Annexure-86
Annexure-86
Annexure-86
SYSTEM
1
Course Structure(Physics-Major)
Details of courses under B.Sc. (Honors)
Course *Credits
Theory+ Practical Theory + Tutorial
===============================================================
I. Core Course
(14 Papers) 14X4= 56 14X5=70
Core Course Practical / Tutorial*
(14 Papers) 14X2=28 14X1=14
II. Elective Course
(8 Papers)
A.1. Discipline Specific Elective 4X4=16 4X5=20
(4 Papers)
A.2. Discipline Specific Elective
Practical/Tutorial* 4 X 2=8 4X1=4
(4 Papers)
B.1. Generic Elective/
Interdisciplinary 4X4=16 4X5=20
(4 Papers)
B.2. Generic Elective
Practical/ Tutorial* 4 X 2=8 4X1=4
(4 Papers)
2
PROPOSED SCHEME FOR CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM IN
B. Sc. Honours (Physics)
3
SEMESTER COURSE OPTED COURSE NAME Credits
I Ability Enhancement Compulsory English/MIL communications/ 2
Course-I Environmental Science
Core course-I Mathematical Physics-I 4
Core Course-I Practical/Tutorial Mathematical Physics-I Lab 2
Core course-II Mechanics 4
Core Course-II Practical/Tutorial Mechanics Lab 2
Generic Elective -1 GE-1 4/5
Generic Elective -1Practical/Tutorial 2/1
II Ability Enhancement Compulsory English/MIL communications/ 2
Course-II Environmental Science
Core course-III Electricity and Magnetism 4
Core Course-III Practical/Tutorial Electricity and Magnetism Lab 2
Core course-IV Waves and Optics 4
Core Course-IV Practical/Tutorial Waves and Optics Lab 2
Generic Elective -2 GE-2 4/5
Generic Elective -2Practical/Tutorial 2/1
III Core course-V Mathematical Physics-II 4
Core Course-V Practical/Tutorial Mathematical Physics-II Lab 2
Core course-VI Thermal Physics 4
Core Course-VI Practical/Tutorial Thermal Physics Lab 2
Core course-VII Digital Systems and Applications 4
Core Course-VII Practical/Tutorial Digital Systems & Applications Lab 2
Skill Enhancement Course -1 SEC-1 2
Generic Elective -3 GE-3 4/5
Generic Elective -3 Practical/Tutorial 2/1
Core course-VIII Mathematical Physics III 4
IV Course-VIII Practical/Tutorial Mathematical Physics-IIILab 2
Core course-IX Elements of Modern Physics 4
Course-IX Practical/Tutorial Elements of Modern Physics Lab 2
Core course-X Analog Systems and Applications 4
Course- X Practical/Tutorial Analog Systems & Applications Lab 2
Skill Enhancement Course -2 SEC -2 2
Generic Elective -4 GE-4 4/5
Generic Elective -4 Practical 2/1
V Core course-XI Quantum Mechanics & Applications 4
Core Course-XI Practical/Tutorial Quantum Mechanics Lab 2
Core course-XII Solid State Physics 4
Core Course-XII Practical/Tutorial Solid State Physics Lab 2
Discipline Specific Elective -1 DSE-1 4
Discipline Specific Elective -1 DSE-1 Lab 2
Practical/Tutorial
Discipline Specific Elective -2 DSE-2 4
4
Discipline Specific Elective- 2 DSE-2 Lab 2
Practical/Tutorial
VI Core course-XIII Electro-magnetic Theory 4
Core Course-XIII Practical/Tutorial Electro-magnetic Theory Lab 2
Core course-XIV Statistical Mechanics 4
Core Course-XIV Practical/Tutorial Statistical Mechanics Lab 2
Discipline Specific Elective -3 DSE-3 4
Discipline Specific Elective -3 DSE-3 Lab 2
Practical/Tutorial
Discipline Specific Elective-4 DSE-4 4
Discipline Specific Elective -4 DSE-4 Lab 2
Practical/Tutorial
Total 140
Credits
5
5. Physics of Devices and Communication (4) + Lab (4)
6. Astronomy and Astrophysics (5) + Tutorial (1)
7. Atmospheric Physics (4) + Lab (4)
8. Biological physics (5) + Tutorial (1)
Even Semester:
9. Advanced Mathematical Physics-II (5) + Tutorial (1)
10. Communication System (4) + Lab (1)
11. Applied Dynamics (4) + Lab (4)
12. Verilog and FPGA based system design (4) + Lab (4)
13. Classical Dynamics (5) + Tutorial (1)
14. Digital Signal processing (4 ) + Lab (4)
15. Nano Materials and Applications(4) + Lab (4)
16. Physics of the Earth (5) + Tutorial (1)
17. Medical Physics (4) + Lab (4)
18. Dissertation
6
Generic Elective Papers (GE) (Minor-Physics) (any four- one from each group)
for other Departments/Disciplines: (Credit: 06 each)
1st Semester
1. Electricity and Magnetism (4) + Lab (4)
2. Mathematical Physics(4) + Lab (4)
3. Digital, Analog and Instrumentation(4) + Lab (4)
4. Applied Dynamics (4) + Lab (4)
5. Medical Physics (4) + Lab (4)
2nd semester
6. Mechanics (4) + Lab (4)
7. Elements of Modern Physics (4) + Lab (4)
8. Solid State Physics (4) + Lab (4)
9. Embedded System: Introduction to microcontroller(4) + Lab (4)
10. Biological physics (5) + Tutorials (1)
3rd Semester
11. Waves and Optics (4) + Lab (4)
12. Quantum Mechanics (4) + Lab (4)
13. Communication System (4) + Lab (4)
14. Verilog and FPGA based system design (4) + Lab (4)
15. Nano Materials and Applications(4) + Lab (4)
4th semester
16. Thermal Physics (4) + Lab (4)
17. Digital Signal processing (4 ) + Lab (4)
18. Nuclear and Particle Physics (5) + Tut (1)
19. Astronomy and Astrophysics (5) + Tutorials (1)
20. Atmospheric Physics (4) + Lab (4)
21. Physics of the Earth (5) + Tutorials (1)
7
CORE COURSE (HONOURS IN PHYSICS)
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Semester I
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Calculus:
Plotting of functions. Approximation: Taylor and binomial series (statements only). First
Order Differential. Equations exact and inexact differential equations and Integrating
Factor. (6 Lectures)
Vector Algebra: Properties of vectors. Scalar product and vector product, Scalar triple
product and their interpretation in terms of area and volume respectively. Scalar and
Vector fields. (6 Lectures)
Vector Calculus:
Vector Differentiation: Directional derivatives and normal derivative. Gradient of a
scalar field and its geometrical interpretation. Divergence and curl of a vector field. Del
and Laplacian operators. Vector identities. (10 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Mathematical Methods for Physicists, G.B.Arfken, H.J.Weber, F.E.Harris,2013, 7th
Edn., Elsevier.
8
An introduction to ordinary differential equations, E.A. Coddington, 2009, PHI learning
Differential Equations, George F. Simmons, 2007, McGraw Hill.
Advanced Engineering Mathematics, D.G. Zill and W.S.Wright, 5 Ed., 2012, Jones
and Bartlett Learning
Mathematical Physics, Goswami, 1st edition, Cengage Learning
Engineering Mathematics, S.Pal and S.C. Bhunia, 2015, Oxford University Press
Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Erwin Kreyszig, 2008, Wiley India.
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9
language given list of numbers and its location in the list, sorting
of numbers in ascending descending order, Binary
search,
Random number generation Area of circle, area of square, volume of sphere, value
of pi
Solution of Algebraic and Solution of linear and quadratic equation, solving
Transcendental equations by 2
sin
Bisection, Newton Raphson tan ; I I 0 in optics,
and Secant methods
Interpolation by Newton Evaluation of trigonometric functions e.g. sin, cos,
Gregory Forward and tan etc
Backward difference formula,
Error estimation of linear
interpolation
= + − ; = −
3
for four initial conditions
x(0) = 0, y(0) = -1, -2, -3, -4.
Plot x vs y for each of the four initial conditions
on the same screen for 0 t 15
The differential equation describing the motion of
a pendulum is = − sin( ). The pendulum is
released from rest at an angular displacement , i.
e. (0) = (0) = 0. Solve the equation
for = 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 and plot as a function of
time in the range 0 t 8. Also plot the analytic
solution valid for small (sin( ) =
Referred Books:
10
Introduction to Numerical Analysis, S.S. Sastry, 5 th Edn., 2012, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Schaum's Outline of Programming with C++. J.Hubbard, 2 0 00 , McGraw‐Hill Pub.
Numerical Recipes in C++: The Art of Scientific Computing, W.H. Press et.al., 2 nd
Edn., 2013, Cambridge University Press.
An introduction to Numerical methods in C++, Brian H. Flowers, 2009, Oxford
University Press.
A first course in Numerical Methods, U.M. Ascher & C. Greif, 2012, PHI Learning.
Elementary Numerical Analysis, K.E. Atkinson,3 r d E d n. , 2 0 0 7 , Wiley India Edition.
Computational Physics, Darren Walker, 1 st Edn., 2015, Scientific International Pvt. Ltd.
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Work and Energy: Work and Kinetic Energy Theorem. Conservative and non-
conservative forces. Potential Energy. Energy diagram. Stable and unstable equilibrium.
Elastic potential energy. Force as gradient of potential energy. Work & Potential energy.
Work done by non-conservative forces. Law of conservation of Energy. (5 Lectures)
Collisions: Elastic and inelastic collisions between particles. Centre of Mass and
Laboratory frames. (4 Lectures)
Central force Motion: Motion of a particle under a central force field. Two-body
problem and its reduction to one-body problem and its solution. The energy equation and
energy diagram. Kepler’s Laws. Satellite in circular orbit & applications. (6 Lectures)
11
Oscillations: Review of SHM (Simple Harmonic Oscillations. Differential equation of
SHM and its solution. Kinetic energy, potential energy, total energy and their time-
average values). Damped oscillation. Forced oscillations: Transient and steady states;
Resonance, sharpness of resonance; power dissipation and Quality Factor. (7 Lectures)
Reference Books:
An introduction to mechanics, D. Kleppner, R.J. Kolenkow, 1973, McGraw-Hill.
Mechanics, Berkeley Physics, vol.1, C. Kittel, W. Knight, et.al. 2007, Tata McGraw-Hill.
Physics, Resnick, Halliday and Walker 8/e. 2008, Wiley.
Analytical Mechanics, G.R. Fowles and G.L. Cassiday. 2005, Cengage Learning.
Feynman Lectures, Vol.I, R.P.Feynman, R.B.Leighton, M.Sands, 2008, Pearson Education
Mechanics, D.S. Mathur, S.Chand and Company Limited, 2000
University Physics. F.W Sears, M.W Zemansky, H.D Young 13/e, 1986, Addison Wesley
Physics for scientists and Engineers with Modern Phys., J.W.Jewett, R.A.Serway,
2010,Cengage Learning
Theoretical Mechanics, M.R. Spiegel, 2006, Tata McGraw Hill.
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12
10. To determine the value of g using Kater’s Pendulum.
Reference Books
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B. L. Flint and H.T. Worsnop, 1971, Asia
Publishing House
Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, 4th Edition,
reprinted 1985, Heinemann Educational Publishers
Engineering Practical Physics, S.Panigrahi & B.Mallick,2015, Cengage Learning
India Pvt. Ltd.
Practical Physics, G.L. Squires, 2015, 4th Edition, Cambridge University Press.
A Text Book of Practical Physics, I.Prakash & Ramakrishna, 11th Edn, 2011,Kitab Mahal
Semester II
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PHYSICS-C III: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
(Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)
Theory: 60 Lectures
Magnetic Field: Magnetic force between current elements and definition of Magnetic
FieldB. Biot-Savart’s Law and its simple applications: straight wire and circular loop.
Current Loop as a Magnetic Dipole and its Dipole Moment (Analogy with Electric
Dipole).Ampere’s Circuital Law and its application to (1) Solenoid and (2) Toroid.
Properties of B: curl and divergence. Vector Potential. Magnetic Force on (1) point
charge (2) current carrying wire (3) between current elements. Torque on a current loop
in a uniform Magnetic Field. (9 Lectures)
13
Magnetic Properties of Matter: Magnetization vector (M). Magnetic Intensity(H).
Magnetic Susceptibility and permeability. Relation between B, H, M. Ferromagnetism.
B-H curve and hysteresis. (4 Lectures)
Electromagnetic Induction: Faraday’s Law. Lenz’s Law. Self Inductance and Mutual
Inductance. Reciprocity Theorem. Energy stored in a Magnetic Field. Introduction to
Maxwell’s Equations. Charge Conservation and Displacement current. (6 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Electricity, Magnetism & Electromagnetic Theory, S.Mahajan and Choudhury,
2012, Tata McGraw
Electricity and Magnetism, Edward M. Purcell, 1986 McGraw-Hill Education
Introduction to Electrodynamics, D.J. Griffiths, 3rd Edn., 1998, Benjamin Cummings.
Feynman Lectures Vol.2, R.P.Feynman, R.B.Leighton, M.Sands, 2008, Pearson Education
Electricity and Magnetism, J.H.Fewkes & J.Yarwood. Vol.I, 1991, Oxford Univ. Press.
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14
11. Measurement of charge sensitivity, current sensitivity and CDR of Ballistic
Galvanometer
12. Determine a high resistance by leakage method using Ballistic Galvanometer.
13. To determine self-inductance of a coil by Rayleigh’s method.
14. To determine the mutual inductance of two coils by Absolute method.
Reference Books
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L. Flint and H.T. Worsnop, 1971, Asia
Publishing House
A Text Book of Practical Physics, I.Prakash &Ramakrishna, 11th Ed., 2011,Kitab Mahal
Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, 4th Edition,
reprinted 1985, Heinemann Educational Publishers
Engineering Practical Physics, S.Panigrahi and B.Mallick, 2015, Cengage Learning.
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Wave Motion: Plane and Spherical Waves. Longitudinal and Transverse Waves. Plane
Progressive (Travelling) Waves. Wave Equation. Particle and Wave Velocities. Pressure
of a Longitudinal Wave. Energy Transport. Intensity of Wave. (4 Lectures)
Wave Optics: Electromagnetic nature of light. Definition and properties of wave front.
Huygens Principle. Temporal and Spatial Coherence. (4 Lectures)
Diffraction:
Fraunhofer diffraction: Single slit. Rectangular and Circular aperture, Resolving Power
of a telescope. Double slit. Multiple slits. Diffraction grating. Resolving power of
grating. (10 Lectures)
Reference Books
Waves: Berkeley Physics Course, vol. 3, Francis Crawford, 2007, Tata McGraw-Hill.
Fundamentals of Optics, F.A. Jenkins and H.E. White, 1981, McGraw-Hill
Principles of Optics, Max Born and Emil Wolf, 7th Edn., 1999, Pergamon Press.
Optics, Ajoy Ghatak, 2008, Tata McGraw Hill
The Physics of Vibrations and Waves, H. J. Pain, 2013, John Wiley and Sons.
The Physics of Waves and Oscillations, N.K. Bajaj, 1998, Tata McGraw Hill.
