9961 N 23121
9961 N 23121
9961 N 23121
7
Bernouilli's eqn (fluid flow in pipe)
In real fluids – 2 types of flow
At any location: pressure -> force
turbulent => pressure+motion -> work
streamline (or =F∆x=PA∆x=PV
+ frictionless -> energy conservation
laminar) flow
In interval ∆t, change in energy:
Here, just consider ideal fluids: (p. 274) = 0 = {W on fluid}+∆KE+∆PE
1. nonviscous (viscosity ≡ resistance to flow) solid object mi=ρV≡m
2. incompressible = +P1V–P2V+mv12/2–mv22/2+mgy1–mgy2
animation = +P1V–P2V+ρVv12/2–ρVv22/2+ρVgy1–ρVgy2
3. steady (in time) motion
4. no turbulence -> rearrange:
P1+ρv12/2+ρgy1 = P2+ρv22/2+ρgy2 (eq. 9.15)
Eqn of continuity –
i.e., P+ρv2/2+ρgy is constant
in ∆t, vol. in=vol .out
over vol. of fluid
=A1∆x1=A1v1∆t
=A2∆x2=A2v2∆t
(demo) Venturi tubes
College Physics W04 Prof. Kinoshita www College Physics W04 Prof. Kinoshita www
9.9 9.9
How high does the liquid rise? Viscosity (read)
• circular tube "internal friction" - behavior under shear stress
F = γ L (from eq.9.18)
but not all γ2πrcosφ=ρgπr2h
Quantified: η coefficient of viscosity
contributions in
same direction (table 9.5)
=> h=2γcosφ/ρgr (eq. 19.21)
Net F is vertical -> Read:
v. component =γ Lcosφ Poiseuille's Law,
2πr Reynolds number