1 Stn data
2 back sight data
3 define baseline
4 point
5.line
(2) Set the following items:
Set-Out Line (PT)
Length: Distance along the baseline from the first point to the
position at which a line extending from the required point Input length Length 3.251 m 3
intersects the baseline at right angles(X direction). Offset 1.458 m
and offset
Offset: Distance from the required point to the position at
which a line extending from the required point intersects the
baseline at right angles (Y direction). OK
89
(3) Set out line (PT)
Press OK. The coordinate value of the required point is Np: 26.307
calculated and displayed.
(to enter the second page, press F4). OK Ep: -30.142
Zp: 1.432
· REC: records the coordinate value as a known point data.
（Refer to “21. Recording in Record Mode”）
Press S-O to perform setting-out measurement of the required S-O REC P1
point.(Refer to“11. Setting-Out Measurement”) Set out line (PT)
Dist: 40.212 m
Angle: 310°51′36″
Tg. h: 1.650 m
S-O REC P2
90
17.3 Setting-out Line (Line)
Setting-out line line measurement is used to measures the horizontal distance and vertical distance from the
required point to the baseline.
The base line should be defined before seting out the straight line.
Procedure Key Display

(1)Select “5. Line” in the “Set-Out Line Menu. set out line
1. Stn data
2. back sight data
5.line 3. define baseline
4. point
5. line
(2) Enter the offset value.

Offset: How much to move the baseline. Right Set-out line ( L)
side indicates positive value and left side
indicates negative value. Enter length and offset
Offset : 1.458 m
When not setting offset value, go to step ⑶.
OBS
91
(3) Set-out line ( L)
Sight the target and press OBS. N: 2.219m
Sight target E: 1.115m
+
If the repetition measurement mode is turned on, Z: -0.097m
OBS
press STOP to terminate it and it shows HAR 27 43’ 58”
measurement value.. R. HT NO YES
(4) Press YES to use the measurement results. Set-out line ( L)

Displays the difference between the measured
point and the baseline. OFF.L: 2.219m
d.E1ev: 1.115m
·Offline: the offset value from the occupied point
and the line to be set out. A positive value Length: -0.097m
indicates that the point is on the right of the
OBS REC P2
line. A minus value indicates that the point is on
the left of the line.
·Cut: The height difference between the occupied

point and the baseline. A positive value
Set-out line ( L)
indicates the point is above the baseline. A
YES
positive value indicates the point is below the N: 2.219m
baseline.
E: 1.115m
·Length: Distance along the baseline from the Z: -0.097m
first point to the measured point.
OBS REC P1
· Press NO to observe the target again.
Set-out line ( L)
⑸ Sight the next target and press OBS to
continue the measurement. Sight the next target + N: 2.219m
· PressREC to record the measurement results. OBS E: 1.115m
Z: -0.097m
HAR 27 43’ 58”
R. HT NO YES
92
18. Point projection
Point projection is used for projecting a point onto the baseline. The point to project can be either measured or
input. Displays the distances from the first point and point to project to the position at which a line extending from
point to project intersects the baseline at right angles.
18.1 Defining baseline

Defined baseline can be used in both setting-out line measurement and point projection.
procedure Operation Display
(1) Meas PC -30

Under the measuring mode , define the allocate PPM 0
function of point projection onto the key PROJ
ZA 92 36’ 25”
HAR 30 25’ 18”
PROJ LINE HSET EDM
(2) Point projection
Select PROJ PROJ 1. Stn data
2. back sight data
3. define baseline
4. point projection
5. EDM
(3)
Input the Station data and difine the base
line.
93
Define base line(1)
Please take “17.1 define baseline “as a AZ: 236 18’35”
reference. Hcalc: 3.606 m
Hmeas: 3.606 m
OK P1↓
Define base line(2)

ScaleX: 1.000000
ScaleY: 1.000000
Grade: -166.410%
OK Sy=1 Sy=Sx P2↓
(4) Point projection

Press OK to complete defining baseline Coord. Point
and move to point projection N: 0.0000 m
measurement. Refer to “18.2 Point OK E: 0.0000 m
Projection”. Z: 0.000 m
READ MEAS REC. OK
18.2 Point projection

The base line should be defined before point projection
Procedure key Display
(1)Define the basic line Point projection
1 Stn data
Please take “17.1 define baseline “as a reference. 2 back sight data
3 define baseline
4 point projection
5.EDM
(2)Select “4. point projection” Point projection

Coord. Point
N: 0.0000 m
E: 0.0000 m
Z: 0.000 m
READ MEAS REC OK
94
(3) Enter the point coordinate. Point projection
· Press MEAS to measure the coordinate. Coord. Point
· When recording the coordinate data, press REC. N: 1.686 m
E: 1.128 m
Z: -1.132 m
READ MEAS REC OK
(4) Point projection (1)

Press OK, the following items are calculated and displayed. Np: 1.145 m
·Length: Distance along the baseline from the first point to Ep: 1.717 m
the projected point (X direction). Zp: 3.435 m
·Offset: Distance from point to project to the position at which HT REC S-O P1
a line extending from point of project intersects the base line OK
at right angles. (Y direction)
·d. Elev: Elevation between the baseline and the projected

point. Point projection (2)
Length: 1.542 m
·PressHT to set instrument height and target height. Offset: 1.347 m
· Press REC to record the projection coordinate as known point.
d.Elev: - 3.558 m
HT REC S-O P2
(5) So.H m
Press S-O to move to setting-out measurement of the projected H-O m
point. S-O ZA: 100 ° 59’ 52”
HAR: 324° 32”36”
dHA 78 ° 16’ 36”
REC SHV <--> HD
Point projection
(6) ESC Coord. Point
Press ESC, repeat steps from step 3. N: 1.686 m
E: 1.128 m
Z: -1.132 m
READ MEAS REC OK
95
19. ROAD DESIGN AND SETTING-OUT
It is possible to perform designated point setting-out base on the chainage and offset which are determined by
road design.
The Road Design menu contains the alignment design functions.
19.1.1 Define Horizontal Alignment (Maximum data quantity: 30)

Horizontal alignment data can be edited manually or downloaded from computer. Horizontal alignment
consisted of following elements: start point, straight line, circular curve and transition curve.
PROCEDURE

Menu(2) ↑
6. Resection
MENU 7. Repetition
⑴ From page 2 on MENU, select “9. Roads.” +“9. Roads” 8. Area
9. Roads
Roads
1. Define Roads
2. Set-Out Roads
⑵ Slect “1. Define Roads” in the “Roads Menu” Select“1.Define
and select “1. Define HZ AL.”
HZ AL”
Roads(1)
1. Define HZ AL
2. Edit HZ AL
3. Define VT AL
4. Edit VT AL
5. HZ AL IMPORT
↓
Start Point
⑶ Enter the start point information: chainage, N CH： 1000.000 3
coordinate, E coordinate, and pressOK. Enter chainage,
N ： 1000.000 m
It is also allows you to press READ to read in N, E coordinate E ： 1050.000 m
the coordinate which is stored in memory.
+
READ OK
OK
96
Define HZ AL
Chain: 1000.000 3
⑷ After entering start point information, the AZ: 0°00′00″
“Main Line input Screen” is displayed. 1
STR ARC TRNS PT
(Main line input screen)
The main line input screen displays current chainage and the bearing angle (the tangent line from the chainage) and
the function key (For creating new line). System provides four functions: defining straight line, circular curve,
transition curve, point. Select a function key, enter the detailed information of the chainage, the alignment elements
will be created. Press ENT key, the new chainage and bearing angle will be calculated automatically and the main
alignment screen will be restored. Now other line style can be defined. Press ESC to exit current screen. To modify
the element which entered in advance, you should enter the “Edit Alignment” option; the new elements can be
added only in the end of the original alignment file.
Straight line
When the start point or other line style is well-defined, it allows you to define straight line. A straight line consists
bearing angle and distance, the distance value can not be minus.
Define HZ AL
Chain: 1000.000 3
⑴ Press STR key in the “Input Process Screen”, STR AZ: 0°00′00″
the “Define Straight Screen”. 1
STR ARC TRNS PT
Straight
Enter
bearing AZ: 0.0000
⑵Enter the bearing of straight line, press ENT + Distance: 0.000 m
key to access next entry option, after straight ENT
length, press ENT key. Enter
length
+ OK
ENT
⑶ PressOK to record this alignment data, and
display the bearing angle and the chainage in Define HZ AL
the end of straight line
Now, other alignments can be defined. Chain : 1020.000 3
OK AZ: 4°25′00″
When the straight line is in the middle of the
road, the bearing is calculated from the original 2
elements. To change this bearing angle, input a
new angle manually. STR ARC TRNS PT
97
Circular Curve
Press ARC key in the “Main line Input Screen”, the circular curve can be defined. Circular curve consists of Arc
length and Radius. The rule of radius value: along the forward direction of the curve.When the curve rotates to
right, the radius value is positive. When the curve rotates to left, the radius value is minus. The arc length can not be
minus.
Define HZ AL
Chain: 1000.000 3
⑴ Press ARC key in the “Input Process ARC AZ: 0°00′00″
Screen”,the “Define Arc” is displayed. 1
STR ARC TRNS PT
Enter Arc
radius and Radius： 0.000 m
⑵ Enter radius and arc length, then press ENT arc length Arc length 0.000 m
to record this data.
+
ENT
OK
Define HZ AL
Chain: 1020.000 3
OK AZ: 75°37′11″
⑶ PressOK to record the alignment data.
2
STR ARC TRNS PT
Transition curve
98
Press TRNS key in the “Main Line Input Screen”, the transition curve can be defined. Transition curve consists of
the minimum radius and arc length. The rule of radius value: along the forward direction of the curve.When the
curve rotates to right, the radius value is positive. When the curve rotates to left, the radius value is minus. The arc
length can not be minus.

Define HZ AL
Chain : 1000.000 3
⑴ Press TRNS key in the “Input Process TRNS AZ : 0°00′00″
Screen.” 1
STR ARC TRNS PT
Enter the Transition

minimum Radius: 0.000 m
⑵ Enter the minimum radius and Spiral length radius and Spiral length: 0.000 m
of transition curve, and press ENT.
arc length OK
+
ENT
Define HZ ZL
⑶ Press OK to record the data and restore the Chain: 1028.000 3

OK AZ : 83°15′32″
main screen. If press ESCkey, it will restores 2
the main input screen without saving.
STR ARC TRNS PT
PT (Point, intersection point)

Press PT key in the “Main line input screen”, the point can be defined. A point element consists of coordinates,
radius and clothoid parameter A1 and A2. Radius, A1 and A2 can not be minus. If radius is entered, an arc is
99
inserted with the specified radius. If clothoid parameter A1 or A2 is entered, a clothoid is inserted between straight
and arc with the specified length.

Define HZ AL
Chain: 1000.000 3
⑴Press PT key in the “Main line input screen” PT AZ: 0°00′00
1
STR ARC TRNS PT
N ： 0.000 m
E ： 0.000 m
⑵ It allows to enter N, E coordinate, radius and enter N, E
R ： 0.000 m
A1, A2 manually, and press ENT. Or press coordinate, A1 ： 0.000
READ to read in the coordinates stored in
radius and A2 ： 0.000
memory.
A1, A2 READ OK
+
ENT
Define HZ AL
⑶ Press OK to record data, and restore the main Chain : 1046.000 3

OK AZ: 153°15′32″
screen. Press ESC to restore the main screen 2
without saving.
STR ARC TRNS PT
[NOTE]：When you want to enter A1, A2 from clothoid length L1, L2, the following equations are used:
100
Any changes to the alignment must be done using the edit alignment option.
19.1.2 Edit Alignment
To edit the alignment select Edit Alignment from the menu.

PROCEDURE
Roads(1)
1. Define HZ AL
2. Edit HZ AL
⑴ Select “2 Edit HZ AL” from the “ROADS” 3. Define VT AL
menu. 4. Edit VT AL
5. HZ AL IMPORT
↓
Start Point
CH ： 1046.000
N ： 201.000 m
⑵ The first alignment data in memory is E ： 102.000 m
displayed.
READ NEXT LAST SRCH
Straight
AZ: 48.3000
⑶ Press NEXT to find the alignment data to be
Distance: 56.678 m
edited.
PREV NEXT SRCH P1↓
Straight
⑷ Enter new data, press ENT to store the AZ: 91.5631

modified data and to enter next point. Press Distance: 40..000 m
ESC to exit without saving.
PREV NEXT SRCH P1↓
PREV: Press this key to display the previous point data.

NEXT: Press this key to display the previous point data.
SRCH: Press this key to search for data, after pressing this key, enter the required chainage and press ENT, the
data for the chainage will be displayed.
101
STRT: Press this key to go to the strart of the file.
END: Press this key to go to the end of the file.
P1 : Press this key to go to page 2.
Use SRCH to edit alignment data

Start Point
CH ： 1046.000
⑴ In the “Edit alignment” screen, press SRCH SRCH N ： 200.000 m
key. E ： 100.000 m
PREV NEXT SRCH P1
Search HZ AL
Chain: 1111.561
⑵ Enter the required chaiage. Enter the
chainage
OK
⑶
Search alignment
Invalid chainage！
A:
If the entered chainage is not existed in memory,
an error message will be displayed. After several
seconds, it restores previous screen which
SRCH is displayed.
Start Point
CH ： 1046.000
N ： 200.000 m
E ： 100.000 m
B：
If the entered chainage is existed in memory, PREV NEXT SRCH P1
its information will be displayed. Edit arc
Radius： 20.000 m
Arc： 20.000 m
PREV NEXT SRCH P1
102
Edit arc
Enter new
Radius： 10.000 m
data +
⑷ Enter new data and press ENT to record. Arc ： 20.000 m
ENT
PREV NEXT SRCH P1
19.1.3 Define Vertical Curve (Maximum 30 data)
A vertical curve consists of series of intersection points. The intersection point consists of a chainage, elevation and
curve length.The sart and end intersection points must be a zero curve length.
Chainage 1000 1300 1800 2300

Elevation 50 70 60 90
Curve length 0 300 300 0
Intersection points can be entered in any order. After entering a point data, press ENT to save it and go to enter next
one. Press ESC to exit without saving.
PROCEDURE
Roads(1)
1. Define HZ AL
Select “3. Define 2. Edit HZ AL
⑴ VT AL” 3. Define VT AL
Select “3. Define VT AL” from Roads menu. 4. Edit VT AL
5. HZ AL IMPORT
103
Define VT AL
Enter chainage, CH： 1000.000 3
⑵ Enter chainage, elevation and curve length. elevation and Elevation： 50.000 m
curve length. Len.： 0.000 m
OK
Define VT AL
CH： 1000.000 3
⑶ PressOK to record the data. Then enter next data. OK Elevation： 50.000 m
Len.： 0.000 m
OK
19.1.4 Edit Vertical Curve
To modify the curve data, the procedure is same with editing alignment data.
PROCEDURE
Roads(1)
1. Define HZ AL
2. Edit HZ AL
⑴ Select “4. Edit VT AL” from Roads menu. 3. Define VT AL
4. Edit VT AL
5. HZ AL IMPORT
↓
Edit VT AL
CH.： 1000.000 3
Elevation： 50.000 m
Len.： 0.000 m
(2)The first curve data in memory is displayed.
PREV NEXT SRCH P1
STRT END READ P1

Edit VT AL
CH： 1106.000 3
⑶ Press PREV or NEXT to find the required Elevation： 200.000 m
curve data. Len.： 100.000 m
PREV NEXT SRCH P1
104
Edit VT AL
⑷ Enter new data, press ENT to record the CH.： 1100.000 3

modified data and go to enter next point. Press Elevation： 200.000 m
ESC to exit without saving. len.： 10.000 m
PREV NEXT SRCH P1
It is possible to use SRCH function to edit vertical data.

