ATOMIC STRUCTURE EXERCISE # 1

rA
3. = 10 5 19. (A) Energy of ground state (   )  
rN +
3
He = –13.6 × 4 eV = –54.4 × 4 eV
VA
VA  rA 
   = (10 5 ) 3 = 10 15  10 –15 (B) P.E. of Ist orbit of H-atom ( 
VN  rN  V

N
P.E.)=2T.E.= –2 × 13.6eV = –27.2eV
4. R = R 0 A 1/3 = 1.33 × 10 –13 × (64) 1/3 cm
(C) Energy of II excited state(II 
) 
= 5.32 × 10 –1 3 × (64) 1/3 cm
 1 fm = 10 –15 m  5 fm Z2 (2)2
= –13.6 × = –13.6 ×
C 3  10 8 n2 (3)2
10.  = = = 0.75 m
 400  10 6 4
14. d = 20 nm = –13.6 × = –6.04 eV
9
20 (D) I.E.= –E 1 = 21.8 × 10
–19
× 4J = 8.7 × 10
–18
J
r = = 10 nm =100 A°
2 1
n2 20. E 5 = –13.6 × = – 0.54 eV
(5)2
 r = 0.529 × A° For H atom Z = 1
Z 22. Li+2 & He+ both have same no. of electron so spec-
100 = 0.529 × n 2 n = 14 trum pattern will be similar. Li+2  He+
 
2
15. E n = – 13.6 ×
Z

n2
1 h 1
E 1 (H) = – 13.6 × = –13.6 eV 23.  =  
1 2mqV V
4 1 V2 200 2
E 2 (He + ) = – 13.6 × = –13.6 eV   
4 2 V1 50 1
32 
E 3 (Li 2+ ) = – 13.6 × = –13.6 eV 24. x.p =
32 4
–5 –1
put value p = 1.0 × 10 kg ms
42
E 4 (Be 3+ ) = – 13.6 × 2 = –13.6 eV
4 26. Orbital angular momentum (  
)
 Ans B h
=  (   1) .
for  = 0
16. E = –78.4 kcal/mol 2
2 2 6 2 6 5 2
Z2 28. 25
Mn = 1s , 2s 2p , 3s 3p 3d , 4s
E n = –313.6 × kcal/mol +4 2 2 6 2 6
Mn = 1s , 2s 2p , 3s 3p 3d , 4s
3 0
n2
2+ 2 2 6 2 6 10
1 29. 30
Zn = 1s , 2s 2p , 3s 3p 3d
for H atom Z = 1 –78.4 = 313.6 ×
n2 (unpaired ( 
–
) de = 0)
313.6 2+ 2 2 6 2 6 6 –
n2 = n = 2 26
Fe = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d (unpaired de = 4)
78.4
Z Ni
3+ 2 2 6 2 6
= 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d (unpaired de = 3)
7 –
17. V n = 2.188 × 10 6 × m/sec. 28
n
V3 (Li 2  ) Z 3 / n 3 3/3 + 2 2 6
Cu = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d (unpaired de = 1)
2 6 9 –
 = V (Li 2+ ) = V 29
V1 (H ) Z1 / n1 1 /1
Let state ( 
7
18. ) (1) = n1 30. d =
state (  ) (2) = n2 1 1 1 3
Total spin (  ) = + + + =
r 1 – r 2 = 624 r 0 2 2 2 2
– 2
31. K = 2e = 1s
n12 0.529 n 22 0.529  1 –
L = 8e = 2s 2p
2 4
0.529 × – = 624 ×
Z Z Z –
M= 11e = 3s 3p 3d
2 6 3

2 2 – 2
n – n = 624
1 2
N= 2e = 4s
–
n 1 = 25 for d e = 3,  = 2
– 2 2 6 2 6
n2 = 1 33. Cl = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p
25  1 –
For last e n = 3, l = 1, m = ±1
 6 Z Z 1 37. Change in angular momentum = (n 2 – n 1) h
35. (A) v = 2.18 × 10 ×  v  or v 
n n n
v v Z/n Z2 (
)
(B) f = or f =  2 f  3
2 r r n /Z n
n 3
mV 2
(n2 – n1) is an integer value ((n2 – n1) 
2
(C) r  n / Z [T  2 ]
Z
F =
r 
)
2 2 2
v (Z / n )
 2 Z3
F  F  4 so ans (B,C)
r n /Z n

So ans (A,B,D)

