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Examen Final: Dar Io Quino Ramos, Willy Estrada Vargas December 13, 2015

This document contains an exam with 5 questions related to signal processing and Fourier transforms. The exam was taken by Darío Quino Ramos and Willy Estrada Vargas on December 13, 2015. The questions involve calculating Fourier transforms, z-transforms, and mapping functions using a complex transformation.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
45 views

Examen Final: Dar Io Quino Ramos, Willy Estrada Vargas December 13, 2015

This document contains an exam with 5 questions related to signal processing and Fourier transforms. The exam was taken by Darío Quino Ramos and Willy Estrada Vargas on December 13, 2015. The questions involve calculating Fourier transforms, z-transforms, and mapping functions using a complex transformation.

Uploaded by

beni010359
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXAMEN FINAL

Darı́o Quino Ramos, Willy Estrada Vargas


December 13, 2015

1. Dibuje el espectro de frecuencia de la onda periódico o pulso periodico definida


por:

1 1
0, para − 2 < t < − 4

f (t) = 1, para − 14 < t < 14

0, para 41 < t < 21

Solución:

Representando la función:

1 1
f (t) = µ−1 (t + ) − µ−1 (t − )
4 4
Aplicando Transformada de Fourier:
1 1
F [f (t)] = F [µ−1 (t + )] − F [µ−1 (t − )]
4 4

1
Sabemos:
1 −jwt0
F [µ−1 (t − t0 )] = e
jw
Reemplazando:
1 jw 1 − jw
F [f (t)] = e4 − e 4
jw jw

1 jw jw
F [f (t)] = (e 4 − e− 4 )
jw

1 jw jw 2j
F [f (t)] = (e 4 − e− 4 )
jw 2j

2 w
F [f (t)] = sen
w 4

1 w
F [f (t)] = SA
2 4
GRAFICANDO:

2
2. Calcule x[n] = 2−|n| ∗ u−1 [n]

Solución:

x[n] = 2−|n| ∗ u−1 [n]

Aplicando Transformada Z:

Z[x[n]] = Z[2−|n| ].Z[u−1 [n]]

∞ ∞
X X 1 2z
• Z[2 −|n|
]= −n
2 .z −n
= (2z)−n = 1 =
n=0 n=0
1 − 2z 2z − 1

∞ ∞
X
−n
X 1 z
• Z[u−1 [n]] = u−1 (n).z = z −n = 1 =
n=0 n=0
1− z
z−1

Dominio: 0 < z < 1/2 y 0 < z < 1 → 0 < z < 1/2

Aplicando transformada inversa:

2z 2
Z −1 [x[n]] = Z −1 [ ]
(2z − 1)(z − 1)

2z 2 .z n−1 dz
I
1
x[n] =
2πj z=c (2z − 1)(z − 1)

2z n−1 dz
I
1
x[n] =
2πj z=c (2z − 1)(z − 1)
n+1
2( 21 ) n
para z = 1/2 → 2πjlimz→1/2 −1/2
= 2πj(−2)( 12 )

n+1
para z = 1 → 2πjlimz→1 2(1)1 = 2πj2

1
∴ x[n] = ( )n−1 − 2
2

3
3. Calcule F (w) para las siguientes funciones:
1
a) f (t) = (t2 +1)(t2 +4)
+ Gτ (t) ∗ Gτ (t)
b) f (t) = e−t cost ; |t| < π y f (t + 2π) = f (t)

Solución:

a)

1
f (t) = + Gτ (t) ∗ Gτ (t)
(t2 + 1)(t2 + 4)
Hacemos:

f (t) = g(t) + h(t)

• Para g(t) :

1 1 1
F [g(t)] = F [( − ) ]
t2 + 1 t2 + 4 3

1 1 1 1 2
F [g(t)] = F [ 2 − F[ 2 ]
3 t +1 3 t +4 2
Sabemos:

a
f (t) = → F [f (t)] = πe−a|w|
t2 + a2
Entonces:

1 1
F [g(t)] = πe−|w| − πe−2|w|
3 6

• Para h(t) :
Sabemos:

F [f ∗ g] = F [f ]F [g]

tambien:


