Assam Herbs For Diabetes PDF
Assam Herbs For Diabetes PDF
Assam Herbs For Diabetes PDF
Abstract
The use of Traditional plant in the treatment of diabetes has shown a good interest in the last few decades.
Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the plants having hypoglycemic effect. Different types of herbs
are found in North East region specially in Assam which are traditionally used to cure Diabetes. Some herbs are
proven to help in the regeneration of beta cells, which are main components of insulin synthesis. The eastern
region of India especially Assam, recognized as a high potential area of herbal industrialisation, because of easy
availability of different types of herbs.
INTRODUCTION
Diabetes is a common and very prevalent disease have been also proven to help in the regeneration of
affecting the citizens of both developed and beta cells. To date over 600 traditional plants,
developing countries1. It is characterised by treatments for diabetes have been reported but only a
hyperglycemia that is induced by decreased cellular small number of these have scientific and clinical
glucose uptake. Diabetes mellitus is also called a evaluation to assess their efficacy7,8.
metabolic disorder of multiple etiology characterized More than 80% of Asia’s population (WHO),
by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of medicinal plants are easily accessible, affordable and
carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting culturally appropriate sources of primary health care.
from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or Poor and marginalized, who cannot afford formal
both. It is classified as insulin dependent Diabetes health care systems, are especially dependent on
melitus (Type-I) and insulin independent Diabetis these culturally familiar, technically simple,
melitus (Type-II).First one is due to destruction of financially affordable and generally effective
beta cell in pancreatic islet, which are responsible for traditional medicines. Now a time, there is
insuline synthesis. Due to some abnormalities in widespread interest to promote the traditional health
gluco receptor, appropiate amount of insuline is not care systems to meet primary health care needs. This
uptake by different tissue and caused Type-II is especially true in Asia, coast of modern synthetic
diabetes melitus. There are lots of complication seen medicines are very high and governments find it
in diabetes melitus patients including diabetes increasingly difficult to meet the cost of
retinopathy, sexual dysfunction, weakness etc2,3,4,5,6. pharmaceutical-based health care 9,10. As it is not
North east region specially Assam, is a land of possible to discuss all the plants which are used
different types of herbs. Traditionally, different types traditionally in Assam for Diabetic treatment. Only
of plants are used to cure different types of disease. ten plants are choosen in this paper.
Some herbal alternatives assist prevention of the
secondary complications of the disease. Some herbs
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Antidiabetic effect of traditionally used medicinal value and easy digestion. Different parts of C.
plants: papaya are used in Indian folk medicine to treat
1. Momordica charantia (bitter melon): various diseases such as diarrhea, inflammation and
Momordica charantia is a flowering vine in the diabetes. There is evidence that C. Papaya leaves
family Cucurbitaceae. It is a topical plant that is reduce symptoms of asthma, worming and dysentery.
widely cultivated in Assam, India for its intensly papaya leaf extracts also used as a traditional
bitter fruits that are commonly used in cooking and as remedies for cancer and infectious diseases. Juárez-
a natural remedy for treating diabetes. It is a useful Rojop et al. studied the aqueous extract of Carica
medicinal and vegitable plant for human health and papaya (0.75 g and 1.5 g/100 mL). There are
one of the most promising plants for diabetes. These significantly decreased blood glucose levels (p<0.05)
different compounds may act either separately or in diabetic rats, according to their study. It also
together to exert their medicinal effects. In relation to decreased cholesterol, triacylglycerol and amino-
diabetes, only charantin, insulin-like peptide and transferases blood levels also14.
alkaloid-like extracts possess hypoglycaemic
properties similar to the plant itself or its crude 5. Cannabis sativa Linn:
extracts11. In Assam Cannabis plant is known as Bhang. This
plant produce a unique family of terpeno-phenolic
2. Aegle marmelos (Linn): compounds called cannabinoids, which produce the
Aegle marmelos (Linn) correa, commonly known as "high" one experiences from smoking marijuana. In
bael (or bel), belonging to the family Rutaceae, is a the United States there has been considerable interest
moderatesized, slender and aromatic tree. A number in its use for the treatment of a number of conditions,
of chemical constituents and various therapeutic including glaucoma, AIDS wasting, neuropathic pain,
effects of leaves of Aegle marmelos have been treatment of spasticity associated with multiple
reported by different workers. Broadly, Aegle sclerosis, and chemotherapy-induced nausea. Clinical
marmelos leaves contain alkaloids, trials have shown the efficacy of cannabis as a
Phenylpropanoids, terpenoids and other treatment for cancer and AIDS patient. Tehranipour
miscellaneous compounds whereas potential et al. observed that the ethanolic extract 25, 50mg/kg
pharmacological activity of the leaves are (ip) of Cannabis sativa shows the antidiabetic
hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, activity15.
