SDS TRC AND RGICD COLLEGE OF

NURSING,
BENGALURU - 29.

Seminar: Patterns of nursing education and training in India.

[GNM & B.Sc(N)]

Subject: Nursing Education.

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Mrs. Rajani H Machakanoor Miss. Revathi H K
Lecturer, 1ST Year, M.Sc(N)
Community Health Nursing.

Date of Submission:
Introduction:
Florence Nightingale is credited with founding modern nursing and creating the first
educational system for nurses. After hospitals came into existence in Western Europe, and prior
to the influence of Florence Nightingale, hospital care was given by women such as prisoners
and prostitutes, who were held very low regard by the society. These women learned to give care
by doing it. There was no organized programme to educate nurses.

Florence Nightingale stressed that nursing was not a domestic, charitable service
but a respected occupation requiring advanced education. She opened a School of Nursing at St.
Thomas Hospital, London, in 1860 and established basic principles for the school.

PATTERNS OF NURSING EDUCATION AND TRAINING

PROGRAMME IN INDIA.
Nursing Council Act came to existence in 1948 to constitute a council of nurses
who would safe guard the quality of nursing education in the country. The mandate was to
establish and maintain uniform standards of nursing education. Today, Indian nursing council
is a statutory body that regulates nursing education in the country through prescription,
inspection, examination, certification and maintaining its stands for a uniform syllabus at each
level of nursing education. The strive for maintenance of a uniform standards and pattern of
nursing education has curbed creative development and experiments for expansion of nursing
in to newer horizons of nursing education.

Definition:
“ Nursing education program is defined as in large part that influencing of one group of
human beings (the pupils), to grow towards defined objectives; utilizing a second group of
human beings (the teachers) and operating in a setting of third group of human beings (the
public), variously concerned both with objectives and with means used to achieve them.”
  Diploma- GNM.
(General Nursing and Midwifery)

In 1918, Diploma Nursing Programme has been started in Lady School of

Nursing. The International Council of Nurses believes that a basic in nursing should prepare
nurses for first level positions in nursing both in the hospital and community. It gives importance
for restoring and maintaining health, and in preventing disease and also helps to develop a deep
pride in the nursing profession among students to enable further professional growth.

The general nursing and midwifery course is conducted in 477 centers in the
country. The syllabus has undergone many revisions according to the change in the health plans
and policies of the Government and changing trends and advancements in general education,
nursing health sciences and medical technology. The latest revision of syllabus by INC in 2004
has increased the duration of the course from three year to three and half year. The basic
entrance has become intermediate or class 12 instead of earlier class 10. Both science and arts
students are eligible. The focus of general nursing education is the care of sick in the hospital.
Schools of nursing are generally attached to teaching hospitals. Three Board examinations are
conducted, one at the end of each year. On passing the candidates are registered as registered
nurse and mid –wife by the respective state nursing councils.

Philosophy:
The Indian Nursing Council believes that the basic course in nursing is a formal
educational preparation which should be based on sound education principles. The council
recognizes that the program as the foundation on which the practice of nursing is built and on
which depends further professional education. It also recognizes its responsibility to the society
for the continued development of student as individual nurse and citizens.
Purpose:
The purpose of general nursing programme is to prepare general nurse who will function
as member of the health team beginning with competence for first level position in both hospital
and community. The programme is generated to the health needs of the society, the community
and the individual and will assist nurses in their personal and professional development so that
they may take their maximum contribution to the society as individual citizens and nurses.

Objectives:

 Demonstrate awareness of and skills required in the nursing process in the

provision of health care and nursing of patients

 Apply relevant knowledge from the humanities biological and behavioral

sciences in carrying out health care and nursing activities and functions.

 Show sensitivity and skill in human relationship and communication in his or her
daily works

 Demonstrate skill in the problem solving methods in nursing.

 Gain knowledge of health resources in the community and the country

 Demonstrate skill in leadership

 Demonstrate awareness of necessity of belonging to professional organizations.

