Jurnal Kesehatan
Jurnal Kesehatan
Jurnal Kesehatan
*Institute of Health Sciences Kuningan, Kuningan, Indonesia, **Bridge of Community Development Foundation,
Bangladesh, ***Linggarjati Public Hospital of Kuningan District, Kuningan, Indonesia
Abstract
Indonesia defined as tourist destination where the international and domestic tourists enjoy the tourist attractions. Prostitution existing in tourism place may
increase the prevalence of HIV/AIDS. The incidence and the spread of AIDS in many areas in West Java become a problem for tourism industry. These issues
become acute in locations where sexual attraction is used as a determinant of tourist portability. The aim of this study was to determine relation between
tourism and the incidence of HIV/AIDS in West Java. Non-reactive research design was used to collect secondary data from the Statistics Indonesia (Badan
Pusat Statistik) in 2016 from 26 districts/cities in West Java. This study was conducted in January - October 2016. This study applied univariate and bivariate
analysis methods with Spearman’s statistical test and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic). Bivariate analysis results showed that the number of star hotels,
visit to accommodation, and average guest per day had p value < 0.05. Results of multivariate analysis showed that accommodation visits had p value < 0.05.
In conclusion, tourism determinants associated with the incidence of HIV/AIDS are the number of star hotels, visits to hotel, and the average guest per day.
Keywords: HIV/AIDS, tourism, hotels
Abstrak
Indonesia sebagai tujuan wisata yang dapat dinikmati oleh wisatawan domestik maupun internasional. Prostitusi yang ada di tempat wisata dapat
meningkatkan prevalensi HIV/AIDS. Kejadian dan penyebaran AIDS di berbagai daerah di Jawa Barat menjadi masalah bagi industri pariwisata.Permasalahan
ini menjadi sangat akut di lokasi dimana daya tarik seksual digunakan sebagai penentu portabilitas wisatawan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui
hubungan determinan pariwisata dengan kejadian HIV/AIDS di Jawa Barat. Desain non reactive research menggunakan data sekunder dari Badan Pusat
Statistik tahun 2016 dengan sampel sebanyak 26 kabupaten/kota di Jawa Barat yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-Oktober 2016. Penelitian ini meng-
gunakan metode analisis univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistik Spearman dan analisis multivariat (regresi linear). Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan
bahwa jumlah hotel berbintang, kunjungan ke akomodasi, dan rata-rata tamu per hari memiliki nilai p < 0.05. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa
kunjungan ke hotel memiliki nilai p < 0.05. Sebagai kesimpulan, determinan pariwisata yang berhubungan dengan kejadian HIV/AIDS yaitu jumlah hotel
berbintang, kunjungan ke hotel dan rata-rata tamu per hari.
Kata kunci: HIV/AIDS, pariwisata, hotel
How to Cite: Heriana C, Rana S, Suparman R, Sukmanawati D. Correspondence: Cecep Heriana, Institute of Health Sciences Kuningan, Lingkar
Determinants of tourism and HIV/ AIDS incidence in West Java. Kesmas: Kadugede Street No. 2 Kuningan, Phone: +62232875847, E-mail: cecepheri-
National Public Health Journal. 2018; 12 (4): 153-158. (doi:10.21109/ [email protected]
Received: December 3rd 2016
kesmas.v12i4.1293) Revised: January 24th 2018
Accepted: February 7th 2018
Copyright @ 2018, Kesmas: National Public Health Journal, p-ISSN: 1907-7505, e-ISSN: 2460-0601, Accreditation Number: 32a/E/KPT/2017, http://journal.fkm.ui.ac.id/kesmas
Kesmas: National Public Health Journal, 2018; 12 (4): 153-158
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Heriana et al, Determinants of Tourism and HIV/ AIDS Incidence in West Java
secondary data, which is the results of Statistics Dependent variable was the incidence of HIV and AIDS
Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik) survey in 2017 con- in West Java Province.