ATOMIC STRUCTURE EXERCISE # 2

2
13.6 z 8. Hund's rule
1. En 
n2 9. Cr = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 5 4s 1 ; Mn + = 1s 2
as move away from the nucleus the energy
2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 5 4s 1
increases, hence energy is maximum at infinite
distance from the nucleus. i.e. it represent both ground state and cationic form.
(
1 0 . Fe 3+ = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 5

)
2. When electron jump higher level to lower level, it
emit the photon lower level to higher level, It absorb 11. Schrodinger equation gives only n, l and m quantum
photon. Hence '1s' only absorb photon because number, spin quantum number is not related to
it is lowest energy level. schrodinger equation.


n, l  m



'1s'  
 1
12. h = h 0 + m 2
1 1 1  2
3.  RH  2  2 
  n1 n 2  hc hc 1
In balmer series, electron jumps higher energy level = + m 2
 0 2
to 2nd energy level. Hence third line form when
 0 –  
electron jump fifth energy level to 2 energy level. K.E.= hc    
5  2  0 

(
, 2nd

  h2   –  h 
 2 
 hc  0    
  2m  e     0   2mK.E


 5  0 h
2) 2e 
[ 0 – ] 2mc
4. 2 2 6 2 6 10 4s 2 4p 6 5s 1
37 Rb = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 1
n  m s  h  0 2
5 0 0 +1/2 e   
 2mc [  0  ] 
5. Aufbau's principle : electron fills in orbital increasing
order of energy level. 1 3 . m n = mass of neutron ; m p = mass of proton
 mn
2m p
 2
70 2 atomic mass  (m n + m p ) [m n ~ m p ]
6. 30 Zn
= n = A – Z = 70 – 30 = 40
7. n > ,m= – to +   (8 + 6) = 14 m p
n  s atomic mass  (4 + 12) = 16 m p
3 2 ½
The value of cm is wrong 16 – 14
% increase =  100 = 14.28 %
 = 2, m = –2, –1, 0, +1, +2 14
 1 1 1  1 1 1   n 22  n 12 
15.  RH  2  2  21.  RH  2 – 2   RH  2 2 
 n
 1 n 2    n1 n 2 
 n1 n 2 
for shortest wave length n 2 = , n 1 = 2 2 2
(n n )
  22 1 2
1 1 1  4 1 (n 2  n 1 )
 RH z 2     = 4R  R  x
  4   H H 1 st line of lymen series n 2 = 2, n 1 = 1
for longest wave length of parchan series n2 = 4, 2 nd line of lymen series n 2 = 3, n 1 = 1
n1 = 3 3 rd line of lymen series n 2 = 4, n 1 = 1
22. The anode ray/canal ray independent to the
1 1 1  1  7 
 RH z 2     R H x2   electrode material.
  9 16    9  16 

9  16 1 16 
    x 23. Energy order decide from (n + ) rule ;(n + ) is
9 7 RH 7
minimum energy is minimum ; if (n + ) value is
16. (IE ) Li2  (IE ) H  z 2 equal, lower the value of 'n' lower the energy.
((n + )

; (n
= 21.8 × 10 –19 × 9 J/atom
+ ) 
;  (n
h
 = + ) 
, 'n' 
2ME
6.62  10 –34 
) e3 > e2 > e4 > e1
 =
2  9.1  10 –31  2.18  10 –9  9 r2 r
24. r1  r1  ; r3 = r1 × n2
 =1.17 A° n 2
4
17. Fe 2+ = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 6 r 3 = r/4 × 9 r 3 = 2.25 R
–34
h 6.62  10  3600
25.  =
unpaired electron (n) = 4 mv 0.2  5
 = 2.38 × 10 –30 metre
Magnatic moment ( 
)
26. Acc to paulis an orbital accomdate maximum two
= n(n  2) BM = 4(6)  24 electron, hence paulis exclusion principle voilates.
orbital angular momentum (  
) = (