Fundamental of Optics, A. Kumar, H.R. Gulati and D.R. Khanna, 2011, R. Chand
Publications
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Reference Books
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L. Flint and H.T. Worsnop, 1971, Asia
Publishing House
A Text Book of Practical Physics, I.Prakash & Ramakrishna, 11th Ed., 2011,Kitab Mahal
Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, 4th Edition,
reprinted 1985, Heinemann Educational Publishers
A Laboratory Manual of Physics for undergraduate classes, D.P.Khandelwal,1985, Vani Pub.
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Semester III
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Fourier Series: Periodic functions. Orthogonality of sine and cosine functions, Dirichlet
Conditions (Statement only). Expansion of periodic functions in a series of sine and
cosine functions and determination of Fourier coefficients. Even and odd functions and
their Fourier expansions. Application. Summing of Infinite Series. Term-by-Term
differentiation and integration of Fourier Series. Parseval Identity. (16 Lectures)
Frobenius Method and Special Functions: Singular Points of Second Order Linear
Differential Equations and their importance. Frobenius method and its applications to
differential equations. Legendre, Bessel, Hermite and Laguerre Differential Equations.
Properties of Legendre Polynomials: Rodrigues Formula, Generating Function,
Orthogonality. Simple recurrence relations.Expansion of function in a series of Legendre
Polynomials. Bessel Functions of the First Kind: Generating Function, simple recurrence
relations. Zeros of Bessel Functions (Jo(x) and J1(x)) and Orthogonality. (24 Lectures)
Some Special Integrals: Beta and Gamma Functions and Relation between them.
Expression of Integrals in terms of Gamma Functions. (4 Lectures)
17
Solution of wave equation for vibrational modes of a stretched string, rectangular and
circular membranes. (15 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Mathematical Methods for Physicists: Arfken, Weber, 2005, Harris, Elsevier.
Fourier Analysis by M.R. Spiegel, 2004, Tata McGraw-Hill.
Mathematics for Physicists, Susan M. Lea, 2004, Thomson Brooks/Cole.
Differential Equations, George F. Simmons, 2006, Tata McGraw-Hill.
Engineering Mathematics, S.Pal and S.C. Bhunia, 2015, Oxford University Press
Mathematical methods for Scientists & Engineers, D.A.McQuarrie, 2003, Viva Books
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18
matrices, Inverse of a matrix, Solution of coupled spring mass systems (3 masses)
Eigen vectors, eigen-values
problems
Generation of Special functions Generating and plotting Legendre Polynomials
using User defined functions in Generating and plotting Bessel function
Scilab
Solution of ODE First order differential equation:
Radioactive decay
First order Differential equation Current in RC, LC circuits with DC source
Euler, modified Euler and Runge- Newton’s law of cooling
Kutta (RK) second and Fourth Classical equations of motion
order methods
Second order Differential Equation:
Second order differential equation Harmonic oscillator (no friction)
Fixed difference method Damped Harmonic oscillator
o Overdamped
o Critical damped
o Oscillatory
Forced Harmonic oscillator
o Transient and
o Steady state solution
Apply above to LCR circuits also
Solve − 4 (1 + ) + 2(1 + ) =
with the boundary conditions at
1 3
= 1, = , = − − 0.5,
2 2
in the range 1 ≤ ≤ 3 . Plot y and against x in the
given range on the same graph.
Reference Books:
Mathematical Methods for Physics and Engineers, K.F Riley, M.P. Hobson and S. J.
Bence, 3rd ed., 2006, Cambridge University Press
Complex Variables, A.S. Fokas & M.J. Ablowitz, 8th Ed., 2011, Cambridge Univ. Press
Computational Physics, D.Walker, 1 st Edn., 2015, Scientific International Pvt. Ltd.
A Guide to MATLAB, B.R. Hunt, R.L. Lipsman, J.M. Rosenberg, 2014, 3rd Edn.,
Cambridge University Press
Getting started with Matlab, Rudra Pratap, 2010, Oxford University Press.
Simulation of ODE/PDE Models with MATLAB®, OCTAVE and SCILAB: Scientific
and Engineering Applications: A.V. Wouwer, P. Saucez, C.V. Fernández. 2014 Springer
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19
PHYSICS-C VI: THERMAL PHYSICS
(Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)
Theory: 60 Lectures
(Include related problems for each topic)
Introduction to Thermodynamics
Zeroth and First Law of Thermodynamics: Extensive and intensive Thermodynamic
Variables, Thermodynamic Equilibrium, Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics & Concept of
Temperature, Concept of Work & Heat, State Functions, First Law of Thermodynamics
and its differential form, Internal Energy, First Law & various processes, Applications of
First Law: General Relation between CP and CV, Work Done during Isothermal and
Adiabatic Processes, Compressibility and Expansion Co-efficient. (8 Lectures)
Molecular Collisions: Mean Free Path. Collision Probability. Estimation of Mean Free
20
Path. Transport Phenomenon in Ideal Gases: (1) Viscosity, (2) Thermal Conductivity
and (3) Diffusion. Brownian Motion and its Significance. (4 Lectures)
Real Gases:Behavior of Real Gases: Deviations from the Ideal Gas Equation. Andrew’s
Experiments on CO2 Gas. Virial Equation. Critical Constants. Continuity of Liquid and
Gaseous State. Vapour and Gas. Boyle Temperature. van der Waal’s Equation of State
for Real Gases. Values of Critical Constants. Law of Corresponding States. Comparison
with Experimental Curves. p-V Diagrams. Free Adiabatic Expansion of a Perfect Gas.
Joule-Thomson Porous Plug Experiment. Joule-Thomson Effect for Real and van der
Waal Gases. Temperature of Inversion. Joule-Thomson Cooling. (10 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Heat and Thermodynamics, M.W. Zemansky, Richard Dittman, 1981, McGraw-Hill.
A Treatise on Heat, Meghnad Saha, and B.N.Srivastava, 1958, Indian Press
Thermal Physics, S. Garg, R. Bansal and Ghosh, 2nd Edition, 1993, Tata McGraw-Hill
Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory & Statistical Thermodynamics, Sears & Salinger.
1988, Narosa.
Thermal Physics, A. Kumar and S.P. Taneja, 2014, R. Chand Publications.
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Reference Books
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B. L. Flint and H.T.Worsnop, 1971, Asia
Publishing House
A Text Book of Practical Physics, I.Prakash & Ramakrishna, 11th Ed., 2011,Kitab Mahal
Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, 4th Edition,
reprinted 1985, Heinemann Educational Publishers
A Laboratory Manual of Physics for undergraduate classes, D.P.Khandelwal,1985,
Vani Pub.
21
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Introduction to CRO: Block Diagram of CRO. Electron Gun, Deflection System and
Time Base. Deflection Sensitivity. Applications of CRO: (1) Study of Waveform, (2)
Measurement of Voltage, Current, Frequency, and Phase Difference. (3 Lectures)
Digital Circuits: Difference between Analog and Digital Circuits. Binary Numbers.
Decimal to Binary and Binary to Decimal Conversion. BCD, Octal and Hexadecimal
numbers. AND, OR and NOT Gates (realization using Diodes and Transistor). NAND
and NOR Gates as Universal Gates. XOR and XNOR Gates and application as Parity
Checkers. (6 Lectures)
Arithmetic Circuits: Binary Addition. Binary Subtraction using 2's Complement. Half
and Full Adders. Half & Full Subtractors, 4-bit binary Adder/Subtractor. (5 Lectures)
Sequential Circuits: SR, D, and JK Flip-Flops. Clocked (Level and Edge Triggered)
Flip-Flops. Preset and Clear operations. Race-around conditions in JK Flip-Flop. M/S JK
Flip-Flop. (6 Lectures)
Timers: IC 555: block diagram and applications: Astable multivibrator and Monostable
multivibrator. (3 Lectures)
22
Computer Organization: Input/Output Devices. Data storage (idea of RAM and ROM).
Computer memory. Memory organization and addressing. Memory Interfacing. Memory
Map. (6 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Digital Principles and Applications, A.P.Malvino, D.P. Leach and Saha, 7 th Ed.,
2011, Tata McGraw
Fundamentals of Digital Circuits, Anand Kumar, 2nd Edn, 2009, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Digital Circuits and systems, Venugopal, 2011, Tata McGraw Hill.
Digital Electronics G K Kharate ,2010, Oxford University Press
Logic circuit design, Shimon P. Vingron, 2012, Springer.
Digital Electronics, Subrata Ghoshal, 2012, Cengage Learning.
Digital Electronics, S.K. Mandal, 2010, 1 st edition, McGraw Hill
Microprocessor Architecture Programming & applications with 8085, 2002, R.S.
Goankar, Prentice Hall.
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23
10. To design a monostable multivibrator of given specifications using 555 Timer.
Reference Books:
Modern Digital Electronics, R.P. Jain, 4th Edition, 2010, Tata McGraw Hill.
Basic Electronics: A text lab manual, P.B. Zbar, A.P. Malvino, M.A. Miller, 1994,
Mc-Graw Hill.
Microprocessor Architecture Programming and applications with 8085, R.S.
Goankar, 2002, Prentice Hall.
Microprocessor 8085:Architecture, Programming and interfacing, A.Wadhwa, 2010,
PHI Learning.
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Semester IV
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24
Integrals. (30 Lectures)
Integrals Transforms:
Fourier Transforms: Fourier Integral theorem. Fourier Transform. Examples. Fourier
transform of trigonometric, Gaussian, finite wave train and other functions.
Representation of Dirac delta function as a Fourier Integral. Fourier transform of
derivatives, Inverse Fourier transform, Convolution theorem. Properties of Fourier
transforms (translation, change of scale, complex conjugation, etc.). One dimensional
Wave Equations, Dirac delta function, definition and properties. (15 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Mathematical Methods for Physics and Engineers, K.F Riley, M.P. Hobson and S. J.
Bence, 3rd ed., 2006, Cambridge University Press
Mathematics for Physicists, P.Dennery and A.Krzywicki, 1967, Dover Publications
Complex Variables, A.S.Fokas & M.J.Ablowitz, 8th Ed., 2011, Cambridge Univ. Press
Complex Variables, A.K. Kapoor, 2014, Cambridge Univ. Press
Complex Variables and Applications, J.W.Brown & R.V.Churchill, 7 th Ed. 2003,
Tata McGraw-Hill
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3. Fourier Series:
Program to sum ∑ (0.2)
Evaluate the Fourier coefficients of a given periodic function (square wave)
25
4. Frobenius method and Special functions:
∫ ( μ) (μ) μ = ,
Plot ( ), ( )
Show recursion relation
Reference Books:
Mathematical Methods for Physics and Engineers, K.F Riley, M.P. Hobson and S. J.
Bence, 3rd ed., 2006, Cambridge University Press
Mathematics for Physicists, P. Dennery and A. Krzywicki, 1967, Dover Publications
Simulation of ODE/PDE Models with MATLAB®, OCTAVE and SCILAB:
Scientific and Engineering Applications: A. Vande Wouwer, P. Saucez, C. V.
Fernández. 2014 Springer ISBN: 978-3319067896
A Guide to MATLAB, B.R. Hunt, R.L. Lipsman, J.M. Rosenberg, 2014, 3rd Edn.,
Cambridge University Press
Getting started with Matlab, Rudra Pratap, 2010, Oxford University Press.
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26
Two slit interference experiment with photons, atoms and particles; linear superposition
principle as a consequence; Matter waves and wave amplitude; Schrodinger equation for
non-relativistic particles; Momentum and Energy operators; stationary states; physical
interpretation of a wave function, probabilities and normalization; Probability and
probability current densities in one dimension. (10 Lectures)
Size and structure of atomic nucleus and its relation with atomic weight; Impossibility of
an electron being in the nucleus as a consequence of the uncertainty principle. Nature of
nuclear force, NZ graph, Liquid Drop model: semi-empirical mass formula and binding
energy. (6 Lectures)
Radioactivity: stability of the nucleus; Law of radioactive decay; Mean life and half-life;
Alpha decay; Beta decay- energy released, spectrum and Pauli's prediction of neutrino;
Gamma ray emission, energy-momentum conservation: electron-positron pair creation
by gamma photons in the vicinity of a nucleus. (8 Lectures)
Fission and fusion- mass deficit, relativity and generation of energy; Fission- nature of
fragments and emission of neutrons. Fusion and thermonuclear reactions driving stellar
energy (brief qualitative discussions). (3 Lectures)
Lasers: Metastable states. Spontaneous and Stimulated emissions. Optical Pumping and
Population Inversion. Basic lasing. (4 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Concepts of Modern Physics, Arthur Beiser, 2002, McGraw-Hill.
Introduction to Modern Physics, Rich Meyer, Kennard, Coop, 2002, Tata McGraw Hill
Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, David J. Griffith, 2005, Pearson Education.
Physics for scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, Jewett and Serway, 2010,
Cengage Learning.
Modern Physics, G.Kaur and G.R. Pickrell, 2014, McGraw Hill
Theory and Problems of Modern Physics, Schaum`s outline, R. Gautreau and W.
Savin, 2 nd Edn, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.
Quantum Physics, Berkeley Physics, Vol.4. E.H.Wichman, 1971, Tata McGraw-Hill Co.
Six Ideas that Shaped Physics:Particle Behave like Waves, T.A.Moore,2003, McGraw Hill
27
3. To determine work function of material of filament of directly heated vacuum
diode.
4. To determine the Planck’s constant using LEDs of at least 4 different colours.
5. To determine the wavelength of H-alpha emission line of Hydrogen atom.
6. To determine the ionization potential of mercury.
7. To determine the absorption lines in the rotational spectrum of Iodine vapour.
8. To determine the value of e/m by (a) Magnetic focusing or (b) Bar magnet.
9. To setup the Millikan oil drop apparatus and determine the charge of an electron.
10. To show the tunneling effect in tunnel diode using I-V characteristics.
11. To determine the wavelength of laser source using diffraction of single slit.
12. To determine the wavelength of laser source using diffraction of double slits.
13. To determine angular spread of He-Ne laser using plane diffraction grating
Reference Books
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L. Flint and H.T.Worsnop, 1971, Asia
Publishing House
Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, 4th Edition,
reprinted 1985, Heinemann Educational Publishers
A Text Book of Practical Physics, I.Prakash & Ramakrishna, 11th Edn, 2011,Kitab Mahal
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28
Amplifiers: Transistor Biasing and Stabilization Circuits. Fixed Bias and Voltage
Divider Bias. Transistor as 2-port Network.h-parameter Equivalent Circuit. Analysis of a
single-stage CE amplifier using Hybrid Model. Input and Output Impedance. Current,
Voltage and Power Gains. Classification of Class A, B & C Amplifiers. (10 Lectures)
Coupled Amplifier: Two stage RC-coupled amplifier and its frequency response.
(4 Lectures)
Applications of Op-Amps: (1) Inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, (2) Adder, (3)
Subtractor, (4) Differentiator, (5) Integrator, (6) Log amplifier, (7) Comparator and Zero
crossing detector (8) Wein bridge oscillator. (9 Lectures)
Conversion: D/A Resistive networks (Weighted and R-2R Ladder). Accuracy and
Resolution. (3 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Integrated Electronics, J. Millman and C.C. Halkias, 1991, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
Electronics: Fundamentals and Applications, J.D. Ryder, 2004, Prentice Hall.
Solid State Electronic Devices, B.G.Streetman & S.K.Banerjee, 6th Edn.,2009, PHI Learning
Electronic Devices & circuits, S.Salivahanan & N.S.Kumar, 3rd Ed., 2012, Tata Mc-Graw Hill
OP-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuit, R. A. Gayakwad, 4 th edition, 2000, Prentice Hall
Microelectronic circuits, A.S. Sedra, K.C. Smith, A.N. Chandorkar, 2014, 6th Edn., Oxford
University Press.