 Promotion of health, precaution against illness, restoration of health and

rehabilitation.

GUIDELINES FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW GENERAL

NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCHOOL OF NURSING

1. Any organization under: (i) Central Government/State Government/Local body (ii)

Registered Private or Public Trust (iii) Missionary or any other organization registered under
Society Registration Act (iv) Company incorporated under section 8 of Company’s act are
eligible to establish General Nursing and Midwifery School of Nursing.
2. Any organization having 100 bedded Parent (Own) hospital is eligible to establish General
Nursing Course.
3. Above organization shall obtain the Essentiality Certificate/No Objection Certificate for the
General Nursing and Midwifery programme from the respective State Government. The
institution name along with Trust Deed/Society address shall be mentioned in No Objection
Certificate/Essentiality Certificate.
4. An application form to establish Nursing programme is available on the website viz., www.
indiannursingcouncil.org, which shall be downloaded. Duly filled in application form with the
requisite documents mentioned in the form shall be submitted before the last date as per the
calendar of events of that year.
5. The Indian Nursing Council on receipt of the proposal from the Institution to start nursing
programme, will undertake the first inspection to assess suitability with regard to physical
infrastructure, clinical facility and teaching faculty in order to give permission to start the
programme.
6. After the receipt of the permission to start the nursing programme from Indian Nursing
Council, the institution shall obtain the approval from the State Nursing Council and
Examination Board. - Before the admission of the students next year institute will submit the
renewal/validity form as per the calendar of events every year. However INC may conduct
yearly inspection.
7. Institution will admit the students only after taking approval of State Nursing Council
Examination Board.

Eligibility:
 Age for the entrance shall be 17 years to 35 years, provided they meet the
minimum educational requirement i.e. 12 years of schooling.

 10+2 with English and must have obtained a minimum of 40% at the qualifying
examination and English individually from any recognized board.

 10+2 with English having 40% of marks in vocational ANM course from the
school recognized by Indian Nursing Council.
  Registered ANM with pass mark.

 Admission of students shall be done once a year.

 Students should be medically fit.

 The selection committee should comprise tutors, nurse administrators, and

educationalist/psychologist. The principal of the school shall be the chairperson.

Training programme:
The course in general nursing shall be of three and half years duration as follows-
two years practice in general nursing , one year community health nursing and midwifery and
six months internship which includes nursing administration and nursing research classes. There
will be alternate course for male students in lieu of midwifery. The ANM who wishes to
undertake general nursing course will not be given any concessions. The maximum hours per
week per students shall be 36 hours, which includes instructions and clinical field experiences.

INC Norms for GNM:

Physical Facilities:
Teaching Block
S. No. Teaching Block Area (Sq. ft.)
1 Lecture Hall 3 @ 900 = 2700
(i) Nursing foundation lab 1500
(ii) CHN & Nutrition 900
(iii) Advance nursing skill lab 900
(iv) OBG and pediatrics lab 900
(v) Pre-clinical science lab 900
(vi) Computer lab 1500
2 Multipurpose Hall 3000
3 Common room 1000
4 Staff room 1000
5 Principal room 300
6 Vice principal room 200
7 Library 1800
8 A.V aids room 600
9 One room for each Head of Departments 800
10 Faculty room 1800
11 Provisions for toilets 1000
Total 20,000Sq. Ft.

Hostel Blocks

S. No. Hostel Block Area (Sq. Ft.)

1 Single room 9000 (50 sq. ft. for each
Double room student)
2 Sanitary One latrine & One Bath room
(for 60 students) – 600 × 3 =
1800

3 Visitor room 500

4 Reading room 250
5 Store room 500
6 Recreation room 500
7 Dining hall 3000
8 Kitchen & store 1500
9 Warden’s room 450
Total 17,500 Sq. Ft.
 Grand Total (total requirement for the nursing programme): - 20000 (Teaching Block) +
17500 (Hostel Block) = 37500 Sq. Ft. (Proportionately the size of the built-up area will increase
according to the number of students admitted).