)
  (   1)  = 2 (3)   6
27. For d yz , xy and xz are nodal palne
h 1 node = (n –  –1) = 6–2–1  3
18.  
2 ME ME 29. x  y + 4
2 H2
1 1
e  ; p   y  8 O 18 + 1 H 1
M e  16 E Mp  4 E
y = 9 y 19
1 x = 11 x 23
  hence e  p    Hence x = Na
4M p  4 E ;
Na present in 3 rd period
19. Cu + = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 10 No of neutron = 23 – 11  12
all the electron are paried ; hence it is 4.6
mole of Na =  0.2
paramagnatic 23
(
) Mole of neutron  0.2 × 12  2.4
20. Li (g)  Li + + e –           n = 520 hc 1240 1240
Li + (g)  Li +2 + e         n = a KJ/mol. 30. E =  ev E =  40 eV
  nm 31
Li 2+ (g)  Li 2+ + e       n = b KJ/mol.
40 = 12.8 + K.E.
b = (IE 2 ) Li  = (IE ) Li2  = (IE) n × z 2 = 1313 × 9
K.E. = 10 –12.8 = 27.2 eV
b = (IE 2 ) Li  = 11817 KJ/mol K.E. = 27.2 × 1.6 × 10 –19
520 + a + 11817 = 19800 1
27.2 × 1.6 × 10 –19 = × 9.1 × 10 –31 × v 2
2
(IE 2 ) Li  = a = 7463 KJ/mol v = 2.18 × 2 × 10 6 m/s
 1 v z/n 45. () it is a solution of schrodinger wave equation.
31. Frequency =   2 46. 2r = n [acc to de-broglie theory]
T r n /z
47. m y = 0.25 m x , v y = 0.75 v x
1 z2 n3 1 / 4 1
Frequency =  3 T  2 =  h h h
T n z 8 / 1 32  = x = , y =
mv mxvx myvy
32. Radial node (  
) = (n –  – 1)
h
Angular node (  ) =  y =  y = 5.33 A
0.25M x  0.75 v x
4s, 5p x , 6 dxy having 3 radial node. 48. Orbital angular momentum ( 
) =
angular node in all 's' orbital in zero.
(
's' 
) (   1) 
33. s-orbital is spherical hence it is non-directional. s p d f
(s-
)  = 0 1 2 3
34. B.E. = I.E. m 1
(I.E.) any atom = (I.E.) H × z 2 48. m = (2 +1)   =
2
122.4
= z2 50. Mn 4+ = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 3
13.6
z2 = 9 z = 3
E 2 – E 1 = 122.4 – 30.6 = 91.8 eV 51. Acc to (n + ) rule, after np, (n +) s always filled.
h 52. Ni 2+ = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 8
35. x = 2p x .2p =
4
h h n = 2
2 (p) 2 = (v) 2 = 8  m 2
4 magnatic moment (
) = n(n  2) 
1 h 1
v = v = 
2m 2 2m 2(4) = 58 = 2.83

n3 T1 n 13
45° 53. T = = 1/8
36. z2 T2 n 23
54. E – E 1 = hv 1 ,  E 1  hv 1
37. n =5 l = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, s, p, d, f, g
E2 – E 1 = hv 2
38. From (n + ) rule, same as Q.23
E – E 2 = hv 3 ,  E 2  hv 3
39. The value of  = 0 to (n – 1)
–hv 3 + hv 1 = hv 2
Number of electron for given value of  = 2 (2+1)
 (n 1) v 2  v1 – v 3
hence  2(2   1)
 0 v 3  v1 – v 2
h hc
40.  = v  =
mv 55. EC – EB =  ...(i)
1
h h hc
2 =   EB – EA =  ...(ii)
m m
2
41. Acc to schrodinger model e– behave as wave only. hc
(
e–  EC – EA =  ...(iii)
3

) add equation (1) and (2)
42. The maximum porbability of finding an electron is 1 1 
decribe the orbital, which is denote by  2 . E C – E A =hc     
 1 2 
(
put in equation (3)

2 
1 1  hc

) hc   = 
 1 2  3
h
43. m = e  =
mv 1 
  2
h h ve mn = 1  3  1 2
= =  3 1 2 1  2
mcvc mnvn vn mc
 hc 58. n 2 = 4 , n 1 =3 ;
56. E =
 n 2 = 5 n 1 =4 ;
hc n 2 = 6 n 1 =5 ;
E = (for H atom) n  ( n – 1)(n  4)
1
59. n 2 = 5, n1 = 1
hc
E × z 2 = (for He + atom) total number of stectrum line are
2
hc hc 1 (5 – 1)   4
4  2 
1 2  4  4  4 + 3 + 2 + 1
57. First Excitation potential ( 
) lymer Balmer Pascher brackett
= E2 – E1  – 4 + 16  12 eV 3 line in visible reigon.

