REAFFIRMATION with EDITORIAL REVISION

Coatings Sample

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CTSL1000

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Application of Internal Linings

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 PURPOSE AND USE OF PROCESS INDUSTRY PRACTICES

In an effort to minimize the cost of process industry facilities, this Practice has
been prepared from the technical requirements in the existing standards of major

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industrial users, contractors, or standards organizations. By harmonizing these technical
requirements into a single set of Practices, administrative, application, and engineering
costs to both the purchaser and the manufacturer should be reduced. While this Practice

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is expected to incorporate the majority of requirements of most users, individual
applications may involve requirements that will be appended to and take precedence

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over this Practice. Determinations concerning fitness for purpose and particular matters
or application of the Practice to particular project or engineering situations should not

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be made solely on information contained in these materials. The use of trade names
from time to time should not be viewed as an expression of preference but rather

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recognized as normal usage in the trade. Other brands having the same specifications
are equally correct and may be substituted for those named. All Practices or guidelines

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are intended to be consistent with applicable laws and regulations including OSHA
requirements. To the extent these Practices or guidelines should conflict with OSHA or
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other applicable laws or regulations, such laws or regulations must be followed.
Consult an appropriate professional before applying or acting on any material
contained in or suggested by the Practice.
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This Practice is subject to revision at any time.

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© Process Industry Practices (PIP), Construction Industry Institute, The University of

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Texas at Austin, 3925 West Braker Lane (R4500), Austin, Texas 78759. PIP member
companies and subscribers may copy this Practice for their internal use. Changes or
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modifications of any kind are not permitted within any PIP Practice without the express
written authorization of PIP. Authorized Users may attach addenda or overlays to clearly
indicate modifications or exceptions to specific sections of PIP Practices. Authorized
Users may provide their clients, suppliers and contractors with copies of the Practice
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solely for Authorized Users’ purposes. These purposes include but are not limited to the
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procurement process (e.g., as attachments to requests for quotation/ purchase orders or

requests for proposals/contracts) and preparation and issue of design engineering
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deliverables for use on a specific project by Authorized User’s client. PIP’s copyright
notices must be clearly indicated and unequivocally incorporated in documents where an
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Authorized User desires to provide any third party with copies of the Practice.

PRINTING HISTORY
August 2003 Issued June 2007 Editorial Revision
August 2006 Technical Revision October 2010 Reaffirmation with Editorial Revision

Not printed with State funds

 REAFFIRMATION with EDITORIAL REVISION
October 2010

Coatings

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PIP CTSL1000

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Application of Internal Linings

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Table of Contents
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1. Introduction................................. 2 Data Forms
1.1 Purpose ............................................ 2 CTSL1000-D1 – Documentation
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1.2 Scope ............................................... 2 Requirements Sheet

The following data forms shall be part of this
2. References .................................. 2 practice only if indicated on the purchaser's
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2.1 Process Industry Practices .............. 2 completed Documentation Requirements Sheet.

2.2 Industry Codes and Standards ........ 2
2.3 Other References ............................. 3 CTSL1000-D2 – Lining Selection Criteria –
User Defined
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3. Definitions ................................... 3 CTSL1000-D3 –Internal Lining System

Data Sheet
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CTSL1000-F – Daily Inspection Report

4. Requirements.............................. 4
CTSL1000-T – Inspection and Testing
4.1 Project Scope ................................... 4
Requirements Sheet
4.2 Selection Requirements and Internal
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Lining Systems ................................. 4

4.3 General ............................................ 4
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4.4 Climatic Condition Control ............... 5

4.5 Surface Preparation ......................... 6
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4.6 Application ....................................... 7

4.7 Inspection ....................................... 10
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4.8 Documentation ............................... 11

4.9 Shipping, Handling, and Storage ... 11

Appendix A - Figures

Process Industry Practices Page 1 of 11

PIP CTSL1000 REAFFIRMATION WITH EDITORIAL REVISION
Application of Internal Linings October 2010

1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose
This Practice provides requirements for installing industrial linings.
1.2 Scope
This Practice describes the general requirements for surface preparation,

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environmental control, and the installation and inspection of liquid-applied internal
linings to metal substrates. This Practice does not cover sheet linings and application

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of linings to piping.

2. References

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Applicable parts of the following Practices, industry codes and standards, and references shall

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be considered an integral part of this Practice. The edition in effect on the date of contract
awards shall be used, except as otherwise noted. Short titles are used herein where

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appropriate.

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2.1 Process Industry Practices (PIP)
– PIP VESV1003 – Fabrication Requirements for Welded Vessels and Tanks to
be Lined
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2.2 Industry Codes and Standards
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• American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

– ASTM D3359 – Standard Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
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– ASTM D4285 – Standard Test Methods for Indicating Oil or Water in

Compressed Air
– ASTM D4417 – Standard Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface
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Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel

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– ASTM D4541 – Standard Test Methods for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings

Using Portable Adhesion Testers
– ASTM E337 – Standard Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a
Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Temperatures)
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• International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

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– ISO 2178 – Non-magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates - Measurement of

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coating thickness - Magnetic method

– ISO 2360 – Non-conductive coatings on non-magnetic electrically conductive
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basis materials - Measurement of coating thickness - Amplitude-sensitive eddy

current method
– ISO 2409 – Paints and varnishes - Cross-cut test
– ISO 4624 – Paints and varnishes Pull-off test for adhesion
– ISO 4677-2 – Atmospheres for conditioning and testing - Determination of
relative humidity - Part 2: Whirling psychrometer method

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 REAFFIRMATION WITH EDITORIAL REVISION PIP CTSL1000
October 2010 Application of Internal Linings

– ISO 8501-1 – Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints

and Related Products - Visual Assessment of Surface Cleanliness - Part 1:
Rust Grades and Preparation Grades of Uncoated Steel Substrates and of
Steel Substrates After Overall Removal of Previous Coatings
– ISO 8503-5 – Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints
and Related Products - Surface Roughness Characteristics of Blast-Cleaned
Steel Substrates - Part 5: Replica tape method for the determination of the

