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    Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes Notes

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    Dionie Wilson Diestro
    This document provides an overview of biological wastewater treatment processes. It describes how organic matter is transformed aerobically by bacteria through oxidation, with oxygen supplied mechanically. It discusses biofilm and activated sludge processes, which use high densities of bacteria attached to media or recycled in suspension, respectively, to rapidly break down organic matter. Both processes require secondary clarification to separate bacterial cells from treated water before discharge or further sludge treatment.

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    Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes Notes

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    Dionie Wilson Diestro
    141 views3 pages
    This document provides an overview of biological wastewater treatment processes. It describes how organic matter is transformed aerobically by bacteria through oxidation, with oxygen supplied mechanically. It discusses biofilm and activated sludge processes, which use high densities of bacteria attached to media or recycled in suspension, respectively, to rapidly break down organic matter. Both processes require secondary clarification to separate bacterial cells from treated water before discharge or further sludge treatment.

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    This document provides an overview of biological wastewater treatment processes. It describes how organic matter is transformed aerobically by bacteria through oxidation, with oxygen supplied mechanically. It discusses biofilm and activated sludge processes, which use high densities of bacteria attached to media or recycled in suspension, respectively, to rapidly break down organic matter. Both processes require secondary clarification to separate bacterial cells from treated water before discharge or further sludge treatment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    141 views3 pages

    Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes Notes

    Uploaded by

    Dionie Wilson Diestro
    This document provides an overview of biological wastewater treatment processes. It describes how organic matter is transformed aerobically by bacteria through oxidation, with oxygen supplied mechanically. It discusses biofilm and activated sludge processes, which use high densities of bacteria attached to media or recycled in suspension, respectively, to rapidly break down organic matter. Both processes require secondary clarification to separate bacterial cells from treated water before discharge or further sludge treatment.

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    of 3

    NOTES FOR CVEN 4830/4434

    BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESSES

    TRANSFORMATION OF ORGANIC MATTER IN SEWAGE:

    AEROBIC PROCESS

    ORGANIC MATTER + OXYGEN  CELLS + MINERAL PRODUCTS*

    *CARBON DIOXIDE, WATER, SOLUBLIZED CELL MINERALS (N, P,…)

    THIS PROCESS OCCURS IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT WITH


    BACTERIA CATALYZING THE OXIDATION OF ORGANIC CARBON AND
    CONSUMING OXYGEN

    2 ISSUES:
    NATURAL DIFFUSION WILL NOT SUPPLY ENOUGH OXYGEN
    NORMAL BACTERIAL GROWTH ON TYPICAL SEWAGE ORGANIC
    MATTER WILL NOT SUSTAIN ENOUGH GROWTH FOR A RAPID
    PROCESS

    SO, IN THE REACTION PART OF A WASTEWATER TREATMENT


    PROCESS WHERE ORGANIC MATTER IS CONVERTED EITHER TO
    CELLS OR HARMLESS MINERAL END-PRODUCTS:
    OXYGEN IS SUPPLIED IN THE TREATMENT UNITS BY
    MECHANICAL AERATION (BLOWERS AND DIFFUSERS OR
    TURBINES
    A HIGH DENSITY BACTERIA POPULATION IS MAINTAINED IN
    THE TREATMENT UNITS EITHER BY GROWING CELLS THAT
    ADHERE TO POROUS INERT MEDIA (ROCK, PLASTIC), BIOFILM
    PROCESSES, OR RECYCLING SUSPENDED CELLS, ACTIVATED
    SLUDGE PROCESSES (INCLUDING MEMBRANE
    BIOREACTORS).
    BOTH BIOFILM AND ACTIVATED SLUDGE REQUIRE SEPARATION OF
    THE CELLS (AND ANY OTHER PARTICULATES) BEFORE DISCHARGE
    INTO A RECEIVING WATER. THIS FINAL SETTLING PROCESS
    OCCURS IN THE SECONDARY CLARIFIER.
    MOST COMMON SEPARATION IS GRAVITY SETTLING
    CAN US MEMBRANE SEPARATION ALSO

    IN BIOFILM PROCESSES, CELLS FROM THE SETTLER ARE PUMPED


    OUT OF THE SETTLER, THICKENED, STABILIZED, DEWATERED AND
    DISPOSED OFF-SITE

    IN ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESSES, A PORTION OF THE SETTLED


    CELLS ARE RECYCLED TO THE REACTION UNIT PROCESS AND A
    PORTION ARE PUMPED OUT, THICKENED, STABILIZED, DEWATERED
    AND DISPOSED OFF-SITE.

    WASTEWATER ALSO CONTAINS PARTICULATE ORGANIC AND


    INORGANIC MATTER.

    LARGE PARTICLES ARE REMOVED BY SCREENS TO PROTECT


    DOWNSTREAM HYDRAULIC EQUIPMENT (PUMPS, MIXERS, ETC).
    SCREENINGS ARE MECHANICALLY DEWATERED AND TAKEN TO A
    LANDFILL.

    SMALLER PARTICLES ARE OFTEN REMOVED IN A GRAVITY


    SETTLING BASIN BEFORE THE WASTEWATER ENTERS THE
    BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT PROCESS UNIT (BIOFILM OR ACTIVATED
    SLUDGE). SMALLER PLANTS MAY NOT HAVE A PRIMARY CLARIFIER,
    BUT LARGER PLANTS, LIKE THE BOULDER WASTEWATER
    TREATMENT PLANT (BWWTP) DO. PRIMARY CLARIFIERS
    TYPICALLY REMOVE APPROXIMATELY 50 – 60% OF THE INFLUENT
    PARTICULATE MATTER. THE SETTLED PRIMARY “SLUDGE” IS
    PUMPED FROM THE BOTTOM OF THE CLARIFIER AND MIXED WITH
    THE BIOMASS REMOVED FROM THE SECONDARY CLARIFIER FOR
    STABILIZATION, DEWATERING, AND OFF-SITE DISPOSAL.
    3

    1 2

    4 5

    BIOLOGICAL PROCESS SEQUENCE SCHEMATIC

    1 = BAR SCREEN
    2 = PRIMARY CLARIFIER
    3 = TRICKLING FILTER (BIOFILM UNIT PROCESS)
    4 = ACTIVATED SLUGDE (SUSPENDED BIOMASS UNIT PROCESS)
    5 = SECONDARY CLARIFIER

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