ATOMIC STRUCTURE EXERCISE # 3

Comprehensi on # 1 1 1
5. Spin quantum number (ms) =  ,0,  that is one
1. Cr = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 5 4s 1 2 2
Mn + = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 5 4s 1 orbital accomodate maximum 3e –
2+ 2 2 6 2 6 6
Fe = 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d
1 1
Co 3+ = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 3d 5 (
(ms) =  ,0,  
2 2
2. n(n  2)  1.73

3e– 
)
n (n + 2) = 3
Number of element in any period = 3r 2
n + 2n = 3
n 2 + 2n – 3 = 0 p 2
n = (for even period no.)
(n + 3) (n – 1) = 0 2
n = 1
Number of unpaired electron = 1 2 2
n = 2
V 4+  [Ar] 3s 1 4s 0 2
3. Fe 3+ = [Ar] 3d 5 number of element  3 × 4  12
Ti 3+
= [Ar] 3d 1 6. for g - sub-shell
Co 3+
= [Ar] 3d 6 n = 5
all are having unpaired electron hence paramag-  = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
netic & coloured.  = 4 {g - subshell}
4. Fe = [Ar] 3d 4s 6 2 number of electron= 2 (2 + 1)
= 2 × 9  18
      number of orbital = (2 + 1)  9
Hund's and Pauli's principle is voileted. (  any orbital can have more two electron

)
ATOMIC STRUCTURE EXERCISE # 4[A]
1. Distance to be travelled from mars to earth (c) E 3 1  3.08  ( 15.6) =15.6–3.08=12.52l.v.
7
= 8 × 10 km 1240 12.52 1
= =  (n.m )
(
) = 8 × 1010m  1240 
 Velocity = 3 × 10 8 m/sec  = 1.808 × 10 7 m –1
(d) (i) E = –15.6 – (–6) = –15.6 + 6 = –9.6
8  1010
 Time = D/V = = 2.66 × 10 2 sec. (ii) E = –15.6 – (–11) = –15.6 + 11 = –4.6
3  10 8
3. 1.6 × 10 –19 J = 1 eV
2. (a) I.P. =  E  E   E 1 = 0 –(–15.6) = 15.6 l.v..
1 
10 17
(b) n =  n = 2 10 –17 = eV = 0.655 × 10 2
1.6  10 –19
E = [0 – (–5.3)] = 5.3 l.v. n hc 1240
1240 1240 E = 0.625 × 10 2 = n
E =  =  233.9nm  550
(nm) 5.3 2.77 × 10 = n
4. 330 J = n(h) 11. Radius = 16(RH) = 16 × 0.0529
330 J = n[6.62 × 10 –34 × 5 × 10 13 ] n2
16 × 0529 = 0.0529 ×
330 Z
n 10 22 = n
6.62  10 34  5  1013 n2
16 = n 4
1
hL 3.15  10 14  850  10 9
5. E = n= n2
 6.62  10 34  3  10 8 T.E. = –13.6 × l.v. = 0.85 l.v. = –1.36 × 10–19 J
Z2
n = 134.8 × 10 3 n = 1.35 × 10 5 21.7  10 12
12. En = 1 erg = 10 –7 Joule
6.  = 1093.6 nm R H = 1.09 × 10 7 m –1 n2
= 1093.6 × 10 –9 m. n2 = ? n1 = 3 21.7  10 12
En =
10 9 1 1 4
= 9  n2
7
1093.6  10  1.09 2  21.7  10 12  21.7  10 12
J.E. = 0 –  =
 4  4
1 1 1 9
  0.83 
n 22 9 n 22 0.253 = 5.425 × 10 –12 ergs
6.624  10 34  10 8
2 (b) 5.425 × 10 –12 =
n  36
2
n2  6 
6.624  3  10 8  1012
7. n2 = 3 n1 = 2 [first line]  = = 3.7 × 10 –14 (nm)
5.425  10 34
n2 = 4 n1 = 2 [second line]
= 3.7 × 10 –14 × 10 9 cm = 3.7 × 10 –5 cm
1 1 1  1 1 
 RH    13. E  I.E.   
 4 9  2 1
4 1 
1 1  hc
1 1 1  2.17 × 10 –11 erg/atom    
Å  RH  4  9  ....(i)  4 1  (m )
6565  
 1 1  6.626  10 34  3  10 8
2.17 × 10 –11 × 10 –7 J 4  1  
 
