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P i'C 5 1 d & ii *. Tr,e rii'.OD Ciun
r 1LMJ iN l LU 1) Jr UDL1L A IUi>0 N O
1 . I J>
TRA D IT ONS I
OF THE
BY V
REUBEN T. DURRETT
A. B., LL. B., A. M., LL. D.
SUuatratrh
LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY
JOHN P. MORTON & COMPANY
(Incorporated)
Printers to The Filson Club
1908
1588455
COPYRIGHT, 190S,
BY
A L Louisville
Griffin,
an elderly gentleman by the name of
who, though belonging to neither of the
learned professions, had read many books and stored
his excellent memory with much useful information. He
was of Welsh descent, and proud of the long line of Cam-
brians he numbered among his ancestors. I knew him
well, and was fond of talking with him about the many
interesting things that occurred while Louisville was pro-
gressing from a straggling row of log cabins and ponds
along impaved Main Street, between First and Twelfth,
to the mansions of brick and stone along the many paved
streets now occupied by wealth and fashion.
had not gotten into print, and that this country in early
IV Introduction
America.
I then asked him if any of the traditions he had heard
were connected with the Falls of the Ohio, and if they
w ere
T
so related would he much oblige by giving them to
me? He answered that he was not at the Falls of the
Ohio when Louisville was founded, but that he knew some
of the pioneers, such—as— General~CIark;~"Sqtiire' Boone,
James-'Patterr'and 'others whose lives had been prolonged
to his times. These pioneers had intercourse wdth friend-
ly Indians, who frequently visited the Falls for the pur-
pose of trade, and from them the following traditions con-
nected with the Falls were obtained.
On the north side of the river, where Jeffersonville
now stands, some skeletons were exhumed in early times
t
-
(
'
ERRATUM.
In the eleventh and twelfth lines from the top, on the fourth
page of the Introduction, strike out the following words and names—
times the forest along the river on both sides of the Falls
of the Ohio between the Red Indians and the White In-
dians, as the Welsh Indians were called. It has been a
long time ago since this battle was fought, but it w as
r
HUTCHINS*
FALLS
OF
THE
OHIO
IN
1766
Introduction vii
land, and were then the victims of' fraud. When David
and Llewellyn, the last princes chosen by the people,
were gotten rid of by the foulest of means and the prince-
dom of Wales without an acceptable sovereign, King Ed-
ward had an act of Parliament passed attaching Wales
to England. But when he came to the appointing of
ing the Welsh after the Romans, the Saxons, the Jutes,
life.
•• -
:
. .
.
xii Introduction
and claims that here was the first continent begun. There
is no tradition in the facts of this, and none in the con-
,vf- -
LAG—-™ - T , —
ST. ASAPH CATHEDRAL
Introduction XV
i he i tklmcian Tradition 7
PAGE
Speech of the Emperor Montezuma "T 135
Selections from the Gentleman 's Magazine 137
Unbelievers in the Madoc Tradition 143
Lord Littleton on the Madoc Tradition 144
William Robertson on the Madoc Tradition 14S
List of the Members of The Filson Club 151
Brief Catalogue of Filson Club Publications 1C3
Index 173
ILLUSTRATIONS
OPPOSITE PAGE
Likeness of Colonel R. T. Durrett Frontispiece
OPPOSITE PAGE
NORTH AMERICA
THE FIRST FORMED AND FIRST INHABITED
OF THE CONTINENTS
W HEN
was a
that a
Kentucky was a part
tradition widespread
name
Virginia
Madoc
planted a colony of his countrymen in America about
the year 1170. This colony w as
r
believed to have been
located for some time at the Falls of the Ohio, where,
after it grew strong and became offensive to the more
numerous aborigines, it was attacked by overwhelming
numbers and nearly all the members slaughtered. Some
remnants who escaped the tomahawk and scalping-knife
were scattered among the different tribes, and absorbed
by them. In this way, a race known as Welsh Indians
came into existence in different parts of the country,
and kept alive the tradition until a comparatively recent
of the Ohio.
.
4 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
ward the great island and all its inhabitants were sub-
-• "
-
.
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 5
was sunk in the sea; so that from the date of that catas-
trophe to our times about twelve thousand years have
elapsed. This was time sufficient to have so changed
'
6 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
l '-
1
.
MOLD VILLAGE
HARLECH CASTLE
IO Traditions of the Earliest Americans
the most sweet and pleasant part of all the rest; for
cient reason why Hoei Schin might not have made the
population.