Edit VT AL
CH.： 1000.000 3
Elevation： 50.000 m
Len.： 0.000 m
⑴ Press SRCH key in the “Edit VT AL” screen.
SRCH
PREV NEXT SRCH P1
Search VT AL
Chainage： 1100.000
⑵ Enter the chainage of the required curve. Enter the
chainage
⑶ A：
Search alignment
A:
If the entered chainage is not existed in memory, Invalid chainage！
the first vertical curve data will be displayed.
B：
Edit VT AL
CH.： 1100.000 3
B: Elevation： 50.000 m
If the entered chainage is existed in memory, Len.： 0.000 m
its information will be displayed.
PREV NEXT SRCH P1
Edit curve
Chain： 1100.000 3
⑷ Enter new data and press ENT to record, then Elevation： 200.000 m
go to enter next point. Curve lengt: 10.000 m
To exit without saving, press ESC
PREV NEXT SRCH P1
105
19.1.5 Import the Horizontal alignment
This function requires SD card. It is to transfer a horizontal alignment data from SD card to local disk or SD card.
This function can not be performed to transfer data in local disk.
procedure key Display

Define road(1)
(1)Select “5. HZ AL Import” from “Define 1. Define HZ AL
Road menu”. 2. Edit HZ AL
3. Define VT AL
4. Edit VT AL
5. HZ AL Import
(2)Input the HZ AL file name or press File import

LIST to read in the file from SD card.
the format for the file is “TXT” OK Job :
LIST OK
(3)If the horizontal line data already exist in HZ AL Import
the memory. You would be informed whether
overwrite it or not. YES Overwrite File?
YES : start importing
NO : Exit NO YES
(4) After transmission it returns into “Define Import HZ AL

Road “menu.
From : B: \ 2. TXT
To: : A:\ JOB1. HAL
EXIT
Finishing
106
19.1.6 Import the Vertical curve (vertical alignment)
The princelpe is same to the last chapter.
procedure key Display
Define road (2)
6. VT AL Import
(1) Select “6. VT AL Import” from the 7. Receive HZ AL
second page of “Define Roads” menu. 8. Receive VT AL
9. Delete HZ AL
10. Delete VT AL
(2)Input the VT AL file name or press File import

LIST to read in the file from SD card.
The format for the file is “.TXT”. OK Job :
LIST OK
(3)If the horizontal line data already exist in VT AL Import

the memory. You would be informed whether
overwrite it or not. Overwrite File?
YES : start importing
NO : Exit YES NO YES
(4) After transmission it returns into “design VT AL Import

road” menu
From : B: \ 2. TXT
To: : A:\ JOB1. VCL
EXIT
Finishing
107
19.1.7 Receiving Horizontal Alignment Data
The horizontal alignment can be transferred from computer to instrument by using alignment elements. The
default definition should be included. The default definition consists of the start chainage and the point’s coordinate.
Alignment element consists of point, straight line, arc and transition curve.
The format for each record:
KEYWORD nnn, nnn [,nnn]

START Chainage，E，N
STRAIGHT Bearing，distance
ARC Radius，arc length
SPIRAL radius，length
PT E，N，Radius, A1，A2
(A1，A2: length)
Example 1：
START 1000.000，1050.000，1100.000
STRAIGHT 25.000，48.420
SPIRAL 20.000，20.000
ARC 20.000，23.141
SPIRAL 20.000，20.000
STRAIGHT 148.300，54.679
Example 2：
START 1000.000，1050.000，1100.000
PT 1750.000，1300.000，100.000，80.800
PT 1400.000，1750.000，200
PT 1800.000，2000.000
Before downloading data, make sure that the receiving software in computer and the instrument are in the same
parameters setting.
To transfer data from computer, you should have corresponding program, the required format for data can be
provided by the software, and the data can be sent in any parameter method.
108
PROCEDURE
Define road(1)
1 define HZ A L
(1) Select “ 7. Receive HZ AL ” in the “Define 2 Edit HZ AL
Roads” screen. 3 Define VT AL

4 Edit VT AL
5 HZ AL Import
Define road(2)
6 VT AL Import
7 Receive HZ AL
8 Receive VT AL
9 Delete HZ AL
10 Delete VT AL
Receive HZ AL
(2)Start receiving software in computer, when the

KTS displays “Ready? ”, press OK. OK Ready？
(if you select USB communication then it shows
“initializating USB”)
OK
Receive HZ AL
(3) If any alignment data is existed in memory, it
will display “Overwrite file?” Press YES to begin
receiving, press NO to exit. YES Overwrite file？
If there is no alignment data, see step 3.
NO YES
Receive HZ AL
⑷ Start receiving. To stop receiving, press Tansfer : USB

STOP. JOB: A:\ JOB1. HAL
Receiving
STOP
19.1.8 Receiving Vertical Curve Data
The vertical curve data can be transferred from computer to instrument by using character point and chainage. The
vertical curve data shoud consists of elevation, curve length. The start and end curve length should be 0.
109
Data format:
Chainage, elevation, length
For example:
1000.000，50.000，0.000
1300.000，70.000，300.000
1800.000，70.000，300.000
2300.000，90.000，0.000
PROCEDURE
Define road(2)
6 VT AL Import
(1)Select “8. Receive VT AL” in the “define 7 Receive HZ AL
Roads” screen. 8 Receive VT AL

9 Delete HZ AL
10 Delete VT AL
↓
Receive VT AL
(2)Start the receiving software in computer, when OK Ready？

the KTS displays “Ready? ”, press OK.
(if you select USB communication then it shows
“initializating USB”)
OK
Receive VT AL
⑶If any curve data is existed in memory, it will

display “Overwrite file?” Press YES to begin YES Overwrite file？
receiving, press NO to exit.
If there is no alignment data, see step 4
NO YES
Receive VT AL
⑷Start receiving. To stop receiving, press STOP.

Tansfer : USB
JOB: A:\ JOB1. VCL
Receiving
STOP
110
19.1.9 Deleting Horizontal alignment Data
The alignment data in memory can be deleted.

PROCEDURE
Define road(2)
6 VT AL Import
(1) Select “9. Delete HZ AL” in the “Roads” 7 Receive HZ AL
screen. 8 Receive VT AL
9 Delete HZ AL
10 Delete VT AL
⑵ When “Alignment delete?” is displayed, HZ Alignment

press YES, the data will be deleted, the screen YES Delete？
restore the Roads screen.
To exit, press NO.
NO YES
19.1.10 Deleting Vertical Curve
The alignment data in memory can be deleted.

PROCEDURE
Define road(2)
6 VT AL Import
⑴ Select “10. Delete VT AL” in the 7 Receive HZ AL
“Roads” screen. 8 Receive VT AL
9 Delete HZ AL
10 Delete VT AL
⑵When “Vertical curve delete?” is displayed,

press YES, the data will be deleted, the screen YES VT Alignment
restore the Roads screen. Delete？
To exit, press NO.
NO YES
111
19.2 Road Setting-out
It is possible to perform alignment setting-out for the designated point by using the chainage and offset which is
ensured in road design.
For and alignment setout a horizontal alignment must have been uploaded (Refer to 19.1.5 Reiceiving alignment)
or entered manully (Refer to 19.1.1 Define alignment).
The vertical alignment is optional, but is required to compute cut and fill.
Rule：
Offset left: the horizontal distance from the left stake point to the center line.
Offset right: the horizontal distance from the right stake point to the center line.
Elevation difference: Left (right) is the elevation difference between left (right) stake and the center line point.
19-2
19.2.1 Set Station Point
It allows you to set station point by reading from memory (N, E, Z coordinate) or entering manually by keyboard
(chainage and offset).
112
PROCEDURE
Roads
1. Define Roads
2. Set-Out Roads
⑴ From the “Roads” menu select “2. Set-Out Select“1.
Roads”. Then select “1. Stn data.”
Stn data”
Set out roads
1． Stn data
2. Angle
3. Coord.
4. Set-Out
5. EDM
Stn data
CH 0.000
Offs 0.000 m
⑵ The “Stn data” screen is displayed. Inst .H 0.000 m
READ OK
A：
Stn data
⑶
A： Enter the CH 1000.000
Enter the chainage, offset, instrument height of Offs 20.000 m
the station point. chainage,
Inst. H 1.560 m
offset,
B： instrument READ OK
To read in coordinate data from memory, height
pressREAD. B：
Pt 1
↑ view the last data
Pt 2
↓ view the next data READ Pt 3
← view the last page Pt 4
→ view the next page
VIEW SRCH
113
⑷ A：
A： N0： 1000.000
The point coordinate is calculated on the basis E0： 1000.000
of the entered chainage and offset. Z0： 0.000 m
It the vertical curve data of the chainage is
Pt. 100.000
existed in memory, the elevation of the point
Inst. H 1.560m
will be displayed. If the curve is not existed, the
SAVE READ OK
elevation display with 0.
B：
N： 100.253
E： 120.027
B： Z： 21.045
The coordinate of the read point is displayed. PT. : 2
To check the coordinate data in memory, press Tgt. H: 2.000m
VIEW. TOP LAST P1
Set out roads

1． Stn data
⑸ Press OK to finish the setting and return to 2. Set H angle
the “Set-Out Screen.” OK 3. Set Back Sight Pt
4. Set Out
5. EDM
19.2.2 Setting Backsight Point

Program provides two methods for setting backsight point: Entering it manually, setting it by using coordinate.
1）Setting backsight point by using angle

PROCEDURE
Set out roads

Select “2. 1． Stn data
2. Angle
⑴Select “2. Angle” from the “Set Out Roads” angle”
3. Coord
menu. 4. Set Out
5. EDM
114
Set Azimuth
Enter HAR：0.0000
bearing
(2)Enter the bearing angle and press OK.
angle
OK
Set Azimuth
Sight BS Point
(3) Press YES to record the data
HAR 0° 00’ 00”
NO YES
Set out roads

1． Stn data
2. Angle
⑶ PressOK, the screen restore the “Set Out OK 3. Coord
Roads Screen.” 4. Set Out
5. EDM
2）Setting backsight point by using coordinate

It allows you to set backsight point by reading from memory (N, E, Z coordinate) or entering manually by
keyboard (chainage and offset).
PROCEDURE
Set out roads

1． Stn data
2. angle
⑴ Select “3. Coord.” in the “Set Out Roads Select “3. 3. coord
Screen.”
Coord.” 4. Set Out
5. EDM
Set Back Sight Pt
Chain 0.000
Offs. 0.000 m
⑵ The “Set Back Sight Pt Screen” is displayed.
READ OK
115
A：
⑶ Set Back Sight Pt
A：
Enter the chainage, offset of the backsight Enter the Chain 1000.000
point. Offs. 20.000 m
chainage,
offset
READ OK
B：
Read data
Pt 1
B： Pt 2
To read in coordinate data from memory, Pt 3
READ
pressREAD. Pt 4
Crd. 4
Stn 1 ↓
VIEW SRCH
⑷ A：
A： Set Back Sight Pt
The point coordinate is calculated on the basis
of the entered chainage and offset. NBS： 80.436 m
It the vertical curve data of the chainage is EBS： 217.326 m
existed in memory, the elevation of the point ZBS： 10.090 m
will be displayed. If the curve is not existed, the
elevation display with 0.
READ OK
B： B：
The coordinate of the read point is displayed.。
N: 102.253
E: 110.027
Z: 21.045
PT. : 1
Tgt.h. : 2.000m
TOP LAST P1
Set H angle
Sight ?
⑸ To accept the bearing angle, press YES , to YES
reset the angle press NO . HAR： 332°23′45″
NO YES
116
Set out roads
1． Stn data
(6) Return to set-out road s menu.
2. angle
3. coord
4. Set Out
5. EDM
19.2.3 Setting Out

After Setting station point and backsight point, it is possible to perform Setting Out measurement.
PROCEDURE
Set out roads

1． Stn data
⑴Select “4. Set Out” in the “Set Out Roads 2. Set H angle
Select “4.
Screen.” 3. Set Back Sight Pt
Set Out” 4. Set Out
5. EDM
⑵Enter the start stake number, increment, the Alignment Setout

StartC 0.000
horizontal distance from side stake points to
Incre. 0.000
center line (Offset L: the horizontal distance
Offs. L 0.000 m
from left stake point to center line. Offset L: the
Offs. R 0.000 m
horizontal distance from left stake point to
HtDi.L 0.000 m
center line.) and the height difference from the
HtDi.R 0.000 m
side stake to center line.
OK
Alignment Setout
⑶ Press ENT, the chainage and offset screen is Chain： 1000.000 3

displayed. Offs： 0.000
ENT HtDi： 0.000
Tgt.h： 0.000 m
P1
LOFS ROFS +CHG -CHG
SLOPE
(Main set out screen )
117
⑷ Press LOFS(orROFS) to set out the left (or Alignment Setout
right) side stake, the corresponding chainage,
offset, height difference will be displayed in Chain： 1000.000 3
the screen. Offs： -2.150
It is possible to enter the chainage and offset HtDi： -0.150
manually.
Tgt.h： 2.000 m
Offset is minus: the offset point is at the left
side of center line. P1
Offset is positive: the offset point is at the right LOFS ROFS +CHG -CHG
side of center line.
Alignment Setout
⑸ When the required chainage and offset is Np： 8.888 m

displayed, press ENT to confirm them. When Ep： 199.200 m
the cursor is in the bottom of the screen, press Zp： 80.000 m
ENT, the coordinate of the point to be set out is
displayed, press OK.
OK
Set Out
⑹ When the “Set Out screen” is displayed,
sightthe prism, press SHV key to display the SO.H m
CRD key. SHV H-0 m
SO.H：the distance to the point to be set out ZA 96°15′29″
dHA ：the horizontal angle difference to the HAR 331°14′35″
point to be set out dHA -36°14′35″
REC SHV <--> HD
Set Out
Set Out PSM = 0

PPM = 0
Fine’s’
⑺ Sight the prism and press CRD.
STOP
When the measurement is finished, the CRD
“Setting-Out Obsevation screen” is displayed.
Set Out
SO. N -2.369
E 8.044
Z -79.672
ZA 96°15′29″
HAR 331°13′46″
dHR -36°14′35″
REC. SHV <--> CRD.
118
⑻ Press <--> then press CRD. To display the
“SetOut guide screen.”
The angle value which displays on the seond Set Out
line is the difference of the measured angle <--> ← -36°13′46″
value and the required set-out value. The + ↓ -7.882
arrow indicates the instrument should be CRD. ↑ -79.672
turned to which direction. S-A 2.131 m
The distance value which displays on the third ZA 96°15′29″
line is the difference between the measured HAR 331°13′46″
value and the required distance setout value. REC. SHV <--> CRD.
The arrow indicates the direction which the
prism should be moved to.
The height difference of the point to be set out
is displayed on the fourth line, The arrow
indicates the direction which the prism should
be moved to.
(If to show the values in coordinates format,
press <--> when the measurement is finished.
⑼ Rotate the EDM part of the instrument to Set Out
make the displayed value to be 0° (the second ←→ 0°00′00″
↓ -7.882
line). When the difference of the measured
↑ -79.672
angle value and the required value is within S-A 2.131 m
ZA 96°15′29″
±30″, there are two arrows displayed on
HAR 295°00′02″
screen. REC. SHV <--> CRD.
·The meaning of arrows：
←: Move the prism to left.
→: Move the prism to right.
·Restore the “Set-Out Observation Screen”:
<-->
Set Out
⑽ Place a prism on the sight direction and sight
it. Set Out PSM = 0
CRD.
Press CRD to start distance set-out PPM = 0
Fine’s’
measurement.
STOP
·Press SHV to select the Set-Out measurement
mode.
⑾ Move the prism to make the displayed value Set Out
which is displayed on the third line be 0 m, ←→ 0°00′00″
↑↓ 0.000
press CRD. to start measuring. ↑ -79.672
When the difference value between the S-A 12.234 m
ZA 96°15′29″
distance set-out value and the measured value HAR 295°00′02″
is within ±1cm, there are two arrows displayed REC. SHV <--> CRD.
on the screen. (When the distance measuring

mode is repetition or tracking measurement, it
is possible to display the results directly after
119
sighting the prism.)
↓ : Move the prism to the station point direction.
↑ : Move the prism away to the station positon.
Set Out
⑿ Press CRD., move the prism up or down to ←→ 0°00′00″
make the displayed height difference value to ↑↓ 0.000
be 0 m(When the value is near to 0 m, there ↑↓ 0.003
are 2 arrows displayed on the screen). When all S 12.554
the values which display on the 2nd, 3rd , 4th ZA 96°15′29″
lines are 0, the current position is the required HAR 295°00′02″
position. The meaning of the arrow: EDM SHV <--> CRD.
↑：Move the prism up ↓：Move the prism
down
Alignment Setout
Chainage: 1000.000 3
⒀Press [ESC] key to the “Chainage and Offset Offset: -2.150
Setting Screen”, set out the next point from Height diff. -0.150
step 4. Tgt. h.: 2.000 m
P1
LOFS ROFS +CHG -CHG
Note:
Any time press [ESC] key to the “Chainage and Offset Setting Screen”, it is possible to input a new point and
perform setting-out. To return to previous screen, press [ESC] key on the “Point Number Screen.”
It allows to change Target Height by pressing the key FNC.
Explanation for the main set out screen:
Alignmet Setout
Chain： 1000.000 3
Offset： 0.000
Ht Diff： 0.000
Tgt. h： 0.000 m
P1
LOFS ROFS +CHG -CHG
SLOPE
F1 F2 F3 F4
SLOPE: The key is used in slope set out. (Press FNC key)
LOFS: The key is use in setting out the left side stake. Press it to display the offset and the height difference
120
of the left side stake.
ROFS: The key is use in setting out the right side stake. Press it to display the offset and the height
difference of the right side stake.
+CHG: The key is use in increasing the chainage.
-CHG: The key is use in discreasing the chainage.
19.2.4 Slope Setout