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surface profile
– ISO 8504-2 – Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints

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and Related Products - Surface Preparation Methods - Part 2: Abrasive
Blast-Cleaning-second edition

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– ISO 8504-3 – Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints
and Related Products - Surface Preparation Methods - Part 3: Hand- and

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Power-Tool Cleaning First Edition
– ISO 8573 – Compressed air

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– ISO 11126 – Preparation of Steel Substrates Before Application of Paints and
Related Products - Surface Preparation Methods (10 Parts)

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– ISO 12944-4 – Paints and Varnishes - Corrosion Protection of Steel
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Structures by Protective Paint Systems - Part 4: Types of Surface and Surface
Preparation
• Steel Structures Painting Council (SSPC)
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– SSPC-AB1 – Mineral and Slag Abrasives

– SSPC-PA2 – Measurement of Dry Paint Thickness with Magnetic Gages
Measurement of Dry Coating Thickness with Magnetic Gages
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– SSPC-PA Guide 3 – A Guide to Safety in Paint Application

– SSPC-SP1 – Solvent Cleaning
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– SSPC-SP2 – Hand Tool Cleaning

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– SSPC-SP5/NACE No. 1 – White Metal Blast Cleaning

– SSPC-SP7/NACE No. 4 – Brush-Off Blast Cleaning
– SSPC-VIS 1-89 – Visual Standard for Abrasive Blast Cleaned Steel (Standard
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Reference Photographs)
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2.3 Other References

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• National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

– NIOSH Publication No. 92-102 – NIOSH Alert: Request for Assistance in
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Preventing Silicosis and Deaths from Sandblasting

3. Definitions
CS: Carbon and low-alloy steel

SS: Austenitic stainless steel

nonferrous: Copper, aluminum, and nickel base alloys

Process Industry Practices Page 3 of 11

PIP CTSL1000 REAFFIRMATION WITH EDITORIAL REVISION
Application of Internal Linings October 2010

owner: The party who owns the facility wherein the lining will be used

purchaser: The party who awards the contract to the supplier. The purchaser may be the
owner or the owner’s authorized agent

inspector: The purchaser’s authorized representative with authority to act in the interest of,
and on behalf of, the purchaser in quality assurance matters.

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supplier: The party responsible for providing and/or installing the lining system

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4. Requirements

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4.1 Project Scope
4.1.1 Documents required to define the scope of the work are listed on purchaser’s

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PIP CTSL1000-D1 Documentation Requirements Sheet.

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4.1.2 Systems requiring additional coating specifications beyond this Practice and
referenced data sheets shall be in accordance with purchaser’s contract

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documents.

4.2
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Selection Requirements and Internal Lining Systems
4.2.1 PIP CTSL1000-D2 Lining Criteria Selection Sheet shall be used for selecting
the appropriate coating.
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4.2.2 PIP CTSL1000-D3 Internal Lining Systems Data Sheet shall be used to
define specific requirements for each lining system.
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4.3 General
4.3.1 Condition of Surfaces to be Lined
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4.3.1.1 PIP VESV1003 defines the details to be followed in fabricating a

vessel that is to be lined.
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4.3.1.2 The inspector shall verify that the vessel surfaces to be lined are in
accordance with the requirements of PIP VESV1003.
4.3.2 Conflicts, Exceptions, and Deviations
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4.3.2.1 All conflicts between the referenced documents and this Practice
shall be submitted in writing to the purchaser for clarification and
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resolution before proceeding with the lining application.

4.3.2.2 All exceptions, deviations, and substitutions to the requirements
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specified herein and in referenced documents shall be approved by

the purchaser.
4.3.3 Regulations and Material Safety Data Sheets
4.3.3.1 Protective linings shall be in accordance with all applicable federal,
state, and local codes and regulations on surface preparation, lining
application, storage, handling, safety, and environmental
requirements, including the recommendations of SSPC-PA Guide 3.

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 REAFFIRMATION WITH EDITORIAL REVISION PIP CTSL1000
October 2010 Application of Internal Linings

4.3.3.2 The latest issue of the lining manufacturer’s product data sheets,
application instructions, and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)
shall be available at the lining site and complied with during lining
operations.
4.3.4 Surfaces not Lined
4.3.4.1 The following surfaces shall not be lined, unless otherwise specified:

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a. Nonferrous metals
b. Galvanized or metallized surfaces

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c. Nonmetallic
4.3.4.2 The following surfaces shall not be lined and shall be protected from

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surface preparation and lining activity in the area:

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a. Sacrificial anodes

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b. Resilient seal materials
4.3.5 Precautions for Stainless Steel and Nonferrous Metals

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4.3.5.1 All SS and nonferrous metals shall be protected from blasting,
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overspray, and linings intended for CS, especially linings that
contain zinc.
4.3.5.2 Abrasives for use on SS shall be in accordance with SSPC-AB1
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[ISO 11126, natural abrasives (except silica sand), coal furnace slag,
and fused aluminum oxide] and shall be free of metals.
4.3.5.3 Linings and solvents for use on SS and nonferrous metals shall be
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free of substances (e.g., chlorides, sulfur, halogens, or metallic

pigments) that can harmfully affect SS or nonferrous metals.
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4.4 Climatic Condition Control

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4.4.1 Factors Affecting Application

4.4.1.1 Temperature
Unless otherwise specified by the lining manufacturer, linings shall
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not be applied if:

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a. Temperature of steel or lining material is less than 10°C (50°F).

b. Air temperature is less than 10°C (50°F) or greater than 49°C
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(120°F).
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c. Surface temperature is expected to drop to 10°C (50°F) or less

before lining has cured if low temperature can be detrimental to
the lining.
4.4.1.2 Moisture
a. Linings shall not be applied in rain, snow, fog, or mist.
b. Linings shall not be applied if steel surface temperature is less
than 3°C (5°F) greater than the dew point.