Semiconductor Devices: Physics and Technology, S.M. Sze, 2 nd Ed., 2002, Wiley India
Microelectronic Circuits, M.H. Rashid, 2nd Edition, Cengage Learning
Microelectronic Devices & Circuits, David A.Bell, 5th Edn.,2015, Oxford University Press
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29
2. Study of V-I & power curves of solar cells, and find maximum power point & efficiency.
3. To study the characteristics of a Bipolar Junction Transistor in CE configuration.
4. To study the various biasing configurations of BJT for normal class A operation.
5. To design a CE transistor amplifier of a given gain (mid-gain) using voltage
divider bias.
6. To study the frequency response of voltage gain of a two stage RC-coupled
transistor amplifier.
7. To design a Wien bridge oscillator for given frequency using an op-amp.
8. To design a phase shift oscillator of given specifications using BJT.
9. To design a digital to analog converter (DAC) of given specifications.
10. To design an inverting amplifier using Op-amp (741,351)for dc voltage of given gain
11. (a) To design inverting amplifier using Op-amp (741,351) & study its frequency response
(b) To design non-inverting amplifier using Op-amp (741,351) & study frequency response
12. (a) To add two dc voltages using Op-amp in inverting and non-inverting mode
(b) To study the zero-crossing detector and comparator.
13. To design a precision Differential amplifier of given I/O specification using Op-amp.
14. To investigate the use of an op-amp as an Integrator.
15. To investigate the use of an op-amp as a Differentiator.
16. To design a circuit to simulate the solution of simultaneous equation and
1st/2 ndorder differential equation.
Reference Books:
Basic Electronics: A text lab manual, P.B.Zbar, A.P.Malvino, M.A.Miller, 1994,
Mc-Graw Hill.
OP-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuit, R. A. Gayakwad, 4 th edition, 2000, Prentice Hall.
Electronic Principle, Albert Malvino, 2008, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
Electronic Devices & circuit Theory, R.L.Boylestad & L.D.Nashelsky, 2009, Pearson
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Semester V
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PHYSICS-C XI: QUANTUM MECHANICS AND APPLICATIONS
(Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)
Theory: 60 Lectures
30
Conditions for Physical Acceptability of Wave Functions. Normalization. Linearity and
Superposition Principles. Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions. Position, momentum and
Energy operators; commutator of position and momentum operators; Expectation values
of position and momentum. Wave Function of a Free Particle. (10 Lectures)
Reference Books:
A Text book of Quantum Mechanics, P.M. Mathews and K. Venkatesan, 2nd Ed.,
2010, McGraw Hill
Quantum Mechanics, Robert Eisberg and Robert Resnick, 2 nd Edn., 2002, Wiley.
Quantum Mechanics, Leonard I. Schiff, 3 rd Edn. 2010, Tata McGraw Hill.
Quantum Mechanics for Scientists & Engineers, D.A.B. Miller, 2008, Cambridge
University Press
Quantum Mechanics, Eugen Merzbacher, 2004, John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, D.J. Griffith, 2 nd Ed. 2005, Pearson Education
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
31
PHYSICS PRACTICAL-C XI LAB
60 Periods
Use C/C++/Scilab for solving the following problems based on Quantum Mechanics like
1. Solve the s-wave Schrodinger equation for the ground state and the first excited
state of the hydrogen atom:
= ( ) ( ), ( ) = ℏ [ ( ) − ] where ( ) = −
Here, m is the reduced mass of the electron. Obtain the energy eigenvalues and plot
the corresponding wavefunctions. Remember that the ground state energy of the
hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV. Take e = 3.795 (eVÅ)1/2, ħc = 1973 (eVÅ) and m =
0.511x106 eV/c2.
( ) = − /
Find the energy (in eV) of the ground state of the atom to an accuracy of three
significant digits. Also, plot the corresponding wavefunction. Take e = 3.795
(eVÅ)1/2, m = 0.511x106 eV/c2, and a = 3 Å, 5 Å, 7 Å. In these units ħc = 1973
(eVÅ). The ground state energy is expected to be above -12 eV in all three cases.
4. Solve the s-wave radial Schrodinger equation for the vibrations of hydrogen
molecule:
= ( ) ( ), ( ) = ℏ [ ( ) − ]
Where is the reduced mass of the two-atom system for the Morse potential
−
( )= − , =
Find the lowest vibrational energy (in MeV) of the molecule to an accuracy of
three significant digits. Also plot the corresponding wave function.
Take: m = 940x106eV/C2, D = 0.755501 eV, α = 1.44, ro = 0.131349 Å
32
Laboratory based experiments (Optional):
5. Study of Electron spin resonance- determine magnetic field as a function of the
resonance frequency
6. Study of Zeeman effect: with external magnetic field; Hyperfine splitting
7. Quantum efficiency of CCDs
Reference Books:
Schaum's outline of Programming with C++. J.Hubbard, 2 000 ,McGraw‐Hill Publication
An introduction to computational Physics, T.Pang, 2 nd Edn.,2006, Cambridge Univ.Press
Simulation of ODE/PDE Models with MATLAB®, OCTAVE and SCILAB: Scientific &
Engineering Applications: A. Vande Wouwer, P. Saucez, C. V. Fernández.2014 Springer.
Scilab (A Free Software to Matlab): H. Ramchandran, A.S. Nair. 2011 S. Chand & Co.
A Guide to MATLAB, B.R. Hunt, R.L. Lipsman, J.M. Rosenberg, 2014, 3rd Edn.,
Cambridge University Press
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Reference Books:
Introduction to Solid State Physics, Charles Kittel, 8th Edn., 2004, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.
Elements of Solid State Physics, J.P. Srivastava, 2 nd Edn., 2006, Prentice-Hall of India.
Introduction to Solids, Leonid V. Azaroff, 2004, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
Solid State Physics, N.W. Ashcroft and N.D. Mermin, 1976, Cengage Learning.
Solid-state Physics, H. Ibach and H. Luth, 2009, Springer.
Solid State Physics, Rita John, 2014, McGraw Hill
Solid State Physics, M.A. Wahab, 2011, Narosa Publications.
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Reference Books
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L. Flint and H.T. Worsnop, 1971, Asia
Publishing House.
A Text Book of Practical Physics, I.Prakash & Ramakrishna, 11th Ed., 2011, Kitab Mahal
Elements of Solid State Physics, J.P. Srivastava, 2nd Ed., 2006, Prentice-Hall of India.
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34
Semester VI
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Wave Guides: Planar optical wave guides. Planar dielectric wave guide. Condition of
continuity at interface. Phase shift on total reflection. Eigenvalue equations. Phase and
group velocity of guided waves. Field energy and Power transmission. (8 Lectures)
Optical Fibres: Numerical Aperture. Step and Graded Indices (Definitions Only).
35
Single and Multiple Mode Fibres. (3 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Introduction to Electrodynamics, D.J. Griffiths, 3rd Ed., 1998, Benjamin Cummings.
Elements of Electromagnetics, M.N.O. Sadiku, 2001, Oxford University Press.
Fundamentals of Electromagnetics, M.A.W. Miah, 1982, Tata McGraw Hill
Electromagnetic field Theory, R.S. Kshetrimayun, 2012, Cengage Learning
Engineering Electromagnetic, Willian H. Hayt, 8th Edition, 2012, McGraw Hill.
Electromagnetics, J.A. Edminster, Schaum Series, 2006, Tata McGraw Hill.
Electromagnetic field theory fundamentals, B. Guru and H. Hiziroglu, 2015,
Cambridge University Press
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Books
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L. Flint and H.T. Worsnop, 1971, Asia
Publishing House.
Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, 4th Edition,
reprinted 1985, Heinemann Educational Publishers
Electromagnetic Field Theory for Engineers & Physicists, G. Lehner, 2010, Springer
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
36
PHYSICS-C XIV: STATISTICAL MECHANICS
(Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)
Theory: 60 Lectures
Reference Books:
Statistical Mechanics, R.K. Pathria, Butterworth Heinemann: 2nd Ed., 1996, Oxford
University Press.
Statistical Physics, Berkeley Physics Course, F. Reif, 2008, Tata McGraw-Hill
Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and Statistical Thermodynamics, Francis W.
Sears and Gerhard L. Salinger, 1986, Narosa.
Modern Thermodynamics with Statistical Mechanics, Carl S. Helrich, 2009, Springer
An Introduction to Statistical Mechanics & Thermodynamics, R.H. Swendsen,
2012, Oxford Univ. Press
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37
1. Computational analysis of the behavior of a collection of particles in a box that
satisfy Newtonian mechanics and interact via the Lennard-Jones potential,
varying the total number of particles N and the initial conditions:
a) Study of local number density in the equilibrium state (i) average; (ii)
fluctuations
b) Study of transient behavior of the system (approach to equilibrium)
c) Relationship of large N and the arrow of time
d) Computation of the velocity distribution of particles for the system and
comparison with the Maxwell velocity distribution
e) Computation and study of mean molecular speed and its dependence on
particle mass
f) Computation of fraction of molecules in an ideal gas having speed near
the most probable speed
2. Computation of the partition function Z() for examples of systems with a finite
number of single particle levels (e.g., 2 level, 3 level, etc.) and a finite number of
non-interacting particles N under Maxwell-Boltzmann, Fermi-Dirac and Bose-
Einstein statistics:
a) Study of how Z(), average energy <E>, energy fluctuation E, Cv,
depend upon the temperature, total number of particles N and the
spectrum of single particle states.
b) Ratios of occupation numbers of various states for the systems considered
above
c) Computation of physical quantities at large and small temperature T and
comparison of various statistics at large and small temperature T.
3. Plot Planck’s law for Black Body radiation and compare it with Raleigh-Jeans
Law at high temperature and low temperature.
4. Plot Specific Heat of Solids (a) Dulong-Petit law, (b) Einstein distribution
function, (c) Debye distribution function for high temperature and low
temperature and compare them for these two cases.
Reference Books:
Elementary Numerical Analysis, K.E.Atkinson, 3 r d E d n. 2 0 0 7 , Wiley India Edition
Statistical Mechanics, R.K. Pathria, Butterworth Heinemann: 2nd Ed., 1996, Oxford
University Press.
Introduction to Modern Statistical Mechanics, D.Chandler, Oxford University Press, 1987
Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and Statistical Thermodynamics, Francis W.
Sears and Gerhard L. Salinger, 1986, Narosa.
38
Modern Thermodynamics with Statistical Mechanics, Carl S. Helrich, 2009, Springer
Statistical and Thermal Physics with computer applications, Harvey Gould and Jan
Tobochnik, Princeton University Press, 2010.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Signals and Systems: Periodic and aperiodic signals. Impulse response, transfer function
and frequency response of first and second order systems. Fluctuations and Noise in
measurement system. S/N ratio and Noise figure. Noise in frequency domain. Sources of
Noise: Inherent fluctuations, Thermal noise, Shot noise, 1/f noise (7 Lectures)
Impedance Bridges and Q-meter: Block diagram and working principles of RLC bridge.
Q-meter and its working operation. Digital LCR bridge. (4 Lectures)
39
Vacuum Systems: Characteristics of vacuum: Gas law, Mean free path. Application of
vacuum. Vacuum system- Chamber, Mechanical pumps, Diffusion pump & Turbo Modular
pump, Pumping speed, Pressure gauges (Pirani, Penning, ionization). (12 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Experimental Methods for Engineers, J.P. Holman, McGraw Hill
Introduction to Measurements and Instrumentation, A.K. Ghosh, 3 rd Edition, PHI
Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Transducers and Instrumentation, D.V.S. Murty, 2nd Edition, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Instrumentation Devices and Systems, C.S. Rangan, G.R. Sarma, V.S.V. Mani, Tata
McGraw Hill
Electronic circuits: Handbook of design & applications, U.Tietze, Ch.Schenk, Springer
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Books:
Electronic circuits:Handbook of design and applications, U.Tietze and C.Schenk,
2008, Springer
40
Basic Electronics:A text lab manual, P.B.Zbar, A.P.Malvino, M.A.Miller, 1990, Mc-
Graw Hill
Measurement, Instrumentation and Experiment Design in Physics & Engineering,
M.Sayer and A. Mansingh, 2005, PHI Learning.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cartesian Tensors
Transformation of Co-ordinates. Einstein’s Summation Convention. Relation between
Direction Cosines. Tensors. Algebra of Tensors. Sum, Difference and Product of Two
Tensors. Contraction. Quotient Law of Tensors. Symmetric and Anti-symmetric
Tensors. Invariant Tensors : Kronecker and Alternating Tensors. Association of
Antisymmetric Tensor of Order Two and Vectors. Vector Algebra and Calculus using
Cartesian Tensors : Scalar and Vector Products, Scalar and Vector Triple Products.
Differentiation. Gradient, Divergence and Curl of Tensor Fields. Vector Identities.
Tensorial Formulation of Analytical Solid Geometry : Equation of a Line. Angle
Between Lines. Projection of a Line on another Line. Condition for Two Lines to be
Coplanar. Foot of the Perpendicular from a Point on a Line. Rotation Tensor (No
Derivation). Isotropic Tensors. Tensorial Character of Physical Quantities. Moment of
Inertia Tensor. Stress and Strain Tensors : Symmetric Nature. Elasticity Tensor.
Generalized Hooke’s Law. (20 lectures)
41
General Tensors
Transformation of Co-ordinates. Minkowski Space. Contravariant & Covariant Vectors.
Contravariant, Covariant and Mixed Tensors. Kronecker Delta and Permutation Tensors.
Algebra of Tensors. Sum, Difference & Product of Two Tensors. Contraction. Quotient
Law of Tensors. Symmetric and Anti-symmetric Tensors. Metric Tensor. (10 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Mathematical Tools for Physics, James Nearing, 2010, Dover Publications
Mathematical Methods for Physicists, G.B. Arfken, H.J. Weber and F.E.Harris,1970,
Elsevier.
Modern Mathematical Methods for Physicists and Engineers, C.D. Cantrell, 2011,
Cambridge University Press
Introduction to Matrices & Linear Transformations, D.T.Finkbeiner,1978, Dover Pub.
Mathematics for Physicists, Susan M. Lea, 2004, Thomson Brooks/Cole
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Linear algebra:
Multiplication of two 3 x 3 matrices.
Eigenvalue and eigenvectors of
2 1 1 1 − 3+4 2 − 2
1 3 2 ; + 2 4 ; + 4 3
3 1 4 3−4 4 3 −2 3 5
42
Reference Books:
Simulation of ODE/PDE Models with MATLAB®, OCTAVE and SCILAB:
Scientific and Engineering Applications: A. Vande Wouwer, P. Saucez, C. V.
Fernández. 2014 Springer ISBN: 978-3319067896
Scilab by example: M. Affouf, 2012, ISBN: 978-1479203444
Scilab Image Processing:L.M.Surhone. 2010, Betascript Pub.,ISBN: 978-6133459274
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8051 I/O port programming: Introduction of I/O port programming, pin out diagram of
8051 microcontroller, I/O port pins description & their functions, I/O port programming
in 8051 (using assembly language), I/O programming: Bit manipulation. (4 Lectures)
Programming: 8051 addressing modes and accessing memory using various addressing
modes, assembly language instructions using each addressing mode, arithmetic and logic
instructions, 8051 programming in C: for time delay & I/O operations and manipulation,
for arithmetic and logic operations, for ASCII and BCD conversions. (12 Lectures)
Serial port programming with and without interrupt: Introduction to 8051 interrupts,
programming timer interrupts, programming external hardware interrupts and serial
communication interrupt, interrupt priority in the 8051. (6 Lectures)
Introduction to Arduino: Pin diagram and description of Arduino UNO. Basic programming.
