Environmental Impact Assessment Assessment and Environmental Audit
Environmental Impact Assessment Assessment and Environmental Audit
Environmental Impact Assessment Assessment and Environmental Audit
Unit -III
Syllabus
• Introduction to Environmental Impact
Assessment and Environmental Audit.
„Environmental Impact Assessment‟
Introduction
• „Environmental Impact Assessment‟ (EIA)
can be defined as the systematic
identification and evaluation of the potential
impacts (effects) of proposed projects, plans,
program or legislative action of the physical,
chemical, biological, cultural, and socio-
economic components of the total
environment.
NEPA Process
(National Environmental Policy Act)
Introduction
• The primary purpose of the EIA process, also called
NEPA Process (National Environmental Policy Act) is
to encourage the consideration of the environment in
planning and decision making so as to ultimately arrive
at actions which are environment friendly.
• EIA is a planning tool which helps planners in
predicting future impacts of different development
activities.
• EIA provides information about adverse environment
effects, predicts, the overall risks arising from any
activity, helps in identifying areas where risks can
possibly be reduced.
Need of EIA
Need of EIA
• Environment is composed of Biotic & Abiotic
components. There is a dynamic equilibrium between
these components. When a project is undertaken it
tends to disturb these components. To maintain the
quality of environment it is essential that the
perspective impacts of the project on natural
environment are studied on time and remedial
measures be taken so as to promote sustainable and
holistic development of the project. This is done
through EIA.
Need of EIA
• For Example, a forest ecosystem is a complete
ecosystem which provides food, shelter to a
wide variety of species. It provides firewood,
resins, timber, medicinal herbs, etc.. to us.
Therefore forests are our lifeline. Whenever a
project is undertaken which demands clearing
of the forest like construction of road or a dam,
then EIA helps us to access the impact of that
activity on this life line. It also suggests alternate
project sites and alternate process technologies.
Need of EIA
Ideal EIA System
Internet Websites
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