Slope setting-out can be performed as part of the Alignment setout option. After defining vertical curve and
horizontal alignment in the “Define Roads Menu”, it is possible to perform slope setting-out. Press F4 (SLOPE)
key, Slope Setout will be displayed.
Slope set out

(1：N)
Cut L 0.000
Fill L 0.000
Cut R 0.000
Fill R 0.000
OK
The left and right slopes may be entered for both cut and fill. Enter the required slopes using positive numbers for
both cut and fill. The software selects the appropriate slope from the table depending on whether the situation is on
the left or right and in cut or fill.
Cut or fill is determined by the estimated level at the offset of the hinge point. If the level is above the level of the
hinge then the cut slope is used, otherwise the fill slope is used.
121
PROCEDURE
Alignment Setout
Chain： 1000.000 3
⑴ Press SLOPE in the screen of alignment SLOPE Offset： -2.150
setting-out chainage and offset.
HT. Diff： -0.150
Tgt.H ： 2.000 m
P2
LOFS ROFS +CHG SLOPE
Slope Setout
Input slope (1：N)
Cut L ： 0.000
⑵ Input cut/fillslope, and press ENT. After + Fill L ： 0.000
inputting slope, press OK to save the data.
OK Cut R ： 0.000
Fill R ： 0.000
OK
Slope Setout
Choose (L ) or (R )
Cut L： 2.150
L Fill L： 0.000
⑶ Choose LEFT or RIGHT using function
or Cut R： 2.150
keys.
Fill R： 0.000
R
LEFT RIGHT
Slope Setout
3
S m
⑷ Enter the screen of slope setting-out. ZA 96°15′29″
HAR 295°00′02″
MEAS STOP
122
⑸ Sight the point that to be intercepted near the Setout
slope, press MEAS to start slope setting-out. It Setout PSM = 0
chooses proper slope from the data input in PPM = 0
Fine “S”
previews PROCEDURE. Supposes the height
of target point is level benchmark, and STOP
calculate the point to be intercepted. The offset Slope Setout

from measured point to calculated point is
↑ 7.670 3
displayed. ← -1.001
The indication of arrow： S 2.341 m
ZA 96°15′29″
↓：Move prism towards station point. HAR 295°00′17″
↑：Move prism away from station point. MEAS STOP
←：Seeing from station point，move prism to
the left.
→：Seeing from station point，move prism to
the right.
Slope Setout
⑹ Move prism according to the indication of Move ↑↓ 0.000 3
←→ -0.001
screen, press MEAS. When 2 arrows are prism S 2.341 m
shown in the third and fourth line of the screen, + ZA 56°10′29″
HAR 95°20′17″
it means the setting-out point is found. MEAS MEAS STOP
Slope Setout
Choose (L ) or (R )
Cut L： 2.150
⑺ Press ESC to return to the screen of choosing
Fill L： 0.000
slope.
Cut R： 2.150
Set out the next point fron STEP 4.
Fill R ： 0.000
L R
1) An intersection can not be computed if the ground surface passes through the hinge point.
2) The cut is not displayed because the cut at the computed point is zero.
123
PART 4 DATA RECORDING
·This section explains JOB or memory settings which can be performed in Memory Mode and data recording
methods which can be performed in Record Mode.
· Press MEM in Date/ time Screen to enter Memory Storage screen.
Memory Mode Screen

Memory ↑ Memory
1. JOB 6. Initialize
2. Known data 5 7. All File
3. Code 8. Grid Factor
4. Define roads
· To enter Memory Mode, press MEM in
5. U Disk Mode ↓
Record Mode Screen
1. Dist data A:\ JOB01

2. Back sight data ↑
3. Angle data 5
4. Dist data
5. Coord data
6. Dist+Coord data ↓
· To enter Record Mode, press REC in “MEAS Mode Screen”.

· Press ESC to return to previous screen.
7. Note
8. View
20 SETTING IN MEMORY MODE
124
Memory Mode Screen ·To enter Memory Mode, press MEM in the “Status
Screen”
· In Memory Mode, it is possible to perform settings
Memory ↑
concerning JOB and memory.
1. JOB
2. Known data 5 · JOB selection
3. Code
· Deleting a JOB
4. Define roads
5. U Disk Mode ↓ · Registering Coordinate Data in Memory
Clearing Coordinate Data from Memory
· Reviewing Coordinate data
· Inputting codes
· Reviewing codes
· Outputting JOB data to the computer
20.1 JOB Selection
20.1.1 Current JOB Selection
· Before recording data, select the JOB in which it is to be recorded. The following data can be recorded in JOB.
·Measurement results
·Instrument station data
·Notes
PROCEDURE
Mem./ JOB
1. JOB selection
⑴ Select “1. JOB” in the “Memory Mode “1. JOB” 2. Coord read JOB
Screen” and press ENT (or press numeric key 1), + 3. JOB Export
ENT 4. Coord . import
the “JOB Management Screen” is displayed. 5. comms output
JOB selection
⑵ Select “1. JOB Selection” then press ENT (or “1. JOB Job : J0B1
press numeric key 1). Selection”
+
ENT LIST OK
125
⑶imput the filename JOB selection
▲ Job : J0B2
or
Press ▲or ▼key to move the cursor onto the file ▼
LIST OK
needs to be changed, press LIST key. All jobs
+
will be displayed in 4 pages, the numbers on List * JOB01 20
right side show the record amount. * JOB02 8
ATTR SRCH EXIT P1

⑷ Mem./ JOB
Finish the imputting and return to previous menu 1. JOB selection
2. Coord read JOB
3. JOB Export
ENT 4. Coord . import
5. comms output
20.1.2 Check Memory Status and Format the Disk

Below operations are to check memory size, free space, data format.
Operation key display

(1) Enter “job selection” Screen. JOB selection
Job : J0B2
LIST OK
(2)
Disk:A
LIST Enter disk list Disk:B
Disk: A local disk
Disk: B SD card (does not support file LIST
name or directory name in Chinese).
ATTR FORMAT OK
When operating the data file in the SD
card, please do not put out the SD card,
otherwise the surveying data may be lost or
be damaged.
126
(3)
Disk:A
Filer :
ATTR to check the disk space Type: local disk
File Sys: FAT 12
Used spc: 0.04 MB
ESC to return to previous menu
P1
Disk:A
Free spc: 1.96 MB
Capacity:: 2.00 MB
P2
(4)
FORMAT Enter the interface for Format Disk :B
formatting Format may del data

OK Start formatting (the data will Sure to format?
not be recovered forever) CE OK

CE Cancel the operation for
formatting
20.1.3 Create new working job
To creat a new working job, the Job name can be from A-Z, or 0-9. The first character can not be Space.
Using an exsited job name is not allowed.
Procedure Key Display

(1) JOB selection
Enter the “Job Selection” screen. Job : J0B2
Press LIST to enter disk list. LIST
Choose a disk for creating new LIST OK
job. Disk:A
Disk:B
Press OK to enter job list OK
ATTR SFORMAT OK
127
(2)
Press P2 to enter the second JOB1.JOB [JOB]
JOB2.JOB [JOB]
page.
Press NEW to create new list.
ATTR SRCH EXIT P1
MEW REN. DEL P2
(3)
Select “2 New job” to create New
new file 1. New direct
2. New job
OK Finish the creation for new

job and return to previous menu. New job
Dir.:
The user can create new job in
local disk and SD card.
OK
20.1.4 Change Job name

Job name can be edited through the below operation.
Procedure Key display

(1) LIST JOB selection
Enter the “Job Selection” screen. Job : J0B2
LIST Enter disk list and choose
LIST OK
a disk for creating new job.
Disk:A
OK Disk:B
OK Enter job list.
ATTR FORMAT OK
(2)
Enter “ page 2” by pressing P1 JOB1.JOB [JOB]
JOB2.JOB [JOB]
ATTR SRCH EXIT P1
MEW REN. DEL P2
128
(3)
Press REN. to enter the screen REN.
for changing job name. JOB: JOB1

OK Finish the operation and
return to previous menu OK
20.1.5 Delete Job

This function is to clear the data in working job.
If the data in JOB file was deleted, the filename which have been changed will restore to its default name
automatically.
Procedure Key display

(1) JOB selection
Enter the “Job Selection” screen. LIST Job : J0B2
LIST Enter disk list and choose a
disk for creating new job. LIST OK
LIST Enter job list. Disk:A
Disk:B
OK
ATTR FORMAT OK
(2)
Enter “ page 2” by pressing P1 JOB1.JOB [JOB]
JOB2.JOB [JOB]
ATTR SRCH EXIT P1
MEW REN. DEL P2
(3)
Press DEL it displays the DEL
selected job. DEL Delete file

Confirm for delete it. JOB01.JOB
Sure to delete?
CE OK
(4)Press OK to finish deletion JOB2.JOB [JOB]
and turn back to previous menu. OK
MEW REN. DEL P2

129
20.1.6 Coordinate Selection
Coordinates can be selected through below operation.

PROCEDURE
Mem./ JOB (1)
1 JOB selection
⑴ Select “1. JOB” in the “Memory Mode “1. JOB” 2. Coord. read JOB
ENT 4. Coord. import
the “JOB Management Screen” is displayed. 5. Comms Output
Coord. Read JOB

⑵ Select “2. Coord read JOB” then press
2. Coord Job : J0B1
ENT (or press numeric key 2). read
JOB
”
+ LIST OK
ENT
⑶ Input the filename to be selected. JOB selection
▲ Job : J0B2
Press ▲or ▼key to move the cursor onto the file
or
needs to be changed, press LIST key. All jobs ▼
LIST OK
will be displayed in 4 pages, the numbers on
+
right side show the record amount. LIST * JOB01 20
* JOB02 8
ATTR SRCH EXIT P1

⑷
Finish the imputting and return to previous menu
Mem./ JOB (1)
1. JOB selection
2. Coord. read JOB
ENT 3. JOB Export
4. Coord. Import
5. Comms output
20.1.7 Job Export
This operation requires SD card. It is to export working job from local disk to SD card. The exported file will be
130
transformed to .txt format.
PROCEDURE
Mem./ JOB (1)
1 JOB selection
Select a job
⑵ Select “3. JOB Export” then press ENT “3. JOB Job : J0B1
(or press numeric key 3). Export
”
+
ENT LIST OK
(3) File output

▲
Then input the filename. or
▼ Job: JOB2
Or press LIST to enter Job list and choose job. +

LIST LIST OK
Then press ENT.
* JOB01 20
* JOB02 8
ATTR SRCH EXIT P1

⑷
From A \ job. Job
The operation as right To B: \ JOB. TXT
EXIT
Finishing
Mem./ JOB (1)

1 JOB selection
(5)Finish the imputting and return to previous 2. Coord. read JOB
menu 3. JOB Export
4. Coord. import
5. Comms Output
131
20.1.8 Coordinate Import
It is to transfer a working job data from SD card to another job in local disk or in SD card.
It is not allowed to transfer between two jobs which are all exisited in Local disk.
PROCEDURE
Mem./ JOB (1)
1 JOB selection
⑵ Select “4. Coord . import” then press ENT

“4. File Import
(or press numeric key 4)
Imput the filename. Coord .
Job: JOB2
import”
Or press LIST to enter Job list and choose job. +
Then press ENT. ENT
LIST OK
(3)
Select a job
Create a new name for imported file
Job : J0B1
(Or press LIST to enter Job list and choose an
existed job.
LIST OK
Then press ENT.)
⑷
Coord. Import
The operation as right
From B: \ JOB. TXT
From A \ job. Job
EXIT
Finishing
Mem./ JOB (1)

(5)Finish the imputting and return to previous 1 JOB selection
menu 2. Coord. read JOB
3. JOB Export
4. Coord. import
5. Comms Output
132
20.1.9 Comms output
It allows to output working jobs from instrument to computer.
PROCEDURE
Mem./ JOB (1)
1 JOB selection
Select a job
(2) Select “5. Comms output”
“5. comms
then press ENT (or press numeric key 5) Job : J0B1
output”
+
ENT
LIST OK
Comms output
(3)Choose the job name and press ENT to start Transfer: USB
Job: A:\ Job1. JOB
output.
Sending
STOP
Finishing
Mem./ JOB (1)

1 JOB selection
(5)Finish the imputting and return to previous
menu 2. Coord. read JOB
3. JOB Export
4. Coord. import
5. Comms Output
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20.1.10 Comms input
It allows user to transfer data from computer to total station and restore it in working jobs.
First, edit the coordinate data by KOLIDA data transmission software in the computer
Second, set the data communication parameters in total station and computer.

Mem./ JOB (1)
1 JOB selection
Enter page 2.
Mem./ JOB (2)
6. Comms input
7. Key in Coord.
JOB selection
“6. Comms
⑵ Select “6. Comms input” then press ENT (or input” Job : J0B1
press numeric key 6). +
ENT
LIST OK
Comms input
Transfer: USB
(3)Choose the job name and press ENT to start Job: A \ job. Job
Receiving
input.
STOP
Mem./ JOB (2)

1 Comms input
(4)Finish the imputting and return to previous
2. Key in Coord.
menu
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20.1.11 Transfer coord data to job
User can imput coordinate data into working job.