(2 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Embedded Systems:Architecture, Programming & Design, Raj Kamal, 2008,Tata
McGraw Hill
The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C, M.A.
Mazidi, J.G. Mazidi, and R.D. McKinlay, 2nd Ed., 2007, Pearson Education India.
Microcontrollers in practice, I.Susnea and M.Mitescu, 2005, Springer.
Embedded Systems & Robots, Subrata Ghoshal, 2009, Cengage Learning
Introduction to embedded system, K.V. Shibu, 1st edition, 2009, McGraw Hill
Embedded Microcomputer systems: Real time interfacing, J.W.Valvano 2011,
Cengage Learning
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
44
Arduino based programs and experiments:
12. Make a LED flash at different time intervals.
13. To vary the intensity of LED connected to Arduino
14. To control speed of a stepper motor using a potential meter connected to Arduino
15. To display “PHYSICS” on LCD/CRO.
Reference Books:
Embedded Systems:Architecture, Programming and Design, Raj Kamal, 2008,Tata
McGraw Hill
The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C,
M.A.Mazidi, J.G. Mazidi, and R.D. McKinlay, 2nd Ed., 2007, Pearson Education India.
Embedded System, B.K. Rao, 2011, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Embedded Microcomputer systems: Real time interfacing, J.W. Valvano 2011,
Cengage Learning
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nuclear Models: Liquid drop model approach, semi empirical mass formula and
significance of its various terms, condition of nuclear stability, two nucleon separation
energies, Fermi gas model (degenerate fermion gas, nuclear symmetry potential in Fermi
gas), evidence for nuclear shell structure, nuclear magic numbers, basic assumption of
shell model, concept of mean field, residual interaction, concept of nuclear force.
(12 Lectures)
Interaction of Nuclear Radiation with matter: Energy loss due to ionization (Bethe-
Block formula), energy loss of electrons, Cerenkov radiation. Gamma ray interaction
through matter, photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, pair production, neutron
interaction with matter. (8 Lectures)
45
Detector for Nuclear Radiations: Gas detectors: estimation of electric field, mobility
of particle, for ionization chamber and GM Counter. Basic principle of Scintillation
Detectors and construction of photo-multiplier tube (PMT).Semiconductor Detectors (Si
and Ge) for charge particle and photon detection (concept of charge carrier and
mobility), neutron detector. (8 Lectures)
Particle physics: Particle interactions; basic features, types of particles and its families.
Symmetries and Conservation Laws: energy and momentum, angular momentum, parity,
baryon number, Lepton number, Isospin, Strangeness and charm, concept of quark
model, color quantum number and gluons. (14 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Introductory nuclear Physics, Kenneth S. Krane (Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2008).
Concepts of nuclear physics, Bernard L.Cohen.(Tata Mcgraw Hill, 1998).
Introduction to the physics of nuclei &particles, R.A. Dunlap. (Thomson Asia, 2004).
Introduction to High Energy Physics, D.H. Perkins, Cambridge Univ. Press
Introduction to Elementary Particles, D. Griffith, John Wiley & Sons
Radiation detection and measurement, G.F. Knoll (John Wiley & Sons, 2000).
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Processing of Devices: Basic process flow for IC fabrication. Crystal plane and
orientation. Diffusion and implantation of dopants. Passivation. Oxidation Technique for
Si. Contacts and metallization technique. Wet etching. Dry etching (RIE). Positive and
Negative Masks. Photolithography. Electron-lithography. (12 Lectures)
Power supply and Filters: Block Diagram of a Power Supply, Qualitative idea of C and L
Filters. IC Regulators, Line and load regulation, Short circuit protection. (3 Lectures)
RC Filters: Passive-Low pass and High pass filters, Active (1st order butterworth) -Low
Pass, High Pass, Band Pass and band Reject Filters. (3 Lectures)
46
Phase Locked Loop (PLL): Basic Principles, Phase detector (XOR and edge triggered),
Voltage Controlled Oscillator (Basics, varactor). Lock and capture. Basic idea of PLL IC
(565 or 4046). (5 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Physics of Semiconductor Devices, S.M.Sze and K.K.Ng, 3 rd Edition 2008, John
Wiley & Sons
Op-Amps & Linear Integrated Circuits, R.A.Gayakwad,4 Ed. 2000, PHI Learning
Pvt. Ltd
Electronic Devices and Circuits, A. Mottershead, 1998, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Electronic Communication systems, G. Kennedy, 1999, Tata McGraw Hill.
Introduction to Measurements & Instrumentation, A.K.Ghosh, 3rd Edition, 2009, PHI
Learning
Semiconductor Physics and Devices, D.A. Neamen, 2011, 4th Edition, McGraw Hill
PC based instrumentation; Concepts and Practice, N. Mathivanan, 2007, Prentice-
Hall of India
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47
8. To design an Amplitude Modulator using Transistor.
9. To design PWM, PPM, PAM and Pulse code modulation using ICs.
10. To design an Astable multivibrator of given specifications using transistor.
11. To study a PLL IC (Lock and capture range).
12. To study envelope detector for demodulation of AM signal.
13. Study of ASK and FSK modulator.
14. Glow an LED via USB port of PC.
15. Sense the input voltage at a pin of USB port and subsequently glow the LED
connected with another pin of USB port.
Reference Books:
Basic Electronics:A text lab manual, P.B.Zbar, A.P.Malvino, M.A.Miller,1994, Mc-Graw Hill
Integrated Electronics, J. Millman and C.C. Halkias, 1991, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
Electronics : Fundamentals and Applications, J.D. Ryder, 2004, Prentice Hall.
OP-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuit, R. A. Gayakwad, 4 th edn., 2000, Prentice Hall.
Introduction to PSPICE using ORCAD for circuits& Electronics, M.H.Rashid,2003,
PHI Learning.
PC based instrumentation;Concepts & Practice, N.Mathivanan, 2007, Prentice-Hall of India
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The milky way: Basic Structure and Properties of the Milky Way, Nature of Rotation of
the Milky Way (Differential Rotation of the Galaxy and Oort Constant, Rotation Curve
of the Galaxy and the Dark Matter, Nature of the Spiral Arms), Stars and Star Clusters of
the Milky Way, Properties of and around the Galactic Nucleus. (14 Lectures)
Large scale structure & expanding universe: Cosmic Distance Ladder (An Example
from Terrestrial Physics, Distance Measurement using Cepheid Variables), Hubble’s
Law (Distance- Velocity Relation), Clusters of Galaxies (Virial theorem and Dark
Matter). (10 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Modern Astrophysics, B.W. Carroll & D.A. Ostlie, Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.
49
Introductory Astronomy and Astrophysics, M. Zeilik and S.A. Gregory, 4 th
Edition, Saunders College Publishing.
Fundamental of Astronomy (Fourth Edition), H. Karttunen et al. Springer
Baidyanath Basu, An introduction to Astrophysics, Second printing, Prentice -
Hall of India Private limited, New Delhi,2001.
Explorations: Introduction to Astronomy, Thomos Arny and Stephen Schneider,
2014, 7th edition, McGraw Hill
Textbook of Astronomy and Astrophysics with elements of cosmology, V.B.
Bhatia, Narosa Publication.
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Atmospheric Radar and Lidar: Radar equation and return signal, Signal processing
and detection, Various type of atmospheric radars, Application of radars to study
atmospheric phenomena, Lidar and its applications, Application of Lidar to study
atmospheric phenomenon. Data analysis tools and techniques. (12 Lectures)
50
Bouguert-Lambert law, Principles of radiometry, Optical phenomena in atmosphere,
Aerosol studies using Lidars. (12 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Fundamental of Atmospheric Physics, M.L Salby; Academic Press, Vol 61, 1996
The Physics of Atmosphere – John T. Houghton; Cambridge University press;
3rd edn. 2002.
An Introduction to dynamic meteorology – James R Holton; Academic Press, 2004
Radar for meteorological and atmospheric observations – S Fukao and K
Hamazu, Springer Japan, 2014
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Time series analysis of temperature using long term data over metropolitan cities
in India – an approach to understand the climate change
Reference Books:
Fundamental of Atmospheric Physics – Murry L Salby; Academic Press, Vol 61, 1996
The Physics of Atmosphere – J.T. Houghton; Cambridge Univ. Press; 3 rd edn. 2002.
An Introduction to dynamic meteorology – James R Holton; Academic Press, 2004
Radar for meteorological and atmospheric observations – S Fukao and K Hamazu,
Springer Japan, 2014
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
51
Theory: 75 Lectures
Overview: (9 Lectures)
The boundary, interior and exterior environment of living cells. Processes: exchange of
matter and energy with environment, metabolism, maintenance, reproduction, evolution.
Self-replication as a distinct property of biological systems. Time scales and spatial
scales. Universality of microscopic processes and diversity of macroscopic form. Types
of cells. Multicellularity. Allometric scaling laws.
At the level of an ecosystem and the biosphere: Foodwebs. Feedback cycles and self-
sustaining ecosystems.
Reference Books:
Physics in Molecular Biology; Kim Sneppen & Giovanni Zocchi (CUP 2005)
52
Biological Physics: Energy, Information, Life; Philip Nelson (W H Freeman &
Co, NY, 2004)
Physical Biology of the Cell (2nd Edition), Rob Phillips et al (Garland Science,
Taylor & Francis Group, London & NY, 2013)
An Introduction to Systems Biology; Uri Alon (Chapman and Hall/CRC, Special
Indian Edition, 2013)
rd
Evolution; M. Ridley (Blackwell Publishers, 2009, 3 edition)
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Even Semester Options (DSE III – IV, Dissertation): Select any 02 papers
Calculus of Variations:
Variable Calculus: Variational Principle, Euler’s Equation and its Application to Simple
Problems. Geodesics. Concept of Lagrangian. Generalized co-ordinates. Definition of
canonical moment, Euler-Lagrange’s Equations of Motion and its Applications to
Simple Problems (e.g., Simple Pendulum and One dimensional harmonic oscillator).
Definition of Canonical Momenta. Canonical Pair of Variables. Definition of
Generalized Force: Definition of Hamiltonian (Legendre Transformation). Hamilton’s
Principle. Poisson Brackets and their properties. Lagrange Brackets and their properties.
(25 Lectures)
Group Theory:
Review of sets, Mapping and Binary Operations, Relation, Types of Relations.
Groups: Elementary properties of groups, uniqueness of solution, Subgroup, Centre of a
group, Co-sets of a subgroup, cyclic group, Permutation/Transformation.
Homomorphism and Isomorphism of group. Normal and conjugate subgroups,
Completeness and Kernel.
Some special groups with operators. Matrix Representations: Reducible and Irreducible.
(25 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Mathematical Methods for Physicists: Weber and Arfken, 2005, Academic Press.
53
Mathematical Methods for Physicists: A Concise Introduction: Tai L. Chow,
2000, Cambridge Univ. Press.
Elements of Group Theory for Physicists by A. W. Joshi, 1997, John Wiley.
Group Theory and its Applications to Physical Problems by Morton Hamermesh,
1989, Dover
Introduction to Mathematical Physics: Methods & Concepts: Chun Wa Wong,
2012, Oxford University Press
Introduction to Mathematical Probability, J. V. Uspensky, 1937, Mc Graw-Hill.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Digital Pulse Modulation: Need for digital transmission, Pulse Code Modulation,
Digital Carrier Modulation Techniques, Sampling, Quantization and Encoding. Concept
of Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase Shift Keying
(PSK), and Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK). (10 Lectures)
54
used in mobile communication, concept of cell sectoring and cell splitting, SIM number,
IMEI number, need for data encryption, architecture (block diagram) of mobile
communication network, idea of GSM, CDMA, TDMA and FDMA technologies,
simplified block diagram of mobile phone handset, 2G, 3G and 4G concepts (qualitative
only). (10 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Electronic Communications, D. Roddy and J. Coolen, Pearson Education India.
Advanced Electronics Communication Systems- Tomasi, 6 th edition, Prentice Hall.
Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, B.P. Lathi, 4th Edition, 2011,
Oxford University Press.
Electronic Communication systems, G. Kennedy, 3rd Edn., 1999, Tata McGraw Hill.
Principles of Electronic communication systems – Frenzel, 3rd edition, McGraw Hill
Communication Systems, S. Haykin, 2006, Wiley India
Electronic Communication system, Blake, Cengage, 5th edition.
Wireless communications, Andrea Goldsmith, 2015, Cambridge University Press
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Reference Books:
Electronic Communication systems, G. Kennedy, 1999, Tata McGraw Hill.
Electronic Communication system, Blake, Cengage, 5th edition.
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Elementary Fluid Dynamics: Importance of fluids: Fluids in the pure sciences, fluids
in technology. Study of fluids: Theoretical approach, experimental fluid dynamics,
computational fluid dynamics. Basic physics of fluids: The continuum hypothesis-
concept of fluid element or fluid parcel; Definition of a fluid- shear stress; Fluid
properties- viscosity, thermal conductivity, mass diffusivity, other fluid properties and
equation of state; Flow phenomena- flow dimensionality, steady and unsteady flows,
uniform and non-uniform flows, viscous and inviscid flows, incompressible and
56
compressible flows, laminar and turbulent flows, rotational and irrotational flows,
separated and unseparated flows. Flow visualization - streamlines, pathlines, Streaklines.
(14 Lectures)
Reference Books
Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos, S.H. Strogatz, Levant Books, Kolkata, 2007
Understanding Nonlinear Dynamics, Daniel Kaplan and Leon Glass, Springer.
An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics, G.K.Batchelor, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2002
Fluid Mechanics, 2 nd Edition, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Pergamon Press,
Oxford, 1987.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Books
Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos, Steven H. Strogatz, Levant Books, Kolkata, 2007
Understanding Nonlinear Dynamics, Daniel Kaplan and Leon Glass, Springer.
An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics, G.K.Batchelor, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2002
Simulation of ODE/PDE Models with MATLAB®, OCTAVE and SCILAB:
Scientific and Engineering Applications: A. Vande Wouwer, P. Saucez, C. V.
Fernández. 2014 Springer
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57
PHYSICS-DSE: VERILOG AND FPGA BASED SYSTEM DESIGN
(Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)
Theory: 60 Lectures
Evolution of Programmable logic devices. PAL, PLA and GAL. CPLD and FPGA
architectures. Placement and routing. Logic cell structure, Programmable interconnects,
Logic blocks and I/O Ports. Clock distribution in FPGA. Timing issues in FPGA design.
Boundary scan. (20 lectures)
Verilog HDL: Introduction to HDL. Verilog primitive operators and structural Verilog
Behavioral Verilog. Design verification. Modeling of combinational and sequential
circuits (including FSM and FSMD) with Verilog Design examples in Verilog.
