Lab 2 Analog Input and Output: Components

LAB 2 ANALOG INPUT AND OUTPUT
Components:
Experiment 1 :
1 x Arduino microcontroller board
Experiment 2 :
1 x LED
1 x 330 ohm resistor
Experiment 3:
1 x LDR
1 x 10kohm resistor
Experiment 4:
1 x Potentiometer
1 x LED
1 x 330 ohm resistor
Procedure:
Experiment 1: Arduino Read and Write using Serial Communication
Build a program which receive the character value from Serial Monitor and Return the value back
to Serial Monitor.
Steps:
1. Connect Arduino
2. Upload the following program.
3. Open Serial Monitor.( Sellect Both NL &CR and select the right Baud Rate)
4. Insert character and check the return character.
A. Hardware setup
B. Software setup
void setup() {
Serial.begin(4800); //set baud rate to 4800 bps
Serial.println("Data Available:"); //print sentences once
1
}
void loop() {
if(Serial.available()) //check if serial data available

{
delay(10);
char data=Serial.read(); // read serial. store in 'data'
Serial.print(data); // print 'data' value
} //repeat loop
}
Procedure:
Experiment 2: Lighting LED using PWM
Build a program using any PWM pins to demonstrate the brightness control of LED. Write the
PWM value on Serial Monitor.
A. Hardware setup
B. Software setup
const int analogOutPin = 9; // Analog output pin that the LED is attached to
int outputValue = 0; // value output to the PWM (analog out)
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
for (int i=0; i<255;i++)
{
analogWrite(analogOutPin, i);
Serial.println(i);
delay(5);
}
for (int i=255; i>0;i--)
{
analogWrite(analogOutPin, i);
Serial.println(i);
delay(5);
}
2
Procedure:
Experiment 3: Reading Analog Value using LDR
Read the Analog value from pin A0 and write the value on the serial monitor with Baud rate 9600.
A. Hardware setup
B. Software setup
void setup() {
// initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second:
Serial.begin(9600);
}
// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:

void loop() {
// read the input on analog pin 0:
int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
// print out the value you read:
Serial.println(sensorValue);
delay(1); // delay in between reads for stability
}
Experiment 4: LED brightness manipulator using Potentiometer
Build a program to manipulate the brightness of LED using Potentiometer as the

manipulator. Print the sensor value and output value accordingly.
A. Hardware setup
3
Analog input, analog output, serial output
Reads an analog input pin, maps the result to a range from 0 to 255
and uses the result to set the pulsewidth modulation (PWM) of an output pin.
Also prints the results to the serial monitor.
The circuit:
* potentiometer connected to analog pin 0.
Center pin of the potentiometer goes to the analog pin.
side pins of the potentiometer go to +5V and ground
* LED connected from digital pin 11 to ground
B. Software setup
const int analogInPin = A0; // Analog input pin that the potentiometer is
attached
const int analogOutPin = 11; // Analog output pin that the LED is attached to
int sensorValue = 0; // value read from the pot

int outputValue = 0; // value output to the PWM (analog out)
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); // initialize serial communications at 9600 bps:
}
void loop() {
sensorValue = analogRead(analogInPin); // read the analog in value:
// map it to the range of the analog out:

outputValue = map(sensorValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255);
// change the analog out value:
analogWrite(analogOutPin, outputValue);
4
// print the results to the serial monitor:
Serial.print("sensor = ");
Serial.print(sensorValue);
Serial.print("\t output = ");
Serial.println(outputValue);
// wait 2 milliseconds before the next loop

// for the analog-to-digital converter to settle
// after the last reading:
delay(2);
Lab Report and Assessment
Build a system which automatically control the brightness of 3 LEDs using LDR to simulate
the Street Light system (which brighter when surrounding is dark).
Then, Include a potentiometer to manually control the brightness as a manual brightness
control setting.
The auto mode (mode 1) and manual mode (mode 2) is toggled using Serial input.
Display operation mode and brightness value on the serial monitor.
The report need to be submitted during the following week before the class begin.
The report should consist of
1. Introduction
2. Schematics
3. Flowchart
4. Discussion
5. Conclusion
(page1: cover page, names, page2: intro and schematics, page3: code flowchart, page 4:
discussion n conclusion)

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LAB 2 ANALOG INPUT AND OUTPUT

Experiment 1: Arduino Read and Write using Serial Communication

if(Serial.available()) //check if serial data available

Experiment 2: Lighting LED using PWM

Experiment 3: Reading Analog Value using LDR

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:

Experiment 4: LED brightness manipulator using Potentiometer

Build a program to manipulate the brightness of LED using Potentiometer as the

int sensorValue = 0; // value read from the pot

// map it to the range of the analog out:

// wait 2 milliseconds before the next loop

Lab Report and Assessment

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