Mem./ JOB (1)
1 JOB selection
Enter page 2
Mem./ JOB (2)
6. Comms input
7. Key in Coord.
⑵ Select “7. Key in Coord.” then press ENT (or “7. key in Select a job
press numeric key 7). coord”
+ Job :
OK
LIST OK
(3)
Choose a Job name or Create a new job name. Select a job
(or press LIST to choose from local disk or SD
card). OK Job : J0B1
OK to Confirm. LIST OK
Pt 101
Pt 102
(4)All the coordinates are listed now.. ADD Pt 103
Press ADD to enter the Coordinate Data input
screen.
VIEW SRCH DEL ADD
N: 0.000 m
(5)Input the coordinates value N E Z, point name, E: 0.000 m
and code. Z: 0.000 m
Pt.: 001
Code: KOLIDA
REC. CODE
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(6)After finish the imput, press REC. to record N: 100.000 m
the known point. E: 10.000 m
Z: 1.000 m
Press ESC to return to previous menu. Pt.: 001
Code KOLIDA
ADD to continue imputing new point. REC CODE
20.2 Known point Data Import
· It is possible to register coordinate data in memory in advance. The coordinate data which has
been registered can be output during setting for use as instrument station, backsight station, known point, and
setting-out point coordinate data.
· Coordinate data is stored in a part of the memory separated from JOB data.
· There are two registration methods: key entry and entry from an external instrument.
20.2.1. Input coordinate of known point
PROCEDURE
⑴ Select “2. Known data” in “Memory Mode 1. Key in coord
“2. Known 2. coord import
Screen” and press ENT(or press numeric key data” 3. coord export
2), the “Known Point Menu Screen” is + 4. comms input
ENT 5. comms output
displayed. 6. clear
⑵ Select “1. Key in coord” and press ENT, the N: 110.000m

“1. Key in N: 100.000m
“Coordinate Data Entry Screen” is displayed. coord” N: 10.000m
Press ADD to set the following items: + Pt.: 001
ENT Code: KOLIDA
N, E, Z coordinate values, point name, code. + REC
After each entry press ENT. ADD
⑷ Press REC to record the coordinate value 1. Key in coord

2. coord import
into memory, next it is possible to enter 3. coord export
other coordinate data. REC 4. comms input
+ 5. comms output
After the registration of all the coordinate data ESC 6. clear
has been completed, press ESC to return to
the “Known Point Menu Screen”.
·Maximum point number size: 14 characters
NOTE：Coordinates input range: -99999999.999 to +99999999.999 (m)
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20.2.2 Known Coordinate data import
It is to import data (.txt file) from SD card to a specified file in Local Disk.
PROCEDURE
⑴ Select “2. Known data” in “Memory Mode Mem./ Known
1. Key in coord
Screen” and press ENT(or press numeric key “2. Known 2. coord import
2), the “Known Point Menu Screen” is data” 3. coord export
+ 4. comms input
displayed. ENT 5. comms output
6. clear
File import
⑵ Select “2. Coord import” and press ENT, to
enter the display for coord import, input or import “2. coord Job
the data job name. (or press LIST to choose import”
the .txt file in SD card). +
Press OK. ENT LIST OK
⑵ Import starts now. Import cood
From B:\ JOB1.TXT

To A：\ coord.PTS
QUIT
Data import accomplihed
20.2.3 Known Coordinate data export
It realizes the data transmission from local disk to the “.TXT file” in SD card.
PROCEDURE
⑴ Select “2. Known data” in “Memory Mode 1. Key in coord
2. coord import
Screen” and press ENT(or press numeric key “2. Known 3. coord export
2), the “Known Point Menu Screen” is data” 4. comms input
+ 5. comms output
displayed. ENT 6. clear
⑵ Select “3. coord export” and press ENT, to File output

enter the display for coord output, input or Job
import the data job name. (or press LIST to “3.Coord
export”
choose the .txt file in SD card). +
Press OK. ENT LIST OK
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⑶ After the export of all the coordinate data has Job Export
been completed, it returns to the “Known From A:\ Coord.PTS
Point Menu Screen”. To B:\ JOB1.TXT
ESC
Data export accomplished.
20.2.4 Entering coordinate data from computer
·The format of the coordinate data is the SDR33. There are two formats, see below:
1. /Dg 123.456, -1234.123, 12.345, BE122 CODE[SUM]CRLF
a b c d e f
Data identification code
N coordinate
E coordinate
Z coordinate
2. The coordinate format which is provided by KOLIDA software.
Point number，
，E，N，Z CRLF
First, edit coordinate format with KOLIDA communication software on computer.

·Second, set communication parameters on total station.（Refer to “23.1Changing Instrument Parameters”）

1. Key in coord
2. coord import
⑴ Select “2. Known data” in the “Memory “2. Known 3. coord export
Mode Screen” and press ENT to show the data” 4. comms input
+ 5. comms output
“Known Point Menu Screen”. ENT 6. clear
Comms input
Transfer: USB
⑵ Select “4. Comms input” and press ENT, “4.Comms Job: A:\COORD. PTS
the “Data Format Display Screen” is input” Receiving
displayed. Press ENT again, start data +
reception. The received data amount is showed ENT STOP
on the bottom of the screen.
1. Key in coord
2. coord import
⑷ Data input finished, display returns toknow
3. coord export
data screen.
4. comms input
5. comms output
6. clear
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☆ Note：Before performing communication between KTS and other equipments, make sure that their
communication parameters should be equal.（Refer to “23.1 Changing Instrument Parameters”）
20.2.5 Sending known point data to computer
1. Key in coord
⑴ Under memory mode choose “2. Known 3. coord export
data”
data”and press ENT to enter known point screen. + 4. comms input
ENT 5. comms output
6. clear
5. comms Comms output

⑵ Choose“5. Comms output”and press
output Transfer: USB
ENT.The machine starts sending known
+ Job: A:\COORD. PTS
data,then sending data amount shows in the Sending
bottom of the screen. ENT
STOP
1. Key in coord
⑷ Data output finished, display returns toknow
2. coord import
data screen.
3. coord export
4. comms input
5. comms output
6. clear
20.2.6 Clearing Coordinate Data from Memory
This operation is for deleting all coordinate data in internal memory.

1. Key in coord
⑴ Under memory mode choose “2. Known 3. coord export
data”
data”and press ENT to enter known point screen. + 4. comms input
ENT 5. comms output
6. clear
6. clear Known data

⑵ Choose“6. clear ”and press ENT. To enter the
+ Clear confirm ?
display for data clearing.
ENT
NO YES
YES to delete, NO to cancel.
139
1. Key in coord
2. coord import
⑷ data clear, display returns to known data screen.
3. coord export
4. comms input
5. comms output
6. clear
20.3 Input Codes

·It is possible to save codes in memory.
·It is possible to read in codes registered in memory when recording instrument station data or
observation data.
PROCEDURE
Mem./Code
“3. Code” 1. Key in code
⑴ Select “3. Code” in the “Memory Mode + 2. Code import
Screen” and press ENT (or press numeric ENT 3. receive code
4. Clear list
key 3), the “Code menu screen” is
displayed.
⑵ Select “1. Key in code” and press ENT “1. Key in

(or press numeric key 1 ). code”
+ VIEW SRCH DEL ADD
ENT
(3) Mem./Code
ADD to input code 1. Key in code
OK to record the code. ADD 2. Code import
ESC to finish inputing 3. receive code
The max. length is 16 characters OK 4. Clear list
20.3.1 Code import

PROCEDURE
Mem./Code
1. Key in code
⑴ Select “3. Code” in the “Memory Mode “3. Code” 2. Code import
Screen” and press ENT (or press numeric + 3. receive code
ENT 4. Clear list
key 3), the “Code menu screen” is displayed.
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File import
2. Code
⑶ Select “2. Code import import Job:
” and press ENT (or press numeric key 2). +
ENT LIST OK
20.3.2 Receive code

Receive the data from computer and save in specified working job.
PROCEDURE
Mem./Code
1. Key in code
⑴ Select “3. Code” in the “Memory Mode “3. Code” 2. Code import
Screen” and press ENT (or press numeric + 3. receive code
ENT 4. Clear list
Mem./Code
3. 1. Key in code
⑵ Select “. 3. receive code ” and press receive 2. Code import
ENT (or press numeric key 1 ). code 3. receive code
+ 4. Clear list
ENT USB initializating………….
(3)When the transfer is finished. The screen Receive code

Transfer:USB
return back to previous menu automatically Job:A:|\ PCDDE. LIB
Receiving
STOP
20.3.3 All clear

All code data in memory can be deleted by this operation
PROCEDURE
Mem./Code
“3. Code” 1. Key in code
⑴ Select “3. Code” in the “Memory Mode + 2. Code import
Screen” and press ENT (or press numeric ENT 3. receive code
4. Clear list
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Code deletion
4.
⑵ Select “4. Clear list” and press Clear Clear list ?
ENT (or press numeric key 4 ). list
+ NO YES
ENT
(3) Mem./Code
1. Key in code
YES Confirm for deletion YES 2. Code import
NO Undo the previous operation 3. receive code
4. Clear list
Road design
The designs for road data also can be carried out in memory moder, for the operation, please take chapter“19.
Road design” as reference
20.4 Memory mode

In this mode, user can manage the transferring and editing of file by PC
PROCEDURE
⑴ Select “5 U Disk Mode” in the “Memory Momory(1)
5. U Disk 1 JOB
Mode Screen” and press ENT (or press numeric Mode 2 Knowm data
key 5) + 3 code
ENT 4 define roads
5 U Disk Mode
U Disk Mode
(2)Enter the display for connecting Connected to PC………….
EXIT
(3)Double click “my computer”, you see the local disk I (total station) and mobile disk H (SD card).
142
(4)Double click local disk I or removable dick H, then choose the file data that you want to edit, right click it and
select the “copy command” in the popup menu.
(5)Enter removable disk H, paste the file to removable disk by selecting the copied item in the popup menu.
Moveover, the popup menu also supports the deleting and editing of file data. By pessing [ESC] on the keyboard
of KTS-440 RC, disconnects the computer and returns to data communication menu.
20.5 Initialization
·This operation restores instrument parameters to factory default settings and clear all data.
·Below settings will be restored by initialization.
① Observation condition:
Atmosphere correction, vertical angle format, tilt correction, measurement type, auto power off, coordinate unit,
minimim angle display, minimum distance display, keyboard buzzer, same (or different) result of coordinate
measurement by measuring with face left/ right.
143
②Communication setting:
Baud rate, data bit, parity, stop bit, check sum, flow control.
③Unit：
Temperature, air pressure, angle and distance unit.
④Distance measurement setting:
Temp., pressure, atmosphere correction factor (PPM), prism constant correction value (PC), distance
measurement mode.
⑤Key function：
Factory setting for key function.
·Below data will be initialized

1. data in all jobs
2. data in interior memory.
3. code in interior memory.

Memory (1)
1. JOB
⑴ Select “6. initialize “and press ENT (or “6.initialize” 2. known data
press numeric key 6), + 3. code
ENT 4. define roads
5. U disck mode
Memory (2)
6. initialize
7. all file
8. grid factor
(2) Initialize
YES :Confirm for initialization. Restore factory set
NO: Cancel initialization. YES Are you sure ?
NO YES
Initialize partameter
(3)Finish initialization and return to previous
menu. Initializing ……..
Please waiting ……….
144
20.6 All documents

Memory (1)
1. JOB
7. All file 2. known data
⑴ Select “7. All file “ in Memory Mode Screen” + 3. code
ENT 4. define roads
and press ENT (or press numeric key 7), 5. U disck mode
Memory (2)
6. initialize
7. all file
8. grid factor
(2) Disk:A
Disk:B
OK:enter the display for all file. OK
ATTR Format OK
(3)Show file list

PCODE. LIB code fixed file
COORD. PTS known data PCODE. LIB [CODE]
Those two files are system file , which could not COORD. PTS [Know]
be deleted or changed. JOB1.JOB [JOB]
JOB1.JOB job file JOB1.HAL [HZAL]
JOB1.HAL horizontal alignment file JOB1.JVCL [VTAL]
JOB1.VCL vertical curve file ATTR SRCH EXIT P1
JOB1.TXT text file
20.7 Setting for Grid Factor
When calculating coordinates, measured horizontal distance should be multiplied by scale factor. The raw data will
not be changed by scale factor.
Formula:
R
1．Height factor =
R + ELEV
R ：the average radius of the earth

ELEV：the average height of sea level
2．Scale factor
Scale factor：the scale factor of station point
145
3．Grid factor
Grid factor = height factor × scale factor
Distance calculation
1．Grid distance
HDg = HD × grid factor
HDg：Grid distance
HD ：ground distance
2．Ground distance
HD = HDG/ grid factor
Note：1. Input range of scale factor: 0.990000 ～ 1.010000 Default value: 1.00000.
2. The input range of average altitude：-9999.8 ～ 9999.8.
Average altitude keeps 1 digit after radix point, default value is 0.
Memory (1)
1. JOB
(1)Select “8. Grid factor” in Memory Mode 2. known data
Screen” and press ENT (or press numeric key 8). 3. code
“8. Grid factor” 4. define roads
5. U disck mode
+
ENT Memory (2)
6. initialize
7. all file
8. grid factor
Input
elevation Grid Factor
⑵ It displays current setting. Input elevation and + =1.000000
ENT Elevation： 1.000m
scale factor, press ENT key.
Input scale Scale ： 1.000000 5
factor
+ OK
ENT
Memory (2)
It gets grid factor., returns to the previous screen. 6. initialize
7. all file
8. grid factor
146
21. DATA RECORDING IN RECORD MODE
Record Mode Screen ·To enter Record Mode, press REC in the “MEAS Mode Screen.”
1. Stn data A:\JOB01 ·Operations concerning the regarding of data can be performed in
2. back sight data Record Mode.
3. angle data
4. dist data ·Recording Distance Measurement Data.
5. Coord data ·Recording Angle Measurement Data.
6. dist+ coord data
·Recording Coordinates Data.
7. Note A:\ JOB01 ↑ ·Recording Station Point Data.

8. view Recording backsight point Data.
↓ ·Recording notes.
·Reviewing JOB data.
21.1 Recording Instrument Station Data
·It is possible to record instrument station data in a JOB.

·The items which can be recorded are the instrument coordinates, point number, codes, instrument height, operator,
date, time, weather, wind, temperature, air pressure, atmospheric correction factor, target type, prism constant
correction value, and distance measurement method.
PROCEDURE
. Stn data A:\JOB01
2. back sight data
3. angle data
⑴ Press REC in the second page of MEAS REC. 4. dist data
5. Coord data
Mode. The “Record Mode Screen” is displayed. 6. dist+ coord data
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N0 10.364
E0 234.897
Z0 49.098
⑵ Select “1. Stn data” and press ENT (or press
Pt. ： POINT2000
numeric key 4), the present instrument station
Inst. h： 1.65 m ↓
data is displayed, there are a total of 4 pages.
Enter the following data items: SAVE READ OK
Instrument station coordinates

Point number Code ↑
Code :
Instrument height Name:
Operator :
Date and time “1. Stn ↓
Weather data” SAVE CODE OK
Wind +
Distance measurement method ENT
Temperature Date： 2010-08-07
Air pressure Time： 10：14：52
Atmospheric correction factor Weat： Fine
Prism constant correction value
Wind： Calm
Mode： Fine [S] ↓
SAVE OK
Temp.： 20 ℃
Press.： 1013.0 hPa
PPM ： 0
PC ： -30
SAVE 0PPM OK
1. Stn data A:\JOB01

2. back sight data
⑶ After entering all data, press OK to record the 3. angle data
station data and restore the “Record Mode OK 4. dist data
Screen.” 5. Coord data
6. dist+ coord data
·Movement of the cursor between items：▲ ▼

· Entry rules：
Read in coordinate：READ
Pt. ：14 numerals and letters
Code: 16 numerals and letters
Read in code：CODE
Time：pm 3：33：37 enter 153337
Date：Year 2010 month 8 day 7 enter 20100807
·Setting methods and content：
Weather：Press to select (clear, cloudy, light rain, rain, snow)
Wind：Press to select (calm, gentle, light, strong, very strong)
148
Mode：Press to select (Fine[r], Fine AVG [n], Fine[s], Tracking)
· To set the atmospheric correction factor to 0 ppm: 0PPM
21.2 Recording backsight data

It allows you to record backsight point data by 2 ways：
·set backsight point by angle
·set backsight point by coordinate
21.2.1 Set backsight point by Angle

It allows you to set backsight azimuth angle by inputting angle value directly.
Steps
Operation procedures Key Display
Back Sight Data

⑴ Under coordinate measurement screen, usd▲▼
“1.Angle” 1. Angle
to select “2. Back sight data” pٛ etting(or press
2. Coord.
numeric key 2), displays as right, choose“1. angle”.
Input angle
value Set Azimuth
＋ HAR：
⑵ OK 5
Input Azimuth and press OK key.
OK
Set Azimuth
⑶ YES Sight BS point

Sight at backsight point and press YES. HAR： 0°00′00″
NO YES
1.Stn data A:\JOB01

2. back sight data
3. angle data
⑷ Finish azimuth zٛ ettingand returns to previous
4. dist data
menu
5. Coord data
6. dist+ coord data
21.2.2 Set backsight point by coordinate