(20 lectures)
Reference Books:
1. LizyKurien and Charles Roth. Principles of Digital Systems Design and
VHDL.Cengage Publishing. ISBN-13: 978-8131505748
2. Palnitkar, Samir, Verilog HDL. Pearson Education; Second edition (2003).
3. Ming-Bo Lin. Digital System Designs and Practices: Using Verilog HDL and
FPGAs. Wiley India Pvt Ltd. ISBN-13: 978-8126536948
4. Zainalabedin Navabi. Verilog Digital System Design. TMH; 2 ndedition. ISBN-13:
978-0070252219
5. Wayne Wolf. FPGA Based System Design. Pearson Education.
6. S. K. Mitra, Digital Signal processing, McGraw Hill, 1998
7. VLSI design, Debaprasad Das, 2 nd Edition, 2015, Oxford University Press.
8. D.J. Laja and S. Sapatnekar, Designing Digital Computer Systems with Verilog,
Cambridge University Press, 2015.
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Reference Books
W.Wolf, FPGA- based System Design, Pearson, 2004
U. Meyer Baese, Digital Signal Processing with FPGAs, Springer, 2004
S. Palnitkar, Verilog HDL– A Guide to Digital Design & Synthesis, Pearson, 2003
Verilog HDL primer- J. Bhasker. BSP, 2003 II edition
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59
oscillations about the minimum, normal modes of oscillations example of N identical
masses connected in a linear fashion to (N -1) - identical springs. (10 Lectures)
Fluid Dynamics: Density and pressure P in a fluid, an element of fluid and its
velocity, continuity equation and mass conservation, stream-lined motion, laminar flow,
Poiseuille’s equation for flow of a liquid through a pipe, Navier-Stokes equation,
qualitative description of turbulence, Reynolds number. (10 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Classical Mechanics, H.Goldstein, C.P. Poole, J.L. Safko, 3 rdEdn. 2002, Pearson Education.
Mechanics, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, 1976, Pergamon.
Classical Electrodynamics, J.D. Jackson, 3rd Edn., 1998, Wiley.
The Classical Theory of Fields, L.D Landau, E.M Lifshitz, 4 th Edn., 2003, Elsevier.
Classical Mechanics, P.S. Joag, N.C. Rana, 1st Edn., McGraw Hall.
Classical Mechanics, R. Douglas Gregory, 2015, Cambridge University Press.
Solved Problems in classical Mechanics, O.L. Delange and J. Pierrus, 2010, Oxford Press
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60
Transform, z-plane, Region-of-Convergence; Properties of ROC, Properties; Time
Reversal; Differentiation in the z-Domain; Power Series Expansion Method (or Long
Division Method); Analysis and Characterization of LTI Systems; Transfer Function and
Difference-Equation System. Solving Difference Equations. (15 Lectures)
Filter Concepts: Phase Delay and Group delay, Zero-Phase Filter, Linear-Phase Filter,
Simple FIR Digital Filters, Simple IIR Digital Filters, All pass Filters, Averaging Filters,
Notch Filters. (5 Lectures)
Fast Fourier Transform: Direct Computation of the DFT, Symmetry and Periodicity
Properties of the Twiddle factor (WN), Radix-2 FFT Algorithms; Decimation-In-Time
(DIT) FFT Algorithm; Decimation-In-Frequency (DIF) FFT Algorithm, Inverse DFT
Using FFT Algorithms. (5 Lectures)
Realization of Digital Filters: Non Recursive and Recursive Structures, Canonic and
Non Canonic Structures, Equivalent Structures (Transposed Structure), FIR Filter
structures; Direct-Form; Cascade-Form; Basic structures for IIR systems; Direct-Form I.
Finite Impulse Response Digital Filter: Advantages and Disadvantages of Digital
Filters, Types of Digital Filters: FIR and IIR Filters; Difference Between FIR and IIR
Filters, Desirability of Linear-Phase Filters, Frequency Response of Linear-Phase FIR
Filters, Impulse Responses of Ideal Filters, Windowing Method; Rectangular;
Triangular; Kaiser Window, FIR Digital Differentiators.
Infinite Impulse Response Digital Filter: Design of IIR Filters from Analog Filters,
IIR Filter Design by Approximation of Derivatives, Backward Difference Algorithm,
Impulse Invariance Method. (15 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Digital Signal Processing, Tarun Kumar Rawat, 2015, Oxford University Press, India
Digital Signal Processing, S. K. Mitra, McGraw Hill, India.
Principles of Signal Processing and Linear Systems, B.P. Lathi, 2009, 1st Edn.
Oxford University Press.
Fundamentals of Digital Signal processing using MATLAB, R.J. Schilling and S.L.
Harris, 2005, Cengage Learning.
Fundamentals of signals and systems, P.D. Cha and J.I. Molinder, 2007, Cambridge
University Press.
Digital Signal Processing Principles Algorithm & Applications, J.G. Proakis and
D.G. Manolakis, 2007, 4th Edn., Prentice Hall.
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61
PRACTICAL-DSE LAB: DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LAB
60 Periods
2. Write a program to compute the convolution sum of a rectangle signal (or gate
function) with itself for N = 5
( )= 1 − ≤ ≤
=Π =
2 2 0 ℎ
62
{1,2,2,1}
( )=
↑
{1, −1, −1,1}
ℎ( ) =
↑
Write a program to compute their linear convolution using circular convolution.
8. Using a rectangular window, design a FIR low-pass filter with a pass-band gain
of unity, cut off frequency of 1000 Hz and working at a sampling frequency of
5 KHz. Take the length of the impulse response as 17.
Reference Books:
Digital Signal Processing, Tarun Kumar Rawat, Oxford University Press, India.
A Guide to MATLAB, B.R. Hunt, R.L. Lipsman, J.M. Rosenberg, 2014, 3 rd
Edn., Cambridge University Press
Fundamentals of Digital Signal processing using MATLAB, R.J. Schilling and
S.L. Harris, 2005, Cengage Learning.
Getting started with MATLAB, Rudra Pratap, 2010, Oxford University Press.
Digital Signal Processing, S. K. Mitra, McGraw Hill, India.
Fundamentals of signals and systems, P.D. Cha and J.I. Molinder, 2007,
Cambridge University Press.
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63
box, quantum confinement of carriers in 3D, 2D, 1Dnanostructures and its
consequences. (10 Lectures)
Reference books:
C.P. Poole, Jr. Frank J. Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology (Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.).
S.K. Kulkarni, Nanotechnology: Principles & Practices (Capital Publishing Company)
K.K. Chattopadhyay and A. N. Banerjee, Introduction to Nanoscience and
Technology (PHI Learning Private Limited).
Introduction to Nanoelectronics, V.V. Mitin, V.A. Kochelap and M.A. Stroscio,
2011, Cambridge University Press.
Richard Booker, Earl Boysen, Nanotechnology (John Wiley and Sons).
64
PRACTICALS-DSE LAB: Nano Materials and Applications
60 Periods
Reference Books:
1. C.P. Poole, Jr. Frank J. Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology (Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.).
2. S.K. Kulkarni, Nanotechnology: Principles & Practices (Capital Publishing Company).
3. K.K. Chattopadhyay and A.N. Banerjee, Introduction to Nanoscience & Technology
(PHI Learning Private Limited).
4. Richard Booker, Earl Boysen, Nanotechnology (John Wiley and Sons).
Climate:
i. Earth’s temperature and greenhouse effect.
ii. Paleoclimate and recent climate changes.
iii. The Indian monsoon system.
(d) Biosphere: Water cycle, Carbon cycle, Nitrogen cycle, Phosphorous cycle.
The role of cycles in maintaining a steady state.
66
3. Role of the biosphere in shaping the environment.
4. Future of evolution of the Earth and solar system: Death of the Earth.
Reference Books:
Planetary Surface Processes, H. Jay Melosh, Cambridge University Press, 2011.
Consider a Spherical Cow: A course in environmental problem solving, John Harte.
University Science Books
Holme’s Principles of Physical Geology. 1992. Chapman & Hall.
Emiliani, C, 1992. Planet Earth, Cosmology, Geology and the Evolution of Lifeand
Environment. Cambridge University Press.
RADIATION PHYSICS: Radiation units exposure, absorbed dose, units: rad, gray,
relative biological effectiveness, effective dose- Rem & Sievert, inverse square law.
Interaction of radiation with matter Compton & photoelectric effect, linear attenuation
coefficient. Radiation Detectors: ionization (Thimble chamber, condenser chamber),
chamber. Geiger Muller counter, Scintillation counters and Solid State detectors, TFT.
(7 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Medical Physics, J.R. Cameron and J.G.Skofronick, Wiley (1978)
68
Basic Radiological Physics Dr. K.Thayalan- Jayapee Brothers Medical Publishing
Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi (2003)
Christensen’s Physics of Diagnostic Radiology: Curry, Dowdey and Murry -
Lippincot Williams and Wilkins (1990)
Physics of the human body, Irving P. Herman, Springer (2007).
Physics of Radiation Therapy: F M Khan - Williams and Wilkins, 3rdedition (2003)
The essential physics of Medical Imaging: Bushberg, Seibert, Leidholdt and Boone
Lippincot Williams and Wilkins, Second Edition (2002)
Handbook of Physics in Diagnostic Imaging: R.S.Livingstone: B.I. Publication Pvt Ltd.
The Physics of Radiology-H E Johns and Cunningham.
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Reference Books:
Basic Radiological Physics, Dr. K. Thayalan - Jayapee Brothers Medical Publishing
Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi (2003)
Christensen’s Physics of Diagnostic Radiology: Curry, Dowdey and Murry -
Lippincot Williams and Wilkins (1990)
Physics of Radiation Therapy : F M Khan - Williams and Wilkins, 3 rdedition (2003)
The essential physics of Medical Imaging: Bushberg, Seibert, Leidholdt and Boone
Lippincot Williams and Wilkins, Second Edition (2002)
Handbook of Physics in Diagnostic Imaging: Roshan S. Livingstone: B. I.
Publications Pvt Ltd.
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69
Skill Enhancement Course (any two) (Credit: 02 each)- SEC1 to SEC4
Introduction to prime movers: Mechanism, gear system, wheel, Fixing of gears with
motor axel. Lever mechanism, Lifting of heavy weight using lever. braking systems,
pulleys, working principle of power generation systems. Demonstration of pulley
experiment. (6 Lectures)
Reference Books:
A text book in Electrical Technology - B L Theraja – S. Chand and Company.
Performance and design of AC machines – M.G. Say, ELBS Edn.
Mechanical workshop practice, K.C. John, 2010, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Workshop Processes, Practices and Materials, Bruce J Black 2005, 3rd Edn.,
Editor Newnes [ISBN: 0750660732]
New Engineering Technology, Lawrence Smyth/Liam Hennessy, The
Educational Company of Ireland [ISBN: 0861674480]
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COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
Theory: 30 Lectures
The aim of this course is not just to teach computer programming and numerical
analysis but to emphasize its role in solving problems in Physics and Science.
70
Highlights the use of computational methods to solve physical problems
Use of computer language as a tool in solving physics/science problems
Course will consist of hands on training on the Problem solving on Computers.
Programming:
1. Exercises on syntax on usage of FORTRAN
2. Usage of GUI Windows, Linux Commands, familiarity with DOS commands and
working in an editor to write sources codes in FORTRAN.
3. To print out all natural even/ odd numbers between given limits.
4. To find maximum, minimum and range of a given set of numbers.
5. Calculating Euler number using exp(x) series evaluated at x=1 (6 Lectures)
71
languages. Equation representation: Formulae and equations, Figures and other
floating bodies, Lining in columns- Tabbing and tabular environment, Generating table
of contents, bibliography and citation, Making an index and glossary, List making
environments, Fonts, Picture environment and colors, errors. (6 Lectures)
Hands on exercises:
1. To compile a frequency distribution and evaluate mean, standard deviation etc.
2. To evaluate sum of finite series and the area under a curve.
3. To find the product of two matrices
4. To find a set of prime numbers and Fibonacci series.
5. To write program to open a file and generate data for plotting using Gnuplot.
6. Plotting trajectory of a projectile projected horizontally.
7. Plotting trajectory of a projectile projected making an angle with the horizontally.
8. Creating an input Gnuplot file for plotting a data and saving the output for seeing
on the screen. Saving it as an eps file and as a pdf file.
9. To find the roots of a quadratic equation.
10. Motion of a projectile using simulation and plot the output for visualization.
11. Numerical solution of equation of motion of simple harmonic oscillator and plot
the outputs for visualization.
12. Motion of particle in a central force field and plot the output for visualization.
(9 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Introduction to Numerical Analysis, S.S. Sastry, 5 th Edn., 2012, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Computer Programming in Fortran 77”. V. Rajaraman (Publisher:PHI).
LaTeX–A Document Preparation System”, Leslie Lamport (Second Edition,
Addison-Wesley, 1994).
Gnuplot in action: understanding data with graphs, Philip K Janert, (Manning 2010)
Schaum’s Outline of Theory and Problems of Programming with Fortran, S
Lipsdutz and A Poe, 1986Mc-Graw Hill Book Co.
Computational Physics: An Introduction, R. C. Verma, etal. New Age International
Publishers, New Delhi(1999)
Elementary Numerical Analysis, K.E.Atkinson,3 r d E d n . , 2 0 0 7 , Wiley India Edition.
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72
ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS AND NETWORK SKILLS
Theory: 30 Lectures
The aim of this course is to enable the students to design and trouble shoots the
electrical circuits, networks and appliances through hands-on mode
Basic Electricity Principles: Voltage, Current, Resistance, and Power. Ohm's law.
Series, parallel, and series-parallel combinations. AC and DC Electricity. Familiarization
with multimeter, voltmeter and ammeter. (3 Lectures)
Electrical Circuits: Basic electric circuit elements and their combination. Rules to
analyze DC sourced electrical circuits. Current and voltage drop across the DC circuit
elements. Single-phase and three-phase alternating current sources. Rules to analyze AC
sourced electrical circuits. Real, imaginary and complex power components of AC
source. Power factor. Saving energy and money. (4 Lectures)
Electrical Wiring: Different types of conductors and cables. Basics of wiring-Star and
delta connection. Voltage drop and losses across cables and conductors. Instruments to
measure current, voltage, power in DC and AC circuits. Insulation. Solid and stranded
cable. Conduit. Cable trays. Splices: wirenuts, crimps, terminal blocks, and solder.
Preparation of extension board. (5 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Electrical Circuits, K.A. Smith and R.E. Alley, 2014, Cambridge University Press
A text book in Electrical Technology - B L Theraja - S Chand & Co.
A text book of Electrical Technology - A K Theraja
Performance and design of AC machines - M G Say ELBS Edn.
73
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Use of CRO for the measurement of voltage (dc and ac), frequency and time period.
Special features of dual trace, introduction to digital oscilloscope, probes. Digital storage
Oscilloscope: principle of working. (3 Lectures)
Signal and pulse Generators: Block diagram, explanation and specifications of low
frequency signal generator and pulse generator. Brief idea for testing, specifications.
Distortion factor meter, wave analysis. (4 Lectures)
Laboratory Exercises:
1. To observe the loading effect of a multimeter while measuring voltage across a
low resistance and high resistance.
2. To observe the limitations of a multimeter for measuring high frequency voltage
and currents.
3. To measure Q of a coil and its dependence on frequency, using a Q- meter.
4. Measurement of voltage, frequency, time period and phase using Oscilloscope.
5. Measurement of time period, frequency, average period using universal counter/
frequency counter.