BUDGET

In the overall budget of the Institution, there should be provision for school budget under
a separate head. Principal of the school of Nursing should be the drawing and disbursing officer.

Clinical Facilities

School of Nursing should have a 120-150 bedded parent/affiliated hospitals for 40 annual intakes
in each programme:

 Distribution of beds in different areas

 Medical - 30

 Surgical - 30

 Obst. & Gynaecology - 30

 Pediatrics - 20

 Ortho - 10

 Bed occupancy of the hospital should be minimum 75%

 The size of the hospital/nursing home for affiliation should not be less than 50 beds

 Other specialities/facilities for clinical experience required are as follows:

 Major OT

 Minor OT
  Dental

 Eye/ENT

 Burns and plastic

 Neonatology with nursery

 Communicable disease

 Community Health Nursing

 Cardiology

 Oncology

 Neurology/Neuro-surgery

 Nephrology

 ICU/ICCU

 Affiliation of psychiatric hospital should be of minimum 30-50 beds

 The nursing staffing norms in the affiliated hospital should be as per the INC norms

 Affiliated hospitals should be in the radius of 15-30 kms

 1:3 student patient ratio to be maintained.

Teaching Facility:

Category Qualification and experience Required

Principal M.Sc. Nursing with 3 years of teaching experience or B. 01

Sc Nursing (Basic)/Post Basic with 5 years of teaching
experience
Vice-Principal M.Sc. Nursing or B.Sc. Nursing Basic/post basic with 3 01
years of teaching experience

Tutor M.Sc. Nursing or B.Sc. Nursing(Basic/Post Basic) or 16

Diploma in nursing education and administration with 2
years of professional experience

Staff for the Hostel

1. Warden (Female) -3: Qualification- B.Sc. Home Science or Diploma in

Housekeeping/Catering. Minimum three wardens must be there in every hostel for morning,
evening and night shifts. If number of students are more than 150, one more warden/ Asst.
Warden/ House keeper for every additional 50 students.

2. Cook-1: For every 20 students for each shift.

3. Kitchen & Dining Room helper- 1: For every 20 students for each shift.

4. Sweeper-3

5. Gardener-2

6. Security Guard/ Chowkidar-3

  B.Sc. Nursing (Basic).
Graduate nursing education started in India in the year 1946 in CMC, Vellore
and in the RAK College of nursing at Delhi University. At present several universities in India
offer the course.

Philosophy

(Adapted from Indian Nursing Council)

Indian Nursing Council believes that:

Health is a state of well-being that enables a person to lead a psychologically, socially
and economically productive life. Health is a right of all the people. Individuals, Families and
communities have responsibility towards maintaining their health.

Nursing contributes to the health services in vital and significant way in the health care
delivery system. It recognizes national health goals and is committed to participate in the
implementation of National Health policies and programmes. It aims at identifying health needs
of the people, planning and providing quality care in collaboration with other health
professionals and community groups.

Scope of nursing practice encompasses provision of promotive, preventive, curative and

rehabilitative aspects of care to people across their life span in wide variety of health care
settings. Practice of nursing is based upon application of basic concepts and principles derived
from the physical, biological, and behavioural sciences, medicine and nursing.

Nursing is based on values of caring and aims to help individuals to attain independence
in self care. It necessitates development of compassion and understanding of human behavior
among its practitioners to provide care with respect, dignity and protect the rights of individuals
& groups.
 Undergraduate nursing programme is broad based education within an academic
framework specifically directed to the development of critical thinking skills, competencies &
standards required for practice of professional nursing and midwifery as envisaged in National
Health Policy 2002.

The teachers have the responsibility to be role models and create learning environment
that enables students to acquire inquiry driven, self directed learning and foster an attitude of life
long learning.

Under graduate nursing education program prepares its graduates to become exemplary
citizen by adhering to code of ethics and professional conduct at all times in fulfilling personal,
social and professional obligations so as to respond to national aspirations.