,
20 Traditions of the Earliest America)is
4>
as follows:
.?
'V' •
....
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 21
ple there, and returning back for more of his own nation,
the same in both Hakluit and Powell and the facts sub-
sword. The battle had not lasted long, but Howel was
slain; and then David was unanimously proclaimed and
saluted Prince of North Wales, which principality he en-
'
24 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
DENBIGH VILLAGE
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 25
.
26 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
•
. v ..
v - .
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 27
Madoc expedition, does not mention it, and but for the
- .V-.
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 29
his people there and returned for more. But where this
’ ’
'
_
32 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
LLANGOLLEN VILLAGE
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 33
they had only stated why they were called Doegs, they
might have furnished a key to unlock the mystery of their
origin ;
for the taking of names is an important act among
Indians, and never occurs without a meaning. It has
been suggested that the Delawares were meant by the
Doegs, but this takes us no nearer to Madoc. Different
ward w ith T
several ships and a great number of his sub-
-
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 35
-
36 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
.
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 37
'
3S Traditions of the Earliest Americans
River, who talked Welsh (as he was told, for he did not
understand them) and our interpreter Joseph saw some
Indians whom he supposed to be of the same Tribe, who
talked Welsh, for he told us some of the words they said,
which he knew to be Welsh, as he had been acquainted
with some Welsh people.”
Following the preceding extract in the book of Mr.
Williams is a lengthy account of a minister of the gos-
pel who was captured by the Indians in Virginia and
condemned to death. Just before he was to be execu-
ted —whether by fire or some other torture is not stated
'
40 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
—he fell upon his knees and prayed aloud in the Welsh
language. His executioners understood his words, had
his death sentence set aside, and restored him to liberty.
in the Mosaic law; that from some old men among them
he had heard the following Traditions: That of old time
their people were divided by a river, and one part tar-
.- ... -
'
PASS OF LLANEER'sS
rying behind, that they knew not for certainty how they
first came to this continent, but account for their coming
into these parts, near where they are now settled. That
a King of their nation where they formerly lived far to
the west, left his Kingdom to his two sons that the one
son making war upon the other, the latter thereupon de-
termined to depart and seek some new Habitation; that
accordingly he set out accompanied by a number of his
people, and that after wandering to and fro for the space
'
;
,r
42 Traditions of the Earliest Aniericaus
:
, ....
f
Traditions of the Eartiest Americans 43
I
44 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
the fea of the weft and there they fettled. Lywarc, the
fon of Lywelyn, feems to have compofed two of his poems
in the time between the firft and the fecond of the two
voyages of Madoc. One of thefe pieces muft be confid-
..
46 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
'
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 47
’
4s Traditions of the Earliest Americans
.
5° Traditions of the Earliest Americans
J.
_
'
- - -
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 5 *
arated from the rest of the party the White Indian had
come upon a panther and wounded it. The infuriated
of the civil war between the sons of the king for the sue-
'
52 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
.
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 53
be a fact.
'
54 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
tongue
— ‘Is that thy language?’ I answered him in
r iVV’’
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 55
were and that they had come from a far distant country,
very far in the east and from over the great waters. I
'
j <
1
'
FALL OF THE OGWEN
i
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 57
-
58 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
'
W '
*z:„ ..'s,.
# 1 .
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 59
.
6o Traditions of the Earliest Americaiis
formed them that they had not been sent by any nation;
that they were actuated merely by private curiosity;
that they had no hostile intentions; that it was their
The only account they could give was that their fore-
“Dear Sir:
Mr. McIntosh, who first settled near this and had been
for fifty or sixty years prior to his death, in 1831 or 2
-
64 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
RHAIADYR DU CATARACT
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 65
.
66 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
who stated that they had seen and talked with Indians
in different localities who spoke the ancient British or
-
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 67
ing tribes.
- -
, : \ '[ bus
6S Traditions of the Earliest Americans
other destroyers.
It is therefore well known to us that whole tribes
have perished and left only a name behind. That the
Madocs were one of these extinguished tribes we have
some Indian traditions in evidence. An old Indian told
tucky, and that the last great battle between them was
fought at the Falls of the Ohio, where the light-colored
Indians were driven upon Sand Island as the last hope
< ! esca]x?, and there all were slaughtered by their pur-
suers. It was the opinion of George Catlin, who spent
years among the Indians and a good part of the time
among the Mandans, that these Mandans were direct
descendants from the Madoc colony. He reached this
conclusion after living with this tribe and studying their
habits and learning their traditions. With this opinion
of Catlin and what was said by the old Indian to Colonel
M'*>re and the statements of the many witnesses hereto-
mrc mentioned in this article, all of whom had seen Welsh
Indians in America and talked with them in the Welsh
language, it would hardly seem just to doubt the truth
' '
-
.