1 1 1  (i)
 RH    ....(ii)
  4 16  (ii) 6.626  10 34  3  10 8  4 6.626  4  10 8
 18 =
2.17  10  3 2.17
5
 36 5  16 = 12.20 × 10 –8 m
   = 4863 Å
6565 3 36  3 1 m  10 10 Å
16 12.2  1010
8. 3  2 6.10 × 10 –8 m  = 1220 Å
10 8
1 1 1  1 1 
 R H  Z 2  2  2  = R × 4    ...(i) Z 2.18  10 6
1 n
 1 n 2 
H
4 9  14. V n = 2.18 × 10 6 × =
n n
1 1 1  2.18  10 6 1
2  1  RH  4    ... (ii) 
2 1 4  n 275
( 1 –  2 ) = 133.7 nm ... (iii) 2.18  10 6 1 1
 8 =
we will solve the three equation and we will get n 3  10 275
R = 1.096 × 10 7 m –1 2.18 1 1 300
= 
1 1  n(300) 275 n 599.5
9. E = 13.6    × 96.3368 kJ/mole 599.5 1
9 4  1 300
n =  
4  9  300 275 n 599.5
= 13.6   × 96.368 = 182.074 n =1.99 ~ 2
 36 
= 1.827 × 10 5 J/mole 15. Z = 3, n 1 = 1, n2 = 3
hc 1240 1 1  1 1 
10. IE =  E n = 13.6 × (Z 2 )  2  2  = 13.6 × 9   
 85.4  n1 n 2  1 9 
1240 8
=  96.368 kJ / mole  1399.25 kJ/mol = 13.6 × 9 × = 108.8 eV
85.4 9
 1 V0
1 1  1 1  22. V2 = V0 × 
1 6 . ( i ) E n 2 n1  13.6  Z 2  2  2  = 13.6 [1] 2    2 2
 n1 n 2  1 4  x = v × t
3
= 13.1 × 1 × = 10.22 eV V0  V  10 8 
4 x =  10 8 sec =  0 m
2  2 
1 1 1 
(ii)  R H Z2  2  2 
  n1 n 2  2r  1 round
V0  10 –8 V0  10 –8 1
1 1 1   
8 = 1.09 × 10 7 × Z 2    2 2 2 r
3  10 4 1
r 2 = r 0 × n 2 = 4r 0
10 8 x 3 so, no. of revolutions (    
)
7
 Z2 
3  10  1.09 4
V0 / 2  10 8 V0  10 8  1
10  4 = =
= Z2 Z 2 = –4 Z = 2 2   4r0 2  2   4r0
3  1.09 x  3
17. 1.8 mole = (1.8 Na) atoms 2.18  10 6  10 18
=
27% = IIIrd energy level = 1.8 × Na × 0.27 2  2  3.14  4  0.529
15% = IInd energy level = 1.8 × Na × 0.15
2.18  10 12
E 1  E 2 = 1.8 × N × 0.27 × IE  1  1  + = = 0.838 × 10 9 = 8  10 6
E = 3 1 2 1 A 9 1  2.6  10 21
 

1 1  23. V =
1.8 × NA × 0.15 × IE    = 292.68 × 1021 atom 
4 1 E of Ist Bohr orbit = –13.6
18. Number of atom in 3 rd orbit = 0.5 N A
6.626  10 34  3  10 8
Number of atom in 2 nd orbit = 0.25 N A –13.6 =