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PIP CTSL1000 REAFFIRMATION WITH EDITORIAL REVISION
Application of Internal Linings October 2010

c. Linings shall not be applied to surfaces that show visible traces

of moisture as condensation or precipitation.
4.4.1.3 Humidity
The manufacturer's instructions shall be followed regarding
acceptable humidity range for application and curing of moisture-
cured linings.

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4.4.1.4 Measure of Ambient Conditions
a. Measurements of temperature, humidity, and dew point shall be

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taken inside the equipment to be lined at the beginning of each
workday and every 4 hours thereafter or sooner if weather
conditions appear to be changing.

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b. Dew point temperature shall be determined by sling

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psychrometer in accordance with ASTM E337 or ISO 4677-2, at
the location where work is being performed.

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c. A record of these measurements shall be kept, indicating the
wet- and dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity, dew point,

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and surface temperature of the metal of items lined.
4.4.2 Dehumidification
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4.4.2.1 Dehumidification equipment shall, as a minimum, have the capacity to:
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a. Depress the air dew point in the equipment being lined to 6°C
(10°F) less than ambient temperature within 20 minutes.
b. Affect an air change rate of three times per hour, unless particle
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loading is unusually high. See SSPC-PA Guide 3 for regulation.

4.4.2.2 If the selected dehumidifier can reduce air dew point by greater than
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6°C (10°F), the air change rate can be reduced. If the dehumidifier
cannot reduce the dew point by a minimum of 6°C (10°F), more air
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shall be used.
4.4.2.3 The following critical measurements shall be taken on a regular basis
at a frequency to be determined by the purchaser:
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a. Ambient dew point (air entering the dehumidifier)

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b. Dew point of air leaving the humidifier

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c. Dew point of air inside the tank near metal surface

d. Surface temperature of the substrate
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4.5 Surface Preparation

4.5.1 Precleaning
4.5.1.1 Before blasting, oil, tar, grease, salt, and other contaminants shall be
removed from the surfaces to be lined.
4.5.1.2 Hydrocarbon removal shall be accomplished by solvent cleaning
(SSPC SP1 or ISO 12944-4), power brush (SSPC SP2 or ISO St 2)
high-pressure water, or steam cleaning using proper chemicals.

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 REAFFIRMATION WITH EDITORIAL REVISION PIP CTSL1000
October 2010 Application of Internal Linings

4.5.1.3 Cleaning shall be followed by a freshwater rinse to ensure complete

removal of soluble salts and cleaning chemicals.
4.5.1.4 If the entire tank is to be lined, all rafters, supports, and
superstructure shall be included in the cleaning process.
4.5.1.5 A “black light” shall be used to locate hydrocarbon contaminants.
4.5.1.6 If lining the bottom of a floating roof tank, before blasting begins,

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the underside of the roof and 7-feet up the tank wall shall receive a
brush blast (SSPC-SP7/NACE No. 4 or ISO Sa 1) to remove
contaminants and loose scale.

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4.5.2 Abrasive Blast Cleaning

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4.5.2.1 Compressed air supply used for blasting shall be free of water and
oil. Adequate separators and traps shall be provided and kept empty.

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4.5.2.2 Abrasive shall be selected to produce a necessary profile or anchor

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pattern for lining to be applied. Abrasive shall be free of
contaminants, such as water-soluble salts, dirt, clay, oil, and grease.

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4.5.2.3 Silica or other abrasive substances containing greater than 1 percent
crystalline silica shall not be used as an abrasive blasting material.
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Refer to NIOSH Publication No. 92-102.
4.5.2.4 Blasting shall not be permitted if metal surfaces are less than 3°C
(5°F) greater than the dew point.
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4.5.2.5 Abrasive blast cleaning shall be to a white metal finish and shall be
in accordance with SSPC-SP5/NACE No. 1 or ISO Sa 3.
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4.6 Application
4.6.1 General
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4.6.1.1 Lining materials and thicknesses shall be as listed in

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PIP CTSL1000-D3 Internal Lining Systems Data Sheet.

4.6.1.2 Lining materials shall be furnished in the manufacturer’s unopened
containers, shall be clearly marked, and shall be kept covered, clean,
and protected.
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4.6.1.3 Blasted surfaces shall be absolutely clean and dry before the
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application of the first coat.

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4.6.1.4 Spent blast media shall either be removed or adequately covered

before lining to prevent contamination of the surface to be lined.
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4.6.1.5 Workers shall take precautions (changing or dusting shoes and

removing abrasive from pant cuffs) to ensure that cleanliness is
maintained throughout the entire lining operation.
4.6.1.6 If the prepared surface becomes dirty or rusty before the first prime
coat is applied, the surface shall be recleaned to a degree that was
initially specified.

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PIP CTSL1000 REAFFIRMATION WITH EDITORIAL REVISION
Application of Internal Linings October 2010

4.6.1.7 When designated on PIP CTSL1000-D3, welds and edges shall be

welds and edges shall be striped with primer by brush application
before the application of the first prime coat.
4.6.1.8 Before the application of any coat, damage to the previous coat shall
be repaired with a corresponding specified material.
4.6.1.9 Lined surfaces, including striping and repair, shall be thoroughly dry
and clean before the application of subsequent coats in accordance

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with the manufacturer’s recommendation for recoat time.
4.6.1.10 When the allowable dry film thickness range is not defined on

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PIP CTSL1000-D3, the range defined by the lining manufacturer on
the product sheet shall be used.

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4.6.1.11 The recoat time between coats shall be that recommended by the

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manufacturer for any given temperature.
4.6.1.12 Thinning shall not be greater than the maximum allowable volatile

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organic compound (VOC) level for the lining involved.