Traditions of the Earliest A mericans 69
country.
The principal pre-Columbian discoveries of America
have now been presented, and not one of them found
America uninhabited. MadoC*; the Welsh prince, in his
text.
.
7° Traditions of the EarTest Americans
etc. They will tell you what geological age a thing be-
:
72 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
-
FLINT CASTLE
Traditions of the Eartiest Americans 73
..... ...
76 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
be immenfe.”
Mr. Jefferson gave the best reason he could for his
belief that the first inhabitants went from America to
Asia instead of coming from Asia to America. Since his
time, however, scientific research, in its wonderful prog-
ress, has developed other reasons for the truth of this
theory. Scientists have exhvmed, in America, the skele-
tons of past geological ages and the remains of dead
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 77
tinent.
'
•
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 79
'
80 Traditions of the Earliest Americans
the glacial drift might be cited, .but the above three are
enough to show that he was in America as early as he
was in the eastern hemisphere and perhaps earlier, and
that America did not need immigrants from the east or
from any other terrestrial source to begin her population.
dark red color. The woman was above the average size
put together that when placed upon the head the quilled
ends would bind the head while the feathered ends would
expand like an umbrella and make a showy head-dress;
hundreds of seeds of a dark color strung together iike
as to their age.
lived and died and laid down his bones in the western
world before he died and laid them down in the eastern
• •
Traditions of the Earliest Americans 8 7- W
genealogical enthusiasts who would trace their descent
from Adam, but such extravagance can hardly eradicate
the sentiment. They are proud to look back to the hum-
ble beginning of barbarian man upon this continent, and
to follow his progress through incalculable ages to the
'
.
APPENDIX
APPENDIX
i
dogs, that their friends were all dead, and that they did
not wish to live,” that they here wielded their weapons as
desperately as they could, to excite the fury of their enemy,
and that they were thus cut to pieces and destroyed.
The accounts given by two or three white men, who
were amongst the Mandans during the ravages of this
most appalling and actually too heart-
frightful disease, are
rending and disgusting to be recorded. The disease was
introduced into the country by the Fur Company’s steam-
er from St. Louis; which had two or three of their crew
sick with the disease when it approached the upper Mis-
souri, and imprudently stopped to trade at the Mandan
village, which was on the banks of the river, where the
chiefs and others were allowed to come on board, by which
means the disease got ashore.
I am constrained to believe that the gentlemen in
charge of the steamer did not believe it to be the small-
pox; for if they had known it to be such, I cannot
conceive of such imprudence as regarded their own
interests in the country, as well as the fate of these
poor people, by allowing their boat to advance into
the country under such circumstances.
It seems that the Mandans were surrounded by sev-
eral war-parties of their most powerful enemies, the Sioux,
at that unlucky time, and they could not therefore dis-
perse upon the plains, by which many of them could have
been saved; and they were necessarily inclosed within the
piquets of their villages, where the disease in a few days
became so very malignant that death ensued in a few
hours after its attacks; and so slight were their hopes
when they were attacked, that nearly half of them de-
stroyed themselves with their knives, with their guns,
AppendLg 93
'
94 Appendix
'
RHUDDLAN CASTLE
Appendix 97
ii
’
Appendix 99
recent date there must have been three times the num-
ber that were living when I was amongst them. Near
the mouth of the big Shienne river, two hundred miles
below their last location, I found still more ancient re-
mains, and in as many between
as six or seven other places
that and the mouth and each one, as I vis-
of the Ohio,
ited them, appearing more and more ancient, convincing
me that these people, wherever they might have come
from, have gradually made their moves up the banks of
the Missouri, to the place where T visited them.
For the most part of this distance, they have been
in the heart of the great Sioux country, and being looked
upon by the Sioux as trespassers, have been continually
warred upon by this numerous tribe, who have endeav-
ored to extinguish them, as they have been endeavoring
to do ever since our first acquaintance with them; but
who being always fortified by a strong piquet or stock-
ade, have successfully withstood the assaults of their en-
emies, and preserved the remnant of their tribe. Through
this sort of gauntlet they have run, in passing through
the countries of these warlike and hostile tribes.