ducted in West Java Province. Data were collected in the
form of secondary data obtained from several related in- Results
stitutions including data of HIV and AIDS cases, the Based on univariate analysis results, the number of
number of hotels, the number of visits to tourist attrac- visits to tourist attractions, accommodations, star hotels
tions, the total of accommodation visits and the average and average visitors per day can be seen. The average vis-
number of visitors per day in districts/cities over West its to tourist attractions in West Java was 1,064,570 vis-
Java Province that were obtained from the records by itors with median 510,471 and deviation standards
Central Bureau of Statistics of West Java Province. Data 1,349,947. The average accommodation visits in West
collected were then processed by using SPPS and ana- Java was 409,004 times per year with median 116,996.50
lyzed. Data analysis was conducted gradually, namely and deviation standard 827,377.752. The average num-
univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. Univariate ber of star hotels in West Java was 8.85 hotels with me-
analysis included frequency distribution of the number dian 3.50 and deviation standard 19.174. The average
of hotels, visits to tourist attractions, accommodation vis- visitors per day in hotels in West Java was 504.08 visitors
its and average visitors per day in districts/cities over every year with median 319 and deviation standard
West Java Province. Bivariate analysis was conducted to 659.281 (Table 1).
determine relation including independent and dependent Bivariate analysis with correlation test obtained that
variables. Statistical test in this analysis used Spearman. accommodation visits, the number of hotels, and average
This analysis would obtain independent variables signif- visitors per day had strong and positive relation with r =
icantly related or not related to dependent variable. 0.069; 0.499; 0.552; and 0.447 respectively. This means
Multivariate analysis was conducted with linear regres- that the more number of visits to tourist attractions, the
sion test consisting of two stages. The first stage was in- more HIV incidence increasing. The more accommoda-
teraction test in aim to exclude variables with p value > tion visits, the more HIV incidence increasing. The more
0.05, then the selection of logistic regression model can- number of hotels, the more HIV incidence increasing.
didates was conducted by including all independent vari- The more average number of visitors per day, the more
ables that met the requirements into the model. HIV incidence increasing. Meanwhile, visits to tourist at-
Insignificant variables were excluded gradually, starting tractions did not have correlation with HIV incidence
from variables with the highest p value, so those vari- (Table 2).
ables would be determined as fit model by considering Based on results of bivariate analysis with Spearman
the best model of two assessments, namely ratio Log like- rank test, there were three variables that met the require-
lihood (p value < 0.05).13 ment to apply multivariate analysis. The requirement to
The location of study was in West Java Province. This involve independent variables in multivariable analysis
study was conducted within 9 months, from January was p value = < 0.25, then variables which met the re-
2015 to October 2015. Population of study was HIV and quirement were the number of hotels, accommodation
AIDS incidence in every district/city in West Java visits, and average visitors per day (Table 2).
Province. Samples in this study were the complete data Furthermore, to determine the dominant variable in-
of HIV and AIDS incidence in district/city in West Java fluential to HIV/AIDS incidence in West Java Province,
Province by taking non-probability sampling using multivariate analysis with linear regression test was then
Exhauting Sampling. Variables in this study consisted of conducted. Linear regression test was done gradually by
independent and dependent variables. Independent vari- backward method until the simplest final model ob-
able consisted of the number of hotels, visits to tourist tained, in which all variables had p-Wald < 0.05, and the
attractions, accommodation visits, and average visitors results of analysis were as presented in Table 3.
per day in district/city over West Java Province. Multivariate analysis was applied to determine the
Notes:
SD = Standard Deviation
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Kesmas: National Public Health Journal, 2018; 12 (4): 153-158
Notes:
SE = Standard Error
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Heriana et al, Determinants of Tourism and HIV/ AIDS Incidence in West Java
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Kesmas: National Public Health Journal, 2018; 12 (4): 153-158
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