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4.6.2 Preparation of Lining Materials
4.6.2.1 Lining materials shall be stirred or mechanically agitated to ensure
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that pigments, vehicles, and activators are thoroughly mixed. If
required by the manufacturer, linings shall be continuously stirred by
mechanical agitators.
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4.6.2.2 Lining materials shall be thinned only with thinner that is

recommended by the manufacturer and in quantities that are not
greater than the manufacturer’s recommendation.
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4.6.2.3 All mixing shall be done in clean containers that are free from traces
of grease, paints, and other contaminants. After mixing, the
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containers shall be kept covered to prevent contamination.

4.6.2.4 The mixing of partial kits is not permitted.
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4.6.2.5 Inorganic zinc primers and all pigmented lining materials shall be
strained before the application in accordance with the lining
manufacturer’s written instructions.
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4.6.2.6 Tinting for color contrast of the primer and midcoat is not permitted.
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4.6.2.7 Pot life shall not be greater than the limits specified by the
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manufacturer.
4.6.2.8 Materials that have exceeded the lining manufacturer’s
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recommended shelf life shall not be used.

4.6.3 Thick Film Reinforced Systems
4.6.3.1 Putty/Caulking Application
1. Application may be by spray or putty knife and shall include
chine, bottom plate seams, the bottom of sumps, and along the
column bases.

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 REAFFIRMATION WITH EDITORIAL REVISION PIP CTSL1000
October 2010 Application of Internal Linings

2. Putty used shall be compatible with the resin system as

recommended by the manufacturer.
3. Large projections and lap joints on welded plates to be lined
shall be filled with putty to smooth out the surface and permit
complete contact with the laminate system. See Appendix A,
Figures 1 and 5.
4. Chine or bottom angle shall be filled with putty and covered to a

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smooth 75-mm (3-inch) radius to permit contact with the
laminate system. See Appendix A, Figure 3.

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5. Riveted seams, lap joints, and chine angle plates shall be filled
with putty and smoothed out to obtain complete contact with the

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laminate system. See Appendix A, Figures 2 and 4.

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4.6.3.2 Columns, Support Legs, Sumps, Etc.
1. For tanks on which the column base is not fixed or attached to

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the bottom by welds, a striker plate and resin laminate patch
shall be placed under the column base as follows:

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a. Plates shall be installed under fixed roof tanks one at a time.
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No fixed roof support shall be raised while another is on the
jack.
b. Tack welds and/or guides shall be removed to free the
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column base and to provide a smooth tank bottom.

c. The column base shall be jacked up in accordance with
instructions that are detailed in Appendix A, Figures 5, 6,
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and 7.
d. If a lining system is used without reinforcing, the “lining
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system” shall be inserted into Step 6 instead of “reinforced

laminate” in Appendix A, Figure 5.
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2. Striker plate for support legs on floating roof tanks shall be

placed as follows:
a. Tanks typically have a stationary striker plate with a
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circumferential fillet weld as part of the original

construction. See Appendix A, Figures 5, 6, and 7. If this
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stationary plate is not a part of the design, Step 5 and Step 6

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shall be eliminated, and reinforced laminate or lining

system shall be applied directly to the blasted and primed
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steel bottom, ensuring that it extends 300 mm (12 inches)

onto the floor. Steps shown in Appendix A, Figure 7 shall
then be continued.
b. The auxiliary striker plate shall be blasted, primed, and
placed into wet laminate. Support legs shall be lowered
onto the auxiliary striker plate when the resin starts to gel.

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PIP CTSL1000 REAFFIRMATION WITH EDITORIAL REVISION
Application of Internal Linings October 2010

c. Hollow legs shall be wrapped with plastic, secured to

prevent dripping during the transfer to a temporary support,
and then raised.
d. Reinforced laminate or lining system shall extend a
minimum of 300 mm (12 inches) in all directions from the
striker plate such that there is a 75-mm (3-inch) overlap
when the lay-up operation is continued across the floor.

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3. Sumps shall receive a reinforcement layer across the bottom, up
sides, and 150 mm (6 inches) to 300 mm (12 inches) onto the

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floor.
4. Additional layers of laminate shall be installed onto the tank

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bottom as follows:

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a. Under the gage hatch, 1.2 m by 1.2 m (4 ft by 4 ft) area
b. Fill line outlet, 1.2 m by 1.2 m (4 ft by 4 ft) area

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c. Swing the line arresting chain of floating roof tanks, 1 m by

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4 m (3 ft by 12 ft) area
4.6.4 Repair of Linings om
4.4.4.1 After inspection, if the lining thickness is deemed to be insufficient,
necessary additional lining to achieve the required film thickness
shall be applied.
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4.4.4.2 If the lining is too thick and detrimental to the integrity of the
system, the excess lining shall be sanded off to the required film
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thickness.
4.6.4.3 If abrasive or other contaminants have contaminated the lining, the
lining shall be repaired in accordance with the lining manufacturer’s
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written recommendation.
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4.6.4.4 If improperly mixed linings (e.g., wrong catalyst or no catalyst) are

applied, the lining shall be removed and the surface restored to the
originally specified condition.
4.6.4.5 Holidays shall be repaired in accordance with the lining
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manufacturers recommended procedure.

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4.7 Inspection
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4.7.1 General
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4.7.1.1 Inspections and tests shall be performed in accordance with

purchaser’s PIP CTSL000-T Inspection and Testing Requirements
Sheet to ensure that the surface preparation and lining application are
in accordance with the requirements of this Practice.
4.7.1.2 Unless otherwise specified on purchaser’s PIP CTSL1000-T
Inspection and Testing Requirements Sheet, the lining shall be
holiday free.

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 REAFFIRMATION WITH EDITORIAL REVISION PIP CTSL1000
October 2010 Application of Internal Linings

4.7.2 Inspection Hold Points

4.7.2.1 Hold Point (H)
1. A hold point (H) is the notification that a shop process is ready
for purchaser’s inspection and to hold any further application
until inspection has occurred.
2. Hold points shall be provided in accordance with purchaser’s

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PIP CTSL1000-T Inspection and Testing Requirements Sheet.
4.7.2.2. Witness Point (W)

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1. A witness point (W) is an observation by purchaser’s inspector
of the actual test as it is being performed. Application may

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proceed if purchaser’s inspector is not present and was given
proper notification.