anticancer, radioprotective, chemopreventive and
anti-oxidative activity.Hema et al. studied the effect 6. Cinnamomum tamala:
of the aqueous, alcoholic extracts of A. marmelos for The leaves of Cinnamomum tamala is used in
the hypoglycaemic and other pharmacological actions preparation of different traditional food item in
and observed that the aqueous and alcoholic extracts Assam as a flavouring material.The leaves are known
at 500 mg/kg dose produce hypoglycaemia in as Tezpat in Assam. Leaves and bark have aromatic,
diabetic fasted rabbits 12. astringent, stimulant and carminative qualities and
used in rheumatism, colic, diarrhoea, nausea and
3. Dillenia indica (Linn): vomiting. Ancient literature has revealed that in the
Dillenia indica plant belongs to family Dilleniaceae, first century A.D., dried leaves and bark of this plant
commonly called Dillenia. The fruit shows laxative were prescribed for fever, anemia. Its seeds were
properties and is used for relieving abdominal pain, crushed and mixed with honey or sugar and
bark and leaves have astringent effect, juice of administered to children for dysentry or cough.
leaves, bark and fruits are mixed and given orally for CTLEt was administered at doses of 125 and 250
the treatment of cancer and diarrhea. Fruits and mg/kg body weight respectively on streptozotocin
leaves extract of D. indica are reported to have induced diabetic rats for 3 weeks. Chakraborty et al.
antioxidant activity, CNS depressant activities ans found that these leaves extract showed the
anti-inflammatory in mice. Traditionally, the plant is hypoglycaemic activity16.
also used for treatment of diabetes. Sunil Kumar et al.
studied that 250 and 500 mg/kg p.o. is the effective 7. Moringa oleifera Linn:
dose which shows antidiabetic activity13. Moringa oleifera belongs to the family of
Moringacaea, a fast growing drought-resistant tree
4. Carrica papaya: native of Sub-Hamalayan tracts of Northern India but
It is an herbaceous plant, member of the small family now distributed worldwide in the tropics and sub
Caricaceae. This plant is widely cultivated for its tropics. The tree’s leaf and seed pod are widely
edible pleasant fruit, which provides good nutritional consumed as food. The bark, leaf and root have
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21,22
Table 1: Distribution of medicinal plants
Assam - 350
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11. Baby Joseph, D Jini D, Antidiabetic effects of 17. Aja PM, Nwafor EJ, Ibiam AU, Orji OU, Ezeani
Momordica charantia (bitter melon) and its N and Nwali BU. Evaluation of Anti-diabetic and
medicinal potency, Asian Pacific Journal of Liver Enzymes Activity of Aqueous Extracts of
Tropical Disease,2013; 3(2): 93-102. Moringa oleifera and Bridelia ferruginea Leaves
12. Narayan P. Yadav, Chanotia CS. in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Albino Rats,
Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile of International Journal of Biochemistry Research &
Leaves of Aegle Marmelos Linn, The pharma Review, 2013; 3(3): 248-258.
review,2009: 144-149. 18. Suneetha B, Sujatha D and and Prasad KVSRG.
13.Sunil Kumar, Vipin Kumar, Om Prakash, Anti diabetic and antioxidant activities of stem
Antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and histopathological juice of musa paradisiaca on alloxan induced
analysis of Dillenia indica (L.) leaves extract on diabetic rats, An International Journal of
alloxan induced diabetic rats,Asian Pacific Advances In Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2010; 1(2):
Journal of Tropical Medicine,2011: 347-352. 168-178.
14.Juarez-Rojop, Hypoglycemic effect of Carica 19.Chauhan PK, Pandey IP and Vinod Kumar
papaya leaves in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Dhatwalia. Evaluation of the Anti-diabetic Effect
rats, BMC Complementary and Alternative of Ethanolic and Methanolic Extracts of Centella
Medicine, 2012;12:236. asiatica Leaves Extract on Alloxan Induced
15.Maryam Tehranipour, Naser Mahdavi Shahri, Diabetic Rats, Advances in Biological Research
Afsane Ekrami. Antidiabetic effect of Cannabis 2010;4 (1): 27-30.
sativa extract in wister rat , International Journal 20.Sutar NG, Sutar UN, Behera BC. Antidiabetic
of Chemical And Pharmaceutical Research, activity of the leaves of Mimosa pudica Linn in
2012; 1(6): 124-130. albino rats , Journal of Herbal Medicine and
16.Usha Chakraborty and Hariswami Das. Toxicology, 2009; 3 (1): 123-126.
Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities Of 21.Medicinal Plants of Assam,State Biodiversity
Cinnamomum tamala Leaf Extracts in Stz- Strategy & Action Plan, Assam 2002.
Treated Diabetic Rats, Global Journal of 22. Dr. K.M.Singh, Scope of Medicinal and Aromatic
Biotechnology & Biochemistry 2010; 5 (1): 12- Plants farming in Eastern India, access from
18. http://ssrn.com/abstract=2019789
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