You can set backsight azimuth angle by inputting backsight coordinate, the machine calculates azimuth angle by
station point coordinate and backsight coordinate.
149
Backsight data
“2 Coord” 1. Angle
⑴ In backsight setting menu, choose “2.coord.”.
2. Coord.
⑵ After inputting backsight point coordinate NBS, Input

backsight Back sight point
EBS, ZBS, after each entry press ENT, then
point NBS ： 1382.450
pressOK . To use value in memory, press Read Key.
coordinate EBS ： 3455.235
+ ZBS ： 1234.344
ENT
+ READ OK
OK
⑶ the machine calculates backsight azimuth by
Set Azimuth
station point coordinate and backsight point
coordinate, screen shows as right.(HAR is the
Sight BS Point
backsight azimuth)
HAR： 40°00′00″
NO YES

2. back sight data
⑷ Sight at backsight point, press YES, finish
YES 3. angle data
setting and returns to coordinate measurement menu
4. dist data
screen.
5. Coord data
6. dist+ coord data
21.3 Recording Angle Measurement Data

·It is possible to record angle measurement data only in a JOB after entering Record Mode.
·Once the data has been recorded. REC can not be displayed in order to prevent double recording.
·It is convenient to use AUTO to perform automatic operation from angle measurement to recording.
·The items which can be recorded are the vertical angle, horizontal angle, point number, code, and target height.
PROCEDURE

2. back sight data
3. angle data
⑴ Press REC on the second page of the REC 4. dist data
5. Coord data
“MEAS Mode Screen”. 6. dist+ coord data
150
REC/Angle
⑵ Select “3. Angle data” and press ENT (or “3. Angle ZA 45°18′23″
press numeric key 3), the “Angle Measurement data” HAR 87°23′09″
+ Pt. ： POINT2000
Data Recording Screen” is displayed. ENT
ANGLE AUTO
REC/Angle
⑶ Sight the target and press ANGLE, the *ZA 76°34′17″

measurement results are displayed on line3 and 4 ANGLE *HAR 64°22′10″
(lines indicated by *) of the “Measurement Data Pt. ： POINT2000
Display Screen”. Values with no * are the angle REC ANGLE AUTO
measurement values displayed in real time.
⑷ Press REC to record the angle measurement *ZA 76°34′17″

data indicated by the “*”. *HAR 64°22′10″
Set the following items: point number, code, Pt. ： k2009
target height. Code： KOLIDA
After each entry press ENT. REC Tgt. h： 1.67 m
·Maximum point number size: 14(alphanumeric) SAVE CODE
·Maximum code size: 16 (alphanumeric)
REC/Angle
⑸ Press SAVE to record data. Because the same Pt.： POINT2000

data can not be recorded a second time. REC is ZA 45°18′23″
not displayed after recording. SAVE HAR 87°23′09″
ANGLE AUTO
REC/Angle
*ZA
⑹ *HAR
ANGLE :measure the angle again. ANGLE Pt.： POINT2001
REC ANGLE AUTO

2. back sight data
3. angle data
⑺ Press ESC to restore the “Record Mode ESC 4. dist data
Screen.” 5. Coord data
6. dist+ coord data
·· Perform distance measurement to record automatically by pressing a single key: AUTO.

When this key is used, it is unnecessary to perform distance measurement in MEAS Mode. Press AUTO on the
“Record Mode Screen” to perform distance measurement and automatically record the results. When this is done,
151
the point number automatically increases from that displayed when the KTS entered Record Mode and the code
that was displayed is used unchanged. After measurement has been completed, the results are display for 2 seconds
and the screen displayed before AUTO was pressed is restored.
21.4 Recording Distance Measurement Data
·It is possible to record the most recently measured distance measurement data in a JOB. And it is possible to
perform and record distance measurements, offset measurements, etc. after entering Record Mode.
·Once the data has been recorded, REC can not be displayed in order to prevent double recording.
·It is convenient to use AUTO to perform automatic operation from distance measurement to recording.
·The items recorded are slope distance, vertical angle, horizontal angle, point number, codes, and target height.
PROCEDURE
Meas. PC -30
⑴ Perform coordinate measurement in the “MEAS Mode PPM 0
S 1234.789 m
Screen.” ZA 89°59′54″
HAR 90°01′00″
P2
SD SHV HSET EDM

2. back sight data
3. angle data
⑵ Press REC on the second page of MEAS Mode. REC. 4. dist data
5. Coord data
6. dist+ coord data
REC/Dist.
*S 10.364 m
⑷ select “. 4. dist data” and press ENT (or press “4. Dist *ZA 76° 34′ 17″ 3
numeric key 4), the measurement results are data” *HAR 64° 22′ 10″
displayed on lines 2 to 4. (Lines indicated by “*”) + Pt. ： 2000
ENT REC OBS OFFS AUTO
⑷ Press REC to record the measurement data indicated by the

“*”.
S 10.364 m
Enter following items: point number, code, target height
ZA 76°34′17″
R.HT. HAR 64°22′10″
· KTS automatically increments the last input number by 1 and Pt. : 2000
display it. This point number can be used to record data in the REC
code kolida
memory or can be changed.
SAVE R.HT CODE
·Codes registered in advance can be read in by pressing CODE
152
REC/Dist.
S m
⑸ ZA 45° 18′ 23″ 3
Check the data and press SAVE. The data is recorded and the HAR 87° 23′ 09″
number of registrations possible declines by 1. Because the same SAVE Pt. ： 2001
data can not be recorded a second time. REC is not displayed after OBS. OFFS AUTO
recording.
REC/Dist.
Dist PC = -30
⑹ PPM = 0
Press OBS. to measure the distance again in Record Mode. OBS. Fine “S”
STOP

2. back sight data
3. angle data
⑺ Press ESC to restore the “Record Mode Screen.” ESC 4. dist data
5. Coord data
6. dist+ coord data
· Perform distance measurement to record automatically by pressing a single key: AUTO.

Offset measurement in Record Mode: OFFSET
It is possible to advance through “Offset/Dist” and “Offset/Angle” by pressing OFFSET. See “12. Offset
Measurement” for the procedure.
21.5 Recording Coordinates Data

·It is possible to record codes and the measured coordinates data only in a JOB after entering Record Mode.
·Once the data has been recorded. REC can not be displayed in order to prevent double recording.
·It is convenient to use AUTO to perform automatic operation from angle measurement to recording.
·The items which can be recorded are the vertical angle, horizontal angle, point number, code, and target height.
153
PROCEDURE
Meas. PC -30
PPM 0
⑴ Perform coordinate measurement in the S 1234.789 m
“MEAS Mode Screen.” ZA 89°59′54″
HAR 90°01′00″ P2
0SET CRD. S-O REC.

2. back sight data
⑵ Press REC in the second page of the “MEAS 3. angle data
Mode Screen.” The “Record Mode Screen” is REC 4. dist data
5. Coord data
displayed. 6. dist+ coord data
REC/Coord.
*N 10.364
⑶ Select “5. Coord. data” and press ENT, the 5. Coord data *E 234.897
measurement results are displayed on lines 2 to 4 + *Z 49.098
(lines indicated by *) of the “Measurement Data ENT
Screen.” Pt. ： POINT2000
REC OBS. OFFS AUTO
N 10.364
E 234.897
⑷ Press REC to record the measurement data Z 49.098
with *. Pt. ： POINT2000
Enter following data: Point number, code, target REC Code： KOLIDA
height. SAVE R.HT CODE
⑷
REC/Coord.
When the self checking is finished, Press SAVE
*N
to record data. System will creates a new point *E
number by adding “1” on the base of last point SAVE
*Z
number. user can use this number directly or
Pt.： POINT2000
create another number by himself
OBS. OFFS AUTO
In order to avoid duplicate record , the function
key REC will not show up until a new
measurement happens.
Coordinates
Coord. PC =0
PPM =0
⑹ Press OBS to measure the coordinates again OBS. Fine “S”
in Record Mode.
STOP
154
2. back sight data
3. angle data
⑺ Press ESC to restore the “Record Mode 4. dist data
Screen.” ESC 5. Coord data
6. dist+ coord data
Perform distance measurement to record automatically by pressing a single key: AUTO.

· Offset measurement in Record mode: OFFSET
It is possible to advance through “Offset/Dist” and “Offset/Angle” by pressing OFFSET. See “12. Offset
Measurement” for the procedure.
21.6 Recording distance and coordinate data.

The function can measure distance and coordinate at the same time then record distance data and coordinate data
seperately in working jobs.
·Under record mode, distance measurement data and coordinate data can be saved in working jobs.
·To avoid recording data repeatedly, after recording each measured data, before measuring new data, it will not
show the REC. function.
·Following distance measurement data will be saved：vertical angle, horizontal angle,code, target height.
Following distance measurement data will be saved: N, E, Z coordinate value, point name, target height, code.
“6. Dist+ 1. Stn data JOB01 ↑

Coord data” 2. Back sight data
⑴ In REC. menu choose “6. Dist+ Coord. data”. 3. Angle data
+
ENT 4. Dist data
5. Coord data
6. Dist+ coord data ↓
Dist+ Coord 1201 rec

⑵ The screen shows as right diagram, the line 2,3,4 *N 100.364
*E 234.897
(with“*”)are measuring data. *Z 49.098
Pt.： SS20004
REC. OBS. OFFS AUTO
155
*N 100.364 ↑
⑶ Press REC. to record measured data with“*”,
*E 234.897
the screen shows as right diagram.
REC. *Z 49.098
Input following data: point name, code, target
height. Pt.： SS20004
Press ENT after input all data. CODE： ↓
SAVE R.HT CODE
Dist+ Corrd
⑷ When the self checking is finished, Press SAVE
*N
to record data. System will creates a new point
SAVE *E
number by adding “1” on the base of last point
*Z
number. user can use this number directly or create
another number by himself Pt.： SS20004
OBS. OFFS AUTO
In order to avoid duplicate record , the function key
REC will not show up until a new measurement
happens.
Coordinate
⑸Press OBS to measure the coordinates again in
Record Mode.
OBS Coord. PC = 0
PPM =0
Fine-S
Stop
1. Stn data JOB01 ↑

2. Back sight data
ESC 3. Angle data
⑺ Press ESC to return to record mode screen.
4. Dist data
5. Coord data
6. Dist+ coord data ↓
·measure coordinate and record distance and coordinate data automatically: AUTO
By using AUTO key, it allows you to measure coordinate and record the result under record mode. The point
number will be original number plus 1, codes remain the same.After recording the result will be displayed for 2
seconds and it returns to the previous screen before pressing AUTO.
·Offset measurement under Rec. mode：OFFS

(Refer to“12. offset measurement”)
21.7 Recording Notes

·This procedure prepares note data and records it in the JOB which is selected.
PROCEDURE
7. note
8. view
⑴ Press REC in the second page of MEAS
Mode. The “Record Mode Screen” is displayed. REC
Enter Page 2.
156
REC./Note
⑵ Select “7. Note” and press ENT (or press KOLIDA
numeric key 7), the “Note Entry Screen” is “7. Note”
displayed and the final note data prepared is +
displayed. ENT
SAVE
7. note
(3) Enter the note and press SAVE to restore the 8. view
“Record Mode Screen.” SAVE
·Maximum note length: 60 characters
21.8 Reviewing JOB Data

·It is possible to display the data within the JOB which is selected.
·In advance allocate the function key to display VIEW. Refer to “22. Key Function Allocation.”
·It is possible to search for data within the JOB to be displayed by point number, but the note data can not be
searched.
PROCEDURE
7. note
8. view
⑴ Press REC in the second page of MEAS
Mode. The “Record Mode Screen” is displayed. REC
⑵ Select “8. view” and press ENT, the “Point Pt 101

Number Display Screen” is displayed. Pt 102
·Cursor up or down: ▲or▼ “8. view Pt 103
·Page previous or next or + Pt 104
SRCH Checking by point number ENT
DEL Delete point number
ADD Add new coordinate VIEW SRCH DEL ADD
N 10.364
⑶ press VIEW and enter the display as the E 100.145
picture on right. Z 10.756
Pt. ： 1
TOP Show the first data VIEW Code: KOLIDA
LAST Show the last data TOP LAST P1
157
Pt 101
Pt 102
Pt 103
⑷ Press ESC to return to previous menu ESC Pt 104
VIEW SRCH DEL ADD
7. note
8. view
⑸ Press ESC again to restore the “Record
Mode Screen.” ESC
158
PART 5 MEASUREMENT OPTIONS SELECTION
· This section explains the setting of keys functions of KTS-440, the setting of parameters, etc.
22. KEY FUNCTION ALLOCATION
· With the KTS-440 (L)(R), it is possible to allocate the soft keys in MEAS Mode to meet measurement conditions.
The current soft key allocations are retained forever until they are revised again, even when the power is cut off.
Two register locations are available in Internal memory card for users: user setting 1 and user setting 2. User setting
keys registered could be resumed at any time.
· It is definite to operate the KTS-440 efficiently because unique soft key allocations can be preset to suit various
applications and the ways that different operators handle the instrument.
· Press CNFG in the “Status Screen,” the “setting mode screen” is displayed. Select “6. Key Function” and press
either ENT or numeric key 6, to enter the “Key Setting Screen.”
The following operations can be performed in the “Key Allocation Mode.”
1 Obs.condition
· Key allocation
2 Instr.const · Registration of the allocation
3 Date&time
4 Comms setup · Recalling the allocation
5 unit
6 Key funtction
159
Existing Key Allocations
1. Setting 2. Registration
Set new allocations in Key
Allocation Mode
RECORDING Registration
Display new key allocations
User setting 1
Factory setting
User setting 2
Call Out
3. Read in
22.1 Allocation and Registration
· It is possible to set new key allocations in the “Key Allocation Screen.”

When new key allocations are set, the content of the function keys in MEAS Mode are displayed. This allocation
is recorded in the instrument until they are set again.
It is possible to register two kinds of allocations: User setting 1 and User setting 2.
NOTE：When soft key allocations are recorded and registered, the previously recorded settings are cleared.
160
It is possible to allocate the functions displayed in the “Setting Mode Screen” to the soft keys. The following
functions can be allocated to the soft keys.
1) SD, HD, VD: Distance measurement.
2) SHV: Select distance mode (slope distance, horizontal distance, height difference)
3) 0set: Set horizontal angle to 0
4) H. ANG: Set required horizontal angle
5) R/L: Select horizontal angle right/Left
6) REP: Repetition Measurement
7) HOLD: Hold horizontal angle/ release horizontal angle
8) ZA/% : Switch between zenith angle/ slope in %
9) HT: Set the instrument height and target height
10）REC: Data recording
11）REM: REM measurement
12）MLM: Missing line measurement
13）RCL: Display final measurement data
14）View: Display observation data for the selected JOB
15）EDM: Distance measurement parameters setting (Atmospheric correction, prism constant correction, distance
measurement mode)
16）COORD: Coordinates measurement
17）S-O: Setting-out measurement
18）OFFSET: Offset measurement
19）MENU: To Menu Mode
20）RESEC: Resection measurement
21）DOUT: Output measurement results to external instrument
22）F/M: Switch between meters/feet
23）AREA: Area calculation
24）ROAD: Road measurement
25）PROJ: Point Projection
26）LINE: Straght line setout
· The following are the soft key allocations when the KTS-440 was shipped from factory.
Page 1: SD, SHV, HSET, EDM
Page 2: 0set, COORD, S-O, REC
Page 3: MLM, RESEC, MENU, HT
22.1.1 Allocating functions

· It is possible to freely allocate up to 12 kinds of functions to the soft keys. The allocated key array is saved until it
is revised again, even when the power is cut off.
161
It is possible to allocate the same keys on each page (example 1). The same function can be allocated to more than
one key on the same page (example 2). And it is also possible to allocate a function to only one key (example 3).
Example 1
P1 DIST, SHV, H. ANG, EDM
P2 DIST, SHV, H. ANG, EDM
Example 2
P1 DIST, SHV, H. ANG,, DIST
--------------------------------
Example 3
P1 DIST, SHV, ----, ----
--------------------------------
PROCEDURE
Key Func.
1. Define
⑴ In Setting Mode Screen, select “6. Key “6. Key 2. Registration
Function,” press ENT (or press numeric key 6), Function” 3. Recall
the “Key Setting Menu Screen” is displayed. +
ENT
P1 DIST SHV DIST ↑