Total energy evolve=0.5 NA(E3–E1)+0.25NA(E2 – E1) 1240
or –13.6 =
 h   (in nm )
19. Angular momentum = n  
 2  1240 3  10 8
 =  10 V =
 hc  (1)2 136 912  1010
    3.4 eV –3.4 = –13.6 ×
  n2
 = 91.17 (nm)
3.4 1 3.4
 2 n2 =
13.6 n 3.4 3
= 912 Å =  10  R
n2 = 4  n = 2 912
 6.626  10 34  7  h 6.62  10 39  7
= 2  = or = 6530 × 10 12 Hz
 2  22   2
1240 1 4.5
20. 4.5 eV =  10.2
(nm)  1240
4.25
1 24.
 0.0036 nm –1 1 nm  10 m –9 –1
17 5.25
 3
–1 6 –1
0.0036 nm  3.6 × 10 m 2
n(n  1) 1 1 
21. = 15 n 2 – n = 30 E 2 n – (10.2 + 17) = 13.6 × 2 2   2 
2 4 n 
2
n – n – 30 = 0 n = 6
1 1 
E 3 n = 4.25 + 5.95 = 13.6 × Z 2   2 
1 1 1  9 n 
= RH   
Å 1 36  Z
25. E = –2.18 × 10 –18 2 g / atom
n
1 1 35 35  2496 1 2
  = E = (E 2 – E 1 ) = m 
x 912 36 32832 2
 = 1.89 × 10 6 m/sec
  932 Å  = 1.89 × 10 8 cm/sec
 1 V0 34. (KE) max = stopping potential (  
)
26. V2 = V0 ×  r = r0 × 4
2 2  stopping potential = 3.06 V
8
(V0 / 2)  10 0.286 8 kJ
N = p = Å 35. U avg. =
2   4r0 V m
101 8  1.38  10 23  298
 = Å U avg. =
V 3.14  4  1.67  10 27
U avg. = 1.25 × 10 3
1 1 1  1 1 
   h 6.62  10 34
27. (a)   1 2  = r × 4 12 n 2   = 
mV 4  1.67  10 27  1.25  10 3
1 1   = 0.79 Å
(b) E 2 4 = 2.7 = IE   
 4 16  150
36. 500 =
16 V
IE = 2.7 × eV
3 150
 V  V = 6 × 10 –4 volt
max 250000
1 1 
(c) E 4 1  IE    1
k 1  37.  3  10 8  V = 3 × 10 7
10
 1 1 h
E 4 3  IE   x × m × v =
 16 9  4
6.626  10 34
29. B.E. = 180.69 kJ/mole  w = hv 0 x × 1.672 × 10–27 kg × 3 × 107 = 
4  3.14
180.69 6.626  10 34  100
eV/atom = hv 0 x =
96.368 1.672  10 27  3  10 7  4  314

180.69 x  1.05  10 13 m

× 1.6 × 10 –19 = 6.6 × 10 –34 × v 0
96.368
38. 1 × 10 –10 = 6.6 × 10 –34
–34
v 0 = 6.626 × 10 = 2  1.67  10 27  1.6  10 –19  V
1240
30. E = eV E = 5.167 eV  1 = 6.6 × 10 –24 = 5.344  10 –8 eV
240
 1 = 6.6 × 10 –20 = 5.344  V
E = 497.9 kJ/mol
 5.344  V = 6.6 × 10 –20
31. h 1 = h 0 + 2E 1 h 2 = h 0 + E 1 39. Cu = [Ar]. 4s, 3d 9
h 1 – w 0 + 2E 1 h 2 – w 0 + E 1 or
h  w 0
2 = 1 2h 2 – 2w 0 = h 1 – w 0
h 2  w 0
h [2 2 –  1] = w 0 n(n  1) 5  4
no. of ex change pair = =  10
w 0 = 6.62 × 10 –34 (2 × 10 15 – 3.2 × 10 15 ) 2 2
4 3
w 0 = 6.62 × 10 –34 × 0.8 × 10 15 6
2
w 0 = 5.29 × 10 –19 w 0 = 318.9 kJ/mol Total exchanges = 10 + 6 = 16
hc
 w 0  E1
hc
 w0  E2 41. E of light absorbed in one photon (   
32. 1 2
hc 
E) = hc
 E1  w 0 .........(i)  absorbed
1 Let n1 photons are absorbed, therefore, ( 
n1
hc
 E2  w0 ........(ii) 
)
2
n 1 hc
hc hc Total energy absorbed()=

 E1   E2 absorbed
1 2
hc 1240 Now, E of light re-emitted out in one photon =
33. 2000 eV = 
  (nm )
hc
1240 (
E)
 = 62 × 10 –3 nm = 0.62 Å  emitted
20000
 Let n2 photons are re-emitted then, (
n2 
or Energy converted into K.E. = 0.68 × 10 –19 J

)  % of energy used i n ki netic energy =
hc 0.68  10 19
Total energy re-emitted out = n 2 ×   100 = 8.68%
emitted 7.83  10 –19

47 46. Energy given to I 2 molecule

As given E absorbed × = E re-emitted out
100
hc 6.626  10 34  3  10 8
hc 47 hc =  = 4.417× 10 –19 J
 n1   n2   4500  10 –10
 absorbed 100  emitted
Also energy used for breaking up of I 2 molecule
n1 47  emitted 47 5080 240  10 3
 n  100   =  = = 3.984 × 10 –19 J
2 absorbed 100 4530 6.023  10 23
 Energy used in imparting kinetic energy to two I
n1
 n = 0.527 atoms
2

