ComSys-06-Angle Modulation PDF
ComSys-06-Angle Modulation PDF
ComSys-06-Angle Modulation PDF
Lecture 06
Angle Modulation
FM and PM
Content
1. Time-varying frequency
2. Introduction to angle modulation
3. Relationship between FM and PM
4. FM bandwidth
5. FM modulation and demodulation
Angle Modulation 2
1. Instantaneous Frequency
Angle Modulation 3
Instantaneous Frequency
Angle Modulation 4
2. Phase Modulation (PM) & Frequency Modulation
(FM)
Angle Modulation 5
3. Relationship Between FM and PM
Angle Modulation 6
FM Example
Angle Modulation 7
PM Example
Angle Modulation 8
Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)
Angle Modulation 9
Phase Shift Keying (PSK)
Angle Modulation 10
PSK: Direct Modulation
Angle Modulation 11
4. Bandwidth of Angle Modulation
kf
FM Frequency fi fc m(t ) m p [| m(t ) |]max
2
k f mp
Frequency peak deviation in FM f
2
kp m' p [| m (t ) |]max
PM frequency fi fc m (t )
2
Frequency peak deviation in PM k p m' p
f
2
Deviation ratio f
B
Angle Modulation 12
Narrowband FM
Angle Modulation 13
Narrowband FM
Angle Modulation 14
Bandwidth of Angle-Modulated Waves
Angle Modulation 15
Tone Frequency Modulation
Angle Modulation 16
Fourier Transform of Tone FM
Angle Modulation 17
Wideband FM (WBFM) Bandwidth
Angle Modulation 18
Wideband FM (WBFM) Bandwidth
Angle Modulation 19
Wideband FM (WBFM) Bandwidth
Angle Modulation 20
Frequency Modulation of Tone
Angle Modulation 21
Bessel Function
Angle Modulation 22
Example
Angle Modulation 23
Broadcast FM
Angle Modulation 24
5. NBFM Modulation
Angle Modulation 25
NBFM Block Diagram
Angle Modulation 26
NBFM: Bandpass Limiter
Angle Modulation 27
NBFM: Bandpass Limiter
Angle Modulation 28
WBFM Modulation: Direct Generation Using VCO
Angle Modulation 29
VCO Using Varactor
Angle Modulation 30
Armstrong’s Indirect Method
Angle Modulation 31
FM Demodulation
Angle Modulation 32
Derivative Theorem for Fourier Transform
Angle Modulation 33
Slope-Detecting Filter
Angle Modulation 34
FM Demodulator and Differentiator
Angle Modulation 35
Envelope Detection using Ideal Differentiator
Angle Modulation 36
FM Detection Circuits
Angle Modulation 37
Advantages of FM
Angle Modulation 38
Advantages of FM
Angle Modulation 39
Noise and FM
Angle Modulation 40
FM Preemphasis and Deemphasis
Angle Modulation 41
FM Preemphasis and Deemphasis
Angle Modulation 42
References
Angle Modulation 43