HSET EDM SHV
P2 0SET CRD. 0SET
⑵ Select “1. Define” and press ENT (or press “1. Define”
S-O REC HSET
numeric key 1), the “Allocation Screen” is +
P3 MLM RESE R/L ↓
displayed. ENT
MENU HT
OK
Key Func.
HSET EDM SHV
⑶ Align the cursor with the keys on the left half P2 0SET CRD. 0SET
of the screen whose allocation is changed using or
S-O REC HSET
or .
P3 MLM RESE R/L
MENU HT OK ↓

HSET R/L SHV
⑷Align the cursor with the keys on the right half P2 0SET CRD. 0SET
of the screen which are to be allocated using S-O REC HSET
or . ▲or▼
P3 MLM RESE R/L
MENU HT OK ↓
162
HSET R/L SHV
P2 0SET HOLD 0SET
⑸ Press ENT to allocate the functions S-O REC HSET
designated in step 4 to the positions designated in ENT
P3 MLM RESE R/L
step 3.
MENU HT OK
Key Func.
1. Define
⑹ Repeat steps 3 to 5 only as many times as OK 2. Registration
necessary. Press OK to record the allocations and 3. Recall
to restore the “Key Setting Screen.”
☆ NOTE: When DIST is allocated to key, it will display SD, HD or VD. Press SHV key to change among
them.
22.1.2 Registering an allocation
·It is possible to register two soft key arrays allocated in the “Allocation Screen” as User Registration 1 and User
Registration 2.
·The registered soft key arrays can be called and used as needed (See “18.2 Recalling Allocation”）
PROCEDURE
Key Func.
1. Define
Function,” press ENT(or press numeric key 6), Function” 3. Recall
ENT
Key func.
⑵ Select “2. Registration” and press ENT (or “2. 1. User’ s 1
press numeric key 2), the “Allocation Registration” 2. User’ s 2
Registration Screen” is displayed. +
ENT
Key func.
⑶ Select either “user’1” or “user’2” as the soft “1.user’1”or“2. Registered to 1
key array to be registered and press ENT. User’2” Press any key
+
ENT
163
Key Func.
⑷ Press any key to restore the “Allocation Press any key 1. Define
Registration Screen.” and return to “Key Setting 2. Registration
Screen”. 3. Recall
22.2 Recalling an Allocation
·It is possible to recall the soft key arrays registered for User 1 and User 2 as necessary.
NOTE: When an array is recalled, the key array is changed to the key array which has been recalled, clearing the
previous key array.
PROCEDURE
Key Func.
1. Define
Function,” press ENT(or press numeric key 6), Function” 3. Recall
ENT
Key Func.
1. User’s 1
“3. Recall” 2. User’s 2
⑵ Select “3. Recall” and press ENT to show the + 3. Default
“Allocation Recall Screen.” ENT
Key Func.
1. Define
⑶ Select “1. User’s 1” or “2. User’s 2” or “3. “1. User’s 2. Registration
Default” and press ENT to restore key functions. 1” 3. Recall
T +
This displays the functions in the recalled array in ENT
the “MEAS Mode Screen”.
23. INSTRUMENT PARAMETERS SETTING

· This section explains the parameters which are set in Setting Mode. The set parameters are recorded until they are
revised.
23.1 Changing Instrument Parameters

· The following are the items set and their parameters.
Table 1:
164
Screen Setting Parameter Options（*: Factory Setting）
None *
Atmospheric Correction K=0.14
K=0.2
Zenith 0° *
Vertical angle format Horizontal 0°
Horizontal 0° ±90°
None*
Tilt correction Dual-axis
Single axis
OBSERVATION
SD *
CONDITION
Distance measurement mode HD
VD
Automatic power cut off Auto cut off after 30 Minutes *
Switch on/off by key
Coordinates format N-E-Z *
E-N-Z
Minimum angle value 1″ *

5″
Read-in JOB Enter the Read-in JOB
Table 2:
Screen Setting Parameters Options（*: Factory setting）
1200 b/s * ， 2400b/s
Baud rate 4800 b/s * ， 9600b/s
19200 b/s ， 38400b/s
57600b/s ， 115200b/s
Communication
8 bits *
Setup
Data length 7 bits
None *
Parity Even
Odd
Stop bit 1 bit *
2 bits
Check sum Off *
On
165
Transfer USB*
COM
Table 3：
Screen Setting Parameters Option（*：Factory setting）
Temperature ℃ *
℉
hPa *
Air pressure mmHg
Unit inHg
DEG *(360 degrees)
Angle GON (400 gons)
MIL
Distance M*
Ft
PROCEDURE
2004-01-01 10：00：48
KTS-440
No.S09996
⑴ In Measurement screen, press ESC to show ESC Ver.2004-1.02
the status screen. Job: JOB01
MEAS MEM CNFG
Config (1).
1. Obs. condition
2. Instr. const
⑵ Press CNFG under the status screen, the CNFG 3. Date & time
Setting Mode Screen is displayed. 4. Comms setup
5. Unit
166
Condition (1)
C&R crn: No
⑶ Select “1. Obs. condition” and press ENT to
show “Observation Condition Setting “1. Obs. V. obs : Zenith 0
Screen”. It is possible to check and change condition”
Tilt crn. : Yes(H&V)
the parameter settings. When “↑” or “↓” is +
displayed, there are items above or below, ENT Dist mode: SD ↓
use ▲or▼ to scroll the screen. It is possible Power off: off
to change the parameter setting of the current
line by using or key.
The following are the selected conditions. Condition (2)
(Those marked by an [*] are values set at the Coord: E-N-Z
factory)
Ang. Reso. : 5″ ↑
Coord. Search JOB:
JOB01
Config (1).
1. Obs. condition
2. Instr. const
⑷ Align the cursor with the final item after ENT 3. Date & time
setting is complete and press ENT. The 4. Comms setup
“Setting Mode Screen” is displayed. 5. Unit
Baud rate: 1200b/s

⑸Select “4. Comms setup” and press ENT to Data bits: 8bits
show the “Communication Conditions Parity : Not set
Setting Screen”. It is possible to check and ENT Stop bit : 1 bit
change the parameter settings. Check sum: off
The following are the selected conditions. X on/X off : No
(Those marked by an [*] are values set at the
factory)
Config (1).
1. Obs. condition
⑹ Align the cursor at the final item after setting 2. Instr. const
is completed and press ENT to return to the ENT 3. Date & time
“Setting Mode Screen.” 4. Comms setup
5. Unit
Unit
Temp. : ℃
⑺ Select “5. Unit” and press ENT. It is possible Press. :mmHg
to check and revise the parameter settings. The ENT Angle : DEG
following are the selected conditions. Dist :m
Config (1).
1. Obs. condition
⑻ Press ENT after setting is completed, the 2. Instr. const
“Setting Mode Screen” is restored. ENT 3. Date & time
4. Comms setup
5. Unit
167
PART 6 CHECKING AND ADJUSTMENT
The instrument has been checked and adjusted strictly in the factory and can meet the quality requirement. But the
long distance transportation and the change of the environment will have great influence on internal structure of the
instrument. So before using, the instrument should be checked and adjusted according the items of this section.
24.1 Plate Vial
·Inspection
Refer to 2. Setting Up the instrument § 4. “Leveling by using the plate level”.
·Adjustment
1. If the bubble of the plate level moves from the center, bring it half way back to the center by adjusting the
leveling screw, which is parallel to the plate level. Correct the remaining half by adjusting the screw of plate level
with adjusting pin.
2. Confirm whether the bubble is in the center by rotating the instrument 180º. If not, repeat Procedure ⑴.
3. Turn the instrument 90ºand adjust the third screw to center the bubble in the plate level.
Repeat inspection and adjustment steps until the bubble remains in center with the plate level in any direction.
24.2 Circular Level

·Inspection
No adjustment is necessary if the bubble of the circular level is in the center after inspection and adjustment of the
plate level.
·Adjustment
If the bubble of the circular level is not in the center, bring the bubble to the center by using the adjusting pin or
hexagon wrench to adjust the bubble adjusting screw. Firstly loosen the screw opposite to the offset side, and then
tighten the other adjusting screw on the offset side, bringing the bubble to the center. After the bubble stays in the
center, keep the tightness of the three screws in uniform.
168
24.3 Inclination of Reticle
·Inspection
1. Aim at object A through the telescope and lock the horizontal and vertical clamp screws.
2. Move object A to the edge of the field of view with the vertical tangent screw (point A′)
3. No adjustment is necessary if object A moves along the vertical line of the reticle and point A′ still in the vertical
line.
As illustrated，Ａ′offsets from the center and the cross hair tilts, then need to adjust the reticle.
·Adjustment
1. First remove the eyepiece cover to expose the four reticle adjusting screws.
2. Loosen the four reticle adjusting screws uniformly with an adjusting pin. Rotate the reticle around the
collimation axis and align the vertical line of the reticle with pointＡ′.
3.Tighten the reticle adjusting screws uniformly，Repeat the inspection and adjustment to see if the adjustment is
correct.
4. Replace the eyepiece cover.
24.4 Perpendicularity of Collimation Line to Horizontal Axis (2c)

Inspection
1. Set object A at a far distance the same height as the instrument, then level and center the instrument and turn on
the power (horizontal angle L=10°13′10″).
2. Aim at object A in left position and read the horizontal angle value (horizontal angle R= 190°13′40″).
3. Loosen the vertical and horizontal clamp screws and rotate the telescope. Aim at object A in right position and
read the horizontal angle value.
169
4.２Ｃ=L-R±180°=-30″≥±２０″, adjustment is necessary.
·Adjustment
A：Adjustment by on-board program：
Operation procedure KEY Display
2007-09-10 10：00：48
⑴ After levelling the machine, power on, press
Type：KTS－440R
CNFG under date/ time screen, as right diagram
No. ：S12926
shows. CNFG
Ver.：07.09.10
Job ：JOB01
MEAS MEM
“２. Instr. 1. Obs. condition

⑵ Press ▼ key to choose“2. Instr. Const.”and press 2. Instr. Const.
Const.”
3. Date& time
ENT key(or press numeric key 2),enter the
+ 4. Comms setup
instrument constant setting screen. 5. Unit
ENT
6. Key function
“3. 1. V0/Axis const.
2. V0/ Adjustment
⑶ press ▼ key to choose “3. collimation”, then collimation”
3. Collimation
press ENT key(or press numeric key3), enter + 4. horizontal axis
collimation error adjustment function. 5. Instr. Const.
ENT
6. Contrast ADJ.
Face left, Collimation

<Step-1> Front
⑷ At positive position (Face left) sight at target, sight at target
ZA 0°21′39″
press OK. + HAR 185°47′57″
OK
OK
Face right Collimation

<Step-2> Reverse
⑸ Rotate telescope. At the reverse position (face and sight at
ZA 179°38′17″
right) sight at the same target precisely, press OK. target HAR 5°50′57″
+
OK
OK
170
1. V0/Axis const.
2. V0/ Adjustment
⑹ After adjustment, it shows “set” on the screen, 3. Collimation
the display returns to Instrument constant menu 4. horizontal axis
screen. 5. Instr. Const.
6. Contrast ADJ.
B：Optical adjustment (Only for professional service technician)

1. Use the tangent screw to adjust the horizontal angle reading,
2. Take off the cover of the reticle between the eyepiece and focusing screw. Adjust the two adjusting screws by
loosening one and tightening the other. Move the reticle to aim at object A exactly.
3. Repeat inspection and adjustment until｜２Ｃ｜＜２０".
4. Replace the cover of reticle.
24.5 Vertical Index Difference Compensation

·Inspection
1. Mount and level the instrument and make the telescope parallel with the line connecting the center of the
instrument to any one of the screws. Lock the horizontal clamp screw.
2. After turning on the power, zero the vertical index. Lock the vertical clamp screw and the instrument should
display the vertical angle value.
3. Rotate the vertical clamp screw slowly in either direction about 10mm in circumference, and the error message
“b” will appear. The vertical axis has been increased to more than 3ˊat this time and exceed the designated
compensation range.
Rotate the above screw to its original position, and the instrument display screen will show the vertical angle again,
meaning that the vertical index difference compensation function is working.
Adjustment
If the compensation function is not working, send the instrument back to the factory for repair.
24.6 Adjustment of Vertical Index Difference ( i angle) and Vertical Angle 0 Datum
Inspect this item after finishing the inspection and adjustment of Item 24.3 and 24.5.
Inspection
1. Power on after leveling the instrument. Aim at object A facing left and read the
Vertical angle value L.
2. Rotate the telescope. Aim at object B facing right and read the Vertical angle value R.
3.If the vertical angle is ０°in zenith,ｉ＝(Ｌ＋Ｒ－３６０°)／２
If the vertical angle is０°in horizon,ｉ＝　(Ｌ＋Ｒ－１８０°)／２or　(Ｌ＋Ｒ－５４０°)/２
4.If｜ｉ｜≥１０″ shall set the Vertical Angle 0 Datum again.
171
·Adjustment
2007-09-10 10：00：48
Type：KTS－440R
⑴After levelling the machine, power on, press
No. ：S12926
CNFG under date/ time screen, as right diagram CNFG
shows. Ver.：07.09.10
Job ：JOB01
MEAS MEM CNFG
“２. Instr. 1. Obs. condition

2. Instr. Const.
Const.”
⑵ Press ▼ key to choose“2. Instr. Const.”and press 3. Date& time
+ 4. Comms setup
ENT key(or press numeric key 2),enter the
5. Unit
ENT
instrument constant setting screen. 6. Key function
“2. V0/ 1. V0/Axis const.

2. V0/ Adjustment
⑶press ▼ key to choose “2.V0/ Adjustment”, then Adjustment”
3. Collimation
press ENT key(or press numeric key2), enter + 4. horizontal axis
collimation error adjustment function. 5. Instr. Const.
ENT
6. Contrast ADJ.
Face left, V0 adjustment
<Step-1> Front
⑷At positive position (Face left) sight at target, sight at target
ZA 0°21′49″
press OK. + HAR 185°47′42″
OK
OK
Face right V0 Adjustment

<Step- 2> Reverse
⑸Rotate telescope. At the reverse position (face and sight at
ZA 179°38′30″
right) sight at the same target precisely, press OK. target HAR 5°50′15″
+
OK
OK
1. V0/Axis const.
2. V0/ Adjustment
⑹ After adjustment, it shows “set” on the screen, 3. Collimation
the display returns to Instrument constant menu 4. horizontal axis
screen. 5. Instr. Const.
6. Contrast ADJ.
４　Repeat the inspection steps to measure the Index Difference (ｉangle). If the Index
Difference can not meet the requirement, you should check whether the three steps of the Adjustment are right, the
sight is right and etc. Then set again according to the requirement.
５　If Index Difference can not still meet the requirement after the repeated operation, the instrument should be
returned to factory for inspection and repair.
172
NOTE: The vertical angles shown in the Vertical Angle 0 Datum are only for reference.
24.7 The adjustment of horizontal axis error correction
As the horizontal axis error only affects the angle of sight line, it can be only confirmed through observing the
target of which height is obviously lower or higher than the instrument.
To avoid the influence of collimation axis error, user must have an associated adjustment before adjusting
collimation axis.
It is unnecessary to collimate the prism or the target plane to decide the horizontal axis error. Therefore user is
enabled to launch this adjustment at any time. Select a recognizable point which is rather far away from the
instrument, and much higher or lower than the instrument, with an aim to precisely collimate the point twice.