Aim
The aim of the undergraduate nursing program is to:
 Prepare graduates to assume responsibilities as professional, competent nurses and
midwives in providing promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative services.
 Prepare nurses who can make independent decisions in nursing situations, protect the
rights and facilitate individuals and groups in pursuit of health, function in the hospital,
community nursing services, and conduct research studies in the areas of nursing
practice. They are also expected to assume the role of teacher, supervisor and manager in
a clinical / public health setting.

Objectives
On completion of the four year B.Sc. Nursing program the graduate will be able to:
1. Apply knowledge from physical, biological, and behavioral sciences, medicine
including alternative systems and providing nursing care to individuals, families and
communities.
2. Demonstrate understanding of life style and other factors, which affect health of
individuals and groups.
3. Provide nursing care based on steps of nursing process in collaboration with the
individuals and groups.
4. Demonstrate critical thinking skill in making decisions in all situations in all
situations in order to provide quality care.
5. Utilize the latest trends and technology in providing health care.
6. Provide promotive, preventive, and restorative health services in line with the
national health policies and programmes.
7. Practice within the framework of code of ethics and professional conduct, and
acceptable standards of practice within the legal boundaries.
8. Communicate effectively with individuals and groups, and members of the health
team in order to promote effective interpersonal relationships and teamwork.
9. Demonstrate skills in teaching to individuals and groups in clinical/community health
settings.
10. Participate effectively as members of the health team in health care delivery system.
11. Demonstrate leadership and managerial skills in clinical/community health settings.
12. Conduct need based research studies in various settings and utilize the research
findings to improve the quality of care.
13. Demonstrate awareness, interest and contribute towards advancement of self and of
the profession.

Eligibility:
A candidate seeking admission should have:

 Pass the 2 year of pre university exam or equivalent as recognized by concerned

university with science subjects i.e. Physics, biology and chemistry.

 Obtained at least 45%of total marks in science subjects in the qualifying exam, if
belongs to a scheduled caste or tribe, should have obtained not less than 40 % of
total marks in science subjects.

 Completed 17 years of age at the time of admission or will complete this age on
or before 31st December of the year of admission

 Is medically fit.
INC Norms for B.Sc. Nursing

Physical Facilities:
Teaching Block
S. No. Teaching Block Area (Sq. ft.)
1 Lecture Hall 4 @ 1080 = 4320
(vii) Nursing foundation lab 1500
(viii) CHN 900
(ix) Nutrition 900
(x) OBG and pediatrics lab 900
(xi) Pre-clinical science lab 900
(xii) Computer lab 1500
2 Multipurpose Hall 3000
3 Common room 2000
4 Staff room 1000
5 Principal room 300
6 Vice principal room 200
7 Library 2400
8 A.V aids room 600
9 One room for each Head of Departments 800
10 Faculty room 2400
11 Provisions for toilets 1000
Total 23720 Sq. Ft.

Hostel Block

S. No. Hostel Block Area (Sq. Ft.)

1 Single room 24000
Double room
2 Sanitary One latrine and bathroom(for
 5 students)- 500
3 Visitor room 500
4 Reading room 250
5 Store room 500
6 Recreation room 500
7 Dining hall 3000
8 Kitchen & store 1500
Total 30750 Sq. Ft.

Proportionately the size of the built-up area will increase according to the number of students
admitted.

Clinical Facilities

School of Nursing should have a 120-150 bedded parent/affiliated hospitals for 40 annual intakes
in each programme:

 Distribution of beds in different areas

 Medical - 30

 Surgical - 30

 Obst. & Gynaecology - 30

 Pediatrics - 20

 Ortho - 10

 Bed occupancy of the hospital should be minimum 75%

 The size of the hospital/nursing home for affiliation should not be less than 50 beds

 Other specialities/facilities for clinical experience required are as follows:

 Major OT
  Minor OT

 Dental

 Eye/ENT

 Burns and plastic

 Neonatology with nursery

 Communicable disease

 Community Health Nursing

 Cardiology

 Oncology

 Neurology/Neuro-surgery

 Nephrology

 ICU/ICCU

 Affiliation of psychiatric hospital should be of minimum 30-50 beds

 The nursing staffing norms in the affiliated hospital should be as per the INC norms

 Affiliated hospitals should be in the radius of 15-30 kms

 1:3 student patient ratio to be maintained.