It may be objected to this, perhaps, that the Ricca-
rees and the Minatarees build their wigwams in the same
way, but this proves nothing for the Minatarees are Crows,
from the northwest; and by their own showing fled to
.
.
Appendix IOI
'
. ... - ... •
-
.
L
- -
'
Appendix 103
This secret not only one that the Traders did not
is
'
.
104 Appendix
in
children, —
there is not one old man in Greece. You
have no traditions, and know of but one deluge,
whereas there have been many destructions of mankind,
both by flood, and fire. Egypt alone has escaped
them, and in Egypt alone is ancient history recorded;
you are ignorant of your own past. For long before
'
.... .
ENTRANCE TO BEAUMARIS CASTLE
1
.
Appendix 105
.
io6 Appendix
.
io8 Appendix
IV
later evidence have been made from time to time for the
last two hundred years. Even so cautious and judicial a
critic as Humboldt says in allusion to it: “I do not share
the scorn with which national traditions are too often
treated and am of the opinion that with more research
the discovery of facts, entirely unknown, would throw
much light on many historical problems.”
Certainly we are not to forget the distinction between a
tradition and an invention; it is impossible to establish
the one, and, as a lie can never be made the truth, it is
'
: .
:
.
Appendix 109
..
I
no Appendix
.
Appendix 1 1
'
.
I 12 Appendix
The Rev. Mr. Jones declares that in the year 1660, twen-
ty-five years before the date of the letter, he was sent'
as chaplain of an expedition from Virginia to Port Royal,
South Carolina, where he remained eight months. Suffer-
ing much from want of food, he and five others at the
end of that time started to return to Virginia by land.
On the way they were taken prisoners by an Indian tribe,
the Tuscaroras, and condemned to die. On hearing this
sentence, Mr. Jones, being much dejected, exclaimed, in
the British {i. e. Welsh) tongue,“Have I escaped so
many dangers, and must I now be knocked on the head
Immediately he was seized around the waist
’
like a dog ? ’
'
'•
'
'
'
HAWARDEN CASTLE
Appendix ”3
v
THE ISLAND OF ATLANTIS AND THE ABORIGINES
OF AMERICA
[Bancroft's Native Races, Volume 5, Pages 125-132]
'
.
;
:
"
V- -1
1
14 Appendix
. .
/ ... -Ai-jH '
.
V'. . •:
Appoidix ”5
(V
•
\r: ...
- .’ ’•/£ ”
'
1 16 Appendix
vi
.
u8 Appendix
’
Appendix 1
19
Your Honour’s
Moft Obedient Humble Servant
(Signed) George Chrochan.
VII
POWIS CASTLE
Appendix 12 I
as it is to me
ignominious and degrading, so it is a mat-
ter of glory and triumph to you. I had men and arms,
!
horses and riches; where is the wonder if I was unwilling
j
to part with them? If you Romans aim at extending
I
.
:
122 Appendix
VIII
..
Appendix [ 23
IX
•
.
'
Appendix 125
fons, one of the latter, named Madoc, put to sea for new
difcoveries; and sailing weft from Spain, he difcovered a
new world of wonderful beauty and fertility. But finding
this uninhabited, upon his return, he carried thither a
great number of people from Wales. To this delightful
country he made three voyages, according to Hakluyt.
The places he difcovered feem to be Virginia,’ New Eng-
land, and the adjacent countries. In confirmation of
this, Peter Martyr fays, that the natives of Virginia and
Guatimala, celebrated the memory of one Madoc, as a
great and ancient hero; and hence it came to pafs, that
modem travelers have found feveral old Britifh words
among the inhabitants of North America. The fame
author mentions the words Matoc-Zunga and Mat- Inga,
as being in ufe among the Guatimallians, in which there
is a plain allufion to Madoc, and that with the d softened
•J
vsi
126 Appendix
x
THE WELSH A MARITIME PEOPLE
[From The Inquiry, etc.. Pages 59-62]
. ....
.
'
'
Appendix 127
.
CAERNARVON CASTLE
Appendix 1
29
XI
XII
.