hv = [4.417 – 3.984] × 10 –19 J

42. H 2 + Br 2   2HBr
hv  K.E./iodine atom = [(4.417 – 3.984)/2] × 10 –19
Br 2   2Br
= 0.216 × 10 –19 J
BE = 192 kJ / mole
150
192 hv 192 1240 48.  = = 3.88 × 10 –2 Å = 3.88 pm
eV/mole = or = 10 3  100
93.368  96.368 (nm)
 = 6235 Å 6.6  10 34
49.  =
6  10 24  3  10 6
0.2 n 0.2  n 1 1
43.  0.01 mole  0.01  10 65 = 3.68 × 10 –65 m
Na 1  128 =
3
0.2  n 1 127 50. V = 30 × 10 2 cm/sec
 2 × n =
10  127 100 10
 = 5000 Å m = 200 g
127 12.7
n =  6 h h
10  2 2  = 500 =
mV mV
6  10 22
No. of protons =  3  10 22 500
2 P = mV = = 30 × 10 2 × 200
6.626  10 26
243 1240
44.   1.75  10 29
96.368 (nm )

1240  96.368 51. v = 40 m/sec v = 0.01

= = 491.75×10 –9 m  4.9 × 10 –7m
243 h
 x = 37
4   9.1  10  99.99  40
45. Energy required to break H–H bond

430.53  10 3 0.53  100  10 54

= J/molecule = 7.15 × 10 –19 J =
6.023  10 23 40  99.99  9.1  10 37

hc 0.53  10 3  100 h
Energy of photon used for this purpose = = m.x.x =
 40  9.1  99.99 4
6.625  10 34  3.0  10 8
= = 7.83 × 10 –19 J 5.27  10 34
253.7  10 –9 x = = 1.447 × 10–3 × 100
1
 Energy left after dissociat ion of bond = 9.1  10 31  40  0.04 
100
(7.83 – 7.15) × 10 –19
ATOMIC STRUCTURE EXERCISE # 4[B]
1. Given that  1 = 486.1 × 10 –9 m 4. Since we obtain 6 emission lines, it means electron
= 486.1 × 10 –7 cm comes from 4th orbit energy emitted is equal to,
 2 = 410.2 × 10 –9 m = 410.2 × 10 –7 cm less than and more than 2.7 eV. So it can be like
this :
1 1
and v  v 2  v 1     (
6 
4th
 2 1 
1 1  1 1 

2.7 
eV 
= RH =  2  2   R H  2  2  
)
2 n2  2 n1 
E 4 – E 2 = 2.7 eV, E4– E3 < 2.7 eV,
1 1 
v = RH  2  2  ........(i) E 4 – E 1 > 2.7 eV
 n1 n 2  (a) n = 2,
For line I of Balmer series
(E 4 – E 2 ) atom = (E 4 – E 2 ) H × Z 2
1 1 1  1 1  2.7 = 2.55 × Z 2 = 1.029
 R H  2  2  = 109678  2  2  (b) IP = 13.6 Z 2 =13.6 × (1.029) 2 = 14.4 eV
1 2 n1  2 n1 
(c) Maximum energy emitted=E4–E1 = (E4 – E1)H × Z2
1 1 1  = 12.75 × (1.029) 2
or 7 = 109678  2 2  n 2  = 13.5eV
456.1  10  1 
Minimum energy emitted=E4 – E3 =(E 4 – E 3) H × Z2
 n1 = 4
= .66 × (1.029) 2 = 0.7eV
For line II of Balmer series ;
5. n 2E = 27.2eV(17 + 10.2) 
E – E 2  17eV
1 1 1  1 1  n 3E=10.2eV(4.25+5.95.2)  3
 R H  2  2  = 109678  2  2 
1 2 n2  2 n2  17 eV = 1.89 × Z 2  Z = 3
E 2 = –3.4 × 9 = –30.6 eV
1 1 1  E n – E 2 = 27.2 eV
or 7 = 109678  2 2  n 2  E n = 27.2 + E 2 = –3.4 eV
410.2  10  2 

 n2 = 6 13.6  3 2
E n = – 3.4 = –  n 2 = 36  n = 6
Thus given electronic transition occurs from 6th to n2
6.  = 975 Å
4 th shell. Also by eq. (i)
(
6th 4th 
) c 6.626  10 –34  3  10 8
E= = =2.03×10 –18 J=12.75eV
 975  1010
1 1 1 
v=  109678  2  2  So electron will excite to 4th energy level and when
 4 6 
comeback number of emission line will be 6.
  = 2.63 × 10 –4 cm minimum energy emit ted = E 4 – E 3 = 0.66 eV