Budget:

The budget for the college is annually planned by the nursing director, principal, and
general manager and approved by the managing director.
Teaching Facilities

Qualification & Experience of teachers of college of nursing

S. No. Post, Qualification & Experience

1 Professor-cum-Principal

 Masters Degree in Nursing

 Total 10 years of experience with minimum of 5 years of teaching experience

2 Professor-cum- Vice Principal

 Masters Degree in Nursing

 Total 10 years of experience with minimum of 5 years in teaching

3 Reader/Associate Professor

 Masters Degree in Nursing

 Total 7 years of experience with minimum of 3 years in teaching

4 Lecturer

 Masters Degree in Nursing

5 Tutor/Clinical Instructor

 M.Sc.(N) or B.Sc. (N) with 1 year experience or Basic B.Sc. (N) with post basic
diploma in clinical specialty
 Staffing pattern in college (For 50-100 admission annually)

Sl no Department Professor Associate Lecturer Asst Lecturer/

professor/ Demonstrator
Reader
Community health nursing 1 1 1 5
1
2 Obst & Gyn Nursing 1 1 1 3

3 Psychiatric Nursing 1 1 1 2

4 Pediatric Nursing 1 1 1 3

5 Medical surgical Nursing 2 3 4 3

including Fundamentals
6 Administration and 1 - 1 1
education

Total 7 7 9 19

Other Staff:
a) Administrative officer- 1
b) Office superintendent- 1
c) Accountant or cashier- 1
d) Upper division clerk- 3
e) Lower division clerk- 3
f) Librarian- 2
g) Sweepers- 3
Hostel Staff:
a) Wardens- 2
b) Housekeepers- 2
c) Cooks, bearers according to ratio-2
d) Ayas (depending on structural facility)- 4
e) Watchman/ Chowkidar- 3
f) Gardeners/ Dhobi (desirable)

Course of Study:
The course of study leading to bachelor of nursing degree comprises 4 academic
years.

First year Basic B.Sc. Nursing

Subjects Theory Hours Practical / Hours

Clinical Hours
1. English 60

2. Anatomy 60

3. Physiology 60

4. Nutrition 60

5. Biochemistry 30

6. Nursing Foundations 265 + 200 450

7. Psychology 60

8. Microbiology 60

9. Introduction to Computers 45

10 Kannada 30
11 Library work / Self Study 50

12 Co-curricular activities 50

TOTAL 930 450 100

TOTAL HOURS = 1480 HRS

Second Year Basic B.Sc. Nursing

Subjects Theory Hours Practical / Hours

Clinical Hours
1. Sociology 60

2. Pharmacology 45

3. Pathology 30

4. Genetics 15

5. Medical Surgical Nursing (Adult 210 720

including geriatrics)

6. Community Health Nursing 90 135

7. Communication and Educational 60 + 30

Technology

8. Library work / Self Study 50

9. Co-curricular activities 35

TOTAL 540 855 85

TOTAL HOURS = 1480 HRS

 Third Year Basic B.Sc. Nursing

Subjects Theory Hours Practical Hours

Hours
(Clinical)
1. Medical-Surgical Nursing (Adult 120 270
including geriatrics)-II