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2. Witness points shall be provided in accordance with purchaser’s

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PIP CTSL1000-T Inspection and Testing Requirements Sheet.

4.8 Documentation

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4.8.1 A PIP CTSL1000-F Daily Inspection Report shall be completed for each
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work shift.
4.8.2 If approved by purchaser, supplier’s forms may be used.
4.8.3 A log shall be maintained of all reports, inspections, and tests including date,
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time, and results of instrument calibrations.

4.9 Shipping, Handling, and Storage

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4.9.1 Lined items shall not be handled or moved until all linings have been
properly dried or cured in accordance with the lining manufacturer’s
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instructions.
4.9.2 Lined items shall be handled with equipment (e.g., wide belt slings, web
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belts, and wide padded skids) selected to prevent damage to the lining.
4.9.3 Handling equipment that can cause damage to the lining shall not be used.
4.9.4 Chains, cables, hooks, tongs, metal bars, and narrow skids shall not be
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permitted to come in contact with the lining.

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4.9.5 Lined items shall be loaded, padded, and secured for transport in a manner
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such that the lining cannot be damaged in transit.

4.9.6 HDPE flange protectors shall be used to protect lined flange faces. The
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protectors shall be attached by bolts.

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 REAFFIRMATION WITH EDITORIAL REVISION PIP CTSL1000
October 2010 Application of Internal Linings

Appendix A - Figures

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PIP CTSL1000 REAFFIRMATION WITH EDITORIAL REVISION
Application of Internal Linings October 2010

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Page A-2 Process Industry Practices

 ASSOC. PIP: DOCUMENTATION
CTSL1000 REQUIREMENTS SHEET PIP CTSL1000-D1

PAGE 1 OF 1
APPLICATION OF INTERNAL LININGS OCTOBER 2010

NO. DATE REVISION DESCRIPTION BY CHECKED APPROVED

PROJECT NO. PROJECT DOCUMENT NO.

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FACILITY NAME
LOCATION

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PIP DOC NUMBER/ TITLE REV DATE NOTES
PROJ DOC

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NUMBER
CTSL1000 YES NO APPLICATION OF INTERNAL LININGS

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CTSL1000-D1 YES NO DOCUMENTATION REQUIREMENTS

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CTSL1000-D2 YES NO LINING SELECTION CRITERIA - USER

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DEFINED
CTSL1000-D3 YES NO LINING SYSTEM NO.:
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SYSTEM DESCRIPTION:

CTSL1000-D3 YES NO LINING SYSTEM NO.:

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION:
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CTSL1000-D3 YES NO LINING SYSTEM NO.:

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION:
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CTSL1000-D3 YES NO LINING SYSTEM NO.:

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION:
CTSL1000-D3 YES NO LINING SYSTEM NO.:
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SYSTEM DESCRIPTION:
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CTSL1000-F YES NO DAILY INSPECTION REPORT

CTSL1000-T YES NO INSPECTION AND TESTING REQUIREMENTS

SHEET
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YES NO
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YES NO
YES NO
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YES NO
YES NO
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NOTES:
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 ASSOC. PIP:
CTSL1000 SELECTION CRITERIA SHEET PIP CTSL1000-D2

PAGE 1 OF 1
LINING SELECTION CRITERIA - USER DEFINED OCTOBER 2010

NO. DATE REVISION DESCRIPTION BY CHECKED APPROVED

PROJECT NO. PROJECT DOCUMENT NO.

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FACILITY NAME
LOCATION
SERVICE ITEM SYSTEM NUMBER GENERIC COATING REMARKS

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-N

REMARKS:
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Sa
Sa
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 ASSOC. PIP: INTERNAL LINING SYSTEMS
CTSL1000 DATA SHEET PIP CTSL1000-D3

PAGE 1 OF 2
APPLICATION OF INTERNAL LININGS OCTOBER 2010

NO. DATE REVISION DESCRIPTION BY CHECKED APPROVED

PROJECT NO. PROJECT DOCUMENT NO.

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FACILITY NAME
LOCATION

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LINING SYSTEM NO.:
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION:
SERVICE CONDITIONS: TEMPERATURE: °F ( °C) PRESSURE: psig ( kPa)

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PROCESS FLUID:
SURFACE PREPARATION:

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ABRASIVE BLAST TO SSPC SP-5/NACE 1 (SA 3) WITH A PROFILE OF MILS ( µM) TO MILS ( µM)

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SURFACES TO BE LINED:
EQUIPMENT:

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COMPONENT DESCRIPTION: NOTES:
ALL INTERNAL SURFACES
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TANKS:
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COMPONENT DESCRIPTION: NOTES:

BOTTOM YES NO
SHELL YES NO
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ROOF YES NO
YES NO
YES NO
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SYSTEM
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COAT APPLICATION MINIMUM MAXIMUM SHOP/

NO. GENERIC TYPE METHOD DFT, MILS (µM) DFT, MILS (µM) FIELD
1. ( ) ( )
2. ( ) ( )
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3. ( ) ( )
4. ( ) ( )
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TOTAL: ( ) ( )
*APPLICATION METHOD: S=SPRAY; B=BRUSH; R=ROLLER;
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DEHUMIDIFICATION
YES NO
REQUIRED:
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MIXING AND THINNING: MIX ACCORDING TO MANUFACTURER’S INSTRUCTIONS AND SSPC PA-1.
APPLICATION: APPLY ACCORDING TO MANUFACTURER’S INSTRUCTIONS AND PIP CTSL1000.
STRIPE COAT REQUIRED: YES NO
REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENTS (REINFORCED SYSTEMS ONLY):

(FORCE CURE SHALL CONFORM TO

FORCE CURE REQUIRED: YES NO
MANUFACTURER’S REQUIREMENTS)
JOB STENCIL REQUIRED: YES NO
 ASSOC. PIP: INTERNAL LINING SYSTEMS
CTSL1000 DATA SHEET PIP CTSL1000-D3

PAGE 2 OF 2
APPLICATION OF INTERNAL LININGS OCTOBER 2010

PROJECT NO. PROJECT DOCUMENT NO.