 1 (
4th 
2. E ext = 2.18 × 10 –19  1   × 6.023 × 10 23 = 
6 
)
 9
116.71 kJ/mol H hc 1.9878  10 –25
 = = = 1.882 × 10 –6 m =
D.E. = 116.71 × 2.67 = 311.62 kJ/mol H 2 E .66  1.6  10 –19
18820 Å
PV 1 7. (a) kE = qV = 2 × 1.6 –19 × 2 × 10 6 = 6.4 × 10 –13 J
n =  = 0.04
RT 0.082  300 (b) At distance d = 5 × 10 –14 m let K.E. is x J and
 T.E. = 0.04 × 311.62 + 0.08 × 116.71 = 21.8kJ
k q1 q2 9  10 9  2  1.6  10 –19  47  1.6  10 –19
1240 PE = =
3. E(ev) = d 5  10 14
(nm)
1240 PE = 4.33 × 10 –13 J
Energy of 1st photon = = 11.428 eV By energy conservation :
108.5
1240 6.4 × 10 –13 = x + 4.33 × 10 –13
Energy of 2st photon = =40.79 eV x = 2.06 × 10 –13 J, kE = PE
30.4
En = 52.217– 54.4 = – 2.182 eV (E1 = –54.4 eV) 9  10  2  47  (1.6  10 –19 )2
9
6.4 × 10 –13 =
13.6  4 d
–2.182 =   n= 5  d = 3.384 × 10 –14 m
n2
 1.9878  10 –25
ke 2 du ke 2  = = 0.3039 × 10 –7 m = 303.9
8. pE = 3 , since F =
 = 4 6.54  10 18
3r dr r Å

mv 2 ke 2 mv 2 E 1 =–8.72 × 10 –18 =–21.79 × 10 –19 × Z 2  Z = 2

For stable atom F = so 4  ...(1)
r r r
0.529  1
(ii) r1 = A°=0.2645A°= 2.645 × 10–11m
2
ke 2
mv 2 = ...(2) 1240
r3 11 .(a)  = 12.4 nm, E (ev) = = 100 eV
12.4
1 ke 2 ke 2 W 0 = 25 eV
kE = mv 2  3 , PE =
2 2r 3r 3
kE = E – W 0 = 75 eV  V = 75 volt

ke 2 ke 2 ke 2 150
T.E = 3
 3 = + ...(3) (b)  = A° = 2 A° = 1.414 A°
2r 3r 6r 3 V

nh nh h h
Form bohr's postulate mvr =  V = (c) since p =     dp  2 d 
2 2  mr  

putting this in equation (2)

2 dp (1.414  10 –10 )2  6.62  10 –28
2 d = 
 nh  ke 2  n 2 h 2  ke 2 h 6.626  10 –34
m   3  m 2 2 2 3
 2  mr  r 4 m r  r
d =2 × 10 –14 m
4 2 mke 2 12. Since electron is in some exited state of He + so
r
n2h2 it's energy  13.6 eV so energy need to exitation
putting this in equation (3) is also < 13.6 eV & only for hydrogen
E 3 – E 1 < 13.6 eV. So Z =1. Now for He + this
ke 2 ke 2
T.E.  3
 energy is equal to the energy gap of 2nd and 6th
 4 2 m 2 ke 2   64 6 m 3 k 3 e 6 
6  6  orbit so initial state is 2 and final state is 6.
 n h
2 2
  n6h6 

He+ 
 13.6 eV 
6 6
n h
E =
384 m 3 6 k 2 e 4 < 13.6 eV 
9.(a) (E 3 –E 2 ) =68 eV = (E 3 – E 2 ) H × Z 2 E3 – E1 < 13.6 eV 
Z =1 
68 = 1.89 × Z 2  He  2nd  6th  
+

z = 6 
2 
(b) (kE) 1 = – E 1 =13.6 × 36 = 489.6 eV 6 
(c) Energy required = –E 1 = 489.6 eV
nh
1240 13. mvr =  3.1652 × 10 –34 = n
 = = 2.53 nm 2
489.6
10. E 1 = IP
 6.626  10 34 
= –4 R = –4 × 2.18 × 10 –18 J  
 2  3.14 
= –8.72 × 10 –18 J
n = 3
E1
E2 = = –2.18 × 10 –18 J
4
 1 1   8R 
c R – 2=  
E = E 2 – E 1 = 6.54 × 10 –18 J = 1 3   9 