⑴ Under Instrument constant setting “4. 1. V0/Axis const.
functions, choose “4. Horizontal axis” and Horizontal
2. V0/ Adjustment
press ENT key (or press numeric key 4), 3. Collimation
axis” 4. horizontal axis
enter horizontal axis error correction menu. 5. Instr. Const.
+
6. Contrast ADJ.
ENT
Face left and Horizontal axis
<Step-1> Front
⑵ The screen shows as right diagram, at the front sight at target
±10°﹤ level﹤ 45°
position (face left) sight at the target + ZA 337°19′00″
HAR 186°42′41″
precisely (The obliquity is among ±10°～ SET
INPUT [00/10] SET
±45°)，press SET 10 times. 10 times
Face right Horizontal axis
<Step-2> Reverse
⑶ Rotate telescope. At the reverse position and sight at
±10°﹤Level﹤ 45°
(face right) sight at the same target precisely, target ZA 202°41′09″
HAR 6°45′38″
press SET 10 times. +
INPUT [10/10] SET
SET
10 times
1. V0/Axis const.
2. V0/ Adjustment
⑷ Setting finished, screen shows “set!”, it 3. Collimation
returns to instrument constant screen. 4. horizontal axis
5. Instr. Const.
6. Contrast ADJ.
173
24.8 Optical Plummet
·Inspection
1. Set the instrument on the tripod and place a piece of white paper with two perpendicular lines, then intersect
drawn on it directly under the instrument.
2. Adjust the focus of the optical plummet and move the paper so that the intersection point of the lines on the
paper comes to the center of the field of view.
3. Adjust the leveling screws so that the center mark of the optical plummet coincides with the intersection point of
the cross on the paper.
4. Rotate the instrument around the vertical axis and at every 90°observe whether the center mark position
coincides with the intersection point of the cross.
5. If the center mark always coincides with intersection point, no adjustment is necessary.
Otherwise, the following adjustment is necessary.
Adjustment
1. Take off the protective cover between the optical plummet eyepiece and focusing knob.
2. Fix the paper. Rotate the instrument and mark the point of fall of the center of optical plummet on the paper at
every 90°. As illustrated: Point A, B, C, D.
3. Draw lines that attach AC and BD and mark the intersection point of the two lines as O.
4. Adjust the four adjusting screws of the optical plummet with an adjusting pin until the center mark coincides
with Point O.
5. Repeat the inspection and adjusting steps to be sure the adjustment is correct.
6. Replace the protective cover.
24.9 Instrument Constant（K）

Instrument constant has been checked and adjusted in the factor, K=0. It seldom changes and it is suggested to
check one or two times every year. The inspection should be made on the base line, also can be made according to
the following method.
Inspection
1. Mount and level the instrument on Point A in a plain place. Use the vertical hair to mark Point B and Point C on
the same line with the distance of 50m on the same line, and set the reflector accurately.
174
2. After setting temperature and air pressure in the instrument, measure the Horizontal Distance of AB and AC
accurately.
3. Set the instrument on Point B and center it accurately, measure the Horizontal Distance of BC accurately.
4. Then you can get the Instrument Constant：
K＝ＡＣ－(ＡＢ＋ＢＣ)
K should be closed to ０，If ｜K｜＞５ｍｍ,　the instrument should be strictly inspected in the standard
baseline site, and adjusted according the inspection value.
Adjustment
If strict inspection approves that the Instrument Constant K has changed and is not closed to 0. If the operator
wants to adjust, should set Stadia Constant according the Constant K.
●Set the direction by using the Vertical Hair to make Point A,B,C on the same line strictly. On Point there must be
fixed and clear centering mark.
●Whether the prism center of Point B coincides with the Instrument Center is the important tache to inspect the
accuracy. So on Point B Tripod or tribrach compatible should be used. That will decrease the difference.
24.10 Parallel Between Collimation line and Emitting Photoelectric Axis
Inspection
1. Set the reflector prism 50m from the instrument.
2. Sight the center of the reflector prism with reticle.
3. Power on and enter Distance Measurement Mode. Press [MEAS] to measure.
175
Rotate the Horizontal Tangent Screw and Vertical Tangent Screw, to do electric collimation and make the light
route of EDM unblocked. In the bight zone find the center of emitting photoelectric axis.
4. Check whether the center of reticle coincides with the center of emitting photoelectric axis. If so, the instrument
is up to grade.
Adjustment
If there is great difference between the center of reticle and the center of emitting photoelectric axis, the instrument
needs repairing.
24.11 Reflectorless EDM

The red laser beam used for measuring without reflector is arranged coaxially with the line of sight of the telescope,
and emerges from the objective port. If the instrument is well adjusted, the red measuring beam will coincide with
the visual line of sight. External influences such as shock or large temperature fluctuations can displace the red
measuring beam relative to the line of sight.
●The direction of the beam should be inspected before precise measurement of distances, because an excessive
deviation of the laser beam from the line of sight can result in imprecise distance measurements
Warning
Looking straight at the laser beam should be always considered as hazardous.
Precautions:
Do not stare at the beam or point it to the other people. Measuring result might also available even the laser pass
through body.
Inspection:
A target plate is provided. Set it up between five and 20 meters away with the grey reflective side facing the
instrument. Move the telescope to face II. Switch on the red laser beam by activating the laser-point function. Use
the reticle to align the instrument with the centre of the target plate, and then inspect the position of the red laser dot
on the target plate. Generally speaking the red spot cannot be seen through the telescope, so look at the target plate
from just above the telescope or from just to the side of the target plate.
If the spot illuminates the cross, the achievable adjustment precision has been reached; if it lies outside the limits of
the cross, the direction of the beam needs to be adjusted.
●If the spot on the more reflective side of the plate is too bright (dazzling), use the white side instead to carry out
the inspection.c
24.12 Tribrach Leveling Screw

If the leveling screw becomes flexible, adjust the two adjusting screws in the leveling screw to tighten the screw
appropriately.
24.13 Related Parts for Reflector

1. The Tribrach and Adapter for Reflector
176
The plate level and optical plummet in the adapter and tribrach should be checked, refer to Chapter 24.1 and 24.7.
2. Perpendicularity of the prism pole

As illustrated, mark ‘+’ on Point C, place the tine of the prism pole on the Point C and do not move
it during the inspection. Place the two feet tine of Bipod on Point E and F on the cross lines. Adjust
the two legs to make the bubble on the prism pole centered.
Set and level the instrument on Point A near the cross. Sight tine of Point C with the center of reticle, and fix the
Horizontal Clamp Screw. Rotate the telescope upward to make D near the horizontal hair. Flex the prism pole Leg
e to make the D in the center of reticle. Then both Point C and D are on the central line of reticle.
Set the instrument on Point B on another cross lines. With the same way flexing the Leg f to make Point C and D
are on the central line of reticle.
Through the inspection by the instrument on Point A and B, Prism pole has been perpendicular. If then the bubble
offset from the center, adjust the three screws under circular vial to make the bubble centered, refer to Chapter 20.2.
Check and adjust again until the bubble is in the center of the vial from both directions.
25. SPECIFICATION
KTS- KTS- KTS- KTS- KTS-

TYPE 440RLC 440RC 440R 442LC 442L
Red visible laser Laser
External Memory Storage SD card SD card SD card
Plummet Laser Plummet Optical Plummet
EDM type Coxial
Minimum display 1mm
Laser facula Non-reflector About 7×14 ㎜ / 20m
(only on KTS-442/5(R) ) With-reflector About 10×20 ㎜ / 50m
Weather correction Manually input, Auto correction
Atmosphere reflection and earth
Manually input, Auto correction
curve correction
Prism constant correction Manually input, Auto correction
Distance unit meter／us.feet/international feet/feet-inch
Digit display Max：99999999.999 m Min 1 mm
Average measuring times The average value of 2- 9 times
Accuracy
Below is only for KTS-442/5(RC) (R)
With reflector
Distance measurement Standard difference of accu. Measuring time
177
Prism fine ±(2ｍｍ＋2ppm·D) ＜1.8s
Prism tracking ±(5ｍｍ＋2ppm·D) ＜0.8s
IR sheet ±(5ｍｍ＋2ppm·D) ＜1.2s
Non-reflector
Non-prism fine ±(5ｍｍ＋2ppm·D) ＜1.2s
Non-prism tracking ±(10ｍｍ＋2ppm·D) ＜0.8s
Below is only for KTS-442/5 (LC) (L)
Prism fine ±(2ｍｍ＋2ppm·D) ＜1.8s
Prism tracking ±(5ｍｍ＋2ppm·D) ＜0.8s
Only for KTS-442/5 Prism fine ±(2ｍｍ＋2ppm·D)
Measuring range
Below is only for KTS-442/5 (RC) (R)
With reflector
Air condition Standard prism Sheet
5km 5000m 300m
20km 8000m 800m
Non-reflector
Air condition Non-prism（white）※ Non-prism grey 0.18
Objective strongly flashes
300m 250m
under sunlight
Cloudy or objective under
350m 300m
shadow
※※ Kodak Grey Card used with exposure meter for reflected light
Below is for KTS-442/5(LC)(L) only
KTS-442(LC)(L) KTS-445(LC) (L)
Max. range 1 prism 4.0 Km 4.0 Km
(good weather) 3 prism 5.0 Km 5.0 Km
Below is for KTS-442/5only
KTS-442 KTS-445
Max. range 1 prism 2.0 Km 2.0 Km
(good weather) 3 prism 2.6 Km 2.3 Km
178
Other parameters
KTS-442 (R)(L) KTS-445 (R)(L)

Angle measurement
Angle measurement type Continuous, absulute
Diameter of disc 79mm
Min. display 1″/ 5″ choosable
Accuracy 2″ 5″
Detection method Horizontal：Dual Vertical：Dual
Telescope
Image Erect
Length of Obj. lens 154mm
Effective aperture Observation：45ｍｍ, measurement：50ｍｍ
Magnification ３０×
View field １°３０′
Min. focusing distance １ｍ
Resolution power 3″
Tilt sensor
System Liquid-electric detection/plate vial
Working range ±3′
Accuracy 6″
Vial
Plate vial 30″／2ｍｍ
Circular vial 8′／2ｍｍ
Optical plummert
Image Erect
Magnification 3×
Focusing range 0.5ｍ～∝
View field 5°
Display part
Type 6 lines
Data communication
Port ＲＳ－２３２Ｃ
On-board battery
Power supply Rechargable Ni-H battery
Voltage DC ６Ｖ
179
Continuously work-time ８Hours
Size and weight
Size 160×150×330mm
weight 5.8 ㎏
26. ERROR DISPLAYS
Error message Error explanation Operation

Calc. Error Error data inputting, can not be calculated Input correct data
Memory is full! There is no more room to enter data. Download the data to computer, and delete
it in memory.
Not found! The required data is not found Confirm that data is existed, and search
again
Out of range The tilt error of instrument exceeds 3′ precisely level the instrument
Circular Error 3 known points on a dangerous circle Select the known point again
Range Error! The direction of known point error. Check the known point again
Error 01-08 Angle measurement system error If these error messages are continuously
showed, send the instrument to KOLIDA
agents.
NOTE: If error still persists after dealing with them, contact KOLIDA or KOLIDA agents.
180
27. ACCESSORIES
● Case １pc
●Main body １set
●On-board battery １pc
●Charger １pc
●Plummet １pc
●Correction pin ２pcs
●Fur brush １pc
●Screwdriver １pc
●Hexagon wrench ２pcs
●Cloth １pc
●desiccant １bag
●Operating manual １pc
●Exequatur １pc
reflector sheet（20×20 ，30×30,40×40,60×60）different size one for each
181
APPENDIX A BIDIRECTIONAL COMMUNICATION
Bidirectional communication command divides into 3 kinds: QP output command, input command, setting
command.
Note: Communication command will be available only in status mode or measurement mode.
1.1 Outputting Commands
Following commands are used in sending data from instrument to computer, relative data format will be sent with
commands, “ ” means space (20H)
·When “Check sum” in “Communication parameters setting” is set to “ON”, there are 2 bytes check sum added in
the output data.
Sending command and outputting data

Output command is send from computer to instrument.
Computer
Instrument Computer
OK
Well-received Data output Computer
Normal data processing

(Check sum Check sum
Send output command
inside)
Bad-received No output
NG
182
· Standard command format
Check sum
The calculation of check sum starts with the first data info and ends the space before the check sum. The result
comes from the summation of hexadecimal ASCII Code of each such separate valid data, the last two significant
figures of the gained sum is check sum.
For example: 1234567 1234567 1234567 A4 CRF
Calculation: 31H + 32H + 33H + 34H + 35H + 36H + 37H + 20H … 20H = 4A4H
When check sum parameter is set “ON”, the check sum “A4” in above example will be output as a part of the data.
1） 13H (angle data request), 11H (slope distance and angle data request)
1999999 1999999 199999 [SUM] CRLF
a b c d
a) Slope distance value
b) Vertical angle value
c) Horizontal angle value
d) Check sum
Note: If there are some errors occured in angle and distance measurement result, “Exxx” will be output in a),
b), c).
·Other command formats

Check sum
The calculation method is same as standard command.
For example：A–KTSxxx, 123456, 4100, 2506, 39CRF
Calculation：41H + 20H + 53H + 45H + 54H … 2CH = 539H
When check sum parameter is set to “ON”, the check sum “39” in above example will be output as a part of the
data.
1） Instrument mark output command (A）

A KTS440, S03456 , 4100[,SUM]e CRLF
a b c d
a) Data identification
b) Instrument name
c) Instrument series number (8 digits)
d) Instrument ROM version (4digits)
2) Instrument parameters output command (B)
B 0， 0， 0， -30， 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0[,SUM]CRLF
a b c d e f g h i j k l m
183
b) Distance unit (0：meter/1：foot)
c) Temperature and pressure unit 0: ℃ and hpa
1: ℃ and mmHg
2: ℃ and inchHg
3: ℉ and hPa
4: ℉ and mmHg
5: ℉ and inchHg
d) Earth curvature and atmospheric refraction correction constant

0: None
1： Correction (K=0.142)
2: Correction (K=0.20)
e) Prism constant (-99 ～ 99mm)
f) Angle unit 0：360 degree
1：400Gon
2：Mil
g) Minimum angle display 0：1″
1：5″
h) Vertical angle display 0：Zenith 0°
1：Horizontal 0°
2：Horizontal 0°±90°
i) Always be “0”
j) Tilt correction 0：None
1：Single axis
k) Always be “0”
l) Coordinates format 0：N，E，Z
1：E, N, Z
m) Always be “0”
3) Instrument station coordinate output command (Da)

Da 1234.567, -1234.567, -9999999.999[,SUM]CRLF
a b c d
a) Data identification code
b) Instrument station point N coordinate value
c) Instrument station point E coordinate value
d) Instrument station point Z coordinate value
4）Distance and angle setting-out data output command（Db）

Db -1234.567, 359.5959[,SUM]CRLF
184
a b c
b) Distance Setting-out value
c) Horizontal angle setting-out value
5) Backsight point coordinate output command (Dd)

Dd -123.567, -1234.567, -1.999[,SUM]CRLF
a b c d
b) Backsight point N coordinate value
c) Backsight point E coordinate value
d) Backsight point Z coordinate value
6）Instrument height, target height, temperature, pressure and ppm output command (De)
De 12.245, 1.500, -20, 1015, -39[,SUM]CRLF
a b c d e f
b) Data identification code
c) Instrument height
d) Target height
e) Temperature
f) Pressure
g) ppm
7）Coordinate setting-out data output command (Df)

Df 1234.567, -12.345, 9.182[,SUM]CRLF
a b c d
b) N coordinate setting-out value
c) E coordinate setting-out value
d) Z coordinate setting-out value
8）Slope distance and angle value output command (Ea)

Ea 0000, 0, 1.500, -199, 999, 89.5959, 359.5959[,SUM]CRLF
a b c d e f g h
b) State data
The first unit indicates distance unit:
0：Meter
185
1：Feet
The second unit indicates angle unit:
0：360 Degree
1：400 Gon
2：Mil
The third unit indicates vertical angle format:
0：Zenith 0°
1：Horizontal 0°
2：Horizontal 0°±90°
The fourth unit indicates horizontal angle format:
0: right angle
1: left angle
a) Always be “0”
b) Target height
c) ppm
d) Height difference value
e) Zenith value (Vertical angle value)
f) Horizontal angle value
9）Horizontal distance and angle value output command (Eb)

Eb 0000, 0, 1.500, -199, 99.999, 89.5959, 359.5959 [,SUM]CRLF
a b c d e f g h
g) Data identification code
h) State data (same as Ea)
i) Always be “0”
j) Target height
k) ppm
l) Height difference value
m) Zenith value (Vertical angle value)
n) Horizontal angle value
10）Height difference and angle date output command (Ec)