2. Child Health Nursing 90 270

3. Mental Health Nursing 90 270

4. Midwifery and Obstetrical 90 180

Nursing

5. Library work / Self Study 50

6. Co-curricular activities 50

TOTAL 390 990 100

TOTAL HOURS = 1480 HRS

Fourth Year Basic B.Sc. Nursing

Subjects Theory Hours Practical /

Clinical Hours
1. Midwifery and Obstetrical Nursing Nil 180

2. Community Health Nursing – II 90 135

3. Nursing Research & Statistics 45 * Project

4. Management of Nursing Services and Education 60 + 30

TOTAL 225 315

TOTAL HOURS = 540 HRS

 Details of Distribution of Hours for clinical training (Integrated Practice)
Subject Practical In Weeks

(In hrs)

1. Midwifery and Obstetrical nursing 240 5

2. Community Health Nursing-II 195 4

3. Medical Surgical Nursing (Adult and 430 9

geriatric)

4. Child Health 145 3

5. Mental Health 95 2

6. Research Project 45 1

Total Hours 1150 24

Scheme of Examination

First year

Distribution of Subjects and Marks for Internal Assessment and University

Examination

Subject Internal University Total

Assessment
Examination

Theory

1. Anatomy & Physiology 25 75 100

2. Nutrition and Biochemistry 25 75 100

3. Nursing Foundation 25 75 100

4. Psychology 25 75 100

5. Microbiology 25 75 100

Practical and Viva

1. Nursing Foundations 100 100 200

Second Year
Distribution of Subjects and Marks for Internal Assessment and University Examination

Subject Internal University Total

Assessment Examination

Theory

8. Sociology 25 75 100

9. Medical Surgical Nursing- I 25 75 100

10. Pharmacology, Pathology, Genetics 25 75 100

11. Community Health Nursing – I 25 75 100

12. Communication and Educational 25 75 100

Technology

Practical and Viva Internal University Total

Assessment Examination

2. Medical – Surgical Nursing – I 100 100 200

 Third Year
Distribution of Subjects and Marks for Internal Assessment and University Examination

Subject Hours Internal University Total

Assessment Exam

Theory

13. Medical Surgical Nursing- II 3 25 75 100

14. Child Health Nursing 3 25 75 100

15. Mental Health Nursing 3 25 75 100

Practical and Viva

3. Medical - Surgical Nursing- II 50 50 100

4. Child Health Nursing 50 50 100

5. Mental Health Nursing 50 50 100

Fourth Year
Distribution of Subjects and Marks for Internal Assessment and University Examination

Subject Internal University Total

Assessment Exam

Theory

16. Midwifery and Obstetrical Nursing 25 75 100

17. Community Health Nursing – II 25 75 100

18. Nursing Research & Statistics 25 75 100

19. Management of Nursing Services and 25 75 100

Education

Practical and Viva

6. Midwifery and Obstetrical Nursing 50 50 100

7. Community Health Nursing 50 50 100

  Conclusion
Florence Nightingale stressed that nursing was not a domestic, charitable service
but a respected occupation requiring advanced education. She opened a School of Nursing at St.
Thomas Hospital, London, in 1860 and established basic principles for the school.

Today, Indian nursing council is a statutory body that regulates nursing

education in the country through prescription, inspection, examination, certification and
maintaining its stands for a uniform syllabus at each level of nursing education. The strive for
maintenance of a uniform standards and pattern of nursing education has curbed creative
development and experiments for expansion of nursing in to newer horizons of nursing
education.
  Bibliography

 B.T. Basavanthappa; NURSING EDUCATION; 2nd Ed; 2004; Jaypee Brothers Medical
Publishers; Page No: 8-12

 K.P. Neeraja; TEXT BOOK OF NURSING EDUCATION; 2nd Ed; 2005; Jaypee Brothers
Publications; Page No: 40-78

 B.T. Basavanthappa; NURSING ADMINISTRATION; Jaypee Brothers Publications; Page

No: 450-473

 D. Elakkuvana Bhaskara Raj; TEXT BOOK OF NURSING EDUCATION; EMMESS

Publication; Page No: 449

Net Reference:
 www.currentnursing.com

 www.indiannursingcouncil.org