6. Measurement of rise, fall and delay times using a Oscilloscope.
7. Measurement of distortion of a RF signal generator using distortion factor meter.
8. Measurement of R,L and C using a LCR bridge/ universal bridge.
Reference Books:
A text book in Electrical Technology - B L Theraja - S Chand and Co.
Performance and design of AC machines - M G Say ELBS Edn.
Digital Circuits and systems, Venugopal, 2011, Tata McGraw Hill.
Logic circuit design, Shimon P. Vingron, 2012, Springer.
Digital Electronics, Subrata Ghoshal, 2012, Cengage Learning.
Electronic Devices and circuits, S. Salivahanan & N. S.Kumar, 3 rd Ed., 2012,
Tata Mc-Graw Hill
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Fossil fuels and Alternate Sources of energy: Fossil fuels and nuclear energy, their
limitation, need of renewable energy, non-conventional energy sources. An overview of
developments in Offshore Wind Energy, Tidal Energy, Wave energy systems, Ocean
Thermal Energy Conversion, solar energy, biomass, biochemical conversion, biogas
generation, geothermal energy tidal energy, Hydroelectricity. (3 Lectures)
75
Solar energy: Solar energy, its importance, storage of solar energy, solar pond, non
convective solar pond, applications of solar pond and solar energy, solar water heater,
flat plate collector, solar distillation, solar cooker, solar green houses, solar cell,
absorption air conditioning. Need and characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) systems, PV
models and equivalent circuits, and sun tracking systems. (6 Lectures)
Wind Energy harvesting: Fundamentals of Wind energy, Wind Turbines and different
electrical machines in wind turbines, Power electronic interfaces, and grid
interconnection topologies. (3 Lectures)
Ocean Energy: Ocean Energy Potential against Wind and Solar, Wave Characteristics
and Statistics, Wave Energy Devices. (3 Lectures)
Tide characteristics and Statistics, Tide Energy Technologies, Ocean Thermal Energy,
Osmotic Power, Ocean Bio-mass. (2 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Non-conventional energy sources, B.H. Khan, McGraw Hill
Solar energy, Suhas P Sukhative, Tata McGraw - Hill Publishing Company Ltd.
Renewable Energy, Power for a sustainable future, Godfrey Boyle, 3rd Edn.,
2012, Oxford University Press.
Renewable Energy, 3rd Edition,
Solar Energy: Resource Assesment Handbook, P Jayakumar, 2009
J.Balfour, M.Shaw and S. Jarosek, Photovoltaics, Lawrence J Goodrich (USA).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy
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76
TECHNICAL DRAWING
Theory: 30 Lectures
Introduction: Drafting Instruments and their uses. lettering: construction and uses of
various scales: dimensioning as per I.S.I. 696-1972. Engineering Curves: Parabola:
hyperbola: ellipse: cycloids, involute: spiral: helix and loci of points of simple moving
mechanism.2D geometrical construction. Representation of 3D objects.Principles of
projections. (4 Lectures)
Projections: Straight lines, planes and solids. Development of surfaces of right and
oblique solids. Section of solids. (6 Lectures)
CAD Drawing: Introduction to CAD and Auto CAD, precision drawing and drawing
aids, Geometric shapes, Demonstrating CAD- specific skills (graphical user interface.
Create, retrieve, edit, and use symbol libraries. Use inquiry commands to extract
drawing data). Control entity properties. Demonstrating basic skills to produce 2-D and
3-Ddrawings. 3D modeling with Auto CAD (surfaces and solids), 3D modeling with
sketch up, annotating in Auto CAD with text and hatching, layers, templates & design
center, advanced plotting (layouts, viewports), office standards, dimensioning, internet
and collaboration, Blocks, Drafting symbols, attributes, extracting data. basic printing,
editing tools, Plot/Print drawing to appropriate scale. (16 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Engineering Drawing, N.S. Parthasarathy and Vele Murali, 1st Edition, 2015,
Oxford University Press
Engineering Graphic, K. Venugopal, and V. Raja Prabhu, New Age International
AutoCAD 2014 & AutoCAD 2014/Donnie Gladfelter/Sybex/ISBN:978-1-118-57510-9
Architectural Design with Sketchup/Alexander Schreyer/John Wiley & Sons/ISBN:
978-1-118-12309-6
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RADIATION SAFETY
Theory: 30 Lectures
The aim of this courseis for awareness and understanding regarding radiation hazards
and safety. The list of laboratory skills and experiments listed below the course are to be
done in continuation of the topics
Basics of Atomic and Nuclear Physics: Basic concept of atomic structure; X rays
characteristic and production; concept of bremsstrahlung and auger electron, The
composition of nucleus and its properties, mass number, isotopes of element, spin,
binding energy, stable and unstable isotopes, law of radioactive decay, Mean life and
77
half life, basic concept of alpha, beta and gamma decay, concept of cross section and
kinematics of nuclear reactions, types of nuclear reaction, Fusion, fission. (6 Lectures)
Interaction of Radiation with matter: Types of Radiation: Alpha, Beta, Gamma and
Neutron and their sources, sealed and unsealed sources, Interaction of Photons - Photo-
electric effect, Compton Scattering, Pair Production, Linear and Mass Attenuation
Coefficients, Interaction of Charged Particles: Heavy charged particles - Beth-Bloch
Formula, Scaling laws, Mass Stopping Power, Range, Straggling, Channeling and
Cherenkov radiation. Beta Particles- Collision and Radiation loss (Bremsstrahlung),
Interaction of Neutrons- Collision, slowing down and Moderation. (7 Lectures)
Experiments:
1. Study the background radiation levels using Radiation meter
2. Study of characteristics of GM tube and determination of operating voltage and
plateau length using background radiation as source (without commercial source).
3. Study of counting statistics using background radiation using GM counter.
4. Study of radiation in various materials (e.g. KSO4etc.). Investigation of possible
radiation in different routine materials by operating GM counter at operating voltage.
5. Study of absorption of beta particles in Aluminum using GM counter.
6. Detection of α particles using reference source & determining its half life using spark counter
7. Gamma spectrum of Gas Light mantle (Source of Thorium)
Reference Books:
1. W.E. Burcham and M. Jobes – Nuclear and Particle Physics – Longman (1995)
78
2. G.F.Knoll, Radiation detection and measurements
3. Thermoluninescense Dosimetry, Mcknlay, A.F., Bristol, Adam Hilger (Medical
Physics Hand book 5)
4. W.J.Meredith and J.B.Massey, “Fundamental Physics of Radiology”. John
Wright and Sons, UK, 1989.
5. A.Martin and S.A.Harbisor, An Introduction to Radiation Protection, John
Willey &Sons, Inc. New York, 1981.
6. W.R. Hendee, “Medical Radiation Physics”, Year Book – Medical Publishers
Inc. London, 1981
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APPLIED OPTICS
THEORY: 30 Lectures
Theory includes only qualitative explanation. Minimum five experiments should be
performed covering minimum three sections.
79
(ii) Fourier Optics (6 Periods)
Concept of Spatial frequency filtering, Fourier transforming property of a thin
lens
Experiments on Fourier Optics:
a. Fourier optic and image processing
1. Optical image addition/subtraction
2. Optical image differentiation
3. Fourier optical filtering
4. Construction of an optical 4f system
b. Fourier Transform Spectroscopy
Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FTS) is a powerful method for measuring
emission and absorption spectra, with wide application in atmospheric remote
sensing, NMR spectrometry and forensic science.
Experiment:
To study the interference pattern from a Michelson interferometer as a
function of mirror separation in the interferometer. The resulting interferogram
is the Fourier transform of the power spectrum of the source. Analysis of
experimental interferograms allows one to determine the transmission
characteristics of several interference filters. Computer simulation can also be
done.
80
Fibre optics through experiments, M.R.Shenoy, S.K.Khijwania, et.al. 2009, Viva Books
Optical Electronics, Ajoy Ghatak and K. Thyagarajan, 2011, Cambridge University Press
Optics, Karl Dieter Moller, Learning by computing with model examples, 2007, Springer.
Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, S.C. Gupta, 2005, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
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WEATHER FORECASTING
Theory: 30 Lectures
The aim of this course is not just to impart theoretical knowledge to the students but
to enable them to develop an awareness and understanding regarding the causes and
effects of different weather phenomenon and basic forecasting techniques
Measuring the weather: Wind; forces acting to produce wind; wind speed direction:
units, its direction; measuring wind speed and direction; humidity, clouds and rainfall,
radiation: absorption, emission and scattering in atmosphere; radiation laws.
(4 Periods)
Weather systems: Global wind systems; air masses and fronts: classifications; jet
streams; local thunderstorms; tropical cyclones: classification; tornadoes; hurricanes.
(3 Periods)
Climate and Climate Change: Climate: its classification; causes of climate change;
global warming and its outcomes; air pollution; aerosols, ozone depletion, acid rain,
environmental issues related to climate. (6 Periods)
81
(e) To evaluate the relative humidity of the day.
(f) To examine the rainfall amount month wise.
3. Exercises in chart reading: Plotting of constant pressure charts, surfaces charts,
upper wind charts and its analysis.
4. Formats and elements in different types of weather forecasts/ warning (both
aviation and non aviation)
Reference books:
1. Aviation Meteorology, I.C. Joshi, 3rd edition 2014, Himalayan Books
2. The weather Observers Hand book, Stephen Burt, 2012, Cambridge
University Press.
3. Meteorology, S.R. Ghadekar, 2001, Agromet Publishers, Nagpur.
4. Text Book of Agro meteorology, S.R. Ghadekar, 2005,Agromet Publishers, Nagpur.
5. Atmosphere and Ocean, John G. Harvey, 1995, The Artemis Press.
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Vector Analysis: Review of vector algebra (Scalar and Vector product), gradient,
divergence, Curl and their significance, Vector Integration, Line, surface and volume
integrals of Vector fields, Gauss-divergence theorem and Stoke's theorem of vectors
(statement only). (12 Lectures)
82
Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart's law and its applications- straight conductor, circular
coil, solenoid carrying current. Divergence and curl of magnetic field. Magnetic
vector potential. Ampere's circuital law.
Magnetic properties of materials: Magnetic intensity, magnetic induction,
permeability, magnetic susceptibility. Brief introduction of dia-, para- and ferro-
magnetic materials. (10 Lectures)
83
9. To verify the Superposition, and Maximum Power Transfer Theorems
Reference Books
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L.Flint & H.T.Worsnop, 1971,
Asia Publishing House.
Engineering Practical Physics, S. Panigrahi and B.Mallick, 2015, Cengage
Learning India Pvt. Ltd.
A Text Book of Practical Physics, I.Prakash &Ramakrishna, 11th Ed.2011, Kitab Mahal
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Calculus of functions of more than one variable: Partial derivatives, exact and
inexact differentials. Integrating factor, with simple illustration. Constrained
Maximization using Lagrange Multipliers. (6 Lectures)
Frobenius Method and Special Functions: Singular Points of Second Order Linear
Differential Equations and their importance. Frobenius method and its applications to
differential equations. Legendre, Bessel Differential Equations. Properties of
Legendre Polynomials: Rodrigues Formula, Orthogonality. Simple recurrence
relations. (16 Lectures)
Some Special Integrals: Beta and Gamma Functions and Relation between them.
Expression of Integrals in terms of Gamma Functions. (4 Lectures)
84
Reference Books:
Mathematical Methods for Physicists: Arfken, Weber, 2005, Harris, Elsevier.
Fourier Analysis by M.R. Spiegel, 2004, Tata McGraw-Hill.
Essential Mathematical Methods, K.F. Riley and M.P. Hobson, 2011, Cambridge
University Press
Engineering Mathematics, S.Pal and S.C. Bhunia, 2015, Oxford University Press
An Introduction to Ordinary Differential Equations, E.A Coddington, 1961, PHI Learning
Differential Equations, George F. Simmons, 2006, Tata McGraw-Hill.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
85
Programs: using C/C++ Sum and average of a list of numbers, largest of a
language given list of numbers and its location in the list,
sorting of numbers in ascending descending order,
Binary search,
Random number generation Area of circle, area of square, volume of sphere,
value of pi
Solution of Algebraic and Solution of linear and quadratic equation, solving
Transcendental equations by 2
sin
Bisection, Newton Raphson tan ; I I 0 in optics,
and Secant methods
Interpolation by Newton Evaluation of trigonometric functions e.g. sin , cos,
Gregory Forward & Backward tan etc
difference formula, Error
estimation of linear
interpolation
Numerical differentiation Given Position with equidistant time data calculate
(Forward and Backward velocity and acceleration and vice versa. Find the
difference formula) and area of BH Hysteresis loop
Integration (Trapezoidal and
Simpson rules), Monte Carlo
method
Solution of Ordinary First order differential equation
Differential Equations (ODE) Radioactive decay
Current in RC, LC circuits with DC source
First order Differential
Newton’s law of cooling
equation Euler, modified
Classical equations of motion
Euler and Runge-Kutta (RK)
Also attempt the following problems using RK 4
second and fourth order
order method
methods
Solve the coupled differential equations
= + − ; = −
3
for four initial conditions x(0) = 0, y(0) = -1, -2,
-3, -4. Plot x vs y for each of the four initial
conditions on the same screen for 0 t 15
86
Referred Books:
Introduction to Numerical Analysis, S.S. Sastry, 5th Edn., 2012, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Schaum's Outline of Programming with C++. J.Hubbard, 2 00 0 , McGraw‐Hill Pub.
Numerical Recipes in C++: The Art of Scientific Computing, W.H. Press et.al.,
2 nd Edn., 2013, Cambridge University Press.
A first course in Numerical Methods, U.M. Ascher & C. Greif, 2012, PHI Learning.
AnIntroductiontocomputationalPhysics,T.Pang,2 nd Edn., 2006,CambridgeUniv. Press
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Binary Addition. Binary Subtraction using 2's Complement Method). Half Adders and
Full Adders and Subtractors, 4-bit binary Adder-Subtractor. (4 Lectures)
87
Sinusoidal Oscillators: Barkhausen's Criterion for Self-sustained Oscillations.
Determination of Frequency of RC Phase-shift Oscillator. (5 Lectures)
Timer IC: IC 555 Pin diagram and its application as Astable and Monostable
Multivibrator. (3 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Integrated Electronics, J. Millman and C.C. Halkias, 1991, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
Electronic devices & circuits, S. Salivahanan & N.S. Kumar, 2012, Tata Mc-Graw Hill
Microelectronic Circuits, M.H. Rashid, 2 nd Edn., 2011, Cengage Learning.
Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Tech., Helfrick and
Cooper,1990, PHI Learning
Digital Principles and Applications, A.P.Malvino, D.P.Leach and Saha, 7th Ed.,
2011, Tata McGraw Hill
Microelectronic circuits, A.S. Sedra, K.C. Smith, A.N. Chandorkar, 2014, 6th
Edn., Oxford University Press.
OP-AMP & Linear Digital Circuits, R.A. Gayakwad, 2000, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
88
(b) To design a non-inverting amplifier of given gain using Op-amp 741 and
study its Frequency Response.
10. To study Differential Amplifier of given I/O specification using Op-amp.
11. To investigate a differentiator made using op-amp.
12. To design a Wien Bridge Oscillator using an op-amp.
Reference Books:
Basic Electronics: A text lab manual, P.B.Zbar, A.P.Malvino, M.A.Miller, 1994,
Mc-Graw Hill.
Electronics: Fundamentals and Applications, J.D. Ryder, 2004, Prentice Hall.