Appendix 1 3
'
'
132 Appendix
XIII
Mr. Jones alfo fays that about the Year 1750, his
father and family went to Penfylvania, where he met
with feveral Perfons whom he knew in Wales; one in par-
ticular, with whom he had been intimate. This perfon
had formerly lived in Penfylvania, but then lived in North
Carolina. Upon his return to Penfylvania, the following
year, met a fecond
to fettle his affairs they fate. Mr.
Jones’ friend told him that he was then very fure there
were Welfh Indians; and gave for reafon, that his Houfe,
in North Carolina, was fituated on the great Indian Road
to Charleftown, where he often lodged parties of them.
In one of thefe parties, an Indian hearing the family
fpeaking Welch began to jump and caper as if he had
been out of his fences. Being afked what was the matter
with him, he replied, “ I know an Indian Nation who
fpeak that language, and have learnt a little of it my-
felf, by living among them”; and when examined, he was
,
..
Appendix *33
XIV
'
V
Appendix !
35
xv
THE SPEECH OF MONTEZUMA TO HIS PEOPLE
...
136 Appeudix
natural defcent from a people the moft renowned upon
earth for liberty and valour, becaufe of all nations they
were, as our firft parents told us, the only unfubdued
people upon the earth, by that warlike nation, whofe tyr-
anny and ambition affumed the conqueft of the world;
but neverthelefs, our great fore-fathers checked their am-
bition and fixed limits to their conquefts, altho’ but the
inhabitants of a fmall ifland, and but few in number, com-
pared to the ravagers of the earth, who attempted in vain
to conquer our great, glorious and free forefathers, &c.”
The author of the above account told me, that he had
feen Montezuma’s fpeech, in a Spanifh manuscript, in
the year 1748, when he arrived at Mexico, and that moft
probably, it is ftill extant.
I would here juft obferve that as the ancient Romans
were the Conquerors alluded to, we may naturally fufpect
that Julius Caefar’s attempt on Britain, was rath'er un-
fuccefsful, or at least not fo brilliant as he cautioufly en-
deavors to reprefent it.
The above fpirited fpeech plainly fhows that the Mex-
icans in 1520 looked upon themfelves as the defcendants
of Freemen and Heroes, the only unfubdued people upon
Earth, who fet limits to the Roman conqueft though
only the inhabitants of a fmall ifland in the north, and in
comparifon, few in number; and who taught them prin-
ciples, which did honour to human nature, probably the
-principles of Chriftianity, which though miferably dis-
figured in 1170, yet were greatly fuperior to thofe of an
enlightened favage people.
The above defcription remarkably and exactly anfwers
to the Character, Manners and Principles of the Ancient
Britons.
.
LLANRWST CHURCH
Appendix *37
XVI
.
Appendix 141
[Lady Frazer’s Papers in Gentleman's Magazine Quoted in Burder's Welch Indians, Page 5]
[Englished]
“ Madoc ap Owen was I call’d,
Strong, and comely, not enthrall’d
tall,
XVII
'
144 Appendix
on the subject.
We are alfo told that the beft and faireft copy of thefe
was written by Gutryn Owen in the days of Edward the
Fourth, and tranflated into Englifh by the Humphrey
Lluyd before-mentioned, who flourifhed in the reign of
King Henry the Eighth, and continued the hiftory to
the death of Prince Llewelyn ap Gruffyth in the year
1282. But, this gentleman having been prevented by
death from publifhing his work, it was not fent to the
prefs the year 1584, when Dr. Powell publifhed it,
till
.
146 Appendix
‘
Appendix 14 7
page 371.)
'
•
••• " - ; '
• •
,
148 Appendix
'
Appendix 149
Tv
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*
5° Appendix
migration; a period so short, that in the course of it we
can not well suppose that all European ideas and arts
would be Lord Littleton, in his notes
totally forgotten.
to the fifthbook of his History of Henry II, page 371,
has examined what Powell relates concerning the discov-
eries made by Madoc, and invalidates the truth of his
story by other arguments of great weight. (Robertson’s
History of North and South America, London edition,
i 8 34, page 241.)
LIST OF MEMBERS
Of The Filson Club, 1908.
Baugh, C. R London.
Blanton, Reverend L. H. .
Danville.
'
152 List of Members
i
List of Members i53
.
154 List of Members
.
List of Members i55
'
156 List of Members
Mercer, S. C Hopkinsville.
.
List of Me inters i57
rTC'T/wr R.
u> r n.rr „ f Ballard & Ballard Mills 1
Thrlston, C. Ballard... ,
Louisville.
.
-
i6o List of Members
..