F [Gτ (t)] = τ Sa( )
2
Entonces:

4
wτ 2
F [h(t)] = (τ Sa( ))
2

1 1 wτ
∴ F [f (t)] = πe−|w| − πe−2|w| + τ 2 Sa2 ( )
3 6 2
b)

f (t) = e−t cost

f (t) = e−t costg2π (t)

Derivando:

f 0 (t) = e−t cost[δ(t + π) − δ(t − π)] + (e−t cost)0 g2π (t)

Vemos:
Z π
1
2
−n Cn = f 00 (t)e−jnt dt
2π −π

(−1)n
Cn = senhπ
4n2 − 1

X
∴ F (w) = 2π Cn δ(w − n)
−∞

4. Use el método de Modulación en el tiempo, para determinar la serie compleja


de Fourier de la función f y evalúe la suma S.
La regla de correspondecia de la función f , está dada por:

f (t) = 15t4 − 30π 2 t2 + 7π 4 ; f (t + 2π) = f (t) ; |t| < π


1 1 1
S =1+ 8
+ 8 + 8 + ...
2 3 4
Solución:

5
1
5. Usando la transformación w = z + z
, grafique las imagenes de:
Solución:

a) (x2 + y 2 )(x + 2y − 23 ) = 2y − x
b) (x2 + y 2 )(x − y − 1) = −x − y

Solución:

1
Tenemos: w = z + z

Sabemos: w = U + iV

Ademas: z = x + iy

1 x − iy
U + iV = x + iy +
x + iy x − iy

x − iy
U + iV = x + iy +
x2 + y 2

x y
U + iV = x + + i(y − 2 )
x2 +y 2 x + y2
Entonces:

x x3 + xy 2 + x
• U =x+ =
x2 + y 2 x2 + y 2

y y 3 − yx2 − y
• V =y− =
x2 + y 2 x2 + y 2
a)

3
(x2 + y 2 )(x + 2y − ) = 2y − x
2

3 3
x3 + 2yx2 − x2 + y 2 x + 2y 3 − y 2 = 2y − x
2 2

3
x3 + xy 2 + x + 2(y 3 + yx2 − y) = (x2 + y 2 )
2

x3 + xy 2 + x 2(y 3 + yx2 − y) 3
2 2
+ 2 2
=
x +y x +y 2

6
3
U + 2V =
2

b)

(x2 + y 2 )(x − y − 1) = −x − y

−x2 + x3 − x2 y + y 2 x − y 3 − y 2 = −x − y

x3 + y 2 x + x − (y 3 + x2 y − y) = x2 + y 2

x3 + xy 2 + x (y 3 + yx2 − y)
− =1
x2 + y 2 x2 + y 2

U −V =1

7
6. Determine la representación en serie de Fourier de la corriente en estado esta-
cionario de un circuito RLC en serie. Si R = 100Ω, C = 10−2 F , L = 10H
y (
100t(π 2 − t2 ); para − π ≤ t ≤ π
E(t) =
E(t + 2π), ∀t

Solución:

Sea el circuito:

Vemos:

8
Z
1
0
E = LI + Idt + RI
C

I
E 0 = LI 00 + + RI 0
C

I0
E 00 = LI 000 + + RI 00
C
(
100t(π 2 − t2 ); para − π ≤ t ≤ π
E(t) =
E(t + 2π), ∀t
(
100π 2 − 300t2 ); para − π ≤ t ≤ π
E 0 (t) =
E 0 (t + 2π), ∀t
(
−600t); para − π ≤ t ≤ π
E 00 (t) =
E 00 (t + 2π), ∀t

Ahora E 00 (t) = H(t)

Tenemos:

H(t) = 600πµ−1 (t + π) − 600µ−2 (t + π) + 600µ−2 (t − π) + 600πµ−1 (t − π)