OP-Amps & Linear Integrated Circuit, R.A. Gayakwad, 4thEdn, 2000, Prentice Hall.
Electronic Principle, Albert Malvino, 2008, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
89
Self similarity and fractal geometry: Fractals in nature – trees, coastlines,
earthquakes, etc. Need for fractal dimension to describe self-similar structure.
Deterministic fractal vs. self-similar fractal structure.Fractals in dynamics – Serpinski
gasket and DLA.
Chaos in nonlinear finite-difference equations- Logistic map: Dynamics from time
series. Parameter dependence- steady, periodic and chaos states. Cobweb iteration.
Fixed points. Defining chaos- aperiodic, bounded, deterministic and sensitive
dependence on initial conditions. Period- Doubling route to chaos.
Nonlinear time series analysis and chaos characterization: Detecting chaos from
return map. Power spectrum, autocorrelation, Lyapunov exponent, correlation
dimension. (20 Lectures)
Reference Books
Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos, S.H. Strogatz, Levant Books, Kolkata, 2007
Understanding Nonlinear Dynamics, Daniel Kaplan and Leon Glass, Springer.
An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics, G.K.Batchelor, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2002
Fluid Mechanics, 2nd Edition, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Pergamon
Press, Oxford, 1987.
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90
5. To study rate equations for chemical reactions e.g. auto catalysis, bistability.
6. To study examples from game theory.
7. Computational visualization of trajectories in the Sinai Billiard.
8. Computational visualization of trajectories Electron motion in mesoscopic
conductors as a chaotic billiard problem.
9. Computational visualization of fractal formations of Deterministic fractal.
10. Computational visualization of fractal formations of self-similar fractal.
11. Computational visualization of fractal formations of Fractals in nature – trees,
coastlines, earthquakes.
12. Computational Flow visualization - streamlines, pathlines, Streaklines.
Reference Books
Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos, Steven H. Strogatz, Levant Books, Kolkata, 2007
Understanding Nonlinear Dynamics, Daniel Kaplan and Leon Glass, Springer.
An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics, G.K.Batchelor, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2002
Simulation of ODE/PDE Models with MATLAB®, OCTAVE and SCILAB:
Scientific and Engineering Applications: A. Vande Wouwer, P. Saucez, C. V.
Fernández. 2014 Springer
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
91
design, tube cooling stationary mode, Rotating anode x-ray tube, Tube rating, quality and
intensity of x-ray. X-ray generator circuits, half wave and full wave rectification, filament
circuit, kilo voltage circuit. Single and three phase electric supply. Power ratings. Types of
X-Ray Generator, high frequency generator, exposure timers and switches, HT cables.
(7 Lectures)
RADIATION PHYSICS: Radiation units exposure, absorbed dose, units: rad, gray,
relative biological effectiveness, effective dose- Rem & Sievert, inverse square law.
Interaction of radiation with matter Compton & photoelectric effect, linear attenuation
coefficient. Radiation Detectors: ionization (Thimble chamber, condenser chamber),
chamber. Geiger Muller counter, Scintillation counters and Solid State detectors, TFT.
(7 Lectures)
92
Reference Books:
Medical Physics, J.R. Cameron and J.G.Skofronick, Wiley (1978)
Basic Radiological Physics Dr. K.Thayalan- Jayapee Brothers Medical Publishing Pvt.
Ltd. New Delhi (2003)
Christensen’s Physics of Diagnostic Radiology: Curry, Dowdey and Murry - Lippincot
Williams and Wilkins (1990)
Physics of the human body, Irving P. Herman, Springer (2007).
Physics of Radiation Therapy: F M Khan - Williams and Wilkins, 3 rdedition (2003)
The essential physics of Medical Imaging: Bushberg, Seibert, Leidholdt and Boone
Lippincot Williams and Wilkins, Second Edition (2002)
Handbook of Physics in Diagnostic Imaging: R.S.Livingstone: B.I. Publication Pvt Ltd.
The Physics of Radiology-H E Johns and Cunningham.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Books:
Basic Radiological Physics, Dr. K. Thayalan - Jayapee Brothers Medical Publishing
Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi (2003)
Christensen’s Physics of Diagnostic Radiology: Curry, Dowdey and Murry - Lippincot
Williams and Wilkins (1990)
Physics of Radiation Therapy : F M Khan - Williams and Wilkins, 3rdedition (2003)
The essential physics of Medical Imaging: Bushberg, Seibert, Leidholdt and Boone
Lippincot Williams and Wilkins, Second Edition (2002)
Handbook of Physics in Diagnostic Imaging: R.S.Livingstone: B.I.Publications Pvt Ltd.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
93
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GE: MECHANICS
(Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)
Theory:60 Lectures
Vectors: Vector algebra. Scalar and vector products. Derivatives of a vector with
respect to a parameter. (4 Lectures)
Note: Students are not familiar with vector calculus. Hence all examples involve
differentiation either in one dimension or with respect to the radial coordinate
94
.
Reference Books:
University Physics. FW Sears,MW Zemansky & HD Young 13/e,1986.Addison-Wesley
Mechanics Berkeley Physics course, v.1:Charles Kittel, et.al. 2007, Tata McGraw-Hill
Physics – Resnick, Halliday & Walker 9/e, 2010, Wiley
Engineering Mechanics, Basudeb Bhattacharya, 2nd edn., 2015, Oxford University Press
University Physics, Ronald Lane Reese, 2003, Thomson Brooks/Cole.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Books:
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L.Flint and H.T.Worsnop, 1971,
Asia Publishing House.
A Text Book of Practical Physics, Indu Prakash and Ramakrishna, 11th
Edition, 2011, Kitab Mahal, New Delhi.
Engineering Practical Physics, S. Panigrahi and B.Mallick, 2015, Cengage
Learning India Pvt. Ltd.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
95
Problems with Rutherford model- instability of atoms and observation of discrete
atomic spectra; Bohr's quantization rule and atomic stability; calculation of energy
levels for hydrogen like atoms and their spectra. (6 Lectures)
Two slit interference experiment with photons, atoms & particles; linear superposition
principle as a consequence; Matter waves and wave amplitude; Schrodinger equation
for non-relativistic particles; Momentum and Energy operators; stationary states;
physical interpretation of wavefunction, probabilities and normalization; Probability
and probability current densities in one dimension. (11 Lectures)
Size and structure of atomic nucleus and its relation with atomic weight; Impossibility
of an electron being in nucleus as a consequence of the uncertainty principle. Nature
of nuclear force, NZ graph, semi-empirical mass formula and binding energy.
(6 Lectures)
Radioactivity: stability of nucleus; Law of radioactive decay; Mean life and half-life;
decay; decay - energy released, spectrum and Pauli's prediction of neutrino; -ray
emission. (11 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Concepts of Modern Physics, Arthur Beiser, 2009, McGraw-Hill
Modern Physics, J.R.Taylor, C.D.Zafiratos, M.A.Dubson,2009, PHI Learning
Six Ideas that Shaped Physics: Particle Behave like Waves, Thomas A. Moore, 2003,
McGraw Hill
Quantum Physics, Berkeley Physics,Vol.4. E.H. Wichman, 2008, Tata McGraw-Hill Co.
Modern Physics, R.A. Serway, C.J. Moses, and C.A.Moyer, 2005, Cengage Learning
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
96
4. To determine value of Planck’s constant using LEDs of at least 4 different colours.
5. To determine the wavelength of H-alpha emission line of Hydrogen atom.
6. To determine the absorption lines in the rotational spectrum of Iodine vapour.
7. To study the diffraction patterns of single and double slits using laser and measure
its intensity variation using Photosensor & compare with incoherent source– Na.
8. Photo-electric effect: photo current versus intensity and wavelength of light;
maximum energy of photo-electrons versus frequency of light
9. To determine the value of e/m by (a) Magnetic focusing or (b) Bar magnet.
Reference Books:
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L.Flint and H.T.Worsnop, 1971,
Asia Publishing House.
Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, 4 th
Edition, reprinted 1985, Heinemann Educational Publishers
A Text Book of Practical Physics, Indu Prakash and Ramakrishna, 11th
Edition, 2011, Kitab Mahal, New Delhi.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
97
Dispersion. Cauchy and Sellmeir relations. Langevin-Debye equation. Complex
Dielectric Constant.Optical Phenomena. Application: Plasma Oscillations, Plasma
Frequency, Plasmons. (11 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Introduction to Solid State Physics, Charles Kittel, 8th Ed., 2004, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.
Elements of Solid State Physics, J.P. Srivastava, 2nd Ed., 2006, Prentice-Hall of India
Introduction to Solids, Leonid V. Azaroff, 2004, Tata Mc-Graw Hill
Solid State Physics, N.W. Ashcroft and N.D. Mermin, 1976, Cengage Learning
Solid State Physics, M.A. Wahab, 2011, Narosa Publications
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Books
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L. Flint and H.T. Worsnop, 1971, Asia
Publishing House.
Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, 4th Edition,
reprinted 1985, Heinemann Educational Publishers
Elements of Solid State Physics, J.P. Srivastava, 2 nd Ed., 2006, Prentice-Hall of India
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
98
GE: EMBEDDED SYSTEM: INTRODUCTION TO
MICROCONTROLLERS
(Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)
Theory: 60 Lectures
8051 I/O port programming: Introduction of I/O port programming, pin out diagram
of8051 microcontroller, I/O port pins description and their functions, I/O port
programming in 8051, (Using Assembly Language), I/O programming: Bit
manipulation. (4 Lectures)
99
Programming Embedded Systems: Structure of embedded program, infinite loop,
compiling, linking and locating, downloading and debugging. (3 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Embedded Systems:Architecture, Programming & Design, Raj Kamal, 2008, Tata
McGraw Hill
The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C,
M.A.Mazidi, J.G. Mazidi, andR.D. McKinlay, 2nd Ed., 2007, Pearson Education
Embedded Systems: Design & applications, S.F. Barrett, 2008, Pearson Education
Embedded Microcomputer systems: Real time interfacing, J.W.Valvano 2011,
Cengage Learning
Embedded Systems & Robots, Subrata Ghoshal, 2009, Cengage Learning
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Books:
100
Embedded Systems:Architecture, Programming & Design, Raj Kamal, 2008, Tata
McGraw Hill
The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Using Assembly and C,
M.A.Mazidi, J.G. Mazidi, and R.D. McKinlay, 2 nd Ed., 2007, Pearson Education
Embedded System, B.K. Rao, 2011, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Embedded Microcomputer systems:Real time interfacing,J.W.Valvano 2011,
Cengage Learning
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Overview: (9 Lectures)
The boundary, interior and exterior environment of living cells. Processes: exchange of
matter and energy with environment, metabolism, maintenance, reproduction, evolution.
Self-replication as a distinct property of biological systems. Time scales and spatial scales.
Universality of microscopic processes and diversity of macroscopic form. Types of cells.
Multicellularity. Allometric scaling laws.
101
At the level of an ecosystem and the biosphere: Foodwebs. Feedback cycles and self-
sustaining ecosystems.
Reference Books:
Physics in Molecular Biology; Kim Sneppen & Giovanni Zocchi (CUP 2005)
Biological Physics: Energy, Information, Life; Philip Nelson (W H Freeman & Co,
NY, 2004)
Physical Biology of the Cell (2nd Edition), Rob Phillips et al (Garland Science,
Taylor & Francis Group, London & NY, 2013)
An Introduction to Systems Biology; Uri Alon (Chapman and Hall/CRC, Special
Indian Edition, 2013)
rd
Evolution; M. Ridley (Blackwell Publishers, 2009, 3 edition)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sound: Sound waves, production and properties . Intensity and loudness of sound.
Decibels. Intensity levels. musical notes. musical scale. Acoustics of buildings
(General idea). (6 Lectures)
102
Interference: Interference: Division of amplitude and division of wavefront. Young’s
Double Slit experiment. Lloyd’s Mirror and Fresnel’s Biprism. Phase change on
reflection: Stokes’ treatment. Interference in Thin Films: parallel and wedge-shaped
films. Fringes of equal inclination (Haidinger Fringes); Fringes of equal thickness
(Fizeau Fringes). Newton’s Rings: measurement of wavelength and refractive index.
(12 Lectures)
Diffraction: Fraunhofer diffraction- Single slit; Double Slit. Multiple slits and
Diffraction grating. Fresnel Diffraction: Half-period zones. Zone plate. Fresnel
Diffraction pattern of a straight edge, a slit and a wire using half-period zone analysis.
(14 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Fundamentals of Optics, F.A Jenkins and H.E White, 1976, McGraw-Hill
Principles of Optics, B.K. Mathur, 1995, Gopal Printing
Fundamentals of Optics, A. Kumar, H.R. Gulati and D.R. Khanna, 2011, R.
Chand Publications
University Physics. F.W. Sears, M.W. Zemansky and H.D. Young. 13/e, 1986.
Addison-Wesley
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
103
11. To determine the wavelength of Laser light using Diffraction of Single Slit.
12. To determine wavelength of (1) Sodium and (2) Spectral lines of the Mercury
light using plane diffraction Grating
13. To determine the Resolving Power of a Plane Diffraction Grating.
14. To determine the wavelength of laser light using diffraction grating.
Reference Books:
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L.Flint and H.T.Worsnop, 1971,
Asia Publishing House.
Advanced level Physics Practicals, Michael Nelson and Jon M. Ogborn, 4th
Edition, reprinted 1985, Heinemann Educational Publishers
A Text Book of Practical Physics, Indu Prakash and Ramakrishna, 11th
Edition, 2011, Kitab Mahal, New Delhi.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
104
Quantum theory of hydrogen-like atoms: time independent Schrodinger equation in
spherical polar coordinates; separation of variables for the second order partial
differential equation; angular momentum operator and quantum numbers; Radial
wavefunctions from Frobenius method; Orbital angular momentum quantum numbers
l and m; s, p, d,.. shells (idea only) (10 Lectures)
( ) = − /
105
Find the energy (in eV) of the ground state of the atom to an accuracy of three
significant digits. Also, plot the corresponding wavefunction. Take e = 3.795
(eVÅ)1/2, m = 0.511x106 eV/c2 , and a = 3 Å, 5 Å, 7 Å. In these units ħc = 1973
(eVÅ). The ground state energy is expected to be above -12 eV in all three cases.
4. Solve the s-wave radial Schrodinger equation for the vibrations of hydrogen
molecule:
= ( ) ( ), ( ) = [ ( ) − ]
ℏ
where is the reduced mass of the two-atom system for the Morse potential
−
( )= − , =
Find the lowest vibrational energy (in MeV) of the molecule to an accuracy of
three significant digits. Also plot the corresponding wave function.
Take: m = 940x10 6 eV/C2, D = 0.755501 eV, α = 1.44, ro = 0.131349 Å
Reference Books:
Schaum's Outline of Programming with C++. J.Hubbard, 2 000 , McGraw‐Hill Pub.
Numerical Recipes in C:The Art of Scientific Computing, W.H. Press et.al., 3 rd
Edn., 2007, Cambridge University Press.