FACILITY NAME
LOCATION

LINING SYSTEM NO.:

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION:

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COAT 1 COAT 2 COAT 3
MANUFACTURER

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NOTES:
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REPAIR:
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 ASSOC. PIP:
CTSL1000 DAILY INSPECTION REPORT PIP CTSL1000-F

PAGE 1 OF 1
APPLICATION OF INTERNAL LININGS OCTOBER 2010

NO. DATE REVISION DESCRIPTION BY CHECKED APPROVED

FACILITY NAME/LOCATION:
ITEM NAME: PURCHASER/LOCATION:

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ITEM TAG NO. JOB NO.:
SERVICE: PURCHASE ORDER NO.:
UNIT: SUPPLIER/LOCATION:

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P&ID NO.: SUPPLIER /
INSTRUCTIONS:
THIS FORM SHALL BE COMPLETED FOR EACH WORK SHIFT TO VERIFY COMPLIANCE WITH THIS PRACTICE.

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RECORD UNSATISFACTORY WORK, CONDITIONS CAUSING UNSATISFACTORY WORK, AND CORRECTIVE ACTION.
ATTACH COPIES OF ALL REPLICA TAPE READINGS TAKEN.

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ATTACH ADDITIONAL SHEETS, NOTES OF MEETINGS, OR REPORTS AS NECESSARY FOR BACKUP.
SUBMIT A COPY OF ALL FORMS AND BACK-UP DOCUMENTS TO THE PURCHASER’S INSPECTOR(S).

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REPORT DATE: / /
MATERIAL LINED: CS SS OTHER:

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CONDITION START OF START OF MIDPOINT OF END OF
BLASTING WORK WORK WORK
TIME om
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE °C °F
RELATIVE HUMIDITY (%)
DEW TEMPERATURE °C °F
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SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURE °C °F
WEATHER CONDITIONS
SURFACE PREPARATION:
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CONDITION OF SURFACE BEFORE BLASTING:

METHOD OF REMOVING CONTAMINATION BEFORE BLASTING:
BLASTING METHOD: ABRASIVE TYPE: GRADE:
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DEGREE OF CLEANLINESS OBTAINED:

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ANCHOR PROFILE: µm mils METHOD OF MEASURING ANCHOR PROFILE:

APPLICATION METHOD:
METHOD OF SPRAYING:
DFT GAGE TYPE AND MODEL: DATE CALIBRATED: / /
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DFT ACTUAL
THINNER
LINING LINING SPECIFIED DFT OVERCOAT
LININGS BATCH NO. NO./TYPE
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APPLIED COLOR µm OBTAINED INTERVAL

USED
mils (HRS)
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COAT 1
COAT 2
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COAT 3
LINING MATERIALS USED WITHIN PUBLISHED SHELF LIFE: YES NO
COMMENTS:

SUPPLIER'S SIGNATURE:
INSPECTOR'S SIGNATURE:
Sa
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 ASSOC. PIP: INSPECTION AND TESTING
CTSL1000 REQUIREMENTS SHEET PIP CTSL1000-T

PAGE 1 OF 3
APPLICATION OF INTERNAL LININGS OCTOBER 2010

NO. DATE REVISION DESCRIPTION BY CHECKED APPROVED

FACILITY NAME/LOCATION:
ITEM NAME: PURCHASER/LOCATION:

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ITEM TAG NO. JOB NO.:
SERVICE: PURCHASE ORDER NO.:
UNIT: SUPPLIER/LOCATION:

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P&ID NO.: SUPPLIER /
1. PURCHASER DENOTES PURCHASER OR DESIGNATED REPRESENTATIVE.
2. PURCHASER’S INSPECTOR(S) SHALL HAVE THE OPTION TO WITNESS OR REPEAT ANY OF THESE FUNCTIONS

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AS NECESSARY. ALL MATERIALS, EQUIPMENT, AND WORK SHALL BE AVAILABLE TO THE PURCHASER’S
INSPECTOR(S) AT ALL TIMES.

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3. PURCHASER‘S INSPECTOR(S) SHALL BE GIVEN WRITTEN NOTICE DAYS BEFORE INSPECTION OR TEST.
4. PURCHASER’S INSPECTOR(S) SHALL HAVE ACCESS TO THE WORKSITE DURING THE PROGRESS OF THE WORK,

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AND THE RIGHT TO CONDUCT ANY INSPECTION OR TESTING DEEMED NECESSARY TO ENSURE THAT THE LININGS
ARE PROPERLY APPLIED.

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5. THE SUBMISSION OF INSPECTION AND TESTING RESULTS IS A CONDITION OF ACCEPTANCE AND PAYMENT.
C = SUPPLIER-PROVIDED INSPECTION OR TEST
W = PURCHASER-WITNESSED INSPECTION OR TEST
omH = HOLD POINT
INSPECTION OR TEST D = DOCUMENT RESULTS OF INSPECTION OR TEST
DP = SEND DOCUMENTATION TO PURCHASER
C W H D DP
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YES/NO YES/NO YES/NO YES/NO YES/NO

1. PRE-STARTUP INSPECTION
2. PRE-SURFACE PREPARATION INSPECTION
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3. POST-SURFACE PREPARATION INSPECTION

4. PRE-COATING APPLICATION INSPECTION
5. BETWEEN COATS INSPECTION
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6. COMPLETED SYSTEM INSPECTION

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7. FINAL INSPECTION

A. GENERAL
1. INSPECTION OF LINING OPERATION SHALL BE A PLANNED FUNCTION.
2. THE FOLLOWING PREPARATIONS SHALL BE COMPLETED BEFORE CONDUCTING ANY WORK.
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A. THE FOLLOWING DOCUMENTS SHALL BE ASSEMBLED:

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(1) SPECIFICATIONS
(2) CODES AND STANDARDS
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(3) COATING MANUFACTURER’S TECHNICAL AND APPLICATION DATA (MOST CURRENT ISSUE)
B. TEST EQUIPMENT SHALL BE SUPPLIED IN GOOD WORKING CONDITION AND PROPERLY
CALIBRATED. SOME OF THE MOST FREQUENTLY REQUIRED AND USED EQUIPMENT IS:
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(1) SURFACE PROFILE COMPARATOR OR TESTEX TAPE

(2) PSYCHROMETER
(3) PSYCHROMETRIC TABLES OR CHARTS
(4) DRY FILM GAUGE AND CALIBRATION BLOCKS
(5) WET FILM GAGE
(6) 10X MAGNIFIER
(7) HOLIDAY DETECTOR – SPONGE AND/OR HIGH VOLTAGE
(8) COMBUSTIBLE GAS ANALYZER (SNIFFER)
(9) BLACK LIGHT
(10) SURFACE TEMPERATURE GAGE
(11) VISUAL STANDARDS FOR BLAST CLEANING
(12) INSPECTION MIRROR
 ASSOC. PIP: INSPECTION AND TESTING
CTSL1000 REQUIREMENTS SHEET PIP CTSL1000-T

PAGE 2 OF 3
APPLICATION OF INTERNAL LININGS OCTOBER 2010

C. AN INSPECTION PLAN SHALL BE ASSEMBLED THAT OUTLINES, IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, THE

SEQUENCE OF ALL INSPECTION ACTIVITIES. FOLLOWING THE INSPECTION PLAN ENSURES THAT
EACH PHASE OF THE LINING OPERATION IS INSPECTED BEFORE PROCEEDING WITH THE NEXT
PHASE, WHICH ENSURES THAT ANY DEFECTS FOUND ARE CORRECTED.

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B. PRE-STARTUP INSPECTION
1. COATING MATERIALS SUPPLIED SHALL BE CONFIRMED AS CORRECT.
2. COATING MATERIALS SHALL BE WITHIN PUBLISHED SHELF LIFE FOR COURSE OF OPERATION.

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3. BATCH NUMBERS SHALL BE VERIFIED AND RECORDED.
4. MATERIALS SHALL BE STORED WITHIN CONDITIONS SPECIFIED.

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5. ABRASIVE USED SHALL BE CLEAN, DRY, AND OF PROPER SIZE TO PRODUCE SPECIFIED SURFACE
PROFILE.
6. EQUIPMENT AIR SUPPLY TESTING

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A. THE AIR SUPPLY FOR BLAST CLEANING, PNEUMATIC TOOLS, AND SPRAY EQUIPMENT SHALL BE
TESTED FOR OIL AND WATER CONTAMINATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASTM D4285.

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B. ALL LINES SHALL BE TESTED SEPARATELY.
C. TESTING SHALL BE PERFORMED AT THE BEGINNING AND END OF EACH WORK SHIFT AND AT

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NOT LESS THAN 4-HOUR INTERVALS.
D. IF CONTAMINATION IS DISCOVERED:
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(1) ALL NECESSARY CORRECTIVE ACTIONS SHALL BE MADE AND THE AIR SUPPLY RETESTED.
(2) SURFACES THAT ARE DETERMINED TO HAVE BEEN BLASTED WITH CONTAMINATED AIR
SHALL BE CLEANED WITH SOLVENT AND REBLASTED WITH CLEAN AIR AND ABRASIVE.
(3) LININGS THAT ARE DETERMINED TO HAVE BEEN APPLIED BY USING CONTAMINATED AIR
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SHALL BE REMOVED AND REAPPLIED USING CLEAN AIR.

C. PRE-SURFACE PREPARATION INSPECTION

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1. SURFACE PREPARATION SHALL BE SUBJECT TO THE PURCHASER’S INSPECTION AND APPROVAL

BEFORE THE APPLICATION OF THE LINING.
2. BLASTING SHALL PROCEED ONLY AFTER INSPECTION AND APPROVAL BY THE PURCHASER.
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3. GREASE, OIL, OR OTHER CONTAMINANTS SHALL BE IDENTIFIED.

4. SURFACE IMPERFECTIONS, INACCESSIBLE AREAS, ETC., SHALL BE IDENTIFIED.
5. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS READINGS:
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A. DEW POINT, RELATIVE HUMIDITY, AND SURFACE TEMPERATURE SHALL BE DETERMINED

BEFORE THE SURFACE PREPARATION.
B. READINGS ARE REQUIRED AT 4-HOUR INTERVALS OR AT OTHER TIME INTERVALS APPROVED BY
THE PURCHASER. ALTERNATIVELY, CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF DEW POINT AND RELATIVE
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HUMIDITY MAY BE PERFORMED USING SYSTEMS ESTABLISHED OR ACCEPTED BY THE

PURCHASER.
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C. THE SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURE SHALL BE AT LEAST 3°C (5°F) GREATER THAN THE DEW POINT.
D. WORK SHALL NOT PROCEED IF THE AMBIENT TEMPERATURE OR RELATIVE HUMIDITY IS
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OUTSIDE THE REQUIREMENTS OF THIS PRACTICE.

