Scheme On Combine Harvester
Scheme On Combine Harvester
Scheme On Combine Harvester
Combine Harvesters
1. Harvesting is one of the most labour
intensive operations in agriculture, which is
required to be done at appropriate time so
as to obtain optimum yield. Delay in
harvest will have a direct impact not only
on the yield but also on quality of produce.
Further, the method of harvest and
wastage of produce are interlinked.
Traditionally, harvesting is done manually in
rural areas and particularly in small land
holdings. However, in the situation where labour shortage is on a rise, harvesting
through mechanical means has become inevitable. Though various machinery
is available, combine harvester has been widely in use. Presently the availability
of combine harvesters are not spread uniformly and therefore needs to be
transported to long distance. Therefore the model schemes intends to make the
machinery available locally so as to reduce the operation cost and facilitate
timely harvest operation.
2. Combine Harvester:
1. Harvesting
2. Feeding of crops to the threshing unit
3. threshing the seed from the head
4. Separating the seed from the strong ex-line
5. Cleaning the seed from the chaff .
The first process viz., reaping, which is cutting down the from the field. As the
combine harvester moves through the field, the crop is pushed into the harvester
in the front portion (header). The cut crop further moves into the machine by a
pickup reel, which also holds the plants for cutting. The crop is then cut by the
cutter bar, which has teeth that are sometimes called mowing fingers. These cut
off the plant at the bottom near the ground.
The second process viz., threshing, is the process of separating the grain from the
crop. After the crop has been cut, it is transported further into the combine
harvester by a conveyor belt and deposited into a threshing drum. Inside the
threshing drum, bars beat and separate the tops of the plant, containing the
grain, from the straw, or the plant stems. The straw is carried up out of the
combine by straw walkers, while the grain falls down through a screen for further
processing.
Finally the cleaning process is accomplished using air blown on the grain or plant.
The plant sits on a screen and air is blown on it forcefully. This separates and blows
away lighter bits of plant material, called chaff, which may still be clinging to the
grain. The grain then goes into a collecting tank. When the collecting tank is full
of clean grain, it is shot out of a pipe called an unloader, into a storage bin or
trailer attached to the combine harvester.
Self propelled track type Combine harvester and Tractor mounted wheel type
Combine harvester are the two common types of harvesters available.
The market size of combine harvesters in India is at the stage of infancy and is
steadily growing. Presently the total population of combine harvesters is
estimated roughly about 50000, which is concentrated in certain pockets and
availability is not uniformly spread. Due to high capital cost, the combines are
owned by merchants and private parties, who are not farmers, wherein around
90% harvest operation is done by custom hiring. Therefore, the harvesters either
travels or get transported for a long distance from more mechanized States such
as Punjab and Gujrat to other States. The present scheme tries to assess the
economic viability of combine harvesters are for both the types that is track type
and wheel type.
The own farm use of the harvester is limited hence the viability of the investment
is dependent upon custom hiring of the combine harvester.
4. Financial analysis
a. Assumptions :
1 Fixed Costs
a. Interest Costs 170000 Rs/ year
b. Insurance & taxes 40000 Rs/ year
c. Depreciation 186667 Rs/ year
Total Fixed Costs 396667 Rs/ year
2 Variable Costs
a. Fuel 231000 Rs/ year
b.Oil & Lubricants 25200 Rs/ year
c. Repairs & maintenance 192000 Rs/ year
d. Manpower 116667 Rs/ year
Total Variable Costs 564867 Rs/ year
Financial Analysis
(Amount in `)
SL.NO PARTICULARS YEAR 0 YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5 YEAR 6 YEAR 7 YEAR 8 YEAR 9
1 OUTFLOW
a.Capital Cost 1360000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
b.Recurring Cost 961534 961534 961534 961534 961534 961534 961534 961534 961534 961534
Total Costs 2321534 961534 961534 961534 961534 961534 961534 961534 961534 961534
2 INFLOW
a.Rental Income 1400000 1400000 1400000 1400000 1400000 1400000 1400000 1400000 1400000 1400000
3 NET BENEFIT -921534 438466 438466 438466 438466 438466 438466 438466 438466 438466
1 Fixed Costs
a. Interest Costs 255000 Rs/ year
b. Insurance & taxes 60000 Rs/ year
c. Depreciation 280000 Rs/ year
Total Fixed Costs 595000 Rs/ year
2 Variable Costs
a. Fuel 308000 Rs/ year
b.Oil & Lubricants 33600 Rs/ year
c. Repairs & maintenance 288000 Rs/ year
d. Manpower 116667 Rs/ year
Total Variable Costs 746267 Rs/ year
Financial Analysis
(Amount in `)
SL.NO PARTICULARS YEAR 0 YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 YEAR 5 YEAR 6 YEAR 7 YEAR 8 YEAR 9
1 OUTFLOW
a.Capital Cost 2040000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
b.Recurring Cost 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267
Total Costs 3381267 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267 1341267
2 INFLOW
a.Rental Income 1890000 1890000 1890000 1890000 1890000 1890000 1890000 1890000 1890000 1890000
3 NET BENEFIT -1491267 548733 548733 548733 548733 548733 548733 548733 548733 548733
DISCLAIMER
The views expressed in this model project are
advisory in nature. NABARD assume no financial
liability for anyone using this project report for any
purpose. The actual costs and returns will have to be
taken on a case by case basis considering the
specific requirements of projects.