A Guide to MATLAB, B.R. Hunt, R.L. Lipsman, J.M. Rosenberg, 2014, 3 rd Edn.,
Cambridge University Press
Elementary Numerical Analysis, K.E. Atkinson, 3 r d E d . 2 0 0 7 , Wiley India Edition
Simulation of ODE/PDE Models with MATLAB®, OCTAVE and SCILAB: Scientific
& Engineering Applications: A.V. Wouwer, P. Saucez, C.V. Fernández.2014 Springer
Quantum Mechanics, Leonard I. Schiff, 3rd Edn. 2010, Tata McGraw Hill.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
106
PHYSICS- GE: COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
(Credits: Theory-04, Practicals-02)
Theory: 60 Lectures
Digital Pulse Modulation: Need for digital transmission, Pulse Code Modulation,
Digital Carrier Modulation Techniques, Sampling, Quantization and Encoding.
Concept of Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Phase
Shift Keying (PSK), and Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK). (10 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Electronic Communications, D. Roddy and J. Coolen, Pearson Education India.
107
Advanced Electronics Communication Systems- Tomasi, 6th Edn. Prentice Hall.
Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems, B.P. Lathi, 4th Edition, 2011,
Oxford University Press.
Electronic Communication systems, G. Kennedy, 3 rd Edn., 1999, Tata McGraw Hill.
Principles of Electronic communication systems – Frenzel, 3rd edition, McGraw Hill
Communication Systems, S. Haykin, 2006, Wiley India
Electronic Communication system, Blake, Cengage, 5th edition.
Wireless communications, Andrea Goldsmith, 2015, Cambridge University Press
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Books:
Electronic Communication systems, G. Kennedy, 1999, Tata McGraw Hill.
Electronic Communication system, Blake, Cengage, 5th edition.
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108
Evolution of Programmable logic devices. PAL, PLA and GAL. CPLD and FPGA
architectures. Placement and routing. Logic cell structure, Programmable
interconnects, Logic blocks and I/O Ports. Clock distribution in FPGA. Timing issues
in FPGA design. Boundary scan. (20 Lectures)
Reference Books:
LizyKurien and Charles Roth. Principles of Digital Systems Design and
VHDL.Cengage Publishing. ISBN-13: 978-8131505748
Palnitkar, Samir, Verilog HDL. Pearson Education; Second edition (2003).
Ming-Bo Lin. Digital System Designs and Practices: Using Verilog HDL and
FPGAs. Wiley India Pvt Ltd. ISBN-13: 978-8126536948
Zainalabedin Navabi. Verilog Digital System Design. TMH; 2 ndedition. ISBN-13:
978-0070252219
Wayne Wolf. FPGA Based System Design. Pearson Education.
S. K. Mitra, Digital Signal processing, McGraw Hill, 1998
VLSI design, Debaprasad Das, 2 nd Edition, 2015, Oxford University Press.
D.J. Laja and S. Sapatnekar, Designing Digital Computer Systems with Verilog,
Cambridge University Press, 2015.
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109
11. To interface a keyboard
12. To interface a LCD using FPGA
13. To interface multiplexed seven segment display.
14. To interface a stepper motor and DC motor.
15. To interface ADC 0804.
Reference Books
W.Wolf, FPGA- based System Design, Pearson, 2004
U. Meyer Baese, Digital Signal Processing with FPGAs, Springer, 2004
S. Palnitkar, Verilog HDL– A Guide to Digital Design & Synthesis, Pearson, 2003
Verilog HDL primer- J. Bhasker. BSP, 2003 II edition
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
110
ELECTRON TRANSPORT: Carrier transport in nanostrcutures. Coulomb blockade
effect, thermionic emission, tunneling and hoping conductivity. Defects and impurities:
Deep level and surface defects. (6 Lectures)
Reference books:
C.P.Poole, Jr. Frank J.Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology (Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.).
S.K. Kulkarni, Nanotechnology: Principles & Practices (Capital Publishing Company)
K.K. Chattopadhyay and A. N. Banerjee, Introduction to Nanoscience and Technology
(PHI Learning Private Limited).
Introduction to Nanoelectronics, V.V. Mitin, V.A. Kochelap and M.A. Stroscio, 2011,
Cambridge University Press.
Richard Booker, Earl Boysen, Nanotechnology (John Wiley and Sons).
111
Reference Books:
C.P.Poole, Jr. Frank J.Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology (Wiley India Pvt. Ltd.).
S.K. Kulkarni, Nanotechnology: Principles & Practices (Capital Publishing Company).
K.K. Chattopadhyay and A.N. Banerjee, Introduction to Nanoscience & Technology
(PHI Learning Private Limited).
Richard Booker, Earl Boysen, Nanotechnology (John Wiley and Sons).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Books:
Thermal Physics, S. Garg, R. Bansal and C. Ghosh, 1993, Tata McGraw-Hill.
112
A Treatise on Heat, Meghnad Saha, and B.N. Srivastava, 1969, Indian Press.
Heat and Thermodynamics, M.W.Zemasky and R. Dittman, 1981, McGraw Hill
Thermodynamics, Kinetic theory & Statistical thermodynamics, F.W.Sears and
G.L. Salinger. 1988, Narosa
University Physics, Ronald Lane Reese, 2003, Thomson Brooks/Cole.
Thermal Physics, A. Kumar and S.P. Taneja, 2014, R. Chand Publications.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reference Books:
Advanced Practical Physics for students, B.L.Flint & H.T.Worsnop, 1971,
Asia Publishing House.
A Text Book of Practical Physics, Indu Prakash and Ramakrishna, 11th
Edition, 2011, Kitab Mahal, New Delhi.
A Laboratory Manual of Physics for Undergraduate Classes, D.P.Khandelwal,
1985, Vani Publication.
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113
Discrete-Time Signals and Systems: Classification of Signals, Transformations of
the Independent Variable, Periodic and Aperiodic Signals, Energy and Power Signals,
Even and Odd Signals, Discrete-Time Systems, System Properties. Impulse
Response, Convolution Sum; Graphical Method; Analytical Method, Properties of
Convolution; Commutative; Associative; Distributive; Shift; Sum Property System
Response to Periodic Inputs, Relationship Between LTI System Properties and the
Impulse Response; Causality; Stability; Invertibility, Unit Step Response.
(10 Lectures)
Filter Concepts: Phase Delay and Group delay, Zero-Phase Filter, Linear-Phase
Filter, Simple FIR Digital Filters, Simple IIR Digital Filters, All pass Filters,
Averaging Filters, Notch Filters. (5 Lectures)
Fast Fourier Transform: Direct Computation of the DFT, Symmetry and Periodicity
Properties of the Twiddle factor (WN), Radix-2 FFT Algorithms; Decimation-In-Time
(DIT) FFT Algorithm; Decimation-In-Frequency (DIF) FFT Algorithm, Inverse DFT
Using FFT Algorithms. (5 Lectures)
Realization of Digital Filters: Non Recursive and Recursive Structures, Canonic and
Non Canonic Structures, Equivalent Structures (Transposed Structure), FIR Filter
structures;Direct-Form;Cascade-Form;Basic structures for IIR systems;Direct-Form I.
Finite Impulse Response Digital Filter: Advantages and Disadvantages of Digital
Filters, Types of Digital Filters: FIR and IIR Filters; Difference Between FIR and IIR
Filters, Desirability of Linear-Phase Filters, Frequency Response of Linear-Phase FIR
114
Filters, Impulse Responses of Ideal Filters, Windowing Method; Rectangular;
Triangular; Kaiser Window, FIR Digital Differentiators.
Infinite Impulse Response Digital Filter: Design of IIR Filters from Analog Filters,
IIR Filter Design by Approximation of Derivatives, Backward Difference Algorithm,
Impulse Invariance Method. (15 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Digital Signal Processing, Tarun Kumar Rawat,2015,Oxford University Press, India
Digital Signal Processing, S. K. Mitra, McGraw Hill, India.
Principles of Signal Processing and Linear Systems, B.P. Lathi, 2009, 1 st Edn.
Oxford University Press.
Fundamentals of Digital Signal processing using MATLAB, R.J. Schilling and
S.L. Harris, 2005, Cengage Learning.
Fundamentals of signals and systems, P.D. Cha and J.I. Molinder, 2007,
Cambridge University Press.
Digital Signal Processing Principles Algorithm & Applications, J.G. Proakis and
D.G. Manolakis, 2007, 4th Edn., Prentice Hall.
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2. Write a program to compute the convolution sum of a rectangle signal (or gate
function) with itself for N = 5
( )= 1 − ≤ ≤
=Π =
2 2 0 ℎ
115
5. Design a digital filter to eliminate the lower frequency sinusoid of ( ) =
sin 7 + sin 200 . The sampling frequency is = 500 . Plot its pole zero
diagram, magnitude response, input and output of the filter.
Reference Books:
Digital Signal Processing, Tarun Kumar Rawat,Oxford University Press, India
A Guide to MATLAB, B.R. Hunt, R.L. Lipsman, J.M. Rosenberg, 2014, 3rd
Edn., Cambridge University Press
116
Fundamentals of Digital Signal processing using MATLAB, R.J. Schilling and
S.L. Harris, 2005, Cengage Learning.
Getting started with MATLAB, Rudra Pratap, 2010, Oxford University Press.
Digital Signal Processing, S. K. Mitra, McGraw Hill, India.
Fundamentals of signals and systems, P.D. Cha and J.I. Molinder, 2007,
Cambridge University Press.
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Nuclear Models: Liquid drop model approach, semi empirical mass formula and
significance of its various terms, condition of nuclear stability, two nucleon separation
energies, Fermi gas model (degenerate fermion gas, nuclear symmetry potential in
Fermi gas), evidence for nuclear shell structure, nuclear magic numbers, basic
assumption of shell model, concept of mean field, residual interaction, concept of
nuclear force. (12 Lectures)
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Detectors (Si and Ge) for charge particle and photon detection (concept of charge
carrier and mobility), neutron detector. (8 Lectures)
Particle physics: Particle interactions; basic features, types of particles and its
families. Symmetries and Conservation Laws: energy and momentum, angular
momentum, parity, baryon number, Lepton number, Isospin, Strangeness and charm,
concept of quark model. (14 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Introductory nuclear Physics by Kenneth S.Krane (Wiley India Pvt. Ltd., 2008).
Concepts of nuclear physics by Bernard L.Cohen.(Tata Mcgraw Hill, 1998).
Introduction to the physics of nuclei &particles, R.A.Dunlap. (Thomson Asia, 2004)
Introduction to Elementary Particles, D. Griffith, John Wiley & Sons
Radiation detection and measurement, G.F. Knoll (John Wiley & Sons, 2000).
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The sun (Solar Parameters, Solar Photosphere, Solar Atmosphere, Chromosphere.
Corona, Solar Activity, Basics of Solar Magneto-hydrodynamics. Helioseismology). The
solar family (Solar System: Facts and Figures, Origin of the Solar System: The Nebular
Model, Tidal Forces and Planetary Rings, Extra-Solar Planets.
Stellar spectra and classification Structure (Atomic Spectra Revisited, Stellar Spectra,
Spectral Types and Their Temperature Dependence, Black Body Approximation, H R
Diagram, Luminosity Classification) (11 Lectures)
The milky way: Basic Structure and Properties of the Milky Way, Nature of Rotation of
the Milky Way (Differential Rotation of the Galaxy and Oort Constant, Rotation Curve of
the Galaxy and the Dark Matter, Nature of the Spiral Arms), Stars and Star Clusters of
the Milky Way, Properties of and around the Galactic Nucleus. (14 Lectures)
Large scale structure & expanding universe: Cosmic Distance Ladder (An Example
from Terrestrial Physics, Distance Measurement using Cepheid Variables), Hubble’s Law
(Distance- Velocity Relation), Clusters of Galaxies (Virial theorem and Dark Matter).
(10 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Modern Astrophysics, B.W.Carroll & D.A.Ostlie, Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.
Introductory Astronomy and Astrophysics, M. Zeilik and S.A. Gregory, 4th
Edition, Saunders College Publishing.
Fundamental of Astronomy (Fourth Edition), H. Karttunen et al. Springer
K.S. Krishnasamy, Astro Physics a modern perspective, Reprint, New Age
International (p) Ltd, New Delhi, 2002.
Baidyanath Basu, An introduction to Astrophysics, Second printing, Prentice -
Hall of India Private limited, New Delhi,2001.
Explorations: Introduction to Astronomy, Thomos Arny and Stephen Schneider,
2014, 7th edition, McGraw Hill
Textbook of Astronomy and Astrophysics with elements of cosmology, V.B.
Bhatia, Narosa Publication.
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Thermodynamics, Greenhouse effect, Local winds, monsoons, fogs, clouds,
precipitation, Atmospheric boundary layer, Sea breeze and land breeze. Instruments for
meteorological observations including RS/RW, meteorological processes and convective
systems, fronts, Cyclones and anticyclones, thunderstorms. (12 Lectures)
Atmospheric Waves: Surface water waves, wave dispersion, acoustic waves, buoyancy
waves, propagation of atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) in a nonhomogeneous
medium, Lamb wave, Rossby waves and its propagation in three dimensions and in
sheared flow, wave absorption, non-linear consideration. (12 Lectures)
Atmospheric Radar and Lidar: Radar equation and return signal, Signal processing
and detection, Various type of atmospheric radars, Application of radars to study
atmospheric phenomena, Lidar and its applications, Application of Lidar to study
atmospheric phenomenon. Data analysis tools and techniques. (12 Lectures)
Reference Books:
Fundamental of Atmospheric Physics, Murry L Salby, Academic Press, Vol 61, 1996
The Physics of Atmosphere, John T. Houghton; Cambridge University press; 3rd edn.
2002.
An Introduction to dynamic meteorology – James R Holton; Academic Press, 2004
Radar for meteorological and atmospheric observations – S Fukao and K Hamazu,
Springer Japan, 2014
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(b) Kelvin waves
(c) Rossby waves, and mountain waves
6. Time series analysis of temperature using long term data over metropolitan cities in
India – an approach to understand the climate change
Reference Books:
Fundamental of Atmospheric Physics – Murry L Salby; Academic Press, Vol 61,
1996
The Physics of Atmosphere – J.T. Houghton; Cambridge Univ. Press; 3 rd edn.
2002.
An Introduction to dynamic meteorology – James R Holton; Academic Press, 2004
Radar for meteorological and atmospheric observations – S Fukao and K Hamazu,
Springer Japan, 2014
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(g) The Hydrosphere: The oceans, their extent, depth, volume, chemical
composition. River systems.
(h) The Atmosphere: variation of temperature, density and composition with
altitude, clouds.
(i) The Cryosphere: Polar caps and ice sheets. Mountain glaciers.
(j) The Biosphere: Plants and animals. Chemical composition, mass. Marine and
land organisms.
Climate:
iv. Earth’s temperature and greenhouse effect.
v. Paleoclimate and recent climate changes.
vi. The Indian monsoon system.
(h) Biosphere: Water cycle, Carbon cycle, Nitrogen cycle, Phosphorous cycle. The
role of cycles in maintaining a steady state.
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(h) Hydrosphere: Fresh water depletion.
(i) Geosphere: Chemical effluents, nuclear waste.
(j) Biosphere: Biodiversity loss. Deforestation. Robustness and fragility of
ecosystems.
Reference Books:
Planetary Surface Processes, H. Jay Melosh, Cambridge University Press, 2011.
Consider a Spherical Cow: A course in environmental problem solving, John Harte.
University Science Books
Holme’s Principles of Physical Geology. 1992. Chapman & Hall.
Emiliani, C, 1992. Planet Earth, Cosmology, Geology and the Evolution of Lifeand
Environment. Cambridge University Press.
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