,
List of Members i
to date.
1. John Filson, the first historian of Kentucky. An
account of his life and writings, principally from original
sources, prepared for The Filson Club and read at its
second meeting in Louisville, June 26, 1884, by Reuben
T. Durrett, A. B., LL. B., A. M., LL. D., President of
the Club. Illustrated with a likeness of Filson, a fac-
simile of one of his letters, and a photo-lithographic re-
production of his map of Kentucky printed at Philadelphia
in 1784. 4to, 132 pages. John P. Morton & Company,
Printers, Louisville, Kentucky. 1884.
2. The Wilderness Road: A description of the
routes of travel by which the pioneers and early settlers
first came to Kentucky. Prepared for The Filson Club
by Captain Thn-mnc Speed, Secretary of the Club. Illus-
trated with a map showing the routes of travel. 4 to, 75
pages. John P. Morton & Company, Printers, Louisville,
Kentucky. 1886.
3. The Pioneer Press of Kentucky, from the print-
ing of the first paper west of the Alleghanies, August 11,
"
List of Filsou Club Publications 165
'
List of Filson Club Publications 167
: • — ‘
;
?.
List of Filson Club Publications 169
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5f
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170 List of Filsou Club Publications
• •
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List of Fitson Club Publications 171 — 71
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x‘:
,fT-. v>r >,0-
;
i/4 Index
PAGE
Bowles, a Cherokee chief, on the Welsh Indians 130
Bourbois River, Missouri, yielded the skeleton of a mastodon of
the Tertiary age SO
Bryant & Gav’s Popular History on the Welsh Indians 45
Brasseur de Bourbourg on the Island of Atlantis 113
Burial of a widow’s two sons S5
Burder, George, on the Welsh tradition 42
Catlin lived for years among the Mandans and believed them
to be the Welsh Indians 44
Catlin, George, on the Welsh Indians 44
Calaveras County-, California, yielded a human skull in auriferous
gravel of the Tertiary age 80
Caractaeus — his speech before Emperor Claudius 120
Caernarvon Castle x
Chinese claim of a visit to America in 499 12
Civil war between the sons of Prince Gwynedd 23
Civilization and whisky destroyed many Indians 67
Clark, George Rogers, tells about curious house near Kaskaskia . . 49
Croghan, Colonel George, — his letter to Governor Dinwiddie about
the Welsh Indians 117
JL
.
Index 175
PAGE
Falls of Ohio in state of nature xi
asleep 51
Filson’s kind notices of Indians 52
Filson, John, with eminent Kentucky pioneers 47
Filson, John, in meeting of Kentucky pioneers to learn about
Madoc tradition 4S
Frazer, Lady, her opinion of the Columbian discovery 141
Fusang, the name given America by the Chinese 12
broken nose 23
••
'
•
Index 1 77
PAGE
Man’s love for the ancient 86
Man might have been placed first in America as well as in Asia .... 84
Mandan derived from Madawgwys 101
Mandans destroyed by smallpox in 1S3S 90
McIntosh hears Welshman talk with Indians 63
Moore tells of battle of Sand Island, in which the White Indians
perished 50
Morgan Jones’ opinion of the Welsh Indians 132
Montezuma’s speech to his people when dethroned by Cortez ... 135
Mound Builders equal to the Atlantians 9
Mound Builders antedated the Red Indians 77
Mound Builders, The 83
Mounds of Louisville 51
'
'
I
i/S Index
PAGE
Roberts, Lieutenant Joseph, gives account of a Welsh Indian
he met in Washington 54
Robertson, the historian, on the Madoc tradition 14S
Rough catalogue of Filson Club publications 163-171
I
)'•
began 71
Skeletons in Welsh armor found at the Falls suggest doubt 64
Skinner, Doctor, consoled Filson by suggesting his hearers were
spellbound instead of being asleep 52
Sutton. Beniamin, tells what he learned whi 1
e among the Welsh'
Indians 3S
Smallpox among the Indians very fatal 67
Smallpox —cause of its virulence and fatality among Indians .... 92
Smith, Captain John, first published the Madoc tradition in
America 29
Stuart, Captain Isaac, tells what he learned about the Welsh
Indians while living with them as a prisoner and when at
liberty 35
St. Asaph x
Sutton further tells of Jewish customs among the Indians 40
I
1
i
Index 1 79
PAGE
Unbelievers in the Madoc tradition 143
“Universal History” on the Madoc tradition 124