Ea 0000, 0, 1.500, -199, 99.999, 89.5959, 359.5959 [,SUM]CRLF
a b c d e f g h
o) Data identification
p) State data (same as Ea)
q) Always be “0”
r) Target height
s) ppm
186
t) Height difference value
u) Zenith value (Vertical angle value)
v) Horizontal angle value
11）Coordinate data output command (Ed)

Ed 0000, 0, 1.500, -199, 123.456, 234.567, 1.234[,SUM]CRLF
a b c d e f g h
b) State data (same as Ea)
c) Always be “0”
d) Target height
e) ppm
f) N coordinate value
g) E coordinate value
h) Z coordinate value
12) Angle and angle of inclination data input command (Ee)

Ee 0000, 0, 1.500, -199, 89.5959, 359.5959, -0.0032, 0.0216[,SUM]CRLF
a b c d e f g h I
c) Always be “0”
d) Target height
e) ppm
f) Zenith value (vertical angle value)
g) Horizontal angle value
h) X angle of inclination
i) Y angle of inclination
13）REM data output command (Ef)

Ef 0000, -299, 45.1234, 25.623[,SUM]CRLF
a b c d e
b) State value(as Ea)
c) ppm
d) Zenith value (vertical angle value)
e) REM data
14）MLM measurement data output command (Eg)

187
Eg 0000, -299, 123.450, 123.456, -1.234[,SUM]CRLF
a b c d e f
c) ppm Slope distance value between two points
d) Horizontal distance value between two points
e) Height difference value between two points
15）Slope distance setting-out data output command (Ga)

Ga 123.456, 999.999[,SUM]CRLF
a b c
b) Slope distance setting-out value
c) Slope distance measured value
16）Horizontal distance setting-out data output command (Gb)

Gb 123.456, 777.777[,SUM]CRLF
a b c
b) Horizontal distance setting-out value
c) Horizontal distance measured value
17）Height difference setting-out data output command (Gc)

Gc 123.456, 666.666[,SUM]CRLF
a b c
b) Height difference setting-out value
c) Height difference measured value
18）Coordinate setting-out data output command (Gd)

Gd -378.902, -248.908, -99.999, -278.902, -149.908, 0.003[,SUM]CRLF
a b c d e f g
b) N coordinate setting-out value
c) E coordinate setting-out value
d) Z coordinate setting-out value
e) N coordinate measured value
f) E coordinate measured value
g) Z coordinate measured value
188
19）REM setting-out data output command (Gf)
Gf -453.903, 0.000[,SUM]CRLF
a b c
b) REM setting-out value
c) REM measured value
1.2 Entering Command

Following commands will be used in receiving data from computer, relative format will be given with commands,
“ ” means space (20H).
·The input angle and distance value will be displayed in unit set.
·When entering angle value, the decimal should be behind integer value of angle.
For example: Angle value 359°59′59″ should be entered as 359.5959.
Computer Instrument Computer
Well-received send 06H (ACK) Received

Send output command
after 0.7 second 06H (ACK)
Send next command

bad-received Send 15H (NAK) Received
After 0.7 second 15H (NAK)
None Not sent

received
· Sending commands and outputting data

After computer sending input command (1) to instrument, instrument sends a receiving state code (ACK/NAK
communication control)
189
1. 06H（ACK）
：Data communicating succeeded, please send the next command.
2. 15H（NAK）
：Data communicating failed, please send the command again.
·Input command format:

1） Instrument parameters setting command ( /B)
/B 0,0,0, 40,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0[,SUM]CRLF
The format is same as input command B.
2） Station coordinate input command ( /Da)

/Da 123.456,-123.456,-999.999[,SUM]CRLF
The format is same as input command Da.
3) Distance and angle setting-out data input command ( /Db)

/Db -123.456, 359.5959[,SUM]CRLF
The format is same as input command Db.
4) Horizontal angle input command ( /Dc)

/Dc 359.5959[,SUM]CRLF
a b
b) Horizontal angle value
5）Backsight coordinate input command ( /Dd)

/Dd 123.456, _123.456, _999.999[,SUM]CRLF
The format is same as input command Dd.
6）Instrument height, target height, temperature, pressure input command ( /De)

/De 12.345, 1.500, -20, 1015[,SUN]CRLF
a b c d e
b) Instrument height
c) Target height
d) Temperature value
e) Air pressure value
7) Coordinate setting-out data input command ( /Df)

/Df 1234.567, _12.34, 9.182[,SUM]CRLF
The format is same as input command Df.
190
8) Coordinate data input commands ( /Dg)
/Dg 123.456, -1234.123, 12.345, 12345678[,SUM]CRLF
a b c d e
b) N coordinate
c) E coordinate
d) Z coordinate
e) Point number
9）Property code input command ( /Dh)

/Dh ABC.DEF, …, XYZ[,SUM]CRLF
a b
b) It is possible to enter 40 pieces of property codes which contains 14 characters length into instrument
memory.
1.3 Set Command

After computer sending input command to instrument, a receiving state code will be send from instrument to
computer. (ACK/NAK communication control)
1. 06H（ACK）
：data communicating succeeded, send next command
2. 15H（NAK）
：data communicating failed, resend command
Note：Please refer to “sending commend and outputting data” section.
·Set command format

Following commands end with CRLF(0DH,0AH) or CR(0DH).
1. Xa: Set distance measurement mode to be fine single measurement.
2. Xb: Set distance measurement mode to be fine repeat measurement.
3. Xc: Set distance measurement mode to be fine N-times measurement.
4. Xe: Set distance measurement mode to be tracking measurement.
5. Xh: Set the horizontal angle to 0
6. Xd: Set the last measured coordinate to occupied coordinate.
7. Xi: Set coordinate bearing angle base on the coordinates of occupied point and backsight point
8. Xk: Set the horizontal angle to right angle (HAR)
9. XL: Set the horizontal angle to left angle (HAL)
10. XO: Change the start point in MLM measurement
11. Xr: Screen backlight on
12. Xs: Screen backlight off
13. Xt: Clear all the coordinate data in memory.
191
14. Xs: Switch off screen illumination.
15. Xt: Clear all coordinates data in memory.
【APPENDIX-B】CALCULATE ROAD ALIGNMENT

The road alignment stake-out program can stake out the alignment elements including straight, arc and transition
curve..
NOTE:
1) Road alignment data can be uploaded from computer or can be entered manually.
2) Road alignment data is managed by chainage.
1.1 ROAD ALIGNMENT ELEMENTS
There are two ways to enter the alignment elements：

1) Download from PC.；
2) Manually input on the KTS440(R)(L) series total station.
How to enter the alignment data is explained below.
Alignment Element Parameter

Straight Bearing, Distance
Transition Curve Radius, Length of Transition
Curve
Arc Radius, Length of Arc
PT N, E, radius, A1, A2
Note：When downloading from computer or selecting PT option, you do not have to calculate the
Parameter.
192
Pt North East Radius Transition curve A1 Transition curve A2
(N) (E) (R)
BP 1100.000 1050.000
IP1 1300.000 1750.000 100.000 80.000 80.000
IP2 1750.000 1400.000 200.000 0.000 0.000
EP 2000.000 1800.000
Example:
To enter the following data select DEF AL of ROADS in PROG menu:
Stake number 0
N 1100.000
E 1050.000
Press [ENT] and then press [F4] (PT), Enter the following data：
N 1300.000
E 1750.000
R 100.000
A1 80.000
A2 80.000
Enter the following data in the above way：

N 1750.000
E 1400.000
R 200.000
A1 0.000
A2 0.000
N 2000.000
E 1800.000
R 0.000
A1 0.000
A2 0.000
The format of the data above transmitted to computer is as follows：

START 0.000，1050.000，1100.000 CRLF
PT 1750.000，1300.000，100.000，80.000，80.000 CRLF
193
PT 1400.000，1750.000，200.000，0.000，0.000 CRLF
PT 1800.000，1800.000，2000.000 CRLF
1.2 CALCULATION OF ROAD ALIGNMENT ELEMENTS
⑴ Calculation of the length of transition curve

2
A1.2
L1.2 = L1.2 : Length of transitional curve
R
A1.2 : parameter of transitional curve
R : radius
2 2 2 2
A1 80 A 80
L1 = R = 100 =64 m L2 = R2 = 100 =64 m
⑵ Calculation of Deflection Angle

2
τ= L
2 A2
2
180
τ = 264
1
⋅
= 0.32 rad
2
⇒ deg ⇒ 0.32
π
=18°20′06″
80
∴ τ = -τ
1 2
⑶ Calculation of coordinate of points on transitional curve:
N = A ⋅ 2τ (1 − τ + τ − τ ....)
2 4 6
10 216 9360
E = A ⋅ 2τ ( − τ + τ − τ ....)
τ 3 5 7
3 42 1320 7560
2 4 6
(0.32) (0.32) (0.32)
N = 80 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 0.32 (1 − + − ....)
10 216 9360
0.01024 0.01048576 0.00107341824
= 64(1 − + − )
10 216 9360
= 64(1 − 0.01024 + 0.00004855 − 0.00000011)
= 64 * 0.98981
= 63.348
Similarly, the value of E is：
194
3 5 7
0.32 (0.32) (0.32) (0.32)
E = 80 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 0.32 ( − + − ....)
3 42 1320 7560
= 64(0.10666667 − 0.00078019 + 0.0000025 − 0)
= 6.777
The example is a symmetrical transitional curve. N1=N2，E1=E2
⑷ calculate vector height ΔR
ΔR = E − R (1 − cosτ )
ΔR = 6.777 − 100(1 − cos18 °20′06″)
= 1.700
In the symmetrical transitional curve Δ R1 = Δ R2
⑸ calculate transitional point coordinate

N m = N − R sin τ =63.348-100sin18°20′06″=31.891
In the symmetrical transitional curve N m1 = N m 2
⑹ Calculation of Tangent Distance

LA
D1 = R tan( 2 ) + Δ R2 cos ec( LA) − Δ R1 cot( LA) + N m1
1 1
LA = + 111°55′47″， cos ec = , cot =
sin tan
D1 = 100 * tan(111°55′47″/ 2) +1.7(1 / sin111°55′47″)

–1.7(1 / tan 111°55′47″) +31.891
=148.06015 + 1.8326 + 0.6844 +31.891
=182.468
D1 = D2
⑺ Calculation of coordinate of point KA1

N KA1 = N IP1 − D1 ⋅ cosα 1
E KA1 = E IP1 − D1 ⋅ sin α 1
Bearing from BP to IP1 ⇒ α 1 = 74°03′16.6″
N KA1 = 1300 –182.468 * cos 74°03′16.6″=1249.872 m
E KA1 = 1750 –182.468 * sin 74°03′16.6″=1574.553 m
⑻ Calculation of Arc Length

L = R ( LA − τ 1 + τ 2)
=R(111°55′47″-2 * 18°20′06″)
195
π
=100( 75°15′35″ o
)
180
=131.353 m
⑼ Calculation of the coordinate KA2

N KA 2 = N IP1 − D2 ⋅ cosα 2
E KA 2 = E IP1 − D2 ⋅ sin α 2
Bearing from IP1 to IP2 ⇒ α 2 = 322°07′30.1″

N KA2 = 1300 –(-182.468) * cos 322°07′30.1″= 1444.032 m
E KA2 = 1750 –(-182.468) * sin 322°07′30.1″= 1637.976 m
⑽ calculate coordinate of feature point BC, EC of Arch length

Arch Length CL = R ⋅ IA
IA= 95°52′11″
So
π
CL=200 * 95°52′11″* o
=334.648 m
180
Tangent length
IA
TL = R ⋅ tan( ) = 200 * tan(95°52′11″/ 2) =221.615 m
2
Calculate coordintes of each points：

N BC = N IP 2 − TL ⋅ cosα 2
E BC = E IP 2 − TL ⋅ sin α 2
N EC = N IP 2 − TL ⋅ cosα 3
E EC = E IP 2 − TL ⋅ sin α 3
Here:
α (bearing from IP1 to IP2) = 322°07′30.1″
2
α (Bearing from IP2 to EP) = 57°59′40.6″

3
N BC = 1750 - 221.615 * cos322°07′30.1″ =1575.068 m

E BC = 1400 - 221.615 * sin322°07′30.1″ =1536.058 m
N EC = 1750 –(-221.615) * cos57°59′40.6″=1867.456 m
E EC = 1400 –(-221.615) * sin57°59′40.6″=1587.929 m
See below the calculation result:
196
The coordinates and the distance are calculated as below：
1） Compute the length of straight line

straight line
BP·KA1= (1249.872 −1100.000) + (1574.553−1050) = 545.543 m

2 2
straight line KA2·BC = (1575.068−1444.032) + (1536.058−1637.976) = 166.005 m

2 2
straight line EC·EP = (2000 −1867.456) + (1800 −1587.929) = 250.084 m

2 2
Start point coordinate (BP)

N 1100.000 m
E 1050.000 m
straight line between BP and KA1
Bearing 74°03′16.6″
Distance 545.543 m
Transitional curve between KA1 and KE1
Radius -100 m (“-”sign is that curve turns left toward the end point)
Length 64 m
Arc between KE1 and KE2
Length 131.354 m
197
Transitional curve between KA2 and KE2
Length 64 m
Straight line between KA2 and BC
Bearing 322°07′30.1″
Distance 166.004 m
Arc between Bc and EC
Radius 200 (no sign means that curve turns left toward the end point)
Length 334.648 m
Straight line between EC and EP
Bearing 57°59′40.6″
Distance 250.084 m
198

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CONTENTS

PART 1 PREPARATION FOR MEASUREMENT……………………………….………18

1. Unpacking and store of the instrument ……………………………………………………………….…..18

PART 2 BASIC MEASUREMENTS …………………………………………………..…….32

PART 3 ADVANCED MEASUREMENT ………………………………………………...54

PART 4 DATA RECORDING ………………………………………………………………...124

PART 5 MEASUREMENT OPTIONS SELECTION……………………………...159

PART 6 CHECKING AND ADJUSTMENT ……………………………………………...168

APPENDIX A BIDIRECTIONAL COMMUNICATION…………………………….182

APPENDIX-B CALCULATE ROAD ALIGNMENT……………………………….…192

2. Secure Digital memory card（SD card）

3. Powerful Memory Management

4. Absolute Encoding Circle

5. Reflector less Distance Measurement

6. Abundant Surveying Programs

The following explain the key sections of the Standard:

·Power ON / OFF Key

Alphabet entry mode ←SFT→ Numeral entry mode

Procedure Operation Display

Measuring Mode Memory Mode Setting Mode

ESC MEAS （Menu mode）

① MEAS mode menu

② REC Mode Menu

2. SETTING THE INSTRUMENT UP

Operation Refer to ”Leveling and Centering the Instrument”

5. Centering by using the optical plummet

3. BATTERY DISMOUNTING, INFORMATION, RECHARGING

PROCEDURE Inserting the battery

·Battery Recharging Caution

·Battery Charging Caution

5. MOUNTING AND DISMOUNTING INSTRUMENT FROM TRIBRACH

6. EYEPIECE ADJUSTMENT AND OBJECT SETTING

·Method of Object Sighting（for reference）

7.1 Power ON/OFF

Type: KTS-440RC After power on, instrument process self-check as

Finding SD card……. Checking the inserted SD card

7.2 Vertical Angle Tilt Correction

OFF X-ON XYON DIGIT

(3) Tilt sensor 2- axis

7.3 Display Illumination

7.4 Setting the Instrument Options

“2. Instr. const：

“3. Contrast adjustment

Power-saving automatic cut-off

Leveling by the tilt angle display

Tilt sensor [XYON]

OFF X-ON XYON GRAPH

·This section explains following procedures:

· Check the following one more time before measurement:

8.1 Measuring the Horizontal Angle Between Two Points（Horizontal Angle 0）

⑵ Press 0SET again, the horizontal angle of the 0SET 5

8.1.1 Example Measuring the Horizontal Angle between Two Points

⑴ Using the horizontal clamp and the horizontal Meas. PC -30

Enter the HAR：30 25 18

When you correct entered data,

8.2.2 Use HOLD to set a required direction value

8.3 Horizontal Angle Display Selection（Right /Left）

8.4 Horizontal Angle Repetition

⑸ Sighting foresight point and press OK, right Repetition