6. RECIRCULATED SHOT AND GRIT TESTING:
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A. RECIRCULATED SHOT AND GRIT USED FOR ABRASIVE CLEANING SHALL BE TESTED FOR THE
PRESENCE OF OIL BY IMMERSING IN WATER AND CHECKING FOR OIL FLOTATION.
B. TESTS SHALL BE MADE AT THE START OF BLASTING, AT 4-HOUR INTERVALS THEREAFTER, AND
AT THE END OF BLASTING.
C. IF OIL IS EVIDENT:
(1) CONTAMINATED ABRASIVE SHALL BE REPLACED WITH CLEAN ABRASIVE AND RETESTED
BEFORE PROCEEDING.
(2) ALL STEEL THAT HAS BEEN BLASTED SINCE THE LAST SATISFACTORY TEST SHALL BE
REBLASTED.
 ASSOC. PIP: INSPECTION AND TESTING
CTSL1000 REQUIREMENTS SHEET PIP CTSL1000-T

PAGE 3 OF 3
APPLICATION OF INTERNAL LININGS OCTOBER 2010

D. POST-SURFACE PREPARATION INSPECTION

1. ABRASIVE-CLEANED SURFACES SHALL BE INSPECTED FOR PROPER SURFACE CLEANLINESS AND
ANCHOR PROFILE USING SSPC VISUAL COMPARATORS.
2. SURFACE PREPARATION ANCHOR PROFILE SHALL BE VERIFIED USING EITHER COURSE OR EXTRA-
COURSE REPLICA TAPE (AS REQUIRED BY THE PROFILE DEPTH) AND A SPRING-LOADED
MICROMETER IN ACCORDANCE WITH ASTM D4417 METHOD C. ANCHOR PROFILE MAY ALSO BE

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VERIFIED IN ACCORDANCE WITH ISO 8503-5, WHEN APPROVED BY PURCHASER.
3. SSPC-VIS 1-89 OR ISO 8501-1 VISUAL STANDARDS SHALL BE USED FOR CONFIRMING THE DEGREE
OF SURFACE CLEANLINESS WHEN THE ADEQUACY OF CLEANING IS IN QUESTION.

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E. PRE-COATING APPLICATION INSPECTION
1. DUST, DIRT, BLAST RESIDUE, ETC., SHALL BE REMOVED FROM SURFACE TO BE COATED.

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2. SURFACE SHALL NOT BE RECONTAMINATED BY OIL, GREASE, FLASH RUSTING, SWEAT MARKS, ETC.
3. AMBIENT CONDITIONS, SURFACE TEMPERATURE, AND DEW POINT SHALL BE WITHIN

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SPECIFICATIONS.
4. PROPER COATING SHALL BE USED, MIXED, AND THINNED AS SPECIFIED.

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F. BETWEEN COATS INSPECTION
1. EACH APPLIED COAT SHALL BE SUBJECT TO THE PURCHASER’S APPROVAL BEFORE THE

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APPLICATION OF THE NEXT COAT.
2. DRY FILM THICKNESS SHALL BE VERIFIED. DRY FILM THICKNESS (DFT) SHALL BE DETERMINED BY
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USING METHODS THAT ARE OUTLINED IN SSPC-PA2. COATING THICKNESS MAY ALSO BE MEASURED
USING ISO 2178 FOR NON-MAGNETIC COATINGS ON MAGNETIC SUBSTRATES OR ISO 2360 FOR
COATINGS ON NON-MAGNETIC SUBSTRATES. HOWEVER, SAMPLING PROCEDURES SHALL FOLLOW
SSPC­PA 2.
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3. IMPERFECTIONS, SUCH AS OVERSPRAY, PINHOLES, INSUFFICIENT DRY FILM THICKNESS, RUNS, OR

SAGS SHALL BE CORRECTED.
4. CURING TIME VERSUS TEMPERATURE SHALL BE AS SPECIFIED.
5. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS, SURFACE TEMPERATURE, AND DEW POINTS SHALL BE
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WITHIN SPECIFICATION.
6. DUST, DIRT, OR OTHER CONTAMINANTS SHALL BE REMOVED.
7. PROPER COATING SHALL BE USED, MIXED, AND THINNED AS SPECIFIED.
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8. STEP 1 THROUGH STEP 7 SHALL BE REPEATED UNTIL FINAL COAT IS COMPLETE.

9. LINING ADHESION TESTING:
IF LINING ADHESION OR INTERCOAT ADHESION ARE OF SUSPECT QUALITY, THE ADHESION SHALL
-N

BE PERIODICALLY CHECKED AS FOLLOWS:

A. THE ADHESION TEST METHOD SHALL BE AS AGREED TO BY THE PURCHASER.
B. ACCEPTABLE ADHESION CLASSIFICATIONS OR PULL-OFF STRENGTHS SHALL BE AS
RECOMMENDED BY THE LINING MATERIAL MANUFACTURER AND APPROVED BY THE
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PURCHASER.
C. THE ADHESION MAY BE ASSESSED BY MEANS OF A PORTABLE PULL-OFF ADHESION TESTER IN
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ACCORDANCE WITH ASTM D4541 (ISO 4624) OR ONE OF THE APPROPRIATE TAPE TESTS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH ASTM D3359 (ISO 2409).
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G. COMPLETED SYSTEM INSPECTION

1. THE COMPLETED LINING SHALL PASS INSPECTION BY THE PURCHASER’S AUTHORIZED
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INSPECTOR(S).
2. IT IS THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE SUPPLIER TO CORRECT ANY WORK FOUND NOT TO BE IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS SPECIFIED HEREIN.
3. CURE SHALL CONFORM TO SPECIFICATION.
4. TOTAL DRY FILM THICKNESS SHALL BE VERIFIED. DRY FILM THICKNESS (DFT) SHALL BE
DETERMINED BY USING METHODS THAT ARE OUTLINED IN SSPC-PA2. COATING THICKNESS MAY
ALSO BE MEASURED USING ISO 2178 OR ISO 2360, AS APPROPRIATE.
5. IMPERFECTIONS SUCH AS OVERSPRAY, PINHOLES, INSUFFICIENT DRY FILM THICKNESS, RUNS, OR
SAGS SHALL BE REPAIRED.
H. FINAL INSPECTION
1. ALL REPAIR AND/OR TOUCH-UP WORK SHALL BE COMPLETED.
2. FULL COMPLIANCE WITH THE SPECIFICATION SHALL BE VERIFIED.