Condition Assessment of RCC ESR Using NDT Methods
Condition Assessment of RCC ESR Using NDT Methods
Condition Assessment of RCC ESR Using NDT Methods
Abstract- Abstract: Concrete is considered as a durable and develop new methods. The paper present is intended to
material but it is still potentially vulnerable to deterioration, provide an overview of the principles of various NDT methods
unless certain precautions are taken. Life enhancement of being used in practice, and to summarize their applications and
distressed concrete structures depend on number of factors limitations. The emphasis is placed on methods that have been
such as design, detailing, materials used in the original applied to measure physical properties other than the strength
construction, quality control, environment as well as periodic of concrete in structures, to detect flaws or discontinuities and
inspection and regular maintenance. The assessment of to provide data for condition evaluation [3]. This paper
concrete structures consists of not only evaluation of the discusses the assessment of old overhead Reinforced Cement
present condition but also prediction of the cause of Concrete (RCC) reservoirs as a case study useing NDT
deterioration and its residual life. Hence, it is essential to have methods. The main aim of the paper is to highlight the
importance and significance of different test methods
accurate assessment of physical, chemical and
employed to assess the present condition of RCC structures.
electro-chemical properties to enhance the existing life of the
This paper also presents the rational and systematic approach
structure. If the cause of deterioration is predicted and a for the interpretation of test results for arriving at an
proper assessment of the structure is made, it may be economical repair procedure and rehabilitation measures.
economically feasible to repair the distressed structure and Necessary repair measures are suggested to enhance the
prolong its life. The estimation of mechanical properties of service life of the structure.
concrete can be carried out by several methods namely
destructive and non-destructive. In this context, the crushing 1.1Typical Condition Deterioration Curve :
of the samples is the usual destructive test to determine the The simple and more advanced approaches to condition
concrete strength. The rebound hammer test is used in the assessment allow the development of predictive decay curves
field of non-destructive tests to determine respectively .The for assets as shown in Fig.1. The slight improvement in
result obtained from the given data, exact assessment will be condition at the start of an asset's lifecycle reflects the normal
found out of the given water tank. improvement in performance after a short teething period [11].
1. Introduction
Deteriorating infrastructure continues to be a growing
concern. Accurate information on the condition of concrete in
a existing structure is critical to evalaluate its safety and
serviceability. This information is required by decision makers
to determine if repair or replacement is necessary and to select
optimum repair techniques where conditions require. (ACI
Committee 207). Assessment of quality of concrete is
necessary to ensure that the quality of execution is satisfactory Figure 1: Typical Condition Deterioration Curve [11]
and also to identify any deficiencies so that they can be This paper describes the systematic visual inspection of
rectified. This can be achieved only by conducting some various RCC ESR’s in Amravati region along with
in-situ tests on the structures besides visual inspection. These photographs and interpretation of results of various
tests have been developed with a primary objective of non-destructive tests such as rebound hammer. Chemical tests
evaluating the condition of in- situ concrete quickly. The of concrete samples were carried out to determine the pH,
in-situ tests are either non-destructive or partially destructive carbonation and chloride content of concrete. This paper also
[1, 2]. Rebound hammer test, Cover survey, Carbonation test, presents and describes detailed investigation of RCC ESRs at
pH test and chloride contein test are mostly used for the Amravati region. Tests were carried out at columns, beams,
assessment of existing concrete structures [3, 4]. It is dome periphery, and dome slab of RCC ESR’s. The results of
important to note that almost all the NDT methods indirectly carbonation, pH and chloride content were presented in tabular
estimate the concrete strength and strength obtained by these form. Data interpretation was carried out in accordance with
methods, in most of the cases, is comparable. Even then, no various reference codes.
single method can be said to be fully reliable and therefore, 1.2 Basic methods for NDT of concrete structures: The
more than one method should be used and results should be following methods with some typical applications, have been
correlated [1]. Non-destructive testing technologies are used for the NDT of concrete [13].
evolving and research continues to enhance existing methods
3. Results
test
Weighting of component of
Avg. comp. strengthby rebound
potentiometer
Degree (Dmax)
kurha is good. Degree of deterioration of this ESR is medium.
Relevancy (R)
Parameter (a)
( CIi x wi )
Extent (E)
Cracks, slight corrosion and spalling of concrete are the
deterioration aspects observed on some components of ESR.
Working function of ESR is not affected. It is recommended to
Test location
water tank
repair the defected components of ESR.
half-cell
S.No.
1 Co 19. 1 -260 8 2 4 4 3 4 3
l- 00 5 3. 5
C1 7 0.
2 Co 22. 1 -170 8 2 2 2 2 8 7
l- 00 6 7. 0
C2 5 0.
3 Co 19. 2 -250 8 2 3 2 2 8 6
l- 00 2 4. 7
Fig 4. Cr value for each component of Structure
C3 3 5.
6
4 Co 18. 3 -230 8 2 4 3 3 5 4
5. 4. CONCLUSIONS
l- 00 8 0. 0
1
C4 7 6.
5 Co 21. 2 -430 8 2 2 2 3 7 5 0 It has been seen that detailed visual inspection and Non
Destructive Testing (NDT) plays an important role in
l- 00 5 1. 7
condition assessment of RCC ESR. From visual inspection, we
C5 8 5. have observed the various damages occurred due to
6 Co 22. - -430 8 2 4 3 3 5 4 construction faults and because of factors affected with respect
to time. This gives the information about less than average
l- 00 0. 0
condition of the RCC ESR for further usage. The Schmidt
C6 7 6. hammer provides an inexpensive, simple and quick method of
7 Be 18. 1 -365 6 2 4 3 3 5 3 obtaining an indication of concrete strength. The Selected
water tanks are nearly 30 years old, thus the strength is nearly
am 00 8 0. 0
to an average value of requirement. It is observed that the pH
- 7 4. value of the water tank is low as compared to standard pH
8 Be 19. 5 -230 6 2 2 4 2 8 4 value. So repair measure works are required except kurha
am 00 0 1. 8
water tank. Based on the test results, it was found that the
distressing of the supporting structure was mainly due to voids,
- 2 7. honeycombing and carbonation of concrete.
9 Be 18. 3 -310 6 2 4 2 2 8 4 REFERENCES
am 00 5 1. 8 i. S. Bhaskar, P. Srinivasan and A. Chellappan, “Condition
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- 7 4.
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