9
H 00 (t) = 600πδ 0 (t + π) − 600δ(t + π) + 600δ(t − π) + 600πδ 0 (t − π)

Expresando como Serie de Fourier


a0 X
f (t) = + (an cosnw0 t + bn sennw0 t)
2 n=1

Donde: w0 = 1

Como la función es impar → an = 0

Entonces:
Z T /2
2
−n 2
w02 bn = H 00 (t)senw0 tndt
T −T /2

Z π
2
2
−n bn = 600πδ 0 (t+π)−600δ(t+π)+600δ(t−π)+600πδ 0 (t−π)senw0 tndt
2π −π

Z Z Z Z
1
−n bn = [ 600πδ (t+π)sentn− 600δ(t+π)sentn+ 600δ(t−π)sentn+ 600πδ 0 (t−π)sent
2 0
π

Aplicando:
Z
δ(t − t0 )φ(t)dt = φ(t0 )

Z
δ n (t − t0 )φ(t)dt = (−1)n φn (t0 )

Entonces:

1
−n2 bn = [1200π(−1)n+1 n]
π

1200(−1)n
bn =
n
Reemplazando en la Serie de Fourier


X 1200(−1)n
H(t) = senntdt
n=1
n

10

00
X 1200(−1)n
E (t) = senntdt
n=1
n

X 1200(−1)n ∞
3D 2
I(LD + RD + ) = senntdt
C n=1
n


3 2
X 1200(−1)n
I(10D + 100D + 100D) = senntdt
n=1
n


X 120(−1)n Dsenntdt
I=
n=1
n D.D(D2 + 10D + 10)


X 120(−1)n ncosntdt
I=
n=1
n −n2 (−n2 + 10n + 10)


X 120(−1)n−1 cosnt(10D − (10 − n2 ))
I=
n=1
n2 −100n2 − (10 − n2 )2


X 120(−1)n−1 10nsen(nt) + (10 − n2 )cosnt
∴I=
n=1
n2 (100n2 + (10 − n2 )2 )

7. Use la transformada de Fourier para evaluar la siguiente integral:


Z ∞  
senm(x − a) senm(x − b)
dx ; m ≥ n ≥ 0; a, b ∈ R y a 6= b
−∞ x−a x−b

Solución:

sent
g(t) =
t

senmt
g(mt) =
mt

sen(m(t − a))
g(m(t − a)) =
m(t − a)
Aplicando Fourier:

1 w
F (g(m(t − a)) = F ( )e−jwa
m m

11
sent
como g(t) = t
→ F (w) = πGτ (w)
Tenemos:

1 w
• F (g(m(t − a)) = G( )e−jwa
m m

1 w
• F (g(m(t − b)) = G( )e−jwb
m m
como F (g(m(t − a)g(m(t − a)) = 1
2πm2
w
(G( m )e−jwa w
∗ G( m )e−jwb )

Entonces:


sen(m(t − a)) sen(m(t − b)) −jwt
Z
. e dt
−∞ m(t − a) m(t − b)
para w = 0


sen(m(t − a)) sen(m(t − b))
Z

. = sen(m(a − b))
−∞ m(t − a) m(t − b) a−b

sen(m(x − a)) sen(m(x − b))
Z

∴ . = sen(m(a − b))
−∞ (x − a) (x − b) a−b

8. Utilice la transformada de Fourier para resolver el problema de valor de fron-


tera que se plantea. Determine la temperatura u(x, t) en una varilla semiin-
finita si u(0, t) = u0 , t > 0 y u(x, 0) = 0, x > 0.

Solución:

Sea la solución:


X nπx
u(x, t) = (Bn cos(λnt) + Bn∗ sen(λnt))sen
n=1
L

En el dato u(x, 0) = 0 → Bn = 0

Calculando Bn∗ :


X nπx
Bn∗ sen = u0
n=1
L

12

w0 = T

LimT →∞ 2π
T
= 0 = u0

Aplicando Transformada de Fourier para hallar Cn y bn :

Cn = −b2n j
bn = Bn∗

Se cumple:


X
F (u0 ) = u0 (2πδ(w)) = 2π Cn δ(w − nw0 )
−∞


X
u0 δ(w) = Cn δ(w − nw0 )
−∞

Reemplazando en w0 :


X
u0 δ(w) = Cn δ(w) → u0 = Cn
−∞

Entonces:

13
−2u0 ∗
bn = Bn
j

X nπx
∴ u(x, t) = (−2u0 jsen(λnt))sen
n=1
L

14

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